AT88SC1616CRF [ATMEL]
13.56 MHz CryptoRF® EEPROM Memory 16 Kbits; 13.56 MHz的CryptoRF® EEPROM存储器16千位
| 型号： | AT88SC1616CRF |
| 厂家： | 
ATMEL |
| 描述： | 13.56 MHz CryptoRF® EEPROM Memory 16 Kbits |
| 文件： | 总10页 (文件大小：165K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Features
• One of a Family of Devices with User Memory of 1 Kbit to 64 Kbits
• Contactless 13.56 MHz RF Communications Interface
⎯ ISO/IEC 14443-2:2001 Type B Compliant
⎯ ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001 Type B Compliant Anticollision Protocol
⎯ Command Set Optimized for Multicard RF Communications
⎯ Tolerant of Type A Signaling for Multiprotocol Applications
• Integrated 82 pF Tuning Capacitor
• User EEPROM Memory
13.56 MHz
CryptoRF®
⎯ 16 Kbits Configured as Sixteen 128-byte (1-Kbit) User Zones
⎯ Byte, Page, and Partial Page Write Modes
EEPROM Memory
16 Kbits
⎯ Self-timed Write Cycle
• 256-byte (2-Kbit) Configuration Zone
⎯ User-programmable Application Family Identifier (AFI)
⎯ User-defined Anticollision Polling Response
AT88SC1616CRF
Summary
⎯ User-defined Keys and Passwords
• High-Security Features
⎯ 64-bit Mutual Authentication Protocol (under license of ELVA)
⎯ Encrypted Checksum
⎯ Stream Encryption
⎯ Four Key Sets for Authentication and Encryption
⎯ Eight Sets of Two 24-bit Passwords
⎯ Password and Authentication Attempts Counters
⎯ Selectable Access Rights by Zone
⎯ Antitearing Function
⎯ Tamper Sensors
• High Reliability
⎯ Endurance: 100,000 Write Cycles
⎯ Data Retention: 10 Years
⎯ Operating Temperature: −40°C to +85°C
Description
The CryptoRF® family integrates a 13.56 MHz RF interface into a CryptoMemory®,
resulting in a contactless smart card with advanced security and cryptographic
features. This device is optimized as a contactless secure memory, for RF smart
cards, and secure data storage, without the requirement of an internal
microprocessor.
5026DS–CRRF–03/09
For communications, the RF interface utilizes the ISO/IEC 14443-2 and -3 Type B bit timing and signal modulation schemes,
and the ISO/IEC 14443-3 Slot-MARKER Anticollision Protocol. Data is exchanged half duplex at a 106-kbit/s rate, with a
two-byte CRC_B providing error detection capability. The maximum communication range between the reader antenna and
contactless card is approximately 10 cm when used with an RFID reader that transmits the maximum ISO/IEC 14443-2 RF
power level. The RF interface powers the other circuits; no battery is required. Full compliance with the ISO/IEC 14443-2 and -3
standards results in anticollision interoperability with the AT88RF020 2-Kbit RFID EEPROM product and provides both a proven
RF communication interface and a robust anticollision protocol.
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AT88SC1616CRF
The AT88SC1616CRF contains 16 Kbits of user memory and 2 Kbits of configuration memory. The 2 Kbits of configuration
memory contain eight sets of read/write passwords, four crypto key sets, security access registers for each user zone, and
password/key registers for each zone.
The CryptoRF command set is optimized for a multicard RF communications environment. A programmable AFI register allows
this IC to be used in numerous applications in the same geographic area with seamless discrimination of cards assigned to a
particular application during the anticollision process.
1.
Block Diagram
Figure 1.
Block Diagram
RF Interface
AC1
Command
and
EEPROM
Response
Data Transfer
Over
Voltage
Clamp
r
e
i
C
f
i
VDD
t
Regulator
c
e
R
VSS
Password
Verification
Authentication
Encryption
and
Certification
Unit
Frame
Formatting
and
Error
Detection
Interface
AC2
Anticollision
Clock
Extraction
Data
Extraction
Random Number
Generator
3
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2.
Communications
All personalization and communication with this device is performed through the RF interface. The IC includes an
integrated tuning capacitor, enabling it to operate with only the addition of a single external coil antenna.
The RF communications interface is fully compliant with the electrical signaling and RF power specifications in ISO/IEC
14443-2:2001 for Type B only. Anticollision operation and frame formatting are compliant with ISO/IEC 14443-3:2001
for Type B only.
ISO/IEC 14443 nomenclature is used in this specification where applicable. The following abbreviations are utilized
throughout this document. Additional terms are defined in the section in which they are used.
• PCD – Proximity Coupling Device: the reader/writer and antenna
• PICC – Proximity Integrated Circuit Card: the tag/card containing the IC and antenna
• RFU – Reserved for Future Use: any feature, memory location, or bit that is held as reserved for future use
• $ xx – Hexadecimal Number: denotes a hex number “xx” (Most Significant Bit on left)
2.1.
Anticollision Protocol
When the PICC enters the 13.56 MHz RF field of the host reader (PCD), it performs a power on reset (POR) function
and waits silently for a valid Type B polling command. The CryptoRF PICC processes the antitearing registers as part
of the POR process.
The PCD initiates the anticollision process by issuing an REQB or WUPB command. The WUPB command activates
any card (PICC) in the field with a matching AFI code. The REQB command performs the same function but does not
affect a PICC in the Halt state. The CryptoRF command set is available only after the anticollision process has been
completed.
2.2.
2.3.
CRC Error Detection
A two-byte CRC_B is required in each frame transmitted by the PICC or PCD to permit transmission error detection.
The CRC_B is calculated on all of the command and data bytes in the frame. The SOF, EOF, start bits, stop bits, and
EGT are not included in the CRC_B calculation. The two-byte CRC_B follows the data bytes in the frame.
Figure 2.
Location of the Two CRC_B Bytes within a Frame
SOF
K data bytes
CRC1
CRC2
EOF
Type A Tolerance
The RF Interface is designed for use in multiprotocol applications. It will not latch or lock up if exposed to Type A
signals and will not respond to them. The PICC may reset in the presence of Type A field modulation but is not
damaged by exposure to Type A signals.
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AT88SC1616CRF
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AT88SC1616CRF
3.
User Memory
The EEPROM user memory is divided into 16 user zones as shown in the memory map in Table 1. Multiple zones
allow for different types of data or files to be stored in different zones. Access to the user zones is allowed only after
security requirements have been met. These security requirements are defined by the user in the configuration memory
during personalization of the device. The EEPROM memory page length is 16 bytes.
Table 1.
Memory Map
Zone
$0
$1
$2
$3
$4
$5
$6
$7
$00
-
-
128 Bytes
User 0
$78
$00
-
User 1
-
-
-
-
User 14
$78
$00
-
128 Bytes
User 15
-
$78
4.
Configuration Memory
The configuration memory consists of 2048 bits of EEPROM memory used for storing system data, passwords, keys,
codes, and security-level definitions for each user zone. Access rights to the configuration zone are defined in the
control logic and may not be altered by the user. These access rights include the ability to program certain portions of
the configuration memory and then lock the data written through use of the security fuses.
4.1.
Security Fuses
There are three fuses on the device that must be blown during the device personalization process. Each fuse locks
certain portions of the configuration memory as OTP memory. Fuses are designated for the module manufacturer, card
manufacturer and card issuer and must be blown in sequence.
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5026DS–CRRF–03/09
5.
Communication Security
Communication between the PICC and reader operates in three basic modes. Standard mode is the default mode for
the device after power-up and anticollision. Authentication mode is activated by a successful authentication sequence.
Encryption mode is activated by a successful encryption activation, following a successful authentication.
Table 2.
Configuration Security Modes
Mode User Data
Passwords
clear
Data Integrity Check
MDC(1)
Standard
clear
clear
Authentication
Encryption
encrypted
encrypted
MAC(2)
MAC(2)
encrypted
Note: 1. Modification Detection Code
2. Message Authentication Code
5.1.
Security Methodology
Figure 3.
Security Methodology
Device (Card)
Card Number
VERIFY A
Host (Reader)
COMPUTE Challenge A
Challenge A
COMPUTE Challenge B
Challenge B
VERIFY B
Check Password (RPW)
DATA
Read Password (RPW)
VERIFY CS (optional)
Checksum (CS)
Check Password (WPW)
VERIFY CS
Write Password (WPW)
DATA
CS
Write DATA
5.2.
Memory Access
Depending on the device configuration, the host will carry out the authentication protocol and/or present different
passwords for each operation: read or write. To insure security between the different user zones (multiapplication
card), each zone can use a different set of passwords. A specific attempts counter for each password and for the
authentication provides protection against systematic attacks.
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AT88SC1616CRF
5026DS–CRRF–03/09
AT88SC1616CRF
6.
Security Operations
Antitearing
6.1.
In the event of a power loss during a write cycle, the integrity of the device’s stored data may be recovered. This
function is optional: the host may choose to activate the antitearing function depending on application requirements.
When antitearing is active, write commands take longer to execute since more write cycles are required to complete
them. Data writes are limited to 8-byte pages when antitearing is active.
Data is written first to a buffer zone in EEPROM instead of to the intended destination address, but with the same
access conditions. The data is then written to the required location. If this second write cycle is interrupted due to a
power loss, the device will automatically recover the data from the buffer zone at the next power-up.
6.2.
6.3.
Password Verification
Passwords may be used to protect user zone read and/or write access. When a password is presented using the
Check Password command, it is memorized and active until power is removed unless a new password is presented or
a valid DESELECT or IDLE command is received. Only one password is active at a time, but write passwords also give
read access.
Authentication Protocol
The access to a user zone may be protected by an authentication protocol in addition to password dependent rights.
Passwords are encrypted in authentication mode.
The authentication success is memorized and active as long as the chip is powered, unless a new authentication is
initialized or a valid DESELECT or IDLE command is received. If the new authentication request is not validated, the
card loses its previous authentication and it must be presented again. Only the last request is memorized.
6.4.
Encryption
The data exchanged between the card and the reader during Read, Write, and Check Password commands may be
encrypted to ensure data confidentiality.
The issuer may choose to protect the access to a user zone with an encryption key by settings made in the
configuration memory. In that case, activation of the encryption mode is required in order to read/write data in the zone.
The encryption activation success is memorized and active as long as the chip is powered, unless a new initialization is
initiated or a valid DESELECT or IDLE command is received. If the new encryption activation request is not validated,
the card will no longer encrypt data during read operations nor will it decrypt data received during write or Check
Password operations.
6.5.
6.6.
Checksum
The PICC implements a data validity check function in the form of a checksum. The checksum may function in
standard or cryptographic mode. In the standard mode, the checksum is optional and may be used for transmission
error detection. The cryptographic mode is more powerful since it provides data origin authentication capability in the
form of a Message Authentication Code (MAC). To write data to the device, the host is required to compute a valid
MAC and provide it to the device. If after an ingoing command the device computes a MAC different from the MAC
transmitted by the host, not only is the command abandoned but the cryptographic mode is also reset. A new
authentication is required to reactivate the cryptographic mode.
Initial Device Programming
CryptoRF is delivered with all security features disabled. To program the polling response or enable the security
features of CryptoRF the device must be personalized by programming several registers. This is accomplished by
programming the configuration memory using simple write and read commands.
7
5026DS–CRRF–03/09
6.7.
7.
Transport Password
To gain access to the configuration memory, a transport password known as the secure code must be presented using
the Check Password command. The secure code for AT88SC1616CRF is $50 44 72.
Tuning Capacitance
The capacitance between the coil pins AC1 and AC2 is 82 pF nominal and may vary ±10% over temperature and
process variation.
8.
Reliability
Table 3.
Reliability
Parameter
Min
100,000
10
Typ
─
Max
─
Units
Write Cycles
Years
Write endurance
Data retention
─
─
9.
Mechanical
9.1.
Engineering Samples
Table 4.
Engineering Samples
Sample Code
Sample Description
R Module, 82 pF, on 35 mm tape
Maximum Range
AT88SC1616CRF-MR1
AT88SC1616CRF-L01B
AT88SC1616CRF-MU1
AT88SC1616CRF-MS1
RF Smart Card, ID-1 size, PVC
8−10 cm
1−3 cm
RFID Tag, 17 mm diameter, on 35 mm tape
RFID Tag, 10 x 20 mm size, on 35 mm tape
10−15 mm
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AT88SC1616CRF
5026DS–CRRF–03/09
AT88SC1616CRF
9.2.
Ordering Information
Table 5.
Ordering Information
Ordering Code
Package
Tuning Capacitor
82 pF
Temperature Range
Commercial (0°C to 70°C)
Industrial (−40°C to 85°C)
AT88SC1616CRF-MR1
AT88SC1616CRF-WA1
R Module
6 mil wafer, 150 mm diameter
82 pF
Package Type
Description
2- lead RF Smart Card Module, XOA2 style, RoHS compliant
R Module
9.3.
Packaging Information
Ordering Code: AT88SCxxxxCRF-MR1
Module Size: M5
Dimension*: 5.06 x 8.00 [mm]
Glob Top: Square - 4.8 x 5.1 [mm]
Thickness: 0.38 [mm]
Pitch: 9.5 mm
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5026DS–CRRF–03/09
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5026DS–CRRF–03/09
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