ALD810018SCLI [ALD]

4-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB;


型号：	ALD810018SCLI
厂家：	ADVANCED LINEAR DEVICES
描述：	4-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB 局域网 PC
文件：	总4页 (文件大小：83K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

ADVANCED

LINEAR

DEVICES, INC.

SABMB16 / SABMB810025

SABMB910025 / SABMB8100XX / SABMB9100XX

EPAD

4-CHANNEL SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

SABMB910025 is a SABMB16 board with two ALD910025SALI

installed and tested. These are rated for industrial tempurature of

-40°C to +85°C.

The SABMB16 is a 4-channel universal Printed Circuit Board

(PCB) designed to be used with the entire ALD8100XX and

ALD9100XX family of SAB™ MOSFETs for system designers and

application developers. SAB MOSFETs are exclusive EPAD

The SABMB16 board includes the following features for flexibility

in a variety of different applications:

MOSFETs that address leakage and voltage balance of

supercapacitor cells connected in series. Imbalance of leakage

currents, although much smaller in magnitude than charging or

discharging currents, need to be balanced, as leakage currents

are long-term DC values that integrate and accumulate over time.

SAB MOSFETs and the SABMB16 boards are compact,

economical and effective in balancing any size supercapacitors

with little or no additional power dissipation. Each SABMB16 can

balance two to four supercapacitors in a series stack. These boards

can be cascaded to balance multiple series stacks of up to four

supercapacitors each.

1) Two ALD9100XX dual or one ALD8100XX quad SAB

MOSFET units installed per board.

2) Two ALD9100XX and one ALD8100XX can be installed

on the same SABMB16 board. The two ALD9100XX are

connected in series, whereas the ALD8100XX is

connected in parallel to the two ALD9100XX units.

3) Optional R1 and R2 resistors can be installed with values

ranging from open circuit to 0.0Ω.

4) Optional reverse biased external clamping power diodes

(schottky rectifiers) can be installed, on board where

necessary, across each SAB MOSFET.

5) Multiple SABMB16 PCBs can be cascaded to form a

series chain, paralleling a series-connected chain of

supercapacitor cells.

6) Compact size of 0.6 in. by 1.6 in. with mounting holes.

7) Rated for RoHS compatible/industrial temperature range

of -40°C to +85°C.

The SABMB16 is a simple, out-of-the-box plug-and-play PCB

solution for development, prototyping, demonstration and

evaluation, or production deployment. It is suited for balancing

supercapacitor stacks ranging from two in series to hundreds in

series, and for supercapacitors of 0.1F to 3000F and beyond. The

average additional power dissipation due to use of SABMB boards

is zero, which makes this method of supercapacitor balancing

very energy efficient. It is especially suited for low loss energy

harvesting and long life battery operated applications.

MECHANICAL DRAWING

Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors, when connected

two, three or four cells in series can be balanced withALD8100XX/

ALD9100XX packages installed on the SABMB16 board.

Supercapacitors, when connected more than four cells in series,

can be balanced with more than one SABMB16 board (each with

ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX packages installed).

V+

SABMB16 is a blank PCB, ready for either ALD8100XX or

ALD9100XX to be installed. For example, SABMB810025 is a

SABMB16 board with one ALD810025SCLI installed and tested.

ORDERING INFORMATION

1600 mil

Part Number

Decription

SABMB16

Blank Universal PCB

SABMB810025

SABMB910025

SABMB16 Board with one ALD810025SCLI

SABMB16 Board with two ALD910025SALI

SABMB8100XX SABMB16 Board with one ALD8100XXSCLI

SABMB9100XX SABMB16 Board with two ALD9100XXSALI

V-

Note: SABMB8100XX/SABMB9100XX are optional with

specific ALD8100XXSCLI or ALD9100XXSALI unit(s) installed.

XX = 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.

600 mil

See page 4 for full listing of part numbers.

* Magnified, not to scale

www.aldinc.com

1 of 4

SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB

Any number of SABMB16 boards can be daisy-chain connected

TheALD8100XX/ALD9100XX SAB MOSFET family offers the user

a selection of different threshold voltages for various

supercapacitor nominal voltage values and desired leakage

balancing characteristics. Each SAB MOSFET generally requires

connecting its V+ pin to the most positive voltage and its V- and

IC pins to the most negative voltage within the package. Note

that each Drain pin has an internal reverse biased diode to its

Source pin, and each Gate pin has an internal reverse biased

diode to V-. All other pins must have voltages within V+ and V-

voltage limits within the same package unit.

in series. For example, three SABMB16 boards, each with an

ALD810025SCLI installed, can be connected in series to a 30V

power supply, provided care is taken to insure that each SABMB16

board V- is connected to the V+ of the next SABMB16 board in

series, such that each board would not have internal voltages from

V+ to V- exceeding 10V (30V/3 = 10V).

The ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX is rated for reverse bias diode

currents of up to 80mA maximum for each SAB MOSFET on board.

Any reverse bias condition as a result of changing supercapacitor

voltages, especially during fast supercapacitor discharge, could

lead to some internal nodes temporally reverse biased with surge

current in excess of this limit. The SABMB16 board has additional

optional TO277 footprints for mounting external schottky rectifiers

(power diodes) to clamp such current transients. The user is

advised to determine the various power and current limits, including

temperature and heat dissipation considerations, when selecting

a suitable component for such purpose. The appropriate level of

derating and margin allowance must also be added to assure long

term reliability of the PCB board.

Standard ESD protection facilities and handling procedures for

static sensitive devices must also be used while installing the

ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX units. Once installed, the connection

configuration will protect the ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX units from

ESD damage. When connected to a supercapacitor stack, the

ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX is further protected from virtually any

ESD damage due to the large capacitance of the supercapacitors,

which sinks any ESD charge and thereby reduces any of the

terminal voltages to minimal harmless values.

SABMB16 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

SUPERCAPACITORS

The SABMB16 Printed Circuit Board is supplied as a blank PCB

board, made with RoHS compliant FR4 material, ready for

mounting of up to two 8-lead ALD9100XX units or one 16-lead

ALD8100XX unit. These units are also supplied and available with

a 6-digit suffix, which denotes the specific ALD9100XX or

ALD8100XX component mounted and tested on the PCB. All that

is required of the user is to mount the PCB and wire the appropriate

connections from the SABMB16 board to the respective

supercapacitor nodes.

Supercapacitors are typically rated with a nominal recommended

working voltage established for long life at their maximum rated

operating temperature. Excessive supercapacitor voltages that

exceed the supercapacitor’s rated voltage for a prolonged time

period will result in reduced operating life and eventual rupture

and catastrophic failure. To prevent such an occurrence, a means

of automatically adjusting (charge-balancing) and monitoring the

maximum voltage is required in most applications having two or

more supercapacitors connected in series, due to the different

internal leakage currents that vary from one supercapacitor to

another.

Each SABMB16 Printed Circuit Board has two 8-lead SOIC

footprints, for up to two ALD9100XX units, and a 16-lead SOIC

footprint, for one ALD8100XX, which is parallel connected to the

two ALD9100XX footprints (See schematic diagram). It has

terminals labeled V+, A to E, and V-. Each of these terminals has

two wiring holes for easier connection of the same terminal node

to two external connection points. V+ is directly connected to

terminal A, which must be connected to the most positive voltage

for the individual SABMB16 PCB board. V- is directly connected

to terminal E, which must be connected to the most negative

voltage present for the same SABMB16 board. All other terminals,

namely B, C and D, must have voltages between V+ and V- for

proper operation of the board. When cascade or daisy-chain

connected, each SABMB16 board is self-contained and rated for

15.0V maximum.

Each supercapacitor has a tolerance difference in capacitance,

internal resistance and leakage current. These differences create

imbalance in cell voltages, which must be balanced so that any

individual cell voltage does not exceed its rated max. voltage.

Initially, cell voltage imbalance is caused by capacitance value

differences. Supercapacitors selected from the same manufacturer

make and model batch can be measured and matched to deliver

reasonable initial cell voltages. Next, cell voltage imbalance due

to individual cell leakage currents must be compensated.

The supercapacitor leakage current itself is a variable function of

its many parameters such as aging, initial leakage current at zero

input voltage, the material/construction of the supercapacitor, and

the operating bias voltage. Its leakage is also a function of the

charging voltage, the charging current, operating temperature

range and the rate of change of many of these parameters.

Supercapacitor balancing must accommodate these changing

conditions.

When two supercapacitors are installed to be balanced by SAB

MOSFETs, a single ALD9100XX unit can be mounted on either

one of two 8-lead SOIC footprints on the SABMB16. The user

then needs to connect the unused circuit traces to the appropriate

terminals so that V+ and V- remain the most positive voltage and

the most negative voltage for that SABMB16 board, respectively.

For example, if only one ALD9100XX is used for the upper SOIC

footprint, terminal C can be connected to terminal E, or V-. One

convenient way to make this connection on board is to install R2

with a value equal to 0 Ω or use an external wire.

By using the appropriate ALD SAB MOSFET and the appropriate

SABMBXX board, users can compensate for all of these causes

of imbalance and automatically balance supercapacitors.

SABMB16/SABMB810025/SABMB910025

SABMB8100XX/SABMB9100XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

2 of 4

SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB

CONNECTION TO OTHER SABMBxx PCBs

ENERGY HARVESTING APPLICATIONS

The SABMB16 is compatible with other SABMBXX boards and is

designed to be used along with other SABMBXX boards connected

in series to achieve balancing the corresponding number of

supercapacitors installed in a series stack. For example, five

supercapacitors in series can be balanced with one SABMB16

PCB and one SABMB2 PCB connected in series.

Supercapacitors offer an important benefit for energy harvesting

applications from a low energy source, by buffering and storing

such energy to drive a higher power load.

For energy harvesting applications, supercapacitor leakage

currents are a critical factor, as the average energy harvesting

input charge must exceed the average supercapacitor internal

leakage currents in order for any net energy to be harvested and

saved. Often, the input energy is variable, meaning that its input

voltage and current magnitude are not constant and may be

dependent upon a whole set of other parameters such as the

source energy availability, energy sensor conversion efficiency,

changing environmental conditions, etc.

For more information on the CHARACTERISTICS OF

SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING (SAB^TM) MOSFETS,

please refer to the following documents:

* ALD8100XX/ALD9100XX FAMILY of SUPERCAPACITOR

AUTO BALANCING (SAB^TM) MOSFET ARRAYS

* Individual datasheet for chosen SAB MOSFET.

CAUTION:

SAB MOSFETs used for charge balancing, due to their high input

threshold voltages, would be completely turned off initially,

consuming zero drain current while the supercapacitor is being

charged, maximizing any energy harvesting gathering efforts. The

SAB MOSFET does not become active until the supercapacitor is

already charged to over 90% of its max. rated voltage. The trickle

charging of supercapacitors with energy harvesting techniques

tends to work well with SAB MOSFETs as charge balancing

devices, as it is less likely to have high transient energy spurts

resulting in excessive voltage or current excursions.

Users must limit the voltage across any ALD9100XX chip to

15.0V max.

SABMB16 PCB CONNECTION TO

SUPERCAPACITORS C1, C2, C3, C4

V+

ꢀ

If an energy harvesting source only provides a few µA of current,

the power budget does not allow wasting any of this current on

capacitor leakage currents and power dissipation of resistor or

operational amplifier based charge-balancing circuits. It may also

be important to reduce long term leakage currents, as energy

harvesting charging at low levels may take up to many days.

ꢀ

In summary, in order for an energy harvesting application to be

successful, the input energy harvested must exceed all the energy

required, due to the leakages of the supercapacitors and the

charge-balancing circuits, plus any load requirements. With their

unique balancing characteristics and near-zero charge loss, SAB

MOSFETs are ideal devices for use in supercapacitor charge-

balancing in energy harvesting applications.

V-

V- TO NEXT BOARD V+

V+ TO NEXT BOARD V-

V+

ꢀ

BATTERY POWERED APPLICATIONS

ꢀ

Many battery powered circuits requiring a supercapacitor to boost

power output can benefit from using SAB MOSFETs for

supercapacitor balancing. The additional power burn by using SAB

MOSFETs for supercapacitor stack balancing can actually be

negative, as adding SAB MOSFETs can save supercapacitor

leakage current and associated power dissipation by lowering the

operating bias voltage of the leakier supercapacior. Applications

that depend on long life battery usage must take into account the

supercapacitor leakage current and balancing circuit power burn

because the currents involved are steady state DC currents that

are continuous throughout the lifetime of the application and its

battery life. The average power dissipation with the addition of the

SABMB16 board is zero, provided the selection of the operating

voltages and SAB MOSFETs are appropriate for the leakage

currents of the supercapacitors specified.

V-

V- TO NEXT BOARD V+

V+ TO NEXT BOARD V-

V+

ꢀ

* Magnified, not to scale

SABMB16/SABMB810025/SABMB910025

SABMB8100XX/SABMB9100XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

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SUPERCAPACITOR AUTO BALANCING PCB

SABMB16 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

ALD 8100xx

< +15.0V

ID (ON) < 80 mA

V+

3, 8

2,12

ALD9100XX

STACK 1

1, 5

3, 8

ALD9100XX

STACK 2

1, 5

1,5,8,16

V-

NOTES

1. R1, R2: USER SPECIFIED VALUES

FROM OPEN CIRCUIT TO ZERO

(0.0) OHMS

3. D1, D2, D3, D4: OPTIONAL SCHOTTKY

RECTIFIER FOR REVERSE CURRENT

CLAMPING (TO277 FOOTPRINT)

2. U1: 16L SOIC ALD8100XXSCLI

U2, U3: 8L SOIC ALD9100XXSALI

4. C1, C2, C3, C4: SUPERCAPACITORS

EXTERNAL TO THE SABMB16 PCB

PCB PRODUCT PART NUMBERS

SABMB16

(blank PC Board)

SABMB810016 (SAMB16 with one ALD810016SCLI)

SABMB810017 (SAMB16 with one ALD810017SCLI)

SABMB810018 (SAMB16 with one ALD810018SCLI)

SABMB810019 (SAMB16 with one ALD810019SCLI)

SABMB810020 (SAMB16 with one ALD810020SCLI)

SABMB810021 (SAMB16 with one ALD810021SCLI)

SABMB810022 (SAMB16 with one ALD810022SCLI)

SABMB810023 (SAMB16 with one ALD810023SCLI)

SABMB810024 (SAMB16 with one ALD810024SCLI)

SABMB810025 (SAMB16 with one ALD810025SCLI)

SABMB810026 (SAMB16 with one ALD810026SCLI)

SABMB810027 (SAMB16 with one ALD810027SCLI)

SABMB810028 (SAMB16 with one ALD810028SCLI)

SABMB910016 (SAMB16 with two ALD910016SALI)

SABMB910017 (SAMB16 with two ALD910017SALI)

SABMB910018 (SAMB16 with two ALD910018SALI)

SABMB910019 (SAMB16 with two ALD910019SALI)

SABMB910020 (SAMB16 with two ALD910020SALI)

SABMB910021 (SAMB16 with two ALD910021SALI)

SABMB910022 (SAMB16 with two ALD910022SALI)

SABMB910023 (SAMB16 with two ALD910023SALI)

SABMB910024 (SAMB16 with two ALD910024SALI)

SABMB910025 (SAMB16 with two ALD910025SALI)

SABMB910026 (SAMB16 with two ALD910026SALI)

SABMB910027 (SAMB16 with two ALD910027SALI)

SABMB910028 (SAMB16 with two ALD910028SALI)

SABMB16/SABMB810025/SABMB910025

SABMB8100XX/SABMB9100XX

Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.

4 of 4

ALD810018SCLI [ALD]

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