ADSP-2186BCA-160 [ADI]
DSP Microcomputer; 微电脑DSP型号: | ADSP-2186BCA-160 |
厂家: | ADI |
描述: | DSP Microcomputer |
文件: | 总36页 (文件大小:239K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
a
DSP Microcomputer
ADSP-2186
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
FEATURES
PERFORMANCE
25 ns Instruction Cycle Time 40 MIPS Sustained
Performance
Single-Cycle Instruction Execution
Single-Cycle Context Switch
POWER-DOWN
CONTROL
FULL MEMORY
MODE
MEMORY
PROGRAMMABLE
DATA ADDRESS
GENERATORS
I/O
8K
؋
24 PROGRAM
MEMORY
8K
؋
16 DATA
MEMORY
EXTERNAL
ADDRESS
BUS
PROGRAM
SEQUENCER
AND
FLAGS
DAG 1 DAG 2
EXTERNAL
DATA
3-Bus Architecture Allows Dual Operand Fetches in
Every Instruction Cycle
Multifunction Instructions
Power-Down Mode Featuring Low CMOS Standby
Power Dissipation with 100 Cycle Recovery from
Power-Down Condition
PROGRAM MEMORY ADDRESS
DATA MEMORY ADDRESS
BUS
BYTE DMA
CONTROLLER
PROGRAM MEMORY DATA
DATA MEMORY DATA
OR
EXTERNAL
DATA
BUS
ARITHMETIC UNITS
ALU SHIFTER
SERIAL PORTS
SPORT 0 SPORT 1
TIMER
Low Power Dissipation in Idle Mode
INTERNAL
DMA
PORT
MAC
INTEGRATION
ADSP-2100 Family Code Compatible, with Instruction
Set Extensions
ADSP-2100 BASE
ARCHITECTURE
HOST MODE
40K Bytes of On-Chip RAM, Configured as
8K Words On-Chip Program Memory RAM and
8K Words On-Chip Data Memory RAM
Dual Purpose Program Memory for Both Instruction
and Data Storage
Automatic Booting of On-Chip Program Memory from
Byte-Wide External Memory, e.g., EPROM, or
Through Internal DMA Port
Six External Interrupts
13 Programmable Flag Pins Provide Flexible System
Signaling
Independent ALU, Multiplier/Accumulator and Barrel
Shifter Computational Units
UART Emulation through Software SPORT Reconfiguration
ICE-Port™ Emulator Interface Supports Debugging
in Final Systems
Two Independent Data Address Generators
Powerful Program Sequencer Provides
Zero Overhead Looping Conditional Instruction
Execution
Programmable 16-Bit Interval Timer with Prescaler
100-Lead LQFP
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADSP-2186 is a single-chip microcomputer optimized for
digital signal processing (DSP) and other high speed numeric
processing applications.
144-Ball Mini-BGA
SYSTEM INTERFACE
16-Bit Internal DMA Port for High Speed Access to
On-Chip Memory (Mode Selectable)
4 MByte Byte Memory Interface for Storage of Data
Tables and Program Overlays
8-Bit DMA to Byte Memory for Transparent Program
and Data Memory Transfers (Mode Selectable)
I/O Memory Interface with 2048 Locations Supports
Parallel Peripherals (Mode Selectable)
Programmable Memory Strobe and Separate I/O Memory
Space Permits “Glueless” System Design
(Mode Selectable)
Programmable Wait State Generation
Two Double-Buffered Serial Ports with Companding
Hardware and Automatic Data Buffering
The ADSP-2186 combines the ADSP-2100 family base archi-
tecture (three computational units, data address generators and
a program sequencer) with two serial ports, a 16-bit internal
DMA port, a byte DMA port, a programmable timer, Flag I/O,
extensive interrupt capabilities and on-chip program and data
memory.
The ADSP-2186 integrates 40K bytes of on-chip memory con-
figured as 8K words (24-bit) of program RAM and 8K words
(16-bit) of data RAM. Power-down circuitry is also provided to
meet the low power needs of battery operated portable equip-
ment. The ADSP-2186 is available in 100-lead LQFP and
144-Ball Mini-BGA packages.
In addition, the ADSP-2186 supports new instructions, which
include bit manipulations—bit set, bit clear, bit toggle, bit test—
new ALU constants, new multiplication instruction (x squared),
biased rounding, result free ALU operations, I/O memory trans-
fers and global interrupt masking for increased flexibility.
ICE-Port is a trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.
All trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
REV. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700
Fax: 781/326-8703
World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
© Analog Devices, Inc., 1999
ADSP-2186
Fabricated in a high speed, double metal, low power, CMOS
process, the ADSP-2186 operates with a 25 ns instruction cycle
time. Every instruction can execute in a single processor cycle.
The EZ-ICE performs a full range of functions, including:
• In-target operation
• Up to 20 breakpoints
• Single-step or full-speed operation
The ADSP-2186’s flexible architecture and comprehensive
instruction set allow the processor to perform multiple opera-
tions in parallel. In one processor cycle the ADSP-2186 can:
• Registers and memory values can be examined and altered
• PC upload and download functions
• Instruction-level emulation of program booting and execution
• Complete assembly and disassembly of instructions
• C source-level debugging
• Generate the next program address
• Fetch the next instruction
• Perform one or two data moves
• Update one or two data address pointers
• Perform a computational operation
See Designing An EZ-ICE-Compatible Target System in the
ADSP-2100 Family EZ-Tools Manual (ADSP-2181 sections), as
well as the Target Board Connector for EZ-ICE Probe section of
this data sheet, for the exact specifications of the EZ-ICE target
board connector.
This takes place while the processor continues to:
• Receive and transmit data through the two serial ports
• Receive and/or transmit data through the internal DMA port
• Receive and/or transmit data through the byte DMA port
• Decrement timer
Additional Information
This data sheet provides a general overview of ADSP-2186 func-
tionality. For additional information on the architecture and
instruction set of the processor, refer to the ADSP-2100 Family
User’s Manual, Third Edition. For more information about the
development tools, refer to the ADSP-2100 Family Development
Tools Data Sheet.
Development System
The ADSP-2100 Family Development Software, a complete set
of tools for software and hardware system development, sup-
ports the ADSP-2186. The System Builder provides a high level
method for defining the architecture of systems under develop-
ment. The Assembler has an algebraic syntax that is easy to
program and debug. The Linker combines object files into an
executable file. The Simulator provides an interactive instruction-
level simulation with a reconfigurable user interface to display
different portions of the hardware environment. A PROM
Splitter generates PROM programmer compatible files. The
C Compiler, based on the Free Software Foundation’s GNU
C Compiler, generates ADSP-2186 assembly source code.
The source code debugger allows programs to be corrected in
the C environment. The Runtime Library includes over 100
ANSI-standard mathematical and DSP-specific functions.
ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
The ADSP-2186 instruction set provides flexible data moves and
multifunction (one or two data moves with a computation) in-
structions. Every instruction can be executed in a single proces-
sor cycle. The ADSP-2186 assembly language uses an algebraic
syntax for ease of coding and readability. A comprehensive set of
development tools supports program development.
POWER-DOWN
CONTROL
FULL MEMORY
MODE
MEMORY
PROGRAMMABLE
DATA ADDRESS
GENERATORS
I/O
EXTERNAL
ADDRESS
BUS
PROGRAM
SEQUENCER
8K
؋
24 8K
؋
16 DATA
AND
FLAGS
The EZ-KIT Lite is a hardware/software kit offering a complete
development environment for the entire ADSP-21xx family: an
ADSP-218x based evaluation board with PC monitor software
plus Assembler, Linker, Simulator and PROM Splitter software.
The ADSP-21xx EZ-KIT Lite is a low cost, easy to use hardware
platform on which you can quickly get started with your DSP soft-
ware design. The EZ-KIT Lite includes the following features:
PROGRAM
MEMORY
DAG 2
DAG 1
MEMORY
EXTERNAL
DATA
BUS
PROGRAM MEMORY ADDRESS
DATA MEMORY ADDRESS
BYTE DMA
CONTROLLER
PROGRAM MEMORY DATA
DATA MEMORY DATA
OR
EXTERNAL
DATA
BUS
• 33 MHz ADSP-2181
ARITHMETIC UNITS
SERIAL PORTS
SPORT 0 SPORT 1
TIMER
• Full 16-bit Stereo Audio I/O with AD1847 SoundPort®
Codec
INTERNAL
DMA
PORT
ALU
SHIFTER
MAC
ADSP-2100 BASE
ARCHITECTURE
• RS-232 Interface to PC with Microsoft® Windows 3.1
Control Software
HOST MODE
Figure 1. Block Diagram
• EZ-ICE® Connector for Emulator Control
• DSP Demo Programs
Figure 1 is an overall block diagram of the ADSP-2186. The
processor contains three independent computational units: the
ALU, the multiplier/accumulator (MAC) and the shifter. The
computational units process 16-bit data directly and have provi-
sions to support multiprecision computations. The ALU per-
forms a standard set of arithmetic and logic operations; division
primitives are also supported. The MAC performs single-cycle
multiply, multiply/add and multiply/subtract operations with
40 bits of accumulation. The shifter performs logical and arith-
metic shifts, normalization, denormalization and derive exponent
operations.
The ADSP-218x EZ-ICE Emulator aids in the hardware debug-
ging of an ADSP-2186 system. The emulator consists of hard-
ware, host computer resident software, and the target board
connector. The ADSP-2186 integrates on-chip emulation sup-
port with a 14-pin ICE-Port interface. This interface provides a
simpler target board connection that requires fewer mechanical
clearance considerations than other ADSP-2100 Family EZ-
ICEs. The ADSP-2186 device need not be removed from the
target system when using the EZ-ICE, nor are any adapters
needed. Due to the small footprint of the EZ-ICE connector,
emulation can be supported in final board designs.
The shifter can be used to efficiently implement numeric
format control including multiword and block floating-point
representations.
SoundPort and EZ-ICE are registered trademarks of Analog Devices, Inc.
REV. A
–2–
ADSP-2186
serial interface with optional companding in hardware and a wide
variety of framed or frameless data transmit and receive modes of
operation.
The internal result (R) bus connects the computational units so
the output of any unit may be the input of any unit on the next
cycle.
Each port can generate an internal programmable serial clock or
accept an external serial clock.
A powerful program sequencer and two dedicated data address
generators ensure efficient delivery of operands to these compu-
tational units. The sequencer supports conditional jumps, sub-
routine calls and returns in a single cycle. With internal loop
counters and loop stacks, the ADSP-2186 executes looped code
with zero overhead; no explicit jump instructions are required to
maintain loops.
The ADSP-2186 provides up to 13 general-purpose flag pins.
The data input and output pins on SPORT1 can be alternatively
configured as an input flag and an output flag. In addition, eight
flags are programmable as inputs or outputs, and three flags are
always outputs.
Two data address generators (DAGs) provide addresses for
simultaneous dual operand fetches from data memory and pro-
gram memory. Each DAG maintains and updates four address
pointers. Whenever the pointer is used to access data (indirect
addressing), it is post-modified by the value of one of four pos-
sible modify registers. A length value may be associated with
each pointer to implement automatic modulo addressing for
circular buffers.
A programmable interval timer generates periodic interrupts. A
16-bit count register (TCOUNT) decrements every n processor
cycle, where n is a scaling value stored in an 8-bit register
(TSCALE). When the value of the count register reaches zero,
an interrupt is generated and the count register is reloaded from
a 16-bit period register (TPERIOD).
Serial Ports
The ADSP-2186 incorporates two complete synchronous serial
ports (SPORT0 and SPORT1) for serial communications and
multiprocessor communication.
Efficient data transfer is achieved with the use of five internal
buses:
• Program Memory Address (PMA) Bus
• Program Memory Data (PMD) Bus
• Data Memory Address (DMA) Bus
• Data Memory Data (DMD) Bus
• Result (R) Bus
Here is a brief list of the capabilities of the ADSP-2186 SPORTs.
For additional information on Serial Ports, refer to the ADSP-
2100 Family User’s Manual, Third Edition.
• SPORTs are bidirectional and have a separate, double-buffered
transmit and receive section.
The two address buses (PMA and DMA) share a single external
address bus, allowing memory to be expanded off-chip, and the
two data buses (PMD and DMD) share a single external data
bus. Byte memory space and I/O memory space also share the
external buses.
• SPORTs can use an external serial clock or generate their own
serial clock internally.
• SPORTs have independent framing for the receive and trans-
mit sections. Sections run in a frameless mode or with frame
synchronization signals internally or externally generated.
Frame sync signals are active high or inverted, with either of
two pulsewidths and timings.
Program memory can store both instructions and data, permit-
ting the ADSP-2186 to fetch two operands in a single cycle, one
from program memory and one from data memory. The ADSP-
2186 can fetch an operand from program memory and the next
instruction in the same cycle.
• SPORTs support serial data word lengths from 3 to 16 bits and
provide optional A-law and µ-law companding according to
CCITT recommendation G.711.
When configured in host mode, the ADSP-2186 has a 16-bit
Internal DMA port (IDMA port) for connection to external
systems. The IDMA port is made up of 16 data/address pins and
five control pins. The IDMA port provides transparent, direct
access to the DSPs on-chip program and data RAM.
• SPORT receive and transmit sections can generate unique
interrupts on completing a data word transfer.
• SPORTs can receive and transmit an entire circular buffer of
data with only one overhead cycle per data word. An interrupt
is generated after a data buffer transfer.
An interface to low cost byte-wide memory is provided by the
Byte DMA port (BDMA port). The BDMA port is bidirectional
and can directly address up to four megabytes of external RAM
or ROM for off-chip storage of program overlays or data tables.
• SPORT0 has a multichannel interface to selectively receive and
transmit a 24- or 32-word, time-division multiplexed, serial
bitstream.
The byte memory and I/O memory space interface supports
slow memories and I/O memory-mapped peripherals with
programmable wait state generation. External devices can gain
control of external buses with bus request/grant signals (BR,
BGH and BG). One execution mode (Go Mode) allows the
ADSP-2186 to continue running from on-chip memory. Normal
execution mode requires the processor to halt while buses are
granted.
• SPORT1 can be configured to have two external interrupts
(IRQ0 and IRQ1) and the Flag In and Flag Out signals. The
internally generated serial clock may still be used in this
configuration.
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The ADSP-2186 is available in a 100-lead LQFP package and a
144-Ball Mini-BGA package. In order to maintain maximum
functionality and reduce package size and pin count, some serial
port, programmable flag, interrupt and external bus pins have
dual, multiplexed functionality. The external bus pins are
configured during RESET only, while serial port pins are soft-
ware configurable during program execution. Flag and interrupt
functionality is retained concurrently on multiplexed pins. In
The ADSP-2186 can respond to eleven interrupts. There are up
to six external interrupts (one edge-sensitive, two level-sensitive
and three configurable) and seven internal interrupts generated
by the timer, the serial ports (SPORTs), the Byte DMA port
and the power-down circuitry. There is also a master RESET
signal. The two serial ports provide a complete synchronous
REV. A
–3–
ADSP-2186
cases where pin functionality is reconfigurable, the default
state is shown in plain text; alternate functionality is shown in
italics.
Memory Interface Pins
The ADSP-2186 processor can be used in one of two modes:
Full Memory Mode, which allows BDMA operation with full
external overlay memory and I/O capability, or Host Mode,
which allows IDMA operation with limited external addressing
capabilities. The operating mode is determined by the state of
the Mode C pin during RESET and cannot be changed while
the processor is running.
Common-Mode Pins
#
of
Input/
Out-
Pin
Name(s)
Pins put
Function
RESET
BR
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
Processor Reset Input
Full Memory Mode Pins (Mode C = 0)
I
Bus Request Input
#
BG
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
Bus Grant Output
of
Input/
BGH
DMS
PMS
IOMS
BMS
CMS
RD
Bus Grant Hung Output
Data Memory Select Output
Program Memory Select Output
Memory Select Output
Pin Name Pins Output Function
A13:0
D23:0
14
24
O
Address Output Pins for Pro-
gram, Data, Byte and I/O Spaces
I/O
Data I/O Pins for Program,
Data, Byte and I/O Spaces
(8 MSBs Are Also Used as
Byte Memory Addresses)
Byte Memory Select Output
Combined Memory Select Output
Memory Read Enable Output
Memory Write Enable Output
WR
Host Mode Pins (Mode C = 1)
IRQ2/
Edge- or Level-Sensitive
Interrupt Request1
#
PF7
I/O
Programmable I/O Pin
Level-Sensitive Interrupt Requests1
Programmable I/O Pin
Level-Sensitive Interrupt Requests1
Programmable I/O Pin
Edge-Sensitive Interrupt Requests1
Programmable I/O Pin
of
Input/
IRQL0/
PF5
1
1
1
I
I/O
Pin Name Pins Output Function
IAD15:0
A0
16
1
I/O
O
IDMA Port Address/Data Bus
IRQL1/
PF6
I
I/O
Address Pin for External I/O,
Program, Data, or Byte Access
IRQE/
PF4
I
I/O
D23:8
16
I/O
Data I/O Pins for Program,
Data Byte and I/O Spaces
PF3
1
1
I/O
I
Programmable I/O Pin
IWR
IRD
IAL
IS
1
1
1
1
1
I
IDMA Write Enable
IDMA Read Enable
IDMA Address Latch Pin
IDMA Select
Mode C/
Mode Select Input—Checked
only During RESET
Programmable I/O Pin During
Normal Operation
I
PF2
I/O
I
I
Mode B/
1
1
I
Mode Select Input—Checked
only During RESET
Programmable I/O Pin During
Normal Operation
IACK
O
IDMA Port Acknowledge
PF1
I/O
In Host Mode, external peripheral addresses can be decoded using the A0,
CMS, PMS, DMS, and IOMS signals.
Mode A/
I
Mode Select Input—Checked
only During RESET
Programmable I/O Pin During
Normal Operation
Setting Memory Mode
Memory Mode selection for the ADSP-2186 is made during
chip reset through the use of the Mode C pin. This pin is multi-
plexed with the DSP’s PF2 pin, so care must be taken in how
the mode selection is made. The two methods for selecting the
value of Mode C are passive and active.
PF0
I/O
CLKIN, XTAL
CLKOUT
2
1
5
5
I
Clock or Quartz Crystal Input
Processor Clock Output
Serial Port I/O Pins
O
SPORT0
I/O
I/O
Passive configuration involves the use a pull-up or pull-down
resistor connected to the Mode C pin. To minimize power
consumption, or if the PF2 pin is to be used as an output in the
DSP application, a weak pull-up or pull-down, on the order of
100 kΩ, can be used. This value should be sufficient to pull the
pin to the desired level and still allow the pin to operate as a
programmable flag output without undue strain on the processor’s
output driver. For minimum power consumption during
power-down, reconfigure PF2 to be an input, as the pull-up or
pull-down will hold the pin in a known state, and will not switch.
SPORT1
IRQ1:0
FI, FO
Serial Port I/O Pins
Edge- or Level-Sensitive Interrupts,
Flag In, Flag Out2
PWD
1
1
3
I
Power-Down Control Input
Power-Down Control Output
Output Flags
PWDACK
FL0, FL1, FL2
O
O
I
VDD and GND 16
Power and Ground
EZ-Port
NOTES
9
I/O
For Emulation Use
1Interrupt/Flag pins retain both functions concurrently. If IMASK is set to
enable the corresponding interrupts, the DSP will vector to the appropriate
interrupt vector address when the pin is asserted, either by external devices or
set as a programmable flag.
Active configuration involves the use of a three-stateable exter-
nal driver connected to the Mode C pin. A driver’s output en-
able should be connected to the DSP’s RESET signal such that
it only drives the PF2 pin when RESET is active (low). After
RESET is deasserted, the driver should three-state, thus allow-
ing full use of the PF2 pin as either an input or output.
2SPORT configuration determined by the DSP System Control Register. Soft-
ware configurable.
REV. A
–4–
ADSP-2186
To minimize power consumption during power-down, configure
the programmable flag as an output when connected to a three-
stated buffer. This ensures that the pin will be held at a constant
level and not oscillate should the three-state driver’s level hover
around the logic switching point.
The IFC register is a write-only register used to force and clear
interrupts.
On-chip stacks preserve the processor status and are automati-
cally maintained during interrupt handling. The stacks are twelve
levels deep to allow interrupt, loop and subroutine nesting.
Interrupts
The following instructions allow global enable or disable servic-
ing of the interrupts (including power-down), regardless of the
state of IMASK. Disabling the interrupts does not affect serial
port autobuffering or DMA.
The interrupt controller allows the processor to respond to the
eleven possible interrupts and reset with minimum overhead.
The ADSP-2186 provides four dedicated external interrupt
input pins, IRQ2, IRQL0, IRQL1 and IRQE (shared with the
PF7:4 pins). In addition, SPORT1 may be reconfigured for
IRQ0, IRQ1, FLAG_IN and FLAG_OUT, for a total of six
external interrupts. The ADSP-2186 also supports internal
interrupts from the timer, the byte DMA port, the two serial
ports, software and the power-down control circuit. The inter-
rupt levels are internally prioritized and individually maskable
(except power-down and RESET). The IRQ2, IRQ0 and IRQ1
input pins can be programmed to be either level- or edge-sensitive.
IRQL0 and IRQL1 are level-sensitive and IRQE is edge-sensitive.
The priorities and vector addresses of all interrupts are shown in
Table I.
ENA INTS;
DIS INTS;
When the processor is reset, interrupt servicing is enabled.
LOW POWER OPERATION
The ADSP-2186 has three low power modes that significantly
reduce the power dissipation when the device operates under
standby conditions. These modes are:
• Power-Down
• Idle
• Slow Idle
Table I. Interrupt Priority and Interrupt Vector Addresses
The CLKOUT pin may also be disabled to reduce external
power dissipation.
Source Of Interrupt
Interrupt Vector Address (Hex)
Reset (or Power-Up with
PUCR = 1)
Power-Down
0000 (Highest Priority)
The ADSP-2186 processor has a low power feature that lets the
processor enter a very low power dormant state through hard-
ware or software control. Following is a brief list of power-down
features. Refer to the ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual, Third
Edition, “System Interface” chapter, for detailed information
about the power-down feature.
Power-Down (Nonmaskable) 002C
IRQ2
0004
0008
000C
0010
0014
0018
001C
IRQL1
IRQL0
SPORT0 Transmit
SPORT0 Receive
IRQE
•
Quick recovery from power-down. The processor begins
executing instructions in as few as 200 CLKIN cycles.
•
Support for an externally generated TTL or CMOS proces-
sor clock. The external clock can continue running during
power-down without affecting the lowest power rating and
200 CLKIN cycle recovery.
BDMA Interrupt
SPORT1 Transmit or IRQ1 0020
SPORT1 Receive or IRQ0
0024
Timer
0028 (Lowest Priority)
•
Support for crystal operation includes disabling the oscillator
to save power (the processor automatically waits approxi-
mately 4096 CLKIN cycles for the crystal oscillator to start
or stabilize), and letting the oscillator run to allow 200 CLKIN
cycle start-up.
Interrupt routines can either be nested, with higher priority
interrupts taking precedence, or processed sequentially. Inter-
rupts can be masked or unmasked with the IMASK register.
Individual interrupt requests are logically ANDed with the bits
in IMASK; the highest priority unmasked interrupt is then
selected. The power-down interrupt is nonmaskable.
•
•
Power-down is initiated by either the power-down pin (PWD)
or the software power-down force bit.
Interrupt support allows an unlimited number of instructions
to be executed before optionally powering down. The power-
down interrupt also can be used as a nonmaskable, edge-
sensitive interrupt.
The ADSP-2186 masks all interrupts for one instruction cycle
following the execution of an instruction that modifies the
IMASK register. This does not affect serial port autobuffering
or DMA transfers.
•
Context clear/save control allows the processor to continue
where it left off or start with a clean context when leaving the
power-down state.
The interrupt control register, ICNTL, controls interrupt nest-
ing and defines the IRQ0, IRQ1 and IRQ2 external interrupts to
be either edge- or level-sensitive. The IRQE pin is an external
edge-sensitive interrupt and can be forced and cleared. The
IRQL0 and IRQL1 pins are external level-sensitive interrupts.
•
•
The RESET pin also can be used to terminate power-down.
Power-down acknowledge pin indicates when the processor
has entered power-down.
REV. A
–5–
ADSP-2186
Idle
FULL MEMORY MODE
When the ADSP-2186 is in the Idle Mode, the processor waits
indefinitely in a low power state until an interrupt occurs. When
an unmasked interrupt occurs, it is serviced; execution then
continues with the instruction following the IDLE instruction.
In Idle mode IDMA, BDMA and autobuffer cycle steals still
occur.
ADSP-2186
A13–0
1/2x CLOCK
OR
CRYSTAL
14
CLKIN
ADDR13–0
XTAL
D23–16
D15–8
A0–A21
FL0–2
BYTE
MEMORY
24
PF3
DATA
DATA23–0
IRQ2/PF7
CS
BMS
IRQE/PF4
IRQL0/PF5
IRQL1/PF6
A10–0
D23–8
Slow Idle
ADDR
DATA
MODE C/PF2
MODE B/PF1
MODE A/PF0
I/O SPACE
The IDLE instruction is enhanced on the ADSP-2186 to let the
processor’s internal clock signal be slowed, further reducing
power consumption. The reduced clock frequency, a program-
mable fraction of the normal clock rate, is specified by a select-
able divisor given in the IDLE instruction. The format of the
instruction is
(PERIPHERALS)
2048 LOCATIONS
CS
IOMS
A13–0
D23–0
SPORT1
SCLK1
ADDR
DATA
OVERLAY
MEMORY
RFS1 OR IRQ0
TFS1 OR IRQ1
DT1 OR FO
DR1 OR FI
SERIAL
DEVICE
TWO 8K
PMS
DMS
CMS
PM SEGMENTS
TWO 8K
SPORT0
SCLK0
RFS0
IDLE (n);
DM SEGMENTS
BR
BG
SERIAL
DEVICE
where n = 16, 32, 64 or 128. This instruction keeps the proces-
sor fully functional, but operating at the slower clock rate. While
it is in this state, the processor’s other internal clock signals,
such as SCLK, CLKOUT and timer clock, are reduced by the
same ratio. The default form of the instruction, when no clock
divisor is given, is the standard IDLE instruction.
TFS0
BGH
DT0
DR0
PWD
PWDACK
HOST MEMORY MODE
ADSP-2186
1/2x CLOCK
OR
CRYSTAL
CLKIN
ADDR0
XTAL
1
When the IDLE (n) instruction is used, it effectively slows down
the processor’s internal clock and thus its response time to in-
coming interrupts. The one-cycle response time of the standard
idle state is increased by n, the clock divisor. When an enabled
interrupt is received, the ADSP-2186 will remain in the idle
state for up to a maximum of n processor cycles (n = 16, 32, 64
or 128) before resuming normal operation.
FL0–2
PF3
16
DATA23–8
IRQ2/PF7
IRQE/PF4
IRQL0/PF5
IRQL1/PF6
BMS
MODE C/PF2
MODE B/PF1
MODE A/PF0
When the IDLE (n) instruction is used in systems that have an
externally generated serial clock (SCLK), the serial clock rate
may be faster than the processor’s reduced internal clock rate.
Under these conditions, interrupts must not be generated at a
faster rate than can be serviced, due to the additional time the
processor takes to come out of the idle state (a maximum of n
processor cycles).
IOMS
SPORT1
SCLK1
RFS1 OR IRQ0
TFS1 OR IRQ1
DT1 OR FO
DR1 OR FI
SERIAL
DEVICE
PMS
DMS
CMS
SPORT0
SCLK0
RFS0
TFS0
DT0
SERIAL
DEVICE
BR
BG
BGH
DR0
IDMA PORT
PWD
PWDACK
SYSTEM INTERFACE
IRD/D6
IWR/D7
IS/D4
IAL/D5
IACK/D3
IAD15–0
SYSTEM
INTERFACE
OR
Figure 2 shows typical basic system configurations with the
ADSP-2186, two serial devices, a byte-wide EPROM and optional
external program and data overlay memories (mode selectable).
Programmable wait state generation allows the processor to
connect easily to slow peripheral devices. The ADSP-2186 also
provides four external interrupts and two serial ports or six
external interrupts and one serial port. Host Memory Mode
allows access to the full external data bus, but limits addressing
to a single address bit (A0). Additional system peripherals can
be added in this mode through the use of external hardware to
generate and latch address signals.
CONTROLLER
16
Figure 2. Basic System Configuration
REV. A
–6–
ADSP-2186
Clock Signals
The master reset sets all internal stack pointers to the empty
stack condition, masks all interrupts and clears the MSTAT
register. When RESET is released, if there is no pending bus
request and the chip is configured for booting, the boot-loading
sequence is performed. The first instruction is fetched from
on-chip program memory location 0x0000 once boot loading
completes.
The ADSP-2186 can be clocked by either a crystal or a TTL-
compatible clock signal.
The CLKIN input cannot be halted, changed during operation
or operated below the specified frequency during normal opera-
tion. The only exception is while the processor is in the power-
down state. For additional information, refer to Chapter 9,
ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual, Third Edition, for detailed
information on this power-down feature.
MEMORY ARCHITECTURE
The ADSP-2186 provides a variety of memory and peripheral
interface options. The key functional groups are Program Memory,
Data Memory, Byte Memory and I/O.
If an external clock is used, it should be a TTL-compatible
signal running at half the instruction rate. The signal is con-
nected to the processor’s CLKIN input. When an external clock
is used, the XTAL input must be left unconnected.
Program Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 24-bit-wide space
for storing both instruction opcodes and data. The ADSP-2186
has 8K words of Program Memory RAM on chip, and the capabil-
ity of accessing up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces using
the external data bus. Both an instruction opcode and a data value
can be read from on-chip program memory in a single cycle.
The ADSP-2186 uses an input clock with a frequency equal to
half the instruction rate; a 20.00 MHz input clock yields a 25 ns
processor cycle (which is equivalent to 40 MHz). Normally,
instructions are executed in a single processor cycle. All device
timing is relative to the internal instruction clock rate, which is
indicated by the CLKOUT signal when enabled.
Data Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 16-bit-wide space
used for the storage of data variables and for memory-mapped
control registers. The ADSP-2186 has 8K words on Data
Memory RAM on chip, consisting of 8160 user-accessible
locations and 32 memory-mapped registers. Support also exists
for up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces through the
external data bus.
Because the ADSP-2186 includes an on-chip oscillator circuit,
an external crystal may be used. The crystal should be con-
nected across the CLKIN and XTAL pins, with two capacitors
connected as shown in Figure 3. Capacitor values are dependent
on crystal type and should be specified by the crystal manufac-
turer. A parallel-resonant, fundamental frequency, microproces-
sor-grade crystal should be used.
Byte Memory (Full Memory Mode) provides access to an
8-bit wide memory space through the Byte DMA (BDMA) port.
The Byte Memory interface provides access to 4 MBytes of
memory by utilizing eight data lines as additional address lines.
This gives the BDMA Port an effective 22-bit address range. On
power-up, the DSP can automatically load bootstrap code from
byte memory.
A clock output (CLKOUT) signal is generated by the proces-
sor at the processor’s cycle rate. This can be enabled and
disabled by the CLKODIS bit in the SPORT0 Autobuffer
Control Register.
I/O Space (Full Memory Mode) allows access to 2048 loca-
tions of 16-bit-wide data. It is intended to be used to communi-
cate with parallel peripheral devices such as data converters and
external registers or latches.
CLKIN
XTAL
CLKOUT
DSP
Program Memory
The ADSP-2186 contains an 8K × 24 on-chip program RAM.
The on-chip program memory is designed to allow up to two
accesses each cycle so that all operations can complete in a
single cycle. In addition, the ADSP-2186 allows the use of 8K
external memory overlays.
Figure 3. External Crystal Connections
Reset
The RESET signal initiates a master reset of the ADSP-2186.
The RESET signal must be asserted during the power-up
sequence to assure proper initialization. RESET during initial
power-up must be held long enough to allow the internal clock
to stabilize. If RESET is activated any time after power-up, the
clock continues to run and does not require stabilization time.
The program memory space organization is controlled by the
Mode B pin and the PMOVLAY register. Normally, the ADSP-
2186 is configured with Mode B = 0 and program memory
organized as shown in Figure 4.
The power-up sequence is defined as the total time required for
the crystal oscillator circuit to stabilize after a valid VDD is
applied to the processor, and for the internal phase-locked loop
(PLL) to lock onto the specific crystal frequency. A minimum of
2000 CLKIN cycles ensures that the PLL has locked, but does
not include the crystal oscillator start-up time. During this
power-up sequence the RESET signal should be held low. On
any subsequent resets, the RESET signal must meet the mini-
PROGRAM MEMORY
ADDRESS
0x3FFF
EXTERNAL 8K
(PMOVLAY = 1 or 2,
MODE B = 0)
0x2000
0x1FFF
mum pulsewidth specification, tRSP
.
8K INTERNAL
The RESET input contains some hysteresis; however, if you use
an RC circuit to generate your RESET signal, the use of an
external Schmidt trigger is recommended.
0x0000
Figure 4. Program Memory (Mode B = 0)
REV. A
–7–
ADSP-2186
There are 8K words of memory accessible internally when the
PMOVLAY register is set to 0. When PMOVLAY is set to some-
thing other than 0, external accesses occur at addresses 0x2000
through 0x3FFF. The external address is generated as shown in
Table II.
There are 8160 words of memory accessible internally when the
DMOVLAY register is set to 0. When DMOVLAY is set to
something other than 0, external accesses occur at addresses
0x0000 through 0x1FFF. The external address is generated as
shown in Table III.
Table II. PMOVLAY Addressing
Table III. Addressing
PMOVLAY Memory A13
A12:0
DMOVLAY Memory A13
A12:0
0
1
Internal
Not Applicable Not Applicable
13 LSBs of Address
0
1
Internal
Not Applicable Not Applicable
13 LSBs of Address
External
Overlay 1
External
Overlay 1
0
Between 0x2000
and 0x3FFF
0
Between 0x0000
and 0x1FFF
2
External
Overlay 2
13 LSBs of Address
Between 0x2000
and 0x3FFF
2
External
Overlay 2
13 LSBs of Address
Between 0x0000
and 0x1FFF
1
1
NOTE: Addresses 0x2000 through 0x3FFF should not be accessed when
PMOVLAY = 0.
This organization allows for two external 8K overlays using only
the normal 14 address bits. All internal accesses complete in one
cycle. Accesses to external memory are timed using the wait
states specified by the DWAIT register.
This organization provides for two external 8K overlay segments
using only the normal 14 address bits, which allows for simple
program overlays using one of the two external segments in
place of the on-chip memory. Care must be taken in using this
overlay space in that the processor core (i.e., the sequencer)
does not take into account the PMOVLAY register value. For
example, if a loop operation is occurring on one of the external
overlays and the program changes to another external overlay or
internal memory, an incorrect loop operation could occur. In
addition, care must be taken in interrupt service routines as the
overlay registers are not automatically saved and restored on the
processor mode stack.
I/O Space (Full Memory Mode)
The ADSP-2186 supports an additional external memory space
called I/O space. This space is designed to support simple con-
nections to peripherals or to bus interface ASIC data registers.
I/O space supports 2048 locations. The lower eleven bits of the
external address bus are used; the upper three bits are unde-
fined. Two instructions were added to the core ADSP-2100
Family instruction set to read from and write to I/O memory
space. The I/O space also has four dedicated three-bit wait state
registers, IOWAIT0-3, that specify up to seven wait states to be
automatically generated for each of four regions. The wait states
act on address ranges as shown in Table IV.
When Mode B = 1, booting is disabled and overlay memory is
disabled (PMOVLAY must be 0). Figure 5 shows the memory
map in this configuration.
PROGRAM MEMORY
ADDRESS
0x3FFF
Table IV.
Address Range
Wait State Register
RESERVED
0x000–0x1FF
0x200–0x3FF
0x400–0x5FF
0x600–0x7FF
IOWAIT0
IOWAIT1
IOWAIT2
IOWAIT3
0x2000
0x1FFF
8K EXTERNAL
0x0000
Composite Memory Select (CMS)
Figure 5. Program Memory (Mode B = 1)
Data Memory
The ADSP-2186 has 8160 16-bit words of internal data memory.
In addition, the ADSP-2186 allows the use of 8K external memory
overlays. Figure 6 shows the organization of the data memory.
The ADSP-2186 has a programmable memory select signal that
is useful for generating memory select signals for memories
mapped to more than one space. The CMS signal is generated
to have the same timing as each of the individual memory select
signals (PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS), but can combine their
functionality.
DATA MEMORY
ADDRESS
0x3FFF
Each bit in the CMSSEL register, when set, causes the CMS
signal to be asserted when the selected memory select is as-
serted. For example, to use a 32K word memory to act as both
program and data memory, set the PMS and DMS bits in the
CMSSEL register and use the CMS pin to drive the chip select
of the memory and use either DMS or PMS as the additional
address bit.
32 MEMORY–
MAPPED REGISTERS
0x3FEO
0x3FDF
INTERNAL
8160 WORDS
0x2000
0x1FFF
The CMS pin functions as the other memory select signals, with
the same timing and bus request logic. A 1 in the enable bit
causes the assertion of the CMS signal at the same time as the
selected memory select signal. All enable bits, except the BMS
bit, default to 1 at reset.
EXTERNAL 8K
(DMOVLAY = 1, 2)
0x0000
Figure 6. Data Memory
REV. A
–8–
ADSP-2186
Boot Memory Select (BMS) Disable
Table V. BDMA Data Formats
The ADSP-2186 also lets you boot the processor from one
external memory space while using a different external memory
space for BDMA transfers during normal operation. You can
use the CMS to select the first external memory space for BDMA
transfers and BMS to select the second external memory space
for booting. The BMS signal can be disabled by setting Bit 3 of
the System Control Register to 1. The System Control Register
is illustrated in Figure 7.
Internal
Memory Space
BTYPE
Word Size
Alignment
00
01
10
11
Program Memory
Data Memory
Data Memory
Data Memory
24
16
8
Full Word
Full Word
MSBs
8
LSBs
Unused bits in the 8-bit data memory formats are filled with 0s.
The BIAD register field is used to specify the starting address for
the on-chip memory involved with the transfer. The 14-bit BEAD
register specifies the starting address for the external byte memory
space. The 8-bit BMPAGE register specifies the starting page for
the external byte memory space. The BDIR register field selects
the direction of the transfer. The 14-bit BWCOUNT register
specifies the number of DSP words to transfer and initiates the
BDMA circuit transfers.
SYSTEM CONTROL REGISTER
15 14 13 12 11 10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DM (0
؋
3FFF) SPORT0 ENABLE
1 = ENABLED,
0 = DISABLED
PWAIT
PROGRAM MEMORY
WAIT STATES
SPORT1 ENABLE
1 = ENABLED,
0 = DISABLED
BMS ENABLE
0 = ENABLED,
1 = DISABLED
SPORT1 CONFIGURE
1 = SERIAL PORT
0 = FI, FO, IRQ0, IRQ1, SCLK
BDMA accesses can cross page boundaries during sequential
addressing. A BDMA interrupt is generated on the completion
of the number of transfers specified by the BWCOUNT register.
The BWCOUNT register is updated after each transfer so it can
be used to check the status of the transfers. When it reaches
zero, the transfers have finished and a BDMA interrupt is gener-
ated. The BMPAGE and BEAD registers must not be accessed
by the DSP during BDMA operations.
Figure 7. System Control Register
Byte Memory
The byte memory space is a bidirectional, 8-bit-wide, external
memory space used to store programs and data. Byte memory is
accessed using the BDMA feature. The BDMA Control Register is
shown in Figure 8. The byte memory space consists of 256 pages,
each of which is 16K × 8.
The source or destination of a BDMA transfer will always be
on-chip program or data memory, regardless of the values of
Mode B, PMOVLAY or DMOVLAY.
BDMA CONTROL
15 14 13 12 11 10
9
8
7
6
5
0
4
0
3
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DM (0
؋
3FE3) When the BWCOUNT register is written with a nonzero value,
the BDMA circuit starts executing byte memory accesses with
wait states set by BMWAIT. These accesses continue until the
count reaches zero. When enough accesses have occurred to
create a destination word, it is transferred to or from on-chip
memory. The transfer takes one DSP cycle. DSP accesses to
external memory have priority over BDMA byte memory
accesses.
BTYPE
BDIR
0 = LOAD FROM BM
1 = STORE TO BM
BMPAGE
BCR
0 = RUN DURING BDMA
1 = HALT DURING BDMA
Figure 8. BDMA Control Register
The byte memory space on the ADSP-2186 supports read and
write operations as well as four different data formats. The byte
memory uses data bits 15:8 for data. The byte memory uses
data bits 23:16 and address bits 13:0 to create a 22-bit address.
This allows up to a 4 meg × 8 (32 megabit) ROM or RAM to be
used without glue logic. All byte memory accesses are timed by
the BMWAIT register.
The BDMA Context Reset bit (BCR) controls whether the
processor is held off while the BDMA accesses are occurring.
Setting the BCR bit to 0 allows the processor to continue opera-
tions. Setting the BCR bit to 1 causes the processor to stop
execution while the BDMA accesses are occurring, to clear the
context of the processor and start execution at address 0 when
the BDMA accesses have completed.
Byte Memory DMA (BDMA, Full Memory Mode)
Internal Memory DMA Port (IDMA Port; Host Memory Mode)
The IDMA Port provides an efficient means of communication
between a host system and the ADSP-2186. The port is used to
access the on-chip program memory and data memory of the
DSP with only one DSP cycle per word overhead. The IDMA
port cannot, however, be used to write to the DSP’s memory-
mapped control registers.
The Byte memory DMA controller allows loading and storing of
program instructions and data using the byte memory space.
The BDMA circuit is able to access the byte memory space
while the processor is operating normally and steals only one
DSP cycle per 8-, 16- or 24-bit word transferred.
The BDMA circuit supports four different data formats that are
selected by the BTYPE register field. The appropriate number
of 8-bit accesses is done from the byte memory space to build
the word size selected. Table V shows the data formats sup-
ported by the BDMA circuit.
REV. A
–9–
ADSP-2186
The IDMA port has a 16-bit multiplexed address and data bus
and supports 24-bit program memory. The IDMA port is com-
pletely asynchronous and can be written to while the ADSP-
2186 is operating at full speed.
Table VI. Boot Summary Table
MODE C MODE B MODE A Booting Method
0
0
0
BDMA feature is used to load
the first 32 program memory
words from the byte memory
space. Program execution is
held off until all 32 words have
been loaded. Chip is config-
ured in Full Memory Mode.
The DSP memory address is latched and then automatically
incremented after each IDMA transaction. An external device
can therefore access a block of sequentially addressed memory
by specifying only the starting address of the block. This in-
creases throughput as the address does not have to be sent for
each memory access.
IDMA Port access occurs in two phases. The first is the IDMA
Address Latch cycle. When the acknowledge is asserted, a 14-bit
address and 1-bit destination type can be driven onto the bus by
an external device. The address specifies an on-chip memory
location, the destination type specifies whether it is a DM or
PM access. The falling edge of the address latch signal latches
this value into the IDMAA register.
0
1
0
No Automatic boot operations
occur. Program execution
starts at external memory
location 0. Chip is configured
in Full Memory Mode.
BDMA can still be used but
the processor does not auto-
matically use or wait for these
operations.
Once the address is stored, data can then either be read from or
written to the ADSP-2186’s on-chip memory. Asserting the
select line (IS) and the appropriate read or write line (IRD and
IWR respectively) signals the ADSP-2186 that a particular
transaction is required. In either case, there is a one-processor-
cycle delay for synchronization. The memory access consumes
one additional processor cycle.
1
0
0
BDMA feature is used to load
the first 32 program memory
words from the byte memory
space. Program execution is
held off until all 32 words have
been loaded. Chip is config-
ured in Host Mode. Additional
interface hardware is required.
Once an access has occurred, the latched address is automati-
cally incremented and another access can occur.
Through the IDMAA register, the DSP can also specify the
starting address and data format for DMA operation.
1
0
1
IDMA feature is used to load
any internal memory as de-
sired. Program execution is
held off until internal program
memory location 0 is written
to. Chip is configured in Host
Mode.
Bootstrap Loading (Booting)
The ADSP-2186 has two mechanisms to allow automatic load-
ing of the internal program memory after reset. The method for
booting is controlled by the Mode A, B and C configuration bits
as shown in Table VI. These four states can be compressed into
two-state bits by allowing an IDMA boot with Mode C = 1.
However, three bits are used to ensure future compatibility with
parts containing internal program memory ROM.
The BDMA interface is set up during reset to the following de-
faults when BDMA booting is specified: the BDIR, BMPAGE,
BIAD and BEAD registers are set to 0; the BTYPE register is
set to 0 to specify program memory 24-bit words; and the
BWCOUNT register is set to 32. This causes 32 words of on-
chip program memory to be loaded from byte memory. These
32 words are used to set up the BDMA to load in the remaining
program code. The BCR bit is also set to 1, which causes pro-
gram execution to be held off until all 32 words are loaded into
on-chip program memory. Execution then begins at address 0.
BDMA Booting
When the MODE pins specify BDMA booting, the ADSP-2186
initiates a BDMA boot sequence when RESET is released.
The ADSP-2100 Family development software (Revision 5.02
and later) fully supports the BDMA booting feature and can
generate byte memory space compatible boot code.
The IDLE instruction can also be used to allow the processor
to hold off execution while booting continues through the
BDMA interface. For BDMA accesses while in Host Mode,
the addresses to boot memory must be constructed externally
to the ADSP-2186. The only memory address bit provided by
the processor is A0.
REV. A
–10–
ADSP-2186
IDMA Port Booting
BIASED ROUNDING
The ADSP-2186 can also boot programs through its Internal
DMA port. If Mode C = 1, Mode B = 0, and Mode A = 1, the
ADSP-2186 boots from the IDMA port. The IDMA feature can
load as much on-chip memory as desired. Program execution is
held off until on-chip program memory location 0 is written to.
A mode is available on the ADSP-2186 to allow biased round-
ing in addition to the normal unbiased rounding. When the
BIASRND bit is set to 0, the normal unbiased rounding opera-
tions occur. When the BIASRND bit is set to 1, biased round-
ing occurs instead of the normal unbiased rounding. When
operating in biased rounding mode all rounding operations with
MR0 set to 0x8000 will round up, rather than only rounding up
odd MR1 values.
Bus Request and Bus Grant
The ADSP-2186 can relinquish control of the data and address
buses to an external device. When the external device requires
access to memory, it asserts the bus request (BR) signal. If the
ADSP-2186 is not performing an external memory access, it
responds to the active BR input in the following processor cycle by:
For example:
Table VII. Biased Rounding Example
• Three-stating the data and address buses and the PMS, DMS,
BMS, CMS, IOMS, RD, WR output drivers,
MR Value
Before RND
Biased
RND Result
Unbiased
RND Result
• Asserting the bus grant (BG) signal, and
00-0000-8000
00-0001-8000
00-0000-8001
00-0001-8001
00-0000-7FFF
00-0001-7FFF
00-0001-8000
00-0002-8000
00-0001-8001
00-0002-8001
00-0000-7FFF
00-0001-7FFF
00-0000-8000
00-0002-8000
00-0001-8001
00-0002-8001
00-0000-7FFF
00-0001-7FFF
• Halting program execution.
If Go Mode is enabled, the ADSP-2186 will not halt program
execution until it encounters an instruction that requires an
external memory access.
If the ADSP-2186 is performing an external memory access
when the external device asserts the BR signal, it will not three-
state the memory interfaces or assert the BG signal until the
processor cycle after the access completes. The instruction does
not need to be completed when the bus is granted. If a single
instruction requires two external memory accesses, the bus will
be granted between the two accesses.
This mode only has an effect when the MR0 register contains
0x8000; all other rounding operations work normally. This
mode allows more efficient implementation of bit-specified
algorithms that use biased rounding, for example the GSM
speech compression routines. Unbiased rounding is preferred
for most algorithms.
When the BR signal is released, the processor releases the BG
signal, reenables the output drivers and continues program
execution from the point at which it stopped.
Note: BIASRND bit is Bit 12 of the SPORT0 Autobuffer
Control register.
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTION
The bus request feature operates at all times, including when
The ADSP-2186 assembly language instruction set has an alge-
braic syntax that was designed for ease of coding and readabil-
ity. The assembly language, which takes full advantage of the
processor’s unique architecture, offers the following benefits:
the processor is booting and when RESET is active.
The BGH pin is asserted when the ADSP-2186 is ready to
execute an instruction but is stopped because the external bus is
already granted to another device. The other device can release
the bus by deasserting bus request. Once the bus is released, the
ADSP-2186 deasserts BG and BGH and executes the external
memory access.
• The algebraic syntax eliminates the need to remember cryptic
assembler mnemonics. For example, a typical arithmetic add
instruction, such as AR = AX0 + AY0, resembles a simple
equation.
Flag I/O Pins
• Every instruction assembles into a single, 24-bit word that
can execute in a single instruction cycle.
The ADSP-2186 has eight general purpose programmable input/
output flag pins. They are controlled by two memory mapped
registers. The PFTYPE register determines the direction,
1 = output and 0 = input. The PFDATA register is used to read
and write the values on the pins. Data being read from a pin
configured as an input is synchronized to the ADSP-2186’s
clock. Bits that are programmed as outputs will read the value
being output. The PF pins default to input during reset.
• The syntax is a superset ADSP-2100 Family assembly lan-
guage and is completely source and object code compatible
with other family members. Programs may need to be relo-
cated to utilize on-chip memory and conform to the ADSP-
2186’s interrupt vector and reset vector map.
• Sixteen condition codes are available. For conditional jump,
call, return or arithmetic instructions, the condition can be
checked and the operation executed in the same instruction
cycle.
In addition to the programmable flags, the ADSP-2186 has five
fixed-mode flags, FLAG_IN, FLAG_OUT, FL0, FL1 and
FL2. FL0-FL2 are dedicated output flags. FLAG_IN and
FLAG_OUT are available as an alternate configuration of
SPORT1.
• Multifunction instructions allow parallel execution of an
arithmetic instruction with up to two fetches or one write to
processor memory space during a single instruction cycle.
Note: Pins PF0, PF1 and PF2 are also used for device configu-
ration during reset.
REV. A
–11–
ADSP-2186
I/O Space Instructions
See the ADSP-2100 Family EZ-Tools data sheet for complete
The instructions used to access the ADSP-2186’s I/O memory
space are as follows:
information on ICE products.
The ICE-Port interface consists of the following ADSP-2186
pins:
Syntax: IO(addr) = dreg
dreg = IO(addr);
EBR
EMS
ELIN
EBG
EINT
ELOUT
ERESET
ECLK
EE
where addr is an address value between 0 and 2047 and dreg is
any of the 16 data registers.
Examples: IO(23) = AR0;
These ADSP-2186 pins must be connected only to the EZ-ICE
connector in the target system. These pins have no function
except during emulation, and do not require pull-up or
pull-down resistors. The traces for these signals between the
ADSP-2186 and the connector must be kept as short as pos-
sible, no longer than three inches.
AR1 = IO(17);
Description: The I/O space read and write instructions move
data between the data registers and the I/O
memory space.
DESIGNING AN EZ-ICE-COMPATIBLE SYSTEM
The following pins are also used by the EZ-ICE:
The ADSP-2186 has on-chip emulation support and an
ICE-Port, a special set of pins that interface to the EZ-ICE. These
features allow in-circuit emulation without replacing the target
system processor by using only a 14-pin connection from the
target system to the EZ-ICE. Target systems must have a 14-pin
connector to accept the EZ-ICE’s in-circuit probe, a 14-pin plug.
BR
RESET
BG
GND
The EZ-ICE uses the EE (emulator enable) signal to take con-
trol of the ADSP-2186 in the target system. This causes the
processor to use its ERESET, EBR and EBG pins instead of
the RESET, BR and BG pins. The BG output is three-stated.
These signals do not need to be jumper-isolated in your system.
Emulation Reset and the Mode Pins
The Mode A, B, and C pins are located on the rising edge of the
RESET signal. However, when the emulator reset (ERESET) is
asserted by the EZ-ICE, the DSP performs a chip reset, and the
initial mode information is erased, and the logic values on the
mode pins are latched. You must take into consideration the
value of the mode pins before issuing a chip reset command
from the EZ-ICE user interface. If you are using a passive
method of maintaining mode information (as discussed in Set-
ting Memory Modes) then it does not matter that the mode
information is latched by an emulator reset. However, if you are
using the RESET pin as a method of setting the value of the
mode pins, then you have to take into consideration the effects
of an emulator reset.
The EZ-ICE connects to your target system via a ribbon cable
and a 14-pin female plug. The female plug is plugged onto the
14-pin connector (a pin strip header) on the target board.
Target Board Connector for EZ-ICE Probe
The EZ-ICE connector (a standard pin strip header) is shown in
Figure 10. You must add this connector to your target board
design if you intend to use the EZ-ICE. Be sure to allow enough
room in your system to fit the EZ-ICE probe onto the 14-pin
connector.
1
3
2
BG
GND
One method of ensuring that the values located on the mode
pins is the one that is desired to construct a circuit like the one
shown in Figure 9. This circuit will force the value located on
the Mode C pin to zero; regardless if it latched via the RESET
or ERESET pin.
4
EBG
BR
5
6
8
EBR
EINT
7
KEY (NO PIN)
ELIN
9
10
12
14
ELOUT
EE
ECLK
ERESET
RESET
11
13
EMS
RESET
ERESET
TOP VIEW
ADSP-2186
Figure 10. Target Board Connector for EZ-ICE
1k⍀
The 14-pin, 2-row pin strip header is keyed at the Pin 7 loca-
tion—you must remove Pin 7 from the header. The pins must
be 0.025 inch square and at least 0.20 inch in length. Pin spac-
ing should be 0.1 × 0.1 inches. The pin strip header must have
at least 0.15-inch clearance on all sides to accept the EZ-ICE
probe plug. Pin strip headers are available from vendors such as
3M, McKenzie and Samtec.
MODE A/PFO
PROGRAMMABLE I/O
Figure 9. Boot Mode Circuit
REV. A
–12–
ADSP-2186
Target System Interface Signals
Target Memory Interface
When the EZ-ICE board is installed, the performance on some
system signals change. Design your system to be compatible
with the following system interface signal changes introduced by
the EZ-ICE board:
For your target system to be compatible with the EZ-ICE emu-
lator, it must comply with the memory interface guidelines listed
below.
PM, DM, BM, IOM, and CM
• EZ-ICE emulation introduces an 8 ns propagation delay
between your target circuitry and the DSP on the RESET
signal.
Design a Program Memory (PM), Data Memory (DM), Byte
Memory (BM), I/O Memory (IOM) and Composite Memory
(CM) external interfaces to comply with worst case device timing
requirements and switching characteristics as specified in this
DSP’s data sheet. The performance of the EZ-ICE may approach
published worst case specifications for some memory access
timing requirements and switching characteristics.
• EZ-ICE emulation introduces an 8 ns propagation delay
between your target circuitry and the DSP on the BR signal.
• EZ-ICE emulation ignores RESET and BR when single-
stepping.
Note: If your target does not meet the worst case chip specifica-
tions for memory access parameters, you may not be able to
emulate your circuitry at the desired CLKIN frequency. Depend-
ing on the severity of the specification violation, you may have
trouble manufacturing your system as DSP components statisti-
cally vary in switching characteristics and timing requirements
within published limits.
• EZ-ICE emulation ignores RESET and BR when in Emulator
Space (DSP halted).
• EZ-ICE emulation ignores the state of target BR in certain
modes. As a result, the target system may take control of the
DSP’s external memory bus only if bus grant (BG) is asserted
by the EZ-ICE board’s DSP.
Restriction: All memory strobe signals on the ADSP-2186 (RD,
WR, PMS, DMS, BMS, CMS and IOMS) used in your target
system must have 10 kΩ pull-up resistors connected when the
EZ-ICE is being used. The pull-up resistors are necessary
because there are no internal pull-ups to guarantee their state
during prolonged three-state conditions resulting from typical
EZ-ICE debugging sessions. These resistors may be removed at
your option when the EZ-ICE is not being used.
REV. A
–13–
ADSP-2186
SPECIFICATIONS
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
K Grade
B Grade
Parameter
Min
Max
Min
Max
Unit
VDD
TAMB
4.5
0
5.5
+70
4.5
–40
5.5
+85
V
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
K/B Grades
Typ
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min
Max
Unit
VIH
VIH
VIL
Hi-Level Input Voltage1, 2
Hi-Level CLKIN Voltage
Lo-Level Input Voltage1, 3
Hi-Level Output Voltage1, 4, 5
@ VDD = max
@ VDD = max
@ VDD = min
@ VDD = min
2.0
2.2
V
V
V
0.8
VOH
I
OH = –0.5 mA
2.4
V
@ VDD = min
IOH = –100 µA6
@ VDD = min
VDD – 0.3
V
VOL
IIH
Lo-Level Output Voltage1, 4, 5
Hi-Level Input Current3
I
OL = 2 mA
@ VDD = max
IN = VDDmax
0.4
10
10
10
10
V
V
µA
µA
µA
IIL
Lo-Level Input Current3
@ VDD = max
VIN = 0 V
IOZH
IOZL
Three-State Leakage Current7
Three-State Leakage Current7
@ VDD = max
V
IN = VDDmax8
@ VDD = max
V
IN = 0 V8, tCK = 25 ns
µA
mA
IDD
IDD
Supply Current (Idle)9
@ VDD = 5.0
@ VDD = 5.0
14
Supply Current (Dynamic)10, 11
T
AMB = +25°C
tCK = 34.7 ns
48
55
60
mA
mA
mA
t
t
CK = 30 ns
CK = 25 ns
CI
Input Pin Capacitance3, 6, 12
@ VIN = 2.5 V,
IN = 1.0 MHz,
f
TAMB = +25°C
@ VIN = 2.5 V,
8
8
pF
pF
CO
Output Pin Capacitance6, 7, 12, 13
f
IN = 1.0 MHz,
TAMB = +25°C
NOTES
1Bidirectional pins: D0–D23, RFS0, RFS1, SCLK0, SCLK1, TFS0, TFS1, A1–A13, PF0–PF7.
2Input only pins: RESET, BR, DR0, DR1, PWD.
3Input only pins: CLKIN, RESET, BR, DR0, DR1, PWD.
4Output pins: BG, PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS, CMS, RD, WR, PWDACK, A0, DT0, DT1, CLKOUT, FL2–0, BGH.
5Although specified for TTL outputs, all ADSP-2186 outputs are CMOS-compatible and will drive to VDD and GND, assuming no dc loads.
6Guaranteed but not tested.
7Three-statable pins: A0–A13, D0–D23, PMS, DMS, BMS, IOMS, CMS, RD, WR, DT0, DT1, SCLK0, SCLK1, TFS0, TFS1, RFS0, RFS1, PF0–PF7.
80 V on BR, CLKIN Inactive.
9Idle refers to ADSP-2186 state of operation during execution of IDLE instruction. Deasserted pins are driven to either V DD or GND.
10
I
measurement taken with all instructions executing from internal memory. 50% of the instructions are multifunction (types 1, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14), 30% are type 2
DD
and type 6, and 20% are idle instructions.
11
V
= 0 V and 3 V. For typical figures for supply currents, refer to Power Dissipation section.
IN
12Applies to LQFP package type.
13Output pin capacitance is the capacitive load for any three-stated output pin.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. A
–14–
ADSP-2186
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +7 V
Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V
Output Voltage Swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V
Operating Temperature Range (Ambient) . . –40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (5 sec) LQFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +280°C
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma-
nent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of
the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ESD SENSITIVITY
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the ADSP-2186 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on
devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are
recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
TIMING PARAMETERS
MEMORY TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL NOTES
The table below shows common memory device specifications
and the corresponding ADSP-2186 timing parameters, for your
convenience.
Use the exact timing information given. Do not attempt to
derive parameters from the addition or subtraction of others.
While addition or subtraction would yield meaningful results for
an individual device, the values given in this data sheet reflect
statistical variations and worst cases. Consequently, you cannot
meaningfully add up parameters to derive longer times.
Memory
ADSP-2186 Timing
Device
Timing
Parameter
Specification
Parameter Definition
TIMING NOTES
Address Setup to
Write Start
tASW
A0–A13, xMS Setup
Switching characteristics specify how the processor changes its
signals. You have no control over this timing—circuitry external
to the processor must be designed for compatibility with these
signal characteristics. Switching characteristics tell you what the
processor will do in a given circumstance. You can also use
switching characteristics to ensure that any timing requirement
of a device connected to the processor (such as memory) is
satisfied.
before WR Low
Address Setup to
Write End
tAW
A0–A13, xMS Setup
before WR Deasserted
Address Hold Time tWRA
A0–A13, xMS Hold before
WR Low
Data Setup Time
tDW
Data Setup before WR
High
Timing requirements apply to signals that are controlled by
circuitry external to the processor, such as the data input for a
read operation. Timing requirements guarantee that the proces-
sor operates correctly with other devices.
Data Hold Time
tDH
Data Hold after WR High
RD Low to Data Valid
OE to Data Valid
tRDD
Address Access Time tAA
A0–A13, xMS to Data
Valid
xMS = PMS, DMS, BMS, CMS, IOMS.
FREQUENCY DEPENDENCY FOR TIMING
SPECIFICATIONS
tCK is defined as 0.5 tCKI. The ADSP-2186 uses an input clock
with a frequency equal to half the instruction rate: a 20 MHz
input clock (which is equivalent to 50 ns) yields a 25 ns proces-
sor cycle (equivalent to 40 MHz). tCK values within the range of
0.5 tCKI period should be substituted for all relevant timing para-
meters to obtain the specification value.
Example: tCKH = 0.5 tCK – 7 ns = 0.5 (25 ns) – 7 ns = 5.5 ns
REV. A
–15–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Clock Signals and Reset
Timing Requirements:
tCKI
tCKIL
tCKIH
CLKIN Period
CLKIN Width Low
CLKIN Width High
50
20
20
150
ns
ns
ns
Switching Characteristics:
tCKL
tCKH
tCKOH
CLKOUT Width Low
CLKOUT Width High
CLKIN High to CLKOUT High
0.5 tCK – 7
0.5 tCK – 7
0
ns
ns
ns
20
Control Signals
Timing Requirements:
tRSP
tMS
tMH
RESET Width Low1
Mode Setup before RESET High
Mode Setup after RESET High
5 tCK
2
5
ns
ns
ns
NOTE
1Applies after power-up sequence is complete. Internal phase lock loop requires no more than 2000 CLKIN cycles assuming stable CLKIN (not including crystal
oscillator start-up time).
tCKI
tCKIH
CLKIN
tCKIL
tCKOH
tCKH
CLKOUT
tCKL
PF(2:0)
*
tMH
tMS
RESET
*
PF2 IS MODE C, PF1 IS MODE B, PF0 IS MODE A
Figure 11. Clock Signals
REV. A
–16–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Interrupts and Flag
Timing Requirements:
tIFS
tIFH
IRQx, FI, or PFx Setup before CLKOUT Low1, 2, 3, 4
IRQx, FI, or PFx Hold after CLKOUT High1, 2, 3, 4
0.25 tCK + 15
0.25 tCK
ns
ns
Switching Characteristics:
tFOH
Flag Output Hold after CLKOUT Low5
tFOD
Flag Output Delay from CLKOUT Low5
0.25 tCK – 7
ns
ns
0.5 tCK + 5
NOTES
1If IRQx and FI inputs meet tIFS and tIFH setup/hold requirements, they will be recognized during the current clock cycle; otherwise the signals will be recognized on the
following cycle. (Refer to “Interrupt Controller Operation” in the Program Control chapter of the ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual, Third Edition, for further informa-
tion on interrupt servicing.)
2Edge-sensitive interrupts require pulsewidths greater than 10 ns; level-sensitive interrupts must be held low until serviced.
3IRQx = IRQ0, IRQ1, IRQ2, IRQL0, IRQL1, IRQE.
4PFx = PF0, PF1, PF2, PF3, PF4, PF5, PF6, PF7.
5Flag outputs = PFx, FL0, FL1, FL2, Flag_out.
tFOD
CLKOUT
tFOH
FLAG
OUTPUTS
tIFH
IRQx
FI
PFx
tIFS
Figure 12. Interrupts and Flags
REV. A
–17–
ADSP-2186
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Bus Request–Bus Grant
Timing Requirements:
tBH
tBS
BR Hold after CLKOUT High1
BR Setup before CLKOUT Low1
0.25 tCK + 2
0.25 tCK + 17
ns
ns
Switching Characteristics:
tSD
tSDB
tSE
tSEC
tSDBH
tSEH
CLKOUT High to xMS, RD, WR Disable
0.25 tCK + 10
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
xMS, RD, WR Disable to BG Low
BG High to xMS, RD, WR Enable
xMS, RD, WR Enable to CLKOUT High
xMS, RD, WR Disable to BGH Low2
BGH High to xMS, RD, WR Enable2
0
0
0.25 tCK – 7
0
0
NOTES
xMS = PMS, DMS, CMS, IOMS, BMS.
1BR is an asynchronous signal. If BR meets the setup/hold requirements, it will be recognized during the current clock cycle; otherwise the signal will be recognized on
the following cycle. Refer to the ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual, Third Edition, for BR/BG cycle relationships.
2BGH is asserted when the bus is granted and the processor requires control of the bus to continue.
tBH
CLKOUT
BR
tBS
CLKOUT
PMS, DMS
BMS, RD
tSD
WR
tSEC
BG
tSDB
tSE
BGH
tSDBH
tSEH
Figure 13. Bus Request–Bus Grant
REV. A
–18–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Memory Read
Timing Requirements:
tRDD
tAA
tRDH
RD Low to Data Valid
A0–A13, xMS to Data Valid
Data Hold from RD High
0.5 tCK – 9 + w
0.75 tCK – 12.5 + w
ns
ns
ns
1
Switching Characteristics:
tRP
RD Pulsewidth
CLKOUT High to RD Low
A0–A13, xMS Setup before RD Low
A0–A13, xMS Hold after RD Deasserted
RD High to RD or WR Low
0.5 tCK – 5 + w
0.25 tCK – 5
0.25 tCK – 6
0.25 tCK – 3
0.5 tCK – 5
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tCRD
tASR
tRDA
tRWR
0.25 tCK + 7
w = wait states × tCK
.
xMS = PMS, DMS, CMS, IOMS, BMS.
CLKOUT
A0–A13
DMS, PMS,
BMS, IOMS,
CMS
tRDA
RD
tASR
tCRD
tRP
tRWR
D
tRDD
tRDH
tAA
WR
Figure 14. Memory Read
REV. A
–19–
ADSP-2186
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Memory Write
Switching Characteristics:
tDW
tDH
tWP
tWDE
tASW
tDDR
tCWR
tAW
Data Setup before WR High
Data Hold after WR High
WR Pulsewidth
WR Low to Data Enabled
A0–A13, xMS Setup before WR Low
Data Disable before WR or RD Low
CLKOUT High to WR Low
A0–A13, xMS, Setup before WR Deasserted
A0–A13, xMS Hold after WR Deasserted
WR High to RD or WR Low
0.5 tCK – 7+ w
0.25 tCK – 2
0.5 tCK – 5 + w
0
0.25 tCK – 6
0.25 tCK – 7
0.25 tCK – 5
0.75 tCK – 9 + w
0.25 tCK – 3
0.5 tCK – 5
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
0.25 tCK + 7
tWRA
tWWR
w = wait states × tCK
.
xMS = PMS, DMS, CMS, IOMS, BMS.
CLKOUT
A0–A13
DMS, PMS,
BMS, CMS,
IOMS
tWRA
WR
tWWR
tASW
tWP
tAW
tDH
tDDR
tCWR
D
tDW
tWDE
RD
Figure 15. Memory Write
REV. A
–20–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Serial Ports
Timing Requirements:
tSCK
tSCS
tSCH
tSCP
SCLK Period
50
4
8
ns
ns
ns
ns
DR/TFS/RFS Setup before SCLK Low
DR/TFS/RFS Hold after SCLK Low
SCLKIN Width
20
Switching Characteristics:
tCC
CLKOUT High to SCLKOUT
SCLK High to DT Enable
SCLK High to DT Valid
TFS/RFSOUT Hold after SCLK High
TFS/RFSOUT Delay from SCLK High
DT Hold after SCLK High
TFS (Alt) to DT Enable
TFS (Alt) to DT Valid
0.25 tCK
0
0.25 tCK + 10
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tSCDE
tSCDV
tRH
15
15
0
tRD
tSCDH
tTDE
tTDV
tSCDD
tRDV
0
0
14
15
15
SCLK High to DT Disable
RFS (Multichannel, Frame Delay Zero) to DT Valid
CLKOUT
tCC
tCC
tSCK
SCLK
tSCP
tSCP
tSCS
tSCH
DR
TFS
RFS
IN
IN
tRD
tRH
RFS
TFS
OUT
OUT
tSCDD
tSCDV
tSCDH
tSCDE
DT
tTDE
tTDV
TFS
OUT
ALTERNATE
FRAME MODE
tRDV
RFS
OUT
MULTICHANNEL MODE,
FRAME DELAY 0
(MFD = 0)
tTDE
tTDV
TFS
IN
ALTERNATE
FRAME MODE
tRDV
RFS
IN
MULTICHANNEL MODE,
FRAME DELAY 0
(MFD = 0)
Figure 16. Serial Ports
REV. A
–21–
ADSP-2186
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
IDMA Address Latch
Timing Requirements:
tIALP
tIASU
tIAH
tIKA
tIALS
Duration of Address Latch1, 2
10
5
3
0
3
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
IAD15–0 Address Setup before Address Latch End2
IAD15–0 Address Hold after Address Latch End2
IACK Low before Start of Address Latch1, 2
Start of Write or Read after Address Latch End2, 3
NOTES
1Start of Address Latch = IS Low and IAL High.
2End of Address Latch = IS High or IAL Low.
3Start of Write or Read = IS Low and IWR Low or IRD Low.
IACK
tIKA
IAL
tIALP
IS
tIASU
tIAH
IAD15–0
tIALS
IRD OR
IWR
Figure 17. IDMA Address Latch
REV. A
–22–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
IDMA Write, Short Write Cycle
Timing Requirements:
tIKW
tIWP
tIDSU
tIDH
IACK Low before Start of Write1
0
15
5
ns
ns
ns
ns
Duration of Write1, 2
IAD15–0 Data Setup before End of Write2, 3, 4
IAD15–0 Data Hold after End of Write2, 3, 4
2
Switching Characteristics:
tIKHW
Start of Write to IACK High
15
ns
NOTES
1Start of Write = IS Low and IWR Low.
2End of Write = IS High or IWR High.
3If Write Pulse ends before IACK Low, use specifications tIDSU, tIDH
.
4If Write Pulse ends after IACK Low, use specifications tIKSU, tIKH
.
tIKW
IACK
tIKHW
IS
tIWP
IWR
tIDH
tIDSU
IAD15–0
DATA
Figure 18. IDMA Write, Short Write Cycle
REV. A
–23–
ADSP-2186
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
IDMA Write, Long Write Cycle
Timing Requirements:
tIKW
tIKSU
tIKH
IACK Low before Start of Write1
0
ns
ns
ns
IAD15–0 Data Setup before IACK Low2, 3, 4
IAD15–0 Data Hold after IACK Low2, 3, 4
0.5 tCK + 10
2
Switching Characteristics:
tIKLW
Start of Write to IACK Low4
tIKHW Start of Write to IACK High
1.5 tCK
ns
ns
15
NOTES
1Start of Write = IS Low and IWR Low.
2If Write Pulse ends before IACK Low, use specifications tIDSU, tIDH
.
3If Write Pulse ends after IACK Low, use specifications tIKSU, tIKH
.
4This is the earliest time for IACK Low from Start of Write. For IDMA Write cycle relationships, please refer to the ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual.
tIKW
IACK
tIKHW
tIKLW
IS
IWR
tIKSU
tIKH
IAD15–0
DATA
Figure 19. IDMA Write, Long Write Cycle
REV. A
–24–
ADSP-2186
TIMING PARAMETERS
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
IDMA Read, Long Read Cycle
Timing Requirements:
tIKR
tIRK
IACK Low before Start of Read1
End Read after IACK Low2
0
2
ns
ns
Switching Characteristics:
tIKHR
tIKDS
tIKDH
tIKDD
tIRDE
tIRDV
tIRDH1
tIRDH2
IACK High after Start of Read1
15
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
IAD15–0 Data Setup before IACK Low
0.5 tCK – 10
0
IAD15–0 Data Hold after End of Read2
IAD15–0 Data Disabled after End of Read2
10
15
IAD15–0 Previous Data Enabled after Start of Read
IAD15–0 Previous Data Valid after Start of Read
IAD15–0 Previous Data Hold after Start of Read (DM/PM1)3
IAD15–0 Previous Data Hold after Start of Read (PM2)4
0
2 tCK – 5
tCK – 5
NOTES
1Start of Read = IS Low and IRD Low.
2End of Read = IS High or IRD High.
3DM read or first half of PM read.
4Second half of PM read.
IACK
IS
tIKHR
tIKR
tIRK
IRD
tIKDS
tIKDH
tIRDE
PREVIOUS
DATA
READ
DATA
IAD15–0
tIRDV
tIKDD
tIRDH
Figure 20. IDMA Read, Long Read Cycle
REV. A
–25–
ADSP-2186
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
IDMA Read, Short Read Cycle
Timing Requirements:
tIKR
tIRP
IACK Low before Start of Read1
Duration of Read
0
15
ns
ns
Switching Characteristics:
tIKHR
tIKDH
tIKDD
tIRDE
tIRDV
IACK High after Start of Read1
15
10
15
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
IAD15–0 Data Hold after End of Read2
0
0
IAD15–0 Data Disabled after End of Read2
IAD15–0 Previous Data Enabled after Start of Read
IAD15–0 Previous Data Valid after Start of Read
NOTES
1Start of Read = IS Low and IRD Low.
2End of Read = IS High or IRD High.
IACK
IS
tIKR
tIKHR
tIRP
IRD
tIKDH
tIRDE
PREVIOUS
DATA
IAD15–0
tIKDD
tIRDV
Figure 21. IDMA Read, Short Read Cycle
REV. A
–26–
ADSP-2186
2186 POWER, INTERNAL1,2,3
OUTPUT DRIVE CURRENTS
500
400
300
Figure 22 shows typical I-V characteristics for the output drivers
of the ADSP-2186. The curves represent the current drive
capability of the output drivers as a function of output voltage.
385mW
300mW
V
= 5.5V
DD
330mW
60
V
OH
250mW
180mW
V
= 5.0V
= 4.5V
DD
225mW
5.5V, –40؇C
4.5V, +85؇C
40
20
5.0V, +25؇C
200
100
0
V
DD
0
–20
–40
33.33
40
1/tcyc – MHz
4.5V, +85؇C
POWER, IDLE1,2,4
5.0V, +25؇C
100
80
60
40
20
0
91.5mW
70.5mW
52mW
V
= 5.5V
–60
–80
DD
5.5V, –40؇C
82mW
V
OL
V
V
= 5.0V
= 4.5V
DD
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
62mW
45mW
SOURCE VOLTAGE – Volts
DD
Figure 22. Typical Drive Currents
POWER DISSIPATION
To determine total power dissipation in a specific application,
the following equation should be applied for each output:
C × VDD2 × f
33.33
40
1/tcyc – MHz
C = load capacitance, f = output switching frequency.
POWER, IDLE n MODES2
Example
80
60
70.5mW
In an application where external data memory is used and no
other outputs are active, power dissipation is calculated as follows:
IDLE
62mW
Assumptions
• External data memory is accessed every cycle with 50% of the
address pins switching.
n
36.6mW
34.3mW
IDLE (16)
IDLE (128)
40
34.7mW
32.8mW
• External data memory writes occur every other cycle with
50% of the data pins switching.
20
0
• Each address and data pin has a 10 pF total load at the pin.
• The application operates at VDD = 5.0 V and tCK = 30 ns.
Total Power Dissipation = PINT + (C × VDD2 × f)
33.33
40
1/tcyc – MHz
P
INT = internal power dissipation from Power vs. Frequency
VALID FOR ALL TEMPERATURE GRADES.
1
graph (Figure 23).
(C × VDD2 × f) is calculated for each output:
POWER REFLECTS DEVICE OPERATING WITH NO OUTPUT LOADS.
TYPICAL POWER DISSIPATION AT 5.0V V AND T = +25؇C EXCEPT WHERE SPECIFIED.
2
DD
A
3
I
MEASUREMENT TAKEN WITH ALL INSTRUCTIONS EXECUTING FROM INTERNAL
DD
MEMORY. 50% OF THE INSTRUCTIONS ARE MULTIFUNCTION (TYPES 1, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14),
30% ARE TYPE 2 AND TYPE 6, AND 20% ARE IDLE INSTRUCTIONS.
IDLE REFERS TO ADSP-2186 STATE OF OPERATION DURING EXECUTION OF IDLE
# of
4
2
INSTRUCTION. DEASSERTED PINS ARE DRIVEN TO EITHER V OR GND.
DD
Pins
؋
C ؋
VDD ؋
f × 10 pF × 52 V
× 40 MHz = 80 mW
Figure 23. Power vs. Frequency
Address, DMS
Data Output, WR
RD
8
9
1
1
× 10 pF × 52 V
× 10 pF × 52 V
× 10 pF × 52 V
× 20 MHz = 45 mW
× 20 MHz = 5 mW
× 40 MHz = 10 mW
140 mW
CLKOUT
Total power dissipation for this example is PINT + 140 mW.
REV. A
–27–
ADSP-2186
CAPACITIVE LOADING
Figures 24 and 25 show the capacitive loading characteristics of
the ADSP-2186.
is calculated. If multiple pins (such as the data bus) are dis-
abled, the measurement value is that of the last pin to stop
driving.
30
INPUT
T = +85 C
1.5V
1.5V
OR
V
= 4.5V
DD
OUTPUT
25
20
15
10
5
Figure 26. Voltage Reference Levels for AC Measure-
ments (Except Output Enable/Disable)
Output Enable Time
Output pins are considered to be enabled when that have made
a transition from a high-impedance state to when they start
driving. The output enable time (tENA) is the interval from when
a reference signal reaches a high or low voltage level to when the
output has reached a specified high or low trip point, as shown
in the Output Enable/Disable diagram. If multiple pins (such as
the data bus) are enabled, the measurement value is that of the
first pin to start driving.
0
50
0
100
150
– pF
200
250
300
C
L
Figure 24. Typical Output Rise Time vs. Load Capacitance,
CL (at Maximum Ambient Operating Temperature)
REFERENCE
SIGNAL
tMEASURED
18
16
14
12
10
tENA
V
V
OH tDIS
OH
(MEASURED)
(MEASURED)
V
V
(MEASURED) – 0.5V
(MEASURED) + 0.5V
2.0V
1.0V
OH
OUTPUT
OL
V
V
OL
OL
tDECAY
(MEASURED)
(MEASURED)
8
6
4
OUTPUT STARTS
DRIVING
OUTPUT STOPS
DRIVING
HIGH-IMPEDANCE STATE. TEST CONDITIONS CAUSE
THIS VOLTAGE LEVEL TO BE APPROXIMATELY 1.5V.
2
NOMINAL
Figure 27. Output Enable/Disable
–2
–4
–6
I
OL
0
50
100
150
– pF
200
250
C
L
Figure 25. Typical Output Valid Delay or Hold vs. Load
Capacitance, CL (at Maximum Ambient Operating
Temperature)
TO
OUTPUT
PIN
+1.5V
50pF
TEST CONDITIONS
Output Disable Time
Output pins are considered to be disabled when they have
stopped driving and started a transition from the measured
output high or low voltage to a high impedance state. The out-
put disable time (tDIS) is the difference of tMEASURED and tDECAY
I
OH
Figure 28. Equivalent Device Loading for AC Measure-
ments (Including All Fixtures)
,
as shown in the Output Enable/Disable diagram. The time is the
interval from when a reference signal reaches a high or low
voltage level to when the output voltages have changed by 0.5 V
from the measured output high or low voltage. The decay time,
tDECAY, is dependent on the capacitive load, CL, and the current
load, iL, on the output pin. It can be approximated by the fol-
lowing equation:
CL × 0.5V
tDECAY
=
iL
from which
t
DIS = tMEASURED – tDECAY
REV. A
–28–
ADSP-2186
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
10k
Ambient Temperature Rating:
TAMB
TCASE
PD
θCA
θJA
=
=
=
=
=
=
TCASE – (PD x θCA)
Case Temperature in °C
Power Dissipation in W
Thermal Resistance (Case-to-Ambient)
Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Ambient)
Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case)
V
@ 5.6V
@ 5.0V
DD
1k
V
DD
100
θJC
Package
CA
10
1
JA
JC
LQFP
Mini-BGA
50°C/W
70.7°C/W
2°C/W
7.4°C/W
48°C/W
63.3°C/W
120
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE – ؇C
Figure 29. Power-Down Supply Current
REV. A
–29–
ADSP-2186
100-Lead LQFP Package Pinout
A4/IAD3
A5/IAD4
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
75 D15
74 D14
PIN 1
IDENTIFIER
D13
73
A6/IAD5
72 D12
71 GND
70 D11
69 D10
68 D9
A7/IAD6
A8/IAD7
A9/IAD8
A10/IAD9
A11/IAD10
67 VDD
66
A12/IAD11 10
A13/IAD12 11
GND 12
GND
65 D8
64
D7/IWR
ADSP-2186
13
63 D6/IRD
CLKIN
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
D5/IAL
D4/IS
GND
62
61
60
XTAL 14
VDD
CLKOUT
GND
15
16
17
59 VDD
VDD 18
WR
58 D3/IACK
57 D2/IAD15
19
RD 20
BMS 21
DMS 22
D1/IAD14
56
55 D0/IAD13
54 BG
PMS
53 EBG
23
24
IOMS
52 BR
51 EBR
CMS 25
REV. A
–30–
ADSP-2186
The ADSP-2186 package pinout is shown in the table below. Pin names in bold text replace the plain text named functions when
Mode C = 1. A + sign separates two functions when either function can be active for either major I/O mode. Signals enclosed in
brackets [ ] are state bits latched from the value of the pin at the deassertion of RESET.
LQFP Pin Configurations
LQFP
Pin
LQFP
Pin
LQFP
Pin
LQFP
Pin
Number
Name
Number
Name
Number
Name
Number
Name
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A4/IAD3
A5/IAD4
GND
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
IRQE + PF4
IRQL0 + PF5
GND
IRQL1 + PF6
IRQ2 + PF7
DT0
TFS0
RFS0
DR0
SCLK0
VDD
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
EBR
BR
EBG
BG
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
D16
D17
D18
D19
GND
D20
D21
D22
D23
FL2
FL1
FL0
PF3
PF2 [Mode C]
VDD
PWD
GND
PF1 [Mode B]
PF0 [Mode A]
BGH
PWDACK
A0
A1/IAD0
A2/IAD1
A3/IAD2
A6/IAD5
A7/IAD6
A8/IAD7
A9/IAD8
A10/IAD9
A11/IAD10
A12/IAD11
A13/IAD12
GND
CLKIN
XTAL
VDD
CLKOUT
GND
VDD
WR
RD
BMS
DMS
PMS
IOMS
CMS
D0/IAD13
D1/IAD14
D2/IAD15
D3/IACK
VDD
GND
D4/IS
D5/IAL
D6/IRD
D7/IWR
D8
GND
VDD
D9
D10
D11
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
DT1
TFS1
RFS1
DR1
GND
SCLK1
ERESET
RESET
EMS
EE
GND
D12
D13
D14
D15
ECLK
ELOUT
ELIN
EINT
REV. A
–31–
ADSP-2186
ADSP-2186 Mini-BGA (CA) Package Pinout
Bottom View
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
GND
GND
D22
NC
NC
NC
GND
NC
A0
GND
A1/IAD0
A2/IAD1
A
B
C
D
E
F
D16
D17
D18
D20
D23
VDD
GND
NC
NC
A5/IAD4
BGH
GND
A3/IAD2
A4/IAD3
D14
GND
D10
D9
NC
NC
D15
D12
VDD
D8
D19
D13
GND
D11
D21
NC
VDD
PF2
PWD
A7/IAD6
A9/IAD8
RD
NC
A6/IAD5 PWDACK
PF1
WR
VDD
NC
NC
[MODE C] [MODE B]
PF0
[MODE A]
GND
NC
GND
PF3
NC
FL2
NC
FL0
A8/IAD7
VDD
A11/
IAD10
A12/
IAD11
A13/
IAD12
D7/IWR
FL1
D4/ IS
GND
VDD
NC
NC
NC
GND
D5/IAL
D6/IRD
NC
NC
NC
VDD
VDD
DMS
A10/IAD9
GND
GND
GND
NC
NC
GND
VDD
NC
XTAL
CLKIN
CLKOUT
NC
G
D3/IACK D2/IAD15
TFS0
DT0
H
J
VDD
BR
D1/IAD14
EBR
BG
RFS1
D0/IAD13 SCLK0
VDD
EBG
ERESET
SCLK1
TFS1
RFS0
BMS
NC
K
L
IRQE
IRQL1
+
+
EINT
ELOUT
EE
ELIN
RESET
GND
GND
DR0
DR1
PMS
GND
GND
IOMS
CMS
NC
PF4
PF6
IRQL0
IRQ2
+
+
ECLK
EMS
NC
DT1
NC
M
PF5
PF7
REV. A
–32–
ADSP-2186
The ADSP-2186 Mini-BGA package pinout is shown in the table below. Pin names in bold text replace the plain text named func-
tions when Mode C = 1. A + sign separates two functions when either function can be active for either major I/O mode. Signals
enclosed in brackets [ ] are state bits latched from the value of the pin at the deassertion of RESET.
Mini-BGA Package Pinout
Ball #
A01
A02
A03
A04
A05
A06
A07
A08
A09
A10
A11
A12
B01
B02
B03
B04
B05
B06
B07
B08
B09
B10
B11
B12
C01
C02
C03
C04
C05
C06
C07
C08
C09
C10
C11
C12
Name
A2/IAD1
A1/IAD0
GND
A0
Ball #
D01
D02
D03
D04
D05
D06
D07
D08
D09
D10
D11
D12
E01
E02
E03
E04
E05
E06
E07
E08
E09
E10
E11
E12
F01
F02
F03
F04
F05
F06
F07
F08
F09
F10
F11
F12
Name
N/C
Ball #
G01
G02
G03
G04
G05
G06
G07
G08
G09
G10
G11
G12
H01
H02
H03
H04
H05
H06
H07
H08
H09
H10
H11
H12
J01
Name
XTAL
N/C
Ball #
K01
K02
K03
K04
K05
K06
K07
K08
K09
K10
K11
K12
L01
L02
L03
L04
L05
Name
N/C
WR
N/C
N/C
GND
N/C
BGH
A10/IAD9
N/C
BMS
N/C
A9/IAD8
PF1[MODE B]
PF2[MODE C]
N/C
DMS
GND
N/C
N/C
RFS0
TFS1
SCLK1
ERESET
EBR
N/C
N/C
D6/IRD
D5/IAL
N/C
N/C
D13
D22
D12
GND
GND
A4/IAD3
A3/IAD2
GND
N/C
N/C
N/C
BR
GND
D4/IS
CLKIN
GND
EBG
VDD
IRQE+PF4
N/C
VDD
A8/IAD7
FL0
GND
IRQL1+PF6
IOMS
GND
PMS
GND
N/C
PF0[MODE A]
FL2
VDD
GND
VDD
D23
DT0
L06
L07
L08
PF3
TFS0
D2/IAD15
D3/IACK
GND
DR0
GND
GND
RESET
ELIN
ELOUT
EINT
IRQL0+PF5
IRQ2+PF7
N/C
D20
GND
L09
D18
VDD
L10
L11
L12
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M07
M08
M09
M10
M11
M12
D17
GND
N/C
D16
D10
GND
PWDACK
A6/IAD5
RD
A13/IAD12
N/C
CLKOUT
VDD
J02
A12/IAD11
A11/IAD10
FL1
J03
N/C
A5/IAD4
A7/IAD6
PWD
VDD
D21
J04
VDD
CMS
J05
VDD
GND
DT1
N/C
J06
SCLK0
D0/IAD13
RFS1
N/C
J07
DR1
D7/IWR
D11
J08
GND
N/C
D19
J09
BG
D15
D8
J10
D1/IAD14
VDD
EMS
N/C
N/C
J11
EE
D14
D9
J12
VDD
ECLK
REV. A
–33–
ADSP-2186
ORDERING GUIDE
Ambient
Temperature
Range
Instruction
Rate
(MHz)
Package
Description
Package
Option*
Part Number
ADSP-2186KST-115
ADSP-2186BST-115
ADSP-2186KST-133
ADSP-2186BST-133
ADSP-2186KST-160
ADSP-2186BST-160
ADSP-2186BCA-160
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
0°C to +70°C
–40°C to +85°C
–40°C to +85°C
28.8
28.8
33.3
33.3
40.0
40.0
40.0
100-Lead LQFP
100-Lead LQFP
100-Lead LQFP
100-Lead LQFP
100-Lead LQFP
100-Lead LQFP
144-Ball Mini-BGA
ST-100
ST-100
ST-100
ST-100
ST-100
ST-100
CA-144
*ST = Plastic Thin Quad Flatpack (LQFP); CA = Mini-BGA.
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
100-Lead Metric Thin Plastic Quad Flatpack (LQFP)
(ST-100)
0.638 (16.20)
0.630 (16.00) TYP SQ
0.622 (15.80)
0.553 (14.05)
TYP SQ
0.551 (14.00)
0.549 (13.95)
0.063 (1.60) MAX
0.030 (0.75)
0.024 (0.60) TYP
0.020 (0.50)
100
1
76
75
12°
TYP
SEATING
PLANE
TOP VIEW
(PINS DOWN)
0.003
(0.08)
MAX LEAD
COPLANARITY
25
26
51
50
6° ± 4°
0° – 7°
0.006 (0.15)
0.002 (0.05)
0.020 (0.50)
BSC
0.011 (0.27)
0.009 (0.22) TYP
0.007 (0.17)
LEAD PITCH
LEAD WIDTH
NOTE:
THE ACTUAL POSITION OF EACH LEAD IS WITHIN (0.08) 0.0032 FROM ITS
IDEAL POSITION WHEN MEASURED IN THE LATERAL DIRECTION.
CENTER FIGURES ARE TYPICAL UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED
REV. A
–34–
ADSP-2186
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (millimeters).
144-Ball Mini-BGA
(CA-144)
0.398 (10.10)
0.394 (10.00) SQ
0.390 (9.90)
12 11 10
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
A
B
C
D
E
F
0.346
(8.80)
BSC
0.398 (10.10)
0.394 (10.00) SQ
0.390 (9.90)
TOP VIEW
G
H
J
0.031
(0.80)
BSC
K
L
M
0.031 (0.80) BSC
0.346 (8.80) BSC
DETAIL A
0.053 (1.35)
0.049 (1.25)
0.045 (1.15)
0.010
(0.25)
DETAIL A
0.030 (0.75)
0.028 (0.70)
0.026 (0.65)
MAX
0.014 (0.35)
NOTE
0.012 (0.30)
0.010 (0.25)
THE ACTUAL POSITION OF THE BALL GRID IS
WITHIN 0.006 (0.150) OF ITS IDEAL POSITION
RELATIVE TO THE PACKAGE EDGES. THE ACTUAL
POSITION OF EACH BALL IS WITHIN 0.002 (0.05)
OF ITS IDEAL POSITION RELATIVE TO THE BALL
GRID.
0.018 (0.45)
0.016 (0.40)
0.014 (0.35)
0.006
(0.15)
MAX
SEATING
PLANE
BALL DIAMETER
REV. A
–35–
–36–
相关型号:
ADSP-2186BST-160X
IC 24-BIT, 40 MHz, OTHER DSP, PQFP100, METRIC, PLASTIC, TQFP-100, Digital Signal Processor
ADI
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