LT1701-7D [BEL]
AC-DC Regulated Power Supply Module, 1 Output, 550W, CASE T01, MODULE;型号: | LT1701-7D |
厂家: | BEL FUSE INC. |
描述: | AC-DC Regulated Power Supply Module, 1 Output, 550W, CASE T01, MODULE |
文件: | 总33页 (文件大小:838K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
500 Watt AC-DC Converters
T Series
Input to output isolation
Single output
• Universal AC input range
• DC output voltage for 24 and 48 V loads
• Battery charging for 24, 36, 48 V batteries with re-
mote temperature control
• Telecom rectifier applications
• Immune to transients and disturbances according to
VDE 160 and IEC/EN 61000-4-2,-3,-4,-5,-6
• 4000 V AC input to output electric strength test
• Very high efficiency, typically 93%
• Power factor >0.96, harmonics <IEC/EN 61000-3-2,
low RFI
• No inrush current, hot plug-in capability
• High power density, 210 W/dm3, rugged mechanical
design
• Very compact 19" cassette (28 TE, 3 U, 160 mm),
111
4.4"
3 U
Safety according to IEC/EN 60950
LGA
141
5.6"
168
28 TE
6.6"
C
Summary
The latter types can be integrated into systems where the
output voltage is backed-up by batteries. The float charge
of the battery can be set by a cell voltage selector switch
according to the battery type used. Moreover these units
feature a temperature sensor input to improve the life ex-
pectancy of the battery.
The T series of converters are electrically isolated AC-DC
converters with an output power of up to 550 W. For higher
power requirements several units may be connected in
parallel.
The input of the T units is ideally adapted to the mains: Full
power factor correction, no inrush current, low RFI level and
high transient and surge immunity are key design features.
The T units behave similar to a resistive load.
The rectifier types suit for DC-bus applications at constant
voltage. As the output voltage is SELV, even electrically non
isolated switching regulators such as the Melcher PSR
types may be connected to the T output.
The L-input provides a universal AC-input range from
85...255 V AC. It is the preferred type for 230 V mains,
whereas the U-input range is optimized for 110/120 V
mains. The output delivers an electrically isolated Safety
Extra Low Voltage (SELV) and is short-circuit and no-load
proof. Depending on the type, two output characteristics
are available, intended either for rectifier applications or for
battery charging purposes.
The T 1701 types are especially optimized to build distrib-
uted power systems together with the Melcher CQ-series
DC-DC converters as the signalling capabilities of both
families are matched. Distributed power systems have as
one advantage less power loss over load lines and fewer
regulation problems.
Melcher offers also backplanes for fast and simple set-up of
19" rack systems with T units (see chapter: Back Planes).
Page
Table of Contents
Page
Functional Features ....................................................... 16
Auxilliary Functions ........................................................ 21
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ............................ 25
Immunity to Environmental Conditions........................... 26
Environmental Conditions .............................................. 27
Mechanical Data ............................................................ 28
Safety and Installation Instructions ................................ 30
Description of Options.................................................... 33
Accessories.................................................................... 33
Summary.......................................................................... 1
Type Survey and Key Data .............................................. 2
Type Key .......................................................................... 2
Sensor Type Key .............................................................. 3
Functional Description...................................................... 4
Electrical Input Data ......................................................... 5
Electrical Output Data of the Rectifier Version ................. 7
Electrical Output Data of Battery Charger Version......... 10
Control Features of the Battery Charger Version ........... 12
Temperature Sensors..................................................... 15
Edition 4/4.99
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MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Type Survey and Key Data
Table 1: Type Survey (All typical values at 20°C)
Output voltage
Output current
Input voltage range and efficiency
Options
Uo set at Ui nom, 1/
[V DC]
2
Io nom
Io nom
[A]
Ui min...Ui max
70...140 V AC
ηmin
[%]
Ui min...Ui max
85...255 V AC
ηmin
[%]
1
1
24.25
16
14.5
10
UT 1201-7 2, 4
UT 1240-7Z 4, 3
UT 1701-7 5
–
91
91
92
–
LT 1201-7 2, 6
LT 1240-7Z 6, 3
LT 1701-7 6
91
92
93
93
93
91
D
B1
25.25...27.25...28.25
54.5
48
11
LT 1702-7 2, 6
LT 1740-7Z 6, 3
LT 1840-7Z 3, 6
50.5...54.5...56.5
37.9...40.9...42.4
10
UT 1740-7Z 5, 3
–
92
–
11
1 Efficiency measured at Ui nom and Io nom
2 Instead of output power limitation, output current limitation.
.
3 Output voltage range controlled by input Ucr, remote temperature sensor and cell voltage selector switch.
4 Reduced output power for Ui = 70...95 V AC. See Output Power Limitation.
5 Reduced output power for Ui = 70...100 V AC. See Output Power Limitation.
6 Reduced output power for Ui = 85...155 V AC. See Output Power Limitation.
Type Key
Type Key
L T 1 7 40 -7 D Z F B1
Input voltage range Ui
70...140 V, 47...63 Hz ................................ U
85...255 V, 47...63 Hz ................................. L
Series ............................................................................... T
Number of outputs:........................................................... 1
Output Uo set
24, 27.25 V .................................................. 2
48, 54.5 V .................................................... 7
40.9 V .......................................................... 8
Recifier version .................................... 01, 02 3
Battery charger version.............................. 40 4
Other voltages .................................... 00...99
Ambient temperature range TA
–25...71°C .................................................. -7
Customer specific ................................ -0...-6
Auxiliary functions and options
Remote bus voltage monitoring (option)..... D 1
Cell voltage selector switch ......................... Z 2
Input fuse externally accessible................... F
Baseplate (option)......................................B1
1 See also: Description of Options as well as data sheet: Back Planes for the T Series.
2 Only for T 1240/1740/1840
3 No input for remote temperature sensor
4 With input for remote temperature sensor
Example: LT 1740-7Z: AC-DC converter, input voltage range 85...255 Vrms, single output 50.5...56.5 V DC, 10 A, opera-
tional ambient temperature –25...71°C, with cell voltage selector switch.
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Sensor Type Key
Type Key
S 48 - 2.23 - 30 - 02
Series ...............................................................................S 1
Battery nominal voltage
24 V ........................................................... 24
36 V ........................................................... 36
48 V ........................................................... 48
Cell voltage (at 20°C)
2.23 V ..................................................... 2.23
2.27 V ..................................................... 2.27 2
Temperature coefficient
–3.0 mV/K/cell ........................................... 30
–3.5 mV/K/cell ........................................... 35
–4.0 mV/K/cell ........................................... 40
–4.5 mV/K/cell ........................................... 45
other temperature coefficients on request .....
Cable length (2 m).......................................................... 02
1 Only for LT 1240/1740/1840
2 For units without cell voltage selector switch
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MELCHER
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T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Functional Description
The T unit is a primary controlled AC-DC converter with a
constant switching frequency of 65.5 kHz. The power factor
corrected single step conversion of the line input voltage to
a low output voltage results in extremely high efficiency.
System Good and Output voltage OK are each indicated by
a green LED, inhibit and T System Failure by a red LED.
System Good and Power Down are available as open col-
lector signals at the connector. The threshold level of the
Power Down signal can be externally adjusted at the D set
input.
The input voltage is fed via input fuse, filter and rectifier to
the main transformer. The wideband input filter with small
input capacitance generates virtually no inrush current.
Transient suppressors protect the unit against high voltage
peaks and surges. An auxiliary converter generates an in-
ternal supply voltage for the primary control logic. The input
voltage waveform is sensed by the primary control logic to
allow power factor correction.
Test sockets at the front panel allow the measurement of
the output voltage.
The battery charger version provides additional features to
control the output voltage. To set it to different battery float
charge voltages, a 16-step selector switch (Z) is standard.
A control input for remote output voltage adjustment, by an
external temperature sensor is available at the multifunc-
tional inhibit/Ucr control pin. A trim-potentiometer allows fine
adjustment of the output voltage.
The main transformer is connected to a rectifier, large out-
put capacitors and an efficient output filter which ensures
low output ripple and spikes and provides the necessary
hold-up time. The output voltage is fed back to the primary
control logic via a signal transformer.
The inhibit signal and the T failure signal are transferred by
a second signal transformer (no opto-couplers!).
+
–
03043
Cy
12
Vo+
Vo+
14
Fuse
4
6
P~
N~
16 Hot-plug +
NTC
18 Hot-plug –
20 Vo–
22 Vo–
Cy
Cy
Auxiliary
Converter
Cy
Cy
Cy
8
10
24
26
Sys In
Voltage
and
System
Monitor
Sys Out
Control
Circuit
28 i/Ucr
30
32
D
D set
Isolation 4 kVrms
Z
P
Fig. 1
Block diagram
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MELCHER
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Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Electrical Input Data
General conditions:
– TA = 20°C
Table 2a: Input Data LT types
Input
LT 12xx
LT 17xx
LT 18xx
Characteristic
Conditions
min
155
typ
max min
typ
max min
typ
max Unit
255 Vrms
Ui
Input voltage range
with full output power
AC
(47...63 Hz)
255
155
255
130
Ui red Input voltage range with
reduced output power 1
85
155
85
155
85
130
Ui nom Nominal input voltage
Ii nom Nominal input current
230
1.9
3
230
2.6
4
230
2.2
4
Ui nom, Po nom
Arms
W
Ii L
Input current limit
Pi 0
No-load input power
Ui min...Ui max, Io = 0
Ui min...Ui max, inhibit = low
Ui nom, Io nom
6
8
8
Pi inh Input power when inhibited
3
3
3
PF
Ci
Power factor 2
96
98
98
%
µF
Input capacitance 3
Switch on delay
Ui nom
4
4
4
ton
Ui nom, Po nom
400
400
400
ms
ui RFI Input RFI level 4
Io = Io nom
B
B
B
EN 55014, EN 55011/022
Ui p
Ui L
F
Input overvoltage protection 5
264
264
264 Vrms
Input undervoltage lock-out
Input fuse 5 × 20 mm
Switching frequency
75
75
75
V
A
6.3
6.3
6.3
ftr
65.536
65.536
65.536
kHz
Table 2b: Input Data UT types
Input
UT 12xx
UT 17xx
Characteristic
Conditions
min
95
typ
max min
typ
max Unit
140 Vrms
Ui
Input voltage range
with full output power
AC
(47...63 Hz)
140
100
Ui red Input voltage range with
reduced output power 1
70
95
70
100
Ui nom Nominal input voltage
Ii nom Nominal input current
115
3.8
5
115
5.2
6
Ui nom, Po nom
Arms
W
Ii L
Input current limit
Pi 0
No-load input power
Ui min...Ui max, Io = 0
Ui min...Ui max, inhibit = low
Ui nom, Io nom
6
8
Pi inh Input power when inhibited
3
3
PF
Ci
Power factor 2
98
98
%
Input capacitance 3
Switch on delay
Ui nom
4
4
µF
ton
Ui nom, Po nom
400
400
ms
ui RFI Input RFI level 4
Io = Io nom
B
B
EN 55014, EN 55011/022
Ui p
Ui L
F
Input overvoltage protection 5
165
165 Vrms
Input undervoltage lock-out
Input fuse 5 × 20 mm
Switching frequency
65
65
V
A
10
10
ftr
65.536
65.536
kHz
1 The output power is reduced because of the input current limitation Po ≈ Ui [Vrms] ¥ IiL [Arms] ¥ h
2 Power factor as a function of the input voltage and load as well as harmonic distortion see Power Factor, Harmonics.
3 Inrush current stays factor 10 below ETS 300132-1.
4 150 kHz...30 MHz: CISPR 11/22/EN 55011/22 class B, 30...300 MHz: CISPR14/EN 55014
5 In case of overvoltage the unit switches off temporarily, resulting in reduced output power and increased RFI.
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T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Input Fuse
Efficiency
An input fuse (5 × 20 mm) fitted in the line (P) path mounted
inside the converter protects the module against severe
defects. (See also: Safety and Installation Instructions.) For
applications where the fuse should be accessible: see Op-
tion F.
The extremely high efficiency of the T series is achieved by
using a single step power factor corrected converter topo-
logy together with the most advanced technology in power
conversion.
It allows a very compact design in a fully enclosed case
without forced cooling.
Table 3: Fuse Type
Eff.
0.96
04024
Series
LT
Schurter type
Part number
0001.1012
0001.2514
SP F 6.3 A, 250 V
SPT 10 A, 250 V
0.94
0.92
0.90
0.88
0.86
0.84
0.82
UT
Inrush Current
The T units operate with 4 µF input capacitance resulting in
a low peak current of short duration when the unit is con-
nected to the mains. During switch on the input current can
rise up to the input current limit Ii L. As a direct result of the
low and short inrush current and controlled charging proce-
dure of the output capacitors, the unit can be hot plugged to
the mains causing only negligible disturbances. The LT in-
rush current is a factor 10 smaller than defined in the ETS
300 132-1 standard for Telecom Systems. However the unit
should be plugged-in smoothly giving time to the output ca-
pacitors to be charged.
Io [A]
0.80
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Ui = 110 V
Ui = 230 V
rms
rms
Fig. 3
Efficiency versus load of LT 1701
Input Under-/Overvoltage Lock-Out
If the specified input voltage range Ui is exceeded, the unit
stops operation temporarily resulting in reduced output
power and increased RFI. The input is protected by
varistors. Continuous overvoltage will destroy the unit.
04026
Ii [mA/W]
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
If the sinusoidal input voltage stays below the input under-
voltage lock-out threshold Ui, the unit will be inhibited.
Power Factor, Harmonics
Limit class D according
to IEC/EN 61000-3-2
Power factor correction is achieved by controlling the input
current waveform synchronously with the input voltage
waveform. The power factor control is active in all operating
conditions (voltage regulation, output power limitation, cur-
rent limitation). The power factor control also works with dif-
ferent input voltage waveforms and frequencies. Operation
at frequencies above 60 Hz will result in higher leakage cur-
rents. For special applications with different frequencies or
non-sinusoidal wave forms, please contact Melcher.
1.5
1.0
0.5
Harm.
0
3
5
7
9
11
13 15
17 19
Fig. 4
Harmonic distortion at input LT 1740-7Z, Ui = Uinom
Io = Io nom
,
PF
04023
1.00
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.90
0.88
0.86
0.84
0.82
I [mA/W]
3.5
04025
i
3.0
Limit class D according
to IEC/EN 61000-3-2
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
Io [A]
0.80
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Harm.
3
5
7
9
11
13 15
17 19
UT 1740-7Z at Ui = 110 Vrms
LT 1740-7Z at Ui = 230 Vrms
Fig. 5
Harmonic distortion at input UT 1740-7Z, Ui = Uinom
Io = Io nom
,
Fig. 2
Power factor
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Electrical Output Data of the Rectifier Version
General conditions:
– TA = 20°C, unless TC is specified.
– Ui = Ui nom, f = 50 Hz
Table 4: Output data
Output
LT/UT 1201
LT/UT 1701
LT 1702
Characteristic
Conditions
min typ max min typ max min typ max Unit
Uo set
Output voltage adjustment
Ui nom
24.25
54.5
48.0
V
Io = 0.5 • Io nom
Uo set tol Uo setting tolerance
24.0
24.5 54.25
24.95 52.8
54.75 47.75
55.8 46.3
48.25
49.3
Uo
Output voltage over input voltage and1 load Ui min...Ui max
23.35
(See fig.: Typical output voltage verus
input voltage and output current.)
Io = 0.01•Io nom
...Io nom
Uo L
Output Overvoltage protection by
electronic inhibit
32.5
59.3
59.3
aUo
Io nom
Io L
Temperature coefficient of output voltage
Nominal output current
Current limit 2
TC fixed value
–5
16
–5
10
–5
11
mV/K
A
Uo = 20 V
Ui nom
18 4
400
14.5
550
14.5
550
Po L
uo
Output power limit 2
W
Vpp
mVpp
Vpp
V
Output voltage noise
Low frequency
Switching freq.
Total
Io nom
IEC/EN 61204 5
BW = 20 MHz
0.85
1.0
1.05
40
40
40
0.9
0.6
1.05
1.2
1.1
1.2
DUo I
Static load regulation 1 (See fig.: Typical
output voltage versus input voltage and
output current.)
Io = 0.01•Io nom
...Io nom
DUo U Static line regulation (See: Typical output
voltage versus input voltage and output
current.)
Ui =Ui min...Ui max
Io nom
0.3
0.8
0.8
uo d
t d
Dynamic load regulation 3 Voltage deviation UI nom
1.7
2.2
2.2
(See fig.: Dynamic cha-
racteristic under varying
load conditions.)
I
o nom ↔ 1/10 Io nom
Recovery time
0.25
0.25
0.25
s
IEC/EN 61204 6
Co
Internal output capacitance
86
41
41
mF
1 Output voltage decreases with rising output current because of output voltage slope for automatic current sharing capability.
2 Due to the large output capacitors the maximum transient value can be much higher.
3 Deviation limited by output overvoltage protection.
4 No power limitation, but current limitation.
5 See: Technical Information: Measuring and Testing.
6 See fig.: Dynamic load regulation.
Output Characteristics (Recifier Version)
Output
voltage
Output
power
Output
current
The T 1701/1702 types can be operated in 3 different
modes:
Uo [V]
60
regulation limitation limitation
– Output voltage regulation
– Output power limitation
– Output current limitation
50
40
30
– In output voltage regulation mode the T unit can be oper-
ated within the full temperature range –25...71°C.
– In output power or current limitation mode the max. ambi-
ent temperature TA should not exceed 65°C with free air
convection cooling.
20
10
0
Fig. 6
Io [A]
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Output characteristics LT 1701-7
Ui = 110 Vrms
Ui = 230 Vrms
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
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Output voltage regulation (Rectifier Version)
Output current limitation (Rectifier Version)
The output voltage of rectifier models is adjusted to a fixed
value Uo set. It relates to the output current and the input
voltage which ensures automatic current sharing operation
without further precautions when several units are con-
nected in parallel. Rising output current and falling input
voltage lead to a decrease of the output voltage, according
to the formula:
The output of the T units is fully protected against continu-
ous short circuit. The maximum constant current is limitted
to Io L (see table: Electrical output data). As the LEDs indi-
cating the system status are driven from the output voltage,
in short circuit mode all LEDs switch off.
04027
Uo [V]
54.5
48
Uo ≈ Uo set tol + (0.5 – Io/Ionom) • DUo l + (Ui - Ui nom)/100 V •
DUo U
∆Uo
05081
38
2%
1%
Uo set
0
Io [A]
0
–1%
–2%
10 11
14.5
Load
regulation
Fig. 8
Typical output voltage versus output current of UT/LT 1701/
1702
Io/Io nom
0.01
0.5
1
Uo [V]
Fig. 7
Typical output voltage versus input voltage and output
current of LT 1701
05048
24
Note: Units with different output voltage regulation charac-
teristics (e.g. less output current dependency) are available
upon request.
Io [A]
0
Output power limitation (Rectifier Version)
16
Especially for power systems with an output voltage of 48V
and more, the rectifier models T 1701/1702 feature an out-
put power limitation mode. The output power is kept con-
stant down to an output voltage of approximately 38 V. This
provides improved start-up capabilities of power systems
including switched mode power supplies connected to the
DC bus (e.g. Melcher CQ units). At maximum load there is
no need for a special start-up procedure.
Fig. 9
Typical output voltage versus output current of UT/LT 1201
Hold-up Time (Rectifier Version)
The hold-up time depends upon the output voltage at the
time of failure, the minimum acceptable output voltage and
the load according to the following formula:
2
Uo2 – Uo
min u
The maximum input current is limited to I i L. At lower input
voltage Ui red the maximum output power is limited to:
thold = –––––––––––– • (Co + Cext
)
2 • Po
Po ≈ h • Ui red • Ii L
(h = efficiency ≈ 90%)
The T 1201 types have no output power limitation charac-
teristic.
where:
Uo
Uo min u = Minimum acceptable output voltage
= Output voltage at the moment of mains failure
Po
= Average output power during hold up time
= Internal output capacitance
Co
Cext
= External output capacitance (e.g. on backplane)
Output Overvoltage Protection (Rectifier Version)
Examples of t hold are given in the table below:
A slight output voltage overshoot may occur at turn on, in-
hibit release or during fast load changes. A second, inde-
pendent control loop interrupts operation above Uo L indi-
cated by the red LED. The output voltage remains below
60 V (SELV) under all operating conditions.
Table 5: Hold-up time thold for T1701
Uo = 54 V
Po [W]
Uo min u
Unit
Note: There is no specific built-in protection against exter-
nally applied overvoltages or transient sources like e.g.
motors. Never apply voltages >60 V (>35 V) to the output.
Otherwise the unit may be damaged.
46 V
43 V
40 V
38 V
100
200
300
400
500
550
164
82
55
41
33
30
219
109
73
55
44
270
135
90
67
54
302
151
101
75
60
55
ms
40
49
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
U
Uo
05051
mains failure
05049
DUo I
10% DUo d
Uo
Ut
low load
Uo
DUod
heavy load
Uo min u
td
t
t
t
Io /Io nom
warning time
1
0.9
thold
0.1
Fig. 10
Hold up and warning time with power down output signal.
Fig. 12
The table: Hold up time also gives information about the
warning time of the power down signal. If for example the
threshold level Ut of the power down signal is set to 43 V
and the minimum acceptable voltage of the load is 38 V the
time between the activation of the power down signal and
the switch-off of the load (550 W) will be 15 ms (55 ms -
40 ms).
Dynamic characteristics under varying load conditions
(see: Electrical Output Data)
Inhibit input (Rectifier Version)
The rectifier versions are equipped with the inhibit function
only. (The Ucr remote control is used with the battery char-
ger version.)
Pulse Loading (Rectifier Version)
The unit is enabled by a logic high signal and disabled by a
logic low signal. This input is TTL/CMOS compatible, a re-
sistor <50 Ω disables the unit, a resistor >30 kΩ enables it.
The switch-on time tr of the unit, i.e. the time delay between
powering until the full output power is available, is typically
100 ms.
To prevent an overload of the output and filter capacitors
the superimposed AC ripple current at the output should be
limited as shown below. For high current pulse loads exter-
nal capacitors are recommended.
For other pulse loads than stated in the figure below, e.g.
The hold up time at the output after inhibiting depends on
the load, the internal capacitance of the unit and additional
capacitance on the DC bus.
Ui < Ui nom, Io > Io nom, please contact Melcher.
Io PL [Arms
]
05050
The inhibit input is protected against DC overvoltage up to
60 V.
15
Ui = Ui nom
Average output current = Io nom
06116
4
12
28
P~
Vo+
i/Ucr
10
5
Iinh
Uinh
TC = 50°C
T1000
TC = TC max
N~
6
22
Vo–
0
f
PL [Hz]
100
1 k
10 k
50
Fig. 13
Inhibit signal connection
Fig. 11
Maximum allowable AC ripple output current superim-
posed on the average output current Io nom with LT 1701
unit.
Table 6: Characteristics of the inhibit signal
Characteristics
Conditions min typ max Unit
Uinh Inhibit
voltage
Uo = on Ui min...Ui max 2.5
TC min...TC max
60
V
kΩ
V
Rinh Resistance Uo = on
30
to Vo–
Uinh Inhibit
voltage
Uo = off
-0.7
0.4
50
Rinh Resistance Uo = off
Ω
tr
Switch-on time
until full power avail.
Ui nom
100
3
ms
Pinh Input power with
inhibited unit
W
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T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Electrical Output Data of Battery Charger Version
General conditions:
– TA = 20°C, unless TC is specified.
– Ui = Ui nom, f = 50 Hz
Table 7: Output data
Output
LT/UT 1240
LT/UT 1740
LT 1840
Characteristic
Conditions
min typ max min typ max min typ max Unit
Uo set
Output voltage adjustment 1
Ui nom
27.25
54.5
40.88
V
Io = 0.5 • Io nom
Uo set tol Uo setting tolerance 1
Uo range Output voltage range 2
27.2
25.25
26.8
27.3 54.45
28.25 50.5
27.6 53.8
27.65 54.0
54.55 40.83
56.5 37.9
55.0 40.3
55.1
40.93
42.4
41.3
Uo
Output voltage over input voltage
LT Ui min...Ui max
and load 3, 1 (See fig.: Typical output
voltage versus input voltage and
output current.)
Io = 0.01•Io nom
UT
26.9
...Io nom
Uo L
Output overvoltage protection by
electronic inhibit
32.5
59.3
48.4
aUo
Io nom
Io L
Temperature coefficient of output voltage TC fixed value
Nominal output current
–3
14.5
20
–3
10
–3
11
mV/K
A
Current limit 5
14.5
550
16
Po L
uo
Output power limit 5
Output voltage noise
Ui nom
400
450
W
Low frequency
Switching freq.
Total
Io nom
IEC/EN 61204 7
BW = 20 MHz
0.71
1.0
0.85 Vpp
mVpp
40
40
40
0.75
0.4
1.05
0.6
0.9
0.6
Vpp
V
DUo I
Static load regulation 3 (See fig.: Typical
output voltage versus input voltage and
output current.)
Io = 0.01•Io nom
...Io nom
DUo U
Static line regulation (See fig.: Typical
output voltage versus input voltage and
output current.)
Ui =Ui min...Ui max
Io nom
0.2
0.35
0.25
uo d
t d
Dynamic load regulation6 Voltage
(See fig.: Dynamic charac- deviation
UI nom
1.6
0.2
2.0
0.2
2.5
0.2
I
o nom ↔ 10%
8
teristics under varying
Io nom
Recovery time
s
load conditions without
battery back-up.)
IEC/EN 61204
C0
Internal output capacitance
86
41
49
mF
1 Output voltage adjustment with Ucr = 9.5 V (2.27 V/cell).
2 Defined by sensor, by remote control and by voltage selector switch.
3 Output voltage decreases with rising output current because of output voltage slope for automatic current sharing capability.
5 Due to the large output capacitors the maximum transient output current can be much higher than Io L , Po L, respectively.
6 Without battery backup.
7 See: Technical Information: Measuring and testing.
8 See fig.: Dynamic load regulation. Load current change for specified output. Other outputs loaded with Io nom
.
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
∆Uo
Output Characteristics (Battery Charger Version)
05046
The battery charger versions T 1240/T 1740/T 1840 series
can be operated in 3 different modes:
– Output voltage regulation
– Output power limitation
– Output current limitation
1.1%
0.55%
Uo set
0
Output
voltage
Output
power
Output
current
Load
regulation
–0.9%
Uo [V]
60
regulation limitation limitation
Io/Io nom
0.01
0.5
1
50
40
30
Fig. 15
Typical output voltage versus input voltage and output
current of the LT 1740.
Output power limitation (Battery Charger Version)
All battery charger versions feature an output power limita-
tion mode where the output power is kept constant from
2.35 V/cell (for lead acid batteries) to 1.6 V/cell. This pro-
vides better starting up capabilities for power systems in-
cluding switched mode power supplies connected to the
DC bus when the battery is charged.
20
10
0
Io [A]
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
The maximum input current is limited to Ii L. At lower input
voltage Ui red, the maximum output power is limited to:
Ui = 110 Vrms
Ui = 230 Vrms
Fig. 14
Output characteristics LT 1740-7
Po ≈ h • Ui red • Ii L (h = efficiency ≈ 90%)
Typical output characteristics according to type
– In output voltage regulation mode the T unit can be oper-
ated within the full temperature range –25...71°C.
06065
Uo
28.25 V
– In output power or current limitation mode the max. ambi-
ent temperature TA should not exceed 65°C with free air
convection cooling.
26.7 V
25.25 V
19 V
Output current limitation (Battery Charger Version)
The output of the T units is fully protected against continu-
ous short circuit. The maximum constant current is limitted
to Io L (see table: Electrical output data). As the LED indicat-
ing the system status are driven from the output voltage, in
short circuit all LED‘s will switch off.
Io
0
15 A
20 A
Fig. 16
Typical output voltage versus output current of UT/LT 1240
06066
Uo
56.5 V
Output voltage regulation (Battery Charger Version)
54.5 V
50.5 V
In normal operating mode (unit neither in power limitation
nor in current limitation) the output is regulated by a voltage
feedback loop. It is adjustet to Uo set and can be set by the
cell voltage selector switch to the appropriate float charge
voltage of the battery.
38 V
Io
The battery charger version features a control input (pin 28)
for remote output voltage adjustment either by a voltage
source, a temperature sensor or an external potential di-
vider (see: Output voltage control via Inhibit/Ucr remote
control input). For fine tuning, the units are fitted with a trim
potentiometer accessible from the rear of the connector.
0
10 A
14.5 A
Fig. 17
Typical output voltage versus output current of UT/LT 1740
06067
Uo
42.4 V
40.88 V
37.9 V
The output voltage relates to the output current and the in-
put voltage which ensures automatic current sharing opera-
tion without further precautions when several units are con-
nected in parallel. An increase in output current and a de-
crease in input voltage decreases the output voltage, ac-
cording to the formula: Uo ≈ Uo set tol + (0.5 – Io/Io nom) • DUo I
+ (Ui – Ui nom)/100 V • DUo U
28.5 V
Io
0
11 A
16 A
Fig. 18
Note: Units with different output voltage regulation e.g.
less output current dependency are available upon request.
Typical output voltage versus output current of LT 1840
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Output Overvoltage Protection (Battery Charger
Version)
Dynamic output characteristic
Uo
05051
A slight output voltage overshoot may occur at turn on, in-
hibit release or during fast load changes. A second inde-
pendent control loop interrupts operation above Uo L, indi-
cated by the red LED. The output voltage remains below
60 V (SELV) under all operating conditions.
DUo I
Uo
10% DUo d
DUod
Note: There is no specific built-in protection against ex-
ternally applied overvoltages or transient sources like
e.g. motors. Never apply voltages exceeding Uo L to the
output. Otherwise the unit may be damaged.
td
t
t
Io /Io nom
1
0.9
0.1
Fig. 19
Dynamic characteristics under varying load conditions
(see Electrical output data) without battery back-up.
Control Features of the Battery Charger Version
According to the recommendations of battery manufactur-
ers, the float charge voltage of a lead acid battery should be
temperature compensated. Depending upon the battery
type and size, charging with different temperature coeffi-
cients may be required. An excessive float charge voltage
may damage the battery through overcharging.
Cell voltage selector switch Z
The standard units T xx40-7Z are equipped with the cell
voltage selector switch at the rear side of the unit, which
provides an easy way of external adjustment to the recom-
mended float charge voltage for specific battery types.
Each switch position allows a step in the output voltage of
10 mV/cell whereby the switch position "0" represents a cell
voltage of 2.23 V at 20°C and the switch position "C" gives
2.35 V per cell.
Most lead acid battery manufacturers recommend cell volt-
ages between 2.23 V and 2.32 V with the nominal cell volt-
age defined at 20°C and temperature coefficients between
–3 and –4 mV/K/cell.
The cell voltage selector switch fits together with the
Melcher 2.23 V temperature sensor. The float charge volt-
age is set by the switch and the temperature coefficient is
specified by the sensor type.
The value of the negative temperature coefficient, is speci-
fied by the temperature sensor.
With the cell voltage selector switch Z the required cell volt-
age can be adjusted at the rear of the unit, making the sys-
tem flexible to different float charge voltages of battery sys-
tems.
06068
2.23 V
2.24 V
2.25 V
0
Where the selector switch Z is not applicable, a cell voltage
adjustment can also be provided via the temperature sen-
sor (see: Temperature Sensor).
2.26 V
2.27 V
2.28 V
4
2.35 V
C
Although it is not recommended, the output voltage can be
set to a fixed value without temperature compensation by
an external voltage source or a resistive voltage divider at
the remote control input (e.g. if the battery temperature
shall be controlled by other systems, see: Output voltage
control via Inhibit/Ucr remote control input).
8
2.29 V
2.30 V
2.32 V
2.31 V
Fig. 20
Cell voltage selector switch
What needs to be considered with all battery charger types:
The final float charge voltage is only reached with a fully
loaded battery. Since new batteries directly supplied from
the manufacturer are only charged to 70...80% of their ca-
pacity, the battery system should be operated for min. 72 h
prior to checking the float charge voltage.
Important: Setting the switch to the correct battery cell
voltage is vital for the proper operation of a battery sys-
tem. Check whether the switch position corresponds to
the required battery cell voltage prior to putting a system
into operation.
Note: Switching to a different cell voltage while the T unit is
in operation may cause a small and short distortion of the
output voltage.
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AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Potentiometer for fine tuning
T units are fitted with a one-turn potentiometer for fine tun-
ing of the output voltage to within ±3.70/00 of Uo. The
potentiometer is protected by a plastic cover. To adjust the
output voltage for improved current sharing or compensa-
tion for voltage drops over the load lines, each of the T units
in a system should be unplugged and adjusted individually
to the same output voltage at equal load; otherwise current
sharing may adversely be affected.
Output voltage control via Inhibit/Ucr remote control input.
Table 8: Characteristics of the inhibit signal
Characteristics
Conditions
min
2.5
typ
max
60
Unit
V
Uinh
Rinh
Uinh
Rinh
tr
Inhibit voltage
Uo = on
Uo = on
Uo = off
Uo = off
Ui min...Ui max
TC min...TC max
Resistance to Vo-
Inhibit voltage
30 k
– 0.7
Ω
0.4
50
V
Resistance to Vo-
Ω
Switch on time until full power available
Input power at inhibited unit
Uinom
Uinom
100
3
ms
W
Pinh
T 1240
T 1740
The Inhibit/Ucr remote control input at connector pin 28 pro-
vides two functions:
T 1840
Uo [V]
06069
56.5
28.25 42.37
– External adjustment of the output voltage
– Inhibiting of the unit
55
54
53
52
A voltage <0.4 V inhibits the output, a voltage >2.5 V ena-
bles it.
41
27
By the Ucr remote control input range of 5.5 V < U cr
< 11.5 V, the output voltage Uo set can be adjusted within a
range of +3.6% to –7.9%. This feature is optimized to con-
trol the float charge of lead acid batteries.
39
26
Outside of the control range, the sensor monitoring circuit
generates a system error signal (see also: System Good).
50.5
25.25 37.85
In the case of a excessively high control voltage, the output
is reduced.
14
U
16
4
5 5.5
cr [V]
3
11.5
The remote control input is protected against DC overvolt-
age up to 60 V .
Signal high
Logic level of
System
Good
Signal low
5.3 V
signal
Ucr [V]
14 V
Fig. 21
Output voltage Uo versus control voltage Ucr, with corre-
sponding system good signal level
Table 9: Characteristics of the remote control
Characteristics
Conditions
LT/UT 1240
LT 1840
typ
LT/UT 1740
Unit
V
typ
typ
Uo
Output voltage at:
Voltage selector
switch Z set at
2.23 V/cell or without
selector switch
Ui nom
25.25
37.85
50.5
Ucr fail 2.5...5.5 V
Ucr control 5.5...11.5 V
Ucr clamp 11.5...14 V
Ucr fail 14...60 V
22.5 + Ucr • 0.5 33.75 + Ucr • 0.75
45 + Ucr
56.5
50.5
1
28.25
25.25
1
42.37
37.85
1
0.5 • Io nom
Rcr
fcr
Input impedance
Frequency limit
MΩ
1
1
1
Hz
Note: An open inhibit/Ucr remote control input leads to a
sensor error signal which is indicated by the Error LED at
the front and high impedance of the "System good" signal.
The output voltage is reduced to Ucr fail condition.
The inhibit input of the T xx40-7Z is not TTL/CMOS compat-
ible and should be triggered by a switch, a relay or an open
collector transistor.
If the voltage selector switch Z is not set at 2.23 V per cell,
the Ucr fail voltage rises accordingly.
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Remote control by a resistive potential divider
Remote control by an external voltage source.
With a resistive potential divider or a potentiometer con-
nected to the remote control input, a fixed output voltage
can be programmed:
05062
28
22
i/Ucr
+
Ext. voltage
source
5.5...11.5 V
Ucr
05063
Uo+
12
Vo+
–
Vo–
R1
R
i/Ucr
28
Fig. 23
Voltage setting by an external voltage source
Ucr
22
R2 = 1 MΩ • R/(1 MΩ + R)
Uo–
1 MΩ
Vo–
Remote control by a temperature sensor
05064
Fig. 22
Voltage setting by a resistive potential divider
–
+
Sensor Sensor Temperature
wires
cable
sensor
Ucr = Uo – 45 V
Ucr = (Uo – 33.75 V) • 4/
(LT/UT 1740)
(LT 1840)
28
12
22
i/Ucr
Vo+
Vo–
3
Ucr = 2 • Uo – 45 V
(LT/UT 1240)
–
+
Uo • R2
Ucr = ––––––––
(R1 + R2)
Battery
R2: Value with 1 MΩ internal resistance in parallel with R.
It is mandatory that:
Fig. 24
Voltage setting by a temperature sensor, wiring diagram
(R1 • R2)
(R1 + R2)
––––––– >35 kΩ
The Melcher temperature sensor provides a temperature
compensated charging process for lead acid batteries, see
also: Temperature Sensors.
otherwise the unit might not be able to start.
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T Series
Temperature Sensors
05065
The active T temperature sensors are of robust construc-
tion, mounted into a sealed aluminium tube of 12 mm outer
diameter and 50 mm length. The sensors are water proof
(IP 66) and high voltage tested with 1.4 kV DC. Connection
should be done via the colored 3-wire cable to the T unit
output (Vo+ and Vo-) and the remote control input Ucr.
Wrong connection may damage the sensor.
brown
white
green
12/14
Vo+
28
i/Ucr
Sensor
20/22
Vo–
Fig. 25
Wiring diagram sensor
The temperature sensor should be as close to the battery
terminal as possible for most accurate temperature meas-
urements.
Table 10: Type survey
Sensor types
Battery voltage
Float charge
Cell voltage
Temp. coefficient
Cable length
nominal [V]
voltage (20°C) [V]
(20°C) [V/cell]
[mV/K/cell]
[m]
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
S24-2.23-30-02
S24-2.23-35-02
S36-2.23-30-02
S36-2.23-35-02
S48-2.23-30-02
S48-2.23-35-02
S48-2.27-30-02
S48-2.27-35-02
24
24
36
36
48
48
48
48
26.76
2.23
–3.0
–3.5
–3.0
–3.5
–3.0
–3.5
–3.0
–3.5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
26.76
2.23
40.14
2.23
40.14
2.23
53.52
2.23
53.52
2.23
54.48
2.27
54.48
2.27
1 Standard types for conventional tubular lead acid batteries. The same sensor can be used for battery systems with different cell volt-
ages within the selectable range of Z. Each step on the selector switch changes the cell voltage by 10 mV in the range from 2.23 V up
to 2.32 V, at 20°C.
2 Standard types for sealed lead acid batteries for LT 1740 without option Z.
Battery specific sensors with cell voltages from 2.23 V up to
2.32 V and temperature coefficients from –2 up to –4.5 mV/
K/cell or different cable lengths are available upon request.
Since battery life is halved with every 10 K temperature in-
crease, it is recommended that the batteries be mounted at
the bottom of the cabinet or in a separate, cool area.
Note 3:
Important remarks
The sensor supply wire Vo+ (brown) should be refered to
the T unit output pin 12/14. If the sensor common (green)
wire is connected to the power bus, resistive voltage drops
or voltage drops across decoupling diodes in the Vo– sup-
ply line will be compensated by the sensor.
Note 1:
By choosing a battery with a large temperature coefficient
or with a high cell voltage, the required temperature range
may be limited by the output voltage control range of the T
unit(s).
Decoupling diodes or fuses in the Vo– supply line are not
recommended as in case of a short circuit across the output
of a T unit, status signalling of the system is affected.
Note 2:
The temperature sensor together with the mounting fixture
should be mounted as close as possible to the battery.
Through their chemical activity batteries may be warmer
than the ambient temperature. Battery banks heat up if they
are mounted too close together thus blocking free air flow.
Note 4:
For installation of batteries see also VDE 510 as well as the
recommendations of the battery manufacturers.
Table 11: Sensor data
Characteristics
Tsensor Sensor temperature range
Ucr
Condition
min
–10
3.9
typ
max
60
Unit
°C
V
Ucr = 5.5...11.5 V
Absolute ratings
Tsensor = 20°C
Tsensor = 0...53°C
Control voltage range
15
Ucr td
Control voltage tolerance
±0.1
±0.2
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Functional Features
Available Signals and Status Monitoring
With option D the output voltage can be sensed externally
for example to monitor the system bus decoupled from the
power supplies by diodes or fuses.
The T series feature an inhibit function as well as several
voltage monitoring and indicating functions for easy control
and surveillance of a complete custom specific power sup-
ply system. All the surveillance functions are driven from
the T output potential and also operate in case of a mains
failure down to an output voltage of 5 V. The power con-
sumption of the surveillance circuit is typically 10 mA to
20 mA.
With option D a resistor of 43.2 kΩ 1% (21.5 kΩ for T 1840)
should be fitted externally into the sense line to the bus (see
fig.: With option D; Power down signal monitoring...).
06050
+
–
12
Vo+
Available functions:
– Power Down
D
D set
Sys In
Sys Out pin 26
i/Ucr pin 28
pin 30
pin 32
pin 24
Vo– 22
– System Good
43.2 kΩ
(21.5 kΩ)
R
External adjustment
of the threshold
level Ut
Rext
32
– Inhibit/Ucr remote control
(see Chapters: Rectifier respectively: Battery Charger)
D set
T 1000-7
Optical status monitoring is indicated by 3 LEDs on the front
panel:
Fig. 26
Standard version; Power down signal monitoring directly
the output of the T unit.
– System
– Uo
(OK)
(OK)
green
green
red
06051
– Error
+
–
F
Test sockets at the front panel allow easy measurement of
the output voltage.
Vo+
12
Power Down
Vo–
22
The power down circuitry monitors the output voltage and
changes its output signal status from low to high impedance
when the output voltage falls below the low threshold level
and changes back to low impedance, when the output volt-
age exceeds the upper threshold level. The rectifier ver-
sions have a relatively small hysteresis of 1 V, the battery
charger versions have a large hysteresis. The upper
threshold level is given the low threshold level is externally
adjustable at the D set pin 32. Power Down can for example
be used as a save data signal, for low voltage warning, as a
low battery signal to avoid deep discharge of the battery
during long term mains failure or to prevent connected con-
verters from starting-up at a low bus voltage. For applica-
tion examples see figures below for power down use.
External adjustment of
R
43k2
R
ext
the threshold level U
t
D set 32
(21k5)
T 1000-7D
Fig. 27
With Option D; Power down signal monitoring the power
bus decoupled by a fuse.
Lower threshold level
With the resistor (Rext) connected to D set input pin 32 and
Vo- (or Vo+) the low threshold level can be increased (or
decreased) respectively. (See fig. above)
If the D set input is left open the low threshold level of the
power down signal is factory set to:
As it is driven from the output, power down operates inde-
pendently of the input voltage and load conditions, even if
the unit is inhibited.
T 12xx:
T 17xx:
T 18xx:
Ut set = 21.0 V
Ut set = 42.5 V
Ut set = 32.0 V
±0.4 V
±0.5 V
±0.4 V
The standard version monitors the output voltage internally
(see fig.: Standard version; Power down signal monitoring
directly the output of the T unit).
The approximate resistor values for given threshold levels
can be calculated from the following formulae; (Ut in V):
Table 12: Calculation of Rext
Types
Ut > Ut set
Ut < Ut set
(Rext. connected to Vo–)
(Rext. connected to Vo+)
T 12xx
463.5
Rext (Ut) = –––––––– [kΩ]
Ut –21.0
43.2 Ut – 463.5
Rext (Ut) = ––––––––––––– [kΩ]
21.0 – Ut
T 17xx
T 18xx
933
Rext (Ut) = –––––––– [kΩ]
Ut – 42.5
43.2 Ut – 933
Rext (Ut) = ––––––––––––– [kΩ]
42.5 – Ut
461
Rext (Ut) = –––––––– [kΩ]
Ut – 32.0
21.4 Ut – 461
Rext (Ut) = ––––––––––––– [kΩ]
32.0 – Ut
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T Series
The threshold level is adjusted to a DC output voltage.
When in operation a sinusoidal low frequency output ripple
is superimposed on the DC output voltage. It can be esti-
mated with Uov = Io/(2 • π • f • Co) where Co is the internal
capacitance of the output of the unit.
Power down output signal characteristics
The power down output D is an open collector transistor
referenced to Vo–, protected by a 62 V Zener diode, and is
well suited to driving an external relay.
Under normal operating conditions (Uo > Ut) the power
down output D has low impedance. If the output voltage
drops below the power down threshold level, the signal out-
put becomes high impedance.
Table 13: Resistor values (Rext) for given Power Down
threshold value Ut for LT 1740 (typical values)
Characteristics
Ut Power Down
Conditions
Ut
Unit
Table 14: Characteristics of Power Down functions
69 kΩ to Vo+
34.4
36.4
39.5
42.5
45.5
48.5
51.6
V
threshold level set by 106 kΩ to Vo+
Rext
Characteristics
Conditions
min typ max
Unit
254 kΩ to Vo+
left open
309 kΩ to Vo–
154 kΩ to Vo–
102 kΩ to Vo–
ID
Output
TC min...TC max
50 1
mA
sink current
Usat U saturation
Uz Zener voltage
Pz Z-diode PLOSS
ID = 50 mA
0.2
62
V
TC = 95 °C
500
mW
Upper threshold level
1 To be limited to 50 mA by the external circuitry.
The upper threshold level of the Power down function is
given.
06053
The rectifier units T xx01/02 have a relatively small hyster-
esis of 1 V to prevent oscillation of the signal.
Vo+
12
D
30
The battery charger units T xx40 have a large hysteresis.
The upper level is set at 2.05 V/cell.
Vo–
To avoid deep discharge of the battery which would de-
crease the life expectancy, its load should be disconnected
from the battery at the low level of the Power down signal.
The battery voltage will then recover slowly up to its chemi-
cal equilibrium, about 2 V/cell. The load may not be con-
nected again to the battery until the T unit is operating and
charging it. Then the output voltage will be higher than
2.05 V/cell
22
R
ext
D set
32
T 1000
Fig. 29
Power Down
– External adjustment of threshold level Ut
– Signal electrically isolated by an external relay
High level of Power down signal
T 1240:
T 1740:
T 1840:
24.6 V
49.2 V
36.9 V
±0.3 V
±0.5 V
±0.4 V
06054
12
30
Vo+
D
U Bat
R
06052
U float
Battery
recovery
red LED
Load switch ON
Vo– 22
2.05 V/cell
2.0 V/cell
LED is "ON"
in case of
power down
T 1000
Hysteresis
Power Down
Fig. 30
U t
Load switch OFF
Battery
low
Remote indication of Power Down by LED
t
06055
Mains failure
Return of mains
+5 V
12
30
Vo+
D
Z
Power down signal
high
R
t
low
Fig. 28
Hysteresis of power down signal for battery charger types
with corresponding level of power down signal
CMOS, TTL
Vo– 22
T 1000
Fig. 31
Remote indication of the output voltage status by CMOS/
TTL interface for e.g. Save Data
Edition 4/4.99
17/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
06056
connecting the output of the system good signal of one unit
to the input of the next unit. Low voltage (impedance) of the
input and output has the meaning of "System good". The
first input of the system has to be connected to Vo–.
Vo+
12
Vi+
10 kΩ
0.5 W
D
30
22
The signal "System good" is activated (low impedance) if
the following conditions are met:
i
Vo–
No external fault
– The Sys input signal is logic low
Gi–
PSK/PSR
T 1000
AND
Fig. 32
No faults monitored by the T unit such as:
– Input overvoltage
– Input undervoltage (mains failure)
– Output overvoltage
Power Down used as inhibit to enable a system start-up in
case of subsequently connected step-down converters
PSK/PSR with low start-up voltage. (For CQ units no pull-
up resistor is required.)
– Output short circuit
– Internal overtemperature
– Internal circuit fault
System Good
The system good signal provides information about the
general function of the T 1000.
– Inhibit/Ucr remote control input error such as (inhibit)
voltage < 2.5 V (rectifier type); control voltage out of
range 5.3 V > Ucr > 14 V (battery charger type) or sensor
not connected, open remote control input.
It can be used to monitor the status of a single T unit or can
be linked with other signals within a power system to drive
one single logic signal for the status of the whole system by
Table 15: Characteristics of the system good input and output
Characteristics
Conditions
min
typ
max
6.2
Unit
µA
V
ITrig
UTrig
ITrig
UTrig
Isys
Trigger level for logic
low input (= System OK)
current driven
voltage driven
current driven
voltage driven
Ui min...Ui max
TC min...TC max
100
– 0.4
Trigger level for logic
high input (= System Failure)
0
A
>7.5
60
50
V
Output sink current 1
mA
V
Usat
UZ
Saturation voltage
ISys Out = 50 mA
0.2
Zener voltage protection diode
Power disipation Zener diode
62
PZ
TC = 95°C
500
mW
1 To be limited to 50 mA by the external circuitry.
Signal input:
Signal output:
The system good input (Sys In) can be voltage or current
driven. To trigger the internal comparator, the voltage at the
Sys In pin has to be <6.2 V if voltage driven. If current
driven, the sink current to Vo– has to be >100 µA. An easy
way to drive the system good input is achieved by means of
an open collector transistor, or a 10 V CMOS interface.
(See figures below)
The system good signal output (Sys Out) is an open collec-
tor transistor referenced to Vo–, protected by a 62 V zener
diode. The output is well suited for relay applications.
06060
12
Vo+
Sys Out
Note: If only the internal status of a T unit is to be moni-
tored, Sys In has to be connected to Vo–.
26
22
No external free-
wheeling diode across
relay necessary
06057
Vo–
Vo+
T 1000
Logic high if no internal
T unit error and no inhibit
12
Fig. 34
ISys Out
Sys Out
26
System status signal electrically isolated by an external
relay
Logic AND
Ref.
+
ISys In
Sys In
24
–
Logic high if
ISys In > 100 µA
Vo–
22
Fig. 33
Equivalent circuit of system good input and output
Edition 4/4.99
18/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Paralleling of Power Down and System Good
(Example)
Connection in Series of Power Down and System
Good (Examples)
To achieve a logic AND function of the System Good and
Power Down connect the D output with the system good
output. This combination generates an output signal only in
case of severe system errors. Only a T system fault to-
gether with a simultaneous Power Down of the output volt-
age will cause this output signal to become high imped-
To achieve a logic OR function of the system good and
power down signal connect the D output to Sys In. The de-
sired function is then obtained from the system good out-
put. The output signal becomes high if the output voltage is
lower than the threshold of the power down circuit, inhibit is
applied or an internal error has occurred.
ance.
06061
06062
Vo+
Vo+
20/22
Vo–
20/22
Vo–
T 1000
T 1000
24
Sys In
R
24
Sys In
R
26
Sys Out
26
Sys Out
Internal
signals
Internal
signals
28
Inhibit
28
Inhibit
Vo+
Vo+
30
D
30
D
32
D set
32
D set
Fig. 35
Fig. 37
System Good and Power Down connected in series.
Note: Output signal will indicate error at start-up.
System Good and Power Down connected in parallel.
1 k
Output
Control
Circuit
20 V
CQ1
CQ2
CQn
06059
Sys In
Vo+
12
Sys In
24
Vo+
12
24
1 k
Sys Out
Sys Out
26
Output
Control
Circuit
26
Overall
System
Good
20 V
Vo–
Vo–
Vo–
Vo–
22
22
22
T 1000
T 1000
1 k
Output
Control
Circuit
20 V
Fig. 36
Wired AND of electrically isolated open collector signals
(e.g. the OUT OK signal of CQ units) with the system
good signals of T units in series to achieve one signal
about the status of the whole system
Edition 4/4.99
19/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Display Status of LEDs
LED Sys OK (green)
– Input overvoltage
corresponds to the system good signal. The LED is ON if no
internal or external error is detected.
– Input undervoltage (mains failure)
– Output overvoltage
– Output short circuit
– Output voltage below threshold Ut
– Internal overtemperature
LED Uo OK (green)
indicates the output voltage status. It corresponds to the
power down signal. The LED is ON as long as Uo has ex-
ceeded the upper threshold level and has not fallen below
the low threshold level Ut.
– Internal circuit fault
– Inhibit/Ucr remote control input error such as:
– (inhibit) voltage <2.5 V rectifier type
– Remote control voltage out of range
(5.3 V > Ucr > 14 V) battery charger type
– Sensor not connected, open remote control input
LED Error (red)
is ON if one or more of the following conditions is detected:
Table 16: System monitoring
Signal status and LED display status depending on the situation of the various system elements
Possible Situation
Open collector output
LED
Uo OK
on
System Good Power Down
Sys OK
on
Error
off
All OK
low
low
low
2
2
2
3
2
No mains and battery OK or no mains and Uo > Ut
Unit inhibited and battery OK or unit inhibited and Uo > Ut
Internal error
high
off
on
on
System good input logic high
high
high
high
low
low
high
high
high
low
off
off
off
on
off
on
off
off
off
on
off
on 1
off
No mains and battery low or no mains and Uo < Ut
Short circuit on LT output, Uo < 4 V
Current limit LT output, Uo > 4 V, Uo < Ut
2
on
Battery charger type T xx40: sensor not connected or out of range
high
on
1 LED is on until the output capacitors are discharged.
2 Sys In connected to Vo–.
3 Sys In not connected to Vo– (single T status monitoring) or system status monitoring (see: System Integration).
Edition 4/4.99
MELCHER
20/33
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Auxilliary Functions
Connection in Parallel and in Series
06078
12
Vo+
The output of the T units may either be connected in series
or in parallel.
Connection in parallel: Current sharing between paralleled
units is ensured by the output characteristic slope. Several
T units may be connected in parallel.
T xx40
Sensor
Sensor
200 k
200 k
i/Ucr
28
Vo–
Connection in series: A maximum of 2 T units may be con-
nected in series, however the resulting output voltage of up
to 110 V would no longer be SELV. For safety reasons the
installation at the output should be protected with supple-
mentary insulation (IEC/EN 60950).
22
Fig. 38
Sensors connected in parallel.
Sensors in parallel provide redundant voltage adjustment
in case of one of the sensors in open circuit or short circuit
(add. external components required)
Power Boosting, Redundant Configuration,
Hot Plug-in
For redundant configurations the outputs should be de-
coupled to protect the DC-bus in case of an internal short
circuit at the output of any of the paralleled T units.
To enable hot plug-in in systems decoupled with fuses the T
series is fitted with an NTC resistor limiting the reverse cur-
rent flowing into the discharged output capacitors (see:
Functional Description).
Decoupling may either be done using series diodes or us-
ing appropriate fuses in the output path of each T unit. If the
battery voltage is to be monitored, choose T units with op-
tion D.
For this purpose the pins 16 and 18 have to be connected
to Vo+ and Vo– respectively (see fig.: T xx40 with battery
back-up).
Decoupling diodes provide reverse polarity protection with
no reverse current in case of hot plug-in, but have the dis-
advantage of the forward voltage drop over the diode and
higher power loss.
Since pins 16 and 18 are leading pins, the output capacitors
are precharged through the internal NTC resistor prior to
any other pin making contact. This protects the connector
and prevents the DC bus voltage from dropping during hot
plug-in. Hot plugging should be done gently. Subsequent
hot plug-out/plug-in of a unit with a hot NTC should be
avoided as current limiting will be poor. After disconnecting
an operating unit it should be cooled down prior to recon-
necting to the bus to avoid damage of the fuse or the con-
verter.
For battery applications decoupling of the T units with fuses
is recommended since the voltage drop over the decoup-
ling diodes would decrease the float charge voltage of the
battery. In case of an internal short circuit at the output of a
charger unit the battery will deliver a very large current
causing the respective fuse to blow. The fuse should be
mounted in the positive power path of the converter since
the monitoring signals of the T units are referenced to the
negative path. The fuse type should be suitable for DC ap-
plication having a current rating of 20 A or more with high
breaking capability, e.g. Littlefuse, series 314.
Note: The internal NTC limits the reverse charge current
flowing into the output capacitors of a T unit when it is
plugged into a battery buffered bus. Should however the T
unit already be connected when the battery is switched to
the bus, the resulting charge current will not be limited. To
avoid the fuse to blow or a possible arc across the circuit
breaker, the T units should be switched on to the mains
prior to connecting the battery. With decoupling diodes, no
reverse charge current flows from the power bus into the T
output capacitors.
Several T xx40 battery charger units connected in parallel
can be controlled by a single voltage source or a single sen-
sor wired to the remote control inputs. If sensors are con-
nected in parallel (redundant configuration), they should be
decoupled by 200 kΩ resistors, (see fig.: Sensors con-
nected in parallel). An individual sensor for each paralleled
T unit is not recommended because current sharing is af-
fected by the sensor tolerance.
T xx40
T xx40
The remote control input of the T xx40 units allows hot plug-
in to an operating battery system with a single sensor with-
out affecting the float charge voltage.
D set
D set
T 1000
R
43k2
R
43k2
T 1000
(21k5)
(21k5)
Fuse
Fuse
+
+
–
–
+
Fig. 40
T xx40 with battery back-up. Power Down signal monitor-
ing the battery voltage.
–
Fig. 39
T unit without battery back-up in redundant configuration
Edition 4/4.99
21/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Battery Size and Ripple Current
Combination of T Units and CQ Units without Battery
Some consideration should be given to the selection of the
battery size. According to VDE 0510 part 2, the low fre-
quency ripple current of the floating charge current should
not exceed 5 Arms per 100 Ah capacity (0.05 C). The power
factor corrected single step conversion of the line input volt-
age to the low DC output voltage generates a ripple voltage
at the output of twice the input frequency, causing a ripple
current into the connected battery.
In a complete power system consisting of two or more T
units in parallel combined with Melcher CQ units it may be
desirable to have one common signal indicating the status
of the whole system.
The Melcher CQ units provide a galvanically isolated signal
Out OK. To obtain a logic AND all CQ Out OK signals
should be connected in series (see also fig.: Wired AND of
galvanically isolated open collector signals). Out OK– of the
first CQ unit should be connected to Vo–, Out OK+ of the
last CQ unit should be connected to pin Sys In of one of the
T units. Sys Out should be connected to Sys In of the next T
unit. If one of the units fails (T or CQ ) it will be indicated by
the overall System Good (see fig. below).
For systems where only a small battery back-up time is re-
quired, battery charging by one T unit may be sufficient (see
also fig. below).
For systems with more than one T unit charging the battery
please refer to the chapter: Back Plane.
If in a system with 2 redundant T units Power Down is de-
sired as one common signal, independent of a possible fail-
ure of one of the two T units, simply interconnect the D pins
of the two T units. In this way Power Down only becomes
active if both T units fail which would result in the bus volt-
age falling (see fig. below).
06081
T 1000
Uo: 56.0 V
Load
T 1000
Note: Consider the behaviour of the signalling in a system
with decoupling diodes or fuses in the case of a T-failure,
with the secondary in short circuit.
Uo: 56.0 V
–
+
+
T 1700-7D
Uo range
50.5...56.0 V
06082
Battery
CQ 1
–
P
N
Vo+
Vo–
+
–
+
Out OK–
Out OK+
Fig. 41
–
+
–
+
–
R
Alternative configuration for a larger system with a small
battery
Sys Out
Overall
System
Good
Sys In
D
CQ 2
If the ripple current is too high e.g. in the case of a smaller
battery to be connected to the system, a large capacitor
with low impedance can be connected in parallel with the
battery. Another possibility is to connect an additional im-
pedance to the battery line, e.g. a choke or an NTC-resistor
(30 A or 60 A chokes are available on request. Please con-
sult Melcher's application center). Further considerations
for the selection of battery size include desired back-up
time, required battery life, temperature range and maxi-
mum permissible discharge current. Consult the manufac-
turers of lead-acid batteries for the final selection.
P
N
+
R
–
Out OK–
Out OK+
Power
Down
Sys Out
D
CQ 3
+
Vo+
Vo–
–
P
N
Out OK–
Out OK+
Sys In
–
+
Fig. 42
Caution: Lead-acid batteries can generate certain
amounts of H2 and O2 gas which can form explosive gas
mixtures. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in bat-
tery cabinets and installation rooms.
Monitoring of overall System Good and Power Bus Down
in a redundant system
Local regulations must be observed. Further information
about designing battery systems is contained in VDE 0510,
part 2.
Edition 4/4.99
22/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Low Battery Discharge Protection
Storing the System Good Signal
Since all monitoring functions are powered by the output of
the T unit or the battery in the case of a mains failure, Power
Down can be used to monitor the status of the battery and
to disconnect the load or part of it via the inhibit of the CQ
units when the battery voltage drops below the threshold
level of the Power Down. This prevents further discharge of
the battery. See also: Power Down.
For battery back-up systems located in inaccessible areas
it could be of interest to know, whether there has been a
Power Fail (interruption of the mains). To obtain this infor-
mation Sys Out should be connected to Sys In with a reset
button connected to Vo–. In this way a system failure like an
interruption of the mains will be stored at Sys Out until the
reset button is pressed.
+
–
–
+
06083
+
06084
+
Fuse
CQ
CQ
–
+
Vo+
HC+
HC–
Vo–
+
Out OK–
Out OK+
i
Fuse
Vo+
–
–
–
HC+
P
N
P
N
+
HC–
Vo–
+
Vo+
CQ
–
R
Out OK–
Out OK+
i
Sys Out
Sys In
+
P
N
P
N
Stored
Sys Out
–
D
–
Vo+
R
+
+
CQ
Sys Out
–
Temp. sensor
Reset
Out OK–
Out OK+
i
Sys In
D set
–
Fig. 44
43.2 kΩ
Storing the System Good signal
R
ext
+
–
Temp. sensor
Fig. 43
Disconnecting the loads at low battery voltage in case of
mains failure
06085
+5.1 V, 64 A (48 A*)
* For redundancy,
decoupling at the
CQ-outputs with
CQ
CQ
CQ
CQ
diodes is required.
24 V, 8 A
(4 A*)
12 V, 16 A
(8 A*)
CQ
CQ
CQ
N P
Fuse
Fuse
T
CQ
1740-7DZ
T
Back-up
battery
48 V
+
–
1740-7DZ
Temp. sensor
48 Vnom Power Bus (SELV)
(50.5...56.5 V DC)
System
Controller
Power down
DC bus good
Output good
Fig. 45
UPS uninteruptable power supply system
Edition 4/4.99
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MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
±12 V, 4 A
+5.1 V, 32 A
+24 V, 5 A
CQ
1001-6R
CQ
CQ
PSB
1001-6R
2320-7R
245-7R
Vo+
T 1701
P
N
Vo–
48 V DC nom Power Bus (SELV)
System
Controller
(53…56 V DC)
Power Down
DC bus good
Output good
M
Cooling fan
Lamps
PCB heating
Fig. 46
Front end with various loads (example)
Edition 4/4.99
24/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
A suppressor diode or a metal oxide VDR (depending upon
the type) together with an input fuse and an input filter form
an effective protection against high input transient voltages
which typically occur in most installations, but especially in
battery driven mobile applications. The T series has been
successfully tested to the following specifications:
Electromagnetic Immunity
Table 17: Immunity type tests
Phenomenon
Standard 4
Level
Coupling
mode 2
Value
applied
Waveform
Source
imped.
Test
procedure
In
Per-
oper. form.
1
Electrostatic
discharge
(to case)
IEC/EN
61000-4-2
4
contact discharge 8000 Vp
1/50 ns
330 Ω
10 positive and
10 negative
discharges
yes
air discharge
15000 Vp
1
Electromagnetic IEC/EN
3
antenna
10 V/m
AM 80%
1 kHz
n.a.
26…1000 MHz
yes
field
61000-4-3
1
Electrical fast
transient/burst
IEC/EN
61000-4-4
4
4
capacitive, o/c
2000 Vp bursts of 5/50 ns 50 Ω
1 min positive
1 min negative
transient per
yes
2.5/5 kHz over
15 ms; burst
direct,
i/c, +i/–i
4000 Vp
period: 300 ms
coupling mode
1
Surge
IEC/EN
61000-4-5
3
4
i/c
2000 Vp
1.2/50 µs
12 Ω
2 Ω
5 pos. and 5 neg.
surges per coupling
mode
yes
+i/–i
3
VDE 0160
II
+i/–i
2.3 • Uip
0.1/1.3 ms
1700 J 3 pos. and 3 neg.
yes
max
impulses
6 repetition
1
Conducted
disturbances
IEC/EN
61000-4-6
3
i, o, signal wires
10 Vrms
(140 dBµV)
AM 80%
1 kHz
150 Ω
0.15...80 MHz
yes
1 Normal operation, no deviation from specifications
2 i = input, o = output, c = case.
3 Normal operation, short deviation from specs. possible
4 Related and previous standards are referenced in: Technical Information: Standards
Electromagnetic Emission
The conducted noise emitted at the input of the T units
within the frequency range of 10 kHz to 30 MHz is below
level B according to CISPR 11/22/EN 55011/22 under all
operating conditions.
with an MDS-clamp and below level A, according to
CISPR 11/22/EN 55011/22 measured with an antenna.
The radiated noise of the T units between 30 MHz and
1 GHz will be reduced if the unit is built into a conductive
chromatized 19" rack, fitted with a Melcher front panel. For
units mounted otherwise, e.g. for wall mounting with option
B1 (base plate) the radiated noise may be above level A.
The radiated noise in the frequency range of 30 MHz to
300 MHz on the input- and the output-side of the T units
stays below the limit of CISPR 14/EN 55014 measured
[dBµV]
90
[dBµV/m]
50
07035
07039
A
80
A
40
70
B
B
60
30
20
10
50
40
30
20
10
[MHz]
0
0
MHz
Fig. 47
Fig. 48
Typical disturbance voltage (quasi-peak) at the input of a
T series AC-DC converter according to CISPR 11/22 and
Typical radiated electromagnetic field strength (quasi peak)
of an LT 1740 according to CISPR 11/22/EN 55011/22, nor-
malized to a distance of 10 m, measured on an open area
EN 55011/22, measured at Ui nom and Io nom
.
test site at Ui nom and Io nom
.
Edition 4/4.99
25/33
MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Immunity to Environmental Conditions
Table 18: Mechanical stress
Test method
Standard
Test conditions
Status
Ca
Ea
Eb
Fc
Damp heat
steady state
IEC/DIN IEC 60068-2-3
Temperature:
Relative humidity:
Duration:
40 ±2 °C
%
56 days
Unit not
operating
93 +2/-3
Shock
(half-sinusoidal)
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-27
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-29
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-6
Acceleration amplitude:
Bump duration:
Number of bumps:
100 gn = 981 m/s2
6 ms
18 (3 each direction)
Unit
operating
Bump
(half-sinusoidal)
Acceleration amplitude:
Bump duration:
Number of bumps:
40 gn = 392 m/s2
6 ms
6000 (1000 each direction)
Unit
operating
Vibration
(sinusoidal)
Acceleration amplitude:
0.21 mm (10...60 Hz)
3 gn = 29.4 m/s2 (60...2000 Hz) operating
10...2000 Hz
Unit
Frequency (1 Oct/min):
Test duration:
7.5 h (2.5 h each axis)
Fda Random vibration IEC 60068-2-35
Acceleration spectral density: 0.05 gn rms
Unit
wide band
Reproducibility
high
DIN 40046 part 23
Frequency band:
Acceleration magnitude:
Test duration:
20...500 Hz
4.9 gn rms
3 h (1 h each axis)
operating
Kb
Salt mist, cyclic
(sodium chloride
NaCl solution)
IEC/EN/DIN IEC 60068-2-52
Concentration:
Duration:
Storage:
Storage duration:
Number of cycles:
5% (30°C)
Unit not
operating
2 h per cycle
40°C, 93% rel. humidity
22 h per cycle
3
Table 19: Temperature specifications
Temperature
–7
Characteristic
TA Ambient operational
Conditions
min
–25
–25
typ
max
71
Unit
Io = 0...Io nom
°C
temperature range
Io > Io nom
65
Temperature range
for battery charging
limited by Ucr range
TC
Case operational
Io = 0...Io nom
–25
95
90
temperature range
at measurement point
(see: Mechanical Data)
Io > Io nom
–25
TS
Storage temperature
range (not operating)
–40
100
TCs
Shut down
case temperature
100
0.5
1
Rth CA Thermal resistance
case to ambient
convection
cooling
K/W
h
τC
Thermal time constant
of case
Table 20: MTBF
Values at specified
case temperature
Module types
Ground benign
Ground fixed
Ground mobile
Unit
40°C
40°C
70°C
50°C
MTBF 1
LT 1701-7
198'000
56'000
26'000
20'000
h
Device hours 2
810'000
1 Calculated in accordance with MIL-HDBK-217E (calculation according to edition F would show even better results)
2 Statistical values, based on an average of 4300 working hours per year and in general field use, over 3 years
Edition 4/4.99
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The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Environmental Conditions
Thermal Considerations
Despite the fact that the T series have a very high efficiency
the operating losses of the unit will heat the case. The heat
sinks are designed to dissipate the power losses at maxi-
mum output power over the specified temperature range
without forced cooling if the convection cooling provides
sufficient air volume, without obstructions for vertical air ex-
change below and above the units.
b) Unit operating with forced cooling (dotted line).
Under these conditions, the case temperature of the T
unit is decisive. With sufficient cooling provided (air
flow!), the unit still delivers 550 Watts output power in
voltage regulation mode even at 85°C ambient tempera-
ture, provided that the maximum case temperature of
95°C is not exceeded (Measuring point of case tempe-
rtature TC, see: Mechanical Data). If the case tempera-
ture does not exceed 90°C, steady operation in output
power or current limitation mode is still possible. Never-
theless it is not recommended to operate the units con-
tinuously close to the maximum case temperature since
life time will be reduced.
Because of the slightly higher power losses in output power
and current limitation mode the maximum admissible am-
bient and case temperature is then lower than in output
voltage regulation mode.
The T series have a built-in overtemperature shut down to
protect the internal circuitry.
Since the operating temperature of a power supply is of
major importance to reliability the following conditions
should be considered:
Derating is required for applications with higher operational
ambient temperature. Fig.: Output power vs. ambient tem-
perature shows the derating of the output power versus op-
erational temperature above the specified ambient tem-
perature of 71°C of an LT 17xx unit. Two different condi-
tions are shown:
1. Do not cover heat sinks.
2. Do not obstruct air flow around the heat sinks.
3. Maximize free space around the units.
4. In a system where the power supplies as well as the
loads are located in the same enclosure, forced cool-
ing is recommended. The T units should be placed in
the lower section of the enclosure.
5. In a closed system heat may build up causing exces-
sive temperatures.
6. Always check the maximum ambient and case tem-
perature after system integration.
a) Unit operating with convection cooling (solid line).
For example if the operational ambient temperature
reaches 80°C, the maximum output power should be lim-
ited to approx. 290 W. In this case steady operation in
output power or current limitation mode is not possible.
Po max
(convection
cooling)
08002
Po [W]
550
290
Ploss [W]
Po max
(forced cooling)
08003
Output voltage
regulation mode
45
Output power limitation
40
(Io <10 A)
Output current limitation
35
30
Output power/current
limitation mode
(Io >10 A)
25
Output voltage regulation
20
0
TA [°C]
–25
50
60
70
80
90 95 100
15
10
5
Fig. 49
Output power versus ambient temperature of T 17xx
0
Po [W]
600
Ui = 230 Vrms
0
100
200
300
400
500
Ui = 110 Vrms
Fig. 50
Internal power losses versus nominal output power of
T 17xx
Edition 4/4.99
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MELCHER
The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Mechanical Data
Dimensions in mm. Tolerances ±0.3 mm unless otherwise indicated.
European
Projection
1.5
09036
System (ok) (green)
(ok) (green)
U
o
Testsockets
Error LED (red)
26.8
28 TE/141.5
60
T
30
Fixtures for retention clips
"V" for female connector
Measuring point 1
of case temperature Tc
Trim-potentiometer (T xx40)
Cell voltage selector switch Z (T xx40)
Input fuse (Option)
0.73
51/
2 TE
0.3
8 1/
2
TE
28 TE /142.2
Fig. 51
Case T01, weight 3.0 kg
Edition 4/4.99
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MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
12.35
5
158
12
ø 4.5
M4
17.3
133.4
168.5
5
119
8
171.93 (DIN 41494)
Measuring point of case temperature Tc
Front
panel
Fig. 52
Case T01 with option B1 (cooling plate)
09044
15
12
25 ± 0.2
l
≤60
adhesive tape
l: 2 m standard length
other cable lengths on request
Fig. 53
Temperature sensor with mounting fixture.
Edition 4/4.99
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The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
Safety and Installation Instructions
Table 21: H15 Connector pin allocation
Connector Pin Allocation
The connector pin allocation table defines the electrical
potentials and the physical pin positions on the H15 con-
nector. Pin no. 8 and pin no. 10, the protective earth pins
present on all T series AC-DC converters are leading, en-
suring that they make contact with the female connector
first.
Pin Electrical determination
Designation
4
6
8
Phase
P~
N~
Neutral
Protective earth 1
10 Protective earth 1
12 Output voltage positive
Vo+
Vo+
14 Output voltage positive
4
16 Hot plug-in contact 1 3 positive
18 Hot plug-in contact 1 3 negative
20 Output voltage negative
22 Output voltage negative
24 System good signal input
26 System good signal output
28 Inhibit input 2 or Remote control input
30 Power down signal
HC+
HC–
Vo-
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
Vo-
Sys In
Sys Out
i/Ucr
D
Fig. 54
32 Power down signal threshold of Uo
D set
View of module’s male H15 connector
1 Leading pin (pre-connecting).
2 Unit operates with open inhibit.
3 External connections see: Auxiliary Functions: Power Boosting,
Redundant Configuration, Hot Plug-in.
Installation Instruction
The T series AC-DC converters are components, intended
exclusively for inclusion within other equipment by an in-
dustrial assembly operation or by professional installers. In-
stallation must strictly follow the national safety regulations
in compliance with the enclosure, mounting, creepage,
clearance, casualty, markings and segregation require-
ments of the end-use application. See also: Technical Infor-
mation: Installation and Application.
Important: Do not open the modules, or guarantee will
be invalidated.
Caution: Prior to handling, the AC-DC converter must
be disconnected from mains and from other sources
(e.g. batteries). Check for hazardous voltages and haz-
ardous energy before and after altering any connec-
tions. Hazardous energy levels may be present at the
output terminals for 3 minutes even after the mains input
voltage has been disconnected from the unit. This is in-
dicated by the red error LED. It is the responsibility of the
installer to prevent an unwanted short-circuit of the AC-
DC converter and of the batteries. To prevent an un-
wanted short-circuit across the output of a disconnected
unit, pins 16 and 18 are leading. In case of a short-circuit
across the output of a T-unit, all LEDs will be off, though
the mains may be present.
Connection to the system shall be made via the female con-
nector H15 (see: Accessories) according to: Connector pin
allocation. Other installation methods may not meet the
safety requirements.
Check for hazardous voltages before altering any connec-
tions.
The AC-DC converters are provided with pins 8 and 10
(
), which are reliably connected to the case. For safety
reasons it is essential to connect at least one of these pins
to the protective earth of the supply system.
Due to high output current value, the T series AC-DC con-
verters provide for each the positive and the negative out-
put path two internally parallel connected contacts (pins 12/
14 and pins 20/22 respectively). It is recommended to con-
nect the load to both female connector pins of each path in
order to keep the voltage drop and power loss across the
connector pins to an absolute minimum.
The P~ input (pin no. 4) is internally fused. This fuse is de-
signed to protect the unit in case of overcurrent and may
not be able to satisfy all customer requirements. External
fuses in the wiring to one or both input pins (no. 4 and/or no.
6) may therefore be necessary to ensure compliance with
local requirements. A second fuse in the wiring to the neu-
tral terminal N~ is needed if:
If a T series AC-DC converter is used for battery charging,
check wether the position of the cell voltage selector switch
corresponds to the required battery cell voltage prior to
putting a system into operation.
•
Local requirements demand an individual fuse in each
source line
•
•
Neutral to earth impedance is high or undefined
Phase and neutral of the mains are not defined or cannot
be assigned to the corresponding terminals (L to phase
and N to neutral).
Caution: Lead-acid batteries can generate H2 and O2
gas which can form explosive mixtures. Sufficient venti-
lation must be provided in battery cabinets and installa-
tion rooms.
Edition 4/4.99
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MELCHER
The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Further information about designing battery systems is con-
tained in VDE 0510, part 2.
the function of the unit nor is it detrimental to its perform-
ance over time.
If a T unit is to be parallel connected with another T unit, it is
recommended to connect the two hot plug-in pins of each
female connector, HC+ (pin 16) and HC– (pin 18) to their
respective output pins Vo+ and Vo- to provide the hot plug-
in capabilities.
Standards and approvals
All T series AC-DC converters correspond to class I equip-
ment. They are UL recognized according to UL 1950, UL
recognized for Canada to CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 950-95 and
LGA approved to IEC/EN 60950 standards and have been
evaluated in accordance with these standards for:
In case of remote temperature control, the temperature
sensor should be connected according to its wiring dia-
gram. Wrong connection may damage the sensor.
•
•
Building in
Basic insulation between input and case, based on
250 V AC
Make sure that there is sufficient air flow available for con-
vection cooling. This should be verified by measuring the
case temperature when the unit is installed and operated in
the end-use application. The maximum specified case tem-
perature TC max must not be exceeded. See also: Thermal
Considerations.
•
Double or reinforced insulation between input and out-
put, based on 250 V AC
•
•
•
Operational insulation between output and case
The use in a pollution degree 2 environment
Connecting the input to a primary circuit with a maxi-
mum transient rating of 2500 V (overvoltage class III
based on a 110 V primary circuit, overvoltage class II
based on a 230 V primary circuit).
If the end-product is to be UL certified, the temperature test
may be repeated asv part of the end-product investigation.
Ensure that a unit failure (e.g. by an internal short-circuit)
does not result in a hazardous condition. See also: Safety
of operator accessible output circuit.
The AC-DC converters are subject to manufacturing sur-
veillance in accordance with the above mentioned UL,
CSA, EN and with ISO 9001 standards.
Cleaning Agents
Isolation
In order to avoid possible damage, any penetration of
cleaning fluids is to be prevented, since the power supplies
are not hermetically sealed.
The electric strength test is performed as factory test in ac-
cordance with IEC/EN 60950 and UL 1950 and should not
be repeated in the field. Melcher will not honour any guar-
antee claims resulting from electric strength field tests.
Audible Noise
Under certain operating conditions, a T series AC-DC con-
verter may generate a slight audible noise due to magneto-
striction in the transformer. This noise does neither affect
Important: Testing by applying AC voltages will result in
high and dangerous leakage currents flowing through
the Y-capacitors (see fig.: Block diagram).
Table 22: Isolation
Characteristic
LT/UT AC-DC converter
Sensor
Unit
Input to
case
Input to
output
Output to
case
Output to
case
Electric
strength
test voltage
Required according to IEC/EN 60950
Actual factory test 1 s
1.5
2.1
2.8
2.0
3.0 1
4.2 1
5.6 1
4.0 1
0.5
0.5
0.7
1.4
1.0
kVrms
0.7
kV DC
1.4
AC test voltage equivalent to actual
factory test
1.0
kVrms
Insulation resistance at 500 V DC
>300
>300
>300
>100
MΩ
1 In accordance with IEC/EN 60950 only subassemblies are tested in factory with this voltage.
Leakage Currents in AC-DC operation
1500 Ω
MI
Leakage currents flow due to internal leakage capacitance
and RFI suppression Y-capacitors. The current values are
500 Ω
proportional to the mains voltage and nearly proportional to
the mains frequency. They are specified at maximum oper-
ating input voltage where phase, neutral and protective
earth are correctly connected as required for class I equip-
ment.
10 kΩ
220 nF
Under test conditions, the leakage current flows through a
22 nF
measuring instrument (MI) as described in fig.: Measuring
instrument for earth leakage current tests, which takes into
account impedance and sensitivity of a person touching
V
unearthed accessible parts. The current value is calculated
by dividing the measured voltage by 500 Ω. If inputs and/or
outputs of T units are connected in parallel, their individual
Fig. 55
Measuring instrument (MI) for earth leakage current tests
according to IEC/EN 60950, Annex D.
leakage currents are added.
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The Power Partners.
T Series
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
Rugged Environment
10070
10071
L1
L2
P
N
Vo+
L1
L2
P
N
P
N
Vo–
S1
L2
N
Vo+
LT 1000
T 1000
Vo–
MI for
earth
leakage
current
MI for
earth
leakage
current
S2
S3
S2
S3
MI for
output
MI for
output
leakage
current
leakage
current
Fig. 56
Fig. 57
Test set-up for leakage current tests on class I equipment
in single phase configuration. S1 is used to simulate the
interchanging of phase and neutral, S2/3 select either the
earth or output leakage current measurements, S4 selects
either the positive or negative output leakage current
measurements.
Test set-up for leakage current tests on class I equipment
in 208 V phase to phase configuration. S2/3 select either
the earth or output leakage current measurements, S4
selects either the positive or negative output leakage cur-
rent measurements.
Table 23: Leakage currents
Characteristic
T 1000
3.5
Unit
Earth leakage
current
Permissible according to IEC/EN 60950
Specified value at 255 V, 50 Hz (LT)
Specified value at 127 V, 60 Hz (LT or UT)
Permissible according to IEC/EN 60950
Specified value at 255 V, 50 Hz (LT)
Specified value at 127 V, 60 Hz (LT or UT)
mA
1.8 1
1.1 1
0.25
<0.1
<0.1
Output leakage
current
1 In phase to phase configuration, leakage current is lower.
Safety of operator accessible output circuit
If the output circuit of an AC-DC converter is operator ac-
cessible, it shall be an SELV circuit according to IEC/EN
60950 related safety standards
However, it is the sole responsibility of the installer to as-
sure the compliance with the relevant and applicable safety
regulations. More information is given in: Technical Infor-
mation: Safety.
The following table shows a possible installation configura-
tion, compliance with which causes the output circuit of the
AC-DC converter to be an SELV circuit according to IEC/
EN 60950 up to a configured output voltage (sum of nomi-
nal voltages if in series or +/– configuration) of 56.5 V.
Protection Degree
IP 30 if female connector is fitted to the unit.
Table 24: Safety concept leading to an SELV circuit
Conditions
AC-DC converter
Installation
Result
Supply voltage
Grade of isolation between input and
output, provided by the AC-DC
converter
Measures to achieve the resulting
safety status of the output circuit
Safety status of the AC-DC
converter ouput circuit
Mains ≤250 V AC
Double or reinforced
Installation according to the appliable
standards
SELV circuit
10021
Fuse
Vo+
P~
+
P
N
AC-DC
Mains
SELV
Fuse
con-
–
N~
Vo–
verter
Earth connection
Fig. 58
Schematic safety concept
Use input fuses and earthing of the AC-DC converter as
per: Installation Instructions.
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The Power Partners.
Rugged Environment
AC-DC Converters >100Watt
T Series
Description of Options
D Remote Bus Voltage Monitoring
F Externally Accessible Fuse
This option is designed for systems using Melcher back-
planes or is inteded for use in applications where a fuse or a
decoupling diode is fitted into the positive supply line to the
system bus. The status of the system bus/battery voltage
can be monitored rather than the output status of a single T
unit. To maintain the adjustment capabilities and resistor
values for setting the different threshold values a 43.2 kΩ
(21.5 kΩ) resistor should be fitted into the sense line to the
bus. If the D set pin is left open the T unit signals perma-
nently Low Bus Voltage.
The standard T units have internally a 5 × 20 mm fuse
which is externally not accessible. Some applications re-
quire an externally accessible fuse. Option F provides a
fuse mounted on the back plate neer the converter. The full
self-protecting functions of the module do normally not lead
to broken fuses, except as a result of overvoltage at the in-
put or if a power component inside fails (switching transis-
tor, freewheeling diode, etc.). In such cases the defective
unit has to be returned to Melcher for repair.
B1 Cooling Plate
(See also: Power Down as well as data sheet: Back Planes
for the T Series)
If a cooling surface is available the T 1000 units can be pro-
vided with a mounting plate (option B1) instead of the
standard heat sink fitted to the right hand side of the unit.
Since approximately 50% of the losses have to be dissi-
pated through the heat sink on the left hand side sufficient
free air flow has still to be provided.
Accessories
A variety of electrical and mechanical accessories are
available, including:
– Front panels for 19" rack mounting, Schroff system
– Mating H15 connectors with screw, solder, fast-on or
pressfit terminals
– Connector retention facilities
– Code key system for connector coding
– 19" racks for system integration
– Back planes for system integration
– Temperature sensors for battery charging
Back planes for system intergration
For more detailed information refer to: Accessory Products.
19" Rack
Front panels
H15 female connector
Code system
Edition 4/4.99
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The Power Partners.
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