AD9561 [ADI]

Pulse Width Modulator; 脉宽调制器
AD9561
型号: AD9561
厂家: ADI    ADI
描述:

Pulse Width Modulator
脉宽调制器

文件: 总8页 (文件大小:275K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
a
Pulse Width Modulator  
AD9561  
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM  
FEATURES  
60 MHz Pulse Rate  
8-Bit Resolution  
AD9561  
Center, Left or Right Justify  
Low Power: 700 mW typical  
Minimum Pulse Width: <5 ns  
Maximum PW: 100 % Full-scale  
RAMP  
INTERNAL  
TIMING  
OUTPUT  
LOGIC  
CLOCK  
RAMP  
REF  
CAL  
OUT  
APPLICATIONS  
Laser Printers  
Digital Copiers  
Color Copiers  
R
SET  
CAL  
DAC  
PWM  
OUT  
CAL IN  
8-BIT  
DATA  
L
A
T
C
H
L
DAC  
CAL  
OUT  
A
T
C
H
SEM/DEM  
LEM/TEM  
RETRACE  
GENERAL DESCRIPTION  
Additionally, input data setup and hold time are symmetrical at  
2 ns each, simplifying interface to the system bus.  
The AD9561 is a second generation high speed, digitally  
programmable pulse width modulator (PWM). Output pulse  
width is proportional to an 8-bit DATA input value. Two  
additional control inputs determine if the pulse is placed at the  
beginning, middle or end of the clock period. Pulse width and  
placement can be changed every clock cycle up to 60 MHz.  
Finally, chip design and pinout are optimized to decrease  
sensitivity of analog circuits to digital coupling. (See layout  
section for detailed recommendations for optimum results.)  
Inputs are TTL or CMOS compatible, and outputs are CMOS  
compatible. The AD9561JR is packaged in a 28-lead plastic  
SOIC. It is rated over the commercial temperature range, 0°C  
to +70°C.  
Pulse width modulation is a well proven method for controlling  
gray scale and resolution enhancement in scanning laser print  
engines. Modulating pulse width provides the most cost  
effective method for continuous tone reproduction and resolu-  
tion enhancement in low-to-moderate cost scanning electro-  
photographic systems.  
HIGHLIGHTS  
1. 60 MHz native printer clock rate.  
2. Single +5 V power supply.  
3. On-chip Autocalibration.  
The AD9561 uses precision analog circuits to control dot size  
so that near-photographic quality images are practical without  
the high frequency clock signals required by all digital approaches.  
4. Pulse placement flexibility.  
5. High resolution: 256 pulse widths.  
The AD9561 has improved features and performance over its  
predecessor, the AD9560. An improved ramp topology enables  
control of pulse width through 100% of the dot clock period as  
opposed to 95% for the AD9560. This enables smooth transi-  
tion across dot boundaries for line screen applications.  
REV. 0  
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and  
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its  
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties  
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or  
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.  
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.  
Tel: 617/329-4700  
Fax: 617/326-8703  
World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com  
© Analog Devices, Inc., 1996  
(+V = +5 V; RSET = 715 , CLOCK = 20 MHz unless otherwise noted)  
AD9561–SPECIFICATIONS  
S
AD9561JR  
Parameter  
Temp  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
RESOLUTION  
8
Bits  
ACCURACY (@ 20 MHz)  
Differential Nonlinearity  
Integral Linearity1  
+25°C  
+25°C  
+25°C  
±0.5  
±1.5  
±0.75  
±2  
±4  
LSB  
LSB  
LSB  
Odd/Even Pulse Mismatch2  
DIGITAL INPUTS  
Logic “1” Voltage  
Full  
2.0  
V
Logic “0” Voltage  
Full  
0.8  
V
Input Current  
Input Capacitance  
Data Setup Time  
Data Hold Time  
Minimum Clock Pulse Width (HIGH)  
Full  
+25°C  
Full  
Full  
Full  
±1  
µA  
pF  
ns  
ns  
ns  
5
2.0  
2.0  
0.3  
0.3  
6
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE  
Maximum Trigger Rate  
Full  
+25°C  
Full  
Full  
Full  
Full  
Full  
Full  
60  
12  
MHz  
ns  
ps/°C  
ns  
% Clock  
ns  
ns  
3
Minimum Propagation Delay (tPD  
Minimum Propagation Delay TC  
Output Pulse Width @ Code 254  
Output Pulse Width @ Code 255  
Output Rise Time5, 6  
)
20  
60  
5
100  
1.8  
1.8  
6
28  
3
3
Output Fall Time5, 6  
RETRACE Propagation Delay  
ns  
PWM OUTPUT  
Logic “1” Voltage5, 6  
Logic “0” Voltage5, 6  
Full  
Full  
4.6  
4.6  
V
V
0.4  
0.4  
CAL OUT  
Logic “1” Voltage  
Logic “0” Voltage  
Full  
Full  
V
V
POWER SUPPLY7  
Positive Supply Current (+5.0 V)  
Power Dissipation  
Full  
Full  
Full  
Full  
140  
700  
70  
170  
850  
85  
mA  
mW  
mA  
mW  
Power Reduce Current  
Power Reduce Dissipation  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
350  
425  
Propagation Delay Sensitivity (TEM)8  
+25°C  
1.5  
ns/V  
NOTES  
1Best Fit between codes 25 and 230. INL is very layout sensitive.  
2Due to linearity mismatch in dual ramps.  
3Measured from rising edge of clock to transition of Codes 0 to 255.  
4Minimum pulse width (at 20 MHz) limited by rise time. Pulse width for Code 25 will be greater when CLOCK < 20 MHz.  
5Output load = 10 pF and 2 mA source/sink.  
6Load conditions to test output drive capability. Linearity will degrade with either capacitive or current loading. Best linearity obtained driving a single CMOS input.  
7All performance specifications valid when supply maintained at +5 V, ±5%.  
8Tested from +4.75 V to +5.25 V.  
Specification subject to change without notice.  
REV. 0  
–2–  
AD9561  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS1  
PIN CONFIGURATION  
Positive Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +7 V  
Digital Input Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDD  
Minimum RSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Ω  
Digital Output Current (Sourcing)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mA  
Digital Output Current (Sinking)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mA  
Operating Temperature Range3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C  
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C  
Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+150°C  
Lead Soldering Temperature (10 sec)4 . . . . . . . . . . . .+300°C  
D2  
28  
27  
26  
25  
24  
23  
22  
1
2
3
4
D3  
D1  
D4  
D5  
D0 (LSB)  
D6  
SEM/DEM  
D7(MSB)  
5
6
LEM/TEM  
V
CLOCK  
DD  
NOTES  
V
1Absolute maximum ratings are limiting values, to be applied individually, and  
beyond which serviceability may be impaired. Functional operation under any of  
these conditions is not necessarily implied.  
7
GND  
DD  
AD9561  
TOP VIEW  
(Not to Scale)  
8
GND  
21 OUT  
2CAL OUT should drive a single TTL or CMOS input.  
9
V
DD  
20  
19  
GND  
3Typical Thermal Impedance:  
V
GND  
10  
11  
12  
13  
DD  
28-lead SOIC (plastic) θJA = 71.4 °C/W; θJC = 23°C/W.  
4When soldering surface mount packages in vapor phase equipment, temperature  
should not exceed 220°C for more than one minute.  
18 RETRACE  
CAL OUT  
PWR REDUCE  
GND  
17  
16  
15  
CAL START  
V
DD  
R
GND  
14  
SET  
ORDERING GUIDE  
Temperature Package  
Range Description  
Package  
Option  
PIN DESCRIPTIONS  
Model  
Pin  
Name  
Description  
AD9561JR  
0°C to +70°C 28-Lead SOIC R-28  
AD9561JR-REEL* 0°C to +70°C 28-Lead SOIC R-28  
1–5  
6
7
D3–D7  
CLOCK  
VDD  
Digital Data Bits, D7 Is MSB  
Clock Input  
+5 V Supply  
*Tape and Reel ordered in multiples of 1000 ICs.  
8
GND  
Ground Return  
9
VDD  
+5 V Supply  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
GND  
Ground Return  
CAL OUT  
POWER REDUCE  
GND  
RSET  
GND  
Calibration Complete Output  
Place AD9561 in Sleep Mode  
Ground Return  
Ramp Current Set Resistor  
Ground Return  
VDD  
+5 V Supply  
CAL START  
RETRACE  
VDD  
GND  
OUT  
GND  
VDD  
LEM/TEM  
Initiates Calibration Cycle  
Force Output High  
+5 V Supply  
Ground Return  
Modulated Pulse Out  
Ground Return  
+5 V Supply  
Controls Leading (1) or  
Trailing (0) Edge Modulation  
25  
SEM/DEM  
Controls Single (1) or Dual (0)  
Edge Modulation  
26–28 D0–D2  
Digital Data Bits, D0 is LSB  
CAUTION  
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily  
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.  
Although the AD9561 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may  
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD  
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.  
WARNING!  
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE  
REV. 0  
–3–  
AD9561  
N
N+1  
N+1  
CLOCK  
DATA  
CONTROL  
FF, XX  
00, XX  
C0, 10  
C0, 0X  
C0, 0X  
80, 0X  
40, 0X  
00, XX  
C0, 0X  
E0, 11  
FF, XX  
0%  
DNC  
75%  
TEM  
75%  
DEM  
75%  
DEM  
50%  
DEM  
25%  
DEM  
0%  
DNC  
75%  
DEM  
87%  
LEM  
100%  
DNC  
PULSE  
N+1  
OUTPUT  
PULSE N  
Figure 1. Pulse Pattern Example  
THEORY OF OPERATION  
General  
LEADING EDGE  
MODULATION  
The AD9561 is a mixed signal IC designed to provide high-  
speed pulse width modulation in laser printers and copiers. It  
uses high performance analog circuits to achieve high resolution  
pulse control without requiring the excessively high clock rates  
of an all digital solution.  
TRAILING EDGE  
MODULATION  
Because of the sensitivity of analog circuits to digital crosstalk,  
PCB layout is critical for achieving optimum results. Please read the  
layout section at the end of this data sheet and follow suggestions  
completely for best performance.  
DUAL EDGE  
MODULATION  
The AD9561 was designed to facilitate either higher effective  
resolution or photo-realistic image reproduction on low cost  
laser print platforms. Its 8-bit pulse width resolution and pulse  
positioning capabilities combine to offer the highest level of gray  
shading and resolution enhancement flexibility available. It  
also includes an autocalibration circuit to minimize external  
components, and eliminates an extra burden on the system  
microprocessor.  
Figure 2. Modulation Modes  
Pulse positioning within the CLOCK period is defined by the  
following table:  
Table I. Truth Table  
SEM/DEM  
LEM/TEM  
Alignment  
The Functional Block Diagram illustrates the analog content,  
comprising ramp generators, DACs and comparators that  
generate a series of pulses. These pulses are combined in the  
output logic to form PWM OUT pulses whose width is propor-  
tional to the 8-bit DATA and whose position is determined by  
the SEM/DEM and LEM/TEM inputs.  
1
1
0
1
0
X
LEM  
TEM  
DEM  
Single-Edge Modulation offers two options in which one edge is  
modulated while the other remains fixed relative to the CLOCK.  
For Leading-Edge Modulation, the rising edge of the pulse is  
delayed from the leading edge of the CLOCK proportional to  
DATA, and the falling edge remains fixed at the end of the  
CLOCK period. This may also be called “right-hand justified.”  
The AD9561 employs a proprietary ramp topology that  
eliminates the loss of dynamic range at the ends of the ramp.  
The Functional Block Diagram is shown for illustration purposes  
only and does not represent the actual implementation.  
Modulation Modes  
Similarly, Trailing-Edge Modulation has the rising edge fixed  
on the beginning of the CLOCK period and the falling edge  
delayed proportional to DATA. This can be called “left-hand  
justified.”  
Positioning the width controlled pulses at the beginning, middle  
or end of the CLOCK period, as shown in Figure 2, adds  
significantly to the flexibility of the AD9561. This is accom-  
plished through control bit SEM/DEM and LEM/TEM. These  
acronyms represent Single-Edge Modulation/Dual-Edge  
Modulation and Leading-Edge Modulation/Trailing-Edge  
Modulation. SEM/DEM and LEM/TEM are collectively  
identified as CONTROL.  
Dual-Edge Modulation is often called “center justified” because  
the delay of both edges varies relative to the CLOCK. With  
increasing values for DATA, pulse width increases with its  
center remaining constant proportional to the CLOCK.  
Like DATA, modulation control inputs SEM/DEM, and  
LEM/TEM can be updated at the CLOCK rate up to 60 MHz.  
REV. 0  
–4–  
AD9561  
where F is the CLOCK frequency in Hz. The resistor value  
determined by the equation will generate a current near center-  
range of the autocalibration circuit.  
Pulse Pattern Example  
Figure 1 at the top of the previous page illustrates the PWM  
OUT of the AD9561 with various DATA and CONTROL  
inputs. The DATA format is Binary. In the Pulse Pattern  
Example, the Hexadecimal format is used, i.e., FFH represents  
decimal 255.  
Autocalibration  
The AD9561 should be calibrated when power is applied to the  
system or after a power reduce cycle.  
The top line shows the CLOCK; the second shows DATA and  
CONTROL inputs, which are latched on the rising edge of  
CLOCK. The third line shows the resulting pulse.  
CAL START  
1µs MIN  
The AD9561 DATA and CONTROL inputs are double  
latched. The OUTPUT pulse labeled “Pulse N” results from  
DATA and CONTROL values latched in by the first CLOCK,  
illustrating the one CLOCK period timing delay.  
tAC  
CAL OUT  
The CONTROL value number for pulse one is shown as xx.  
This means the value is not important because a 100% pulse  
will be output for any CONTROL value for DATA value 255 or  
FFH. Likewise, OUTPUT Pulse N is noted as 100% DNC (do  
not care), also noting that CONTROL value is unimportant.  
Figure 4. Autocalibration Timing  
Autocalibration is initiated by applying a pulse of 1 µs minimum  
duration to Pin 17, CAL START. The CLOCK pulse should be  
applied continuously during calibration. As Figure 4 shows, the  
initial state of CAL OUT is not known.  
The fourth DATA/CONTROL value is C0/0X. This indicates  
that the level for LEM/TEM is unimportant when SEM/DEM is  
logic Level “0”.  
During the CAL IN pulse, all internal logic is initialized for  
calibration and proper synchronization once calibration is  
complete; the falling edge of CAL IN initiates the Auto-CAL  
cycle.  
Selecting RSET  
Because the AD9561 must provide full range coverage of the  
CLOCK pulse period, the ramp time must be matched to the  
CLOCK period. All components for the ramp generators, except  
Auto-CAL is not affected by the code applied to the DATA or  
CONTROL inputs. However, to assure that no pulses are  
generated during calibration, it is suggested that all digital  
inputs be held at Logic “0.”  
RSET, are integrated in the AD9561.  
RSET, is selected by the user to set the ramp time close to the  
CLOCK period. The ramps are generated by constant current  
sources charging on-chip capacitors.  
On the falling edge of CAL IN, the ramp’s slope is set as slow as  
possible for the current RSET. Figure 4 shows the RAMP slope  
increasing as autocalibration adds small incremental currents,  
until it crosses the internal REF LO before the end of the  
CLOCK period.  
RSET can be chosen in the range from 226 for 60 MHz  
operation to 16.5 kfor 1 MHz. Because the absolute value of  
the on-chip capacitor can vary by ±20%, the autocalibration  
circuit is included to fine tune the matching of the ramp time to  
the CLOCK period.  
END OF CLOCK CYCLE  
RAMP  
100  
10  
1
REF LO  
TIME  
RAMP  
0
1
R
10  
20  
Figure 5. Autocalibration Conceptual  
– k  
SET  
The calibration current is incremented on each 32nd CLOCK  
pulse until the full-scale ramp time is equal to the period of the  
CLOCK. Cal Complete is detected and CAL OUT goes high  
when the ramp crosses REF LO before it is reset by the next  
CLOCK. With a maximum of 64 incremental increases, the  
maximum autocalibration time, tAC, can be calculated by the  
Figure 3. RSET Values vs. CLOCK Frequency  
Figure 3 shows approximate values for RSET over the operating  
frequency range. The following equation should be used to  
determine RSET  
:
30.2068 ×109  
equation:  
R =  
F1.04414  
32×64  
tAC  
=
FC  
FC = CLOCK frequency in Hertz  
where:  
–5–  
REV. 0  
AD9561  
This yields the maximum time from the trailing edge of CAL IN  
to the rising edge of CAL OUT. As an example, the maximum  
time required for auto-calibration for a system with clock frequency  
of 20 MHz is 102.4 ms plus the width of the CAL IN pulse.  
An ideal transfer would give 0% (or 0 ns) pulse width for a Code 0.  
As the code is incremented in steps of one, the pulse width would  
increase by 0.39% until it reached 100% for Code 255.  
When operating at high clock rates, several of the most narrow  
pulses do not reach valid logic Level “1” because of finite rise  
time. For example, at 20 MHz, a 1.95% pulse (code 5 or 05H)  
would have an expected pulse width of 1 ns. Because the rise  
time is typically 1.5 ns, this pulse will not reach a full output  
level. Therefore, depending on the clock rate, the lowest set of  
codes produces a series of triangle waves increasing in width  
and amplitude until a pulse of approximately 3 ns–5 ns reaches  
a proper logic level. Thus, the transfer is flat until about  
3 ns–5 ns pulse width (number of codes varies as a function of  
CLOCK frequency).  
Power Reduce  
The POWER REDUCE function permits the user to power  
down all nonessential circuits when the printer is not active.  
Applying a Logic “0” to POWER REDUCE decreases the  
power supply requirement by approximately half.  
APPLICATIONS  
DATA Timing  
Input DATA to the AD9561 is double latched. As a result of the  
internal timing, the OUTPUT is delayed more than one clock  
period from its corresponding DATA word. Figure 6 illustrates  
timing of DATA and CONTROL inputs relative to the CLOCK.  
Because of the new ramp topology in the AD9561, the transfer  
function extends slightly greater than 100% (typically 102%) of  
the clock period. This has the effect of creating smooth transitions  
at the CLOCK period boundaries instead of the discontinuities  
produced by the AD9560.  
CLOCK  
SETUP  
HOLD  
tCLOCK  
DATA  
CONTROL  
tCLOCK  
tCLOCK  
tCLOCK  
tPD  
Figure 6. DATA and CONTROL Timing  
The DATA and CONTROL inputs to the AD9561 are stan-  
dard master-slave latches. Inputs are latched in on the rising  
edge of the CLOCK with 2 ns Set-Up time and 2 ns Hold time.  
This is a design improvement over the AD9560 meant to  
simplify interfacing the AD9561 to digital processing circuits.  
LEM  
(RIGHT JUSTIFIED)  
TEM  
(LEFT JUSTIFIED)  
DEM  
(CENTER JUSTIFIED)  
Figure 8. Dot Clock Period Transitions  
A propagation delay exists between the CLOCK and OUTPUT  
pulses. The minimum propagation delay can be observed when  
alternating between codes 0 (00H hexadecimal) and 255 (FFH  
hexadecimal). This delay is due in part to normal circuit  
propagation; the remainder is due to time required to imple-  
ment the proprietary ramp function. OUTPUT pulse transi-  
tions will typically occur 22 ns after the rising edge of CLOCK.  
It may vary from 10 ns–35 ns over temperature.  
As shown in Figure 8, a Leading Edge Modulated pulse followed  
by a Trailing Edge Modulated pulse will stay high from the rising  
edge of the first pulse to the falling edge of the second. This is  
due to Code 255 being designed to be typically 102% of the  
CLOCK period. (Dashed lines indicate where transitions  
would occur if the code for the following or preceding period  
were 0.) Likewise, no gap occurs for maximum width Trailing  
Edge Modulation to max pulse width for Dual Edge Modula-  
tion. Because the ending and starting characteristics of all  
modes are symmetrical, any combination of pulses that ends at  
the boundary of the first period and starts at the boundary of  
the second period will produce a continuous pulse across the  
boundary.  
Transfer Function  
Output pulse width increases with increasing DATA values. As  
the heavy line of Figure 7 shows, the transfer function of the  
AD9561 is slightly nonideal.  
100  
80  
60  
40  
20  
0
For the purposes of printing text, or any time absolute white or  
black is required, 0 is decoded and a 100% LOW is output in  
the next CLOCK cycle. Similarly, 255 is detected and the next  
pulse is 100% HIGH.  
Retrace  
The RETRACE function permits driving the output to a  
constant Logic High. For laser printer applications, applying a  
logic “1” to RETRACE holds the laser on during the retrace  
period so end of scan can be detected. Returning it to Logic  
Low gives control back to the input data bits D0–D7.  
0
128  
25  
255  
CODE  
Figure 7. Pulse Width Transfer Function  
REV. 0  
–6–  
AD9561  
Grounding and Bypassing  
To reiterate the key layout considerations, high speed  
Because the AD9561 uses analog circuits to achieve its superb  
gray scale resolution, caution must be exercised when incorpo-  
rating it into the mostly digital controller card for a printer.  
Achieving the accuracy designed into the AD9561 requires that  
interference due to improper grounding, power supply noise and  
digital coupling be minimized by following good layout practices.  
It is strongly urged that all following recommendations be  
followed.  
digital traces should not be located near the RSET pin or  
under the center of the IC body.  
A final interface consideration relates to rise/fall time of  
the high speed signals. Some logic families have rise and  
fall times as fast as 2 V/ns. This can result in on-chip  
parasitic coupling of these signals into the analog section.  
The undesirable effect can be eliminated by inserting  
series resistors in the DATA, SEM/DEM and LEM/  
TEM connections. These resistors, in conjunction with the  
capacitance of the input pin and bond pad, will form a low  
pass filter to limit slew rate of the signals. The value of  
these resistors should be chosen based on trading off slower  
rise and fall time to possible interference to set up and hold  
times for faster clock rates.  
Factory characterization proves that a single ground plane  
dedicated to the AD9561 is most effective. This is atypical of  
many mixed signal circuits that use separate analog and digital  
grounds. Due to the operating speed of the AD9561, separate  
grounds result in erratic performance, which is eliminated by  
using a single isolated ground plane. This is because the DATA  
“low” value can be different from the ground value of the  
AD9561. All pins on the AD9561 labeled GROUND should  
be connected to the single dedicated ground plane. For best  
results, it is suggested that this plane be in the first interior layer  
under the IC. To assure logic level compatibility from the drive  
circuits to the AD9561, a single connection to the board’s main  
ground is necessary.  
Power supply noise can also disrupt the linear circuits of  
the AD9561. Since switching power supplies are becoming  
the norm in most systems, caution should be exercised to  
minimize switching noise reaching the AD9561. The IC is  
designed for maximum power supply rejection. However,  
frequency content of switching supply noise often exceeds  
the frequency range of highest rejection. The preferred  
method would be to use a linear regulator from a higher  
supply voltage. If this is not practical, insert a ferrite bead  
in series with the supply connection. If possible, a VDD  
plane or a substantial width trace should connect VDD to  
Pin 7 first and then connect to each of the other VDD pins  
with wide traces. Thorough decoupling will complete a low  
pass filter for the supply.  
The connection between the dedicated ground plane and the  
board’s main ground should be parallel to the path of the digital  
signals interfacing to the AD9561. High frequency return current  
seeks the path most parallel to the signal current. Whenever a  
parallel path does not exist, ground bounce results.  
CLOCK, DATA and CONTROL signal traces should run  
from the drive logic to the AD9561 in a group parallel to the  
connection between the system ground and the AD9561  
ground. Using more than one signal plane will permit these  
traces to be as close to the ground interconnection as possible.  
This results in lowest impedance ground return and minimum  
ground interference due to digital switching.  
All VDD connections should be connected together. 0.1 µF  
chip capacitors should be connected as closely as possible  
to each VDD pin to the dedicated ground plane. Laboratory  
results indicate that performance is maximized when these  
chip capacitors are mounted on the same side of the PC  
card as the AD9561. If mounting chip components on the  
same side as the AD9561 is not a preferred manufacturing  
method, due consideration is encouraged to make an excep-  
tion, at least in the case of RSET and as many decoupling  
capacitors as practical. Additionally, a 10 µF tantalum  
capacitor should decouple the supply on the AD9561 side  
of the regulator or ferrite bead, also to the dedicated  
ground plane.  
Attention to subtle layout characteristics can yield significant  
improvement in performance of high speed mixed signal ICs.  
The AD9561 pinouts were chosen for maximum isolation of  
sensitive pins such as RSET. The Pin 1 end of the IC should be  
oriented toward the source of the high speed digital inputs.  
This will help assure that these signal runs are short, with  
essentially the same length, thus having equal propagation  
delays. Most importantly, it will facilitate orienting traces to  
minimize coupling.  
For a recommended layout, see the AD9561/PCB data  
sheet. A copy can be obtained by calling Applications  
Support at 1-800-ANALOGD.  
High speed digital traces including DATA, CLOCK, SEM/  
DEM, LEM/TEM and the OUTPUT should not pass under the  
body of the IC. The CLOCK, in particular, should enter  
perpendicular to the IC.  
For best results, the OUTPUT trace should exit perpendicular  
to the IC and pass through a via to a signal layer under the  
ground plane. This trace or any resistor or other component  
of the output circuit should not be parallel to RSET as electro-  
magnetic coupling can occur, causing the ramp current reference  
to be noisy and linearity to deteriorate.  
Optimally, RSET should be a chip resistor located on the same  
side of the board as the AD9561. It should be located close to  
Pin 14, without being close to the other IC pins. RSET should  
be on the top of the board with the AD9561 with no vias to add  
stray reactance and additional coupling paths.  
REV. 0  
–7–  
AD9561  
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS  
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).  
28-Lead SOIC  
(R-28)  
0.7125 (18.10)  
0.6969 (17.70)  
28  
15  
1
14  
PIN 1  
0.1043 (2.65)  
0.0926 (2.35)  
0.0291 (0.74)  
0.0098 (0.25)  
x 45°  
0.0500 (1.27)  
0.0157 (0.40)  
8°  
0°  
0.0500  
(1.27)  
BSC  
0.0192 (0.49)  
0.0138 (0.35)  
0.0118 (0.30)  
0.0040 (0.10)  
SEATING  
PLANE  
0.0125 (0.32)  
0.0091 (0.23)  
–8–  
REV. 0  

相关型号:

AD9561JR

Pulse Width Modulator
ADI

AD9561JR-REEL

Pulse Width Modulator
ADI

AD9571

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9571ACPZLVD

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9571ACPZLVD-R7

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9571ACPZLVD-RL

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9571ACPZPEC

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9571ACPZPEC-RL

Ethernet Clock Generator, 10 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9572

Fiber Channel/Ethernet Clock Generator IC, PLL Core, Dividers, 7 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9572-EVALZ-LVD

Fiber Channel/Ethernet Clock Generator IC, PLL Core, Dividers, 7 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9572-EVALZ-PEC

Fiber Channel/Ethernet Clock Generator IC, PLL Core, Dividers, 7 Clock Outputs
ADI

AD9572ACPZLVD

Fiber Channel/Ethernet Clock Generator IC, PLL Core, Dividers, 7 Clock Outputs
ADI