B41690A7108Q007 [EPCOS]
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors; 铝电解电容器型号: | B41690A7108Q007 |
厂家: | EPCOS |
描述: | Aluminum electrolytic capacitors |
文件: | 总17页 (文件大小:450K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors
Axial-lead and soldering star capacitors
Series/Type:
B41690, B41790
Date:
November 2008
© EPCOS AG 2008. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this publication, enclosures hereto and the
information contained therein without EPCOS' prior express consent is prohibited.
Axial-lead and soldering star capacitors
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Applications
Ultra compact design for automotive applications up to 140 °C
Features
Up to 150 °C operating temperature at reduced voltage
applied
Long useful life, 2000 h at up to 140 °C
Very high ripple current capability
Ultra compact design
High vibration resistance
Shelf life up to 15 years at storage temperatures up to 40 °C.
To ensure solderability, the capacitors should be built into the
application within one year of delivery. After a total of two
years' storage, the operating voltage must be applied for one
hour to ensure the specified leakage current.
Construction
Charge/discharge-proof, polar
Aluminum case with insulating sleeve
Negative pole connected to case
Terminals
Axial leads, welded to ensure perfect electrical contact
Also available with soldering stars
Taping and packing
Axial-lead capacitors will be delivered in pallet package.
Capacitors with d × l ≤ 16 × 30 mm are also available taped
on reel.
Soldering star capacitors are packed in cardboard.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 2 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Specifications and characteristics in brief
Rated voltage VR
Surge voltage VS
25 ... 63 V DC
1.3 ꢁ VR (for VR ≤ 40 V DC)
1.15 ꢁ VR (for VR = 63 V DC)
Rated capacitance CR
Capacitance tolerance
300 ... 10000 µF
ꢀ10/+30% ꢂ Q
Leakage current Ileak
(5 min, 20 °C)
Self-inductance ESL1)
Diameter d (mm)
12
14
16
18
20/21
Terminals
axial
Length l (mm) Approx. ESL (nH)
25
29
30
39
49
ꢀ
ꢀ
21
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
6
22
ꢀ
24
ꢀ
ꢀ
6
26
ꢀ
29
33
ꢀ
7
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
38
ꢀ
34
38
ꢀ
45
50
ꢀ
soldering star 25
ꢀ
30
39
49
7
8
10
11
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
9
13
14
ꢀ
Useful life
Requirements:
∆C/C ≤ ±30% of initial value
ESR ≤ 3 times initial specified limit
Ileak ≤ initial specified limit
140 °C; VR; 0.6 ꢁ IAC,R
125 °C; VR; IAC, R
85 °C; VR; IAC, max
40 °C; VR; 2 ꢁ IAC, R
Voltage endurance test
125 °C; VR
> 2000 h
> 5000 h
> 15000 h
> 500000 h
Post test requirements:
2000 h
∆C/C ≤ ±10% of initial value
ESR ≤ 1.3% initial specified limit
Ileak
≤ initial specified limit
Vibration resistance test To IEC 60068-2-6, test Fc:
Displacement amplitude 1.5 mm, at 10 Hz ... 2 kHz,
acceleration max. 20 g, duration 3 × 2 h.
Capacitor mounted by its wire leads at a distance of (6 ±1) mm from
the case and additionally clamped by the case.
IEC climatic category
To IEC 60068-1:
55/125/56 (ꢀ55 °C/+125 °C/56 days damp heat test)
Detail specification
Sectional specification
Similar to CECC 30301-802
IEC 60384-4
1) If optimum circuit design is used, the values are lower by 30%.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 3 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Axial-lead capacitors
Dimensional drawing
Dimensions, weights and packing units
d × l
dmax × Imax
Approx. weight
Packing units (pcs.)
mm
mm
g
Pallet
288
200
200
180
180
180
160
160
140
140
110
Reel
12 × 30
14 × 25
14 × 30
16 × 25
16 × 30
16 × 39
18 × 30
18 × 39
20 × 29
21 × 39
21 × 49
12.5 × 30.5
14.5 × 25.5
14.5 × 30.5
16.5 × 25.5
16.5 × 30.5
16.5 × 40
18.5 × 30.5
18.5 × 40
20.5 × 29.5
21.5 × 40
21.5 × 50
5.1
450
350
350
250
250
ꢀ
5.7
6.8
7.4
8.9
11.7
11.1
14.7
13.5
20.0
25.0
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 4 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Soldering star capacitors
Dimensional drawing
Dimensions, weights and packing units
d × l
d
max × Imax
c ±0.1
mm
e ±0.1
Approx. weight Packing units
mm
mm
mm
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.5
3.5
g
pcs.
480
480
480
300
300
200
300
200
324
264
12 × 30
14 × 25
14 × 30
16 × 25
16 × 30
16 × 39
18 × 30
18 × 39
21 × 39
21 × 49
13.5 × 32
15.5 × 27
15.5 × 32
17.5 × 27
17.5 × 32
17.5 × 41.5
19.5 × 32
19.5 × 41.5
22.5 × 41.5
22.5 × 51.5
12.5
14.5
14.5
16.5
16.5
16.5
18.5
18.5
21.5
21.5
5.4
6.1
7.2
7.9
9.4
12.2
11.8
15.4
21.0
26.0
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 5 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Overview of available types
VR (V DC)
25
35
40
63
Case dimensions d × l (mm)
CR (µF)
300
12 × 30
14 × 30
470
600
12 × 30
14 × 30
680
16 × 30
16 × 39
1000
1200
1300
1400
1800
1900
2000
2300
2500
2700
2900
3000
3800
3900
4300
5000
5200
5800
7000
8000
10000
14 × 25
12 × 30
18 × 39
16 × 25
16 × 30
18 × 30
16 × 30
14 × 30
21 × 39
21 × 49
20 × 29
18 × 39
18 × 30
16 × 30
20 × 29
18 × 39
18 × 30
16 × 39
20 × 29
21 × 39
18 × 39
21 × 49
21 × 39
21 × 49
21 × 39
21 × 49
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 6 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Case dimensions and ordering codes
VR
CR
100 Hz
20 °C
Case
Ordering code
Ordering code
Axial reel
Ordering code
Soldering star
dimensions Axial pallet
d × l
V DC µF
mm
25
1200
12 × 30
14 × 30
16 × 30
18 × 30
16 × 39
20 × 29
18 × 39
21 × 39
21 × 49
14 × 25
16 × 25
16 × 30
18 × 30
20 × 29
18 × 39
21 × 39
21 × 49
12 × 30
14 × 30
16 × 30
18 × 30
20 × 29
18 × 39
21 × 39
21 × 49
12 × 30
14 × 30
16 × 30
16 × 39
18 × 39
21 × 39
21 × 49
B41690A5128Q007 B41690A5128Q009 B41790A5128Q000
B41690A5208Q007 B41690A5208Q009 B41790A5208Q000
B41690A5298Q007 B41690A5298Q009 B41790A5298Q000
2000
2900
3900
4300
5000
5800
8000
10000
1000
1400
1900
2500
3000
3800
5200
7000
600
1000
1400
1800
2300
2700
3900
5200
300
B41690A5398Q007
B41790A5398Q000
B41690A5438Q007 B41690A5438Q009 B41790A5438Q000
B41690A5508Q007
B41690A5588Q007
B41690A5808Q007
B41690A5109Q007
B41790A5588Q000
B41790A5808Q000
B41790A5109Q000
35
40
63
B41690A7108Q007 B41690A7108Q009 B41790A7108Q000
B41690A7148Q007 B41690A7148Q009 B41790A7148Q000
B41690A7198Q007 B41690A7198Q009 B41790A7198Q000
B41690A7258Q007
B41690A7308Q007
B41690A7388Q007
B41690A7528Q007
B41690A7708Q007
B41790A7258Q000
B41790A7388Q000
B41790A7528Q000
B41790A7708Q000
B41690A7607Q007 B41690A7607Q009 B41790A7607Q000
B41690B7108Q007 B41690B7108Q009 B41790B7108Q000
B41690B7148Q007 B41690B7148Q009 B41790B7148Q000
B41690A7188Q007
B41690A7238Q007
B41690A7278Q007
B41690A7398Q007
B41690B7528Q007
B41790A7188Q000
B41790A7278Q000
B41790A7398Q000
B41790B7528Q000
B41690A8307Q007 B41690A8307Q009 B41790A8307Q000
B41690A8477Q007 B41690A8477Q009 B41790A8477Q000
B41690A8687Q007 B41690A8687Q009 B41790A8687Q000
B41690A8108Q007 B41690A8108Q009 B41790A8108Q000
470
680
1000
1300
2000
2500
B41690A8138Q007
B41690A8208Q007
B41690A8258Q007
B41790A8138Q000
B41790A8208Q000
B41790A8258Q000
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 7 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Technical data
CR ESRtyp ESRmax ESRmax ESRmax Zmax
IAC,max IAC,max IAC,max IAC,R
IAC,max
100 Hz 100 Hz 100 Hz 100 Hz 10 kHz 100 kHz 10 kHz 10 kHz 10 kHz 10 kHz 10 kHz
20 °C
µF
20 °C 20 °C ꢀ40 °C 20 °C 20 °C
85 °C 105 °C 125 °C 125 °C 140 °C
mΩ
mΩ
mΩ
mΩ
mΩ
A
A
A
A
A
VR = 25 V DC
1200
2000
2900
3900
4300
5000
5800
8000
10000
80
50
35
27
23
23
18
15
12
135
90
60
45
40
37
30
25
20
1200
750
550
390
360
320
280
200
160
90
60
40
31
27
27
22
18
14
86
57
38
30
26
26
21
17
14
5.7
6.8
9.7
11.0
13.4
11.6
15.0
16.6
20.7
4.9
5.8
8.4
3.6
4.3
6.2
7.0
8.6
7.4
9.5
10.5
13.2
2.5
3.0
4.3
4.8
5.9
5.1
6.6
7.3
9.1
1.6
1.9
2.8
3.1
3.5
3.3
4.3
4.8
5.9
9.4
11.6
10.0
12.9
14.2
17.7
VR = 35 V DC
1000
1400
1900
2500
3000
3800
5200
7000
75
60
38
32
27
21
16
13
125
100
65
50
45
35
27
21
1050
750
550
430
360
260
190
150
80
65
40
32
28
22
18
14
75
60
37
30
27
20
17
13
5.5
5.9
9.5
11.0
11.6
14.8
16.4
20.7
4.7
5.0
8.2
3.5
3.7
6.1
7.0
7.4
9.4
10.4
13.2
2.4
2.6
4.2
4.8
5.1
6.5
7.2
9.1
1.5
1.7
2.7
3.1
3.3
4.2
4.7
5.9
9.4
10.0
12.7
14.0
17.7
VR = 40 V DC
600 100
165
105
70
58
48
40
30
23
1200
750
550
400
320
260
180
150
90
60
40
33
28
22
18
14
85
57
38
31
26
21
17
13
5.7
6.8
9.6
10.9
11.6
14.8
16.4
20.7
4.9
5.8
8.2
3.6
4.3
6.1
6.9
7.4
9.4
10.4
13.2
2.5
3.0
4.2
4.8
5.1
6.5
7.2
9.1
1.6
1.9
2.7
3.1
3.3
4.2
4.7
5.9
1000
1400
1800
2300
2700
3900
5200
65
45
35
30
25
18
14
9.4
10.0
12.7
14.0
17.7
VR = 63 V DC
300 160
470 105
260
175
130
80
64
44
2500
1600
1100
750
580
370
120
83
65
38
30
23
18
115
80
62
36
28
22
17
5.0
6.1
7.1
11.6
13.2
15.4
19.3
4.3
5.3
6.0
10.0
11.4
13.2
16.5
3.2
3.9
4.4
7.4
8.5
2.2
2.7
3.1
5.1
5.8
6.8
8.5
1.4
1.7
2.0
3.3
3.4
4.4
5.5
680
1000
1300
2000
2500
80
50
40
27
22
9.8
12.3
35
300
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 8 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Useful life
1)
depending on ambient temperature TA under ripple current operating conditions at VR
Useful life
1)
depending on case temperature TC under ripple current operating conditions at VR
1) Refer to chapter "General technical information, 5.3 Calculation of useful life" for an explanation on how to interpret the useful life
graphs.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 9 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Useful life
2)
depending on ambient temperature TA under ripple current operating conditions at Vop
VR = 25 V: Vop ≤ 20 V; VR = 35 V: Vop ≤ 30 V;
VR = 40 V: Vop ≤ 35 V; VR = 63 V: Vop ≤ 55 V
Useful life
2)
depending on case temperature TC under ripple current operating conditions at Vop
VR = 25 V: Vop ≤ 20 V; VR = 35 V: Vop ≤ 30 V;
VR = 40 V: Vop ≤ 35 V; VR = 63 V: Vop ≤ 55 V
2) Refer to chapter "General technical information, 5.3 Calculation of useful life" for an explanation on how to interpret the useful life
graphs.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 10 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Frequency factor of permissible ripple
current IAC versus frequency f
Frequency characteristics of ESR
Typical behavior
Equivalent series resistance ESR
versus frequency f
Impedance Z
versus frequency f
Typical behavior for 1000 µF/40 V
Typical behavior for 1000 µF/40 V
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 11 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Cautions and warnings
Personal safety
The electrolytes used by EPCOS have not only been optimized with a view to the intended
application, but also with regard to health and environmental compatibility. They do not contain
any solvents that are detrimental to health, e.g. dimethyl formamide (DMF) or dimethyl acetamide
(DMAC).
Furthermore, part of the high-voltage electrolytes used by EPCOS are self-extinguishing. They
contain flame-retarding substances which will quickly extinguish any flame that may have been
ignited.
As far as possible, EPCOS does not use any dangerous chemicals or compounds to produce
operating electrolytes. However, in exceptional cases, such materials must be used in order to
achieve specific physical and electrical properties because no safe substitute materials are
currently known. However, the amount of dangerous materials used in our products has been
limited to an absolute minimum. Nevertheless, the following rules should be observed when
handling Al electrolytic capacitors:
Any escaping electrolyte should not come into contact with eyes or skin.
If electrolyte does come into contact with the skin, wash the affected parts immediately with
running water. If the eyes are affected, rinse them for 10 minutes with plenty of water. If
symptoms persist, seek medical treatment.
Avoid breathing in electrolyte vapor or mists. Workplaces and other affected areas should be
well ventilated. Clothing that has been contaminated by electrolyte must be changed and
rinsed in water.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 12 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Product safety
The table below summarize the safety instructions that must be observed without fail. A detailed
description can be found in the relevant sections of chapter "General technical information".
Topic
Safety information
Reference
Chapter "General
technical information"
Polarity
Make sure that polar capacitors are connected
with the right polarity.
1
"Basic construction of
aluminum electrolytic
capacitors"
Reverse voltage
Voltages polarity classes should be prevented by 3.1.6
connecting a diode.
"Reverse voltage"
Upper category
temperature
Do not exceed the upper category temperatur.
7.2
"Maximum permissible
operating temperature"
Maintenance
Make periodic inspections of the capacitors.
10
Before the inspection, make sure that the power "Maintenance"
supply is turned off and carefully discharge the
electricity of the capacitors.
Do not apply any mechanical stress to the
capacitor terminals.
Mounting
position of screw
terminal capacitors
Do not mount the capacitor with the terminals
(safety vent) upside down.
11.1
"Mounting positions of
capacitors with screw
terminals"
Mounting of
single-ended
capacitors
The internal structure of single-ended capacitors 11.4
might be damaged if excessive force is applied to "Mounting
the lead wires.
considerations for
Avoid any compressive, tensile or flexural stress. single-ended capacitors"
Do not move the capacitor after soldering to PC
board.
Do not pick up the PC board by the soldered
capacitor.
Do not insert the capacitor on the PC board with a
hole space different to the lead space specified.
Robustness of
terminals
The following maximum tightening torques must
not be exceeded when connecting screw
11.3
"Mounting torques"
terminals:
M5: 2 Nm
M6: 2.5 Nm
Soldering
Do not exceed the specified time or temperature 11.5
limits during soldering. "Soldering"
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 13 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Topic
Safety information
Reference
Chapter "General
technical information"
Soldering,
Do not allow halogenated hydrocarbons to come 11.6
cleaning agents
into contact with aluminum electrolytic capacitors. "Cleaning agents"
Passive
Avoid external energy, such as fire or electricity.
8.1
flammability
"Passive flammability"
Active
Avoid overload of the capacitors.
8.2
flammability
"Active flammability"
Reference
Chapter "Capacitors
with screw terminals"
Breakdown strength Do not damage the insulating sleeve, especially
"Screw terminals -
accessories"
of insulating
sleeves
when ring clips are used for mounting.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 14 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Symbols and terms
Symbol English
German
C
Capacitance
Kapazität
CR
Rated capacitance
Nennkapazität
CS
Series capacitance
Serienkapazität
CS,T
Cf
Series capacitance at temperature T
Capacitance at frequency f
Case diameter, nominal dimension
Maximum case diameter
Self-inductance
Serienkapazität bei Temperatur T
Kapazität bei Frequenz f
Gehäusedurchmesser, Nennmaß
Maximaler Gehäusedurchmesser
Eigeninduktivität
d
dmax
ESL
ESR
ESRf
Equivalent series resistance
Equivalent series resistance at
frequency f
Ersatzserienwiderstand
Ersatzserienwiderstand bei Frequenz f
ESRT
Equivalent series resistance at
temperature T
Ersatzserienwiderstand bei Temperatur T
f
Frequency
Frequenz
I
Current
Strom
IAC
Alternating current (ripple current)
Root-mean-square value of alternating
current
Wechselstrom
Wechselstrom, Effektivwert
IAC,rms
IAC,f
Ripple current at frequency f
Maximum permissible ripple current
Rated ripple current
Wechselstrom bei Frequenz f
Maximal zulässiger Wechselstrom
Nennwechselstrom
IAC,max
IAC,R
IAC,R (B) Rated ripple current for base cooling
Nennwechselstromstrom für Bodenkühlung
Ableitstrom
Ileak
Ileak,op
l
Leakage current
Operating leakage current
Case length, nominal dimension
Maximum case length (without
terminals and mounting stud)
Resistance
Ableitstrom bei Betrieb
Gehäuselänge, Nennmaß
Maximale Gehäuselänge (ohne Anschlüsse
und Gewindebolzen)
lmax
R
Widerstand
Rins
Rsymm
T
Insulation resistance
Balancing resistance
Temperature
Isolationswiderstand
Symmetrierwiderstand
Temperatur
∆T
TA
TC
TB
t
Temperature difference
Ambient temperature
Case temperature
Temperaturdifferenz
Umgebungstemperatur
Gehäusetemperatur
Capacitor base temperature
Time
Temperatur des Becherbodens
Zeit
∆t
Period
Zeitraum
tb
Service life (operating hours)
Brauchbarkeitsdauer (Betriebszeit)
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 15 of 17
B41690, B41790
Ultra compact ꢀ up to 140 °C
Symbol English
German
V
Voltage
Spannung
VF
Vop
VR
VS
XC
XL
Z
Forming voltage
Formierspannung
Operating voltage
Rated voltage, DC voltage
Surge voltage
Betriebsspannung
Nennspannung, Gleichspannung
Spitzenspannung
Capacitive reactance
Inductive reactance
Impedance
Kapazitiver Blindwiderstand
Induktiver Blindwiderstand
Scheinwiderstand
ZT
tan δ
λ
Impedance at temperature T
Dissipation factor
Scheinwiderstand bei Temperatur T
Verlustfaktor
Failure rate
Ausfallrate
ε0
Absolute permittivity
Relative permittivity
Angular velocity; 2 ꢁ π ꢁ f
Elektrische Feldkonstante
Dielektrizitätszahl
εr
ω
Kreisfrequenz; 2 ꢁ π ꢁ f
Notes
All dimensions are given in mm.
Please read Cautions and warnings and
Important notes at the end of this document.
Page 16 of 17
Important notes
The following applies to all products named in this publication:
1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for
certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical re-
quirements that are often placed on our products in the areas of application concerned. We
nevertheless expressly point out that such statements cannot be regarded as binding
statements about the suitability of our products for a particular customer application.
As a rule, EPCOS is either unfamiliar with individual customer applications or less familiar
with them than the customers themselves. For these reasons, it is always ultimately incum-
bent on the customer to check and decide whether an EPCOS product with the properties de-
scribed in the product specification is suitable for use in a particular customer application.
2. We also point out that in individual cases, a malfunction of electronic components or
failure before the end of their usual service life cannot be completely ruled out in the
current state of the art, even if they are operated as specified. In customer applications
requiring a very high level of operational safety and especially in customer applications in
which the malfunction or failure of an electronic component could endanger human life or
health (e.g. in accident prevention or lifesaving systems), it must therefore be ensured by
means of suitable design of the customer application or other action taken by the customer
(e.g. installation of protective circuitry or redundancy) that no injury or damage is sustained by
third parties in the event of malfunction or failure of an electronic component.
3. The warnings, cautions and product-specific notes must be observed.
4. In order to satisfy certain technical requirements, some of the products described in this
publication may contain substances subject to restrictions in certain jurisdictions (e.g.
because they are classed as hazardous). Useful information on this will be found in our Ma-
terial Data Sheets on the Internet (www.epcos.com/material). Should you have any more de-
tailed questions, please contact our sales offices.
5. We constantly strive to improve our products. Consequently, the products described in this
publication may change from time to time. The same is true of the corresponding product
specifications. Please check therefore to what extent product descriptions and specifications
contained in this publication are still applicable before or when you place an order. We also
reserve the right to discontinue production and delivery of products. Consequently, we
cannot guarantee that all products named in this publication will always be available. The
aforementioned does not apply in the case of individual agreements deviating from the fore-
going for customer-specific products.
6. Unless otherwise agreed in individual contracts, all orders are subject to the current ver-
sion of the "General Terms of Delivery for Products and Services in the Electrical In-
dustry" published by the German Electrical and Electronics Industry Association
(ZVEI).
7. The trade names EPCOS, BAOKE, Alu-X, CeraDiode, CSSP, CTVS, DSSP, MiniBlue, MKK,
MLSC, MotorCap, PCC, PhaseCap, PhaseMod, SIFERRIT, SIFI, SIKOREL, SilverCap,
SIMDAD, SIMID, SineFormer, SIOV, SIP5D, SIP5K, ThermoFuse, WindCap are trademarks
registered or pending in Europe and in other countries. Further information will be found on
the Internet at www.epcos.com/trademarks.
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