25539A [ETC]
MirrorBit? Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read ; 的MirrorBit ?闪存的写入缓冲区编程和页面缓冲器读\n型号: | 25539A |
厂家: | ETC |
描述: | MirrorBit? Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read
|
文件: | 总6页 (文件大小:96K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
MirrorBit™ Flash Memory
Write Buffer Programming
and Page Buffer Read
Application Note
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Publication Number 25539 Revision A Amendment 0 Issue Date October 4, 2001
MirrorBit Flash Memory Write Buffer
Programming and Page Buffer Read
Application Note
Write Buffer Programming is performed through the
INTRODUCTION
use of a few new memory device commands. These
are in addition to the commands normally used to con-
trol all AMD Flash devices. Please refer to an AMD
Flash datasheet for a review of the full command set,
the method for issuing commands, and the method for
polling the status of memory during a command opera-
tion.
A Write Buffer is implemented in MirrorBit flash mem-
ory devices to speed up programming operations. A
write buffer is a set of registers used to hold several
words that are to be programmed as a group. The
buffer is filled with words to be programmed before is-
suing the write buffer programming command. The
time to program each word is reduced by performing
programming overhead operations once for the entire
group of words. This results in faster effective word/
byte programming time than the standard “word/byte”
programming algorithms. Write Buffer Programming al-
lows the system to write to a maximum of 16 words (32
bytes) in one programming operation.
WRITE BUFFER OPERATION
Write-Buffer Programming is only available through the
“Write to Buffer” and “Program Buffer to Flash” confirm
command sequences. The “Write-to-Buffer Abort Re-
set” command sequence is used to reset out of the
Write-Buffer-Abort state. Table 1 lists all software pro-
gram sequences associated with the Write-Buffer.
Table 1. MirrorBit Write Buffer Programming Command Definitions x8/x16 Devices
Bus Cycles
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Command Sequence
Interface Addr Data Addr Data Addr Data Addr Data Addr Data Addr Data
Word
Byte
555
2AA
555
WBL
(Note)
Write to Buffer
AA
29
55
55
SA
25
F0
SA
WC
PA
PD
PD
AAA
Program Buffer to Flash
(Confirm)
Both
SA
Word
Byte
555
2AA
555
Write-to-BufferAbort
Reset
AA
XXX
AAA
Note: The sixth cycle must be repeated to complete the number of buffer writes specified by WC in cycle four.
PA = Program Address of the memory location to be programmed. This can be any address within the target Write-Buffer-Page.
PD = Program Data to be programmed at location PA.
SA = Sector Address containing locations to be programmed. This can be any valid address within the sector.
WC = Write Count is the number of write buffer locations to load minus one.
WBL = Write Buffer Location. The address must be within the same write buffer page (32 byte range located on a 32 byte bound-
ary) as PA.
Publication# 25539 Rev: A Amendment/0
Issue Date: October 4, 2001
In Table 1, the user starts loading data at any location
in the target write-buffer-page. Subsequent write
buffer locations do not need to be loaded in any partic-
ular order as long as they reside in the same write-
buffer-page.
loaded into a given write-buffer location will be pro-
grammed into the device after the “Program Buffer to
Flash” confirm command. It is the software's respon-
sibility to comprehend the ramifications of loading a
write-buffer location more than once.
Note that the internal write counter decrements for
every data load operation, not for each unique write-
buffer address location. If the same write-buffer-loca-
tion is loaded multiple times, the internal write counter
will decrement after each load operation. The last data
When the “Write to Buffer” command programming se-
quence has been completed, the “Program Buffer to
Flash” confirm command must be issued to move the
data from the write-buffer into the flash memory array.
Programming Steps
Table 2. Table 2. MirrorBit Write Buffer Programming Procedure
Cycle #
Write Buffer Program Sequence
Address
Data
Comment
Refer to “Write-to-Buffer” Software
Command Definition for first and second
bus cycles
Issue Two Unlock Cycles:Unlock 1,
Unlock 2
1, 2
Issue “Write-Buffer-Load” Command @
Sector Address
Sector Address is issued starting with
the third bus cycle
3
4
SA
SA
0025h
WC
WC = number of locations to program
minus 1WC of 0 = 1 location to pgmWC
of 1 = 2 locations to pgm, etc.The Word
Count is issued during the fourth bus
cycle
Issue Number of Write Buffer Locations to
load minus one@ Sector Address
Selects Write-Buffer-Page and loads
first Address/Data Pair. The first
address location can be any location in
the target Write-Buffer-Page.The first
address is loaded into the write-buffer
during the fifth bus cycle
5
Load First Address/Data pair
PA
PD
All addresses MUST be within the
selected write-buffer-page boundaries
but do not have to be in any
order.Number of cycles depends on the
cycle count loaded in fourth bus cycle.
Load remaining Address/Data pairs into
write buffer
6 to N
N + 1
WBL
SA
PD
This command MUST follow the last
write buffer location loaded, or the
operation will ABORT.
Issue Write Buffer Program Confirm@
Sector Address
0029h
Perform Data Bar Polling on Last Loaded
Address
A flowchart for the “Write to Buffer” command se-
quence is demonstrated in Figure 1.
2
MirrorBit Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read
Write “Write to Buffer”
command and
Sector Address
Part of “Write to Buffer”
Command Sequence
Write number of locations
to program minus 1(WC)
and Sector Address
Write first address/data
Yes
WC = 0 ?
No
Write to a different
sector address
Abort Write to
Yes
Buffer Operation?
Write to buffer ABORTED.
Must write “Write-to-buffer
Abort Reset” command
sequence to return
No
(Note 1)
Write next address/data pair
to read mode.
WC = WC - 1
Write program buffer to
flash confirm,
Notes:
1. When “Sector Address” is specified, any
sector address
address in the selected sector is
acceptable. However, when loading
Write-Buffer address locations with data,
all addresses MUST fall within the
selected Write-Buffer Page.
Read DQ7 - DQ0 with
address = Last Loaded
Address
2. If this flowchart location was reached
because DQ5= “1”, then the device
FAILED. If this flowchart location was
reached because DQ1= “1”, then the
Write to Buffer operation was ABORTED.
In either case, the proper RESET
command must be written to the device to
return the device to READ mode. Write-
Buffer-Programming-Abort-Reset if
DQ1=1, either Software RESET or Write-
Buffer-Programming-Abort-Reset if
DQ5=1.
Yes
DQ7 = Data?
No
No
No
DQ1 = 1?
Yes
DQ5 = 1?
Yes
Read DQ7 - DQ0 with
address = Last Loaded
Address
Yes
DQ7 = Data?
No
(Note 2)
FAIL or ABORT
PASS
Figure 1. Write Buffer Programming Operation
MirrorBit Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read
3
Buffer-Abort Reset” command sequence must be writ-
ten to the device to return to READ mode.
Write Buffer Programming Abort
A “write-buffer-page” is selected by addresses A4-
A(max) for x16 or x8/x16 flash memory devices or by
addresses A5-A(max) for x8 flash memory devices.
The “write-buffer-page” addresses must be the same
for all addresses loaded during a write buffer program-
ming operation. Write Buffer Programming cannot be
performed across multiple “write-buffer-pages” or
across multiple sectors. If the above conditions are vi-
olated, the Write Buffer Programming operation will be
automatically aborted.
PAGE BUFFER READ INTRODUCTION
Whenever the system changes a “page address” (or
toggles CE# during a read) the device performs a “ran-
dom access”. During this “random access” the read
page buffer is loaded in parallel with data within the se-
lected read-page boundaries. Subsequent “intra-
page” accesses are 3 to 4 times faster than random ac-
cesses because the data are already available in the
buffer (please refer to differences between tCE/tACC
and tPACC in the Am29LVxxxM datasheet). Therefore,
read performance is significantly improved.
Listed below are the ways in which the Write Buffer
Programming sequence can be automatically aborted:
1. Loading a value that is greater than the write buffer
size (write-buffer-page) during the “Numbers of Lo-
cations to Program” step.
READ BUFFER OPERATION
For page buffer read operation, the user has to issue a
read address, or “RA”, for any memory location. During
2. Writing to an address in a sector that is different
than the one specified during the “Write-Buffer-
Load” command.
the initial access time (tCE ACC) a page of 4 words (8
/t
bytes), located on an 8-byte boundary, is read into the
page buffer. If the device is in word mode address bits
A1 and A0 can then be used to access any of the four
words within the page with a reduced page access time
(tPACC). If the device is in byte mode in a x8/x16 device.
A1 through A-1 can be used to access any of the eight
bytes in the page. If the device is a x8-only device, A2
through A0 can be used to access any of the eight
bytes within the page.
3. Writing an Address/Data pair to a different write-
buffer-page than the one selected by the “Starting
Address” during the “write buffer data loading”
stage of the operation.
4. Writing data other than the “Confirm Command”
after loading the specified number of write buffer lo-
cations.
The appropriate page is selected by the higher address
bits A2-A(max) for x16-only and x8/x16 devices, and
A3-A(max) for x8-only devices. Fast page mode ac-
cesses are obtained by keeping the high-order “read-
page address bits” constant and changing the “intra-
read page address bits” addresses: A0 to A1 for x16-
only and x8/x16 in word mode; A-1 to A1 for x8/x16 in
byte mode; and A0 to A2 for x8-only. This is an asyn-
chronous operation with the microprocessor supplying
the specific byte or word location.
Note that the “Write-to-Buffer Abort” condition is always
indicated by the DQ1 “Write-To-Buffer Abort” Operation
Status Bit.
DQ1: Write-to-Buffer Abort
DQ1 is “1” when a Write-to-Buffer operation has been
aborted.
A Write-to-Buffer-Abort-Reset command sequence
must be issued to return the flash memory device to
reading array data.
A depiction of the command sequence definition for
read accesses is shown in Table 3.
The ABORT condition is indicated by DQ1 = 1, DQ7 =
DATA# (for the “Last Loaded Address”), DQ6 = TOG-
GLE, DQ5=0. This indicates that the Write Buffer Pro-
gramming Operation was ABORTED. A “Write-to-
A depiction of the device bus operation for read ac-
cesses is shown in Table 4.
Table 3. Read Access
Bus Cycles
Third
Command
Sequence
Interface
First
Second
Fourth
Fifth
Addr
RA
Data
RD
Addr
RA
Data
RD
Addr
RA
Data
RD
Addr
RA
Data
RD
Addr
Note
Data
Note
Read
Both
Note: For reading bytes, eight consecutive memory locations can be read, compared to four memory locations for reading words.
“Intra-read page” locations can be accessed in any order.
RA = Read Address
RD = Read Data
4
MirrorBit Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read
Table 4. Device Bus Operation for Read Access
Operation
CE#
OE#
WE#
RESET#
WP#/ACC
Address
Data
Read
L
L
H
H
X
AIN
DOUT
During page buffer read operations, the CE# pin must
be kept at voltage level VIL during all fast page mode
accesses. If the CE# pin toggles or changes state dur-
ing a page buffer read operation, the current data trans-
fer will automatically be aborted and another initial
page access is started. This will result in unnecessary
penalty and overhead in read timings.
gramming performance is roughly two times faster than
previous AMD Low Voltage Flash Memories. Write
Buffer Programming is enabled via a simple addition of
three commands to the standard AMD embedded algo-
rithm bus command set.
The Read Page Buffer feature of AMD MirrorBit Flash
memories can increase read performance significantly.
Following each random (inter-page) access all loca-
tions of the referenced 8-byte page are available for
fast access. When read accesses can be grouped
within a page the average read performance can be in-
creased by 3 to 4 times.
CONCLUSION
The Write Buffer Programming feature of AMD Mirror-
Bit Flash memories increases the programming
speed by roughly 16 times compared to single byte or
word write operations in the same memory for a full
write buffer of 16 words or 32 bytes. Write Buffer Pro-
Copyright © 2001 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
AMD, the AMD logo, and combinations thereof are registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Product names used in this publication are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies.
MirrorBit Flash Memory Write Buffer Programming and Page Buffer Read
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