TH7426AVWJNGB/T [ATMEL]

CCD Sensor, 2.50V, Square, Surface Mount, CERAMIC, J LEAD PACKAGE-84;
TH7426AVWJNGB/T
型号: TH7426AVWJNGB/T
厂家: ATMEL    ATMEL
描述:

CCD Sensor, 2.50V, Square, Surface Mount, CERAMIC, J LEAD PACKAGE-84

ATM 异步传输模式 CD 传感器 换能器
文件: 总20页 (文件大小:1122K)
中文:  中文翻译
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TH7426A/27A  
NEAR INFRARED InGaAs LINEAR IMAGE SENSOR  
300 PIXELS  
DESCRIPTION  
These devices are based on a 300 InGaAs photodiode li-  
near array, with a 26µm pitch, using an in line pixel layout or  
a staggered pixel layout.  
Two 150:1 CCD multiplexor chips, offering memory and de-  
layed readout capability, are hybridized on both sides of the  
photodiode array so as to build a complete module.  
Specially designed to allow an accurate butting, those mo-  
dules could be tied together on request so as to provide an  
array extension with only one dead pixel at the splice.  
These devices are also available in a full CMOS interface  
version :  
TH74KA26A/TH74KA27A or TH74KB26A/TH74KB27A.  
MAIN FEATURES  
APPLICATIONS  
n Near infrared spectral response: 0.8µm to 1.7µm  
n Room temperature operation  
n Suited for Near Infrared imaging  
n Thermal imaging in the 200°C to 800°C range  
n High resolution multichannel spectrometry  
n Fluorescence free Raman spectrophotometry  
n On-line inspection and monitoring  
n Low noise  
n High detectivity, wide dynamic range (>10 000)  
n High linearity, high Modulation Transfer Function (MTF)  
n High output data rate : up to 6 MHz  
n Intrinsic antiblooming  
n Built in thermoelectric cooler and temperature sensor  
available  
n Accurate mechanical indexes (ready to mount)  
SELECTION GUIDE  
NUMBER OF  
VIDEO OUTPUTS  
REFERENCE  
PIXEL COUNT  
LAYOUT  
PIXEL AREA  
PITCH  
TH7426A  
TH7427A  
TH7428A  
TH7429A  
299  
299  
599  
599  
In line  
Staggered  
In line  
20x30µm²  
30x30µm²  
20x30µm²  
30x30µm²  
26µm  
26µm  
26µm  
26µm  
2
2
4
4
Staggered  
March 1998  
1/20  
TH7426A/27A  
GEOMETRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
ELEMENT BLOCK DIAGRAM  
2/20  
TH7426A/27A  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS  
Supply voltages (compare to Vss, at any pin)  
Transient voltages (compare to Vss, at any pin)  
DC current (at any pin),  
0 to +20V  
0 to +25V  
10mA  
Except  
except  
- thermoelectric cooler pins  
- temperature sensor  
6A  
+/-3mA  
Operating temperature (temperature variation limited to 6°C/min)  
Storage temperature (temperature variation limited to 6°C/min)  
Electrostatic discharge sensitivity, MIL-STD-883 method 3015  
-40 to +85°C  
-40 to +85°C  
device Class 1  
Stresses above those listed under ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS may cause permanent devices failure. Functionality at  
or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to maximum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
To avoid any performance degradation,the device must be handled with grounded bracelet and stored in the conductive  
packing used for shipment.  
TABLE 1 - ELECTRO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
15°C internal operating temperature, 3ms integration time, typical voltage input (otherwise specified).  
Parameter  
Symbol  
TH 7426  
Typ.  
TH 7427  
Typ.  
Unit  
Remarks  
Min.  
Max.  
Min  
Max.  
Dark voltage signal  
mean  
VD  
3
4
mV  
mV  
pA  
See Fig. 6  
isolated pixels  
(photodiode dark current)  
100  
120  
( ID)  
0.6  
0.8  
See note (1)  
Noise in darkness  
mean  
(rms)  
200  
200  
µV  
mV  
σVD  
isolated pixels  
1
1.2  
Absolute photo response  
mean  
R
10  
1
15  
1
Vcm²/µJ See Fig. 3-4-5  
non uniformity  
PRNU  
+/-10  
1.73  
+/-10  
173  
%
%
non linearity over 1.5V range  
Spectral response  
Cut-off wavelength  
Temperature shift  
1.66  
1.68  
1.1  
1.66  
1.68  
1.1  
µm  
λc  
dλc/dT  
At 50% R(λ)  
max  
nm/°C  
Modulation transfer function  
across array  
MTF  
Vsat  
NEP  
D*  
At 19.2 lp/mm  
See note (2)  
0.35  
0.55  
0.50  
0.68  
0.54  
0.73  
0.35  
0.35  
0.50  
0.50  
0.54  
0.54  
along array  
Output saturation voltage  
2.5  
2.5  
V
Depends on  
preload level.  
See Fig. 7  
Noise equivalent power at  
λ=1.65µm  
0.35  
40  
6.7  
0.35  
40  
4.4  
fW  
fW  
BW=1Hz  
BW=167Hz  
nWcm-2 BW=167Hz  
5.1012  
8.1011  
6.1012  
1.1012  
cmHz1/2W-1 BW=1Hz  
Specific detectivity at λ=1.65µm  
cmHz1/2W-1 BW=167Hz  
Electron to voltage conversion factor  
Quantum efficiency  
Fc  
QE  
0.26  
0.8  
0.26  
0.8  
µV/e  
e/ph  
See Fig. 5  
Image grade  
(number of blemishes)  
J
K
O
E
1
5
10  
NA  
1
5
10  
NA  
See note (3)  
Electrical sample  
Note : 1 Already taken into account in mean VD (VD = Id TI Fc ; TI=Integration time ; q = 1.6 10-19 C)  
q
Note : 2 “Maximum value” is the theoretical value computed using the corresponding diode size  
Note : 3 a pixel is considered as a blemish if :  
or  
or  
or  
- its dark voltage is higher than isolated pixel max value  
- its noise is higher than isolated pixel noise max value  
- its PRNU is higher than +/- 10 %  
3/20  
TH7426A/27A  
TABLE 2 - CONNECTION DIAGRAMS  
Pin n° EVEN Sym-  
Designation  
Pin n° ODD Sym-  
Mo- bol  
Designation  
Mo-  
bol  
dule #  
dule #  
1...2  
NC  
Not connected  
44...51  
TC+ Thermoelectric cooler (positive node)  
see notes (2) (3)  
3...6  
7...9  
10  
TS  
Temperature sensor see note (3)  
Not connected  
52...55  
56  
NC  
Not connected  
NC  
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
VG1 Lateral skimming gate bias  
DNC Do not connect see note (4)  
NC Not connected  
57  
Photodiode lateral transfer clock  
Electrical injection clock  
φX  
11...14  
15  
58  
φPL  
E
E
E
E
VDD Output amplifier drain & RE supplies  
VOS Video output signal (pixels 0-298)  
GND Video ground  
59  
VGL1 Preload skimming gate bias  
VGL2 Preload storage gate bias  
16  
60  
17  
61  
Shift register clock 2 (gated by RE)  
φL2  
18  
VSS CCD substrate bias (phases return)  
62  
RE  
Read enable control signal  
(pixels 1-299)  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
E
E
E
E
E
E
CCD reset clock  
63  
64  
65  
O
O
O
O
O
O
Shift register clock 1  
φR  
φL1  
VDR Reset bias  
VN  
Photodiode substrate bias see note (1)  
VGS Output gate bias  
VGS Output gate bias  
VDR Reset bias  
VN  
φL1  
RE  
Photodiode substrate bias see note (1) 66  
Shift register clock 1  
67  
68  
CCD reset clock  
φR  
Read enable control signal  
(pixels 0-298)  
VSS CCD substrate bias (phases return)  
25  
26  
E
E
E
E
E
E
Shift register clock 2 (gated by RE)  
69  
70  
O
O
O
GND Video ground  
φL2  
VGL2 Preload storage gate bias  
VGL1 Preload skimming gate bias  
VOS Video output signal (pixels 1-299)  
VDD Output amplifier drain & RE supplies  
27  
71  
28  
Electrical injection clock  
72...75  
76  
NC  
Not connected  
φPL  
φX  
29  
Photodiode lateral transfer clock  
DNC Do not connect see note (4)  
30  
VG1 Lateral skimming gate bias  
NC Not connected  
77...79  
80...83  
84  
NC  
TS  
NC  
Not connected  
31...34  
35...42  
Temperature sensor see note (3)  
Not connected  
TC- Thermoelectric cooler (negative  
node) see notes (2) (3)  
43  
NC  
Not connected  
Notes : 1 Pin 22 and 64 are internally connected together  
Notes : 2 In each group every pins must be connected and tied together in order to lower pin current density  
Notes : 3 Not connected on non cooled package  
Notes : 4 DNC (Do Not Connect). Pins which are internally connected and must not be used.  
4/20  
TH7426A/27A  
PIN DESCRIPTION  
Odd and Even channels are fully independent, therefore same pin function will be found on odd and even sides.  
This is the preload injection stage electrical input. Each Φ  
pulse down overfills preload storage capacitance with  
PL  
PL  
electrons. Φ  
is connected to a diode cathode which anode is internally tied to Vss.  
PL  
V
V
This is the preload stage skimming gate. Its bias determines the voltage up to which preload storage capacitance  
will be biased. Thus it drives preload level.  
GL1  
GL2  
L1  
This is the storage capacitance grid bias. It determines the bottom voltage of preload storing well, while V  
deter-  
GL1  
mines its top level. Preload capacitance thus is charged up proportionately to (V  
- V  
) bias difference.  
GL2  
GL1  
This is the main register storage grid clock. Charges are stored under Φ  
when transfer is disabled (RE at low le-  
L1  
vel).  
is also used for lateral transfers to input nodes.  
L1  
F
This is the main register transfer grid clock. Φ is used to isolate  
content during lateral transfers. The main re-  
L1  
L2  
L2  
gister is beginning and ending with  
RE input, it is internally pulled down when RE is low, preventing transfers, preload injection, read out and isolating  
each well.  
which therefore controls main register access and outputs.  
is gated by  
L2  
L2  
L1  
RE  
This is the “Read Enable” input. When high, it allows Φ  
input connection to main register, when low, main register  
L2  
corresponding grids are pulled down whatever  
input level is.  
L2  
This input helps to serially read out two or more multiplexors with one single  
the main register as long as RE is low, thus read out can occur later on.  
signal for all. Data are stored into  
L2  
F
This is the lateral transfer grid command. Lateral transfer is allowed when  
input nodes, all photodiode information is collected at the same time.  
is at high level.  
is common to all  
X
X
X
V
This is the lateral input stage skimming grid bias. This grid determines photodiodes reset bias, always the same  
from integration time to integration time. After photodiode reset (input node capacitance reset) extra charges leading  
G1  
to overcrossing V  
level are skimmed back into Φ main register wells.  
G1  
L1  
V
V
V
This is the InGaAs photodiode common cathode bias. V is available on odd and ev en side, however, both pins are  
N
N
connected together, to photodiode substrate.  
This is main register output grid bias. It is used to isolate read out capacitance from main register. It allows charges  
GS  
DR  
to be read out when Φ is at low level.  
L2  
This is the read out capacitance reset bias. After each single read out, read out capacitance is cleared off (reset) to  
V
level, during  
clock high state.  
DR  
R
5/20  
TH7426A/27A  
V
This is the output amplifier power supply (high side). It also supplies the “Read Enable” switching device which ex-  
plains that I is different whether RE is at high or low level.  
DD  
DD  
G
This is the output amplifier low side power supply. G  
is linked to V  
through a diode, G  
being the cathode  
ND  
ND  
ND  
SS  
node. Thus G  
must always be more positive than or equal to Vss.  
ND  
It must be noticed that “RE” switching device is powered from V  
to V . G  
is specific to output amplifier.  
ND  
DD  
SS  
V
V
This is the amplifier output.  
OS  
SS  
S
This is the CCD multiplexor substrate bias. All applied biases and clock levels must be more positive or equal to V  
.
SS  
T
These are the internal temperature sensor connections. Temperature sensor is floating with respect to all other pin  
connections. Pins 3 to 6 are internally connected together as well as pin 80 to 83.  
TC+ This is the internal thermoelectric cooler positive input (current enters) (all pins must be externally connected in or-  
der to lower current density into each pin).  
TC-  
This is the internal thermoelectric cooler negative input (current goes out). Thermoelectric cooler connections are  
floating, with respect to all other pins. All pins must be externally connected in order to lower individual pin current  
density. It is advised to avoid pulsed current regulations to drive TE cooler, since it may result in EMC troubleshoo-  
ting inside component cavity.  
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION  
Individual InGaAs diodes are reversed bias. The cathode node is common to all diodes and connected to a fixed potential  
Vn. The anode of each diode is wire bonded to a lateral entrance of the readout CCD stage.  
These diodes behave as capacitors whose leakage current depends on dark current and illumination. This current tends to  
decrease the voltage across the capacitor. Each diode capacity is first preloaded with a calibrated amount of negative char-  
ges (Qb). After an integration time (TI), the amount of removed charges (QI) figures out the cumulated light absorption. So  
the measurement of the remaining charge amount (Qs) in the diode capacitor gives access to QI (QI = Qb - Qs). This is  
called “Vidicon” readout mode.  
CCD multiplexors fulfill all those operations. They provide preloading and readout functions for the separate odd and even  
pixel groups. The main CCD features consist in a two phase register (φ and φ ) with longitudinal and lateral transfer ca-  
L1  
L2  
pability. Following is a description of how those devices keep photodiodes under control and capture pixel signals.  
Four main functions can be considered :  
- Preload  
The potential gap between the two gates [V  
and spilling occurs using an injection diode φ  
-V  
] defines a potential well for preload calibration (Qb), its filling  
GL1 GL2  
.
PL  
- Main register charge handling  
At each individual transfer step, Qs moves out of the 150th stage, while Qb moves in the first stage. The longitudinal  
register stage requires a series of at least 150 steps to complete the preloading cycle. This transfer operation is inhi-  
bited if RE (read enable) input is maintained at a low level.  
- Photodiode information collection (and reset)  
The lateral input stage consists in 150 input diodes, each of them directly wire bonded to one photodiode, and con-  
trolled under a single common biasing gate V  
and a lateral transfer gate φ .  
G1  
x
At the end of integration time (see timing diagram Figure 1) :  
- the preload charges Qb, stored in the register, are transferred simultaneously to the 150 photodiodes when φ is at  
x
high level and φ at low level, allowing the photodiode reset.  
L1  
- charges in excess (identified as Qs) are collected back to the register by forcing φ at high level. At this step the  
L1  
register current information is the mirror image of the collected photo signal and, all photodiodes are reseted while a  
new TI starts.  
To isolate each stage from the other one, φ must be at low level during all lateral transfer operations.  
L2  
- Data read-out  
At the end of the photodiode reset operation :  
- if RE is forced to low level (Timing Diagram - Figure 1), all Qs information remain stored in the register and so, rea-  
dout is delayed .According to this situation a next photodiode reset procedure can’t be operated until the full longitu-  
dinal transfer takes place (150 steps minimum).  
6/20  
TH7426A/27A  
- if RE is activated or always at high level (Timing Diagram - Figure 2), each stored charge is transferred to the rea-  
dout capacitance; this continuous readout mode is recommended for long integration time.  
Qs conversion into voltage is supported by the readout stage capacitance, linked to a low output impedance ampli-  
fier. This capacitance is reset at V  
bias, before each pixel readout operation (high level φ ).  
DR  
R
Due to the “Vidicon” read out mode, Qb level needs adjustment so as to provide enough carriers to sustain photocurrent  
and dark current during the integration time. Pixel antiblooming is also resulting from “Vidicon mode” since photodiodes  
cannot consume more electrons than Qb.  
Antismearing (frame to frame antiblooming) efficiency depends on the photodiode reset conditions, reverse bias recovering  
need a minimum Qb condition such as :  
Qb>Clat .V  
D
where : - Clat is the individual lateral input node capacitance, Clat ~1.5 pF (including photodiode, bonding pads...)  
where : - V is the photodiode bias : V = V - 0.78V - 8.7  
D
D
N
G 1  
7/20  
TH7426A/27A  
MULTIPLEXOR TIMING DIAGRAM  
* First Even output data is always at preload level (multiplexor corresponding input is not connected — See “Element Block Diagram”)  
8/20  
TH7426A/27A  
TABLE 3 - STATIC CHARACTERISTICS  
Pin n°  
Symbol  
Function  
Value  
Unit  
Note  
EVEN/ODD  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
VDD  
IDD  
15/71  
20/66  
Output amplifier  
17.5  
18  
18.5  
V
(1)  
(2)  
with Read Enable disabled  
with Read Enable activated  
0.7  
1.1  
mA  
mA  
VDR  
VN  
Reset bias  
15.3  
11  
15.5  
11.3  
16.5  
11.5  
V
V
(1)  
22/64 internally  
connected  
Photodiode substrate bias  
GND  
VSS  
17/69  
18/68  
30/56  
27/59  
26/60  
21/65  
Video ground  
0
2
V
V
V
V
V
V
(3)  
Register substrate  
Lateral skimming gate  
Preload skimming gate  
Preload storage gate  
Register output gate  
VG1  
1.9  
2.8  
3
2
3
2.1  
5
VGL1  
(4)  
(4)  
VGL2  
4
5
VGS  
6.2  
6.5  
7
Note : 1 V  
-V  
DD DR  
>1.8V  
Pin  
Note : 2 For each V  
DD  
Note : 3 Recommendation: tied to V  
Note : 4 V  
GL1  
Notes : to get V  
or, for best operation, hold at +0.5V above V  
SS  
SS  
and V  
GL1  
are used to calibrate preloading level see Fig. 7; to minimise noise effect, it is recommended  
GL2  
and V  
from the same low noise supply.  
GL2  
TABLE 4 - DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS  
Pin n°  
Symbol  
Function  
Value  
Typ  
Unit  
Note  
EVEN/ODD  
Min  
Max  
23/63  
25/61  
28/58  
19/67  
29/57  
24/62  
Longitudinal transfer stage  
(120 pF typical)  
0.1  
9
0.3  
9.5  
0.7  
V
V
ΦL1 low  
10.5  
high  
0.1  
9
0.3  
9.5  
0.7  
10.5  
V
V
ΦL2 low  
(120 pF typical if all RE enabled)  
high  
Preload injection diode  
(10 pF typ.)  
5.8  
9.5  
6
12  
6.7  
12.5  
V
V
ΦPL low  
high  
Read out reset gate  
(10 pF typ.)  
0.1  
11.5  
0.3  
12  
0.7  
12.5  
V
V
ΦR  
ΦX  
RE  
low  
high  
Lateral transfer stage  
(10 pF typ.)  
0.1  
7.8  
0.3  
8
0.7  
8.2  
V
V
low  
high  
low  
high  
Read enable  
(15 pF typ.)  
0.1  
(ΦL2 high  
+2,5V)  
0.2  
0.4  
15  
V
V
TABLE 5 - MISCELLANEOUS DATA  
Symbol  
Pin n°  
Function  
Value  
Typ  
3
Unit  
Note  
Min  
Max  
ITH  
35 to 42  
44 to 51  
16,7  
Thermo cooler  
6
A
(5)  
VOS(DC)  
ZO  
Video signal DC level (wrt Vss)  
Output impedance  
12  
1.2  
100  
V
KΩ  
(7)  
(7)  
(6)  
Rpt  
(at 0°C)  
3 to 6  
80 to 83  
Temperature sensor resistance  
(recommended max. current 1 mA)  
FP  
Transfer frequency  
0.5  
3
MHz  
Note : 5 See Fig. 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d.  
Note : 6 See Fig. 9.  
Note : 7 Short circuit to Gnd or Vss exceeding 1 min duration may permanently damage the device  
9/20  
TH7426A/27A  
TABLE 6 - TIMING AND SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS  
Parameter  
Symbol  
Value  
Typ.  
3
Unit  
Note  
Min.  
0.05  
0.33  
Max.  
INTEGRATION TIME  
CLOCK PERIOD  
TI  
ms  
µs  
Tck  
2
(3)  
(4)  
READ ENABLE  
Duration  
TRE  
tr/tf  
149.5Tck+t1RE+t2RE  
µs  
ns  
ns  
Rise time or fall time  
Delay  
25  
250  
t1RE  
0
150  
5
120  
Set-up RE  
t2RE  
850  
ns  
LATERAL TRANSFER  
Duration  
22  
25  
µs  
ns  
µs  
µs  
ns  
TΦx  
tr/tf  
150  
(4)  
Φx rise time or fall time  
Φ1 low level hold time  
Φ2 low level hold time  
Delay  
Tx1  
Tx2  
1
4
1.7  
20  
100  
980  
tΦx  
Readout delay  
100  
200  
ns  
tΦ1  
LONGITUDINAL TRANSFER  
ΦL1 rise time or fall time  
tr/tf  
tr/tf  
25  
25  
150  
150  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
(4)  
(4)  
ΦL2 rise time or fall time  
Preload duration  
35  
240  
25  
TΦPL  
tr/tf  
Preload rise time or fall time  
Preload delay  
50  
(4)  
(1)  
tPL  
0
80  
Skimming time  
tsk  
70  
500  
ns  
READOUT DIODE RESET  
Duration  
35  
0
240  
25  
ns  
ns  
ns  
(2)  
(4)  
(2)  
TΦR  
tr/tf  
tR  
Rise time or fall time  
Delay  
120  
10  
VIDEO SIGNAL SET-UP TIME  
tvideo  
100  
ns  
Note : 1 Better if no clock transition occurs during “tsk” time.  
Note : 2 tR + TΦR < ΦL2 high level duration.  
Note : 3 Duty cycle: 50%  
Note : 4 Rise time (tr) and fall time (tf) specified between 10% and 90%  
10/20  
TH7426A/27A  
ELECTRO-OPTICAL TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
Figure 4 : Clear window typical spectral response  
Figure 3 : Silicon Window typical spectral response  
Figure 5 : Clear window & Silicon window quantum efficiency  
Figure 6 : Dark voltage per 1ms integration time  
Figure 6 : vs internal operating temperature  
Figure 7 : Typical preload voltage vs V  
and V  
gate voltages  
GL2  
GL1  
11/20  
TH7426A/27A  
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (single stage TE cooled package -subvariant N- only)  
Figure 8b : Internal to rear face temperature gap vs  
Figure 8a : Internal temperature vs  
Figure 8b : Thermo-electric cooler current  
Figure 8a : Thermo-electric cooler current  
Figure 8c : Thermo-electric cooler voltage vs.  
Figure 8c : Thermo-electric cooler current  
Figure 8d : Rear face power dissipation vs.  
Figure 8d : Thermo-electric cooler current  
Figure 9 : Pt resistance variation R = R(T°C) - R(0°C) vs. temperature  
-3  
-6  
2
-12  
3
T°C<0  
T°C>0  
Rpt = 100 {1+[3.90802 10 T] - [0.580195 10 T ] - [4.7350 10 (T-100) T ]}  
-3  
-6  
2
Rpt = 100 {1+[3.90802 10 T] - [0.580195 10 T ]}  
12/20  
TH7426A/27A  
OUTLINE DRAWING  
In the standard version devices are hermetically sealed in a Jlead 84 like package with a near IR transparent window (see  
next drawing). The package basement includes a thermoelectric cooler and a temperature sensor, see Figures 8-9 for ther-  
mal characteristics.  
Silicon, with an antireflective coating is the window material. An optional version used an AR coated glass and an additional  
frame (numerical aperture f/3) to prevent parasitic lateral visible light.  
The photodiode array location is mechanically indexed upon the package rear face (opposite to the window) for fast accu-  
rate mounting.  
PACKAGE VARIANT (N)  
(Thermoelectric cooler version)  
13/20  
TH7426A/27A  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
T
T
H
H
7
7
4
4
2
2
6
7
A
A
V(1) W(2) a*  
V(1) W(2) a*  
b*  
b*  
c*  
c*  
G
G
d*  
d*  
(1) Temperature range  
V = -40 to 85°C (see § c*)  
(2) Package family  
Ceramic Jlead type  
a* Image grade  
J, K, O, E see Table 1  
b* Package variant  
S = standard silicon window  
R = clear glass window  
N = non sealed removable window  
c* Package sub-variant  
(The detector temperature depends on the surrounding ambient and on device energy budget which is directly  
related to the built in thermo-cooler option efficiency.)  
- = without thermo-electric cooler; from -40 to +15°C full performances(derated over)  
N = 1 stage thermo-electric cooler; from -40 to +60°C full performances (derated over)  
P = 3 stages thermo-electric cooler; from -40 to +85°C full performances  
d* Quality level  
- = standard  
D/T = industrial level  
B/T = military levels  
S = space level  
14/20  
TH7426A/27A  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
- Preload generation  
Preload is fed up when Φ  
is at low level. This process needs few time to be completed ( >35 ns). Then skimming is nee-  
PL  
ded to calibrate Qb. This step needs as much as possible time. Therefore it is recommended to activate Φ  
as soon as  
PL  
is at low level, in order to spend most of  
low level duration for skimming.  
L2  
L2  
Qb depends on (V  
- V  
) difference, thus noise on Qb may result from differential fluctuations between V  
and V  
. It  
GL2  
GL2  
GL1  
GL1  
is therefore recommended to get V  
and V  
biases on each side (Odd or Even) from the same power supply line.  
GL1  
GL2  
- Preload level adjustment  
Preload level must be chosen so as to covered both expected maximum signal and dark current resulting signal. It must be noti-  
ced that the “Vidicon mode” implies output signal has the largest amplitude in darkness (since most of Qb is to be readout).  
Since output signal treatment difficulty may arise from its large amplitude it is better to reduce as much as possible its dyna-  
mic, thus to reduce preload level to the minimum required.  
From Figure 6, dark voltage can be deduced, photosignal is computed from Figures 3 & 4 and application data (light flux, in-  
tegration time). Preload must be 200 mV in excess to dark voltage and maximum photosignal sum. Preload can be adjusted  
with (V  
- V  
) biases, as indicated in Figure 7, however it is recommended to act first on V  
. Direct read out of pre-  
GL2  
GL1  
GL2  
load level is possible in forcing Φ at low level avoiding lateral transfer and photodiode read out.  
X
7
TH7426A/27A maximum preload is about 2.5 V (corresponding to 10 electrons).  
- Photodiode information collection  
As explained this operation needs two steps :  
a). Qb injection into input nodes.  
b). Skimming back into main register of extra charges.  
Step a) needs at least 1 µs to be completed (TX1). However, step b) is a longer process, which duration influences lateral  
transfer efficiency. It has been measured that 20 µs is needed for less than 1 % transfer non efficiency which raises to 2 %  
for 4 µs skimming time (TX2).  
Thus it is recommended to allow as long as possible skimming time, compatible with application requirement.  
- Output signal format  
Figures 1 and 2 give details on output signal. Each reset (Φ ) pulse pulls up the output at reset level related to VDR bias.  
R
Using typical biases, reset level reaches about 12 volts with respect to Vss. Notice that  
is at high level.  
must be pulsed only when  
R
L2  
Just after reset pulse, output level is stabilizing to a steady level called “floating diode level”. This level is the very reset level  
to be taken into account for useful signal amplitude measurement. It is about 200 mV lower than reset level.  
Then on  
falling edge, charges coming from main register last stage arrive. Consequently, output signal drops down.  
L2  
The new steady level reached, counted from “floating diode” level represents the useful information - Uos -  
Uos amplitude is maximum when no lateral transfer has occurred, since it represents preload level. In darkness, after pho-  
todiode read out (lateral transfer) Uos is reduced by dark voltage signal. Under illumination Uos is still smaller until satura-  
tion occurs (whole preload consumption), in this situation “floating diode” level is maintained until next pixel readout.  
- Read enable operation  
RE input simplifies device operation since it allows to use continuous  
and generate external interruption during transfer. In this case, first pixel data will be read out at first falling edge of  
. After 150 periods all pixel data will have been read out, on 151  
clocks. However, one can force RE at high level  
L2  
L2  
X
st  
period, output will be unused preload and so  
L2  
L2  
L2  
X
on until next  
cycle.  
When using RE input, it must be noticed that RE duration must at least allow 150 main register transfers (  
periods) in  
L2  
order to guaranty that all main register stages contain a preload (Qb) before next  
not be properly reset at next cycle.  
cycle. Otherwise all photodiodes will  
X
X
When RE is low, output signal is continuously at floating diode level, with  
transparencies.  
R
- Interlacing odd even  
As odd and even sides are fully separated, it is possible to drive odd and even side with 180° phase shifted  
and  
L1  
L2  
(
,
with same phase with respect to their ), being identicals. In this manner Odd output signals will be de-  
PL  
R
L2  
X
layed by half a Tck period with respect to Even outputs allowing, after common sampling, natural multiplexing and double  
pixel data rate. This opportunity is presented in application hints (Figures 10 to 12).  
- Mechanical mounting  
Accurate mechanical references are provided in N and P subvariant packages (see ordering information and outline dra-  
wings). If optics are mechanically referred to these packages rear face, no tuning strategy could be implemented for scale  
manufacturing.  
15/20  
TH7426A/27A  
APPLICATION HINTS  
Figure 10 : Application hint : device operation  
16/20  
TH7426A/27A  
Figure 11 : Application hint : signal treatment  
17/20  
TH7426A/27A  
Figure 12 : Timing diagramm for figure 10 &11 (Output data : 1 MHz)  
18/20  
TH7426A/27A  
NOTE  
19/20  
TH7426A/27A  
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However THOMSON-CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES  
assumes no responsability for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of  
third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent  
rights of THOMSON-CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to  
change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. THOMSON-CSF  
SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or  
systems without express written approval from THOMSON-CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES.  
CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES - Printed in France - All rights reserved.  
1998 THOMSON-  
This product is manufactured by THOMSON-CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES - 38521 SAINT-EGREVE / FRANCE.  
For further information please contact : THOMSON-CSF SEMICONDUCTEURS SPECIFIQUES - Route Départementale  
128 - B.P. 46 - 91401 ORSAY Cedex / FRANCE - Tél. : (33)(0) 1.69.33.00.00 / Téléfax : (33)(0) 1.69.33.03.21.  
E-mail : lafrique@tcs.thomson.fr - Internet : http://www.tcs.thomson-csf.com  
20/20  

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