HD6432268D [ETC]
High-Performance Debugging Interface Users Manual/Cross tool ; 高性能调试接口用户手册/交叉工具\n
| 型号： | HD6432268D |
| 厂家： | 
ETC |
| 描述： | High-Performance Debugging Interface Users Manual/Cross tool
|
| 文件： | 总172页 (文件大小：1208K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
To all our customers
Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as Hitachi
Electric and Hitachi XX, to Renesas Technology Corp.
The semiconductor operations of Mitsubishi Electric and Hitachi were transferred to Renesas
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Accordingly, although Hitachi, Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Semiconductors, and other Hitachi brand
names are mentioned in the document, these names have in fact all been changed to Renesas
Technology Corp. Thank you for your understanding. Except for our corporate trademark, logo and
corporate statement, no changes whatsoever have been made to the contents of the document, and
these changes do not constitute any alteration to the contents of the document itself.
Renesas Technology Home Page: http://www.renesas.com
Renesas Technology Corp.
Customer Support Dept.
April 1, 2003
Cautions
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Hitachi Debugging Interface
User’s Manual
ADE-702-161A
Rev. 2.0
2/9/99
Hitachi, Ltd.
HS6400DIIW3SE
Cautions
1. Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi’s or any third party’s
patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in
this document. Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party’s
rights, including intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information
contained in this document.
2. Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you
have received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or
use.
3. Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability.
However, contact Hitachi’s sales office before using the product in an application that
demands especially high quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly
threaten human life or cause risk of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear
power, combustion control, transportation, traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for
life support.
4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi
particularly for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics,
installation conditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or
damage when used beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges,
consider normally foreseeable failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and
employ systemic measures such as fail-safes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi
product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other consequential damage due to operation of
the Hitachi product.
5. This product is not designed to be radiation resistant.
6. No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document
without written approval from Hitachi.
7. Contact Hitachi’s sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi
semiconductor products.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
READ FIRST
•
•
READ this user's manual before using the Hitachi Debugging Interface (hereafter, called
HDI).
KEEP the user's manual handy for future reference.
Do not attempt to use the system until you fully understand its mechanism.
Target User of the System:
This system should only be used by those who have carefully read and thoroughly understood the
information and restrictions contained in the user's manual. Do not attempt to use the system until
you fully understand its mechanism.
It is highly recommended that first-time users be instructed by users that are well versed in the
operation of the system.
Purpose of HDI:
This system is a software and hardware development tool for systems employing the Hitachi
microcomputer. This system must only be used for the above purpose.
Improvement Policy:
Hitachi, Ltd. (including its subsidiaries, hereafter collectively referred to as Hitachi) pursues a
policy of continuing improvement in design, performance, and safety of the system. Hitachi
reserves the right to change, wholly or partially, the specifications, design, user's manual, and
other documentation at any time without notice.
Figures:
Some figures in this user's manual may show items different from your actual system.
Other Important Things to Keep in Mind:
1. Examples described herein are meant merely to indicate the characteristics and performance of
Hitachi's semiconductor products. Hitachi assumes no responsibility for any intellectual
property claims or other problems that may result from applications based on the examples
described herein.
2. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patents or other rights of any third
party or Hitachi.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page i of xvii
All Rights Reserved:
This user's manual and this system are copyrighted and all rights are reserved by Hitachi. No part
of this user's manual, all or part, may be reproduced or duplicated in any form, in hard-copy or
machine-readable form, by any means available without Hitachi's prior written consent.
Trademarks:
Microsoft®, Windows®, and WindowsNT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in
the United States and/or other countries.
IBM PC is the name of a computer administered by International Business Machines Corporation.
ELF/DWARF is the name of an object format developed by the Tool Interface Standards
Committee.
All products or brand names used in the manual are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page ii of xvi
Preface
About this Manual
This manual explains the use of the Hitachi Debugging Interface (HDI) for Hitachi microcomputer
development tools. The following section will provide a brief Introduction to the debugging
interface and list its key features.
System Overview describes how the different software modules make up the HDI system and
which modules are needed for a specific configuration. The different parts of the user interface are
described and some common features explored.
The following sections Preparing to Debug, Looking at Your Program, Working with Memory,
Executing Your Program, Stopping Your Program, Looking at Variables, Overlay Function,
Selecting Functions, and Configuring the User Interface, provide a “how to” guide to using HDI
for debugging.
The next two sections Menus and Windows give in depth reference information about the
operation and facilities available from these respective areas.
This manual assumes that the HDI is used on the English version of Microsoft® Windows®95
operating system running on the IBM PC.
The separate Debugging Platform User’s Manual will typically provide:
A Setting up section that informs you about installing the debugging platform's hardware and
software on your PC and verifying that all the components have been correctly installed.
A Tutorial section that takes you through the available features using some sample code.
A Reference section that describes the user interface that is specific to that debugging platform; for
example, editing breakpoints, configuring the trace acquisition, etc.
Assumptions
It is assumed that the reader has a competent knowledge of the C/C++ programming language,
assembly-language mnemonics for the processor being debugged and is experienced in using
Microsoft® Windows® applications on PC compatible computers.
Document Conventions
This manual uses the following typographic conventions:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page iii of xvii
Table 1
Typographic Conventions
MEANING
CONVENTION
[Menu->Menu Option] Bold text with ‘->’ is used to indicate menu options
(for example, [File->Save As...])
FILENAME.C
“enter this string”
Key+Key
Uppercase names are used to indicate file names
Used to indicate text that must be entered (excluding the “ ” quotes)
Used to indicate required key presses. For example, Ctrl+N means
press the Ctrl key and then, while holding the Ctrl key down, press the N
key
When this symbol is used, it is always located in the left hand margin. It
indicates that the text to its immediate right is describing “how to” do
something
(The “how to” symbol)
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page iv of xvi
Contents
Section 1 Introduction .....................................................................................1
1.1 Key Features......................................................................................................................1
Section 2 System Overview.............................................................................3
2.1 User Interface ....................................................................................................................3
2.1.1 Menu Bar..............................................................................................................3
2.1.2 Toolbar.................................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Status Bar .............................................................................................................6
2.1.4 Pop-Up Menus .....................................................................................................7
2.2 Data Entry .........................................................................................................................8
2.2.1 Operators..............................................................................................................8
2.2.2 Data Formats ........................................................................................................8
2.2.3 Precision...............................................................................................................8
2.2.4 Expression Examples ...........................................................................................9
2.2.5 Symbol Format.....................................................................................................9
2.2.6 Symbol Examples.................................................................................................9
2.3 Help ..................................................................................................................................10
2.3.1 Context Sensitive Help.........................................................................................10
Section 3 Preparing to Debug..........................................................................11
3.1 Compiling for Debug.........................................................................................................11
3.2 Selecting a Debugging Platform........................................................................................11
3.3 Configuring the Debugging Platform................................................................................12
3.3.1 Setup.....................................................................................................................12
3.3.2 Mapping ...............................................................................................................12
3.3.3 Status....................................................................................................................14
3.4 Downloading a Program....................................................................................................16
3.4.1 Selecting a File Type............................................................................................17
3.4.2 Setting a File Path Name......................................................................................17
Section 4 Looking at Your Program................................................................19
4.1 Viewing the Code..............................................................................................................19
4.1.1 Viewing Assembly-Language Code.....................................................................20
4.1.2 Modifying Assembly-Language Code .................................................................21
4.1.3 Displaying Source Code.......................................................................................22
4.1.4 Displaying Mixed Code .......................................................................................22
4.2 Looking at Symbols...........................................................................................................22
4.2.1 Listing Symbols....................................................................................................22
4.2.2 Finding a Symbol .................................................................................................23
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page vi of xvi
4.2.3 Finding Again.......................................................................................................24
4.2.4 Adding Symbols...................................................................................................24
4.2.5 Adding a Symbol from the Program Window......................................................24
4.2.6 Modifying Symbols..............................................................................................25
4.2.7 Deleting Symbols.................................................................................................26
4.2.8 Deleting All Symbols...........................................................................................26
4.2.9 Loading a Symbol File .........................................................................................27
4.2.10 Saving a Symbol File ...........................................................................................28
4.2.11 Symbol File Format..............................................................................................28
4.3 Looking at a Specific Address...........................................................................................29
4.3.1 Looking at the Current Program Counter Address...............................................29
4.4 Finding Text......................................................................................................................30
4.5 Looking at a Text File .......................................................................................................30
4.5.1 Opening a Text Window ......................................................................................30
4.5.2 Copying Text........................................................................................................32
4.5.3 Finding Text.........................................................................................................33
Section 5 Working with Memory ....................................................................35
5.1 Looking at an Area of Memory.........................................................................................35
5.1.1 Displaying Memory as Bytes ...............................................................................36
5.1.2 Displaying Memory as Words..............................................................................36
5.1.3 Displaying Memory as Long words .....................................................................37
5.1.4 Displaying Memory as Single-Precision Floating Point ......................................37
5.1.5 Displaying Memory as Double-Precision Floating Point.....................................38
5.1.6 Displaying Memory as ASCII..............................................................................38
5.1.7 Looking at a Different Area of Memory ..............................................................38
5.2 Modifying Memory Contents............................................................................................39
5.2.1 Quick Edit ............................................................................................................39
5.2.2 Full Edit................................................................................................................39
5.3 Finding a Value in Memory ..............................................................................................40
5.4 Filling an Area of Memory with a Value ..........................................................................41
5.4.1 Selecting a Memory Range ..................................................................................41
5.4.2 Filling the Range..................................................................................................42
5.5 Moving an Area of Memory..............................................................................................43
5.6 Testing an Area of Memory ..............................................................................................44
5.7 Saving an Area of Memory ...............................................................................................45
5.8 Loading an Area of Memory .............................................................................................46
5.9 Verifying an Area of Memory...........................................................................................47
Section 6 Executing Your Program .................................................................49
6.1 Running from Reset...........................................................................................................49
6.2 Continuing Run .................................................................................................................49
6.3 Running to the Cursor .......................................................................................................50
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page vii of xvii
6.4 Running to Several Points .................................................................................................51
6.5 Single Step.........................................................................................................................51
6.5.1 Stepping Into a Function ......................................................................................51
6.5.2 Stepping Over a Function Call .............................................................................51
6.6 Stepping Out of a Function................................................................................................51
6.7 Multiple Steps....................................................................................................................52
Section 7 Stopping Your Program...................................................................53
7.1 Halting Execution..............................................................................................................53
7.2 Program Breakpoints (PC Breakpoints) ............................................................................53
7.2.1 Clearing Program Breakpoints (PC Breakpoints) ................................................54
7.3 The Breakpoints Window..................................................................................................54
7.3.1 Adding a Breakpoint ............................................................................................55
7.3.2 Modifying a Breakpoint .......................................................................................56
7.3.3 Deleting a Breakpoint...........................................................................................56
7.3.4 Deleting All Breakpoints......................................................................................56
7.4 Disabling Breakpoints .......................................................................................................56
7.4.1 Disabling a Breakpoint.........................................................................................57
7.4.2 Enabling a Breakpoint..........................................................................................57
7.5 Temporary Breakpoints.....................................................................................................57
7.6 Hardware Breakpoints(Event)...........................................................................................58
Section 8 Looking at Variables .......................................................................59
8.1 Instant Watch.....................................................................................................................59
8.2 Using Watch Items ............................................................................................................60
8.2.1 Adding a Watch....................................................................................................60
8.2.2 Expanding a Watch ..............................................................................................62
8.2.3 Modifying Radix for Watch Item Display............................................................62
8.2.4 Changing a Watch Item’s Value ..........................................................................63
8.2.5 Deleting a Watch..................................................................................................64
8.3 Looking at Local Variables ...............................................................................................64
8.4 Looking at Registers..........................................................................................................65
8.4.1 Modifying Register Contents ...............................................................................65
8.4.2 Using Register Contents.......................................................................................67
8.5 Looking at I/O ...................................................................................................................67
8.5.1 Opening an I/O Registers Window.......................................................................67
8.5.2 Expanding an I/O Register Display......................................................................68
8.5.3 Modifying I/O Register Contents.........................................................................68
8.5.4 I/O Register Files .................................................................................................69
Section 9 Overlay Function .............................................................................73
9.1 Displaying Section Group .................................................................................................73
9.2 Setting Section Group .......................................................................................................74
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page viii of xvi
Section 10 Selecting Functions..........................................................................77
10.1 Displaying Functions.........................................................................................................77
10.2 Specifying Functions.........................................................................................................78
10.2.1 Selecting a Function.............................................................................................78
10.2.2 Deleting a Function..............................................................................................78
10.2.3 Setting a Function.................................................................................................78
Section 11 Configuring the User Interface ........................................................79
11.1 Arranging Windows ..........................................................................................................79
11.1.1 Minimizing Windows...........................................................................................79
11.1.2 Arranging Icons....................................................................................................80
11.1.3 Tiling Windows....................................................................................................81
11.1.4 Cascading Windows.............................................................................................81
11.2 Locating Currently Open Windows...................................................................................81
11.2.1 Locating the Next Window ..................................................................................82
11.2.2 Locating a Specific Window................................................................................82
11.3 Enabling/Disabling the Status Bar.....................................................................................82
11.4 Enabling/Disabling the Toolbar ........................................................................................83
11.5 Customizing the Toolbar...................................................................................................83
11.5.1 Button Categories.................................................................................................83
11.5.2 Adding a Button to the Toolbar............................................................................84
11.5.3 Positioning a Button in the Toolbar......................................................................84
11.5.4 Removing a Button from the Toolbar ..................................................................84
11.6 Customizing the Fonts.......................................................................................................84
11.7 Saving a Session................................................................................................................85
11.8 Loading a Session..............................................................................................................86
11.9 Setting HDI Options..........................................................................................................86
11.10 Setting the Default Radix ..................................................................................................87
Section 12 Menus...............................................................................................89
12.1 File ..................................................................................................................................89
12.1.1 Load Program.......................................................................................................89
12.1.2 Save Memory... ....................................................................................................89
12.1.3 Verify Memory.....................................................................................................90
12.1.4 Save Session.........................................................................................................90
12.1.5 Load Session... .....................................................................................................90
12.1.6 Save Session As... ................................................................................................90
12.1.7 Initialise................................................................................................................90
12.1.8 Exit.......................................................................................................................90
12.2 Edit ..................................................................................................................................90
12.2.1 Cut........................................................................................................................91
12.2.2 Copy.....................................................................................................................91
12.2.3 Paste .....................................................................................................................91
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page ix of xvii
12.2.4 Find ......................................................................................................................91
12.2.5 Set Line ................................................................................................................91
12.2.6 Fill Memory... ......................................................................................................91
12.2.7 Move Memory......................................................................................................92
12.2.8 Test Memory... .....................................................................................................92
12.2.9 Update Memory ...................................................................................................92
12.3 View ..................................................................................................................................92
12.3.1 Toolbar.................................................................................................................92
12.3.2 Status Bar .............................................................................................................92
12.3.3 Breakpoint Window .............................................................................................92
12.3.4 Command Line Window ......................................................................................93
12.3.5 I/O Register Window............................................................................................93
12.3.6 Local Variable Window .......................................................................................93
12.3.7 Memory Mapping Window..................................................................................93
12.3.8 Memory Window... ..............................................................................................93
12.3.9 Performance Analysis Window............................................................................93
12.3.10 Program Window... ..............................................................................................93
12.3.11 Register Window..................................................................................................94
12.3.12 Status Window .....................................................................................................94
12.3.13 Text Window........................................................................................................94
12.3.14 Trace Window......................................................................................................94
12.3.15 Watch Window.....................................................................................................94
12.4 Run ..................................................................................................................................94
12.4.1 Go.........................................................................................................................94
12.4.2 Go Reset...............................................................................................................94
12.4.3 Go To Cursor........................................................................................................95
12.4.4 Run.......................................................................................................................95
12.4.5 Step In ..................................................................................................................95
12.4.6 Step Over..............................................................................................................95
12.4.7 Step Out................................................................................................................95
12.4.8 Step.......................................................................................................................95
12.4.9 Halt Program ........................................................................................................95
12.4.10 Set PC to Cursor...................................................................................................96
12.4.11 Reset CPU ............................................................................................................96
12.5 Setup..................................................................................................................................96
12.5.1 Options.................................................................................................................96
12.5.2 Radix ....................................................................................................................96
12.5.3 Customise.............................................................................................................96
12.5.4 Select Platform.....................................................................................................96
12.5.5 Configure Platform...............................................................................................97
12.5.6 Overlay.................................................................................................................97
12.6 Tools..................................................................................................................................97
12.6.1 Symbols................................................................................................................97
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page x of xvi
12.6.2 Evaluate................................................................................................................97
12.7 Window.............................................................................................................................97
12.7.1 Cascade ................................................................................................................97
12.7.2 Tile .......................................................................................................................97
12.7.3 Arrange Icons.......................................................................................................98
12.7.4 Close All...............................................................................................................98
12.8 Help ..................................................................................................................................98
12.8.1 Index.....................................................................................................................98
12.8.2 Using Help ...........................................................................................................98
12.8.3 Search for Help on................................................................................................98
12.8.4 About HDI............................................................................................................98
Section 13 Windows ..........................................................................................99
13.1 Breakpoints........................................................................................................................99
13.1.1 Help......................................................................................................................99
13.1.2 Add.......................................................................................................................100
13.1.3 Edit.......................................................................................................................100
13.1.4 Delete ...................................................................................................................100
13.1.5 Delete All .............................................................................................................100
13.1.6 Disable/Enable .....................................................................................................100
13.2 Command Line..................................................................................................................101
13.2.1 Stop ......................................................................................................................101
13.2.2 Batch File .............................................................................................................101
13.2.3 Log File................................................................................................................102
13.2.4 Logging ................................................................................................................102
13.3 I/O Registers......................................................................................................................102
13.3.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................103
13.3.2 Edit.......................................................................................................................103
13.3.3 Expand/Collapse...................................................................................................103
13.3.4 Help......................................................................................................................103
13.4 Locals ................................................................................................................................103
13.4.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................104
13.4.2 Edit Value.............................................................................................................104
13.4.3 Radix ....................................................................................................................104
13.5 Memory Mapping..............................................................................................................105
13.5.1 Add.......................................................................................................................105
13.5.2 Change..................................................................................................................105
13.5.3 Reset.....................................................................................................................106
13.5.4 Help......................................................................................................................106
13.6 Memory.............................................................................................................................106
13.6.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................107
13.6.2 Find ......................................................................................................................107
13.6.3 Fill ........................................................................................................................107
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xi of xvii
13.6.4 Move ....................................................................................................................107
13.6.5 Test.......................................................................................................................107
13.6.6 Save......................................................................................................................107
13.6.7 Set Address...........................................................................................................107
13.6.8 ASCII/Byte/Word/Long/Single Float/Double Float.............................................108
13.7 Performance Analysis........................................................................................................108
13.7.1 Add Range............................................................................................................108
13.7.2 Edit Range............................................................................................................108
13.7.3 Delete Range ........................................................................................................108
13.7.4 Reset Counts/Times..............................................................................................108
13.7.5 Delete All Ranges.................................................................................................109
13.7.6 Analysis Enabled..................................................................................................109
13.8 Program.............................................................................................................................109
13.8.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................111
13.8.2 Find ......................................................................................................................111
13.8.3 Set Line ................................................................................................................111
13.8.4 Go To Cursor........................................................................................................111
13.8.5 Set PC Here..........................................................................................................111
13.8.6 Toggle Breakpoint................................................................................................112
13.8.7 Instant Watch........................................................................................................112
13.8.8 Add Watch ...........................................................................................................112
13.8.9 Source/Mixed/Assembler.....................................................................................112
13.9 Registers............................................................................................................................113
13.9.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................113
13.9.2 Edit.......................................................................................................................113
13.9.3 Toggle Bit.............................................................................................................113
13.10 System Status ....................................................................................................................114
13.10.1 Update ..................................................................................................................114
13.10.2 Copy.....................................................................................................................114
13.10.3 Configure..............................................................................................................115
13.11 Text ..................................................................................................................................115
13.11.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................115
13.11.2 Find ......................................................................................................................116
13.12 Trace..................................................................................................................................116
13.12.1 Find ......................................................................................................................116
13.12.2 Find Next..............................................................................................................116
13.12.3 Filter.....................................................................................................................117
13.12.4 Acquisition ...........................................................................................................117
13.12.5 Halt.......................................................................................................................117
13.12.6 Restart ..................................................................................................................117
13.12.7 Snapshot...............................................................................................................117
13.12.8 Clear.....................................................................................................................117
13.12.9 Save......................................................................................................................117
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xii of xvi
13.13 Watch ................................................................................................................................118
13.13.1 Copy.....................................................................................................................118
13.13.2 Delete Watch........................................................................................................118
13.13.3 Add Watch ...........................................................................................................118
13.13.4 Edit Value.............................................................................................................119
13.13.5 Radix ....................................................................................................................119
Appendix
Appendix A System Modules ....................................................................................................121
Graphical User Interface ...................................................................................................122
Object DLL .......................................................................................................................122
CPU DLL ..........................................................................................................................122
Target DLL........................................................................................................................122
Appendix B Command Line Interface .......................................................................................123
HDI Built-In Commands...................................................................................................123
Appendix C Command Line Summary Chart ............................................................................151
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xiii of xvii
Figures
Figure 2.1 HDI Graphical User Interface.................................................................................3
Figure 2.2 Ellipsis ....................................................................................................................4
Figure 2.3 Check Mark ............................................................................................................4
Figure 2.4 Cascading Menu .....................................................................................................4
Figure 2.5 Accelerator Key......................................................................................................5
Figure 2.6 Default Toolbar.......................................................................................................5
Figure 2.7 File Operation.........................................................................................................5
Figure 2.8 Copy & Move Operations.......................................................................................5
Figure 2.9 Execution Operations..............................................................................................6
Figure 2.10 Open Windows .......................................................................................................6
Figure 2.11 Help ........................................................................................................................6
Figure 2.12 Status Bar................................................................................................................7
Figure 2.13 Pop-Up Menu .........................................................................................................7
Figure 2.14 Help Button.............................................................................................................10
Figure 3.1 Select Platform Dialog Box....................................................................................11
Figure 3.2 Link up Message.....................................................................................................12
Figure 3.3 Memory Mapping Window ....................................................................................13
Figure 3.4 Edit Memory Mapping Window.............................................................................14
Figure 3.5 System Status Window...........................................................................................15
Figure 3.6 Load Object File Dialog Box..................................................................................16
Figure 3.7 File Type Selection.................................................................................................17
Figure 3.8 Download Completion Message.............................................................................17
Figure 4.1 Open Dialog Box....................................................................................................19
Figure 4.2 Program Window (Source Display)........................................................................20
Figure 4.3 Program Window (Assembly-Language Display)..................................................21
Figure 4.4 Assembler Dialog Box............................................................................................21
Figure 4.5 Symbols Dialog Box...............................................................................................23
Figure 4.6 Find Symbol Containing Dialog Box .....................................................................23
Figure 4.7 Add Symbol Dialog Box ........................................................................................24
Figure 4.8 Label Dialog Box....................................................................................................25
Figure 4.9 Edit Symbol Dialog Box.........................................................................................26
Figure 4.10 Message Box for Confirming Symbol Deletion .....................................................26
Figure 4.11 Message Box for Confirming All Symbol Deletion ...............................................27
Figure 4.12 Load Symbols Dialog Box......................................................................................27
Figure 4.13 Number of Loaded Symbols...................................................................................28
Figure 4.14 Set Address Dialog Box..........................................................................................29
Figure 4.15 Find Dialog Box .....................................................................................................30
Figure 4.16 Open Dialog Box....................................................................................................31
Figure 4.17 Text Window..........................................................................................................32
Figure 4.18 Copying Text..........................................................................................................33
Figure 4.19 Find Dialog Box .....................................................................................................33
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xiv of xvi
Figure 5.1 Open Memory Window Dialog Box.......................................................................35
Figure 5.2 Memory Window (Bytes).......................................................................................36
Figure 5.3 Memory Window (Words) .....................................................................................36
Figure 5.4 Memory Window (Longwords)..............................................................................37
Figure 5.5 Memory Window (Single-Precision Floating Point) ..............................................37
Figure 5.6 Memory Window (Double-Precision Floating Point).............................................38
Figure 5.7 Memory Window (ASCII)......................................................................................38
Figure 5.8 Set Address Dialog Box..........................................................................................39
Figure 5.9 Edit Dialog Box......................................................................................................40
Figure 5.10 Find Memory Dialog Box.......................................................................................40
Figure 5.11 Address Where Data Found....................................................................................41
Figure 5.12 Address Where Data Not Found.............................................................................41
Figure 5.13 Selecting a Memory Range.....................................................................................42
Figure 5.14 Fill Memory Dialog Box ........................................................................................43
Figure 5.15 Move Memory Dialog Box.....................................................................................44
Figure 5.16 Test Memory Dialog Box .......................................................................................44
Figure 5.17 Save S-Record File Dialog Box..............................................................................45
Figure 5.18 Message Box for Confirming File Save Completion..............................................46
Figure 5.19 Load Object File Dialog Box..................................................................................46
Figure 5.20 Message Box for Confirming File Load Completion .............................................47
Figure 5.21 Verify S-Record File with Memory Dialog Box ....................................................47
Figure 5.22 Message Box for Confirming Verification Completion .........................................48
Figure 6.1 Highlighted Line Corresponding to PC Address ....................................................50
Figure 6.2 Step Program Dialog Box.......................................................................................52
Figure 7.1 Execution Halted by Clicking Halt Button.............................................................53
Figure 7.2 Setting a Program Breakpoint.................................................................................54
Figure 7.3 Break at a Program Breakpoint...............................................................................54
Figure 7.4 Breakpoints Window ..............................................................................................55
Figure 7.5 Run Program Dialog Box .......................................................................................58
Figure 8.1 Selecting Instant Watch ..........................................................................................59
Figure 8.2 Instant Watch Dialog Box ......................................................................................60
Figure 8.3 Add Watch Dialog Box ..........................................................................................61
Figure 8.4 Watch Window.......................................................................................................61
Figure 8.5 Expanding a Watch.................................................................................................62
Figure 8.6 Modifying Radix for Watch Item Display..............................................................63
Figure 8.7 Edit Value Dialog Box............................................................................................63
Figure 8.8 Locals Window.......................................................................................................64
Figure 8.9 Registers Window...................................................................................................65
Figure 8.10 Register Dialog Box ...............................................................................................66
Figure 8.11 I/O Registers Window ............................................................................................68
Figure 8.12 Dialog Box for Modifying I/O Register Contents ..................................................69
Figure 9.1 Overlay Dialog Box (at Opening)...........................................................................73
Figure 9.2 Overlay Dialog Box (Address Range Selected)......................................................74
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xv of xvii
Figure 9.3 Overlay Dialog Box (Highest-Priority Section Group Selected)............................75
Figure 10.1 Select Function Dialog Box....................................................................................77
Figure 11.1 Minimizing a Window............................................................................................79
Figure 11.2 Code Window Icon.................................................................................................79
Figure 11.3 Icons Before Arrangement......................................................................................80
Figure 11.4 Icons After Arrangement........................................................................................81
Figure 11.5 Selecting a Window................................................................................................82
Figure 11.6 Customise Toolbar Dialog Box ..............................................................................83
Figure 11.7 Font Dialog Box .....................................................................................................85
Figure 11.8 Session Name Display ............................................................................................85
Figure 11.9 HDI Options Dialog Box........................................................................................86
Figure 11.10 Setting Radix ..........................................................................................................87
Figure 12.1 Menus .....................................................................................................................89
Figure 13.1 Breakpoints Window ..............................................................................................99
Figure 13.2 Command Line Window.........................................................................................101
Figure 13.3 I/O Registers Window ............................................................................................102
Figure 13.4 Locals Window.......................................................................................................103
Figure 13.5 Memory Mapping Window ....................................................................................105
Figure 13.6 Memory Window....................................................................................................106
Figure 13.7 Performance Analysis Window ..............................................................................108
Figure 13.8 Source Format.........................................................................................................110
Figure 13.9 Assembly-Language Format...................................................................................110
Figure 13.10 Registers Window...................................................................................................113
Figure 13.11 System Status Window...........................................................................................114
Figure 13.12 Text Window..........................................................................................................115
Figure 13.13 Trace Window ........................................................................................................116
Figure 13.14 Watch Window.......................................................................................................118
Figure A.1 HDI System Modules .............................................................................................121
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page xvi of xvi
Section 1 Introduction
The Hitachi Debugging Interface (HDI) is a Graphical User Interface intended to ease the
development and debugging of applications written in C/C++ and assembly language for Hitachi
microcomputers. Its aim is to provide a powerful yet intuitive way of accessing, observing and
modifying the debugging platform in which the application is running.
1.1
Key Features
•
•
•
•
Windows® GUI for debugging
Intuitive interface
On-line help
Common “Look & Feel”
Notes: 1. For detailed information about debugging platform hardware, please refer to the
separate Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
2. The HDI does not run on Windows® version 3.1.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 1 of 152
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 2 of 152
Section 2 System Overview
HDI is a modular software system, utilizing self-contained modules for specific tasks. These
modules are linked to a general purpose Graphical User Interface, which provides a common look
& feel independent of the particular modules with which the system is configured.
2.1
User Interface
The HDI Graphical User Interface is a Windows® application that presents the debugging platform
to you and allows you to set up and modify the system.
Figure 2.1 HDI Graphical User Interface
2.1.1
Menu Bar
Debugging commands are grouped into similar areas on the Menu bar. Using the mouse you can
select a command operation or invoke a dialog box or a window to interact with the system.
Clicking the left mouse button on a category will pull down a menu, from which you can select an
option.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 3 of 152
If the menu option does not perform an action directly, but instead displays a dialog box or
window for further user interaction, then it will be followed by an ellipsis (three dots, …):
Figure 2.2 Ellipsis
If the menu action can also be invoked by pressing a function key, then the function key number
(Fn) will be displayed next to the option.
If a menu option toggles a feature on or off then a check mark ( ) will be displayed next to its text
when it is enabled:
Figure 2.3 Check Mark
In this manual, a menu option selection is expressed using brackets ([ ]). For example, the above
operation is expressed as [View -> Toolbar]. The cascading menu option selection shown below
is expressed as [Setup->Radix->Hexadecimal]. If the menu option has a cascading menu symbol
(
) next to it then a cascading or hierarchical menu is available. Clicking on the menu option will
pop up the cascading menu:
Click [Radix]
Figure 2.4 Cascading Menu
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 4 of 152
Menus can also be selected directly from the keyboard by pressing the ALT key followed by the
corresponding key for the underlined letter or number in the menu option (called the accelerator
key) that you want to select. For example, press ALT, F, L in sequence to load a program.
Figure 2.5 Accelerator Key
2.1.2
Toolbar
The HDI has a toolbar located below the menu bar. This provides quick access to HDI features by
clicking the respective button with the mouse.
Figure 2.6 Default Toolbar
The buttons are arranged together in associated groups.
Load Code
Save Memory
Verify Memory
Figure 2.7 File Operation
Cut Selection
Copy Selection
Paste Selection
Find Pattern
Fill Memory Block
Move Memory Block
Test Memory Block
Figure 2.8 Copy & Move Operations
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 5 of 152
Run Program
Run from Reset
Stop Program
Step Into
Step Over
Step Out
Figure 2.9 Execution Operations
Program
Register
Memory
Breakpoint
Trace
Memory Mapping
Status
Figure 2.10 Open Windows
List Help
Figure 2.11 Help
The toolbar buttons can be customized to provide a button for most of the features available in
HDI and can be arranged in an order that you find easiest to use.
For more details about changing the arrangement of the toolbar buttons and a detailed description
of each button’s function see section 11.5, Customizing the Toolbar.
2.1.3
Status Bar
The Status bar is located at the bottom of the HDI application window. It provides the user with
information about what the debugging system is doing or has just done and also displays the state
of the Cap/Num/Scrl lock.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 6 of 152
Status message
Cap/Num/Scrl lock state
Figure 2.12 Status Bar
2.1.4
Pop-Up Menus
Windows have Pop-up menus in order to make commonly used features easier to access. These
menus are invoked by clicking the right mouse button in the window (or pressing SHIFT+F10)
and then selecting the required menu option:
Figure 2.13 Pop-Up Menu
The contents and operation of specific Pop-up menus are explained in detail in the description of
each HDI window. See section 13, Windows.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 7 of 152
2.2
Data Entry
When entering numbers in any dialog box or field you can always enter an expression instead of a
simple number. This expression can contain symbols and can use the operators in the C/C++
programming languages. Use of C/C++ language features such as arrays and structures is only
available if an object reader that supports C/C++ language debugging is in use.
2.2.1
Operators
The C/C++ language operators are available:
+, -, *, /, &, |, ^, ~, !, >>, <<, %, (, ), <, >, <=, >=, ==, !=, &&, ||
2.2.2
Data Formats
Unprefixed data values will be taken as being in the default radix set by the [Setup->Radix] menu
option, with the exception of count fields which expect decimal values as a default (independent
of the current default system radix).
Symbols may be used by name and ASCII character strings can be entered if surrounded by single
quote characters, e.g. ‘demo’.
The following prefixes can be used to identify radices:
O’ Octal
B’ Binary
D’ Decimal
H’ Hexadecimal
0x Hexadecimal
The contents of a register may be used by specifying the register name, prefixed by the #
character, e.g.:
#R1, #ER3, #R4L
2.2.3
Precision
All mathematics in expression evaluation is done using 32 bits (signed). Any values exceeding 32
bits are truncated.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 8 of 152
2.2.4
Expression Examples
Buffer_start + 0x1000
#R1 | B'10001101
((pointer + (2 * increment_size)) & H'FFFF0000) >> D'15
!(flag ^ #ER4)
2.2.5
Symbol Format
You can specify and reference symbols in the same format as in C/C++ language. Cast operators
may be used together with symbols, and you can reference data after its type has been converted.
Note the following limitations.
•
•
•
•
Pointers can be specified up to four levels.
Arrays can be specified up to three dimensions.
References (&) can be specified for only one level.
No typedef name can be used.
2.2.6
Symbol Examples
Object.value
p_Object->value
Class::value
*value
//Specifies direct reference of a member (C/C++)
//Specifies indirect reference of a member (C/C++)
//Specifies reference of a member with class (C++)
//Specifies a pointer (C/C++)
&value
//Specifies a reference (C/C++)
array[0]
//Specifies an array (C/C++)
Object.*value
::g_value
//Specifies reference of a member with pointer (C++)
//Specifies reference of a global variable (C/C++)
Class::function(short) //Specifies a member function (C++)
(struct STR) *value //Specifies cast operation (C/C++)
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 9 of 152
2.3
Help
HDI has a standard Windows® context sensitive help system. This provides on-line information
about using the debugging system.
Help can be invoked by pressing the F1 key or via the Help menu. Additionally, some windows
and dialog boxes have a dedicated help button to launch the help file at the appropriate location:
Figure 2.14 Help Button
2.3.1
Context Sensitive Help
To get help on a specific item in the HDI, a help cursor can be used. To enable the help cursor,
press SHIFT+F1.
Your cursor then changes to include a question mark. You can then click on the item for which
you require help and the help system will be opened at the appropriate location.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 10 of 152
Section 3 Preparing to Debug
This section of the manual describes all the facilities that are available in HDI for setting up the
debugging platform ready to start debugging your program. You will learn how to select and
configure a debugging platform with which to debug, and how to load your debug object file.
3.1
Compiling for Debug
In order to be able to debug your program at C/C++ source level, your C/C++ program must be
compiled and linked with the debug option enabled. When this option is enabled, the compiler
puts all the information necessary for debugging your C/C++ code into the absolute file or
management information file, which are then usually called debug object files.
Note: Make sure you have the debug option enabled on your compiler and linker, when you
generate an object file for debugging.
If your debug object file does not contain any debugging information, then you can still load it
into the debugging platform, but you will only be able to debug at assembly-language level.
3.2
Selecting a Debugging Platform
If you have only installed HDI for a single debugging platform, then it will automatically link to
the installed debugging platform when launched.
However, if you have installed more than one debugging platform, then you will have to select the
appropriate debugging platform at HDI start-up or with the Select Platform dialog box by
clicking on the [Setup->Select Platform...] menu option.
Figure 3.1 Select Platform Dialog Box
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 11 of 152
The dialog box lists all of the debugging platforms installed in the system. (These could be for
hardware in-circuit emulators, software simulation engines or evaluation board monitors.) Select
the debugging platform you want to use in this session.
HDI will load the target module and establish communications with the debugging platform. As
the module loads, it will initialize any hardware or data structures and provide status messages on
the status bar as the initialization progresses. When the debugging platform has been successfully
initialized HDI will report “Link up” on the status bar:
Figure 3.2 Link up Message
Note: If you have only one debugging platform installed in your system this option is disabled
(the [Setup->Select Platform...] menu option is grayed) as HDI automatically links to
that debugging platform.
3.3
Configuring the Debugging Platform
Before you can load a program into your debugging platform you must set it up to match your
application’s system. The items that must be set-up are typically device type, operating mode,
clock speed and the memory map. It is particularly important to set-up the memory map, as you
must have memory in the debugging platform to which your user code will be loaded.
3.3.1
Setup
To set-up the debugging platform configuration invoke the [Setup->Configure Platform...] menu
option. You will be presented with a set-up dialog box specific to the debugging platform that you
chose in the Select Platform dialog box.
Note: For a detailed description of the features available in your debugging platform, please
refer to the separate Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
3.3.2
Mapping
For the debugger to correctly represent your user system, the memory map must be set up. It needs
to know which areas in the device’s address space are RAM, ROM, on-chip registers or areas
where there is no memory.
When you select the device type and mode in the Configure Platform dialog box, HDI will
automatically set up the map for that device and the mode in which the processor is operating. For
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 12 of 152
example in a device with internal ROM and RAM, the areas where these are located in the
device’s memory map will be set by default.
If you are using a device that does not have internal memory, or a device with external memory
instead of, or in addition to, the internal memory, then you must tell the debugging platform that
you have memory there. Also if you are trying to debug code with an emulator and wish to have
some memory available in the address map that does not exist either internally in the device or
externally in your user system, then you can map some emulation memory from the emulator to
the address space for your application to use.
Again the dialog box shown will be specific to the debugging platform that you chose in the Select
Platform dialog box. But, for example, with a hardware in-circuit emulator you will see
something like:
Map setting
Device
configuration
System
resources
Figure 3.3 Memory Mapping Window
The Map Setting area shows how the address space is currently mapped. It lists all address ranges
covering the entire address space and the type of memory to which they are set; internal or
external to the emulator and any access restrictions they may have, e.g. read only or guarded (no
access). This includes those ranges set automatically by HDI and those you have set or modified
yourself.
The Device Configuration area shows how the memory in the device’s address space is
configured, according to the device type and mode selected in the Configure Platform dialog box
and any on-chip memory control settings.
The System Resources area shows the status of mapping resources available to the system. For
example in an emulator this will show the address ranges to which emulation memory has been
allocated and which are currently available.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 13 of 152
Clicking on the [Reset] button will set the system map setting back to the default for the current
device type and mode.
To modify a map setting, select it and click on the [Edit] button or double click on the map setting
line. From the following dialog box you will then be able to modify the start and end addresses of
the map range, and the memory type setting:
Figure 3.4 Edit Memory Mapping Dialog Box
To add a new range click on the [Add] button, the Add Memory Mapping dialog box will appear
(it is the same as the Edit Memory Map dialog box but without any default values). Enter the
start and end addresses of the map range, and the memory type setting for the new area. If the new
range is in the middle of an existing range, HDI will automatically adjust the new range.
Note: Due to page length limitations in some emulators, the range addresses may not exactly
match the entered addresses.
3.3.3
Status
You can check the configuration and status of the debugging platform by looking in the System
Status window. This is invoked from the [View->Status Window] menu.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 14 of 152
Figure 3.5 System Status Window
The status in the window can be updated on demand from the pop-up menu. Click the right mouse
button to pop-up the pop-up menu and select [Configure].
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 15 of 152
3.4
Downloading a Program
Once you have made sure that there is memory in your system in which to download your code,
you can then proceed to download a program to debug. Clicking on the [File->Load Program...]
menu option will invoke the Load Object File dialog box:
Figure 3.6 Load Object File Dialog Box
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 16 of 152
3.4.1
Selecting a File Type
To select a file to download, first select the type of file to display in the list area by clicking in the
Files of type field and then click on the file type that you require.
Figure 3.7 File Type Selection
The file list will then be updated with the files available, from which your selection can be made.
Directory and drive navigation is possible using the standard windows file open dialog box
controls, to the right of the file list. Alternatively the file name can be typed into the File name:
field directly.
3.4.2
Setting a File Path Name
The source code can be displayed in the Program window even after moving the source file from
the directory wherein it has been compiled or assembled, to another directory.
If the directory wherein the source file was compiled or assembled differs from the directory now
containing the source file, specify each directory in the Load Object File dialog box before
downloading the program.
In the Source File Path group edit box, enter the directory name in which the source file was
compiled or assembled in the Old Path field and the directory name to which the source file was
moved in the Replace Path field.
If this setting is performed before downloading the program, the source code can be displayed in
the Program window.
Clicking the [Open] button after selecting a file will initiate the downloading. During the
download HDI will give a readout of progress on the status bar, and will display the following
message when it is finished.
Figure 3.8 Download Completion Message
A message box will be shown indicating the areas of memory in the user system that have been
changed.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 17 of 152
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 18 of 152
Section 4 Looking at Your Program
This section describes how to look at your program as source code and assembly-language
mnemonics. HDI’s facilities for dealing with code and symbol information are explained and you
will be shown how to look at text files in the user interface.
4.1
Viewing the Code
To look at your program, open a Program window by either selecting the [View->Program
Window...] menu option or clicking on the Program Window button [ ] on the toolbar (if it is
visible).
If you do not have any source files open already, HDI will prompt you for the relevant source file
via the Open dialog box:
Viewing
assembler
code
Figure 4.1 Open Dialog Box
Select your source file and press [Open], HDI opens a Program window:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 19 of 152
Header bar
Address field
Breakpoint
Source code
Figure 4.2 Program Window (Source Display)
The Program window source display is divided into two areas; the header bar area and the main
window area, and split vertically into three columns; Address, Break, and Code. The respective
width of each column can be adjusted by dragging the dividing line between each column title in
the header bar. The cursor will change to
and a vertical line will be displayed where the
dividing line of the columns will be. Release the mouse button when you are satisfied with the
column width and the display will be updated with the new column width.
By default the window will display the C/C++ or assembly-language source text of your program.
4.1.1
Viewing Assembly-Language Code
If you do not have a source file, but wish to view code at assembly-language level, select the
Address radio button in the “Open on” group of the Open dialog box and enter the address (or
symbol) in the Address field. Note that this is the only valid option if you have opened the
Program window by the address and have no matching source file.
The Program window will show assembly-language mnemonics (with symbols when available)
and the Code column will be replaced with three columns; Code - showing the machine code
values, Label - showing labels and symbols, and Assembler - showing the disassembled
mnemonics.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 20 of 152
Figure 4.3 Program Window (Assembly-Language Display)
Modifying Assembly-Language Code
4.1.2
You can modify the assembly-language code by double-clicking on the instruction that you wish
to change. The Assembler dialog box will appear:
Address
Machine code
Disassembled
instruction
Figure 4.4 Assembler Dialog Box
The address, machine code and disassembled instruction are displayed. Type the new instruction
or edit the old instruction in the Mnemonic field. Clicking [OK] or pressing ENTER will
assemble the instruction into memory and move on to the next instruction. Clicking [Cancel] or
pressing ESC will close the dialog box.
Note: The assembly-language display is disassembled from the actual machine code in the
debugging platform’s memory. If the memory contents are changed the display will show
the corresponding new assembly-language code, but will not match the text shown in the
source display.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 21 of 152
4.1.3
Displaying Source Code
To change the Program window display to show source code, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking
the right mouse button (or alternatively pressing SHIFT+F10 on the keyboard) and select
[Source].
4.1.4
Displaying Mixed Code
You can also display source code lines interspersed with the corresponding assembly-language
code in what is called a Mixed display. To change the Program window display to show mixed
source and assembly-language code, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button
(or alternatively pressing SHIFT+F10 on the keyboard) and select [Mixed].
4.2
Looking at Symbols
In addition to the debugging information that HDI uses to link your program’s source code to the
actual code in memory, the debug object file also contains symbol information. These symbols (or
labels) are text names that represent an address in the program. When you have the Program
window in assembly-language format or mixed format, you will see symbols in the Label field on
the line of the corresponding address, and in the Assembler field as an instruction’s operand.
Note: An instruction’s operand is replaced with a symbol if the operand and symbol match. This
is done on a simple match of the operand and symbols' values. If two or more symbols
have the same value, then the symbol that comes first alphabetically will be displayed.
Wherever you can enter an address or value in HDI you can use a symbol instead.
4.2.1
Listing Symbols
To see a list of all the symbols defined in the current session open the Symbols dialog box by
selecting the [Tools->Symbols...] menu option.
The Symbols dialog box shows a list of all the symbols defined in HDI.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 22 of 152
Sort order radio
buttons
Figure 4.5 Symbols Dialog Box
You can view symbols sorted either alphabetically(by ASCII code) or by address value by
clicking on the respective radio buttons.
4.2.2
Finding a Symbol
To find a particular symbol, click on the [Find] button, the Find Symbol Containing dialog box is
presented.
Figure 4.6 Find Symbol Containing Dialog Box
Enter all or part of the symbol name that you wish to find into the edit box and click [OK] or press
ENTER. The dialog box closes and HDI searches the symbol list for a symbol name containing
the text that you entered.
Note: Only the first 255 characters of a symbol are stored, therefore symbols should be unique in
these first characters. Symbols are case sensitive.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 23 of 152
4.2.3
Finding Again
To find the next symbol in the list containing the text that you entered in the Find Symbol
Containing dialog box, click on the [Find Next] button.
4.2.4
Adding Symbols
To add a new symbol to the symbol list press the [Add] button.
Figure 4.7 Add Symbol Dialog Box
Enter the new symbol name into the Name field and the corresponding value into the Value field
and press [OK]. The Add Symbol dialog box closes and the symbol list is updated to show the
new symbol. When an overloaded function or a class name is entered in the Value field, the Select
Function dialog box appears for you to select a function. For details, refer to section 10, Selecting
Functions.
4.2.5
Adding a Symbol from the Program Window
You can quickly add a symbol from the Program window (when it is in assembly-language display
mode), by double-clicking in the Label column at the address for which you want to assign the
symbol. A Label dialog box appears for you to enter the symbol text.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 24 of 152
Figure 4.8 Label Dialog Box
Enter the symbol name text and click [OK], the symbol is added to the symbol list with the
address value contained in the Address column of the corresponding line, and the Program
window display is updated to show the symbol.
This method can also be used for quickly modifying the text of existing symbols. When you
double-click on the symbol in the Label column, the text is copied into the edit box of the Label
dialog box. You can then edit it and the modified version is saved in the symbol list. The Program
window display is updated to show the new symbol.
Note: To use added or modified symbols again in later sessions, save the symbols in a file. For
details, see section 4.2.10, Saving a Symbol File.
4.2.6
Modifying Symbols
Symbol names and values can be modified from the Symbols dialog box. Open this by selecting
the [Tools->Symbols...] menu option. Select the symbol to modify by clicking on the symbol line
in the list display. Clicking on the [Edit] button will open the Edit Symbol dialog box:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 25 of 152
Figure 4.9 Edit Symbol Dialog Box
You can then edit the symbol name and value. Press [OK] to save the modified version in the
symbol list. The list display is updated to show the new symbol. When an overloaded function or a
class name is entered in the Value field, the Select Function dialog box appears for you to select a
function. For details, refer to section 10, Selecting Functions.
4.2.7
Deleting Symbols
To delete a symbol from the symbol list, select the symbol to delete from the Symbols dialog box
by clicking on the symbol line in the list display, and click on the [Delete] button. A confirmation
message box appears:
Figure 4.10 Message Box for Confirming Symbol Deletion
If you click on the [Yes] button the symbol is removed from the HDI system’s symbol table and
the list display is updated.
4.2.8
Deleting All Symbols
To delete all the symbols from the symbol list, click on the [Del All] button. A confirmation
message box appears:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 26 of 152
Figure 4.11 Message Box for Confirming All Symbol Deletion
If you click on the [Yes] button all the symbols are removed from the HDI system’s symbol table
and the list display will be cleared.
4.2.9
Loading a Symbol File
Although HDI will automatically extract symbols from a debug object file when it is loaded, there
may be times when you want to load extra symbols. This could be the case if you are debugging
code without debug information. Having to enter these symbols manually using the Add Symbols
dialog box would be extremely tedious, but fortunately HDI allows you to load symbols from an
external symbol file.
To load a symbol file into HDI, open the Symbols dialog box by selecting the [Tools->Symbols...]
menu option and click the [Load] button. The Load Symbols dialog box appears:
Figure 4.12 Load Symbols Dialog Box
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The dialog box operates like a standard Windows® open file dialog box; select the file and click
[Open] to start loading. The standard file extension for symbol files is “.sym”. When the loading
is complete a message box shows how many symbols have been loaded:
Figure 4.13 Number of Loaded Symbols
4.2.10
Saving a Symbol File
To save a symbol file from HDI, open the Symbols dialog box by selecting the
[Tools->Symbols...] menu option and click the [Save] button. The Save Symbols dialog box
appears. The dialog box operates like a standard Windows® save file dialog box. Enter the name
for the file in the File name: field and click [Open] to start saving. The standard file extension for
symbol files is “.sym”.
4.2.11 Symbol File Format
In order for HDI to be able to understand and decode the symbol file correctly, the file must be
formatted in a specific way:
1. The file must be a plain ASCII text file.
2. The file must start with the word “BEGIN”.
3. Each symbol must be on a separate line with the value first, in hexadecimal terminated by an
“H”, followed by a space then the symbol text.
4. The file must end with the word “END”.
Example:
BEGIN
11FAH Symbol_name_1
11FCH Symbol_name_2
11FEH Symbol_name_3
1200H Symbol_name_4
END
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4.3
Looking at a Specific Address
When you are looking at your program in the Program window, you may want to look at another
area of your program’s code. Rather than scrolling through a lot of code in the program, you can
go directly to a specific address. Double-click in the Address column of the Program window, the
Set Address dialog box appears:
Figure 4.14 Set Address Dialog Box
Enter the address or symbol name in the edit box and either click on [OK] or press ENTER. If the
code at that address is in the same source file, the Program window updates to show the code at
the new address. When an overloaded function or a class name is entered, the Select Function
dialog box appears for you to select a function. For details, refer to section 10, Selecting
Functions.
If the new address is in another source file, a new Program window opens to show the code at that
address. By default the new window shows source if it is available. If no source is available for the
new address, the Program window shows assembly-language code.
If the new address is in a source file that already has a Program window open, that window is
brought to the front and updated to show the code at the new address.
4.3.1
Looking at the Current Program Counter Address
Wherever you can enter an address or value into HDI, you can also enter an expression (see
section 2.2, Data Entry). If you enter a register name prefixed by the “#” character, the contents of
that register will be used as the value in the expression. Therefore if you invoke the Set Address
dialog box and enter the expression “#PC”, the Program window display will go to the current PC
address. It also allows that you can display from an offset of the current PC by entering an
expression with the PC register plus an offset, e.g., “#PC+0x100”.
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4.4
Finding Text
You can search for a particular text string in the Program window using the find option. To do this
invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button (or alternatively pressing SHIFT+F10
on the keyboard) and select [Find…].
The Find dialog box is displayed:
Figure 4.15 Find Dialog Box
Enter the text that you wish to find and click [Find Next] or press ENTER. The Program window
will display the text (if found) highlighted. To find the next occurrence of the text, click [Find
Next] or press ENTER again. To close the Find dialog box, click [Cancel] or press ESC.
4.5
Looking at a Text File
HDI will automatically show source files for your program if the debug object file provides it with
source file information. However there will be occasions when you want to look at source or text
files for which the compiler does not include this information e.g. include files, data tables or
project documentation files. HDI provides this feature with the Text window.
4.5.1
Opening a Text Window
To open a Text window, select [View->Text Window...] menu option.
The Open dialog box appears:
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Figure 4.16 Open Dialog Box
The dialog box operates like a standard Windows® open file dialog box; select a text file and click
[Open] to open it. A Text window will open and the file will be displayed.
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Figure 4.17 Text Window
You can move around in the display window using the scroll bars or via the keyboard using the
cursor and Page Up/Down keys.
4.5.2
Copying Text
To copy text from a Text window into the clipboard, first select the text by dragging the mouse
over it. Then invoke the local pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button:
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Figure 4.18 Copying Text
Click on [Copy] and the selected text is copied to the clipboard.
4.5.3
Finding Text
You can search for a particular text string in the Text window using the find option. Invoke the
local pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, click on [Find...] and you will be presented
with the Find dialog box.
Figure 4.19 Find Dialog Box
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Enter the text that you wish to search for in the edit box and click on [Find Next]. HDI searches
through the Text window and stops at the first occurrence of the text that you specified. To find
the next occurrence, click [Find Next] again.
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Section 5 Working with Memory
This section describes how to look at areas of memory in the CPU’s address space. It will show
you how to look at an area of memory in different formats, fill, move and test a block of memory,
and save, load and verify an area of memory with a disk file.
5.1
Looking at an Area of Memory
To look at an area of memory, open a Memory window, by selecting the [View->Memory
Window] menu option, or clicking the Memory Window toolbar button [ ] if it is visible. You
will be presented with an Open Memory Window dialog box:
Figure 5.1 Open Memory Window Dialog Box
Type in the start address or equivalent symbol for the window display in the Address field and
select the required display format from the Format list. Click [OK] or press ENTER, and the
dialog box disappears and a Memory window opens:
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Figure 5.2 Memory Window (Bytes)
If you want to change the display format from the one you selected when you opened the window,
this can be done from the pop-up menu.
5.1.1
Displaying Memory as Bytes
To display memory as bytes, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button (or
pressing SHIFT+F10).
Select the [Byte] menu option and the display will be updated to show the area of memory as
individual bytes, as shown above.
5.1.2
Displaying Memory as Words
To display memory as words, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button (or
pressing SHIFT+F10). Select the [Word] menu option and the display will be updated to show
the area of memory as 16 bit words:
Figure 5.3 Memory Window (Words)
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5.1.3
Displaying Memory as Long words
To display memory as long words, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button (or
pressing SHIFT+F10). Select the [Long] menu option and the display will be updated to show the
area of memory as 32 bit long words:
Figure 5.4 Memory Window (Long words)
5.1.4
Displaying Memory as Single-Precision Floating Point
To display memory as single-precision floating-point data, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking
the right mouse button (or pressing SHIFT+F10). Select the [Single float] menu option and the
display will be updated to show the area of memory as single-precision floating-point data:
Figure 5.5 Memory Window (Single-Precision Floating Point)
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5.1.5
Displaying Memory as Double-Precision Floating Point
To display memory as double-precision floating-point data, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking
the right mouse button (or pressing SHIFT+F10). Select the [Double float] menu option and the
display will be updated to show the area of memory as double-precision floating-point data:
Figure 5.6 Memory Window (Double-Precision Floating Point)
5.1.6
Displaying Memory as ASCII
To display memory as ASCII characters, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse
button (or pressing SHIFT+F10). Select the [ASCII] menu option and the display will be updated
to show the area of memory as ASCII characters:
Figure 5.7 Memory Window (ASCII)
5.1.7
Looking at a Different Area of Memory
If you want to change the area of memory that the Memory window is displaying you can use the
scroll bars. To quickly look at a new address you can use the Set Address dialog box. This can be
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invoked either from the pop-up menu or by double clicking in the Address column. Invoke the
pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing SHIFT+F10) and click on [Set
Address]:
Figure 5.8 Set Address Dialog Box
The Set Address dialog box appears; enter the new address value. Click [OK] or press ENTER,
the dialog box disappears and the Memory window display is updated with the data at the new
address. When an overloaded function or a class name is entered, the Select Function dialog box
appears for you to select a function. For details, refer to section 10, Selecting Functions.
5.2
Modifying Memory Contents
There are two ways that you can change the contents of memory at an address; the quick edit
method that allows you to enter values by typing directly into the window, but is limited to
hexadecimal values only, and the full edit method that requires you to enter values via a dialog
box, but allows you to enter values in any simple or complex expressions.
5.2.1
Quick Edit
The quick way to change the contents of memory is to select the digit that you wish to change, by
clicking or dragging on it. You will see the selected digit is highlighted. Type the new value for
the digit, it must be in the range 0-9, a-f. The new value is written into the digit and the cursor
moves on to the next digit in memory.
5.2.2
Full Edit
The full way to change the contents of memory is accessed via the Edit dialog box. Move the
cursor on the memory unit (depending on your Memory window display choice) that you wish to
change. Either double-click on the memory unit, or press ENTER. The Edit dialog box appears:
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Figure 5.9 Edit Dialog Box
Like any other data entry field in HDI, you can enter a formatted number or C/C++ expression
(see section 2.2, Data Entry). When you have entered the new number or expression, click the
[OK] button or press ENTER, the dialog box closes and the new value is written into memory.
5.3
Finding a Value in Memory
You can search for a value in memory using the Find feature. To find the value, invoke the pop-up
menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing SHIFT+F10) and click on [Find]. The Find
Memory dialog box appears:
Figure 5.10 Find Memory Dialog Box
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Enter the start and end addresses of the range in which to search and the data value to search for.
Select the search format Long word/Word/Byte/Single float/Double float and click [OK] or press
ENTER. The dialog box closes and HDI searches the range for the specified data. If the data is
found, a message showing the address at which the data has been found is displayed on the Status
bar:
Figure 5.11 Address Where Data Found
otherwise the following message will be displayed:
Figure 5.12 Address Where Data Not Found
5.4
Filling an Area of Memory with a Value
You can set the contents of a range of memory addresses to a value using the memory fill feature.
5.4.1 Selecting a Memory Range
If the memory address range is in the Memory window, you can select the range by clicking on the
first memory unit (depending on your Memory window display choice) and dragging the mouse to
the last unit, the selected range is highlighted.
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Figure 5.13 Selecting a Memory Range
If the memory address range is larger than or outside the Memory window, then you can enter the
start addresses and byte count in the respective fields of Fill Memory dialog box.
5.4.2
Filling the Range
To fill the range, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing
SHIFT+F10) and click on [Fill]. The Fill Memory dialog box appears:
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Figure 5.14 Fill Memory Dialog Box
When an address range has been selected in the Memory window, the specified start address and
byte count will be displayed in the Address and Byte Count fields. Select the format by clicking
on the relevant radio button in the Format group and enter the data value in the Data field. Click
the [OK] button or press ENTER, the dialog box closes and the new value is written into the
memory range.
5.5
Moving an Area of Memory
You can move an area of memory in the address space using the memory move feature. Select a
memory range (see section 5.4.1, Selecting a memory range), invoke the pop-up menu and click
on [Move]. The Move Memory dialog box appears:
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Figure 5.15 Move Memory Dialog Box
The source start address and end address specified in the Memory window will be displayed in the
Source Start Address and Source End Address fields. Enter the destination start address in the
Destination Address field and click the [OK] button or press ENTER, the dialog box closes and
the memory block will be copied to the new address.
5.6
Testing an Area of Memory
You can test an area of memory in the address space using the memory test feature. Select a
memory range (see section 5.4.1, Selecting a memory range), invoke the pop-up menu and click
on [Test]. The Test Memory dialog box appears:
Figure 5.16 Test Memory Dialog Box
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The start address and end address specified in the Memory window will be displayed in the Start
Address and End Address fields. Click the [OK] button or press ENTER, the dialog box closes
and HDI will perform a test on the memory range.
Note: The exact test is target dependent. However, in all cases the current contents of the
memory will be overwritten - YOUR PROGRAM OR DATA WILL BE ERASED.
5.7
Saving an Area of Memory
You can save an area of memory in the address space to a disk file using the save memory feature.
Open the Save S-Record File dialog box by selecting the [File->Save Memory...] menu option:
Figure 5.17 Save S-Record File Dialog Box
Enter the start and end addresses of the memory block that you wish to save and a file name.
Directory and drive navigation is possible using the standard Windows® file open dialog box
controls, to the right of the file list. Click the [Save] button or press ENTER, the dialog box closes
and the memory block will be saved to the disk as a Motorola S-record format file. When the file
save is complete a confirmation message box appears:
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Figure 5.18 Message Box for Confirming File Save Completion
5.8
Loading an Area of Memory
You can load a program to an area of memory from a disk file using the load program feature.
Since programs are loaded as Motorola S-Record files this feature can be used to load any data
values into memory at the addresses specified by the records in the file, e.g. a previously saved
memory block. Open the Load Object File dialog box by selecting the [File->Load Program...]
menu option:
Figure 5.19 Load Object File Dialog Box
You can offset the loading address from the address specified in the S-record by entering a value
(positive or negative) in the Offset field. Click the [Open] button or press ENTER, the dialog box
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closes and the file is loaded into memory. When the file load is complete a confirmation message
box appears:
Figure 5.20 Message Box for Confirming File Load Completion
5.9
Verifying an Area of Memory
You can verify an area of memory in the address space against a disk file using the verify memory
feature. This can be useful for checking the integrity of data currently in memory compared to a
previously saved block of memory in a file. Open the Verify S-Record File with Memory dialog
box by selecting the [File->Verify Memory] menu option:
Figure 5.21 Verify S-Record File with Memory Dialog Box
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You can offset the verification address from the address specified in the S-record by entering a
value (positive or negative) in the Offset field. Click the [OK] button or press ENTER, the dialog
box closes and the file is verified. When the file verification is complete a confirmation message
box appears:
Figure 5.22 Message Box for Confirming Verification Completion
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Section 6 Executing Your Program
This section describes how you can execute your program’s code. You will learn how to do this by
either running your program continuously or stepping single or multiple instructions at a time.
6.1
Running from Reset
To reset your user system and run your program from the Reset Vector address, click the Go Reset
toolbar button [ ], if it is visible, or select the [Run->Go Reset] menu option.
The program will run until it hits a breakpoint or a break condition is met. You can stop the
program manually by clicking the Halt toolbar button [ ] or selecting the [Run->Halt
program] menu option.
Note: The program will start running from whatever address is stored in the Reset Vector
location. Therefore it is important to make sure that this location contains the address of
your startup code.
6.2
Continuing Run
When your program is stopped and the debugger is in break mode, the HDI will highlight the line
in the Program window that corresponds to the CPU’s current Program Counter (PC) address
value. This will be the next instruction to be executed if you perform a step or continue running.
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Figure 6.1 Highlighted Line Corresponding to PC Address
To continue running from the current PC address click the Continue toolbar button [ ], if it is
visible, or select the [Run->Go] menu option.
6.3
Running to the Cursor
Sometimes as you are going through your application you may want to run only a small section of
code, that would require many single steps to execute. In this case it would be useful to be able to
run to a particular point. You can do this using the Go To Cursor feature.
Using Go To Cursor
1. Make sure that the Program window is open showing the address at which you wish to
stop.
2. Position the cursor on the address at which you wish to stop by either clicking in the
Address field or using the cursor keys.
3. Invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing SHIFT+F10).
4. Select the [Go To Cursor] menu option. The debugging platform will run your code from
the current PC value until it reaches the address indicated by the cursor’s position.
Notes: 1. If your program never executes the code at this address, the program will not stop. If
this happens, code execution can be stopped by pressing Esc, selecting the [Run->Halt
program] menu option, or clicking on the ‘Stop’ toolbar button[ ].
2. The Go To Cursor feature requires a temporary breakpoint - if you have already used
all those available then the feature will not work, and the menu option will be disabled.
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6.4
Running to Several Points
When you want to perform something like the Go To Cursor operation but the destination is
outside the Program window, or want to stop at several addresses, you can use HDI’s temporary
breakpoint feature (see section 7.5, Temporary Breakpoints).
6.5
Single Step
When you are debugging your code it is very useful to be able to step a single line or instruction at
a time and examine the effect of that instruction on the system. If the Program window display is
in source mode, then a step operation will step a single source line. If the Program window display
is in assembly-language or mixed mode, a step operation will step a single assembly-language
instruction. If the instruction calls another function or subroutine, you have the option to either
step into or step over the function. If the instruction does not perform a call, then either option will
cause the debugger to execute the instruction and stop at the next instruction.
6.5.1
Stepping Into a Function
If you choose to step into the function the debugger will execute the call and stop at the first line
or instruction of the function. To step into the function either click the Step In toolbar button
[
], if it is visible, or select the [Run->Step In] menu option.
6.5.2 Stepping Over a Function Call
If you choose to step over the function the debugger will execute the call and all of the code in the
function (and any function calls that that function may make) and stop at the next line or
instruction of the calling function. To step over the function either click the Step Over toolbar
button [ ], if it is visible, or select the [Run->Step Over] menu option.
6.6
Stepping Out of a Function
During debugging, there are occasions when you may have entered a function, finished stepping
through the instructions that you want to examine and would like to return to the calling function
without tediously stepping through all the remaining code in the function. Or alternatively (and
perhaps more usefully) you may have stepped into a function by accident, when you meant to step
over it and so want to return to the calling function without stepping all the way through the
current function. You can do this with the Step Out feature.
To step out of the current function either click the Step Out toolbar button [ ], if it is visible, or
select the [Run->Step Out] menu option.
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6.7
Multiple Steps
Sometimes you may find it useful to step several instructions at a time. You can do this by using
the Step Program dialog box. The dialog box also provides an automated step with a selectable
delay between steps. It is invoked by selecting the [Run->Step...] menu option.
The Step Program dialog box is displayed:
Figure 6.2 Step Program Dialog Box
Enter the number of steps in the Steps field and select whether you want to step over function calls
by the Step Over Calls check box. If you are using the feature for automated stepping, select the
step rate from the list in the Rate field. Click [OK] or press ENTER to start stepping.
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Section 7 Stopping Your Program
This section describes how you can halt execution of your application’s code. This section
describes how to do this directly by using the halt command and by setting breakpoints at specific
locations in your code.
7.1
Halting Execution
When your program is running, the Halt toolbar button is enabled [ ] (a red STOP sign), and
when the program has stopped it is disabled [ ] (the STOP sign is grayed out). To stop the
program click on the Halt toolbar button, if it is visible, or select the [Run->Halt Program] menu
option.
Your program’s execution is halted, with the following message displayed on the status bar. HDI
will then update any open windows.
Figure 7.1 Execution Halted by Clicking Halt Button
7.2
Program Breakpoints (PC Breakpoints)
When you are trying to debug your program you will want to be able to stop the program running
when it reaches a specific point or points in your code. You can do this by setting a PC breakpoint
on the line or instruction at which to want the execution to stop. The following instructions will
show you how to quickly set and clear simple PC breakpoints. More complex breakpoint operation
can be done via the Breakpoints window, which is discussed later.
To set a program (PC) breakpoint
1. Make sure that the Program window is open at the place you want to set a program (PC)
breakpoint.
2. Double-click in the Break column of the line at which you want the program to stop.
3. You will see the word ‘Break’ appear in the column to indicate that a program (PC) breakpoint
has been set.
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Current
PC location
Breakpoint set
Figure 7.2 Setting a Program Breakpoint
Now when you run your program and it reaches the address at which you set the program (PC)
breakpoint, execution halts with the message:
Figure 7.3 Break at a Program Breakpoint
displayed on the status bar, and the Program window display is updated with the program (PC)
breakpoint line highlighted.
Note: The line or instruction at which you set a program (PC) breakpoint is not actually
executed; the program stops just before it is about to execute it. If you choose to Go or
Step after stopping at the program (PC) breakpoint, then the highlighted line will be the
next instruction to be executed.
7.2.1
Clearing Program Breakpoints (PC Breakpoints)
To clear a program (PC) breakpoint, double-click on the word ‘Break’ in the Break column of the
line at which the program (PC) breakpoint is set. The display will update and the word ‘Break’
disappears.
7.3
The Breakpoints Window
The Breakpoints window allows you to access complex breakpoints (if your debugging platform
supports them) and gives you more control over setting/clearing and enabling/disabling
breakpoints. To open the Breakpoints window select the [View->Breakpoint Window] menu
option or click the Breakpoint Window toolbar button [ ], if it visible.
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A Breakpoints window opens.
Header bar
Breakpoint
disabled
Breakpoint
enabled
Resource
display
Figure 7.4 Breakpoints Window
The window is divided into two main areas; a list of the breakpoints set in the system, and a
display of breakpoint resources. The breakpoint list is divided horizontally into five columns;
Enable, File/Line, Symbol, Address, and Type. The respective widths of each of the columns can
be adjusted by clicking and dragging on the dividing line between each column title in the header
bar. The cursor will change to
and a vertical line will be displayed at the dividing line of the
columns. Release the mouse button when you are satisfied with the column width and the display
will be updated with the new column width.
7.3.1
Adding a Breakpoint
You can add a new breakpoint in the Breakpoints window in one of three ways:
•
•
•
Click the [Add] button.
Invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button and select the [Add] menu option.
Invoke the pop-up menu by pressing SHIFT+F10 and select the [Add] menu option.
In this manual, directions to click a button also mean selecting the local pop-up menu option
having the same name as the button.
Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box will appear in which you can select the type and
parameters of the breakpoint that you wish to set.
Note: The Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box is specific to the debugging platform you
have selected. Its appearance and operation depend on the breakpoint features available in
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the debugging platform. For details on debugging platform specific breakpoints, see the
separate Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
7.3.2
Modifying a Breakpoint
To edit an existing breakpoint in the Breakpoints window, select the breakpoint in the list by
double clicking, or by clicking on the line corresponding to it and click [Edit] button.
Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box will appear in which you can select the type and
parameters of the breakpoint that you wish to set.
Note: Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box is specific to the debugging platform you have
selected. Its appearance and operation depend on the breakpoint features available in the
debugging platform. For details on debugging platform specific breakpoints, see the
separate Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
7.3.3
Deleting a Breakpoint
To delete an existing breakpoint in the Breakpoints window, select the breakpoint in the list by
clicking on the line corresponding to it and click [Delete] button.
The breakpoint is deleted and the window is updated.
7.3.4
Deleting All Breakpoints
To delete all of the breakpoints listed in the Breakpoints window click [Del All] button.
All breakpoints are deleted and the window is cleared.
7.4
Disabling Breakpoints
During the course of a debugging session you may find that you tend to focus on particular areas
of code for a period of time and then look at other areas, but want to return to the previous ones
afterwards. When concentrating on these areas you will want to set breakpoints to stop your
program execution at useful points. If you have set these breakpoints and wish to move on to
another area of investigation, but know that you will want to return to the current area later, it is
frustrating to have to delete all the breakpoints you have set only to have to set them all again
when you return. Fortunately, HDI eases this problem by allowing you to disable breakpoints,
while still leaving them in the breakpoint list.
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7.4.1
Disabling a Breakpoint
To disable an individual breakpoint, select the breakpoint in the list by clicking on the line
corresponding to it and click [Disable] button.
The menu disappears and the breakpoint list updates to show that the breakpoint is no longer
enabled in the Enable column.
7.4.2
Enabling a Breakpoint
When you want to re-enable a breakpoint in the Breakpoints window list, select the breakpoint in
the list by clicking on the line corresponding to it and click [Enable] button.
The menu disappears and the breakpoint list updates to show that the breakpoint is again enabled,
by showing a check mark in the Enable column.
7.5
Temporary Breakpoints
There are times when you may want to start running your program and want it to stop if it hits one
or more addresses, but do not want to set permanent breakpoints at these address. For example you
may want to perform something like the Go To Cursor operation, but the destination may be
outside the Program window or you may want to stop at several addresses. To do this you can use
HDI’s temporary breakpoint feature to run with up to ten temporary breakpoints set that are
cleared when you break. Temporary breakpoints are set in the Run Program dialog box, which is
opened by selecting the [Run->Run...] menu option.
The Run Program dialog box appears:
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Figure 7.5 Run Program Dialog Box
Enter the symbols or address values for the points at which you want the program to stop (up to
ten points) in the Stop At field. When an overloaded function or a class name is entered, the Select
Function dialog box appears for you to select a function. For details, refer to section 10, Selecting
Functions.
Click the [Go PC] button to start running from the current Program Counter address, as displayed
in the Program Counter field. Click the [Go Reset] button to reset the CPU and start running from
the reset vector address.
The program will stop if it reaches a temporary breakpoint, a normal breakpoint or if you halt it
manually. When the program halts the temporary breakpoints that you specified in the Stop At
field are cleared. When you select the Run Program dialog box again, the temporary breakpoints
are listed and will be set again if you click [Go PC] or [Go Reset]. To remove a temporary
breakpoint from the list, select it by clicking and dragging the mouse across it and press DELETE.
If you click [Cancel] any changes that you have made in the Run Program dialog box will be lost.
7.6
Hardware Breakpoints(Event)
Note: The hardware breakpoints are specific to the debugging platform you have selected. Their
operation depends on the breakpoint features available in the debugging platform. For
details on debugging platform specific breakpoints, see the separate Debugging Platform
User’s Manual.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 58 of 152
Section 8 Looking at Variables
This section describes how to look at the variables and data objects that your program uses. It
shows you how to view variables, set up watch items and look at the contents of the CPU’s
general and on-chip peripheral registers.
8.1
Instant Watch
The quickest way to look at a variable in your program is to use the Instant Watch feature.
To use Instant Watch:
1. Open the Program window showing the variable that you want to examine.
2. Click on the variable. You should see a cursor on the variable.
3. Invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing SHIFT+F10),
and click on [Instant Watch].
Figure 8.1 Selecting Instant Watch
An Instant Watch dialog box appears showing the variable name and its value:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 59 of 152
Figure 8.2 Instant Watch Dialog Box
You can add this variable to the list of watch items in the Watch window by clicking on the [Add
Watch] button.
8.2
Using Watch Items
When you are debugging your program you may find it useful to be able to look at variables of
interest and see their values at different times during the program. HDI allows you to open Watch
windows, which contain a list of variables and their values. To open a Watch window select the
[View->Watch Window] menu option; or click on the Watch Window toolbar button [ ] if it is
visible. A Watch window opens. Initially the contents of the window will be blank.
8.2.1
Adding a Watch
There are two ways to add Watch items to the Watch window; the quick method accessed from the
Program window, and the full method using the Add Watch dialog box in the Watch window.
Quick Method
The quickest way to add a variable to the Watch window is to use the Add Watch feature.
To use Add Watch:
1. Open the Program window showing the variable that you want to examine.
2. Click on the variable. You should see a cursor on the variable.
3. Invoke the Program window pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing
SHIFT+F10) and click on [Add Watch].
4. The variable is added as a watch item and the Watch window updates.
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Full Method
To add an item to the Watch window, invoke the local pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse
button (or pressing SHIFT+F10) in the Watch window and click on the [Add Watch] option.
The Add Watch dialog box appears:
Figure 8.3 Add Watch Dialog Box
Enter the name of the variable that you wish to watch and click [OK]. The variable is added to the
Watch window.
Figure 8.4 Watch Window
Note: If the variable that you have added is a local variable that is not currently in scope, HDI
will add it to the Watch window but its value will be blank.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 61 of 152
8.2.2
Expanding a Watch
If a watch item is a pointer, array, or structure, then you will see a plus sign (+) expansion
indicator to left of its name, this means that you can expand the watch item. To expand a watch
item, double click on it. The item expands to show the elements (in the case of structures and
arrays) or data value (in the case of pointers) indented by one tab stop, and the plus sign changes
to a minus sign (-). If the elements of the watch item also contain pointers, structures, or arrays
then they will also have expansion indicators next to them.
Expanded
watch
Expansion
indicator
Collapsed
watch
Figure 8.5 Expanding a Watch
To collapse an expanded watch item, double click on the item again. The item elements collapse
back to the single item and the minus sign changes back to a plus sign.
8.2.3
Modifying Radix for Watch Item Display
To change the radix for watch item display, click on the watch item you wish to change. Then
invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button, (or pressing SHIFT+F10) and click
on the [Radix] option.
The submenu to specify the radix appears:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 62 of 152
Figure 8.6 Modifying Radix for Watch Item Display
Click on the radix you wish to be used for display, and the radix of the selected watch item is
changed to that.
8.2.4
Changing a Watch Item’s Value
You may wish to change the value of a watch variable, e.g. for testing purposes or if the value is
incorrect due to a bug in your program. To change a watch item’s value use the Edit Value
function.
Editing a watch item’s value:
1. Select the item to edit by clicking on it, you will see a flashing cursor on the item.
2. Invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse button (or pressing SHIFT+F10).
3. Click on the [Edit Value] menu option.
The Edit Value dialog box appears:
Figure 8.7 Edit Value Dialog Box
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Enter the new value or expression in the New Value field and click [OK]. The Watch window is
updated to show the new value.
8.2.5
Deleting a Watch
To delete a watch item, select it by clicking on it. Invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right
mouse button (or pressing SHIFT+F10) and click on the [Delete Watch] option. The item is
deleted and the Watch window is updated.
Note: The watches that you have set in the watch window can be saved in a session file. See
section 11, Configuring the User Interface.
8.3
Looking at Local Variables
To look at local variables, open the Locals window by selecting the [View->Local Variable
Window] menu option.
The Locals window appears:
Figure 8.8 Locals Window
As you debug your program the Locals window will be updated, following a step or break from
run, to show current local variables and their values. If a local variable is not initialized when
defined, then the value in the Locals window will be undefined until a value is assigned to the
local variable.
The local variable values and the radix for local variable display can be modified in the same
manner as in the Watch window.
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8.4
Looking at Registers
If you are debugging at assembly-language level, using the Program window in assembly-
language or mixed display, then you will probably find it useful to see the contents of the CPU’s
general registers. You can do this using the Registers window.
Figure 8.9 Registers Window
To open a Registers window select the [View->Register Window] menu option or click the
Register Window toolbar button [ ] if it is visible. A Registers window opens showing all of the
CPU’s general registers and their values, displayed in hexadecimal.
8.4.1
Modifying Register Contents
There are two ways that you can change a register’s contents; the quick edit method that allows
you to enter values by typing directly into the window, but is limited to hexadecimal values only,
and the full edit method that requires you to enter values via a dialog box, but allows you to enter
values in any base and complex expressions.
Quick Edit
The quick way to change a register’s contents is to select the digit that you wish to change, by
clicking or dragging on it. You will see the selected digit is highlighted. Type the new value for
the digit; it must be in the range 0-9 or a-f. The new value is written into the digit and the cursor
moves to the next digit in the register. When you enter a value into the least significant digit of the
register, the cursor moves on to the most significant digit of the next register. If the digit of the
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 65 of 152
register display indicates a bit e.g. in the CPU condition code register (CCR) then you can press
SPACE to toggle the bit’s value.
Full Edit
The full way to change a register’s contents is accessed via a Register dialog box. Open the
Register dialog box in one of four ways:
•
•
•
Double-click the register you want to change.
Select the register you want to change, and press ENTER.
Select the register you want to change, invoke the pop-up menu by clicking the right mouse
button, and click on the [Edit] menu option.
•
Select the register you want to change, invoke the pop-up menu by pressing SHIFT+F10, and
click on the [Edit] menu option.
Figure 8.10 Register Dialog Box
As in any other data entry field in HDI, you can enter a formatted number or C/C++ expression
(see section 2.2, Data Entry).
You can choose whether to modify the whole register contents or just part of the register by
selecting the Whole register/High Word/Low Word/Byte 0-3 radio buttons. You can enter
floating-point data by checking the Single float check box.
When you have entered the new number or expression, click the [OK] button or press ENTER,
the dialog box closes and the new value is written into the register.
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8.4.2
Using Register Contents
It can be useful to be able to use the value contained in a CPU register when you are entering a
value elsewhere in HDI, for example when displaying a specified address in the Program or
Memory windows. You can do this by specifying the register name prefixed by the “#” character,
e.g.: #R1, #PC, #R6L, or #ER3.
8.5
Looking at I/O
As well as a CPU and ROM/RAM, the microcomputer also contains on-chip peripheral modules.
The exact number and type of peripheral modules differ between devices but typical modules are
DMA controllers, serial Communications interfaces, A/D converters, integrated timer units, a bus
state controller and a watchdog timer. These on-chip peripherals are programmed by accessing
registers mapped into the microcomputer’s address space.
Since the setting up and use of these on-chip peripheral registers is usually very important in an
embedded microcomputer application, it is useful to be able to look clearly at the contents of these
registers. The Memory window only allows you to look at data in memory as byte, word, long
word, single-precision floating-point, double-precision floating-point, or ASCII values, so HDI
also provides an I/O Registers window to ease inspection and setting up of these registers.
8.5.1
Opening an I/O Registers Window
To open an I/O Registers window select the [View->I/O Register Window] menu option or click
the I/O Register Window toolbar button [ ] if it is visible. The I/O register information is
organized by modules, corresponding to the on-chip peripheral modules. When an I/O Registers
window is first opened, only a list of module names is displayed.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 67 of 152
Module name
I/O registers
Register address
Register name
Register value
Figure 8.11 I/O Registers Window
Expanding an I/O Register Display
8.5.2
To display the names, addresses and values of the I/O registers, double click on the module name
or select the module name, by clicking on it or using the cursor keys, and press ENTER. The
module display will expand to show the individual registers of that peripheral module and their
names, addresses and values. Double clicking (or pressing ENTER) again on the module name
will close the I/O register display.
8.5.3
Modifying I/O Register Contents
To edit the value in an I/O register you can double click or press ENTER on the register to open a
dialog box to modify the register contents:
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Figure 8.12 Dialog Box for Modifying I/O Register Contents
When you have entered the new number or expression, click the [OK] button or press ENTER;
the dialog box closes and the new value is written into the register.
Note: If you are using an emulator debugging platform, when it reads data from an I/O register
this can sometimes affect the operation of your program. For example, reading a data
register can cancel a pending interrupt. Data is only read from I/O modules that have been
expanded in the I/O Registers window (so that the register values are displayed).
Therefore, as long as I/O modules are collapsed when they no longer need to be displayed,
this will not cause a problem. In order to check whether this is affecting your program try
running it without the I/O Registers window. Also, note that having a Memory window (or
Code window) open on the I/O area can have the same effect.
8.5.4
I/O Register Files
HDI formats the I/O Registers window based on information it finds in an I/O Register definition
file. When you select a debugging platform using the [Setup->Configure Platform...] menu
option, HDI will look for a “<device>.IO” file corresponding to the selected device and load it if it
exists. This file is a formatted text file that describes the I/O modules and the address and size of
their registers. You can edit this file, with a text editor, to add support for memory mapped
registers or peripherals you may have specific to your application e.g. registers in an ASIC device
mapped into the microcomputer’s address space.
File format
Each module name must be defined in the [Modules] definition section and the numbering of each
module must be sequential. Each module corresponds to a register definition section and within
the section each entry defines an I/O register.
The ‘BaseAddress’ definition is for devices where the location of I/O registers moves in the
address space depending on the CPU mode. In this case, the ‘BaseAddress’ value is the base
address of the I/O registers in one specific mode and the addresses used in the register definitions
are the address locations of the registers in the same mode. When the I/O register file is actually
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 69 of 152
used, the ‘BaseAddress’ value is subtracted from the defined register address and the resultant
offset added to the relevant base address for the selected mode.
The first field in a [Register] definition entry is the register name followed by the “=” character.
The second field is the register address value followed by two optional flags:
1. <size> which may be B, W or L for byte, word, or long word (default is byte).
2. <absolute> which can be set to A if the register is at an absolute address. This is only relevant
if the I/O area address range moves about on the CPU in different modes. In this case, if a
register is defined as absolute the base address offset calculation is not performed and the
specified address is used directly.
Comment lines are allowed and must start with a “;” character.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 70 of 152
Example:
Comment
; SH7034 Family I/O Register Definitions File
[Modules]
Module
definition
BaseAddress=0
Module1=Interrupt Controller
Module2=Bus State Controller
Module3=DMAC Channel 0
...
Module18=Serial Communications Interface 1
Module19=A/D Converter
Module110=User ASIC
[Interrupt Controller]
IPRA=0x5FFFF84 W
IPRB=0x5FFFF86 W
IPRC=0x5FFFF88 W
IPRD=0x5FFFF8A W
IPRE=0x5FFFF8C W
ICR=0x5FFFF8E W
Register
definition
...
[User ASIC]
CTLR=0x10000 L A
ADDR=0x10004 W A
DDIR=0x10006 B A
DATR=0x10007 B A
Register name
Address
Size
Absolute address flag
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Section 9 Overlay Function
Programs making use of the overlay function can be debugged. This section explains the settings
for using the overlay function.
9.1
Displaying Section Group
When the overlay function is used, that is, when several section groups are assigned to the same
address range, the address ranges and section groups are displayed in the Overlay dialog box.
Open the Overlay dialog box by selecting the [Setup->Overlay] menu option.
Figure 9.1 Overlay Dialog Box (at Opening)
This dialog box has two areas: the Address list box and the Section Name list box.
The Address list box displays the address ranges used by the overlay function. Click to select one
of the address ranges in the Address list box.
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Figure 9.2 Overlay Dialog Box (Address Range Selected)
The Section Name list box displays the section groups assigned to the selected address range.
9.2
Setting Section Group
When using the overlay function, the highest-priority section group must be selected in the
Overlay dialog box; otherwise HDI will operate incorrectly.
First click one of the address ranges displayed in the Address list box. The section groups assigned
to the selected address range will then be displayed in the Section Name list box.
Click to select the section group with the highest-priority among the displayed section groups.
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Figure 9.3 Overlay Dialog Box (Highest-Priority Section Group Selected)
After selecting a section group, clicking the [OK] button stores the priority setting and closes the
dialog box. Clicking the [Cancel] button closes the dialog box without storing the priority setting.
Note: Within the address range used by the overlay function, the debugging information for the
section specified in the Overlay dialog box is referred to. Therefore, the same section of
the currently loaded program must be selected in the Overlay dialog box.
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Section 10 Selecting Functions
When selecting overloaded functions or member functions that can be used in C++ programs,
follow the description in this section.
10.1
Displaying Functions
Use the Select Function dialog box to display overloaded functions and member functions.
A function can be selected in the following cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
When setting a breakpoint
When specifying a function in the Run Program dialog box
In the Set Address dialog box for opening the Program window
In the Set Address dialog box for opening the Memory window
When adding or modifying a symbol
When specifying a function for performance analysis
When multiple functions have the same specified function name, or when a class name including a
member function is specified, the Select Function dialog box opens.
Figure 10.1 Select Function Dialog Box
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 77 of 152
This dialog box has three areas.
•
•
•
Select Function Name list box
Displays the same-name functions or member functions and their detailed information.
Set Function Name list box
Displays the function to be set and their detailed information.
Counter group edit box
All Function
Displays the number of same-name functions or member functions.
Select Function Displays the number of functions displayed in the Select Function Name list
box.
Set Function
Displays the number of functions displayed in the Set Function Name list
box.
10.2
Specifying Functions
Select overloaded functions or member functions in the Select Function dialog box. Generally, one
function can be selected at one time; only for setting breakpoints, multiple functions can be
selected.
10.2.1 Selecting a Function
Click the function you wish to select in the Select Function Name list box, and click the [>]
button. You will see the selected function in the Set Function Name list box. To select all
functions in the Select Function Name list box, click the [>>] button.
10.2.2 Deleting a Function
Click the function you wish to delete from the Set Function Name list box, and click the [<]
button. To delete all functions in the Set Function Name list box, click the [<<] button.
10.2.3 Setting a Function
Click the [OK] button to set the functions displayed in the Set Function Name list box. The
functions are set and the Select Function dialog box closes.
Clicking the [Cancel] button closes the dialog box without setting the functions.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 78 of 152
Section 11 Configuring the User Interface
When we designed the user interface for HDI we tried to make all the frequently used operations
quickly accessible and have related operations grouped in a logical order. However, when you are
in the middle of a heavy debugging session you may find it more useful to have a different
arrangement of the user interface items or you may just have a personal preference for the way
you want it arranged. We realize this and so HDI allows you to customize the user interface so that
you can be satisfied with the tool that you are using for debugging your program. This section
describes how you can arrange the user interface windows, customize various aspects of the
display and save the configuration.
11.1
Arranging Windows
11.1.1 Minimizing Windows
If you have temporarily finished using an open window but want to be able to look at it in its
current state later, you can reduce it to an icon. This is called minimizing the window. To
minimize a window, either click on the minimize button of the window, or select the
[
->Minimize] window menu option.
Window menu
Minimize button
Figure 11.1 Minimizing a Window
The window is minimized to an icon at the bottom left of the HDI application window; for the
above Code window example the icon is:
Figure 11.2 Code Window Icon
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 79 of 152
Note: You may not be able to see the icon if you have a window open over the bottom of the
screen.
To restore the icon back to a window, either double click on the icon, or click once to invoke the
pop-up menu and select [Restore].
11.1.2 Arranging Icons
Although the icons will be put at the bottom left of the HDI application window by default when
you minimize a window, you can move them anywhere you like in the application window by
simply clicking and dragging them to a new position. When you restore the icon to a window, the
window will be at the same position that it was in when you minimized it. Similarly, when you
minimize it again, the icon will be placed at the last position that you moved it to.
When you have many minimized windows as icons, the display can look rather messy. To tidy up
the icons, select the [Window->Arrange Icons] menu option.
The icons will be arranged in order from the bottom left of the application window:
Figure 11.3 Icons Before Arrangement
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Figure 11.4 Icons After Arrangement
11.1.3 Tiling Windows
After some heavy debugging you may find that you have many windows open on the screen. You
can arrange all the windows in a tile format with none of them overlapping each other using the
Tile function. To invoke this select the [Window->Tile] menu option.
All currently open windows are arranged in a tile format. Windows that are minimized to icons are
not affected.
11.1.4 Cascading Windows
Open windows can also be arranged in a cascading format with only their left and top border
visible under the window in front of them. To invoke this select the [Window->Cascade] menu
option. All currently open windows are arranged in a cascading format. Windows that are
minimized to icons are not affected.
11.2
Locating Currently Open Windows
When you have many windows open in the HDI application window it is quite easy to lose one of
them behind the others. There are two methods that you can use to find the lost window:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 81 of 152
11.2.1 Locating the Next Window
To bring the next window in the window list to the front of the display, select [Next] from the
window menu, or press CTRL+F6. Repeating this operation will cycle selection of all windows
(open and minimized).
11.2.2 Locating a Specific Window
To select a specific window, invoke the [Window] menu. Click on the window that you wish to
select from the list of windows (open and minimized) at the bottom of the menu. The currently
selected window has a check mark next to it in the window list. In the following example, the
Code window is the currently selected window:
Figure 11.5 Selecting a Window
The window that you select (the Trace window in the above example) will be brought to the front
of the display. If it is minimized the icon is restored to a window.
11.3
Enabling/Disabling the Status Bar
You can select whether or not the Status bar is displayed at the bottom of the HDI application
window; by default it will be displayed. To disable display of the Status bar, select the [View-
>Status Bar] menu option.
The Status bar will be disabled and removed from the HDI application window display. To re-
enable the Status bar display, select the [View->Status Bar] menu option again. The Status bar
will be enabled and added to the HDI application window display.
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11.4
Enabling/Disabling the Toolbar
You can select whether or not the Toolbar is displayed at the top of the HDI application window;
by default it will be displayed. To disable display of the Toolbar, select the [View->Toolbar]
menu option.
The Toolbar will be disabled and removed from the HDI application window display. To re-enable
the Toolbar display, select the [View->Toolbar] menu option again. The Toolbar will be enabled
and added to the HDI application window display.
11.5
Customizing the Toolbar
You can customize the selection and arrangement of buttons displayed on the toolbar. To change
the display invoke the [Setup->Customise->Toolbar] menu option.
The Customise Toolbar dialog box appears:
Button
categories
Button
operations
Add button
to toolbar
Button order
control
Description
of button’s
operation
Button arrangement list
Figure 11.6 Customise Toolbar Dialog Box
11.5.1 Button Categories
At the top left of the dialog box is a list of button categories, which are; File, Edit, View, Run,
Setup, Tools, Window, and Help. For each category a list of possible button controlled operations
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is listed below the category. Click on a button operation option in the list and you will see a
description of the button’s operation in the Button Description field.
11.5.2 Adding a Button to the Toolbar
To add a button to the toolbar:
1. Select the button category from the button category list.
2. Select the button item from the operation list.
3. Click the add [>>] button.
The button is added to the list. If an existing button item is selected in the Selected Buttons list, the
new button is added after the selected button in the list. If no button is selected the new button is
added to the bottom of the list.
11.5.3 Positioning a Button in the Toolbar
To move a button position in the toolbar order:
1. Select the button to move in the Selected Button list.
2. Click the button order controls to move the button; [Up], [Down], [Top], [Bottom] of the
list.
You can add a separator in the list to separate blocks of buttons by clicking on the [Sep. Before]
or [Sep. After] buttons.
11.5.4 Removing a Button from the Toolbar
To remove a button from the toolbar, select the button in the Selected Buttons list and click
[Remove]. The button is removed from the list and the list is updated.
11.6
Customizing the Fonts
You can customize the main display font for text style windows (e.g. Program and Memory
windows), or change the default font that is used when a new window is opened.
To change the display invoke the [Setup->Customise->Font] menu option. This will launch the
Font configuration dialog box:
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Figure 11.7 Font Dialog Box
The dialog box is based on the standard Windows® font selection dialog box, except that only
fixed width fonts are listed in the Font list box. The command button ‘Use as Default Font’ will
save the current font settings as the font used when opening any new windows that do not already
have their own font settings.
11.7
Saving a Session
If you have downloaded user code into the debugging platform, have the corresponding source
files displayed and a number of auxiliary windows open, then it can take some time to setup this
information the next time the program is loaded. To help with this, HDI can save the current
settings to a file.
To save the current setting, select the [File->Save Session As...] menu option. This will launch a
standard Windows® file dialog box prompting you for a file name. Two files are saved, an HDI
session file (*.hds) and a target session file (*.hdt) - the former includes the HDI interface settings,
e.g. all the open windows and their positions, while the latter includes the settings specific to the
debugging platform/user system, e.g. the name of the debugging platform and its configuration.
The session name is then displayed as the second entry in HDI’s title bar, e.g. “MANUAL”:
Figure 11.8 Session Name Display
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If you are already using a named session, it can be updated by selecting the [File->Save Session]
menu option. This will overwrite the current session files with the latest settings.
Note: The session file does not include symbol or memory information. To use modified
information again in later sessions, save the symbol and memory information in
appropriate files. For details, see section 4.2.10, Saving a Symbol File and section 5.7,
Saving an Area of Memory.
11.8
Loading a Session
To reload a saved session, select the [File->Load Session] menu option. This will launch a
standard Windows® file dialog box prompting you for an HDI session file name (*.hds) - the
associated target session file (*.hdt) will be automatically loaded at the same time.
Any currently open windows will be closed, and the connection to the debugging platform
initialized. If user code has been downloaded to the user system, then the status bar will display
the percentage done. When the download is complete, windows will be opened and refreshed to
show the latest information from the user system.
11.9
Setting HDI Options
There are a number of settings available to help you to use the HDI interface. Selecting the
[Setup->Options] menu option will launch the HDI Options dialog box:
Figure 11.9 HDI Options Dialog Box
The ‘Tab Size’ list box can be used to set the number of spaces that a tab character will be
expanded to within the views. Valid values are between 2 and 8 - the best value will be the same
as your normal editor.
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The ‘On Exit’ group of radio buttons automates saving the current session when the program is
shut down:
•
•
Automatically save session - this will save the session information in the current session file. If
there is no current session file then you will be prompted to enter an HDI session file name.
Prompt for session save - this will always ask you if you want to save the current session when
the program shuts down. If you select 'Yes', then the session information is saved in the current
session file. If there is no current session file then you will be prompted to enter a session file
name.
•
Quit without asking - this shuts down the program and does not prompt you, nor save the
current session information.
Check the ‘Load last session on startup’ check box if you want to automatically load the last saved
session the next time the program is started.
11.10 Setting the Default Radix
HDI can display numbers in several formats. Normally you would fill in information fields by
using one of the prefixes described in section 2.2.2, Data Formats. To improve usability, you can
select one of these formats as the default, i.e. you will not need to enter the corresponding prefix to
use that radix.
To change the default radix, use the [Setup->Radix] menu option. This will display a list of
possible numbering systems with a check mark to the left of the current radix:
Figure 11.10 Setting Radix
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Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 88 of 152
Section 12 Menus
This document uses the standard Microsoft® menu naming convention:
Check mark
Menu bar
Menu title
Drop-down
menu
Menu option
Ellipsis
Cascading menu
Figure 12.1 Menus
Check marks indicate that the feature provided by the menu option is selected.
Ellipsis indicate that selecting the menu option will open a dialog box that requires extra
information to be entered.
Refer to your Windows® user manual for details on how to use the Windows® menu system.
12.1
File
The File menu is used for aspects of the program that access data files.
12.1.1 Load Program...
Launches the Load Object File dialog box, allowing the user to select an object file in
either S-record (*.mot; *.s20; and *.obj extensions), SYSROF (*.abs extension), or ELF/DWARF
(*.abs extension) format and download it to the debugging platform's memory. This will also load
the symbols if they are available in the selected file.
12.1.2 Save Memory...
Launches the Save S-Record File dialog box, allowing the user to select a start and an
end address in the memory area, to save to an S-record format file on disk. If a block of memory is
highlighted in a Memory window, these will be automatically entered as the start and end
addresses when the dialog box is displayed.
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12.1.3 Verify Memory...
Launches the Verify S-Record File with Memory dialog box, allowing the user to select a
start and an end address in the memory area to check against the contents of an S-record file on
disk.
12.1.4 Save Session
Updates the session file for the current session file. If there is no current session file
defined, this acts in a similar manner to the Save Session As... menu option.
12.1.5 Load Session...
Launches the Open dialog box allowing the user to load a session from a selected session
file (*.hds extension). A session file contains the details of the current debugging platform, the
debugging platform's settings, and the current program and the position of open child windows
(views) - it contains symbols, breakpoints, or current register values.
12.1.6 Save Session As...
Launches the Save As dialog box allowing the user to save the current session details under a new
file name. A session file contains the details of the current debugging platform, the debugging
platform’s settings, and the current program and the position of open child windows (views) - it
contains symbols, breakpoints, or current register values.
12.1.7 Initialise
This will attempt to re-initialize the debugging system. It will close down any open child
windows and shut down the link to the debugging platform. If this is successful, an attempt to re-
establish the link to the debugging platform will be made. The message ‘Link up’ will appear in
the left-most box of the status bar if this is successful. (See also section 12.4.11, Reset CPU)
12.1.8 Exit
This will close down the HDI. The actions that are carried out by the HDI can be defined by the
user in the ‘On Exit’ section of the HDI Options dialog box. (See also section 12.5.1, Options...)
12.2
Edit
The Edit menu is used for aspects of the program that access or modify data in the child windows
and debugging platform.
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12.2.1 Cut
Only available if a block is highlighted in a child window who’s contents can be
modified (shown disabled).
This will remove the contents of the highlighted block from the window and place it on the
clipboard in the standard Windows® manner.
12.2.2 Copy
Only available if a block is highlighted in a child window (shown disabled).
This will copy the contents of the highlighted block to the clipboard in the standard Windows®
manner.
12.2.3 Paste
Only available if the contents of the child window can be modified (shown disabled).
This will copy the contents of the Windows® clipboard into the child window at the current cursor
position.
12.2.4 Find
Only available if the window contains text (shown disabled).
This will launch the Find dialog box allowing the user to enter a word and locate occurrences
within the text. If a match is found, the cursor will move to the start of the word.
12.2.5 Set Line
Only available in the Program window source format. Launches the Set Line dialog box allowing
the user to enter an integer (i.e. a line number of the source program) - the view will then scroll to
display this line at the top of the window.
12.2.6 Fill Memory...
Launches the Fill Memory dialog box allowing the user to fill a block of the debugging
platform's memory with a value.
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12.2.7 Move Memory...
Launches the Move Memory dialog box allowing the user to copy a block of the
debugging platform's memory to an address within the same memory area. The blocks may
overlap, in which case any data within the overlapped region of the source block will be
overwritten.
12.2.8 Test Memory...
Launches the Test Memory dialog box allowing the user to specify a block of memory to
test for correct read/write operation. The exact test is target dependent. However, in all cases the
current contents of the memory will be overwritten - YOUR PROGRAM OR DATA WILL BE
ERASED.
12.2.9 Update Memory
Forces a manual update of the contents of all open memory windows.
12.3
View
The View menu is used to select and open new child windows. If the menu option is grayed, then
the features provided by the window are not available with the current debugging platform.
12.3.1 Toolbar
Toggles the toolbar feature on and off. If the feature is enabled then a check mark will be
displayed to the left of the menu text.
12.3.2 Status Bar
Toggles the status bar feature on and off. If the feature is enabled then a check mark will be
displayed to the left of the menu text.
12.3.3 Breakpoint Window
Opens the Breakpoints window allowing the user to view and edit current breakpoints.
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12.3.4 Command Line Window
Opens the Command Line window allowing the user to enter text based commands to
control the debugging platform. These commands can be piped in from a batch file, and the results
piped out to a log file, allowing automatic tests to be performed.
12.3.5 I/O Register Window
Opens the I/O Registers window allowing the user to control the user system's on-chip
input/output functionality, e.g. an interrupt controller.
12.3.6 Local Variable Window
Opens the Locals window allowing the user to view and edit the values of the variables
defined in the current function. The contents are blank unless the PC is within a C/C++ source-
level function.
12.3.7 Memory Mapping Window
Opens the Memory Mapping window allowing the user to view and (if supported) edit
the debugging platform’s current memory map. In some debugging platforms, the Memory Map
dialog box will open.
12.3.8 Memory Window...
Launches the Open Memory Window dialog box allowing the user to specify a memory
block and view format to display within a Memory window.
12.3.9 Performance Analysis Window
Launches the Performance Analysis window allowing the user to set up and view the
number of times that particular sections of the user code have been called.
12.3.10 Program Window...
Launches the Open dialog box allowing the user to enter a file name of the program (in
either C/C++ or assembly-language format) to view. If the source file is not included within the
current program or there is no debugging information for the file within the 'absolute' (*.abs) file,
then the message "Cannot load program. No Source level debugging available" is displayed. To
view a file in these circumstances use the [View->Text Window] menu option.
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12.3.11 Register Window
Opens the Registers window allowing the user to view all the current CPU registers and
their contents.
12.3.12 Status Window
Opens the System Status window allowing the user to view the debugging platform's
current status and the current session and program names.
12.3.13 Text Window...
Launches the Open dialog box allowing the user to enter the name of a text file that you
wish to view.
12.3.14 Trace Window
Opens the Trace window allowing the user to see the current trace information.
12.3.15 Watch Window
Opens the Watch window allowing the user to enter C/C++-source level variables and
view and modify their contents.
12.4
Run
The Run menu controls the execution of the user code in the debugging platform.
12.4.1 Go
Starts executing the user code at the current PC.
12.4.2 Go Reset
Resets the user system hardware and sets the PC to the Reset Vector address before
executing the user code.
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12.4.3 Go To Cursor
Starts executing the user code at the current PC and continues until the PC equals the
address indicated by the current text cursor (not mouse cursor) position.
12.4.4 Run...
Launches the Run Program dialog box allowing the user to enter temp-orary breakpoints before
executing the user code.
12.4.5 Step In
Executes a block of user code before breaking. The size of this block is normally a single
instruction but may be set by the user to more than one instruction or a C/C++-source line (see
also section 12.4.8, Step...). If a subroutine call is reached, then the subroutine will be entered and
the view is updated to include its code.
12.4.6 Step Over
Executes a block of user code before breaking. The size of this block is normally a single
instruction but can be set by the user to more than one instruction or a C/C++-source line (see also
section 12.4.8, Step...). If a subroutine call is reached, then the subroutine will not be entered and
sufficient user code will be executed to set the current PC position to the next line in the current
view.
12.4.7 Step Out
Executes sufficient user code to reach the end of the current function and set the PC to
the next line in the calling function before breaking.
12.4.8 Step...
Launches the Step Program dialog box allowing the user to modify the settings for stepping.
12.4.9 Halt Program
Stops the execution of the user code and returns control to the user.
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12.4.10 Set PC to Cursor
Sets the PC to the address indicated by the current text cursor (not mouse cursor).
12.4.11 Reset CPU
Resets the user system hardware and sets the PC to the Reset Vector address. (See also
section 12.1.7, Initialise)
12.5
Setup
The Setup menu is used to modify the settings of the HDI user interface, and the configuration of
the debugging platform.
12.5.1 Options...
Launches the HDI Options dialog box allowing the user to modify the settings that are specific to
the HDI (not debugging platform dependent settings).
12.5.2 Radix
Cascades a menu displaying a list of radix in which the numeric values will be
displayed and entered by default (without entering the radix prefix). The current radix has a check
mark to its left and the associated toolbar button is locked down.
For example, if the current radix is decimal then the number ten will be displayed as “10” and
may be entered as “10”, “H'A”, “0x0a”, etc.; if the current radix is hexadecimal then the number
ten will be displayed as “0A” and entered as “A”, “D'10”, etc.
12.5.3 Customise
Cascades a menu displaying a list of options that can be customized by the user.
Toolbar launches the Customise Toolbar dialog box.
Font launches the Font dialog box, allowing a fixed width font to be selected.
12.5.4 Select Platform...
Launches the Select Platform dialog box allowing the user to select a new debugging platform.
The item is grayed if only one target DLL is present in the same directory as the HDI program file
(and that debugging platform will be selected automatically when HDI is loaded).
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12.5.5 Configure Platform...
Launches a set-up dialog box specific to the selected debugging platform. Refer to the
debugging platform's user manual for more detail about the options available in the dialog box.
12.5.6 Overlay...
Launches the Overlay dialog box. When the overlay function is used, the target section group can
be selected in the dialog box.
12.6
Tools
The Tools menu selects and launches additional applications. The following three menu options
are always displayed, and the user may define their own tools (e.g. a find in file utility) which will
be displayed below the standard items.
12.6.1 Symbols...
Launches the Symbols dialog box allowing the user to manipulate the current program's
symbols (labels).
12.6.2 Evaluate...
Launches the Evaluate dialog box allowing the user to enter a numeric expression, e.g.
“(#pc + 205)*2”, and display the result in all currently supported radix.
12.7
Window
The Window menu modifies the display of currently open child windows. The following menu
options are always displayed, and a numbered list of current child windows will be appended - the
topmost child window will have a check mark.
12.7.1 Cascade
Arranges the child windows in the standard cascade manner, i.e. from the top left such
that the title bar of each child window is visible.
12.7.2 Tile
Arranges the child windows in the standard tile manner, i.e. sizes each window such that
all are displayed without overlapping.
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12.7.3 Arrange Icons
Lines up any iconized windows neatly along the bottom of the parent frame in the
standard manner.
12.7.4 Close All
Closes all the child windows.
12.8
Help
The Help menu accesses additional information on how to use the functionality provided by HDI.
12.8.1 Index
Opens the main help file at the index.
12.8.2 Using Help
Opens a help file allowing the user to find out how to use Windows® hypertext help system.
12.8.3 Search for Help on
Opens the main help file and launches the Search dialog box allowing the user to enter and browse
through the file’s keywords.
12.8.4 About HDI
Launches the About HDI dialog box allowing the user to view the version of HDI and the
currently loaded DLLs.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 98 of 152
Section 13 Windows
This section describes each child window type, the features that each window supports and the
options available through their associated pop-up menu.
13.1
Breakpoints
Figure 13.1 Breakpoints Window
Allows the user to view and control current breakpoints and to view the hardware breakpoint
resources. For more information regarding supported breakpoint types and resources, refer to the
Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
The functionality of the command buttons is identical to the pop-up menu options shown below;
while global enabling of breakpoints is only available using the check box in the window.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window.
13.1.1 Help
Launches the help file at the index for controlling breakpoints.
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13.1.2 Add
Launches the Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box allowing the user to enter a new breakpoint.
The dialog box is dependent on the debugging platform.
13.1.3 Edit
Only enabled if a breakpoint is selected. Launches the Breakpoint/Event Properties dialog box
allowing the user to modify the properties of an existing breakpoint. The dialog box is dependent
on the debugging platform.
13.1.4 Delete
Only enabled if a breakpoint is selected. Removes the selected breakpoint. To retain the details of
the breakpoint but not have it cause a break when its conditions are met, use the Disable option
(see section 13.1.6, Disable/Enable).
13.1.5 Delete All
Removes all breakpoints from the list.
13.1.6 Disable/Enable
Only enabled if a breakpoint is selected. Toggles the selected breakpoint between enabled and
disabled (when disabled, a breakpoint remains in the list, but does not cause a break when the
specified conditions are satisfied). When a breakpoint is enabled, a check mark is shown to the left
of the menu text (and an ‘x’ is shown in the Enable column for the breakpoint).
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13.2
Command Line
Figure 13.2 Command Line Window
Allows the user to control the debugging platform by sending text-based commands instead of the
window menus and commands. It is useful if a series of predefined commands need to be sent to
the debugging platform by calling them from a batch file and, optionally, recording the output in a
log file. For information about the available commands, refer to the on-line help.
The functionality of the command buttons is identical to the pop-up menu options shown below.
13.2.1 Stop
Stops an executing batch file and returns control to the user.
13.2.2 Batch File
Launches the Run Batch File dialog box, allowing the user to enter the name of an HDI command
file (*.hdc).
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13.2.3 Log File
Launches the Open Log File dialog box, allowing the user to enter the name of an HDI log file
(*.log). The logging option is automatically set and the name of the file shown on the window, e.g.
“
Logging to MANUAL.LOG”.
Opening a previous log file will ask the user if they wish to append or over-write the current log.
13.2.4 Logging
Toggles logging to file on and off. When logging is active, a check mark is shown to the left of the
menu text (and the check box in the window is set). Note that the contents of the log file cannot be
viewed until logging is completed, or temporarily disabled by clearing the check box. Re-enabling
logging will append to the log file.
13.3
I/O Registers
Figure 13.3 I/O Registers Window
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Allows the user to view and control the user system hardware's on-chip peripherals. The
peripherals are organized by modules, and the level of displayed detail can be changed with a plus
indicating that the information may be expanded by double-clicking on the variable name, and a
minus indicating that the information may be collapsed.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.3.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.3.2 Edit...
Launches a dialog box to modify the selected register’s contents.
13.3.3 Expand/Collapse
Expands/collapses the selected module.
13.3.4 Help
Launches the help file.
13.4
Locals
Figure 13.4 Locals Window
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Allows the user to view and modify the values of all the local variables. The contents of this
window are blank unless the current PC can be associated to a C/C++-source file via the
debugging information available in the absolute file (*.abs).
The variables are listed with a plus indicating that the information may be expanded by double-
clicking on the variable name, and a minus indicating that the information may be collapsed. For
more information on the display of information, refer to section 8.2.2, Expanding a Watch.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.4.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.4.2 Edit Value
Launches a dialog box to modify the selected variable’s value.
13.4.3 Radix
Changes the radix for the selected local variable display.
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13.5
Memory Mapping
Figure 13.5 Memory Mapping Window
Allows the user to view and modify the debugging platform's memory map and to view its
memory configuration and resources. In some debugging platforms, the Memory Map dialog box
will open.
The functionality of the command buttons is basically the same as the pop-up menu options shown
below, but the pop-up menu options depend on the debugging platform.
13.5.1 Add
Launches the Edit Memory Mapping dialog box allowing the user to enter the details of a new
memory area to add to the map. Grayed if the debugging platform does not support editing of its
maps.
13.5.2 Change
Launches the Edit Memory Mapping dialog box allowing the user to modify the details of the
currently selected memory map. Grayed if the debugging platform does not support editing of its
maps.
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13.5.3 Reset
Returns the map information to the debugging platform's default values. Grayed if the debugging
platform does not support editing of its maps.
13.5.4 Help
Launches the help file.
13.6
Memory
Figure 13.6 Memory Window
Allows the user to view and modify the contents of the debugging platform's memory. Memory
may be viewed in ASCII, byte, word, long word, single-precision floating-point, and double-
precision floating-point formats, and the title bar indicates the current view style and the address
shown as the offset from the previous label (symbol).
The contents of memory may be edited by either typing at the current cursor position, or by
double-clicking on a data item. The latter will launch the Edit dialog box, allowing the user to
enter a new value using an complex expression. If the data at that address cannot be modified (i.e.
within ROM) then the message "Invalid address value" is displayed.
Double-clicking within the Address column will launch the Set Address dialog box, allowing the
user to enter an address. Clicking the [OK] button will update the window so that the address
entered in the Set Address dialog box is the first address displayed in the top-left corner.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 106 of 152
13.6.1 Copy
Only available if a block of memory is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text
including the address into the Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.6.2 Find
Launches the Find Memory dialog box, allowing the user to search a block of the debugging
platform’s memory for a specified data value. If a block of memory is highlighted, the start and
end fields in the dialog box will be filled automatically with the start and end addresses
corresponding to the highlighted block, respectively.
13.6.3 Fill
Launches the Fill Memory dialog box, allowing the user to fill a block of the debugging platform’s
memory with a specified value. The start and end fields may be set similarly to the Find option.
13.6.4 Move
Launches the Move Memory dialog box, allowing the user to copy a block of memory within the
debugging platform to another location within the same memory space. The blocks may overlap.
The start and end fields may be set similarly to the Find option.
13.6.5 Test
Launches the Test Memory dialog box, allowing the user to validate a block of memory within the
debugging platform. The details of the test depend on the debugging platform. The start and end
fields may be set similarly to the Find option.
13.6.6 Save
Launches the Save S-Record File dialog box, allowing the user to save a block of the debugging
platform’s memory to an S-record file (*.mot). The start and end fields may be set similarly to the
Find option.
13.6.7 Set Address
Launches the Set Address dialog box, allowing the user to enter a new start address. The window
will be updated so that this is the first address displayed in the top-left corner. When an
overloaded function or a class name is entered, the Select Function dialog box appears for you to
select a function.
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13.6.8 ASCII/Byte/Word/Long/Single Float/Double Float
A check mark next to these six options indicates the current view format. The user may select a
different option to change to that format.
13.7
Performance Analysis
Figure 13.7 Performance Analysis Window
Allows the user to view and control the performance analysis data. The items displayed as default
cannot be deleted or modified by the user. The display contents and operation depend on the
debugging platform. See the supplied Debugging Platform User’s Manual for more information.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the view
area:
13.7.1 Add Range
Launches the Add PA Range dialog box, allowing the user to add a new user range based on either
source lines or an address range. The name of the range can be edited.
13.7.2 Edit Range
Only enabled when the highlighting bar is on a user-defined range. Launches the Edit PA Range
dialog box, allowing the user to modify the range’s settings.
13.7.3 Delete Range
Only enabled when the highlighting bar is on a user-defined range. Deletes the range and
immediately recalculates the data for the other ranges.
13.7.4 Reset Counts/Times
Clears the current performance analysis data.
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13.7.5 Delete All Ranges
Deletes all the current user-defined ranges, and clears the perform-ance analysis data.
13.7.6 Analysis Enabled
Toggles the collection of performance analysis data. When performance analysis is active, a check
mark is shown to the left of the text.
13.8
Program
The format of this window can be set to one of three different formats - source, mixed, and
assembly-language.
•
•
The source format can be used to view any source file that was included within the absolute
(*.abs) file’s debug information - this may be C/C++, assembly-language, etc.
The mixed format has a similar layout to the source format, but also displays the instructions
associated with each line of code. This is useful when stepping through a program at assembly
level.
•
The assembly-language format has a different layout to the other two, with an additional
column Label which displays the symbol name (if available) for that address. Assembler
information is obtained by disassembling the memory contents, and may be edited or viewed
directly from memory without requiring debug information from the object file. (If there is no
associated source file, the window’s title is “Code”.)
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Figure 13.8 Source Format
Figure 13.9 Assembly-Language Format
All formats support column-specific double-click actions:
•
Address - Launches the Set Address dialog box, allowing the user to enter a new address. If the
address is within the range of this file, then the view will scroll such that the cursor can be
positioned correctly. If the address is in a different source file, then that file will be opened in a
new window with the cursor set to the specified address. Finally, if the address does not
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correspond to a source file, then a new window will be opened in assembly-language format
and entitled ‘Code’. When an overloaded function or a class name is entered, the Select
Function dialog box appears for you to select a function.
•
•
Break - Sets/clears a program (PC) breakpoint at that address.
Code - (Assembly-language format only.) Launches the Assembler dialog box allowing the
user to modify the instruction at that address. Note that changes to the machine code do not
modify the source file, and any changes will be lost at the end of the session.
•
•
Label - (Assembly-language format only.) Launches the Label dialog box, allowing the user to
enter a new label, or to clear or edit the name of an existing label.
Assembler - (Assembly-language format only.) Launches the Assembler dialog box allowing
the user to modify the instruction at that address. Note that changes to the instruction do not
modify the source file, and any changes will be lost at the end of the session.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.8.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.8.2 Find
Launches the Find dialog box, allowing the user to search the source file for a string. It is
only available in the source view format.
13.8.3 Set Line
Launches the Set Line dialog box, allowing the user to display and move the text cursor (not the
mouse cursor) to a specific line. It is only available in the pure source view format.
13.8.4 Go To Cursor
Commences to execute the user code starting from the current PC address. The program
will continue to run until the PC reaches the address indicated by the text cursor (not the mouse
cursor) or another break condition is satisfied. Grayed if not supported by the debugging platform.
13.8.5 Set PC Here
Changes the value of the PC to the address indicated by the text cursor (not the mouse cursor).
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13.8.6 Toggle Breakpoint
Sets/clears a software breakpoint at the address indicated by the text cursor (not the mouse cursor).
This is equivalent to double-clicking within the Break column. (Additional break point types may
be available depending on the selected debugging platform - in this case, the list will be cycled
through.)
13.8.7 Instant Watch
Only available in the source and mixed formats. Launches the Instant Watch dialog box with the
name extracted from the view at the current text cursor (not mouse cursor) position.
13.8.8 Add Watch
Only available in the source and mixed formats. Adds the name extracted from the view at the
current text cursor (not mouse cursor) position to the list of watched variables. If the Watch
window is not open, then it is opened and brought to the top of the child windows.
13.8.9 Source/Mixed/Assembler
A check mark next to these options indicates the current view format. The user may select a
different option to change to that format.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 112 of 152
13.9
Registers
Figure 13.10 Registers Window
Allows the user to view and modify the current register values.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.9.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.9.2 Edit
Launches the Register dialog box, allowing the user to set the value of the register indicated by the
text cursor (not mouse cursor).
13.9.3 Toggle Bit
Only available if the text cursor is placed on a bit-field, e.g. a flag within a status register. Changes
the current state of the bit to its other state, e.g. a set overflow flag can be cleared.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 113 of 152
13.10 System Status
Figure 13.11 System Status Window
Allows the user to view the current status of the debugging platform. The text consists of two
sections - a standard section (from Emulator to Cause of last break) and a debugging platform
dependent section. See the supplied Debugging Platform User’s Manual for more information
about the latter section.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.10.1 Update
Updates the displayed data.
13.10.2 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 114 of 152
13.10.3 Configure...
Launches a setup dialog box specific to the selected debugging platform. Refer to the
supplied Debugging Platform User’s Manual for more detail about the options available in the
dialog box.
13.11 Text
Figure 13.12 Text Window
Allows the user to view a text file, e.g. a log file or source code without debugging information
available. The window is read-only.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the window:
13.11.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 115 of 152
13.11.2 Find
Launches the Find dialog box, allowing the user to search the text file for a string.
13.12 Trace
Figure 13.13 Trace Window
Allows the user to view the sequence of instructions leading up to the debugging platform’s
current status.
The functionality of the command buttons is identical to the pop-up menu options shown below.
13.12.1 Find
Launches the Trace Search dialog box, allowing the user to search the current trace buffer for a
specific trace record.
13.12.2 Find Next
If a find operation is successful, and the item found is non-unique, then this will move to the next
similar item.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 116 of 152
13.12.3 Filter
Launches the Filter Trace dialog box, allowing the user to mask out all unnecessary trace entries.
13.12.4 Acquisition
Launches the Trace Acquisition dialog box, allowing the user to define the area of user code to be
traced. This is useful to focus tracing on problem areas.
13.12.5 Halt
Stops tracing data and updates the trace information without stopping execution of the user code.
13.12.6 Restart
Starts tracing data.
13.12.7 Snapshot
Updates the trace information to show the debugging platform’s current status without stopping
user code execution.
13.12.8 Clear
Empties the trace buffer in the debugging platform. If more than one trace window is open, all
trace windows will be cleared as they all access the same buffer.
13.12.9 Save
Launches the Save As file dialog box, allowing the user to save the contents of the trace buffer as
a text file. It is possible to define a numeric range based on the Cycle number or to save the
complete buffer (saving the complete buffer may take several minutes). Note that this file cannot
be reloaded into the trace buffer.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 117 of 152
13.13 Watch
Figure 13.14 Watch Window
Allows the user to view and modify C/C++-source level variables. The contents of this window
are blank unless the current user code can be associated to a C/C++-source file via the debugging
information available in the absolute file (*.abs).
The variables are listed with a plus indicating that the information may be expanded by double-
clicking on the variable name, and a minus indicating that the information may be collapsed.
A pop-up menu containing the following options is available by right-clicking within the
windows:
13.13.1 Copy
Only available if a block of text is highlighted. This copies the highlighted text into the
Windows® clipboard, allowing it to be pasted into other applications.
13.13.2 Delete Watch
Removes the variable indicated by the text cursor (not the mouse cursor) from the Watch window.
13.13.3 Add Watch
Launches the Add Watch dialog box, allowing the user to enter a variable or expression to be
watched.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 118 of 152
13.13.4 Edit Value
Launches the Edit Watch dialog box, allowing the user to change the variable’s value. Particular
care should be taken when the value of a pointer is changed as it may no longer point to valid data.
13.13.5 Radix
Modifies the radix for the selected watch item display.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 119 of 152
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 120 of 152
Appendix A System Modules
The following section describes the architecture of the HDI debugging system.
HDI
graphical
user
interface
Object
DLL
Debugging
platform
CPU
DLL
Target
DLL
IO file
Monitor
Emulator
Simulator
User
system
hardware
User code
(object file)
Figure A.1 HDI System Modules
In normal operation, the user code will be placed directly into the target hardware (for example as
an EPROM). HDI uses this information to provide a Windows®-based debugging system.
To decrease the learning curve when swapping between different debugging platforms and/or user
system hardware, HDI provides a single unified interface (the GUI) and a family of target specific
modules. Normally, the user will only interact with the standard GUI - once the appropriate target
module has been selected, the rest of the system configures itself automatically by loading the
appropriate modules.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 121 of 152
Graphical User Interface
This is the main HDI.EXE program that runs under Windows®. It uses familiar Windows®
operations, with menus and windows to give a user-friendly view into the debugging system. The
GUI is the only contact between the user and the rest of the system, it processes commands and
provides the required information about the user code. It also provides the interface between the
module DLLs and the host file system, i.e., the PC.
Object DLL
When creating the user code, a compiler will generate an absolute object file. This file contains the
actual machine code and data that the microcomputer processes to execute the functions making
up the target application. In order to debug the user code as original source code, the compiler
must provide more information to the debugger. For this reason, nearly all compilers have a debug
option that puts all the information necessary for debugging your source code into the absolute
file, which is usually called a debug object file.
The object DLL extracts this information from the object file for display to the user. Since the
format of data is compiler dependent, more than one object DLL may be present in the HDI
directory - HDI will try each in turn until it finds one that can understand the object file’s format.
CPU DLL
The CPU DLL module contains information specific to the target microcomputer. For example, it
contains the number and types of registers available to the microcomputer. It also translates the
raw machine code in the target into more familiar assembly-language mnemonics displayed in the
Program window, and vice versa.
Target DLL
The target DLL informs HDI about the debugging platform’s capabilities and selects the correct
CPU DLL. Since some capabilities of the debugging platform cannot be generic (for example,
target configuration), the target DLL also includes extensions to the standard GUI to provide the
user with access to these capabilities.
For a detailed description of the features available using your target DLL, refer to the supplied
Debugging Platform User’s Manual.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 122 of 152
Appendix B Command Line Interface
HDI Built-In Commands
The following is a list of the standard HDI built in commands.
!(COMMENT)
Abbreviation: none
Description:
Allows a comment to be entered, useful for documenting batch & log files.
Syntax:
! <text>
Parameter
Type
Description
<text>
Text
Output text
Example:
! Start of test routine
Outputs comment ‘Start of test routine’ into the Command Line
window (and to the log file, if logging is active).
ACCESS
Abbreviation: AC
Description:
Sets or displays the illegal access handling.
Syntax:
access [<state>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays the current setting
Action to be taken on illegal access
Break emulation (default setting)
No action
<state>
Keyword
break
none
Illegal accesses are writes to protected areas during RUN, writes to internal ROM, or any access to
an unmapped area of memory.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 123 of 152
Example:
ACCESS break
AC
Break on guarded/write-protected access. (default setting).
Displays current illegal access handing.
AC none
Sets no action on an illegal access.
ANALYSIS
Abbreviation: AN
Description:
Enables/disables performance analysis. Counts are not automatically reset before running.
Syntax:
an [<state>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays the analysis state
Enables/disables analysis
Enables analysis
<state>
Keyword
enable
disable
reset
Disables analysis
Resets analysis counts
Example:
ANALYSIS
AN enable
AN disable
AN reset
Displays analysis state.
Enables analysis.
Disables analysis.
Resets analysis counts.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 124 of 152
ANALYSIS_RANGE
Abbreviation: AR
Description:
Sets performance analysis range, or displays performance analysis ranges if no parameters are
specified. The syntax depends on the debugging platform. See the supplied Debugging Platform
User’s Manual.
Syntax:
ar [<start> <end> [<name>]]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays all analysis ranges
Start address of range
End address of range
User range description
<start>
<end>
Numeric
Numeric
String
<name>
Example:
ANALYSIS_RANGE H’0
Defines a performance analysis range from address H'0 to H'100.
H’100
AR H’1000 H’3FFF
AR
Defines a performance analysis range from H'1000 to H'3FFF.
Displays the current analysis ranges set.
ANALYSIS_RANGE_DELETE
Abbreviation: AD
Description:
Deletes the specified performance analysis range, or all ranges if no parameters are specified (it
does not ask for confirmation).
Syntax:
ad [<index>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Deletes all analysis ranges
Index number of range to delete
<index>
Numeric
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 125 of 152
Example:
ANALYSIS_RANGE
_DELETE 6
AD
Deletes the analysis range with index number 6 from the system.
Deletes all user defined analysis ranges.
ASSEMBLE
Abbreviation: AS
Description:
Assembles instructions into memory. In assembly mode, ‘.’ exits, ‘^’ steps back a byte, the
ENTER key steps forward a byte.
Syntax:
as <address>
Parameter
Type
Description
<address>
Numeric
Address at which to start assembling
Example:
AS H'1000
Starts assembling from H'1000.
ASSERT
Abbreviation: none
Description:
Checks if an expression is true or false. It can be used to terminate the batch file when the
expression is false. If the expression is false, an error is returned. This command can be used to
write test harnesses for subroutines.
Syntax:
assert <expression>
Parameter
Type
Description
<expression>
Expression
Expression to be checked
Example:
ASSERT #R0 == 0x100
Returns an error if R0 does not contain 0x100.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 126 of 152
DISASSEMBLE
Abbreviation: DA
Description:
Disassembles memory contents to assembly-language code. Disassembly display is fully
symbolic.
Syntax:
da <address> [<length>]
Parameter
<address>
<length>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Start address
Number of instructions (optional, default = 16)
Example:
DISASSEMBLE H'100 5
DA H'3E00 20
Disassembles 5 lines of code starting at H'100.
Disassembles 20 lines of code starting at H'3E00.
ERASE
Abbreviation: ER
Description:
Clears the Command Line window
Syntax:
er
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Clears the Command Line window
Example:
ER
Clears the Command Line window.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 127 of 152
EVALUATE
Abbreviation: EV
Description:
Provides a calculator function, evaluating simple and complex expressions, with parentheses,
mixed radices, and symbols. All operators have the same precedence but parentheses may be used
to change the order of evaluation. The operators have the same meaning as in C/C++. Expressions
can also be used in any command where a number is required, but they cannot contain spaces
since these are used to separate parameters. Register names may be used, but must always be
prefixed by the ‘#’ character. The result is displayed in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, or binary.
Note: It is not possible to evaluate expressions containing C/C++ variable, structure, or array
references.
Syntax:
ev <expression>
Parameter
Type
Description
<expression>
Expression
Expression to be evaluated
Valid operators:
&& logical AND
||
logical OR
<<
left arithmetic
shift
>>
right arithmetic
shift
+
addition
modulo
-
|
subtraction
bitwise OR
logical NOT
*
multiplication
bitwise AND
equal to
/
division
%
^
&
~
!=
bitwise NOT
unequal to
bitwise exclusive !
OR
==
>
greater than
<
less than
>=
greater than or
equal to
<=
less than or equal
to
Example:
EV H'123 + (D'73 | B'10)
Result: H'16E D'366 O'556 B'00000000;00000000;00000001;
01101110
EV #R2H * #R2L
Result: H'121 D'289 O'441 B'00000000;00000000;00000001;
00100001
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 128 of 152
FILE_LOAD
Abbreviation: FL
Description:
Loads an object code file to memory with, or without, the specified offset. Existing symbols are
cleared, but the new ones will override any existing ones with the same names. If an offset is
specified this will be added to the symbols. The file extension default is .MOT.
Syntax:
fl <filename> [<offset>] [<state>]
Parameter
<filename>
<offset>
Type
String
Numeric
Keyword
V
Description
File name
Offset to be added to load address (optional, default = 0)
<state>
Verify flag (optional, default = V)
Verify
N
No verify
Example:
FILE_LOAD
Loads S-record file “testfile.a22”.
A:\\BINARY\\TESTFILE.A22
FL ANOTHER.MOT H'200
Loads Motorola S-record file “another.mot” with an offset of
H'200 bytes.
FILE_SAVE
Abbreviation: FS
Description:
Saves memory area to a file. The data is saved in Motorola S-record format. The user is warned if
about to overwrite an existing file.
The file extension default is .MOT. Symbols are not automatically saved.
Syntax:
fs <filename> <start> <end>
Parameter
<filename>
<start>
Type
Description
File name
String
Numeric
Numeric
Start address
End address
<end>
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 129 of 152
Example:
FILE_SAVE TESTFILE.MOT Saves address range H’0-H'2013 as Motorola S-record file
H'0 H'2013
“TESTFILE.MOT”.
FS D:\\USER\\ANOTHER.A22 Saves address range H'4000-H'4FFF as S-record format file
H'4000 H'4FFF
“ANOTHER.A22”.
FILE_VERIFY
Abbreviation: FV
Description:
Verifies file contents against memory. The file data must be in a Motorola S-record format. The
file extension default is .MOT.
Syntax:
fv <filename> [<offset>]
Parameter
<filename>
<offset>
Type
Description
String
File name
Numeric
Offset to be added to file address (optional, default = 0)
Example:
FILE_VERIFY
Verifies S-record file “TEST.A22” against memory.
A:\\BINARY\\TEST.A22
FV ANOTHER 200
Verifies Motorola S-record file “ANOTHER.MOT” against
memory with an offset of H'200 bytes.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 130 of 152
GO
Abbreviation: GO
Description:
Runs object code (the user program).
While the user program is running, only the Performance Analysis window is updated.
When execution stops, the register values and reason for break are displayed.
Syntax:
go [<state>] [<address>]
Parameter
Type
Description
<state>
Keyword
Specifies whether or not to continue command processing during
program execution (optional, default = wait)
wait
Causes command processing to wait until program stops
Continues command processing during execution
Start address for PC (optional, default = PC value)
continue
Numeric
<address>
Wait is the default and this causes command processing to wait until program stops running.
Continue allows you to continue to enter commands (but they may not work depending on the
facilities of the debugging platform).
Example:
GO
Runs the user program from the current PC value (does not
continue command processing).
GO CONTINUE H'1000
Runs the user program from H'1000 (continues command
processing).
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 131 of 152
GO_RESET
Abbreviation: GR
Description:
Runs the user program starting at the address specified in the reset vector.
While the user program is running, only the Performance Analysis window is updated.
Syntax:
gr [<state>]
Parameter
Type
Description
<state>
Keyword
Specifies whether or not to continue command processing during
program execution (optional, default = wait)
wait
Causes command processing to wait until program stops
Continues command processing during execution
continue
Wait is the default and this causes command processing to wait until program stops running.
Continue allows you to continue to enter commands (but they may not work depending on the
facilities of the debugging platform)
Example:
GR
Runs the user program starting at the address specified in the
reset vector (does not continue command processing).
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 132 of 152
GO_TILL
Abbreviation: GT
Description:
Runs the debugging platform program from the current PC with temporary breakpoints. This
command takes multiple addresses as parameters, and these are used to set temporary PC
breakpoints (these breakpoints only exist for the duration of the command).
Syntax:
gt [<state>] <address>...
Parameter
Type
Description
<state>
Keyword
Specifies whether or not to continue command processing during
program execution (optional, default = wait)
wait
Causes command processing to wait until program stops
Continues command processing during execution
Temporary breakpoint address (list)
continue
Numeric
<address>...
Wait is the default and this causes command processing to wait until program stops running
Continue allows you to continue to enter commands (but they may not work depending on the
facilities of the debugging platform)
Example:
GO_TILL H'1000
Runs emulation until the PC reaches address H'1000.
HALT
Abbreviation: HA
Description:
Halts the user program (can be used after a “go continue” command).
Syntax:
ha
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Halts the user program
Example:
HA
Halts the user program.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 133 of 152
HELP
Abbreviation: HE
Description:
Opens a window displaying the help file.
For context sensitive help, the F1 key should be pressed. Help on a particular command can be
retrieved by entering HELP or HE followed by the command name at the command line.
Syntax:
he [<command>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays the contents of the help
Displays the help for the specified command
<command>
String
Example:
HE
HE GO
Displays the contents of the help.
Displays help for the GO command.
INITIALISE
Abbreviation: IN
Description:
Initializes HDI (including debugging platform) and the user system (as if you had reselected the
target DLL). All breakpoints, memory mapping, etc. are reset.
Syntax:
in
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Initialized HDI
Example:
IN
Initializes HDI.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 134 of 152
INTERRUPTS
Abbreviation: IR
Description:
Enables or disables interrupts or sets the interrupt priority level of the CPU. This command
operates by changing the CPU status register (SR or CCR).
Note: Some debugging platforms do not support this command.
Syntax:
ir [<state>|<level>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays the current interrupt state
Enables or disables interrupts
Enables interrupts
<state>
Keyword
enable
disable
Numeric
Disables interrupts
<level>
Sets the interrupt priority level
Example:
IR
IR ENABLE
IR DISABLE
IR 5
Displays the CPU interrupt status
Enables all interrupts
Disables all interrupts (except NMI).
Sets interrupt priority level 5.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 135 of 152
LOG
Abbreviation: LO
Description:
Controls logging of command output to file. If no parameters are specified, logging status is
displayed. If an existing file is specified, you will be warned; if you answer 'No', data will be
appended to the existing file, otherwise the file will be truncated. Logging is only supported for
the command line interface.
Syntax:
lo [<state>|<filename>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays logging status
Starts or suspends logging
Starts logging
<state>
Keyword
+
-
Suspends logging
<filename>
Numeric
Specifies the logging output file
Example:
LOG TEST
LO -
Logs the output to the list box in file TEST.
Suspends logging.
LOG +
LOG
Resumes logging.
Displays logging status
MAP_DISPLAY
Abbreviation: MA
Description:
Displays memory mapping.
Syntax:
ma
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Displays the current memory mapping
Example:
MA
Displays the current memory mapping.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 136 of 152
MEMORY_DISPLAY
Abbreviation: MD
Description:
Displays memory contents.
Syntax:
md <address> [<length>] [<mode>]
Parameter
<address>
<length>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Keyword
byte
Start address
Length (optional, default = H'100 bytes)
Display format (optional, default = byte)
Displays as bytes
<mode>
word
Displays as words (2 bytes)
Displays as long words (4 bytes)
Displays as ASCII
long
ascii
single
double
Displays as single-precision floating-point
Displays as double-precision floating-point
Example:
MEMORY_DISPLAY
H'C000 H'100 WORD
MEMORY_DISPLAY
H'1000 H'FF
Dumps H'100 bytes of memory starting at H'C000 in the word
format.
Dumps H'FF bytes of memory starting at H'1000 in the byte
format
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 137 of 152
MEMORY_EDIT
Abbreviation: ME
Description:
Allows memory contents to be modified. When editing memory the current location may be
modified in a similar way to that described in the ASSEMBLE command description.
When editing, ‘.’ exits edit mode, ‘^’ goes back a unit, and blank line goes forward without
change.
Syntax:
me <address> [<mode>] [<state>]
Parameter
<address>
<mode>
Type
Numeric
Keyword
byte
Description
Address to edit
Format (optional, default = byte)
Edits as bytes
word
Edits as words
long
Edits as long words
Edits as ASCII
ascii
single
double
Keyword
V
Edits as single-precision floating-point
Edits as double-precision floating-point
Verify flag (optional, default = V)
Verify
<state>
N
No verify
Example:
ME H'1000 WORD
Modifies memory contents as words starting from H'1000 (with
verification)
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 138 of 152
MEMORY_FILL
Abbreviation: MF
Description:
Fills an area of memory.
Syntax:
mf <start> <end> <data> [<mode>] [<state>]
Parameter
<start>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
Keyword
byte
Start address
<end>
End address
<data>
Data value
<mode>
Data size (optional, default = byte)
Byte
word
Word
long
Long word
single
double
Keyword
V
Single-precision floating-point
Double-precision floating-point
Verify flag (optional, default = V)
Verify
<state>
N
No verify
Example:
MEMORY_FILL H'C000
H'C0FF H'55AA WORD
MF H'5000 H'7FFF H'21
Fills memory from H'C000 to H'C0FF with word data H'55AA.
Fills memory from H'5000 to H'7FFF with data H'21.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 139 of 152
MEMORY_MOVE
Abbreviation: MV
Description:
Moves memory.
Syntax:
mv <start> <end> <dest> [<state>]
Parameter
<start>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Numeric
Keyword
V
Source start address
Source end address (including this address)
Destination start address
Verify flag (optional, default = V)
Verify
<end>
<dest>
<state>
N
No verify
Example:
MEMORY_MOVE H'1000
H'1FFF H'2000
MV H'FB80 H'FF7F H'3000
Copies area H'1000-H'1FFF to H'2000.
Moves area H'FB80-H'FF7F to H'3000.
MEMORY_TEST
Abbreviation: MT
Description:
A full read/write/verify test is performed on the address range specified, destroying the original
contents. The test will access the memory according to the map settings.
Syntax:
mt <start> <end>
Parameter
<start>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Start address
<end>
End address (inclusive)
Example:
MEMORY_TEST H'8000
H'BFFF
Tests from H’8000 to H'BFFF.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 140 of 152
MT H'4000 H'5000
Tests integrity from H'4000 to H'5000.
QUIT
Abbreviation: QU
Description:
Exits HDI. Closes log file if open.
Syntax:
qu
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Exits HDI
Example:
QU
Exits HDI.
RADIX
Abbreviation: RA
Description:
Sets default input radix. If no parameters are specified, the current radix is displayed. Radix can be
changed by using B'/H'/D'/O' before numeric data.
Syntax:
ra [<mode>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays current radix
Sets radix to specified type
Sets radix to hexadecimal
Sets radix to decimal
Sets radix to octal
<mode>
Keyword
H
D
O
B
Sets radix to binary
Example:
RADIX
RA H
Displays the current radix.
Sets the radix to hexadecimal.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 141 of 152
REGISTER_DISPLAY
Abbreviation: RD
Description:
Displays CPU register values.
Syntax:
rd
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Displays all register values
Example:
RD
Displays all register values.
REGISTER_SET
Abbreviation: RS
Description:
Changes the contents of a register.
Syntax:
rs <register> <value> <mode>
Parameter
<register>
<value>
Type
Description
Keyword
Numeric
Keyword
byte
Register name
Register value
<mode>
Data size (default = register size)
Byte
word
Word
long
Long word
single
double
Single-precision floating-point
Double-precision floating-point
Example:
RS PC _StartUp
Sets the program counter to the address defined by the symbol
_StartUp
RS R0 H'1234 WORD
Sets word data H'1234 to R0.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 142 of 152
RESET
Abbreviation: RE
Description:
Resets the microprocessor. All register values are set to the initial state for the device. Memory
mapping and breakpoints are not affected.
Syntax:
re
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Resets the microprocessor
Example:
RE
Resets the microprocessor.
SLEEP
Abbreviation: none
Description:
Delays command execution for a specified number of milliseconds.
Syntax:
sleep <milliseconds>
Parameter
Type
Description
< milliseconds > Numeric
Delayed time (millisecond)
Default radix (it is not always decimal) is used, if you do not specify D'.
Example:
SLEEP D'9000
Delays for 9 seconds.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 143 of 152
STEP
Abbreviation: ST
Description:
Single-step (source line or instruction) execution.
Performs a specified number of instructions, from current PC.
Default is stepping by lines if source debugging is available. Count default is 1.
Syntax:
st [<mode>] [<count>]
Parameter
Type
Description
<mode>
Keyword
instruction
line
Type of stepping (optional)
Steps by assembly instruction
Steps by source code line
Number of steps (optional, default = 1)
<count>
Numeric
Example:
STEP 9
Steps code for 9 steps.
STEP_OUT
Abbreviation: SP
Description:
Step the program out of the current function. (i.e., a step up). This works for both assembly-
language and source level debugging.
Syntax:
sp
Parameter
Type
Description
none
Steps the program out of the current function
Example:
SP
Steps the program out of the current function.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 144 of 152
STEP_OVER
Abbreviation: SO
Description:
Step-over (function call, source line or instruction) execution.
Performs a specified number of instructions, from current PC.
This command differs from STEP in that it does not perform single-step operation in subroutines
or interrupt routines. These are executed at full speed.
Syntax:
so [<mode>] [<count>]
Parameter
Type
Description
<mode>
Keyword
instruction
line
Type of stepping (optional)
Steps by assembly instruction
Step by source code line
Number of steps (optional, default = 1)
<count>
Numeric
Example:
SO
Steps over 1-step code.
STEP_RATE
Abbreviation: SR
Description:
Controls the speed of stepping in the STEP and STEP_OVER commands. A rate of 6 causes the
fastest stepping. A value of 1 is the slowest.
Syntax:
sr <rate>Sets step rate (1-6), 6 = fastest
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays the step rate
Step rate 1 to 6 (6 = fastest)
<rate>
Numeric
Example:
SR
SR 6
Displays the current step rate.
Specifies the fastest step rate.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 145 of 152
SUBMIT
Abbreviation: SU
Description:
Executes a file of commands. Nested submit files are permitted. Any error aborts the file. The
[stop] button terminates the process.
Syntax:
su <filename>
Parameter
Type
Description
<filename>
String
File name
Example:
SUBMIT COMMAND.HDC
SU A:SETUP.TXT
Processes the file COMMAND.UDC.
Processes the file SETUP.TXT on drive A:.
SYMBOL_ADD
Abbreviation: SA
Description:
Adds a symbol, or changes an existing one.
Syntax:
sa <symbol> <value>
Parameter
<symbol>
<value>
Type
Description
Symbol name
Value
String
Numeric
Example:
SYMBOL_ADD start H'1000
SA END_OF_TABLE 1000
Defines start to be H'1000.
Defines END_OF_TABLE to be 1000 using current default
radix.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 146 of 152
SYMBOL_CLEAR
Abbreviation: SC
Description:
Deletes a symbol. If no parameters are specified, deletes all symbols (after confirmation).
Syntax:
sc [<symbol>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Deletes all symbols
Symbol name
<symbol>
String
Example:
SYMBOL_CLEAR
SC start
Deletes all symbols (after confirmation).
Deletes the symbol ‘start’.
SYMBOL_LOAD
Abbreviation: SL
Description:
Loads symbols from file. File must be in XLINK Pentica-b format (i.e. ‘XXXXH name’). The
symbols are added to the existing symbol table. The symbol file extension default is .SYM.
Syntax:
sl <filename>
Parameter
Type
Description
<filename>
String
File name
Example:
SYMBOL_LOAD TEST.SYM Loads the file TEST.SYM.
SL MY_CODE.SYM Loads the file MY_CODE.SYM.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 147 of 152
SYMBOL_SAVE
Abbreviation: SS
Description:
Saves symbols to a file in XLINK Pentica-b format. The symbol file extension default is .SYM. If
the file name already exists, then a prompt to overwrite the file is displayed.
Syntax:
ss <filename>
Parameter
Type
Description
<filename>
String
File name
Example:
SYMBOL_SAVE TEST
SS MY_CODE.SYM
Saves symbol table to TEST.SYM.
Saves the symbol table to MY_CODE.SYM.
SYMBOL_VIEW
Abbreviation: SV
Description:
Displays all defined symbols, or those containing the case sensitive string pattern.
Syntax:
sv [<pattern>]
Parameter
none
Type
Description
Displays all symbols
<pattern>
String
Displays the symbols including the specified string pattern
Example:
SYMBOL_VIEW BUFFER
SV
Displays all symbols containing the word BUFFER.
Displays all the symbols.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 148 of 152
TRACE
Abbreviation: TR
Description:
Displays the trace buffer contents. If no trace delay is set, the last (most recently executed) cycle
in the buffer is 0, and older cycles have negative values. If trace delay is set, the cycle on which
the level 1 breakpoint occurred will be 0 and the most recent cycle will have the trace delay value.
Syntax:
tr [<start rec> [<count>]]
Parameter
<start rec>
<count>
Type
Description
Numeric
Numeric
Offset (optional, default = most recent cycle - 9)
Count (optional, default - 10)
Example:
TR -10 5
Displays five lines of trace buffer contents starting from cycle -
10.
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 149 of 152
Debugging Platform-Specific Commands
The following lists the debugging platform-specific commands - typically for breakpoints, tracing,
memory mapping, and configuration. Refer to the supplied Debugging Platform User’s Manual
for details.
ANALYSIS_RANGE
BREAKPOINT
BREAKPOINT_CLEAR
BREAKPOINT_DISPLAY
BREAKPOINT_ENABLE
BREAKPOINT_SEQUENCE
BREAK_ACCESS
BREAK_CLEAR
BREAK_DATA
BREAK_DISPLAY
BREAK_ENABLE
BREAK_REGISTER
BREAK_SEQUENCE
CLOCK
DEVICE_TYPE
MAP_SET
MODE
REFRESH
TEST_EMULATOR
TIMER
TRACE_ACQUISITION
TRACE_COMPARE
TRACE_SAVE
TRACE_SEARCH
USER_SIGNAL
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 150 of 152
Appendix C Command Line Summary Chart
Long name
!
Short name Description
-
Comment
ACCESS
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS_RANGE
ANALYSIS_RANGE_DELETE AD
ASSEMBLE
AC
AN
AR
Sets action on illegal access
Enables or disables performance analysis
Sets or displays performance analysis ranges
Deletes a performance analysis range
Assembles instructions into memory
Checks if an expression is true or false
Sets a breakpoint
Clears a breakpoint or all breakpoints
Displays breakpoints
Enables or disables one or all breakpoints
Defines the events which arm or reset an event
Sets a memory range access as a breakpoint
Deletes a breakpoint
Sets a memory data value as a break condition
Displays breakpoints
Enables or disables one or all breakpoints
Sets a register value as a break condition
Sets sequential breakpoints
Sets emulator CPU clock rate
Selects device type to emulate
Disassembles memory contents
Clears the Command Line window
Evaluates an expression
AS
-
ASSERT
BREAKPOINT
BREAKPOINT_CLEAR
BREAKPOINT_DISPLAY
BREAKPOINT_ENABLE
BREAKPOINT_SEQUENCE
BREAK_ACCESS
BREAK_CLEAR
BREAK_DATA
BREAK_DISPLAY
BREAK_ENABLE
BREAK_REGISTER
BREAK_SEQUENCE
CLOCK
BP
BC
BD
BE
BS
BA
BC
BD
BI
BE
BR
BS
CK
DE
DA
ER
EV
FL
FS
DEVICE_TYPE
DISASSEMBLE
ERASE
EVALUATE
FILE_LOAD
Loads an object (program) file
Saves memory to a file
FILE_SAVE
FILE_VERIFY
GO
GO_RESET
GO_TILL
HALT
FV
GO
GR
GT
HA
HE
Verifies file contents against memory
Runs program
Runs program from reset
Runs program until temporary breakpoint
Halts program
Gets help for command line or help on a
command
HELP
INITIALISE
INTERRUPTS
IN
IR
Initializes HDI and debugging platform system
Enables or disables debugging platform
system interrupts
LOG
MAP_DISPLAY
MAP_SET
LO
MA
MS
Controls command output logging
Displays memory mapping
Sets up memory mapping
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 151 of 152
Long name
Short name Description
MEMORY_DISPLAY
MEMORY_EDIT
MEMORY_FILL
MEMORY_MOVE
MEMORY_TEST
MODE
QUIT
RADIX
REFRESH
REGISTER_DISPLAY
REGISTER_SET
RESET
SLEEP
STEP
MD
ME
MF
MV
MT
MO
QU
RA
RF
RD
RS
RE
-
Displays memory contents
Modifies memory contents
Fills a memory area
Moves a block of memory
Tests a block of memory
Sets or displays CPU mode
Exits HDI
Sets default input radix
Refreshes memory-related window contents
Displays CPU register values
Changes CPU register contents
Resets CPU
Delays command execution.
Steps program (by instructions or source lines)
Steps out of the current function
Steps program, not stepping into functions
Sets rate of stepping
Executes a file of commands
Defines a symbol
Deletes a symbol or all symbols
Loads symbols from a file
Saves symbols to a file
ST
SP
STEP_OUT
STEP_OVER
STEP_RATE
SUBMIT
SYMBOL_ADD
SYMBOL_CLEAR
SYMBOL_LOAD
SYMBOL_SAVE
SYMBOL_VIEW
TEST_EMULATOR
TIMER
SO
SR
SU
SA
SC
SL
SS
SV
TE
TI
Displays symbols
Tests emulator hardware
Sets or displays the timer resolution
Displays trace buffer contents
Sets or displays trace acquisition parameters
Compares a saved trace file with the current
trace data
TRACE
TRACE ACQUISITION
TRACE_COMPARE
TR
TA
TC
TRACE_SAVE
TRACE_SEARCH
USER_SIGNALS
TV
TS
US
Saves the trace data to a file in binary format
Searches trace data
Enables or disables user signals (NMI, Reset,
etc.)
Rev. 2.0, 02/99, page 152 of 152
Hitachi Debugging Interface User’s Manual
Publication Date: 1st Edition, November 1997
2nd Edition, February 1999
Published by:
Electronic Devices Sales & Marketing Group
Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits Group
Hitachi, Ltd.
Edited by:
Technical Documentation Group
UL Media Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd., 1997. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
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