UPD78096B [ETC]
78K/0 Series Basic (III) | Application Note[10/1997] ; 78K / 0系列基础（三） |应用指南[ 10/1997 ]
| 型号： | UPD78096B |
| 厂家： | 
ETC |
| 描述： | 78K/0 Series Basic (III) | Application Note[10/1997]
|
| 文件： | 总415页 (文件大小：1326K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Application Note
78K/0 Series
8-bit Single-chip Microcontroller
Basic (III)
µPD78054 subseries
µPD78064 subseries
µPD78078 subseries
µPD78083 subseries
µPD780018 subseries
µPD780058 subseries
µPD780308 subseries
µPD78058F subseries
µPD78064B subseries
µPD78075B subseries
µPD78098B subseries
µPD78054Y subseries
µPD78064Y subseries
µPD78078Y subseries
µPD78098 subseries
µPD780018Y subseries
µPD780058Y subseries
µPD780308Y subseries
µPD78058FY subseries
µPD78070A, 78070AY
µPD78075BY subseries
Document No. U10182EJ2V0AN00 (2nd edition)
Date Published October 1997 N
1995
©
Printed in Japan
[MEMO]
NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES
1
PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD FOR SEMICONDUCTORS
Note:
Strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and
ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity
as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it once, when it has occurred. Environmental control
must be adequate. When it is dry, humidifier should be used. It is recommended to avoid using
insulators that easily build static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and transported
in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and measurement
tools including work bench and floor should be grounded. The operator should be grounded using
wrist strap. Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions need
to be taken for PW boards with semiconductor devices on it.
2
HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS FOR CMOS
Note:
No connection for CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If no connection is provided
to the input pins, it is possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., hence
causing malfunction. CMOS devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input levels
of CMOS devices must be fixed high or low by using a pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each unused
pin should be connected to VDD or GND with a resistor, if it is considered to have a possibility of
being an output pin. All handling related to the unused pins must be judged device by device and
related specifications governing the devices.
3
STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION OF MOS DEVICES
Note:
Power-on does not necessarily define initial status of MOS device. Production process of MOS
does not define the initial operation status of the device. Immediately after the power source is
turned ON, the devices with reset function have not yet been initialized. Hence, power-on does
not guarantee out-pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. Device is not initialized until the
reset signal is received. Reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices
having reset function.
FIP, EEPROM, and IEBus are trademarks of NEC Corporation.
Purchase of NEC I2C components conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these
components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined
by Philips.
The export of these products from Japan is regulated by the Japanese government. The export of some or all of these
products may be prohibited without governmental license. To export or re-export some or all of these products from a
country other than Japan may also be prohibited without a license from that country. Please call an NEC sales
representative.
The application circuits and their parameters are for reference only and are not intended for use in actual design-ins.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written
consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in
this document.
NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property
rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use
of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other
intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others.
While NEC Corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices,
the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or
property arising from a defect in an NEC semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety
measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features.
NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades:
"Standard", "Special", and "Specific". The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a
customer designated “quality assurance program“ for a specific application. The recommended applications of
a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each device
before using it in a particular application.
Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment,
audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic
equipment and industrial robots
Special: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster
systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed
for life support)
Specific: Aircrafts, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life
support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc.
The quality grade of NEC devices is "Standard" unless otherwise specified in NEC's Data Sheets or Data Books.
If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade,
they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance.
Anti-radioactive design is not implemented in this product.
M7 96.5
Regional Information
Some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. Before using any NEC
product in your application, please contact the NEC office in your country to obtain a list of authorized
representatives and distributors. They will verify:
• Device availability
• Ordering information
• Product release schedule
• Availability of related technical literature
• Development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and
components, host computers, power plugs, AC supply voltages, and so forth)
• Network requirements
In addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary
from country to country.
NEC Electronics Inc. (U.S.)
Santa Clara, California
Tel: 800-366-9782
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Hong Kong
Tel: 2886-9318
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Benelux Office
Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Tel: 040-2445845
Fax: 800-729-9288
Fax: 2886-9022/9044
Fax: 040-2444580
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Duesseldorf, Germany
Tel: 0211-65 03 02
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Seoul Branch
Seoul, Korea
NEC Electronics (France) S.A.
Velizy-Villacoublay, France
Tel: 01-30-67 58 00
Fax: 0211-65 03 490
Tel: 02-528-0303
Fax: 02-528-4411
Fax: 01-30-67 58 99
NEC Electronics (UK) Ltd.
Milton Keynes, UK
Tel: 01908-691-133
NEC Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd.
United Square, Singapore 1130
Tel: 253-8311
NEC Electronics (France) S.A.
Spain Office
Madrid, Spain
Fax: 01908-670-290
Fax: 250-3583
Tel: 01-504-2787
NEC Electronics Italiana s.r.1.
Milano, Italy
Tel: 02-66 75 41
Fax: 01-504-2860
NEC Electronics Taiwan Ltd.
Taipei, Taiwan
Tel: 02-719-2377
NEC Electronics (Germany) GmbH
Scandinavia Office
Fax: 02-66 75 42 99
Fax: 02-719-5951
Taeby, Sweden
Tel: 08-63 80 820
NEC do Brasil S.A.
Sao Paulo-SP, Brasil
Tel: 011-889-1680
Fax: 011-889-1689
Fax: 08-63 80 388
J96. 8
Major Revisions in This Edition
Page
Description
Throughout
Addition of following products as target products:
µPD780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY
µPD78052(A), 78053(A), 78054(A)
µPD78062(A), 78063(A), 78064(A)
µPD78081(A), 78082(A), 78P083(A), 78081(A2)
µPD78058F(A), 78058FY(A)
µPD78064B(A)
Deletion of following products as target products:
µPD78P054Y, 78P064Y, 78074, 78075, 78075, 78074Y, 78075Y
p.100
Addition of Note 2 and Caution 2 to Figure 4-5 Format of Watchdog Timer Mode Register
Addition of Caution to Figure 5-8 Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 0
Addition of Table 8-2 Items Supported by Each Subseries
p.113
p.196
p.197
Addition of Table 8-3 Registers of Serial Interface
p.204, p206
Addition of note on using wake-up function and note on changing operation mode to Figures 8-7 and 8-8
Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
p.218, p.224
Addition of Caution to Figures 8-16 and 8-17 Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval
Specification Register
p.239
p.240
p.250
p.286
Addition of Figures 8-23 and 8-24 Format of Serial Interface Pin Select Register
TM
µPD6252 as maintenance product in 8.1 Interface with EEPROM
(µPD6252)
2
2
Addition of (5) Limitations when using I C bus mode to 8.1.2 Communication in I C bus mode
Addition of (f) Limitations when using UART mode to 8.5 Interface in Asynchronous Serial Interface
(UART) Mode
p.347
Addition of Figure 11-3 Format of Port Mode Register 12
p.216, p.217
p.229-p.232
p.352, p.353
Description of following register formats and tables for each subseries:
Figures 8-14 and 8-15 Format of Automatic Data Transmission/Reception Control Register
Tables 8-4, 8-5, and 8-6 Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2
Figures 12-1 and 12-2 Format of LCD Display Mode Register
p.387
Addition of APPENDIX B REVISION HISTORY
The mark
shows major revised points.
INTRODUCTION
Readers
This Application Note is intended for use by engineers who understand the functions
of the 78K/0 series and wish to design application programs with the following
subseries products:
• Subseries
µPD78054 subseries
:
µPD78052, 78053, 78054, 78P054, 78055, 78056,
78058, 78P058, 78052(A), 78053(A), 78054(A)
µPD78054Y subseries : µPD78052Y, 78053Y, 78054Y, 78055Y, 78056Y,
78058Y, 78P058Y
µPD78064 subseries
:
µPD78062,78063,78064,78P064,78062(A),78063(A),
78064(A)
µPD78064Y subseries : µPD78062Y, 78063Y, 78064Y
µPD78078 subseries µPD78076, 78078, 78P078
µPD78078Y subseries : µPD78076Y, 78078Y, 78P078Y
:
µPD78083 subseries
:
µPD78081, 78082, 78P083, 78081(A), 78082(A),
78P83(A), 78081(A2)
Note 1
Note 1
µPD78098 subseries
:
µPD78094, 78095, 78096, 78098A
, 78P098A
µPD780018 subseries : µPD780016Note 2, 780018Note 2, 78P0018Note 2
µPD780018Y subseries : µPD780016YNote 2, 780018YNote 2, 78P0018YNote 2
µPD780058 subseries : µPD780053Note 1, 780054Note 1, 780055Note 1
,
780056Note 1, 780058Note 1, 78F0058Note 1
µPD780058Y subseries : µPD780053YNote 2, 780054YNote 2
,
780055YNote 2, 780056YNote 2, 780058YNote 2
78F0058YNote 2
,
µPD780308 subseries : µPD780306Note 1, 780308Note 1, 78P0308Note 1
µPD780308Y subseries : µPD780306YNote 1, 780308YNote 1, 78P0308YNote 1
µPD78058F subseries : µPD78056F, 78058F, 78P058F, 78058F(A)
µPD78058FY subseries: µPD78056FY, 78058FY, 78P058FY, 78P058FY(A)
µPD78064B subseries : µPD78064B, 78P064B, 78064B(A)
µPD78070A, 78070AY
µPD78075B subseries : µPD78074B, 78075B
µPD78075BY subseries: µPD78074BYNote 1, 78075BYNote 1
µPD78098B subseries : µPD78095BNote 2, 78096BNote 2, 78098BNote 2
,
78P098BNote 2
Notes 1. Under development
2. Planned
Remarks 1. The µPD78052(A), 78053(A), and 78054(A) have higher reliability
than the µPD78052, 78053, and 78054.
2. The µPD78062(A), 78063(A), and 78064(A) have higher reliability
than the µPD78062, 78063, and 78064.
3. The µPD78081(A), 78082(A), 78P083(A), and 78081(A2) have higher
reliability than the µPD78081, 78082, and 78P083.
4. The µPD78058F(A) and 78058FY(A) have higher reliability than the
µPD78058F and 78058FY.
5. The µPD78064B(A) has higher reliability than the µPD78064B.
Purpose
This Application Note is to deepen your understanding of the basic functions of the
78K/0 series by using program examples.
Note that the programs and hardware configuration shown in this document are only
examples and not subject to mass production.
Organization
This Application Note consists of the following contents:
•
•
•
General
Software
Hardware
In addition to this Application Note, the following Application Notes are also available:
Document Number
Document Name
Targeted Subseries
Contents
Japanese English
78K/0 Series
Application Note
Basic (I)
IEA-715 IEA-1288 µPD78002, 78002Y
µPD78014, 78014Y
Explains basic functions of
products in 78K/0 series by
using program examples
µPD78018F, 78018FY
78K/0 Series
Application Note
Basic (II)
U10121J U10121E µPD78044
µPD78044H
µPD780208
µPD780228
78K/0 Series
Application Note
Basic (III)
U10182J
This
µPD78054, 78054Y
document µPD78064, 78064Y
µPD78078, 78078Y
µPD78083
µPD78098
µPD780018, 780018Y
µPD780058, 780058Y
µPD780308, 780308Y
µPD78058F, 78058FY
µPD78064B
µPD78070A, 78070AY
µPD78075B, 78075BY
µPD78098B
Explains floating-point operation
programs of products in 78K/0
series
78K/0 Series
IEA-718 IEA-1289 All subseries in 78K/0
series
Application Note
Floating-Point
except µPD78002 and
78002Y subseries
Operation Program
Explains how to organize
electronic pocketbook by using
µPD78014 subseries
µPD78014 Series
Application Note
IEA-744 IEA-1301 µPD78014
only µPD78014 and
78P014
Electronic Pocketbook
Caution The application examples and program lists shown in this Application Note assume that the main
system clock operates at 4.19 MHz, not at 5.0 MHz.
How to Read This Manual
Although this Application Note explains the functions of the 78K/0 series products,
the functions of some products in each subseries differ from those of the others.
(1/2)
Subseries µPD78054 µPD78064 µPD78078
µPD78083 µPD78098
µ
µ
PD780018
µ
µ
PD780058
PD780058Y
Chapter
µPD78054Y µPD78064Y µPD78078Y
PD780018Y
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS
OF SOFTWARE
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATIONS
OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF
WATCHDOG TIMER
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF
16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF
8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
–
–
–
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF
WATCH TIMER
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF
SERIAL INTERFACE
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF
A/D CONVERTER
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS
OF D/A CONVERTER
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF
REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS
OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
–
–
–
–
–
–
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS
OF KEY INPUT
(2/2)
µPD78075B µPD78098B
Subseries
Chapter
µPD780308 µPD78058F
µPD780308Y µPD78058FY
µPD78064B
µPD78070A
µPD78070AY µPD78075BY
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS
OF SOFTWARE
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATIONS
OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF
WATCHDOG TIMER
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF
16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF
8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF
WATCH TIMER
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF
SERIAL INTERFACE
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF
A/D CONVERTER
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS
OF D/A CONVERTER
–
–
–
–
–
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF
REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS
OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
–
–
–
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS
OF KEY INPUT
The (A)-model and standard models differ only in quality grade.
The µPD78081(A2) differs from standard models and (A)-models in terms of supply
voltage and operating temperature range. For details, refer to the individual Data
Sheet.
In this document, read (A)-models and (A2)-model as follows:
µPD78052 → µPD78052(A)
µPD78054 → µPD78054(A)
µPD78063 → µPD78063(A)
µPD78081 → µPD78081(A)
µPD78P083 → µPD78P083(A)
µPD78058F → µPD78058F(A)
µPD78064B → µPD78064B(A)
µPD78053 → µPD78053(A)
µPD78062 → µPD78062(A)
µPD78064 → µPD78064(A)
µPD78082 → µPD78082(A)
µPD78081 → µPD78081(A2)
µPD78058FY→ µPD78058FY(A)
Legend
Data significance
Low active
Note
: Left: higher digit, right: lower digit
: ××× (top bar over pin or signal name)
: Description of Note in the text
: Important information
: Supplement
Caution
Remark
Numeric representation : Binary ... ×××× or ××××B
Decimal ... ××××
Hexadecimal ... ××××H
Quality Grade
• Standard
µPD78052, 78053, 78054, 78055, 78056, 78058, 78P058
µPD78052Y, 78053Y, 78054Y, 78055Y, 78056Y, 78058Y, 78P058Y
µPD78062, 78063, 78064, 78P064
µPD78062Y, 78063Y, 78064Y
µPD78076, 78078, 78P078
µPD78076Y, 78078Y, 78P078Y
µPD78081, 78082, 78P083
µPD78094, 78095, 78096, 78098A, 78P098A
µPD780016, 780018, 78P0018
µPD780016Y, 780018Y, 78P0018Y
µPD780053, 780054, 780055, 780056, 780058, 78F0058
µPD780053Y, 780054Y, 780055Y, 780056Y, 780058Y, 78F0058Y
µPD780306, 780308, 78P0308
µPD780306Y, 780308Y, 78P0308Y
µPD78056F, 78058F, 78P058F
µPD78056FY, 78058FY, 78P058FY
µPD78064B, 78P064B
µPD78070A, 78070AY
µPD78074B, 78075B
µPD78074BY, 78075BY
µPD78095B, 78096B, 78098B, 78P098B
• Special
µPD78052(A), 78053(A), 78054(A)
µPD78062(A), 78063(A), 78064(A)
µPD78082(A), 78083(A), 78P083(A), 78081(A2)
µPD78058F(A), 78058FY(A)
µPD78064B(A)
Please refer to "Quality Grades on NEC Semiconductor Devices" (Document No. C11531E) published by
NEC Corporation to know the specification of quality grade on the devices and its recommended applications.
Application Field
• Consumer appliances
Related documents
Some of the related documents listed below are preliminary versions but not so specified here.
• Common related documents
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
U10182J
English
This document
IEA-1289
U12326E
–
78K/0 Series Application Note - Basic (III)
78K/0 Series Application Note - Floating-Point Operation Program
78K/0 Series User’s Manual - Instruction
78K/0 Series Instruction Set
IEA-718
U12326J
U10904J
U10903J
78K/0 Series Instruction Table
–
• Documents dedicated to product
(1) µPD78054 subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
Document Name
µPD78052, 78053, 78054, 78055, 78056, 78058 Data Sheet
µPD78P054 Data Sheet
U12327J
U12346J
IC-8884
IC-3403
U12346E
U10417E
U11747E
–
µPD78P058 Data Sheet
µPD78054, µPD78054Y Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78054 Subseries Special Function Register Table
µPD78052(A), 78053(A), 78054(A) Data Sheet
U11747J
U10102J
U12171J
U12171E
(2) µPD78054Y subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78052Y, 78053Y, 78054Y, 78056Y, 78058Y Data Sheet
µPD78P058Y Data Sheet
U10906J
U10907J
U11747J
U10087J
U10906E
U10907E
U11747E
–
µPD78054, 78054Y Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78054Y Subseries Special Function Register Table
(3) µPD78064 subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78062, 78063, 78064 Data Sheet
U12238J
U12589J
U10335J
U10105J
IEM-5568
U12338E
U12589E
U10335E
U10105E
–
µPD78P064 Data Sheet
µPD78062(A), 78063(A), 78064(A) Data Sheet
µPD78064, 78064Y Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78064 Subseries Special Function Register Table
(4) µPD78064Y subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78062Y, 78063Y, 78064Y Data Sheet
U10330J
U10105J
IEM-5583
U10330E
U10105E
–
µPD78064, 78064Y Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78064Y Subseries Special Function Register Table
(5) µPD78078 subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
Document Name
µPD78076, 78078 Data Sheet
U10167J
U10168J
U10641J
IEM-5607
U10167E
U10168E
U10641E
–
µPD78P078 Data Sheet
µPD78078 Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78078 Subseries Special Function Register Table
(6) µPD78078Y subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78076Y, 78078Y Data Sheet
U10605J
U10606J
U10641J
U10257J
U10605E
U10606E
U10641E
–
µPD78P078Y Data Sheet
µPD78078, 78078Y Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78078Y Subseries Special Function Register Table
(7) µPD78083 subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78081, 78082 Data Sheet
U11415J
U11006J
U12436J
U12175J
U12176J
IEM-5599
U11415E
U11006E
To be released soon
U12175E
U12176E
–
µPD78P083 Data Sheet
uPD78081(A), 78082(A) Data Sheet
uPD78P083(A) Data Sheet
µPD78083 Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78083 Subseries Special Function Register Table
(8) µPD78098 subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
U10146E
Document Name
µPD78094, 78095, 78096, 78098A Data Sheet
µPD78P098A Data Sheet
U10146J
U10203J
IEU-854
IEM-5591
U10203E
IEU-1381
–
µPD78098 Subseries User’s Manual
µPD78098 Subseries Special Function Register List
(9) µPD780018 subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD780016, 780018 Preliminary Product Information
µPD78P0018 Preliminary Product Information
µPD780018, 780018Y Subseries User’s Manual
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
(10) µPD780018Y subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
U11810J
English
U11810E
µPD780016Y, 780018Y Preliminary Product Information
µPD78P0018Y Preliminary Product Information
µPD780018, 780018Y Subseries User’s Manual
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
(11) µPD780058 subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
U12182J
English
µPD780053, 780054, 780055, 780056, 780058
U12182E
Preliminary Product Information
µPD78F0058 Preliminary Product Information
µPD780058, 780058Y Subseries User’s Manual
U12092J
U12013J
U12092E
U12013E
(12) µPD780058, 780058Y subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD780053Y, 780054Y, 780055Y, 780056Y, 780058Y
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
Preliminary Product Information
µPD78F0058Y Preliminary Product Information
µPD780058, 780058Y Subseries User’s Manual
U12324J
U12013J
U12324E
U12013E
(13) µPD780308 subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
U11105J
English
U11105E
µPD780306, 780308 Data Sheet
µPD78P0308 Preliminary Product Information
µPD780308, 780308Y Subseries User’s Manual
U11776J
U11776E
U11377E
U11377J
(14) µPD780308Y subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
Document Name
µPD780306Y, 780308Y Data Sheet
U12251J
U11832J
U11377J
U12251E
U11832E
U11377E
µPD78P0308Y Preliminary Product Information
µPD780308, 780308Y Subseries User’s Manual
(15) µPD78058F subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78056F, 78058F Data Sheet
µPD78P058F Data Sheet
U11795J
U11796J
U11795E
U11796E
µPD78058F(A) Data Sheet
To be released soon Plan to prepare
µPD78058F, 78058FY Subseries User’s Manual
U12068J
U12068E
(16) µPD78058FY subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78056FY, 78058FY Data Sheet
µPD78P058FY Data Sheet
U12142J
U12076J
U12068J
U12142E
U12076E
µPD78058F, 78058FY Subseries User’s Manual
To be released soon
(17) µPD78064B subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
U11590E
Document Name
µPD78064B Data Sheet
U11590J
U11597J
U11598J
U10785J
µPD78064B(A) Data Sheet
µPD78P064B Data Sheet
U11597E
U11598E
U10785E
µPD780308, 780308Y User’s Manual
(18) µPD78070A, 78070AY subseries
Document Number
Japanese English
Document Name
µPD78070A Data Sheet
µPD78070AY Data Sheet
µPD78070A, 78070AY User’s Manual
µPD78070A
U10326J
U10542J
IEU-907
U10133J
U10134J
U10326E
U10542E
U10200E
–
–
µPD78070AY
(19) µPD78075B subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78074B, 78075B Data Sheet
U12017J
U12560J
U12017E
µPD78075B, 78075BY Subseries User’s Manual
To be released soon
(20) µPD78075BY subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
English
µPD78074BY, 78075BY Data Sheet
Plan to prepare
U12560J
Plan to prepare
To be released soon
µPD78075B, 78075BY Subseries User’s Manual
(21) µPD78098B subseries
Document Number
Document Name
Japanese
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
English
µPD78095B, 78096B, 78098B Data Sheet
µPD78P098B Data Sheet
Plan to prepare
Plan to prepare
µPD78098B Subseries User’s Manual
To be released soon Plan to prepare
The contents of the above related documents are subject to change without notice. Be sure to use the
latest edition when you design your system.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................
1
1
3
1.1
1.2
Product Development of 78K/0 Series .......................................................................
Features of 78K/0 Series ..............................................................................................
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE..........................................................................
57
57
58
59
66
68
70
71
75
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Data Transfer ..................................................................................................................
Data Comparison ...........................................................................................................
Decimal Addition ...........................................................................................................
Decimal Subtraction ......................................................................................................
Binary-to-Decimal Conversion.....................................................................................
Bit Manipulation Instruction.........................................................................................
Binary Multiplication (16 bits × 16 bits) .....................................................................
Binary Division (32 bits ÷ 16 bits) ...............................................................................
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION.................................................
79
89
91
3.1
3.2
Changing PCC Immediately after RESET...................................................................
Selecting Power ON/OFF ..............................................................................................
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER ...............................................................
95
4.1
4.2
Setting Watchdog Timer Mode .................................................................................... 101
Setting Interval Timer Mode ......................................................................................... 103
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER ......................................... 105
5.1
5.2
5.3
Setting of Interval Timer ............................................................................................... 116
PWM Output.................................................................................................................... 118
Remote Controller Signal Reception .......................................................................... 121
5.3.1
5.3.2
Remote controller signal reception by counter clearing ................................................
Remote controller signal reception by PWM output and free running mode................
123
137
5.4
5.5
One-Shot Pulse Output ................................................................................................. 152
PPG Output ..................................................................................................................... 156
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER ........................................... 163
6.1
6.2
Setting of Interval Timer ............................................................................................... 171
6.1.1
6.1.2
Setting of 8-bit timers ......................................................................................................
Setting of 16-bit timer ......................................................................................................
172
173
Musical Scale Generation............................................................................................. 174
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER........................................................................ 181
7.1 Watch and LED Display Program ................................................................................ 187
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE .............................................................. 195
TM
8.1
Interface with EEPROM
(µPD6252) ......................................................................... 240
8.1.1
8.1.2
Communication in 2-wire serial I/O mode ......................................................................
Communication in I2C bus mode ....................................................................................
242
250
– i –
8.2
8.3
Interface with OSD LSI (µPD6451A) ............................................................................ 260
Interface in SBI Mode .................................................................................................... 265
8.3.1
8.3.2
Application as master CPU .............................................................................................
Application as slave CPU ................................................................................................
267
276
8.4
8.5
Interface in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode ............................................................................. 279
8.4.1
8.4.2
Application as master CPU .............................................................................................
Application as slave CPU ................................................................................................
280
283
Interface in Asynchronous Serial Interface (UART) Mode ...................................... 286
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER ................................................................... 299
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
Level Meter ..................................................................................................................... 307
Thermometer .................................................................................................................. 316
Analog Key Input ........................................................................................................... 326
4-Channel Input A/D Conversion................................................................................. 332
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF D/A CONVERTER ................................................................. 337
10.1 SIN Wave Output............................................................................................................ 338
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT................................................... 345
11.1 Stepping Motor............................................................................................................... 348
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER............................................... 351
12.1 Static Display ................................................................................................................. 360
12.2 4-Time Division Display ................................................................................................ 366
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT ............................................................................ 373
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART ............................................................................. 379
APPENDIX B REVISION HISTORY ............................................................................................... 387
– ii –
LIST OF FIGURES (1/6)
Fig. No.
Title
Page
1-1.
Block Diagram of µPD78054 Subseries.......................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78054Y Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78064 Subseries.......................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78064Y Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78078 Subseries.......................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78078Y Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78083 Subseries.......................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78098 Subseries.......................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780018 Subseries.....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780018Y Subseries ..................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780058 Subseries.....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780058Y Subseries ..................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780308 Subseries.....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD780308Y Subseries ..................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78058F Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78058FY Subseries ..................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78064B Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78070A .....................................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78070AY ...................................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78075B Subseries ....................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78075BY Subseries ..................................................................................
Block Diagram of µPD78098B Subseries ....................................................................................
4
1-2.
7
10
12
14
16
18
20
23
26
29
32
35
37
39
42
45
47
49
51
53
55
1-3.
1-4.
1-5.
1-6.
1-7.
1-8.
1-9.
1-10.
1-11.
1-12.
1-13.
1-14.
1-15.
1-16.
1-17.
1-18.
1-19.
1-20.
1-21.
1-22.
2-1.
2-2.
2-3.
2-4.
2-5.
2-6.
2-7.
2-8.
Data Exchange ............................................................................................................................
Data Comparison .........................................................................................................................
Decimal Addition ..........................................................................................................................
Decimal Subtraction .....................................................................................................................
Binary-to-Decimal Conversion .....................................................................................................
Bit Operation ................................................................................................................................
Binary Multiplication .....................................................................................................................
Binary Division .............................................................................................................................
57
58
59
66
68
70
71
75
3-1.
Format of Processor Clock Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,78070AY) ....................
Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD78083 subseries)...........................................
Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ............................
Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ........................
Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register
81
82
83
84
3-2.
3-3.
3-4.
3-5.
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) .....................................................................................................................................
Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) .............................
85
85
3-6.
– iii –
LIST OF FIGURES (2/6)
Fig. No.
3-7.
Title
Page
Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register
(µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ...............................................................................................
Format of Clock Select Register 1 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ............................................
Format of Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ............................................
Example of Selecting CPU Clock after RESET (with µPD78054 subseries) ...............................
Example of System Clock Changing Circuit ................................................................................
Example of Changing System Clock on Power Failure (µPD78054 subseries)...........................
86
86
86
89
90
90
3-8.
3-9.
3-10.
3-11.
3-12.
4-1.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2
(µPD78054 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78083 subseries) ................................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of Watchdog Timer Mode Register ..................................................................................
Count Timing of Watchdog Timer ................................................................................................
96
97
4-2.
4-3.
4-4.
4-5.
4-6.
98
99
100
103
5-1.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) .................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register ............................................................................
Format of Capture/Compare Control Register .............................................................................
Format of 16-Bit Timer Output Control Register ..........................................................................
Format of Port Mode Register 3 ...................................................................................................
Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 0..............................................................................
Format of Sampling Clock Select Register
106
108
109
110
111
112
113
113
5-2.
5-3.
5-4.
5-5.
5-6.
5-7.
5-8.
5-9.
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...................
Format of Sampling Clock Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ...............................
Format of Sampling Clock Select Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ...........................
Example of Remote Controller Signal Receiver Circuit ...............................................................
Remote Controller Signal Transmitter IC Output Signal ..............................................................
Output Signal of Receiver Preamplifier ........................................................................................
Sampling of Remote Controller Signal .........................................................................................
Timing of One-Shot Pulse Output Operation by Software Trigger ...............................................
PPG Output Waveform Changing Timing ....................................................................................
114
115
115
121
122
122
123
153
156
5-10.
5-11.
5-12.
5-13.
5-14.
5-15.
5-16.
5-17.
6-1.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
164
166
6-2.
– iv –
LIST OF FIGURES (3/6)
Fig. No.
Title
Page
6-3.
6-4.
6-5.
6-6.
6-7.
6-8.
6-9.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of 8-Bit Timer Mode Control Register ..............................................................................
Format of 8-Bit Timer Output Control Register ............................................................................
Format of Port Mode Register 3 ...................................................................................................
Count timing of 8-Bit Timers ........................................................................................................
Musical Scale Generation Circuit .................................................................................................
Timer Output and Interval ............................................................................................................
167
168
169
170
171
174
174
7-1.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of Watch Timer Mode Control Register
182
183
184
7-2.
7-3.
7-4.
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) .....................................................................................................................................
Format of Watch Timer Mode Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ........................
Concept of Watch Data ................................................................................................................
LED Display Timing......................................................................................................................
Circuit Example of Watch Timer ..................................................................................................
185
186
187
188
188
7-5.
7-6.
7-7.
7-8.
8-1.
8-2.
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3
(µPD78054, 78078, 780058, 78058F, 78075B subseries, µPD78070A) .....................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3
198
(µPD78054Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070AY).......................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78064, 780308, 78064B subseries) ....................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78064Y, 780308Y subseries) .............................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
199
200
201
202
203
8-3.
8-4.
8-5.
8-6.
8-7.
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A)..................................................................................................
Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
204
206
208
210
8-8.
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070AY) ..............................................................................................................................
Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
8-9.
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B, 78098B
subseries, µPD78070A) ...............................................................................................................
Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
8-10.
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070AY) ..............................................................................................................................
– v –
LIST OF FIGURES (4/6)
Fig. No.
8-11.
Title
Page
Format of Interrupt Timing Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A)..................................................................................................
Format of Interrupt Timing Specification Register
212
213
215
8-12.
8-13.
8-14.
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 78008Y, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070AY) ..............................................................................................................................
Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 1
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) .................................
Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78075B,
78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ................................................................
Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Control Register
216
217
8-15.
8-16.
(µPD780058, 780058Y subseries) ...............................................................................................
Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...............................................
Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ...................................................................................................
Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 2
218
224
8-17.
8-18.
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)................................................................................................................
Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Mode Register
227
228
234
8-19.
8-20.
8-21.
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)................................................................................................................
Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Status Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)................................................................................................................
Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) .....................................................................................................................................
Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ....................
Format of Serial Interface Pin Select Register (µPD780058 and 780058Y Subseries) ...............
Format of Serial Interface Pin Select Register
235
237
239
8-22.
8-23.
8-24.
(µPD780308 and 780308Y Subseries) ........................................................................................
Pin Configuration of µPD6252 .....................................................................................................
Example of Connection of µPD6252 ............................................................................................
Communication Format of µPD6252............................................................................................
Example of Connection between µPD6252 and I2C Bus Mode ...................................................
239
240
242
243
250
8-25.
8-26.
8-27.
8-28.
– vi –
LIST OF FIGURES (5/6)
Fig. No.
Title
Page
8-29.
8-30.
8-31.
8-32.
8-33.
8-34.
8-35.
8-36.
8-37.
8-38.
8-39.
8-40.
8-41.
8-42.
8-43.
µPD6252 Operation Timing ........................................................................................................
Example of Connecting µPD6451A .............................................................................................
Communication Format of µPD6451A .........................................................................................
Example of Connection in SBI Mode ...........................................................................................
Communication Format in SBI Mode ...........................................................................................
ACK Signal in Case of Time out ..................................................................................................
Testing Bus Line ..........................................................................................................................
Example of Connection in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode ......................................................................
Communication Format in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode ......................................................................
Output of Busy Signal ..................................................................................................................
Communication Block Diagram ....................................................................................................
Communication Format ................................................................................................................
Reception Format ........................................................................................................................
Timing of Reception Completion Interrupt (when ISRM = 1) .......................................................
Receive Buffer Register Reading Disabled Period ......................................................................
251
260
260
265
266
267
267
279
279
283
288
289
289
295
296
9-1.
Format of A/D Converter Mode Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) .....................................................................................................................................
Format of A/D Converter Mode Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..................................
Format of A/D Converter Mode Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries) ..............................
Format of A/D Converter Input Select Register ...........................................................................
Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1..............................................................................
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78075B,
78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ................................................................
Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1
300
301
302
303
9-2.
9-3.
9-4.
9-5.
304
9-6.
(µPD78064, 78064Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y, 78064B subseries)........................
Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1 (µPD78083 subseries) .........................................
Format of A/D Current Cut Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) ..............................
Example of Level Meter Circuit ....................................................................................................
A/D Conversion Result and Display .............................................................................................
Concept of Peak Hold ..................................................................................................................
Circuit Example of Thermometer .................................................................................................
Temperature vs. Output Characteristic ........................................................................................
Example of Analog Key Input Circuit ...........................................................................................
Timing Chart in 4-Channel Scan Mode ........................................................................................
305
306
306
307
307
308
316
317
327
332
9-7.
9-8.
9-9.
9-10.
9-11.
9-12.
9-13.
9-14.
9-15.
10-1.
10-2.
10-3.
10-4.
Format of D/A Converter Mode Register .....................................................................................
Analog Output and Output Data Storage Timing .........................................................................
D/A Output Waveform ..................................................................................................................
SIN Wave Conversion Circuit ......................................................................................................
337
338
338
340
– vii –
LIST OF FIGURES (6/6)
Fig. No.
Title
Page
11-1.
11-2.
11-3.
11-4.
Format of Real-Time Output Port Mode Register ........................................................................
Format of Real-Time Output Port Control Register ......................................................................
Format of Port Mode Register 12 .................................................................................................
Phase Excitation Output Pattern and Output Timing ...................................................................
346
346
347
348
12-1.
12-2.
12-3.
12-4.
12-5.
12-6.
12-7.
12-8.
12-9.
Format of LCD Display Mode Register (µPD78064, 78064Y, 78064B subseries).......................
Format of LCD Display Mode Register (µPD780308, 780308Y subseries) .................................
Format of LCD Display Control Register ......................................................................................
Relations between Contents of LCD Display Data Memory and Segment/Common Output.......
Common Signal Waveform ..........................................................................................................
Phase Difference in Voltage between Command Signal and Segment Signal ............................
Display Pattern and Electrode Wiring of Static LCD ....................................................................
Connection of Static LCD .............................................................................................................
Example of Connecting LCD Driving Power in Static Display Mode
352
353
354
356
358
359
360
361
(with external divider resistor, VDD = 5 V, and VLCD = 5 V) ...........................................................
Example of Static LCD Driving Waveform ...................................................................................
Display Pattern of 4-Time Division LCD and Electrode Wiring ....................................................
Connections of 4-Time Division LCD Panel .................................................................................
Example of Connecting LCD Drive Power in 4-Time Division Mode
361
362
366
367
12-10.
12-11.
12-12.
12-13.
(with external divider resistor, VDD = 5 V, VLCD = 5 V) ..................................................................
Example of 4-Time Division LCD Driving Waveform....................................................................
367
368
12-14.
13-1.
Key Matrix Circuit .........................................................................................................................
373
– viii –
LIST OF TABLES (1/2)
Table. No.
Title
Page
1-1.
Functional Outline of µPD78054 Subseries .................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78054Y Subseries...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78064 Subseries .................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78064Y Subseries...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78078 Subseries .................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78078Y Subseries...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78083 Subseries .................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78098 Subseries .................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780018 Subseries ...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780018Y Subseries.............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780058 Subseries ...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780058Y Subseries.............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780308 Subseries ...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD780308Y Subseries.............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78058F Subseries ...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78058FY Subseries ............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78064B Subseries...............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78070A................................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78070AY .............................................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78075B8 Subseries.............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78075BY Subseries ............................................................................
Functional Outline of µPD78098B Subseries...............................................................................
5
1-2.
8
11
13
15
17
19
21
24
27
30
33
36
38
40
43
46
48
50
52
54
56
1-3.
1-4.
1-5.
1-6.
1-7.
1-8.
1-9.
1-10.
1-11.
1-12.
1-13.
1-14.
1-15.
1-16.
1-17.
1-18.
1-19.
1-20.
1-21.
1-22.
3-1.
3-2.
Maximum Time Required for Changing CPU Clock .....................................................................
Relation between CPU Clock and Minimum Instruction Execution Time
80
(other than µPD78098 and 78098B subseries)............................................................................
CPU Clock (fCPU) List (µPD78098 and 78098B Subseries)..........................................................
87
88
3-3.
5-1.
5-2.
Valid Time of Input Signal ............................................................................................................
Valid Time of Input Signal ............................................................................................................
123
137
6-1.
Musical Scale and Frequency ......................................................................................................
17
8-1.
8-2.
8-3.
8-4.
Serial Interface Channel of Each Subseries ................................................................................
Items Supported by Each Subseries............................................................................................
Registers of Serial Interface .........................................................................................................
Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2
195
196
197
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 78058F, 78058FY,
78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) ...................................
Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780058 and
229
230
232
8-5.
8-6.
780058Y Subseries) ....................................................................................................................
Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780308 and
780308Y Subseries) ....................................................................................................................
– ix –
LIST OF TABLES (2/2)
Table. No.
Title
Page
8-7.
8-8.
8-9.
8-10.
Pin Function of µPD6252 .............................................................................................................
µPD6252 Commands...................................................................................................................
Signals in SBI Mode .....................................................................................................................
Relations between Main System Clock and Baud Rate (at fX = 4.19 MHz) .................................
241
242
266
287
9-1.
9-2.
9-3.
A/D Conversion Value and Temperature .....................................................................................
Input Voltage and Key Code ........................................................................................................
Resistances of R1 through R5 .....................................................................................................
318
326
327
10-1.
11-1.
Voltage of SIN Wave Output and Preset Value ...........................................................................
Operation Mode and Output Trigger of Real-Time Output Port ...................................................
339
346
12-1.
12-2.
12-3.
Maximum Number of Pixels for Display .......................................................................................
COM Signal ..................................................................................................................................
Select and Unselect Voltages (COM0) ........................................................................................
355
357
360
12-4.
A-1.
Select and Unselect Voltages (COM0, 1, 2, 3) ............................................................................
Comparison between SPD Symbols and Flowchart Symbol .......................................................
366
379
– x –
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.1 Product Development of 78K/0 Series
The following shows the products organized according to usage. The names in the parallelograms are subseries
names.
Products in mass production
Products under development
Y subseries products are compatible with I2C bus.
Control
EMI-noise reduced version of the µPD78078
PD78075B
µPD78075BY
µPD78078Y
µPD78070AY
µ
µ
100-pin
100-pin
100-pin
100-pin
80-pin
A timer was added to the µPD78054 and external interface was enhanced
PD78078
µPD78070A
ROM-less version of the PD78078
µ
Serial I/O of the µPD78078Y was enhanced and the function is limited.
PD780018AY
µ
PD780058YNote
Serial I/O of the µPD78054 was enhanced and EMI-noise was reduced.
PD780058
µ
µ
EMI-noise reduced version of the PD78054
µ
µPD78058F
PD78054
µPD78058FY
80-pin
µ
UART and D/A converter were enhanced to the PD78014 and I/O was enhanced
80-pin
PD78054Y
PD780034Y
PD780024Y
µ
µ
µ
µ
PD780034
µ
A/D converter of the µPD780024 was enhanced
64-pin
PD780024
64-pin
64-pin
µ
µ
Serial I/O of the PD78018F was added and EMI-noise was reduced.
µ
EMI-noise reduced version of the µPD78018F
PD78014H
PD78018F
PD78014
Low-voltage (1.8 V) operation version of the PD78014, with larger selection of ROM and RAM capacities
µ
64-pin
µ
µ
PD78018FY
PD78014Y
µ
µ
µ
µ
µ
An A/D converter and 16-bit timer were added to the PD78002
µ
64-pin
An A/D converter was added to the PD78002
µ
PD780001
64-pin
µPD78002Y
Basic subseries for control
PD78002
PD78083
64-pin
On-chip UART, capable of operating at low voltage (1.8 V)
42/44-pin
Inverter control
64-pin
64-pin
A/D converter of the µPD780924 was enhanced
PD780964
µ
On-chip inverter control circuit and UART. EMI-noise was reduced.
PD780924
µ
FIPTM drive
The I/O and FIP C/D of the µPD78044F were enhanced, Display output total: 53
The I/O and FIP C/D of the µPD78044H were enhanced, Display output total: 48
100-pin
100-pin
80-pin
PD780208
PD780228
PD78044H
µ
µ
µ
78K/0
Series
µ
An N-ch open drain I/O was added to the PD78044F, Display output total: 34
80-pin
PD78044F
µ
Basic subseries for driving FIP, Display output total: 34
LCD drive
100-pin
100-pin
100-pin
PD780308
µ
PD780308Y
PD78064Y
µ
µ
The SIO of the µPD78064 was enhanced, and ROM, RAM capacity increased
µ
EMI-noise reduced version of the PD78064
PD78064B
PD78064
µ
µ
Basic subseries for driving LCDs, On-chip UART
IEBusTM supported
µPD78098B
80-pin
80-pin
EMI-noise reduced version of the µPD78098
An IEBus controller was added to the µPD78054
µPD78098
Meter control
80-pin
64-pin
µPD780973
On-chip automobile meter driving controller/driver
LV
µPD78P0914
On-chip PWM output, LV digital code decoder, and Hsync counter
Note Under planning
1
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
The following lists the main functional differences between subseries products.
Function
Timer
ROM
8-bit 10-bit 8-bit
A/D A/D D/A
VDD MIN.
Value
External
Serial Interface
I/O
88
Capacity
Expansion
Subseries Name
8-bit 16-bit Watch WDT
Control µPD78075B 32K-40K
4ch 1ch 1ch 1ch 8ch
–
2ch 3ch (UART: 1ch)
1.8 V
µPD78078
48K-60K
–
µPD78070A
61
2.7 V
1.8 V
2.7 V
2.0 V
1.8 V
µPD780058 24K-60K
µPD78058F 48K-60K
2ch
2ch 3ch (time division UART: 1ch) 68
3ch (UART: 1ch)
69
51
53
µPD78054
16K-60K
µPD780034 8K-32K
µPD780024
–
8ch
–
–
3ch (UART: 1ch,
time division 3-wire: 1ch)
8ch
µPD78014H
2ch
1.8 V
2.7 V
µPD78018F 8K-60K
µPD78014
8K-32K
µPD780001 8K
–
–
1ch
–
1ch
39
53
33
47
–
–
µPD78002
µPD78083
8K-16K
–
8ch
–
1ch (UART: 1ch)
2ch (UART: 2ch)
1.8 V
2.7 V
Inverter µPD780964 8K-32K
3ch Note
–
1ch
8ch
–
–
–
control
µPD780924
8ch
FIP
µPD780208 32K-60K
µPD780228 48K-60K
µPD78044H 32K-48K
µPD78044F 16K-40K
µPD780308 48K-60K
µPD78064B 32K
2ch 1ch 1ch 1ch 8ch
3ch
–
2ch
1ch
74
72
68
2.7 V
4.5 V
2.7 V
–
–
drive
–
–
2ch 1ch 1ch
2ch
LCD
drive
2ch 1ch 1ch 1ch 8ch
–
–
3ch (time division UART: 1ch) 57
2ch (UART: 1ch)
2.0 V
µPD78064
µPD78098
16K-32K
40K-60K
IEBus
2ch 1ch 1ch 1ch 8ch
3ch 1ch 1ch 1ch 5ch
–
–
–
2ch 3ch (UART: 1ch)
69
56
54
2.7 V
4.5 V
4.5 V
supported
µPD78098B 32K-60K
µPD780973 24K-32K
Meter
control
–
–
2ch (UART: 1ch)
2ch
–
LV
µPD78P0914 32K
6ch
–
–
1ch 8ch
Note 10-bit timer: 1 channel
2
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.2 Features of 78K/0 Series
The 78K/0 series is a collection of 8-bit single-chip microcontrollers ideal for commercial systems.
The µPD78054 and 78054Y subseries are provided with peripheral hardware functions such as an A/D converter,
D/A converter, timer, serial interface, real-time output port, and interrupt function.
The µPD78064 and 78064Y subseries are provided with peripheral hardware functions such as an LCD controller/
driver, A/D converter, timer, serial interface, and interrupt function.
The µPD78078 and 78078Y subseries are based on the µPD78054 and 78054Y subseries with a timer added and
the external interface function reinforced.
The µPD78083 subseries is provided with peripheral hardware functions such as an A/D converter, timer, serial
interface, and interrupt function.
The µPD78098 subseries is based on the µPD78054 subseries with an IEBus controller added.
The µPD780018 and 780018Y subseries are versions of the µPD78078 and 78078Y subseries (serial interface
with time division transfer function) with an improved serial interface and a limited number of functions.
The µPD780058 and 780058Y subseries are low-EMI noise versions of the µPD78054 and 78054Y subseries
(serial interface with time division transfer function), with an improved serial interface.
The µPD780308 and 780308Y subseries are versions of the µPD78064 and 78064Y subseries with increased ROM
and RAM with an improved serial interface.
The µPD78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, and 78098B subseries are low-EMI noise versions of the
µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78078, 78078Y, and 78098 subseries.
The µPD78070A and 78070AY subseries are the ROM-less versions of the µPD78078 and 78078Y subseries.
The µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries and µPD78070AY are
provided with I2C bus control function instead of the SBI function of the µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 780058, 780308,
78058F, 78075B subseries and µPD78070A.
In addition, one-time PROM, EPROM, or flash-memory models that can operate at the same operating voltage
as the mask ROM models and that are ideal for early and small-scale production of the application system are also
available.
The block diagram and function outline of each series is shown on the following pages.
3
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-1. Block Diagram of µPD78054 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SCK2/ASCK/P72
RAM
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
(VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P054, 78P058
4
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-1. Functional Outline of µPD78054 Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD78052
µPD78053
µPD78054 µPD78P054 µPD78055
µPD78056
µPD78058 µPD78P058
Note 1
Note 2
Part Number
Internal
memory
Mask ROM
PROM
Mask ROM
PROM
ROM
16K bytes 24K bytes 32K bytes 32K bytesNote 2 40K bytes 48K bytes 60K bytes 60K bytesNote 3
512 bytes 1024 bytes
32 bytes
1024 bytesNote 3 1024 bytes
1024 bytesNote 3
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
None
1024 bytes 1024 bytesNote 4
Expansion RAM
64K bytes
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 69
: 2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 63
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 4
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
•
3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The µPD78P054 is a PROM model of the µPD78052, 78053, and 78054.
2. The µPD78P058 is a PROM model of the µPD78055, 78056, and 78058.
3. The capacities of the internal PROM and internal high-speed RAM can be changed by using a memory
size select register (IMS).
4. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
5
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-1. Functional Outline of µPD78054 Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD78052
µPD78053
µPD78054 µPD78P054 µPD78055
µPD78056
µPD78058 µPD78P058
Note 1
Note 2
Part Number
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 13, external: 7
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 1
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 2.0 to 6.0 V
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note 3
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin plastic TQFP (fine pitch) (12 × 12 mm) (
µPD78052, 78053, 78054, 78P054, 78058 only)
• 80-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 14 mm) (µPD78P054, 78P058 only)
Notes 1. The µPD78P054 is a PROM model of the µPD78052, 78053, and 78054.
2. The µPD78P058 is a PROM model of the µPD78055, 78056, and 78058.
3. Under planning
6
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-2. Block Diagram of µPD78054Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
RAM
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
(VPP
)
Remarks 1. The capacities of the internal ROM and RAM differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P058Y
7
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-2. Functional Outline of µPD78054Y Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD78052Y µPD78053Y µPD78054Y µPD78055Y µPD78056Y µPD78058Y µPD78P058Y
Part Number
Internal
memory
ROM
Mask ROM
16K bytes
PROM
Note 1
Note 1
24K bytes 32K bytes
1024 bytes
40K bytes
48K bytes
60K bytes
60K bytes
High-speed RAM 512 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM None
1024 bytes
Note 2
1024 bytes 1024 bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 69
: 2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 63
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 4
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The capacities of the internal PROM and internal high-speed RAM can be changed by using a memory
size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
8
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-2. Functional Outline of µPD78054Y Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD78052Y µPD78053Y µPD78054Y µPD78055Y µPD78056Y µPD78058Y µPD78P058Y
Part Number
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 7
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 1
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
Test input
VDD = 2.0 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 14 mm)(µPD78P058Y only)
Note Under planning
9
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-3. Block Diagram of µPD78064 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
P10-P17
P25-P27
P30-P37
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P97
P100-P103
P110-P117
S0-S23
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
RAM
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
S24/P97-
S31/P90
A/D CONVERTER
S32/P87-
S39/P80
AVSS
LCD
CONTROLLER/
DRIVER
AVREF
COM0-COM3
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
V
LC0-VLC2
BIAS
f
LCD
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
V
SS
IC
(VPP
)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P064
10
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-3. Functional Outline of µPD78064 Subseries
Item
µPD78062
Mask ROM
µPD78063
µPD78064
µPD78P064
Part Number
Internal
memory
PROM
32K bytes
ROM
Note 1
Note 1
16K bytes
24K bytes
1024 bytes
32K bytes
512 bytes
1024 bytes
High-speed RAM
LCD display RAM
40 × 4 bits
64K bytes
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 57
(including pins multiplexed • CMOS input: 2
with segment signal output) • CMOS I/O : 55
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
• Segment signal output : 40 max.
• Common signal output : 4 max.
LCD controller/driver
• Bias
: 1/2 or 1/3 bias selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable : 1 channel
Serial interface
Timer
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
: 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 12, external: 6
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.0 to 6.0 V
Test input
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.45 mm)
• 100-pin plastic LQFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
Note 2
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm)
(µPD78P064 only)
Notes 1. The capacities of the internal PROM and internal high-speed RAM can be changed by using a memory
size select register (IMS).
2. Under development
11
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-4. Block Diagram of µPD78064Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
P10-P17
P25-P27
P30-P37
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P97
P100-P103
P110-P117
S0-S23
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SDL/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
RAM
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
S24/P97-
S31/P90
A/D CONVERTER
S32/P87-
S39/P80
AVSS
LCD
CONTROLLER/
DRIVER
AVREF
COM0-COM3
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
VLC0-VLC2
BIAS
f
LCD
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
Remark The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
12
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-4. Functional Outline of µPD78064Y Subseries
Item
µPD78062Y
µPD78063Y
µPD78064Y
Part Number
ROM
Mask ROM
16K bytes
Internal
memory
24K bytes
1024 bytes
32K bytes
High-speed RAM 512 bytes
LCD display RAM 40 × 4 bits
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 57
(including pins multiplexed • CMOS input: 2
with segment signal output) • CMOS I/O : 55
A/D converter
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
LCD controller/driver
• Segment signal output : 40 max.
• Common signal output : 4 max.
• Bias
: 1/2 or 1/3 bias selectable
2
Serial interface
Timer
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable : 1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
: 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 12, external: 6
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 1
1
source
Software
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.0 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.45 mm)
• 100-pin plastic LQFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
13
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-5. Block Diagram of µPD78078 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
RAM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
(VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacitiy differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P078
14
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-5. Functional Outline of µPD78078 Subseries
Item
µPD78076
µPD78078
µPD78P078
Part Number
Internal
memory
Mask ROM
48K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM
32 bytes
Expansion RAM 1024 bytes
PROM
60K bytes
ROM
Note 1
60K bytes
64K bytes
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
timon clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
:
:
:
88
2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
78
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Internal: 15, external: 7
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
Test input
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.45 mm)
Note 2
• 100-pin plastic LQFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P078 only)
Notes 1. The internal ROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. Under planning
15
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-6. Block Diagram of µPD78078Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
ROM
CPU CORE
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
RAM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
PORT13
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
(VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P078Y
16
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-6. Functional Outline of µPD78078Y Subseries
Item
µPD78076Y
µPD78078Y
µPD78P078Y
Part Number
Internal
memory
ROM
Mask ROM
48K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM 1024 bytes
PROM
60K bytes
Note 1
60K bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
:
:
:
88
2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
78
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
: 1 channel
•
3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes) : 1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
: 1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 15, external: 7
Internal: 1
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note 2
• 100-pin plastic LQFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P078Y only)
Notes 1. The internal ROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. Under development
17
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-7. Block Diagram of µPD78083 Subseries
P00
8-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER 5
PORT0
PORT1
PORT3
PORT5
PORT7
PORT10
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
P01-P03
5-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER 6
P10-P17
P30-P37
P50-P57
P70-P72
P100, P101
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
WATCHDOG TIMER
SI2/RxD/P70
SO2/TxD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
A/D CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF1
RAM
INTP1/P01-
INTP3/P03
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
V
DD
V
SS
IC
(VPP
X2
)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P083
18
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-7. Functional Outline of µPD78083 Subseries
Item
µPD78081
µPD78082
µPD78P083
Part Number
Internal
memory
ROM
Mask ROM
8K bytes
High-speed RAM 256 bytes
PROM
Note 1
16K bytes
384 bytes
24K bytes
512 bytes
Note 1
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum instruction
execution time
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs
(with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 33
• CMOS input: 1
• CMOS I/O : 32
A/D converter
Serial interface
Timer
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable: 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter : 2 channels
• Watchdog timer
: 1 channel
Timer output
Clock output
2 (8-bit PWM output)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz
(with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 8, external: 3
Internal: 1
1
source
Software
Note 2
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
• 42-pin plastic shrink DIP (600 mil)
• 42-pin ceramic shrink DIP (with window) (600 mil) (µPD78P083 only)
• 44-pin plastic QFP (10 × 10 mm)
Notes 1. The capacities of the internal PROM and internal-high-speed RAM can be changed by using a memory
size select register. (IMS)
2. The supply voltage (VDD) of the µPD78081(A2) is 4.5 to 5.5 V.
19
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-8. Block Diagram of µPD78098 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SCK2/ASCK/P72
RAM
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
IEBus
CONTROLLER
TX/P124/RTP4
RX/P125/RTP5
AVSS
AVREF1
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF0
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
(VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P098A
20
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-8. Functional Outline of µPD78098 Subseries (1/2)
Item
Note 1
Note 1, 2
µPD78094
µPD78095
µPD78096
µPD78098A
µPD78P098A
Part Number
Internal
memory
ROM
Mask ROM
32K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM None
PROM
Note 3
40K bytes
48K bytes
60K bytes
60K bytes
Note 4
2048 bytes
2048 bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.5 µs/1.0 µs/2.0 µs/4.0 µs/8.0 µs/16.0 (at 6.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 69
: 2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 63
• N-ch open-drain I/O: 4
IEBus controller
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
Effective transfer rate: 3.9 kbps/17 kbps/26 kbps
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
15.6 kHz, 31.3 kHz, 62.5 kHz, 125 kHz, 250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 4.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 6.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. Under development
2. The µPD78P098A is the PROM model of the µPD78094, 78095, 78096, and 78098A.
3. The internal PROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
4. The internal expansion RAM can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select register
(IXS).
21
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-8. Functional Outline of µPD78098 Subseries (2/2)
Item
Note 1
Note 1, 2
µPD78094
µPD78095
µPD78096
µPD78098A
µPD78P098A
Part Number
Buzzer output
977 Hz, 1.95 kHz, 3.9 kHz, 7.8 kHz (with main system clock of 6.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 14, external: 7
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.7 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm)
Note 1
• 80-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 14 mm)
(µPD78P098A only)
Notes 1. Under development
2. The µPD78P098A is a PROM model of the µPD78094, 78095, 78096, and 78098A.
22
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-9. Block Diagram of µPD780018 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
PORT15
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P110-P117
P150-P156
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
RAM
SI4A/P90
SO4A/P91
SCK4A/P92
SI4B/P93
SERIAL
INTERFACE 4
SO4B/P94
SCK4B/P95
SI4C/P110
SO4C/P111
SCK4C/P112
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
A/D CONVERTER
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVSS
AVREF
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1
XT2
VDD0, VSS0, IC
VDD1 VSS1 (VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P0018
23
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-9. Functional Outline of µPD780018 Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD780016
Mask ROM
µPD780018
µPD78P0018
Part Number
PROM
60K bytes
Internal
memory
ROM
Note
48K bytes
60K bytes
1024 bytes
32 bytes
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
1024 bytes
64K bytes
Expansion RAM
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 88
: 9
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 79
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
Serial interface
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with automatical transfer/reception function)
• 3-wire serial I/O mode selectable (with time-division transfer function)
: 1 channel
: 1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
Timer output
Clock output
39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with main
system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Note The internal ROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register. (IMS)
Caution The µPD780018 subseries is under planning.
24
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-9. Functional Outline of µPD780018 Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD780016
µPD780018
µPD78P0018
Part Number
2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 12, external: 7
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V
TA = –40 to +85 °C
Test input
Supply voltage
Operating temperature
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P0018 only)
Caution The µPD780018 subseries is under planning.
25
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-10. Block Diagram of µPD780018Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
PORT15
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P110-P117
P150-P156
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
RAM
SI4A/P90
SO4A/P91
SCK4A/P92
SI4B/P93
SERIAL
INTERFACE 4
SO4B/P94
SCK4B/P95
SI4C/P110
SO4C/P111
SCK4C/P112
SDA/P116
SCL/P117
SERIAL
INTERFACE 5
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
A/D CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1
XT2
V
V
DD0
,
V
V
SS0
,
IC
DD1
SS1 (VPP
)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P0018Y
26
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-10. Functional Outline of µPD780018Y Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD780016Y
µPD780018Y
µPD78P018Y
Part Number
ROM
Mask ROM
48K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM 1024 bytes
PROM
60K bytes
Internal
memory
Note
60K bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 88
: 9
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 79
A/D converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with automatical transfer/reception function)
• 3-wire serial I/O mode selectable (with time-division transfer function)
: 1 channel
: 1 channel
: 1 channel
2
• I C bus mode (multi-master compatible)
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with main
system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Note The internal PROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register. (IMS)
Caution The µPD780018Y subseries is under development.
27
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-10. Functional Outline of µPD78P0018Y Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD780016Y
µPD780018Y
µPD78P018Y
Part Number
2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 12, external: 7
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V
TA = –40 to +85 °C
Test input
Supply voltage
Operating temperature
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P0018Y only)
Caution The µPD780018Y subseries is under development.
28
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-11. Block Diagram of µPD780058 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
ROM
FLASH
MEMORY
78K/0
CPU CORE
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
SCK1/P22
STB/TxD1/P23
BUSY/RxD1/P24
BUSY/RxD1/P24
STB/TxD1/P23
SI2/RxD0/P70
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
RAM
SO2/TxD0/P71
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WR/P65
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD0, VSS0, IC
VDD1 VSS1 (VPP)
Remarks 1. The capacities of the internal ROM and RAM differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78F0058
29
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-11. Functional Outline of µPD780058 Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD780053
µPD780054
µPD780055
µPD780056
µPD780058
µPD78F0058
Part Number
Internal
memory
Mask ROM
24K bytes
Flash memory
60K bytesNote 1
ROM
32K bytes
40K bytes
48K bytes
60K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM None
1024 bytes
1024 bytesNote 2
Memory space
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
:
:
:
68
2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
62
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 4
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable (with time-division transfer function) : 1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The capacities of the flash memory can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
Caution The µPD780058 subseries is under development.
30
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-11. Functional Outline of µPD780058 Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD780053
µPD780054
µPD780055
µPD780056
µPD780058
µPD78F0058
Part Number
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 7
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
Test input
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
Supply voltage
Operating temperature
Package
TA = –40 to +85 °C
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin plastic TQFP (fine pitch) (12 × 12 mm)
Note Under planning
Caution The µPD780058 subseries is under development.
31
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-12. Block Diagram of µPD780058Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SERIAL
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
INTERFACE 0
ROM
78K/0
CPU CORE
FLASH
MEMORY
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
SCK1/P22
STB/TxD1/P23
BUSY/RxD1/P24
BUSY/RxD1/P24
STB/TxD1/P23
SI2/RxD0/P70
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
RAM
SO2/TxD0/P71
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WR/P65
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD0, VSS0
,
IC
V
DD1
VSS1 (VPP
)
Remarks 1. The capacities of the internal ROM and RAM differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78F0058Y
32
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-12. Functional Outline of µPD780058Y Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD780053Y µPD780054Y µPD780055Y
µPD780056Y µPD780058Y µPD78F0058Y
Part Number
Internal
memory
Mask ROM
Flash memory
ROM
24K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM 32 bytes
Expansion RAM None
32K bytes
40K bytes
48K bytes
60K bytes
1024 bytes
60K bytesNote 1
1024 bytesNote 2
Memory space
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
:
:
:
68
2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
62
4
• N-ch open-drain I/O :
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
: 1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes) : 1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable (with time-division transfer function) : 1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The capacities of the flash memory can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
Caution The µPD780058Y subseries is under planning.
33
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-12. Functional Outline of µPD780058Y Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD780053Y µPD780054Y µPD780055Y
µPD780056Y µPD780058Y µPD78F0058Y
Part Number
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 7
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Software
1
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
TA = –40 to +85 °C
Test input
Supply voltage
Operating temperature
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin plastic TQFP (fine pitch) (12 × 12 mm)
Caution The µPD780058Y subseries is under planning.
34
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-13. Block Diagram of µPD780308 Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
P10-P17
P25-P27
P30-P37
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P97
P100-P103
P110-P117
S0-S23
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
78K/0
CPU CORE
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
ROM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
RXD/P114
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
TXD/P113
SCK2/ASCK/P72
SI3/P110
SO3/P111
SCK3/P112
SERIAL
INTERFACE 3
RAM
S24/P97-
S31/P90
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
S32/P87-
S39/P80
LCD
CONTROLLER/
DRIVER
A/D CONVERTER
AVSS
COM0-COM3
AVREF
VLC0-VLC2
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
BIAS
fLCD
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD0, VSS0, IC
VDD1, VSS1, (VPP)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P0308
35
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-13. Functional Outline of µPD780308 Subseries
Item
µPD780306
µPD780308
µPD78P0308
Part Number
Internal
memory
Mask ROM
48K bytes
1024 bytes
1024 bytes
40 × 4 bits
64K bytes
PROM
60K bytes
ROM
Note
60K bytes
High-speed RAM
Expansion RAM
LCD display RAM
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 57
I/O port
• CMOS input: 2
• CMOS I/O : 55
(including pins multiplexed
with segment signal output)
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
• Segment signal output : 40 max.
• Common signal output : 4 max.
LCD controller/driver
• Bias
: 1/2 or 1/3 bias selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode
:
:
:
1 channel
Serial interface
Timer
1 channel
1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Software
Internal: 13, external: 6
Internal: 1
1
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.0 to 5.5 V
Test input
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P0308 only)
Note The capacity of the internal PROM can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
Caution The µPD780308 subseries is under development.
36
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-14. Block Diagram of µPD780308Y Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
P10-P17
P25-P27
P30-P37
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P97
P100-P103
P110-P117
S0-S23
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
78K/0
ROM
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
RxD/P114
CPU CORE
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
TxD/P113
SCK0/SDL/P27
PORT10
PORT11
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
SI3/P110
SO3/P111
SCK3/P112
RAM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 3
S24/P97-
S31/P90
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
S32/P87-
S39/P80
LCD
CONTROLLER/
DRIVER
A/D CONVERTER
AVSS
COM0-COM3
AVREF
V
LC0-VLC2
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
BIAS
f
LCD
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD0, VSS0
,
,
IC
VDD1, VSS1
Remarks 1. The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P0308Y
37
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-14. Functional Outline of µPD780308Y Subseries
Item
µPD780306Y
Mask ROM
µPD780308Y
µPD78P0308Y
Part Number
PROM
ROM
Internal
memory
Note
48K bytes
60K bytes
60K bytes
1024 bytes
1024 bytes
40 × 4 bits
High-speed RAM
Expansion RAM
LCD display RAM
64K bytes
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
Instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
cycle
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 57
I/O port
• CMOS input: 2
• CMOS I/O : 55
(including pins multiplexed
with segment signal output)
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
• Segment signal output : 40 max.
• Common signal output : 4 max.
LCD controller/driver
• Bias
: 1/2 or 1/3 bias selectable
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Serial interface
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 6
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.0 to 5.5 V
Test input
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
• 100-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 20 mm) (µPD78P0308Y only)
Note The capacity of the internal PROM can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
Caution The µPD780308Y subseries is under development.
38
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-15. Block Diagram of µPD78058F Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
RAM
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WR/P65
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
V
SS AVDD AVSS IC
(VPP
)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P058F
39
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-15. Functional Outline of µPD78058F Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD78056F
µPD78058F
µPD78P058F
Part Number
Mask ROM
48K bytes
1024 bytes
32 bytes
None
PROM
Internal
memory
ROM
Note 1
60K bytes
60K bytes
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
Note 2
1024 bytes
1024 bytes
Expansion RAM
64K bytes
Memory space
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
:
:
:
69
2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
63
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 4
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The capacity of the internal PROM can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
40
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-15. Functional Outline of µPD78058F Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD78056F
µPD78058F
µPD78P058F
Part Number
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 7
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
Test input
VDD = 2.7 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin plastic TQFP (fine pitch) (12 × 12 mm) (µPD78058F only)
Note Under planning
41
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-16. Block Diagram of µPD78058FY Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
SERIAL
78K/0
INTERFACE 0
ROM
CPU CORE
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
RAM
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF1
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WR/P65
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
V
SS AVDD AVSS IC
(VPP
)
Remarks 1. The capacities of the internal ROM and RAM differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P058FY
42
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-16. Functional Outline of µPD78058FY Subseries (1/2)
Item
µPD78056FY
Mask ROM
µPD78058FY
µPD78P058FY
Part Number
Internal
memory
PROM
ROM
Note 1
48K bytes
1024 bytes
32 bytes
60K bytes
60K bytes
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
Note 2
None
1024 bytes
1024 bytes
Expansion RAM
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Memory space
General-purpose register
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 69
: 2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 63
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 4
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
1 channel
1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Notes 1. The capacity of the internal PROM can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM capacity can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select
register (IXS).
43
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-16. Functional Outline of µPD78058FY Subseries (2/2)
Item
µPD78056FY
µPD78058FY
µPD78P058FY
Part Number
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 13, external: 7
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
Test input
VDD = 2.7 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Note
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.4 mm)
• 80-pin plastic TQFP (fine pitch)(12 × 12 mm) (µPD78058FY only)
Note Under planning
44
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-17. Block Diagram of µPD78064B Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P05
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT11
P10-P17
P25-P27
P30-P37
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P97
P100-P103
P110-P117
S0-S23
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
RAM
SCK2/ASCK/P72
S24/P97-
S31/P90
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
A/D CONVERTER
S32/P87-
S39/P80
LCD
CONTROLLER/
DRIVER
AVREF
COM0-COM3
INTP0/P00-
INTP5/P05
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
V
LC0-VLC2
BIAS
f
LCD
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
V
SS AVDD AVSS IC
(VPP
)
Remark ( ): µPD78P064B
45
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-17. Functional Outline of µPD78064B Subseries
Item
µPD78064B
µPD78P064B
Part Number
ROM
Mask ROM
32K bytes
PROM
Internal
memory
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
LCD display RAM 40 × 4 bits
Memory space
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 57
(including pins multiplexed • CMOS input: 2
with segment signal output) • CMOS I/O : 55
A/D converter
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
LCD controller/driver
• Segment signal output : 40 max.
• Common signal output : 4 max.
• Bias
: 1/2 or 1/3 bias selectable
Serial interface
Timer
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 12, external: 6
Internal: 1
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.0 to 6.0 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
46
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-18. Block Diagram of µPD78070A
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT6
PORT7
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
P10-P17
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
P20-P27
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
P30-P37
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
P60-P63,P66
P70-P72
78K/0
CPU CORE
RAM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
P90-P96
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/RXD/P70
SO2/TXD/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0-AD7
A0-A15
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD
WR
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
VDD
VSS
IC
47
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-18. Functional Outline of µPD78070A
Part Number
ROM
Functions
Internal
memory
None
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
1024 bytes
32 bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
: 61
: 2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 51
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serail I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Vectored Maskable
Internal: 15, external: 7
Internal: 1
interrupt Non-maskable
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
48
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-19. Block Diagram of µPD78070AY
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT6
PORT7
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
PORT13
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
P10-P17
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
P20-P27
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
P30-P37
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
P60-P63, P66
P70-P72
78K/0
CPU CORE
RAM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
P90-P96
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVDD
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVSS
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
AD0-AD7
A0-A15
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD
WR
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
VSS
IC
49
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-19. Functional Outline of µPD78070AY
Part Number
ROM
Functions
Internal
memory
None
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM
32 bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Minimum With main
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
:
:
:
61
2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
51
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 15, external: 7
Internal: 1
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm)
50
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-20. Block Diagram of µPD78075B Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
RAM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVSS
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
V
DD0, VSS0
,
IC
DD1 SS1
V
Remark The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
51
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-20. Functional Outline of µPD78075B8 Subseries
Item
µPD78074B
µPD78075B
Part Number
ROM
Mask ROM
32K bytes
1024 bytes
32 bytes
Internal
memory
40K bytes
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
Expansion RAM
Memory space
64K bytes
General-purpose register
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
Instruction set
• 16-bit operation
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
:
:
:
88
2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
78
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
Timer output
Clock output
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Internal: 15, external: 7
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
Supply voltage
Package
• 100-pin plastic QFP (fine pitch) (14 × 14 mm, resin thickness 1.45 mm)
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
52
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-21. Block Diagram of µPD78075BY Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT8
PORT9
PORT10
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P80-P87
P90-P96
P100-P103
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 5
TI5/TO5/P100
TI6/TO6/P101
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 6
78K/0
ROM
CPU CORE
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25
SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26
SCK0/SCL/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
RAM
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
SCK2/ASCK/P72
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
AVSS
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A0/P80-
A7/P87
A8/P50-
A15/P57
AVREF0
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVSS
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
AVREF1
RD/P64
WR/P65
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
RESET
X1
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
V
DD0, VSS0
,
IC
DD1
VSS1 (VPP
)
Remark The internal ROM capacity differs depending on the model.
53
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-21. Functional Outline of µPD78075BY Subseries
Item
µPD78074BY
µPD78075BY
Part Number
Internal
memory
ROM
Mask ROM
32K bytes
40K bytes
High-speed RAM 1024 bytes
Buffer RAM
32 bytes
Memory space
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
0.4 µs/0.8 µs/1.6 µs/3.2 µs/6.4 µs/12.8 µs (at 5.0 MHz)
General-purpose register
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem 122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
I/O port
• Total
:
:
:
88
2
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
78
• N-ch open-drain I/O : 8
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
2
• 3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I C bus mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
Timer
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
4 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
5 (14-bit PWM output: 1, 8-bit PWM output: 2)
Timer output
Clock output
19.5 kHz, 39.1 kHz, 78.1 kHz, 156 kHz, 313 kHz, 625 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 5.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
Buzzer output
1.2 kHz, 2.4 kHz, 4.9 kHz, 9.8 kHz (with main system clock of 5.0 MHz)
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
Internal: 15, external: 7
Internal: 1
source
Software
1
Test input
Internal: 1, external: 1
Supply voltage
Package
VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V
• 100-pin plastic QFP (14 × 20 mm, resin thickness 2.7 mm)
Caution The µPD78075BY subseries is under development.
54
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Figure 1-22. Block Diagram of µPD78098B Subseries
TO0/P30
TI00/INTP0/P00
TI01/INTP1/P01
P00
P01-P06
P07
16-bit TIMER/
EVENT COUNTER
PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3
PORT4
PORT5
PORT6
PORT7
PORT12
PORT13
P10-P17
P20-P27
P30-P37
P40-P47
P50-P57
P60-P67
P70-P72
P120-P127
P130, P131
TO1/P31
TI1/P33
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 1
TO2/P32
TI2/P34
8-bit TIMER/EVENT
COUNTER 2
WATCHDOG TIMER
WATCH TIMER
SI0/SB0/P25
SO0/SB1/P26
SCK0/P27
SERIAL
INTERFACE 0
78K/0
CPU CORE
ROM
SI1/P20
SO1/P21
SCK1/P22
STB/P23
SERIAL
INTERFACE 1
BUSY/P24
SI2/R
X
D/P70
D/P71
SERIAL
INTERFACE 2
SO2/T
X
RAM
REAL-TIME
OUTPUT PORT
RTP0/P120-
RTP7/P127
SCK2/ASCK/P72
ANI0/P10-
ANI7/P17
IEBus
CONTROLLER
TX/P124/RTP4
RX/P125/RTP5
A/D CONVERTER
D/A CONVERTER
AVREF1
AD0/P40-
AD7/P47
A8/P50-
A15/P57
ANO0/P130,
ANO1/P131
AVREF0
EXTERNAL
ACCESS
RD/P64
INTP0/P00-
INTP6/P06
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
WR/P65
WAIT/P66
ASTB/P67
BUZZER OUTPUT
BUZ/P36
PCL/P35
RESET
X1
SYSTEM
CONTROL
X2
CLOCK OUTPUT
CONTROL
XT1/P07
XT2
V
DD
V
SS AVDD AVSS IC
(VPP
)
Remarks 1. The internal ROM and RAM capacities differ depending on the model.
2. ( ): µPD78P098B
55
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
Table 1-22. Functional Outline of µPD78098B Subseries
Item
µPD78095B
Mask ROM
µPD78096B
µPD78098B
µPD78P098B
Part Number
ROM
PROM
60K bytes
Internal
memory
Note 1
40K bytes
1024 bytes
32 bytes
48K bytes
60K bytes
High-speed RAM
Buffer RAM
Note 2
None
2048 bytes
2048 bytes
Expansion RAM
64K bytes
8 bits × 8 × 4 banks
Memory space
General-purpose register
0.5 µs/1.0 µs/2.0 µs/4.0 µs/8.0 µs/16.0 (at 6.0 MHz)
Minimum With main
instruction system clock
execution With subsystem
122 µs (at 32.768 kHz)
time
clock
• 16-bit operation
Instruction set
• Multiplication/division (8 bits × 8 bits, 16 bits ÷ 8 bits)
• Bit manipulation (set, reset, test, Boolean operation)
• BCD adjustment, etc.
• Total
: 69
: 2
I/O port
• CMOS input
• CMOS I/O
: 63
• N-ch open-drain I/O: 4
Effective transfer rate: 3.9 kbps/17 kbps/26 kbps
8-bit resolution × 8 channels
IEBus controller
A/D converter
D/A converter
Serial interface
8-bit resolution × 2 channels
• 3-wire serial I/O/SBI/2-wire serial I/O mode selectable
• 3-wire serial I/O mode (with function to automatically transfer/receive up to 32 bytes)
• 3-wire serial I/O/UART mode selectable
:
:
:
1 channel
1 channel
1 channel
• 16-bit timer/event counter : 1 channel
Timer
• 8-bit timer/event counter
• Watch timer
:
:
:
2 channels
1 channel
1 channel
• Watchdog timer
3 (14-bit PWM output: 1)
Timer output
Clock output
15.6 kHz, 31.3 kHz, 62.5 kHz, 125 kHz, 250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 4.0 MHz (with
main system clock of 6.0 MHz), 32.768 kHz (with subsystem clock of 32.768 kHz)
977 Hz, 1.95 kHz, 3.9 kHz, 7.8 kHz (with main system clock of 6.0 MHz)
Buzzer output
Internal: 14, external: 7
Internal: 1
Vectored Maskable
interrupt Non-maskable
1
source
Software
Internal: 1, external: 1
VDD = 2.7 to 6.0 V
Test input
Supply voltage
Package
• 80-pin plastic QFP (14 × 14 mm)
• 80-pin ceramic WQFN (14 × 14 mm) (µPD78P098B only)
Notes 1. The internal PROM capacity can be changed by using a memory size select register (IMS).
2. The internal expansion RAM can be changed by using an internal expansion RAM size select register
(IXS).
Caution The µPD78098B subseries is under planning.
56
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.1 Data Transfer
Data is exchanged by using an address specified by the DE and HL registers as the first address. The number
of bytes of the data to be exchanged is specified by the B register.
Figure 2-1. Data Exchange
Address
Address
DE + B – 1
HL + B – 1
Data exchange
DE
HL
(1) Registers used
A, B, DE, HL
(2) Program list
EXCH:
MOV
XCH
A,[DE]
A,[HL]
A,[DE]
DE
XCH
INCW
INCW
DBNZ
RET
HL
B,$EXCH
57
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.2 Data Comparison
Data is compared by using an address specified by the DE and HL registers as the first address. The number
of bytes of the data to be compared is specified by the B register. If the result of comparison is equal, CY is cleared
to 0; if not, CY is set to 1.
Figure 2-2. Data Comparison
Address
Address
DE + B – 1
HL + B – 1
Data comparison
DE
HL
(1) Registers used
A, B, DE, HL
(2) Program list
COMP:
MOV
A,[DE]
A,[HL]
$ERROR
DE
CMP
BNZ
INCW
INCW
DBNZ
CLR1
BR
HL
B,$COMP
CY
RTN
ERROR:
SET1
RTN:
RET
CY
58
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.3 Decimal Addition
The lowest address for decimal addition is specified by the DE and HL registers, and the number of digits specified
by BYTNUM is added. The result of the addition is stored to an area specified by the HL register. If an overflow or
underflow occurs as a result of the addition, execution branches to error processing. Define the branch address as
‘ERROR’ in the main routine. Also declare it as PUBLIC.
Figure 2-3. Decimal Addition
Address
Address
Address
DE + BYTNUM – 1
HL + BYTNUM – 1
HL + BYTNUM – 1
+
=
DE
HL
HL
(1) Flowchart
BCDADD
C ← number of bytes for
decimal addition
BCDAD2
B ← C – 1
Number of bytes for decimal
addition without sign
Signs of
augend and addend
same?
No
Yes
Decimal addition processing
Decimal subtraction processing
RET
59
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
DADDS
CY ← 0
Sign flag SFLAG ← 0
DADDS1
A ← [DE] + [HL] + CY
Adds augend and addend with CY
Adjusts result to decimal
and stores in memory
DE ← DE + 1, HL ← HL + 1
Increments addend
and augend addresses
B ← B – 1
No
B = 0
Yes
A ← [DE] + [HL] + CY
Adds addend and augend with CY
No
CY = 1
Yes
Sign flag SFLAG ← 1
CY = 0
DADDS3
Result adjusted to decimal?
Yes
CY = 1
No
Yes
A7 = 1
No
ERROR
No
Sign flag SFLAG = 1
Yes
A7 ← 1
DADDS6
Stores A to memory
RET
60
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
DSUBS
Makes subtrahend positive
Sign flag SFLAG ← 0
No
Minuend < 0
Yes
Makes subtrahend positive
Sign flag SFLAG ← 1
DSUBS1
B ← C, CY ← 0
DSUBS2
A ← [DE] – [HL] – CY
Subtracts subtrahend from
minuend with CY
DE ← DE + 1, HL ← HL + 1
Increments subtrahend
and minuend addresses
Adjusts result to decimal
and stores in memory
C ← C – 1
No
C = 0
Yes
No
CY = 1
Yes
Inverts sign flag that takes
10's complement
DSUBS5
Yes
No
Result = 0
No
Sign flag = 1
Yes
Appends negative sign to result
RET
61
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(2) Registers used
AX, BC, DE, HL
(3) Program list
;******************************************************************
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Input parameter
HL register: addend first address
DE register: augend first address
Output parameter
HL register: Operation result first address
;******************************************************************
PUBLIC BCDADD,BCDAD1,BCDAD2
PUBLIC DADDS
PUBLIC DSUBS
EXTRN ERROR
EXTBIT SFLAG
; Error processing branch address
; Sign flag
;
BYTNUM EQU
;
4
; Sets number of digits for operation
CSEG
BCDADD:
MOV
BCDAD1:
MOV
C,#BYTNUM
; Sets number of digits for operation to C register
A,C
B,A
B
MOV
DEC
BCDAD2:
MOV
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
AX,DE
AX,HL
AX,DE
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
AX,HL
; Loads MSB (sign data) of augend
; Loads MSB (sign data) of augend
XCHW
XCHW
XCHW
XOR
XCHW
XCHW
XCHW
AX,DE
AX,HL
BT
CALL
RET
A.7,$BCDAD3
!DADDS
; Signs coincide? ELSE subtraction processing
; THEN addition processing
BCDAD3:
CALL
!DSUBS
RET
62
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
;=============================================================
;
***** 10 Decimal addition *****
;=============================================================
DADDS:
CLR1
CLR1
CY
SFLAG
DADDS1:
MOV
A,[DE]
A,[HL]
; Starts addition from lowest digit
ADDC
ADJBA
MOV
INCW
INCW
DBNZ
[HL],A
HL
DE
B,$DADDS1
; End of addition (number of digits for operation – 1)
MOV
ADDC
A,[DE]
A,[HL]
DADDS2:
DADDS3:
BNC
SET1
CLR1
$DADDS3
SFLAG
CY
; Negative addition
; THEN sets negative status
ADJBA
BNC
BR
$DADDS4
ERROR
DADDS4:
DADDS5:
DADDS6:
BF
BR
A.7,$DADDS5
ERROR
BF
SET1
SFLAG,$DADDS6
A.7
; Sets sign
MOV
RET
[HL],A
63
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
;================================================================
;
***** 10 Decimal subtraction *****
;================================================================
DSUBS:
PUSH
CLR1
MOV
CLR1
MOV
XCHW
XCHW
XCHW
MOV
HL
SFLAG
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
A.7
[HL+BYTNUM–1],A
AX,DE
; Sets subtrahend as positive value
AX,HL
AX,DE
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
A.7,$DSUBS1
A.7
[HL+BYTNUM–1],A
SFLAG
BF
CLR1
MOV
; Minuend is negative
; THEN sets minuend as positive value
SET1
; Sets sign as negative
DSUBS1:
DSUBS2:
XCHW
XCHW
XCHW
MOV
MOV
CLR1
AX,HL
AX,DE
AX,HL
A,C
B,A
CY
MOV
A,[DE]
A,[HL]
SUBC
ADJBS
MOV
INCW
INCW
DBNZ
[HL],A
HL
DE
C,$DSUBS2
; End of subtraction of number of digits for operation
; THEN subtrahend > minuend
BNC
POP
PUSH
MOV
MOV
$DSUBS5
HL
HL
A,B
C,A
DSUBS3:
MOV
SUB
A,#99H
A,[HL]
; Complement operation of result of subtraction
;
(result of subtraction – 99H)
ADJBS
MOV
INCW
DBNZ
[HL],A
HL
C,$DSUBS3
POP
PUSH
SET1
HL
HL
CY
MOV
MOV
A,B
C,A
DSUBS4:
MOV
A,#0
; Adds 1 to result of complement operation
ADDC
ADJBA
A,[HL]
64
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
MOV
[HL],A
HL
C,$DSUBS4
CY,SFLAG
CY
INCW
DBNZ
MOV1
NOT1
MOV1
SFLAG,CY
;======================================================
***** 0 check of operation result *****
;
;======================================================
DSUBS5:
MOV
MOV
POP
PUSH
MOV
A,B
C,A
HL
HL
A,#0
DSUBS6:
DSUBS7:
DSUBS8:
CMP
INCW
BNZ
DBNZ
POP
RET
A,[HL]
HL
$DSUBS7
C,$DSUBS6
HL
; 0 check from lowest digit
; 0 check of all digits completed
; THEN result of subtraction = 0
BF
SFLAG,$DSUBS8
HL
HL
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
A.7
[HL+BYTNUM–1],A
; Result of subtraction is negative
; THEN sets sign
POP
PUSH
MOV
SET1
MOV
POP
RET
HL
65
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.4 Decimal Subtraction
The lowest address for decimal subtraction is specified by the DE and HL registers, and the number of digits
specified by BYTNUM is subtracted. The result of the subtraction is stored to an area specified by the HL register.
If an overflow or underflow occurs as a result of the subtraction, execution branches to error processing. Define the
branch address as ‘ERROR’ in the main routine. Also declare it as PUBLIC.
This program replaces minuend and subtrahend with augend and addend, and calls a program of decimal addition.
Figure 2-4. Decimal Subtraction
Address
Address
Address
DE + BYTNUM – 1
HL + BYTNUM – 1
HL + BYTNUM – 1
–
=
DE
HL
HL
(1) Flowchart
BCDSUB
C ← number of bytes for
decimal subtraction
Inverts sign bit of subtrahend
Decimal addition with
subtrahend and minuend as
addend and augend
RET
(2) Registers used
AX, BC, DE, HL
66
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(3) Program list
;******************************************************************
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Input parameter
HL register: subtrahend first address
DE register: minuend first address
Output parameter
HL register: Operation result first address
;******************************************************************
PUBLIC BYTNUM
PUBLIC BCDSUB
EXTRN BCDADD,BCDAD2
;
BYTNUM EQU
;
4
; Sets number of digits for operation
CSEG
BCDSUB:
MOV
C,#BYTNUM
; Sets number of digits for operation to C register
BCDSU1:
MOV
A,C
B,A
B
MOV
DEC
MOV
A,[HL+BYTNUM–1]
CY,A.7
CY
A.7,CY
[HL+BYTNUM–1],A
!BCDAD2
; Sets MSB (sign data) of subtrahend for addition
; Inverts sign data
MOV1
NOT1
MOV1
MOV
CALL
RET
; Calls decimal addition processing
67
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.5 Binary-to-Decimal Conversion
Binary data of 16 bits in data memory is converted into 5-digit decimal data and stored in data memory. Binary
data of 16 bits is divided by decimal 10 by the number of times equal to the number of digits (4 times), and conversion
is carried out with the result of the operation and the value of the remainder at that time.
Figure 2-5. Binary-to-Decimal Conversion
Low
High
Low
0
High
×
×
×
×
×
0
×
0
×
0
×
0
×
Binary 16 bits (2 bytes)
Decimal 5 digits (5 bytes)
Example To convert FFH into decimal number
Low
F
High
0
Low
High
0
F
0
0
5
0
5
0
2
0
0
0
Binary 16 bits (2 bytes)
Decimal 5 digits (5 bytes)
(1) Registers used
AX, BC, HL
68
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(2) Program list
PUBLIC B_DCONV
DATDEC EQU
10
DSEG
REGA: DS
REGB: DS
SADDRP
2
5
; Stores binary 16-bit data
; Stores decimal 5-digit data
COLNUM EQU
4
B_DCONV:
MOVW
MOV
MOVW
AX,REGA
B,#COLNUM
HL,#REGB
B_D1:
MOV
DIVUW
XCH
C,#DATDEC
C
A,C
MOV
INCW
XCH
[HL],A
HL
A,C
DBNZ
MOV
B,$B_D1
A,X
MOV
[HL],A
RET
69
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.6 Bit Manipulation Instruction
A 1 bit of a flag in the data memory is ANDed with the bit 4 of port 6, and the result is ANDed with the bit 5 of
port 6 and is output to the bit 6 of port 6.
Figure 2-6. Bit Operation
FLG
PORT6.4
PORT6.6
PORT6.5
(1) Program list
PUBLIC BIT_OP,FLG
BSEG
FLG
DBIT
BIT_OP:
MOV1
AND1
OR1
CY,FLG
CY,P6.4
CY,P6.5
P6.6,CY
MOV1
RET
70
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.7 Binary Multiplication (16 bits × 16 bits)
Data in a multiplicand area (HIKAKE; 16 bits) and multiplier area (KAKE; 16 bits) are multiplied, and the result
is stored in an operation result storage area (KOTAE).
Figure 2-7. Binary Multiplication
HIKAKE + 1 HIKAKE
Multiplicand area (2 bytes)
×
KAKE + 1
KAKE
Multiplier area (2 bytes)
KOTAE + 3
KOTAE
Operation result storage area (4 bytes)
<Processing contents>
Multiplication is performed by adding the multiplicand by the number of bits of the multiplier that are “1”.
71
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
<Contents used>
Set the data in the multiplicand (HIKAKE) and multiplier (KAKE) areas, and call subroutine S_KAKERU.
EXTRN S_KAKERU
EXTRN HIKAKE,KAKE,KOTAE
MAIN:
; Multiplier
·
·
HIKAKE=WORKA (A)
HIKAKE+1=WORKA+1 (A)
KAKE=WORKB (A)
KAKE+1=WORKB+1 (A)
; Stores multiplicand data to multiplicand area
;
; Stores multiplier data to multiplier area
;
CALL
!S_KAKERU
; Calls multiplication routine
HL=#KOTAE
; HL ← RAM address of operation result storage area
; Stores result by indirect address transfer
·
·
·
Caution Manipulate the data memory in 8-bit units.
72
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(1) Input/output condition
• Input parameter
HIKAKE
: Store the multiplicand data in this area.
KAKE : Store the multiplier data in this area.
• Output parameter
KOTAE : Store the result of the operation in this area.
(2) SPD chart
[Multiplication subroutine]
S_KAKERU
Initializes operation result storage area
WORK1 ← multiplier (low)
for (B = #0 ; B < #16 ; B + +)
if (B = #8)
THEN
WORK1 ← multiplier (high)
Shifts WORK1 1 bit to left
if_bit (CY = #1)
THEN
Adds multiplicand to operation result storage area
if (B ≠ #15)
THEN
Shifts operation result storage area 1 bit to left
(3) Registers used
A, B
73
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(4) Program list
$PC(054)
;
PUBLIC HIKAKE,S_KAKERU,KAKE,KOTAE
;
;************************************************
;
RAM definition
;************************************************
DSEG
DS
DS
DS
DS
SADDR
HIKAKE:
KAKE:
WORK1:
KOTAE:
;
2
2
1
4
; Multiplicand area
; Multiplier area
; Work area
; Operation result storage area
;************************************************
Multiplication
;
;************************************************
CSEG
S_KAKERU:
;
;
WORK1=KAKE+1 (A)
KOTAE=#0
; Stores multiplier (low) in work area
; Initializes operation result storage area
KOTAE+1=#0
;
KOTAE+2=#0
;
KOTAE+3=#0
;
for(B=#0;B<#16;B++)(A)
if(B == #8)(A)
WORK1=KAKE (A)
endif
; Stores higher multiplier in work area
; if low multiplication is completed
;
;
A=WORK1
; Shifts multiplier 1 bit to left
CLR1
CY
;
ROLC
A,1
;
WORK1=A
;
if_bit(CY)
KOTAE+=HIKAKE (A)
; Adds multiplicand to operation
;
;
;
;
;
;
result storage area if carry occurs
(KOTAE+1)+=HIKAKE+1,CY (A)
(KOTAE+2)+=#0,CY (A)
(KOTAE+3)+=#0,CY (A)
endif
if(B != #15) (A)
KOTAE+=KOTAE (A)
; Shifts operation result storage area 1 bit to left
KOTAE+1+=KOTAE+1,CY (A)
KOTAE+2+=KOTAE+2,CY (A)
KOTAE+3+=KOTAE+3,CY (A)
endif
;
;
;
;
;
;
next
RET
END
74
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
2.8 Binary Division (32 bits ÷ 16 bits)
Data in a dividend area (HIWARU; 32 bits) is divided by data in a divisor area (WARUM; 16 bits), and the result
is stored in an operation result storage area (KOTAE). If a remainder is generated, it is stored in a calculation result
reminder area (AMARI).
If division is executed with the divisor being 0, an error occurs.
Figure 2-8. Binary Division
HIWARU + 3
HIWARU
Dividend storage area (4 bytes)
Divisor area (2 bytes)
÷
WARUM + 1 WARUM
KOTAE + 3
KOTAE
Operation result storage area (4 bytes)
AMARI + 1 AMARI
Calculation result remainder area (2 bytes)
<Processing contents>
The dividend is shifted to the left to the work area starting from the highest digit. If the contents of the work
area are greater than the divisor, the divisor is subtracted from the work area, and the least significant bit of
the dividend is set to 1. In this way, division is carried out by executing the program by the number of bits of
the dividend.
If the divisor is 0, an error flag (F_ERR) is set.
75
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
<Usage>
Set data in the dividend area (HIWARU) and divisor area (WARUM), and call subroutine S_WARU.
EXTRN S_WARU
EXTRN HIWARU,WARUM,KOTAE
EXBIT F_ERR
MAIN:
·
;
·
;
HIWARU=WORKA (A)
HIWARU+1=WORKA+1 (A)
WARUM=WORKB (A)
WARUM+1=WORKB+1 (A)
; Stores dividend data to dividend area
;
; Stores divisor data to divisor area
;
CALL
!S_WARU
; Calls division calculation routine
HL=#KOTAE
; HL ← stores RAM address of operation result storage area
·
·
;
;
;
if_bit(F_ERR)
Calculation error processing ;
endif
;
·
·
·
Caution Manipulate the data memory in 8-bit units.
76
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(1) Input/output conditions
• Input parameter
HIWARU: Store the dividend data in this area.
WARUM : Store the divisor data in this area.
• Output parameter
KOTAE : Store the result of the calculation in this area.
(2) SPD chart
[Division subroutine]
S_WARU
Clears operation error flag
Initializes operation result storage area and calculation result remainder area
if (divisor = #0)
THEN
Sets operation error flag
if_bit (operation error flag = #0)
THEN
for (B = #0 ; B < #32 ; B + +)
Shifts dividend and calculation result remainder I bit to left at same time
if (calculation result remainder divisor)
THEN
Calculation result remainder ← calculation result remainder - divisor
Dividend ← dividend OR #1
Operation result storage area ← dividend area
(3) Registers used
A, B
77
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE
(4) Program list
$PC(054)
;
PUBLICS_WARU,HIWARU,WARUM,F_ERR
EXTRN KOTAE
;
;************************************************
;
RAM definition
;************************************************
DSEG
DS
DS
SADDR
; Dividend area
HIWARU:
WARUM:
AMARI:
4
2
2
; Divisor area
; Calculation result remainder storage area
DS
BSEG
DBIT
; Operation error flag
F_ERR
;************************************************
Division
;
;************************************************
;
CSEG
;
S_WARU:
; Clears operation error flag
CLR1
F_ERR
; Clears calculation result storage area to 0
;
AMARI=#0
AMARI+1=#0
KOTAE=#0
KOTAE+1=#0
KOTAE+2=#0
KOTAE+3=#0
; Clears operation result storage area to 0
;
;
;
; Divisor = 0?
;
if(WARUM == #0)
if(WARUM+1 == #0)
SET1 F_ERR
endif
endif
if_bit(!F_ERR)
; Sets operation error flag if divisor is 0
;
;
; Operation error?
; Starts 32-bit division
; Shifts dividend and remainder 1 bit to left
for(B=#0;B < #32;B++) (A)
HIWARU+=HIWARU (A)
;
HIWARU+1+=HIWARU+1,CY (A)
HIWARU+2+=HIWARU+2,CY (A)
HIWARU+3+=HIWARU+3,CY (A)
AMARI+=AMARI,CY (A)
;
;
;
;
AMARI+1+=AMARI+1,CY (A)
;
; Remainder ≥ divisor?
if(AMARI+1 > WARUM+1) (A)
AMARI–=WARUM (A)
AMARI+1–=WARUM+1,CY (A)
HIWARU |= #1
;
;
Remainder = remainder – divisor
; Stores 1 to first bit of dividend area
;
elseif_bit(Z)
;
if(AMARI >= WARUM) (A)
AMARI–=WARUM(A)
AMARI+1–=WARUM+1,CY (A)
HIWARU |= #1
;
;
;
;
endif
;
endif
;
next
; Stores operation result
KOTAE=HIWARU (A)
KOTAE+1=HIWARU+1 (A)
KOTAE+2=HIWARU+2 (A)
KOTAE+3=HIWARU+3 (A)
;
;
;
;
;
endif
RET
END
78
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
The 78K/0 series allows you to select a CPU clock and controls the operation of the oscillator by rewriting the
contents of the processor clock control register (PCC), oscillation mode select register (OSMS), and clock select
registers 1 and 2 (IECL1 and IECL2).
When the CPU clock is changed, the time shown in Table 3-1 is required since the contents of the PCC have been
rewritten until the CPU clock is actually changed. It is therefore not apparent for a while after the contents of the
PCC have been rewritten, whether the processor operates on the new or old clock. To stop the main system clock
or execute the STOP instruction, therefore, the wait time shown in Table 3-1 is necessary.
Caution IECL1 and IECL2 are provided to the µPD78098, 78098B subseries only.
79
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Table 3-1. Maximum Time Required for Changing CPU Clock
Set Value before Change
Set Value after Change
MCS CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
×
×
0
0
1
1
0
×
×
0
1
0
1
0
×
×
8 instructions
4 instructions
2 instructions
2 instructions
2 instructions
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
1 instruction
16 instructions
4 instructions
16 instructions 8 instructions
16 instructions 8 instructions
16 instructions 8 instructions
4 instructions
4 instructions
2 instructions
f
X
/2fXT instructions
f
X
/4fXT instructions
fX/8fXT instructions fX/16fXT instructions fX/32fXT instructions
(77 instructions) (39 instructions) (20 instructions) (10 instructions) (5 instructions)
f
X
/4XT instructions
fX/8fXT instructions fX/16fXT instructions fX/32fXT instructions fX/64fXT instructions
(39 instructions) (20 instructions) (10 instructions) (5 instructions) (3 instructions)
Caution Do not select dividing the CPU clock (PCC0-PCC2) and changing from the main system clock to
subsystem clock (by setting CSS to 0 → 1) at the same time.
However, dividing the CPU clock (PCC0-PCC2) can be selected at the same time as changing from
the subsystem clock to the main system clock.
Remarks 1. One instruction is the minimum instruction execution time of the CPU clock before change.
2. ( ): f = 5.0 MHz, fXT = 32.768 kHz
X
80
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-1. Format of Processor Clock Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FFFBH
At reset
04H
R/W
PCC MCC FRC
CLS
CSS
PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
R/WNote1
R/W CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
Selects CPU clock (fCPU)
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
fXX
fX
fX/2
2
3
4
5
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXT/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
2
3
4
2
3
4
1
Others
Setting prohibited
R
CLS
0
Status of CPU clock
Main system clock
Subsystem clock
1
R/W FRC
Selects feedback resistor of subsystem clock
0
1
Uses internal feedback resistor
Does not use internal feedback resistor
Note 2
R/W MCC
Controls oscillation of main system clock
0
1
Enables oscillation
Stops oscillation
Notes 1. Bit 5 is a read-only bit.
2. Use MCC to stop the oscillation of the main system clock when the CPU operates on the subsystem
clock. Do not use the STOP instruction.
Caution Be sure to clear bit 3 to 0.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
81
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-2. Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD78083 subseries)
Symbol
PCC
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FFFBH
At reset
04H
R/W
R/W
PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
Selects CPU clock (fCPU)
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
fXX
fX
fX/2
2
0
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
2
3
4
2
3
4
3
0
fX/2
4
0
fX/2
5
1
fX/2
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Be sure to clear bits 3 through 7 to 0.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
82
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-3. Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FFFBH
At reset
04H
R/W
PCC MCC FRC
CLS
CSS
PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
R/WNote 1
R/W CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
Selects CPU clock (fCPU)
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
fXX
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXT/2
2
3
4
1
Others
Setting prohibited
R
CLS
0
Status of CPU clock
Main system clock
Subsystem clock
1
R/W FRC
Selects feedback resistor of subsystem clock
0
1
Uses internal feedback resistor
Does not use internal feedback resistor
Note 2
R/W MCC
Controls oscillation of main system clock
0
1
Enables oscillation
Stops oscillation
Notes 1. Bit 5 is a read-only bit.
2. Use MCC to stop the oscillation of the main system clock when the CPU operates on the subsystem
clock. Do not use the STOP instruction.
Caution Be sure to clear bit 3 to 0.
Remarks 1. fXX: main system clock frequency
2. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
83
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-4. Format of Processor Clock Control Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FFFBH
At reset
04H
R/W
PCC MCC FRC
CLS
CSS
PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
R/WNote 1
R/W CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
Selects CPU clock (fCPU)
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
fXX
fX
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXT/2
fX/2
2
3
4
2
fX/2
3
fX/2
4
fX/2
1
Others
Setting prohibited
R
CLS
0
Status of CPU clock
Main system clock
Subsystem clock
1
R/W FRC
Selects feedback resistor of subsystem clock
0
1
Uses internal feedback resistor
Does not use internal feedback resistor
Note 2
R/W MCC
Controls oscillation of main system clock
0
1
Enables oscillation
Stops oscillation
Notes 1. Bit 5 is a read-only bit.
2. Use MCC to stop the oscillation of the main system clock when the CPU operates on the subsystem
clock. Do not use the STOP instruction.
Caution Be sure to clear bit 3 to 0.
Remarks 1. fXX: main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
84
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-5. Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
OSMS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
Address
FFF2H
At reset
00H
R/W
W
MCS
MCS Controls divider circuit of main system clock
0
1
Uses divider circuit
Does not use divider circuit
Cautions 1. When an instruction that writes a value to the OSMS is executed (including when the
instruction is executed to write the same value), the main system clock cycle is extended up
to 2/fX only during the execution of the write instruction.
Consequently, a temporary error of the count clock cycle of the peripheral hardware units that
operate on the main system clock, such as timers, occurs.
When the oscillation mode is changed, the clock supplied to the peripheral hardware, as well
as the clock supplied to the CPU, is changed.
It is therefore recommended that you execute the instruction to write the OSMS only once after
the reset signal has been deasserted, and before the peripheral hardware operates.
2. Set 1 to MCS after VDD has risen to 2.7 V or more.
Figure 3-6. Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
OSMS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
Address
FFF2H
At reset
00H
R/W
W
MCS
Controls divider circuit of main system clock (divider
circuit 1)
MCS
0
1
Uses 1/2 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Does not use 1/2 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Caution When an instruction that writes a value to the OSMS is executed (including when the instruction
is executed to write the same value), the main system clock cycle is extended up to 2/fX only during
the execution of the write instruction.
Consequently, `rary error of the count clock cycle of the peripheral hardware units that operate
on the main system clock, such as timers, occurs.
When the oscillation mode is changed, the clock supplied to the peripheral hardware, as well as
the clock supplied to the CPU, is changed.
It is therefore recommended that you execute the instruction to write the OSMS only once after
the reset signal has been deasserted, and before the peripheral hardware operates.
85
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-7. Format of Oscillation Mode Select Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
OSMS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
Address
FFF2H
At reset
00H
R/W
W
MCS
MCS Controls divider circuit of main system clock
0
1
Setting prohibited
Does not use divider circuit
Cautions 1. When an instruction that writes a value to the OSMS is executed (including when the
instruction is executed to write the same value), the main system clock cycle is extended up
to 2/fX only during the execution of the write instruction.
Consequently, a temporary error of the count clock cycle of the peripheral hardware units that
operate on the main system clock, such as timers, occurs.
2. Setting MCS to 0 is prohibited. On RESET input, however, OSMS is reset to 00H. Therefore,
be sure to set MCS to 1 at the start of a program or after clearing reset.
Figure 3-8. Format of Clock Select Register 1 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
IECL1
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
F8E0H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
IECL11 IECL10
Controls divider circuit of main system clock (divider
circuit 1)
IECL10
0
1
Uses 2/3 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Does not use 2/3 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Controls divider circuit of main system clock (divider
circuit 2)
IECL11
0
1
Uses 1/2 divider circuit in divider circuit 2
Does not use1/2 divider circuit in divider circuit 2
Caution Be sure to clear bits 2 through 7 to 0.
Figure 3-9. Format of Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
IECL2
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
Address
F8E1H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
IECL20
Controls divider circuit of main system clock (divider
circuit 1)
IECL20
0
1
Uses 1/3 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Does not use 1/3 divider circuit in divider circuit 1
Caution Be sure to clear bits 1 through 7 to 0.
86
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
The fastest instruction is executed in two CPU clocks. Therefore, the relation between the CPU clock (fCPU) and
minimum instruction execution time is as shown in Tables 3-2 and 3-3.
Table 3-2. Relation between CPU Clock and Minimum Instruction Execution Time
(other than µPD78098 and 78098B subseries)
CPU Clock (fCPU)
Minimum Instruction Execution Time: 2/fCPU
fX
0.4 µs
0.8 µs
1.6 µs
3.2 µs
6.4 µs
12.8 µs
122 µs
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
fX/2
2
3
4
5Note 1
fXTNote 2
Notes 1. Except µPD780018 and 780018Y subseries
2. Except µPD78083 subseries
Remark fX = 5.0 MHz, fXT = 32.768 kHz
fX : Main system clock oscillation frequency
fXT: Subsystem clock oscillation frequency
87
Table 3-3. CPU Clock (fCPU) List (µPD78098 and 78098B Subseries)
Selects CPU clock (fCPU)
CSS PCC2 PCC1 PCC0
MCS
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
IECL20
IECL10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
fXX
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
fX
2fX/3
fX/3
2fX/9
(0.67 µs)
(1.00 µs)
(2.00 µs)
(3.00 µs)
(Setting prohibited)
(0.50 µs)
(1.00 µs)
(1.50 µs)
2
2
2
2
fXX/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
(1.33 µs)
(2.00 µs)
(4.00 µs)
(6.00 µs)
(0.67 µs)
(1.00 µs)
(2.00 µs)
(3.00 µs)
2
3
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
(2.67 µs)
(4.00 µs)
(8.00 µs)
(12.0 µs)
(1.33 µs)
(2.00 µs)
(4.00 µs)
(6.00 µs)
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
(5.33 µs)
(8.00 µs)
(16.0 µs)
(24.0 µs)
(2.67 µs)
(4.00 µs)
(8.00 µs)
(12.0 µs)
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
fX/2
(2fX/3)/2
(fX/3)/2
(2fX/9)/2
(10.7 µs)
(16.0 µs)
(32.0 µs)
(48.0 µs)
(5.33 µs)
(8.00 µs)
(16.0 µs)
(24.0 µs)
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
fXT/2(122 µs)
Others
Setting prohibited
Remarks 1. fX : Main system clock oscillation frequency
2. fXX : Main system clock frequency
3. fXT : Subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. ( ) : Minimum instruction execution time with fX = 6.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz: 2/fCPU
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
3.1 Changing PCC Immediately after RESET
When the RESET signal is asserted, the slowest mode (processor clock control register: PCC = 04H, oscillation
mode select register: OSMS = 00H) of the main system clock is selected for the CPU clock. To set the highest speed
of the CPU clock, therefore, the contents of the PCC must be rewritten (PCC = 00H, OSMS = 01H). To use the fasted
mode, however, the voltage on the VDD pin has to have risen to a sufficient level and be stable.
In the following example, the CPU waits until the VDD pin voltage has risen to the sufficient level by using the watch
timer (the interval time is set to 3.91 ms). After that, the CPU operates on the fastest clock.
Figure 3-10. Example of Selecting CPU Clock after RESET (with µPD78054 subseries)
ON
Commercial
power source
OFF
4.5 V
VDD pin voltage
2.0 V
H
RESET signal
L
Wait status
31.3 ms
(217/f
: at 4.19 MHz)
15.28
µ
s
0.48 µs
CPU clock wait time
3.9 ms
X
RESET signal is deasserted
10 s after VDD pin voltage
V
DD pin voltage has risen
µ
to 4.5 V or more before
has risen to 2.0 V or more.
CPU clock oscillation starts.
contents of PCC are changed.
89
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
(1) SPD chart
Sets watch timer to 3.91 ms
WHILE: No watch timer interrupt request ( ! TMIF3)
Clears TMIF3
Sets PCC in fastest mode
(2) Program list
;**************************************
;* Sets wait time
;**************************************
TCL2=#00010000B
TMC2=#00110110B
while_bit(!TMIF3)
endw
; Sets watch timer to 3.91 ms
; 3.91 ms?
CLR1
WTIF
OSMS=#00000001B
PCC=#00000000B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Sets CPU clock in fastest mode
90
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
3.2 Selecting Power ON/OFF
The 78K/0 series can operate in an ultra low current consumption mode by using the processor clock control register
(PCC) and selecting the subsystem clock. By providing a backup power supply such as a Ni-Cd battery or super
capacitor to the system, therefore, the system can continue operating even if a power failure occurs.
In this example, a power failure is detected by using INTP1 (both the rising and falling edges are selected as the
edge to be detected), and the contents of the PCC are changed depending on the port level at that time. Figure 3-
11 shows a circuit example, and Figure 3-12 shows the system clock changing timing.
Figure 3-11. Example of System Clock Changing Circuit
+ 5.6V
+
VDD
VSS
INTP1/TI01/P01
µ
PD78054
91
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
Figure 3-12. Example of Changing System Clock on Power Failure (µPD78054 subseries)
6.0 (V)
V
DD pin voltage
4.5 (V)
2.0 (V)
ON
Commercial
power source
OFF
H
P01/INTP1 pin
System clock
L
Interrupt request occurs
Interrupt request occurs
Main
Main
system
clock
system
clock
Subsystem clock
Waits until VDD rises to 4.5 V or more
92
CHAPTER 3 APPLICATION OF SYSTEM CLOCK SELECTION
(1) SPD chart
INTP1
IF: power off (P01 = low level)
THEN
Sets CPU clock in slowest mode
User processing
ELSE
Sets CPU clock in fastest mode
User processing
(2) Program list
VEP0
CSEG
DW
AT 08H
INTP1
; Sets vector address of INTP1
; Both edge detection mode
MOV
CLR1
EI
INTM0,#00110000B
PMK1
;*****************************************
;* Sets low-/high-speed mode
;*****************************************
INTP1:
if_bit(!P0.1)
;
;
Setting of internal hardware (low speed)
User processing
PCC=#10010000B
else
; Sets low-speed mode
;
;
Sets internal hardware (high speed)
User processing
PCC=#00000000B
; Sets high-speed mode
endif
RETI
93
[MEMO]
94
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
The watchdog timer of the 78K/0 series has two modes: watchdog timer mode in which a hang-up of the
microcontroller is detected, and interval timer mode.
The watchdog timer is set by using timer clock select register 2 (TCL2) and watchdog timer mode register (WDTM).
95
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
Figure 4-1. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2
(µPD78054 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
12
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
7
7
8
0
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fXT (32.768 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
9
10
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
10
10
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
11
11
12
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution To change the data of TCL2 except when writing the same data, once stop the timer operation.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. × : don’t care
: main system clock oscillation frequency
5. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
6. ( ) : fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
96
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
Figure 4-2. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78083 subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
12
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
9
10
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
10
10
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
11
11
12
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Cautions 1. To change the data of TCL2 except when writing the same data, once stop the timer operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 3 and 4 to 0.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
3. ×
: main system clock oscillation frequency
: don’t care
4. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
5. ( ) : fX = 5.0 MHz
97
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
Figure 4-3. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
9
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
11
fXX/2 (2.0 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
7
0
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
fXT (32.768 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
10
fXX/2 (3.9 kHz)
11
fXX/2 (1.95 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution To change the data of TCL2 except when writing the same data, once stop the timer operation.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
3. × : don’t care
4. ( ) : fXX = 4.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
98
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
Figure 4-4. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
3
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
4
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
5
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
6
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
7
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
8
8
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
9
9
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
11
11
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
7
7
0
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fXT (32.768 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
9
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
10
10
fXX/2
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution To change the data of TCL2 except when writing the same data, once stop the timer operation.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. × : don’t care
5. ( ): fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
99
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
Figure 4-5. Format of Watchdog Timer Mode Register
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
Address
FFF9H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
WDTM RUN
WDTM4 WDTM3
WDTM4 WDTM3 Selects operation mode of watchdog timeNote 1
0
1
1
×
0
1
Interval timer modeNote 2 (maskable interrupt
request occurs when overflow occurs)
Watchdog timer mode (non-maskable
interrupt request occurs when overflow occurs)
Watchdog timer mode 2 (reset operation
starts when overflow occurs)
RUN Selects watchdog timer operationNote 3
0
1
Stops counting
Clears counter and starts counting
Notes 1. Once WDTM3 and WDTM4 have been set to 1, they cannot be cleared to 0 by software.
2. When RUN is set to 1, the WDTM starts interval timer operation.
3. Once RUN has been set to 1, it cannot be cleared to 0 by software. Therefore, when counting has been
started, it cannot be stopped by any means other than the RESET signal.
Caution 1. When RUN is set to 1 and the watchdog timer is cleared, the actual overflow time is up to 0.5%
shorter than the time set by the timer clock select register 2.
2. When using the watchdog timer modes 1 and 2, confirm that the interrupt request flag (TMIF4)
is 0 and then set WDTM4 to 1. If WDTM4 is set to 1 while TMIF4 is 1, the non-maskable interrupt
occurs regardless of the contents of WDTM3.
100
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
4.1 Setting Watchdog Timer Mode
Reset processing or non-maskable interrupt processing is performed after the watchdog timer has detected a hang-
up. You can select which processing is to be performed by the watchdog timer mode register (WDTM). When the
watchdog timer mode is used, the timer must be cleared at intervals shorter than the set hang-up detection time. If
the timer is not cleared, an overflow occurs, and reset or interrupt processing is executed.
The hang-up detection time of the watchdog timer is set by the timer clock select register 2 (TCL2).
In the following example, the hang-up detection time is set to 7.81 ms and the reset processing is performed when
an overflow occurs.
(1) SPD chart
Sets hang-up detection time of watchdog timer to 7.81 ms
Sets watchdog timer in reset start mode
User processing 1
Clears watchdog timer
User processing 2
Clears watchdog timer
User processing 3
Clears watchdog timer
101
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
(2) Program list
;*************************************
;* Sets watchdog timer
;*************************************
OSMS=#00000001B
TCL2=#00000100B
WDTM=#10011000B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Sets watchdog timer to 7.81 ms
; Sets reset start mode
;
;
;
User processing 1
SET1
User processing 2
SET1 RUN
User processing 3
SET1 RUN
RUN
; Clears timer
; Clears timer
; Clears timer
102
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATIONS OF WATCHDOG TIMER
4.2 Setting Interval Timer Mode
When the interval timer mode is used, the interval time is set by the timer clock select register 2 (TCL2) (interval
time = 0.488 ms to 125 ms, at fX = 4.19 MHz). In this mode, an interrupt request flag (TMIF4) is set when an overflow
occurs in the timer.
In the following example, three types of times, 0.977 ms, 7.82 ms, and 125 ms, are set.
Figure 4-6. Count Timing of Watchdog Timer
Timer count
INTWDT
FC
FD
FE
FF
00
01
02
03
FD
FE
FF
00
(1) Program list
<1> To set 0.977 ms
TCL2=#00000001B
WDTM=#10001000B
; Sets 0.977 ms
; Selects interval timer mode
<2> To set 7.82 ms
TCL2=#00000100B
WDTM=#10001000B
; Sets 7.82 ms
; Selects interval timer mode
<3> To set 125 ms
TCL2=#00000111B
WDTM=#10001000B
; Sets 125 ms
; Selects interval timer mode
Remark The above interval time is the value when OSMS = 01H.
103
[MEMO]
104
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
The 16-bit timer/event counter of the 78K/0 series has the following six functions:
• Interval timer
• PWM output
• Pulse width measurement
• External event counter
• Square wave output
• One-shot pulse output
The 16-bit timer/event counter is set by the following registers:
• Timer clock select register 0 (TCL0)
• 16-bit timer mode control register (TMC0)
• Capture/compare control register 0 (CRC0)
• 16-bit timer output control register (TOC0)
• Port mode register 3 (PM3)
• External interrupt mode register (INTM0)
• Sampling clock select register (SCS)
105
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-1. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF40H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL0 CLOE TCL06 TCL05 TCL04 TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
Selects clock of PCL output
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
fXT (32.768 kHz)
0
fXX
fX (5.0 MHz)
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
2
3
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
3
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL06 TCL05 TCL04
Selects count clock of 16-bit timer register
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
TI00 (valid edge can be specified)
0
2fXX
fXX
Setting prohibited
fX (5.0 MHz)
0
fX (5.0 MHz)
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
0
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
2
3
1
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
1
Watch timer output (INTTM3)
Setting prohibited
Others
CLOE
Controls PCL output
0
1
Disables output
Enables output
Cautions 1. The valid edge of the TI00/INTP0 pin is specified by the external interrupt mode register 0
(INTM0). The frequency of the sampling clock is selected by the sampling clock select register
(SCS).
2. To enable PCL output, set TCL00 through TCL03, and then set CLOE to 1 by using a 1-bit
memory manipulation instruction.
3. Read the count value from TM0, not from the capture/compare register 01(CR01), when TI00
is specified as the count clock of TM0.
4. Before writing new data to TCL0, stop the timer operation once.
106
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. TI00 : input pin of 16-bit timer/event counter
5. TM0 : 16-bit timer register
6. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
7. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
107
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-2. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF40H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL0 CLOE TCL06 TCL05 TCL04 TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
Selects clock of PCL output
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
fXT (32.768 kHz)
fXX (4.0 MHz)
0
0
fXX/2 (2.0 MHz)
2
0
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
1
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
1
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
1
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL06 TCL05 TCL04
Selects count clock of 16-bit timer register
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
TI00 (valid edge can be specified)
2fXXNote
0
0
fXX (4.0 MHz)
0
fXX/2 (2.0 MHz)
2
1
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
1
Watch timer output (INTTM3)
Setting prohibited
Others
CLOE
Controls PCL output
0
1
Disables output
Enables output
Note At fXX > 2.5 MHz, setting prohibited.
Cautions 1. The valid edge of the TI00/INTP0 pin is specified by the external interrupt mode register 0
(INTM0). The frequency of the sampling clock is selected by the sampling clock select register
(SCS).
2. To enable PCL output, set TCL00 through TCL03, and then set CLOE to 1 by using a 1-bit
memory manipulation instruction.
3. Read the count value from TM0, not from the capture/compare register 01(CR01), when TI00
is specified as the count clock of TM0.
4. Before writing new data to TCL0, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
3. TI00 : input pin of 16-bit timer/event counter
4. TM0 : 16-bit timer register
5. ( ) : at fXX = 4.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
108
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-3. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 0 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF40H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL0 CLOE TCL06 TCL05 TCL04 TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
TCL03 TCL02 TCL01 TCL00
Selects clock of PCL output
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
fXT (32.768 kHz)
0
fXX
fX (5.0 MHz)
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
2
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
3
3
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
6
1
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
7
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL06 TCL05 TCL04
Selects count clock of 16-bit timer register
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
TI00 (valid edge can be specified)
0
fXX
fX (5.0 MHz)
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
2
1
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
Watch timer output (INTTM3)
Setting prohibited
Others
CLOE
Controls PCL output
0
1
Disables output
Enables output
Cautions 1. The valid edge of the TI00/INTP0 pin is specified by the external interrupt mode register 0
(INTM0). The frequency of the sampling clock is selected by the sampling clock select register
(SCS).
2. To enable PCL output, set TCL00 through TCL03, and then set CLOE to 1 by using a 1-bit
memory manipulation instruction.
3. Read the count value from TM0, not from the capture/compare register 01(CR01), when TI00
is specified as the count clock of TM0.
4. Before writing new data to TCL0, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. TI00 : input pin of 16-bit timer/event counter
5. TM0 : 16-bit timer register
6. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
109
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-4. Format of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register
Symbol
TMC0
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
2
1
0
Address
FF48H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TMC03 TMC02 TMC01 OVF0
OVF0
Detects overflow of 16-bit timer register
0
1
Overflow does not occur
Overflow occurs
TMC03 TMC02 TMC01
Selects operation mode
and clear mode
Selects output timing of TO0
Occurrence of
interrupt request
Stops operation (clears TM0 Not affected
to 0)
Does not occur
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
PWM mode (free running)
Free running mode
PWM pulse output
Occurs if TM0 and CR00
coincide and if TM0 and
CR01 coincide
Coincidence between TM0
and CR00 or between TM0
and CR01
Coincidence between TM0
and CR00, or between TM0
and CR01, or valid edge of
TI00
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
Clearsandstartsatvalidedge Coincidence between TM0
of TI00
and CR00 or between TM0
and CR01
Coincidence between TM0
and CR00, or between TM0
and CR01, or valid edge of
TI00
Clears and start at coinci- Coincidence between TM0
dence between TM0 and and CR00 or between TM0
1
1
1
1
0
1
CR00
and CR01
Coincidence between TM0
and CR00, or between TM0
and CR01, or valid edge of
TI00
Cautions 1. Before setting the clear mode or changing the output timing of TO0, stop the timer operation
(by clearing TMC01 through TMC03 to 0, 0, 0).
2. The valid edge of the TI00/INTP0 pin is selected by the external interrupt mode register 0
(INTM0). The frequency of the sampling clock is selected by the sampling clock select register
(SCS).
3. When using the PWM mode, set data to CR00 after setting the PWM mode.
4. When a mode in which the timer is cleared and started on coincidence between TM0 and CR00,
the OVF0 flag is set to 1 when the set value of CR00 is FFFFH and the value of TM0 changes
from FFFFH to 0000H.
5. The 16-bit timer register starts operating as soon as a value other than 0, 0, 0 (operation stop
mode) is set to TMC01 through TMC03. To stop the operation, clear TMC01 through TMC03
to 0, 0, 0.
110
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Remarks 1. TO0 : output pin of 16-bit timer/event counter
2. TI00 : input pin of 16-bit timer/event counter
3. TM0 : 16-bit timer register
4. CR00 : compare register 00
5. CR01 : compare register 01
Figure 5-5. Format of Capture/Compare Control Register
Symbol
CRC0
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF4CH
At reset
04H
R/W
R/W
CRC02 CRC01 CRC00
CRC00 Selects operation mode of CR00
0
1
Operates as compare register
Operates as capture register
CRC01 Selects capture trigger of CR00
0
1
Captures at valid edge of TI01
Captures at valid edge of TI00
CRC02 Selects operation mode of CR01
0
1
Operates as compare register
Operates as capture register
Cautions 1. Be sure to stop the timer operation before setting CRC0.
2. When a mode in which the timer is cleared and started on coincidence between TM0 and CR00
is selected by the 16-bit timer mode control register, do not specify CR00 as the capture
register.
111
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-6. Format of 16-Bit Timer Output Control Register
Symbol
TOC0
7
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF4EH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
OSPT OSPE TOC04 LVS0 LVR0 TOC01 TOE0
TOE0 Controls output of 16-bit timer/event counter
0
1
Disables output (port mode)
Enables output
TOC01 PWM mode
Selects active level
Other than PWM mode
Controls timer output F/F
on coincidence between
CR00 and TM0
0
1
Active high
Active low
Disables reverse operation
Enables reverse operation
LVS0 LVR0 Sets status of timer output F/F of 16-bit timer/
event counter
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Not affected
Resets timer output F/F (to 0)
Sets timer output F/F (to 1)
Setting prohibited
TOC04 Controls timer output F/F on coincidence between
CR01 and TM0
0
0
Disables reverse operation
Enables reverse operation
OSPE Controls one-shot pulse output operation
0
1
Successive pulse output
One-shot pulse output
OSPT Controls output trigger of one-shot pulse by software
0
1
No one-shot pulse trigger
One-shot pulse trigger
Cautions 1. Be sure to stop the timer operation before setting TOC0 (except OSPT).
2. LVS0 and LVR0 are always 0 when they are read immediately after data has been set.
3. OSPT is automatically cleared after data has been set. It is therefore always 0 when read.
112
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-7. Format of Port Mode Register 3
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF23H
At reset
FFH
R/W
R/W
PM3 PM37 PM36 PM35 PM34 PM33 PM32 PM31 PM30
PM3n Selects input/output mode of P3n pin (n = 0-7)
0
1
Output mode (output buffer ON)
Input mode (output buffer OFF)
Figure 5-8. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 0
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
Address
FFECH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
INTM0 ES31 ES30 ES21 ES20 ES11 ES10
ES11 ES10 Selects valid edge of INTP0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES21 ES20 Selects valid edge of INTP1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES31 ES30 Selects valid edge of INTP2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
Caution Before setting the valid edge of the INTP0/TI00/P00 pin, clear bits 1 through 3 (TMC01 through
TMC03) of the 16-bit timer mode control register (TMC0) to 0, 0, 0, and stop the timer.
113
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-9. Format of Sampling Clock Select Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY)
Symbol
SCS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF47H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
SCS1 SCS0
SCS1 SCS0 Selects sampling clock of INTP0
MCS = 1 MCS = 0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
f
f
f
f
XX/2N
XX/27
XX/25
XX/26
f
f
f
X
X
X
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/25 (156.3 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
f
f
f
X
X
X
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
Caution fXX/2N is the clock supplied to the CPU, and fXX/25, fXX/26, and fXX/27 are the clocks supplied to the
peripheral hardware. fXX/2N is stopped in the HALT mode.
Remarks 1. N
: Value (N = 0 to 4) set to the bits 0 through 2 (PCC0 through PCC2) of the processor clock
control register (PCC)
2. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
3. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
4. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
5. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
114
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-10. Format of Sampling Clock Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
SCS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF47H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
SCS1 SCS0
SCS1 SCS0 Selects sampling clock of INTP0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
f
f
f
f
XX/2N
XX/27 (31.3 kHz)
XX/25 (125.0 kHz)
XX/26 (62.5 kHz)
Caution fXX/2N is the clock supplied to the CPU, and fXX/25, fXX/26, and fXX/27 are the clocks supplied to the
peripheral hardware. fXX/2N is stopped in the HALT mode.
Remarks 1. N : Value (N = 0 to 4) set to the bits 0 through 2 (PCC0 through PCC2) of the processor clock control
register (PCC)
2. fXX : main system clock frequency
3. ( ) : at fXX = 4.0 MHz
Figure 5-11. Format of Sampling Clock Select Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
SCS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF47H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
SCS1 SCS0
SCS1 SCS0 Selects sampling clock of INTP0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2N
fXX/27
fXX/25
fXX/26
fX/27 (39.1 kHz)
fX/25 (156.3 kHz)
fX/26 (78.1 kHz)
Caution fXX/2N is the clock supplied to the CPU, and fXX/25, fXX/26, and fXX/27 are the clocks supplied to the
peripheral hardware. fXX/2N is stopped in the HALT mode.
Remarks 1. N : Value (N = 0 to 4) set to the bits 0 through 2 (PCC0 through PCC2) of the processor clock control
register (PCC)
2. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX)
3. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
4. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
115
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.1 Setting of Interval Timer
To set the 16-bit timer/event counter as an interval timer, first set the timer clock select register 0 (TCL0) and the
16-bit timer mode control register (TMC0). The clear mode of the 16-bit timer is set by TMC0 and the interval time
is set by TCL0.
After that, set the value of the compare register (CR00) from the setup time and count clock. Determine the setup
time by using the following expression:
Setup time = (Compare register value + 1) × Count clock cycle
This section shows two examples of setup times of the interval timer: 10 ms and 50 ms.
(a) Interval of 10 ms
<1> Setting of TMC0
Selects a mode in which the timer is cleared and started on coincidence between TM0 and CR00.
<2> Setting of TCL0
Select the fXX mode in which an interval time of 10 ms or more can be set and the resolution is the
highest (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR00
1
10 ms = (N + 1) ×
4.19 MHz
•
N = 10 ms × 4.19 MHz – 1 = 4.1899
•
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B; Does not use divider circuit
CRC0 = #00000000B ; Selects CR00 as compare register
CR00 = #41899
TCL0 = #00100000B ; Selects count clock fXX
TMC0 = #00001100B ; Clears and starts 16-bit timer/event counter when TM0 and CR00 coincide
116
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(b) Interval of 50 ms
<1> Setting of TMC0
Selects a mode in which the timer is cleared and started on coincidence between TM0 and CR00.
<2> Setting of TCL0
Select the fXX/22 mode in which an interval time of 50 ms or more can be set and the resolution is
the highest (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR00
1
50 ms = (N + 1) ×
4.19 MHz/22
•
N = 50 ms × 4.19 MHz/22 – 1 =• 52374
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B; Does not use divider circuit
CRC0 = #00000000B ; Selects CR00 as compare register
CR00 = #52374
TCL0 = #01000000B ; Selects count clock fXX/22
TMC0 = #00001100B ; Clears and starts 16-bit timer/event counter when TM0 and CR00 coincide
117
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.2 PWM Output
When using the 16-bit timer/event counter in the PWM output mode, set the PWM mode by the 16-bit timer mode
control register (TMC0) and enables the output of the 16-bit timer/event counter by the 16-bit timer output control
register (TOC0).
The pulse width (active level) of PWM is determined by the value set to the capture/compare register 00 (CR00).
Because the PWM of the 78K/0 series has a resolution of 14 bits, however, bits 2 through 15 of CR00 are valid (clear
bits 0 and 1 of CR00 to ‘0, 0’).
1
fXX
In the example below, the basic cycle of the PWM mode is set to 61.0 µs (
× 28) and the low level is selected
as the active level. The high-order 4 bits of the pulse width are rewritten depending on the value of the parameter
(00H to FFH). Therefore, in the following application example, PWM output can be performed in 16 steps (CR00 =
0FFCH to FFFCH).
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
PWM
: PWM output subroutine name
PWMOUT: input parameter of PWM active level
<Registers used>
AX
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Sets PWM active level
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
PWMOUT
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware units used>
• 16-bit timer/event counter
• P30/TO0
118
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• Setting of 16-bit timer/event counter
CRC0 = #00000000B ; Selects CR00 as compare register
TMC0 = #00000010B ; PWM output mode
TCL0 = #00100000B ; PWM basic cycle: 61.0 µs
TOC0 = #00000011B ; Low-active output
• PM30 = 0
• P30 = 0
; P30 output mode
; P30 output latch
<Starting>
After setting data to PWMOUT in RAM, call subroutine PWM.
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
PWM, PWMOUT
.
.
.
OSMS = #00000001B
CRC0 = #00000000B
TOC0 = #00000011B
TCL0 = #00100000B
TMC0 = #00000010B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Selects CR00 as compare register
; Sets low-active PWM output
; Selects count clock fXX
; Sets PWM mode
.
.
.
PWMOUT = A
; Sets input parameter of active level
CALL
(3) SPD chart
PWM
!PWM
Loads data of PWMOUT
Decodes data of high-order 4 bits of CR00
Sets XFFCH to CR00 (X: 0 to FH)
119
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC PWM,PWMOUT
PWM_DATDSEG
PWMOUT:DS
SADDR
1
; PWM output data area (0-15)
;************************************
;* PWM output (16 steps)
;************************************
P0_SEG CSEG
PWM:
A=PWMOUT
A<<=1
A<<=1
A<<=1
A<<=1
A|=#0FH
X=#0FCH
CR00=AX
RET
; Loads high-order data of PWMOUT
; Sets low-order 12 bits to 0FFCH
120
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.3 Remote Controller Signal Reception
This section introduces two examples of programs that receives signals from a remote controller by using the 16-
bit timer/event counter.
• The counter is cleared each time the valid edge of the remote controller signal has been detected, and measures
a pulse width from the timer count value (capture register CR01) when the next valid edge has been detected.
• The timer operates in the free running mode to measure a pulse width from the difference of the counter between
valid edges. PWM output is also performed at the same time.
The remote controller signal is received by a PIN receiver diode and is input to the P00/TI00/INTP0 pin via receive
amplifier µPC1490. Figure 5-12 shows an example of a remote controller signal receiver circuit, and Figure 5-13 shows
the format of the remote controller signal.
Figure 5-12. Example of Remote Controller Signal Receiver Circuit
+5 V
+
100 µF
160 kΩ
V
DD
100 kΩ
PH310
f
0
V
CC
+
IN
OUT
INTP0/TI00/P00
µ
PC1490
µ
PD78054
–
IN
CD
GND
C1
4.7 Ω
+
10
µ
F
1000 pF
GND
+
1 µF
Shield case
121
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-13. Remote Controller Signal Transmitter IC Output Signal
Time at oscillation frequency of 455 kHz
67.5 ms
108 ms
108 ms
9 ms
4.5 ms
Custom Code
8 bits
Custom Code
Data Code
8 bits
Data Code
8 bits
8 bits
13.5 ms
Leader Code
27 ms
27 ms
67.5 ms
First
time
9 ms
4.5 ms
0.56 ms
13.5 ms
1.125 ms 2.25 ms
0
1
1
0
0
1
Second time and onward (signal transmitted only while key is held down)
9 ms
2.25 ms
11.25 ms
0.56 ms
Because the receiver preamplifier µPC1490 used in the circuit example on the previous page is low-active, the
level input to the µPD78054 subseries is the inverted data of the remote controller transmit data.
Figure 5-14. Output Signal of Receiver Preamplifier
H
µ
PC1490 output
L
9 ms
4.5 ms
Leader code
122
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.3.1 Remote controller signal reception by counter clearing
Table 5-1 shows the valid pulse width for receiving a remote controller signal in the program example shown in
this section, and <1> through <6> describes how to process each signal. The repeat signal of the remote controller
signal is valid only within 250 ms after a valid signal has been input. If a signal input within 3 ms after the normal
data has been loaded, the data is invalid.
Table 5-1. Valid Time of Input Signal
Signal Name
Output Time
9 ms
Valid Time
6.8 ms-11.8 ms
Leader code (low)
Leader code
(high)
Normal
4.5 ms
3 ms-5 ms
Repeat
2.25 ms
1.125 ms
2.25 ms
1.8 ms-3 ms
0.5 ms-1.8 ms
1.8 ms-2.5 ms
Custom/data
code
0
1
<1> Leader code (low)
The interval time of the 16-bit timer/event counter is set to 1.5 ms, and the port level is sampled by means
of interrupt processing. When five low levels have been detected in succession, these low levels are
identified as a leader code, and the interval time is changed to 7.81 ms. After that, the pulse width of
the low level of the leader code is measured by using rising-edge interrupt request INTP0.
Figure 5-15. Sampling of Remote Controller Signal
Valid if low five
times in succession
Noise
Noise
Interval time
1.5 ms
7.81 ms
123
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<2> Leader code (high)
The pulse width while the leader code is high is measured by using the falling-edge interrupt request
INTP0 and the count value of the timer.
<3> Custom/data code
The pulse width of each 1 bit (1 cycle) is measured by using the falling-edge interrupt request INTP0.
After the data of the 32nd bit has been loaded, the system tests if the inverted data and custom code
coincide. It also checks that there is no data in the 33rd bit.
<4> Repeat code detection
When the high level of the leader code is less than 3 ms, the pulse width from output of the leader code
to the rising edge of the INTP0 is measured.
<5> Valid period of repeat code
After the valid data has been input, sampling is performed by the interrupt processing (1.5 ms interval)
of the 16-bit timer/event counter to measure the valid time of the repeat code of 250 ms.
<6> Time out during pulse width measurement
If the interrupt request of the 16-bit timer/event counter (7.81 ms) occurs during pulse width measure-
ment, it is judged to be time out, and the data is invalid.
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
RMDATA : Stores remote controller receive data
RPT
: Repeat valid period identification flag
IPDTFG : Valid data identification flag
RMDTOK : Input signal validity identification flag
RMDTSET : Input signal identification flag
<Registers used>
Bank 0: AX, BC, HL
124
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<RAM used>
Name
RPTCT
Usage
Repeat code valid time counter
No-input time counter after data input
Mode selection
Attribute
Bytes
1
SADDR
RMENDCT
SELMOD
LD_CT
Leader signal detection counter
Valid data storage area
RMDATA
WORKP
Input signal storage area
SADDRP
4
<Flags used>
Name
IPDTFG
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
RPT
Usage
Presence/absence of valid data
Validity of input signal
Presence/absence of input signal
Judgment whether repeat valid period elapsed
<Nesting>
5 levels 12 bytes
<Hardware used>
• 16-bit timer/event counter
• P00/TI00/INTP0
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• Setting of 16-bit timer/event counter
CRC0 = #00000100B ; Selects operation mode of CR00, CR01
TMC0 = #00001100B ; Clears timer on coincidence between TM0 and CR00
TCL0 = #00100000B ; Count clock fXX
CR00 = #6290
; Compare register 00
• SCS = #00000011B ; INTP0 sampling clock fXX/26
• PPR0 = 0
; INTP0 high-priority interrupt
• TMMK0 = 0
; Enables 16-bit timer/event counter interrupt
• Defines custom code to be CSTM and declares PUBLIC
• RAM clear
<Starting>
Started by INTP0 and INTTM00 interrupt requests
125
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(2) Example of use
PUBLIC CSTM
EXTRN RMDATA,RPTCT
EXTBIT RPT,RMDTSET,IPDTFG
CSTM
EQU
9DH
; Remote controller custom code
OSMS=#00000001B
CRC0=#00000100B
CR00=#6290
; Does not use divider circuit
; Selects operation mode of CR00, CR01
TCL0=#00100000B
TMC0=#00001100B
SCS=#00000011B
; Sets 1.5 ms
6
; fXX/2 as INTP0 sampling clock
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
PPR0
RPT
IPDTFG
RMDTSET
; INTP0 with high priority
; Clears flag
CLR1
EI
TMMK0
; Enables timer interrupt
DT_TEST:
if_bit(RMDTSET)
CLR1
RMDTSET
if_bit(RPT)
;
;
;
Repeat processing
else
Processing when there is input
;
;
;
endif
else
if_bit(!RPT)
;
;
;
Processing when there is no input
endif
endif
126
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(3) SPD chart
INTTM00
Selects register bank 1
Enables master interrupt
IF: input signal exists (IPDTFG)
THEN
IF: valid data exists (RMDTOK)
THEN
IF: no input within repeat valid time (250 ms)
THEN
Invalidates repeat code
ELSE
Clears RPT, IPDTFG, and RMDTOK
Counts repeat valid time
Counts leader low time S_LOWCT
ELSE
IF: No input after end of data input (within 4.5 ms)
THEN
Valid data exists
Sets RMDTOK and RMDTSET
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
Initializes leader low detection counter
ELSE
Counts leader low time S_LOWCT
S_LOWCT
IF: Leader low detection mode
THEN
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
IF: P00 = LOW five times in succession
THEN
Selects leader low measuring mode
Sets 16-bit timer to 7.81 ms
Sets INTP0 rising-edge detection mode
Enables INTP0
Initializes leader low detection counter
ELSE
Initializes leader detection counter
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
Initializes leader detection counter
127
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
INTP0
Selects register bank 0
Waits for 100
µs WAIT
CASE: SELMOD
OF: 1
OF: 2
OF: 3
OF: 4
OF: 5
Leader low measuring mode LEAD_L
Leader high measuring mode LEAD_H
Custom code/data loading mode CDCODE
Repeat code detection mode REPCD
Abnormal data detection mode ENDCHK
LEAD_L
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
µs WAIT
Reads timer CR_READ
IF: 6.8 ms ≤ Ieader low ≤ 11.8 ms
THEN
Selects leader high detection mode
Sets INTP0 falling-edge detection mode
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
LEAD_H
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Reads timer CR_READ
IF: 2 ms ≤ leader high ≤ 5 ms
THEN
IF: Ieader high ≥ 3 ms
THEN
Selects custom code/data load mode
Initializes data storage area
ELSE
Selects repeat detection mode
Sets INTP0 rising-edge detection mode
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
128
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CDCODE
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Reads timer CR_READ
IF: 0.5 ms < input data ≤ 2.5 ms
THEN
IF: input data ≥ 1.8 ms
THEN
Sets CY
ELSE
Clears CY
Stores CY to data storage area
IF: end of 32 bits of data input
THEN
IF: custom code coincides
THEN
IF: custom/data code coincides with inverted data
THEN
Stores data code
Sets status in which input data exists
Sets IPDTFG and clears RMDTSET, RPT, and RMDTOK
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
REPCD
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
µs WAIT
IF: valid data exists
THEN
Reads timer CR_READ
IF: repeat code ≤ 1 ms
THEN
Sets repeat code valid status
Sets RPT
Sets data input end status
Sets abnormal data detection mode S_M5SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets abnormal data detection mode S M5SET
129
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
ENDCHK
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Sets input signal invalid status
Clears IPDTFG and RPT
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
CR_READ
S_M0SET
S_M5SET
Reads capture register
Stops 16-bit timer operation
Starts timer
Selects leader low detection mode
Disables INTP0 interrupt
Sets 16-bit timer to 1.5 ms
Selects abnormal data detection mode
Sets counter for repeat valid time
Sets 16-bit timer to 1.5 ms
130
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC RPT,IPDTFG,RMDTOK,RMDTSET
PUBLIC RMENDCT,RPTCT,SELMOD,LD_CT,RMDATA
EXTRN CSTM
RM_DAT DSEG
SADDR
; Repeat code valid time counter
RPTCT: DS
RMENDCT:
SELMOD:DS
LD_CT: DS
RMDATA:DS
1
DS
1
1
1
; No-input time counter after data input
1
; Selects mode
; Leader signal detection counter
; Valid data storage area
RM_DATPDSEG
WORKP: DS
SADDRP
4
; Input signal storage area
BSEG
IPDTFG DBIT
RMDTOK DBIT
RMDTSETDBIT
; Valid data exists
; Input signal is valid
; Input signal exists
; Repeat code valid period
RPT
DBIT
VEP0
CSEG
DW
AT 06H
INTP0
; Sets vector address of INTP0
VETM0 CSEG
DW
AT 20H
INTTM00
; Sets vector address of 16-bit timer
;******************************************************
Remote controller signal timer processing
;******************************************************
;
TM0_SEG
CSEG
INTTM00:
SEL RB1
; Enables interrupt (INTP0)
; Input signal exists?
; Valid data exists?
EI
if_bit(IPDTFG)
if_bit(RMDTOK)
RPTCT––
if(RPTCT==#0)
; Repeat invalid time
; Repeat code invalid status
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
RPT
IPDTFG
RMDTOK
endif
CALL
else
RMENDCT––
if(RMENDCT==#0)
!S_LOWCT
; Sets that valid data exists
SET1
SET1
CALL
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
endif
LD_CT=#5
endif
else
CALL
endif
RETI
!s_LOWCT
131
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
S_LOWCT:
if(SELMOD==#0)
; Leader (low) detection mode?
if_bit(!P0.0)
LD_CT––
if(LD_CT==#0)
SELMOD=#1
TMC0=#00000000B
CR00=#32767
; Leader (low) measuring mode
; Timer: 7.81 ms
TMC0=#00001100B
INTM0=#00000100B
CLR1
CLR1
PIF0
PMK0
; Enables INTP0 interrupt
LD_CT=#5
endif
else
LD_CT=#5
endif
else
CALL
!S_MOSET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
LD_CT=#5
endif
RET
$EJECT
;***********************************************************
;* Remote controller signal edge detection processing
;***********************************************************
P0_SEG CSEG
INTP0:
SEL
RB0
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
switch(SELMOD)
case 1:
CALL
break
case 2:
CALL
break
case 3:
CALL
break
case 4:
CALL
!LEAD_L
!LEAD_H
!CDCODE
!REPCD
; Leader low detection processing
; Leader high detection processing
; Custom/data code loading processing
; Repeat code detection processing
; Abnormal data detection processing
break
case 5:
CALL
!ENDCHK
ends
RET1
132
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;****************************************
;* Leader low detection
;****************************************
LEAD_L:
if_bit(P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 0: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(P0.0)
CALL
!CR_READ
; Reads timer value
if(AX>=#3354)
if(AX<#18035)
; 6.8 ms – (1.5 ms * 4)
; 11.8 ms – (1.5 ms * 5)
; Leader high detection mode
; INTP0 falling edge
SELMOD=#2
INTM0=#00000000B
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
!S_MOSET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
!S_MOSET
$EJECT
;****************************************
;* Leader high detection
;****************************************
LEAD_H:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CALL
!CR_READ
; Reads timer value
if(AX>=#6710–160/2)
if(AX<#20132–160/2)
if(AX>#11743–160/2)
SELMOD=#3
;
;
1.8 ms – 100 µs * 2 – 160 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
5 ms – 100 µs * 2 – 160 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
; Custom/data code (3 ms – 100 µs * 2)?
; Data loading mode
WORKP=#0000H
(WORKP)+2=#8000H
else
; Initializes work area
; Sets most significant bit to 1 (to check end of data)
SELMOD=#4
INTM0=#00000100B
endif
; Repeat detection mode
; INTP0 rises
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
!S_M0SET
$EJECT
133
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;******************************
;* Custom/data code loading
;******************************
CDCODE:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CALL
!CR_READ
; Reads timer value
if(AX>=#1257–190/2)
if(AX<#9646–190/2)
if(AX>=#6710–190/2)
;
;
;
0.5 ms – 100 µs * 2 – 190 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
2.5 ms – 100 µs * 2 –190 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
1.8 ms – 100 µs * 2 – 190 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
SET1
else
CLR1
endif
CY
CY
HL=#WORKP+3
C=#4
; Sets work area address
; Sets number of digits of work area
WKSHFT:
A=[HL]
RORC
; Stores 1-bit data
; Shifts 1 bit
A,1
[HL]=A
HL––
DBNZ
if_bit(CY)
C,$WKSHFT
; End of shifting all bits
; End of 32-bit input?
if(WORKP+0==#CSTM) (A)
; Custom code check
A^WORKP+1
if(A==#0FFH)
A=WORKP+2
; Custom code inverted data check
A^=WORKP+3 ; Data code inverted data check
if(A==#0FFH)
; Stores input data
RMDATA=WORKP+2 (A)
; Sets status in which input data exists
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
IPDTFG
RMDTSET
RPT
RMDTOK
!S_M5SET
else
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
CALL
endif
else
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
CALL
endif
else
CALL
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
134
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
endif
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
!S_M0SET
$EJECT
;************************************
;* Repeat code detection
;************************************
REPCD:
if_bit(P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 0: noise
CALL
if_bit(P0.0)
if_bit(RMDTOK)
CALL !CR_READ
if(AX<=#3354–190/2)
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
; Valid data exists?
; Reads timer value
; 1 ms – 100 µs * 2 – 190 clocks (edge detection → timer starts)
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
RPT
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
!S_M5SET
; Input signal check after end of data
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
!S_M0SET
$EJECT
135
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;****************************************
;* Abnormal data detection
;****************************************
ENDCHK:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CLR1
IPDTFG
RPT
; Abnormal data input
CLR1
; Input signal invalid
CALL
!S_M0SET
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
endif
endif
RET
;****************************************
;* Waits for 100 µs
;****************************************
WAIT:
B=#(838–14–12–8)/12
WAITCT:
; CALL(14), RET(12), MOV(8)
; Sets 100 µs
DBNZ
RET
B,$WAITCT
; 1 instruction 12 clocks
;*****************************************
;* Sets leader (low) detection mode
;*****************************************
S_M0SET:
TMC0=#00000000B
CR00=#6290
TCL0=#00100000B
TMC0=#00001100B
SELMOD=#0
; Sets timer to 1.5 ms
; Leader (low) detection mode
SET1
RET
PMK0
;*****************************************
;* Sets abnormal data detection mode
;*****************************************
S_M5SET:
RPTCT=#173
SELMOD=#5
RMENDCT=#3
TMC0=#00000000B
; 250 ms measuring counter
; Data input end mode
; No-input checking counter
; Stops operation
CR00=#6290
; Sets 1.5 ms
TMC0=#00001100B
RET
;****************************************
;*
Reads timer count value
;****************************************
CR_READ:
AX=CR01
TMC0=#00000000B
TMC0=#00001100B
RET
; Stops operation
; Starts timer
136
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.3.2 Remote controller signal reception by PWM output and free running mode
Table 5-2 shows the valid pulse width when a remote controller signal is received by this program. <1> through
<6> below describes how each signal is processed.
Table 5-2. Valid Time of Input Signal
Signal Name
Output Time
9 ms
Valid Time
3 ms-10 ms
Leader code (low)
Leader code
(high)
Normal
4.5 ms
3 ms-5 ms
Repeat
2.25 ms
1.125 ms
2.25 ms
1.8 ms-3 ms
0.5 ms-1.8 ms
1.8 ms-2.5 ms
Custom/data
code
0
1
<1> Leader code (low)
The value of the capture/compare register 01 (CR01) is stored to memory by an interrupt request that
occurs when the falling edge of INTP0 is detected.
The pulse width is measured from the difference between the values of CR01 and the capture/compare
register 00 (CR00) when the rising edge is generated.
<2> Leader code (high)
The pulse width between the high levels of the leader code is measured by the falling-edge interrupt
request INTP0 and the count value of the timer.
<3> Custom/data code
The pulse width of each 1 bit (1 cycle) is measured by the falling-edge interrupt request INTP0. After
the data of the 32nd bit has been loaded, the system tests if the inverted data and custom code coincide.
It also checks that there is no data of the 33rd bit.
<4> Repeat code detection
When the high level of the leader code is less than 3 ms, the pulse width from output of the leader code
to the rising edge of the INTP0 is measured.
<5> Valid period of repeat code
After the valid data has been input, the overflow flag (OVF0) of the 16-bit timer/event counter is tested
by the main program, and the repeat code valid time of 250 ms is measured.
137
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<6> Time out during pulse width measurement
The OVF0 of the 16-bit timer/event counter is tested during pulse width measurement. If it is detected
two times, time out is assumed and the data is assumed to be invalid.
Because the 16-bit timer/event counter operates in the PWM mode in this example, the remote controller
signal is received and, at the same time, PWM output can be performed by linking the program of 5.2
PWM Output.
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
TIM_PRO : name of subroutine processing timer overflow
RMDATA : stores remote controller receive data
RPT
: repeat valid period identification flag
: valid data identification flag
IPDTFG
RMDTOK : valid input signal identification flag
RMDTSET : input signal identification flag
OVSENS : INTP0 processing timer overflow detection flag
<Registers used>
Bank 0: AX, BC, HL
<RAM used>
Name
RPTCT
Usage
Repeat code invalid time counter
No-input time counter after data input
Mode selection
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
RMENDCT
SELMOD
LD_CT
Leader signal detection counter
Valid data storage area
RMDATA
TO_CNT
CR01_NP
CR01_OP
WORKP
Timer overflow detection counter
Newest timer count value storage area
Previous timer count value storage area
Input signal storage area
SADDRP
2
4
138
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<Flag used>
Name
IPDTFG
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
RPT
Usage
Presence/absence of valid data
Presence/absence of valid input signal
Presence/absence of input signal
Judgment whether repeat valid period elapsed
Occurrence of timer overflow
TO_FLG
OVSENS
Detection of timer overflow by INTP0 processing
<Nesting>
5 levels 11 bytes
<Hardware used>
• 16-bit timer/event counter
• P00/TI00/INTP0
• P30/TO0
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• Setting of 16-bit timer/event counter
CRC0 = #00000100B ; Selects operation mode of CR00, CR01
TMC0 = #00000010B ; PWM output mode
TCL0 = #00100000B ; PWM basic cycle: 61.0 µs
TOC0 = #00000011B ; Low-active output
• PM30 = 0
; P30 output mode
• SCS = #00000011B
• PPR0 = 0
; INTP0 sampling clock fXX/26
; INTP0 high-priority interrupt
; Enables INTP0 interrupt
• PMK0 = 0
• Defines custom code to CSTM and declares PUBLIC
• RAM clear
<Starting>
• Test the OVF0 of the 16-bit timer/event counter. When OVF0 is set, call subroutine TIM_PRO.
• Start by an interrupt request when the valid edge of the remote controller signal is detected.
139
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(2) Example of use
PUBLIC CSTM
EXTRN RMDATA,RPTCT,PWM,PWMOUT,TIM_PRO
EXTBIT RPT,RMDTSET,IPDTFG,TO_FLG,OVSENS
CSTM
EQU
9DH
; Custom code
OSMS=#00000001B
CRC0=#00000100B
TOC0=#00000011B
TCL0=#00100000B
TMC0=#00000010B
INTM0=#00000000B
SCS=#00000011B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Selects operation mode of CR00, CR01
; PWM output, low active setting
; Selects count clock fXX
; PWM mode, overflow occurs
; INTP0 falling edge
6
; INTP0 sampling clock fXX/2
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
PPR0
RPT
IPDTFG
RMDTSET
; INTP0 with high priority
; Clears flag
CLR1
EI
PMK0
; Enables INTP0 interrupt
DT_TEST:
if_bit(OVSENS)
; Detects timer overflow by INTP0 processing
; Timer overflow occurs
CLR1
CALL
OVSENS
!TIM_PRO
elseif_bit(OVF0)
CLR1
SET1
CALL
OVF0
TO_FLG
!TIM_PRO
endif
if_bit(RMDTSET)
CLR1
RMDTSET
if_bit(RPT)
;
;
;
Repeat processing
else
Processing when input exists
;
;
;
endif
else
if_bit(!RPT)
;
;
;
Processing when input does not exist
endif
endif
MOV
CALL
PWMOUT,A
!PWM
140
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(3) SPD chart
TIM_PRO
IF: input signal exists
THEN
IF: valid data exists
THEN
IF: repeat code invalid time
THEN
Sets repeat code invalid status
Clears RPT, IPDTFG, RMDTOK
Checks timer overflow TO_CHK
ELSE
IF: No input exists after input of data (within 61.0
THEN
µs × 2)
Sets that valid data exists
Sets RMDTOK, RMDTSET
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Checks timer overflow TO_CHK
TO_CHK
IF: leader low detection mode
THEN
ELSE
Sets that timer overflow does not occur
Timer overflow count
IF: Timer overflow occurs 2 times
THEN
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
INTP0
Selects register bank 0
Waits for 100 s WAIT
CASE: SELMOD
µ
OF: 0
OF: 1
OF: 2
OF: 3
OF: 4
OF: 5
Leader low detection mode RM_STA
Leader low measuring mode LEAD_L
Leader high measuring mode LEAD_H
Custom code/data loading mode CDCODE
Repeat code detection mode REPCD
Abnormal data detection mode ENDCHK
141
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
RM_STA
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Stores data of capture register to memory
Selects leader low measuring mode 1
Sets INTP0 rising-edge detection mode
LEAD_L
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
µ s WAIT
Reads timer PW_CT
IF: 3 ms ≤ Ieader low ≤ 10 ms
THEN
Selects leader high detection mode
Sets INTP0 falling-edge detection mode
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
LEAD_H
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Reads timer PW_CT
IF: 2 ms ≤ leader high ≤ 5 ms
THEN
IF: Ieader high ≥ 3 ms
THEN
Selects custom code/data loading mode
Initializes data storage area
ELSE
Selects repeat detection mode
Sets INTP0 rising-edge detection mode
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
142
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CDCODE
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Reads timer CR_READ
IF: 0.5 ms < input data ≤ 2.5 ms
THEN
IF: input data ≥ 1.8 ms
THEN
Sets CY
ELSE
Clears CY
Stores CY to data storage area
IF: end of 32 bits of data input
THEN
IF: custom code coincidence
THEN
IF: Coincidence between custom/data code and inverted data
THEN
Stores data code
Sets input data existing status
Sets IPDTFG, and clears RMDTSET, RPT, and RMDTOK
Sets abrormal data detection mode S_M5SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
REPCD
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = HIGH
THEN
µs WAIT
IF: valid data exists
THEN
Reads timer PW_CT
IF: repeat code ≤ 1 ms
THEN
Sets repeat code valid status
Sets RPT
Sets data input end status
Sets abnormal data detection mode S_M5SET
ELSE
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
ELSE
Sets abnormal data detection mode S_M5SET
143
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
ENDCHK
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
Waits for 100
IF: P00 = LOW
THEN
µs WAIT
Sets input signal invalid status
Clears IPDTFG, RPT
Sets leader low detection mode S_M0SET
PW_CT
IF: OVF occurs after edge detection processing
THEN
IF: OVF occurs < interrupt acknowledgment processing time (65 clocks)
THEN
Sets that timer overflow occurs
Loads capture register value
Subtracts capture register value from previous value
IF: borrow occurs as result of subtraction (CY = 1)
THEN
IF: timer overflow occurs (TO_FLG = 1)
THEN
Clears CY flag
ELSE
IF: timer overflow occurs (TO_FLG = 1)
THEN
Sets CY flag
Stores capture register value to memory
S_M0SET
S_M5SET
Selects leader low detection mode
Clears TO_FLG
Sets INTP0 falling-edge detection mode
Selects abnormal data detection mode
Sets repeat valid time counter
144
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC TIM_PRO,RPT,IPDTFG,RMDTOK,RMDTSET
PUBLIC RMENDCT,RPTCT,SELMOD,LD_CT,RMDATA
PUBLIC TO_FLG,OVSENS
EXTRN CSTM
RM_DAT DSEG
SADDR
RPTCT: DS
RMENDCT:DS
SELMOD:DS
LD_CT: DS
RMDATA:DS
TO_CNT:DS
1
1
1
1
1
1
; Repeat code valid time counter
; No-input time counter after data input
; Mode selection
; Leader signal detection counter
; Valid data storage area
; Timer overflow counter
RM_DATPDSEG
CR01_NP:DS
CR01_OP:DS
WORKP: DS
SADDRP
2
2
4
; Newest timer counter value storage area
; Previous timer counter value storage area
; Input signal storage area
BSEG
IPDTFG DBIT
RMDTOK DBIT
RMDTSETDBIT
; Valid data exists
; Input signal valid
; Input signal exists
RPT
TO_FLG DBIT
OVSENS DBIT
DBIT
; Repeat code valid period
; Timer overflow occurs
; Detects timer overflow by INTP0 processing
VEP0
CSEG
DW
AT 06H
INTP0
; Sets vector address of INTP0
$EJECT
;******************************************************
Remote controller signal timer processing
;
;******************************************************
TM0_SEGCSEG
TIM_PRO:
if_bit(IPDTFG)
if_bit(RMDTOK)
RPTCT––
if(RPTCT==#0)
; Input signal exists?
; Valid data exists?
; Repeat invalid time
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
RPT
IPDTFG
RMDTOK
; Repeat code valid status
endif
else
RMENDCT––
if(RMENDCT==#0)
SET1
SET1
CALL
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
!S_M0SET
; Valid data exists
; Sets leader (low) detection mode
endif
endif
else
CALL
endif
RET
!TO_CHK
; Checks timer overflow
145
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
TO_CHK:
if(SELMOD==#0)
CLR1
else
TO_CNT++
TO_FLG
if(TO_CNT==#2)
CALL
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
endif
endif
RET
$EJECT
;***********************************************************
;* Remote controller signal edge detection processing
;***********************************************************
P0_SEG CSEG
INTP0:
SEL RB0
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
switch(SELMOD)
case 0:
CALL
break
case 1:
CALL
break
case 2:
CALL
break
case 3:
CALL
break
case 4:
CALL
break
case 5:
CALL
ends
RET1
!RM_STA
; Start edge detection processing
; Leader low detection processing
; Leader high detection processing
; Custom/data code loading processing
; Repeat code detection processing
; Abnormal data detection processing
!LEAD_L
!LEAD_H
!CDCODE
!REPCD
!ENDCHK
;***********************************************************
;* Start edge detection
;***********************************************************
RM_STA:
CLR1
TO_FLG
; Starts timer count
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
; Waits for 100 µs
CALL
!WAIT
if_bit(!P0.0)
CR01_OP=CR01 (AX)
SELMOD=#1
INTM0=#00000100B
TO_CNT=#0
; Stores capture register
; Leader low detection mode
; INTP0 rising edge
endif
endif
RET
146
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;****************************************
;* Leader low detection
;****************************************
LEAD_L:
if_bit(P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(P0.0)
CALL
!PW_CT
; Reads timer value
if_bit(!CY)
TO_CNT=#0
if(AX>=#12582)
if(AX<#41942)
SELMOD=#2
; 3 ms
; 10 ms
; Leader high detection mode
; INTP0 falling edge
INTM0=#00000000B
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
$EJECT
;****************************************
;* Leader high detection
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
;****************************************
LEAD_H:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 0: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CALL
!PW_CT
; Reads timer value
if_bit(!CY)
TO_CNT=#0
if(AX>=#7549)
; 1.8 ms
if(AX<#20971)
if(AX>#12582)
; 5 ms
; Custom/data code (3 ms)?
; Data loading mode
; Initializes work area
SELMOD=#3
WORKP=#0000H
(WORKP)+2=#8000H ; Sets most significant bit to 1 (to confirm end of data)
else
SELMOD=#4
INTM0=#00000100B ; INTP0 rises
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
$EJECT
; Repeat detection mode
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
147
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;******************************
;* Custom/data code loading
;******************************
CDCODE:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CALL
!PW_CT
; Reads timer value
if_bit(!CY)
TO_CNT=#0
if(AX>=#2096)
if(AX<#10485)
if(AX>=#7549)
; 0.5 ms
; 2.5 ms
; 1.8 ms
SET1
else
CLR1
endif
CY
CY
HL=#WORKP+3
C=#4
; Sets work area address
; Sets number of work area digits
WKSHFT:
A=[HL]
RORC
; Stores 1-bit data
; Shifts 1 bit
A,1
[HL]=A
HL––
DBNZ
C,$WKSHFT
; End of shifting all digits
if_bit(CY)
if(WORKP+0==#CSTM) (A)
; End of input of 32 bits?
; Checks custom code
A^=WORKP+1
if(A==#0FFH)
A=WORKP+2
; Checks custom code inverted data
; Checks data code inverted data
A^=WORKP+3
if(A==#0FFH)
; Stores input data
RMDATA=WORKP+2 (A)
; Sets input data existing status
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
IPDTFG
RMDTSET
RPT
RMDTOK
!S_M5SET
else
; Sets start edge detection mode
!S_M0SET
CALL
endif
else
; Sets start edge detection mode
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
148
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
!S_M0SET
$EJECT
;************************************
;* Repeat code detection
;************************************
REPCD:
if_bit(P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
if_bit(P0.0)
if_bit(RMDTOK)
CALL !PW_CT
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
; Valid data?
; Reads timer value
if_bit(!CY)
TO_CNT=#0
if(AX<=#4193)
; 1 ms
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
RPT
RMDTOK
RMDTSET
!S_M5SET
; Checks input signal after end of data
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
else
CALL
endif
endif
endif
RET
$EJECT
!S_M0SET
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
; Sets start edge detection mode
!S_M0SET
!S_M0SET
149
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;*********************************************
;* Abnormal data detection
;*********************************************
ENDCHK:
if_bit(!P0.0)
; Level check P0.0 = 1: noise
CALL
!WAIT
; Waits for 100 µs
if_bit(!P0.0)
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
IPDTFG
RPT
!S_M0SET
; Abnormal data input
; Input signal invalid
; Sets start edge detection mode
endif
endif
RET
;*********************************************
;* Calculation of capture register value
;*********************************************
PW_CT:
if_bit(OVF0)
if(CR01<#10000–33) (AX)
; OVF0 after edge detection?
; Interrupt acknowledgment processing time = 65 clocks (MAX)
CLR1
SET1
SET1
OVF0
OVSENS
TO_FLG
endif
endif
CR01_NP=CR01 (AX)
; Loads capture register value
; AX = CR01_NP – CR01_OP
A=CR01_NP+0
A–=CR01_OP
X=A
A=CR01_NP+1
SUBC
A,CR01_OP+1
BC=AX
; Saves operation result
; CR01_NP > CR01_OP
; Timer overflow occurs (flag test)
; Normal data
if_bit(CY)
if_bit(TO_FLG)
CLR1 CY
endif
else
if_bit(TO_FLG)
SET1 CY
endif
endif
; Timer overflow
; Error occurs
CR01_OP=CR01_NP (AX)
AX=BC
; Restores operation result
CLR1
RET
TO_FLG
150
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;**********************************************
;* Waits for 100 µs
;**********************************************
WAIT:
B=#(838–14–12–8)/12
WAITCT:
; CALL (14), RET (12), MOV (8)
; Sets 100 µs
DBNZ
RET
B,$WAITCT
; 1 instruction 12 clocks
;**********************************************
;* Sets start edge detection mode
;**********************************************
S_M0SET:
TO_CNT=#0
SELMOD=#0
INTM0=#00000000B
RET
; Start edge detection mode
; INTP0 falling edge
;**********************************************
;*
Setting of abnormal data detection mode
;**********************************************
S_M5SET:
RPTCT=#16
SELMOD=#5
RMENDCT=#2
RET
; 250 ms measuring counter
; Data input end mode
; No-input checking counter
151
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
5.4 One-Shot Pulse Output
The 16-bit timer/event counter has a function which outputs a one-shot pulse in synchronization with a software
trigger and external trigger (INTP0/TI00/P00 pin input).
When using the one-shot pulse output function, the 16-bit timer mode control register (TMC0), capture/compare
control register 0 (CRC0), and 16-bit timer output control register (TOC0) must be set.
In this section, an example for setting the one-shot pulse by using the software trigger is introduced.
The OSPT flag (bit 6 of the TOC0 register) is set at arbitrary timing (such as key input).
After the software trigger has occurred, TM0 is cleared and started. When the value of TM0 coincides with the
value set in advance to CR01, the TO0/P30 pin output is inverted (and becomes active). When the value of TM0
later coincides with the value set in advance to CR00, the TO0/P30 pin output is inverted again (and becomes inactive).
The TM0 counter is cleared and counting up is started again after the value of TM0 has coincided with the value of
CR00. The output of the TO0/P30 pin, however, is not inverted even if coincidence occurs next time. TM0 is cleared
and started and the output of the TO0/P30 pin is inverted only when the software trigger is set. The active level of
the TO0/P30 pin is determined by selecting the initial value of the TO0/P30 pin output of the TOC0 register.
Note that, when using the one-shot pulse output function with the software trigger, the OSPT flag must not be set
to 1 while the one-shot pulse is output. To output the one-shot pulse again, do so after INTTM00, which is an interrupt
request that occurs when TM0 coincides with CR00, has occurred.
In the example presented in this section, the software trigger is designed by using key input, and “H” active output
is produced 10 ms after for 1 ms.
152
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 5-16. Timing of One-Shot Pulse Output Operation by Software Trigger
Count clock
TM0 count value
TO0/P30 pin output
CR01 set value
CR00 set value
OSPT
0000
N
N+1
M–2 M–1
M
0000
N
M
INTTM01
INTTM00
F_TRG
10 ms
1 ms
Remark F_TRG: flag indicating that output of the one-shot pulse is in progress. For details, refer to (2) Example
of use.
153
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
SOP_INIT: One-shot pulse output initial setting subroutine
<Register used>
None
<RAM used>
None
<Nesting level>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
• 16-bit timer/event counter
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• CLR1
• CLR1
• CALL
P3.0
; Clears output latch of bit 0 of port 3 to 0
PM3.0
; Sets bit 0 of port mode register 3 in output mode
!SOP_INIT ; Sets by subroutine SOP_INIT
<Starting>
Set bit 6 (OSPT) of the 16-bit timer output control register (TOC0).
154
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(2) Example of use
Because bit 6 (OSPT) of the 16-bit timer output control register (TOC0) is not set again while the pulse is output
in the example of this package, the F_TRG flag is set as soon as the OSPT flag has been set as shown in
Figure 5-16. Even if the next output request is issued while the F_TRG flag is set (i.e., while the pulse is output),
the OSPT flag is not set. After the one-shot pulse has been output (INTTM00 occurs), clear the F_TRG flag.
EXTRN SOP_INT
M1PR0
CSEG
RES_STA:
OSMS=#00000001B
; Does not use divider circuit
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
P3.0
PM3.0
!SOP_INIT
; Sets 0 to output latch if multiplexed pin is used
; Sets output mode if multiplexed pin is used
; One-shot pulse output initial setting routine
·
·
if(key request issued)
if_bit(!F_TRG)
; Previous output ends?
SET1
SET1
endif
endif
if_bit(TMIF00)
OSPT
F_TRG
;
;
;
;
Clears and starts 16-bit counter
Sets one-shot pulse trigger flag
; End of one-shot pulse output?
CLR1
CLR1
endif
F_TRG
TMIF00
;
;
;
Clears one-shot trigger flag
Clears TMIF00 request flag
·
·
(3) SPD chart
SOP_INIT
Stops timer operation
Selects count clock of 16-bit timer register
Uses CR00 and CR01 as compare registers
Sets compare register 00 (CR00)
(Time required from start of trigger to second inversion of TO0
output)
Sets compare register 01 (CR01)
(Time required from start of trigger to first inversion of TO0
output)
Selects one-shot pulse output mode
Starts on coincidence between TM0 and CR00
(enables timer operation)
155
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC SOP_INIT
OPINIT
CSEG
SOP_INIT:
TMC0=#00000000B
TCL0=#01000000B
CRC0=#00000000B
CR00=#11550–1
CR01=#10500–1
TOC0=#00110111B
TMC0=#00001100B
RET
; Stops timer operation
; Count clock of 16-bit timer register: 1.05 MHz
; Uses CR00 and CR01 as compare registers
; Sets compare register to 11 ms
; Sets compare register to 10 ms
; Selects one-shot pulse mode
; Starts on coincidence between TM0 and CR00 (enables timer operation)
;
END
5.5 PPG Output
When using the 16-bit timer/event counter in the PPG (Programmable Pulse Generator) mode, the 16-bit timer
mode control register (TMC0), capture/compare control register 0 (CRC0), and 16-bit timer output control register
(TOC0) must be set.
As the PPG output pulse, a square wave with a cycle specified by the count value set in advance to the 16-bit
capture/compare register 00 (CR00) and a pulse width specified by the count value set in advance to the 16-bit capture/
compare register 01 (CR01) is output from the TO0/P30 pin.
In the application example shown in this section, the output waveform is changed by using the PPG output. Data
indicating the one cycle and pulse width of the output waveform is stored in ROM. This data is stored in the compare
register.
The cycle and pulse width of the PPG output in this program can be changed in units of 1 ms to 10 ms. Therefore,
the cycle can be set in a range of 2 to 10 ms, and the pulse width can be set in a range of 1 to 9 ms. If the cycle
is equal to or less than the pulse width when the output waveform is changed, the data is not changed.
The output waveform is changed after the end of one output cycle. Figure 5-17 shows the PPG output waveform
changing timing.
Figure 5-17. PPG Output Waveform Changing Timing
Request for
change
Data changed Request for change
Data changed
Pulse
width
1 cycle
156
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Subroutine name
SPG_INIT : PPG output initial setting subroutine
• Data definition reference name of SPG_INIT routine
PDAT
SDAT
: First address of data value for pulse width stored to compare register
: First address of data value for cycle stored to compare register
• Input parameter of SPG_INIT routine
PARUSU : Pulse width time storage area
SAIKURU : 1 cycle time storage area
• Input/output parameters of SPG_INIT routine and INTTM00 interrupt
PARUSUP : Pulse width time change data storage area
SAIKURUP : 1-cycle time change data storage area
<Registers used>
SPG_INIT : Bank 0 AX, HL
INTTM00
: Bank 2 AX
<RAM used>
Name
PARUSU
SAIKURU
PARUSUP
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
Sets pulse width time
Sets 1-cycle time
1
1
2
SADDR
Sets compare data value corresponding to pulse
width time
SADDRP
SAIKURUP
Sets compare data value corresponding to 1 cycle SADDRP
time
2
<Flag used>
None
157
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
<Nesting level>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• 16-bit timer/event counter
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• CLR1
• CLR1
• CALL
P3.0
; Clears output latch of bit 0 of port 3 to 0
PM3.0
; Sets bit 0 of port mode register 3 in output mode
!PPG_INIT ; Sets by subroutine PPG_INIT
<Starting>
After the 16-bit timer/event counter has been reset and started, set pulse width time in the specified range
to PARUSU in RAM and cycle time in the specified range to SAIKURU, and call subroutine PPG_INIT.
When changing the PPG output waveform, clear the INTTM00 interrupt request flag to enable the interrupt
after setting a compare data value corresponding to the pulse width in the specified range to PARUSUP,
and a compare data value corresponding to the cycle time in the specified range to SAIKURUP.
158
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN SPG_INIT
EXTRN SAIKURUP.PARUSUP
EXTRN SAIKURU,PARUSU
EXTRN PDAT,SDAT
;
SMIN
PMIN
EQU
EQU
02H
01H
; Minimum cycle time
; Minimum pulse width time
·
·
OSMS=#00000001B
SAIKURU=#SMIN
PARUSU=#PMIN
; Does not use divider circuit
; Sets initial cycle value
; Sets initial pulse width value
CLR1
CLR1
CALL
EI
P3.0
PM3.0
!SPG_INIT
; Clears output latch to 0 if multiplexed pin is used
; Sets output mode if multiplexed pin is used
;
;
·
·
if(request for changing square wave)
if(SAIKURU > PARUSU) (A)
; If SAIKURUP > PARUSU
; Data 1 → address XXX0
; Data 2 → address XXX2
; Data 3 → address XXX4
A=PARUSU
A––
A <<= 1
X=A
;
·
A=#0
AX+=#PDAT
HL=AX
X=[HL] (A)
HL++
A=[HL]
PARUSUP=AX
; Table reference of low-order 8 bits of value stored to
; compare register
;
;
;
;
;
;
X register ← low-order 8 bits
Table reference of high-order 8 bits of value stored to compare register
A register ← high-order 8 bits
;
A=SAIKURU
A––
; Cycle time storage processing
;
A––
;
A <<= 1
X=A
;
;
A=#0
;
AX+=#SDAT
HL=AX
;
;
X=[HL] (A)
HL++
;
;
A=[HL]
SAIKURUP=AX
;
;
CLR1
CLR1
TMIF00
TMMK00
; Clears request flag
; Enables compare register 00 interrupt
endif
endif
;
;
No data change
·
·
159
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(3) SPD chart
PPG_INIT
Stops timer operation
Selects count clock of 16-bit timer register
Uses CR00 and CR01 as compare registers
Table reference of compare data corresponding to PARUSU area
contents and stores it in PARUSU area
Table reference of compare data corresponding to SAIKURU area
contents and stores it in SAIKURUP area
Stores contents of SAIKURUP area to compare register 00 (CR00)
Stores contents of PARUSUP area to compare register 01 (CR01)
Sets successive pulse output and sets initial value "H" of TO0 pin output
Starts on coincidence between TM0 and CR00 (enables timer operation)
INTTM00
Selects register bank 2
Stores contents of SAIKURUP area to compare register 00 (CR00)
Stores contents of PARUSUP area to compare register 01 (CR01)
Disables INTTM00 interrupt
160
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC SPG_INIT,PDAT,SDAT
PUBLIC SAIKURU,PARUSU
EXTRN SAIKURUP,PARUSUP
;
;************************************************
;
RAM definition
;************************************************
PPGRAM
SAIKURU:
PARUSU:
;
DSEG
DS
DS
SADDR
1
1
;
; 1 cycle time storage area
; Pulse width storage area
;************************************************
PPG output initial setting
;************************************************
;
PPGINIT
CSEG
SPG_INIT:
TMC0=#00000000B
TCL0=#00100000B
CRC0=#00000000B
A=PARUSU
A––
; Stops timer operation
; Count clock of 16-bit timer register: 4.19 MHz
; Uses CR00 and CR01 as compare register
;
;
;
;
Data 1 → address XXX0
Data 2 → address XXX2
Data 3 → address XXX4
·
A <<= 1
X=A
A=#0
AX+=#PDAT
HL=AX
X=[HL] (A)
HL++
A=[HL]
; Table reference of low-order 8 bits of value stored to
; compare register
;
;
;
;
;
;
X register ← low-order 8 bits
Table reference of high-order 8 bits of value stored to compare register
A register ← high-order 8 bits
PARUSUP=AX
;
A=SAIKURU
A––
; Cycle time storage processing
;
A––
;
A <<= 1
;
X=A
;
A=#0
;
AX+=#SDAT
HL=AX
;
;
X=[HL] (A)
HL++
;
;
A=[HL]
;
SAIKURUP=AX
CR00=SAIKURUP (AX)
CR01=PARUSUP (AX)
TOC0=#00011011B
TMC0=#00001100B
RET
;
; Sets compare register to 2 ms
; Sets compare register to 1 ms
; Sets successive pulse output and initial value ‘H’
; Starts on coincidence between TM0 and CR00 (enables timer opera-
tion)
;
161
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS OF 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
PDAT:
DW 4201
;
; Address XXX0
DW 8403
; Address XXX2
DW 12605
DW 16807
DW 21009
DW 25211
DW 29413
DW 33615
DW 37817
; Address XXX4
;
;
;
;
;
;
SDAT:
;
DW 8403
DW 12605
DW 16807
DW 21009
DW 25211
DW 29413
DW 33615
DW 37817
DW 42019
END
; Address XXX0
; Address XXX2
; Address XXX4
;
;
;
;
;
;
PUBLIC
PARUSUP,SAIKURUP
;
VETM00
CSEG
DW
AT 20H
INTTM00
;
P2RAM
PARUSUP:
SAIKURUP: DS
DSEG
DS
SADDRP
2
2
; Pulse width time changing data storage area
; 1 cycle time changing data storage area
;****************************************************************
PPG output (cycle pulse width time changing interrupt)
;****************************************************************
;
TM00
CSEG
;
INTTM00:
SEL
;
RB2
; Selects bank 2
CR01=PARUSUP (AX)
CR00=SAIKURUP (AX)
; CR00, CR01 ← stores pulse width and cycle time changing data
;
SET1
RETI
END
TMMK00
; Disables compare register 00 interrupt
;
162
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
The 8-bit timer/event counter of the 78K/0 series has three functions: interval timer, external event counter, and
square wave output. Two channels of 8-bit timers/event counters are provided and these timers/event counters can
be used as a 16-bit timer/event counter when connected in cascade.
The 8-bit timers/event counters are set by the following registers:
• Timer clock select register 1 (TCL1)
• 8-bit timer mode control register (TMC1)
• 8-bit timer output control register (TOC1)
• Port mode register 3 (PM3)
• Port 3 (P3)
163
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-1. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF41H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL1 TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14 TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 1
MCS = 1 MCS = 0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge of TI1
Rising edge of TI1
fXX/2
0
2
0
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
2
3
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
3
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
12
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 2
MCS = 1 MCS = 0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge of TI2
Rising edge of TI2
fXX/2
0
2
0
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
2
3
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
3
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
12
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL1, stop the timer operation once.
164
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. TI1 : input pin of 8-bit timer register 1
4. TI2 : input pin of 8-bit timer register 2
5. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
6. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
165
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-2. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF41H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL1 TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14 TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 1
Falling edge of TI1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
Rising edge of TI1
fXX/2 (2.0 MHz)
0
2
0
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
1
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
1
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
1
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
1
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
9
1
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
11
1
fXX/2 (2.0 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge of TI2
Rising edge of TI2
fXX/2 (2.0 MHz)
0
0
2
0
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
1
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
1
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
1
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
1
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
9
1
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
11
1
fXX/2 (2.0 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL1, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. TI1: input pin of 8-bit timer register 1
3. TI2: input pin of 8-bit timer register 2
4. ( ): at fXX = 4.0 MHz
166
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-3. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 1 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF41H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL1 TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14 TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
TCL13 TCL12 TCL11 TCL10
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 1
Falling edge of TI1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
Rising edge of TI1
fXX/2
0
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
2
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
3
3
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
6
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
7
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
8
8
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
9
9
1
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
11
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL17 TCL16 TCL15 TCL14
Selects count clock of 8-bit timer register 2
Falling edge of TI2
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
Rising edge of TI2
fXX/2
0
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
2
2
0
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
3
3
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
4
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
5
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
6
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
7
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
8
8
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
9
9
1
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
11
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL1, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. TI1 : input pin of 8-bit timer register 1
4. TI2 : input pin of 8-bit timer register 2
5. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
167
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-4. Format of 8-Bit Timer Mode Control Register
Symbol
TMC1
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF49H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TMC12 TCE2 TCE1
TCE1 Controls operation of 8-bit timer register 1
0
1
Stops operation (clears TM1 to 0)
Enables operation
TCE2 Controls operation of 8-bit timer register 2
0
1
Stops operation (clears TM2 to 0)
Enables operation
TMC12 Selects operation mode
0
1
8-bit timer register × 2 channel mode (TM1, TM2)
16-bit timer register × 1 channel mode (TMS)
Cautions 1. Before changing the operation mode, stop the timer operation.
2. When using the two 8-bit timer registers as a one 16-bit timer register, enable or stop the
operation by using TCE1.
168
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-5. Format of 8-Bit Timer Output Control Register
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF4FH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TOC1 LVS2 LVR2 TOC15 TOE2 LVS1 LVR1 TOC11 TOE1
TOE1 Controls output of 8-bit timer/event counter 1
0
1
Disables output (port mode)
Enables output
TOC11 Controls timer output F/F of 8-bit timer/event counter 1
0
1
Disables reverse operation
Enables reverse operation
LVS1 LVR1 Sets status of timer output F/F of 8-bit timer/
event counter 1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Not affected
Resets timer output F/F (to 0)
Sets timer output F/F (to 1)
Setting prohibited
TOE2 Controls output of 8-bit timer/event counter 2
0
1
Disables output (port mode)
Enables output
TOC15 Controls timer output F/F of 8-bit timer/event counter 2
0
1
Disables reverse operation
Enables reverse operation
LVS2 LVR2 Sets status of timer output F/F of 8-bit timer/
event counter 2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Not affected
Resets timer output F/F (to 0)
Sets timer output F/F (to 1)
Setting prohibited
Cautions 1. Before setting TOC1, be sure to stop the timer operation.
2. LVS1, LVS2, LVR1, and LVR2 are always 0 when they are read.
169
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Figure 6-6. Format of Port Mode Register 3
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF23H
At reset
FFH
R/W
R/W
PM3 PM37 PM36 PM35 PM34 PM33 PM32 PM31 PM30
PM3n Selects input/output mode of P3n pin (n = 0-7)
0
1
Output mode (output buffer ON)
Input mode (output buffer OFF)
170
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
6.1 Setting of Interval Timer
When using an 8-bit timer/event counter as an interval timer, set an operation mode by the 8-bit timer mode control
register (TMC1) and interval time by the timer clock select register 1 (TCL1).
After that, set the values of the compare registers (CR10 and CR20) from the setup time and count clock. The
setup time is determined by using the following expression:
Setup time = (Compare register value + 1) × Count clock cycle
The setup time can be calculated in the same manner regardless of whether each 8-bit timer/event counter is used
or two 8-bit timers/event counters are used as a 16-bit timer/event counter. The count clock when two 8-bit timers/
event counters are used as a 16-bit timer/event counter, however, is selected by the bits 0 through 3 (TCL10 through
TCL13) of TCL1.
Examples of the modes of the 8-bit timers and 16-bit timer are described next.
Figure 6-7. Count timing of 8-Bit Timers
Count clock
TM1, TM2
INTTM1, INTTM2
TO1
N–2 N–1
N
00
01
02
N–2 N–1
N
171
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
6.1.1 Setting of 8-bit timers
In this example, 8-bit timer 2 is used to set two types of interval times: 500 µs and 100 ms.
(a) To set interval of 500 µs
<1> Setting of TMC1
Select the 8-bit timer register × 2 channel mode and enables the operation of the 8-bit timer 2.
<2> Setting of TCL1
Select fXX/24 that allows setting of 500 µs or more and has the highest resolution (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR20
1
500 µs = (N + 1) ×
4.19 MHz/24
•
N = 500 µs × 4.19 MHz/24 – 1 =• 130
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B ; Does not use divider circuit
TCL1 = #10011001B ; Selects fXX/24 as count clock
CR20 = #130
TMC1 = #00000010B
(b) To set interval of 100 ms
<1> Setting of TMC1
Select the 8-bit timer register × 2 channel mode and enables the operation of the 8-bit
timer 2.
<2> Setting of TCL1
Select fXX/211 that allows setting of 100 ms or more and has the highest resolution (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR20
1
100 ms = (N + 1) ×
4.19 MHz/211
•
N = 100 ms × 4.19 MHz/211 – 1 = 204
•
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B ; Does not use divider circuit
TCL1 = #11111111B ; Selects fXX/211 as count clock
CR20 = #204
TMC1 = #00000010B
172
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
6.1.2 Setting of 16-bit timer
In this example, 8-bit timers 1 and 2 are connected in cascade as a 16-bit timer to set two types of interval times:
500 ms and 10 s.
(a) To set interval of 500 ms
<1> Setting of TMC1
Select the 16-bit timer register × 1 channel mode and enables the operation of the 8-bit timers 1
and 2.
<2> Setting of TCL1
Select fXX/25 that allows setting of 500 ms or more and has the highest resolution (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR10 and CR20
N + 1
4.19 MHz/25
500 ms =
•
N = 500 ms × 4.19 MHz/25 – 1 =• 65468 = FF6CH
CR10 = 6CH, CR20 = FFH
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B ; Does not use divider circuit
TCL1 = #00001010B
CR10 = #06CH
; Sets 65468 to CR10 and CR20
; CR10 = 6CH, CR20 = FFH
CR20 = #0FFH
TMC1 = #00000111B
(b) To set interval of 10 s
<1> Setting of TMC1
Select the 16-bit timer register × 1 channel mode and enable the operation of the 8-bit timers 1 and
2.
<2> Setting of TCL1
Select fXX/211 that allows setting of 10 s or more and has the highest resolution (OSMS = 01H).
<3> Setting of CR10 and CR20
N + 1
4.19 MHz/211
10 s =
•
N = 10 s × 4.19 MHz/211 – 1 = 20458 = 4FEAH
•
CR10 = EAH, CR20 = 4FH
(1) Program list
OSMS = #00000001B ; Does not use divider circuit
TCL1 = #00001111B
CR10 = #0EAH
; Sets 20458 to CR10 and CR20
; CR10 = EAH, CR20 = 4FH
CR20 = #4FH
TMC1 = #00000111B
173
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
6.2 Musical Scale Generation
This section shows an example of a program that uses the square wave output (P31/TO1) of an 8-bit timer/event
counter and generates a musical scale by supplying pulses to an external buzzer.
Figure 6-8. Musical Scale Generation Circuit
V
DD
µ
PD78054
P31/TO1
The output frequency of the P31/TO1 pin is set by the count clock and a compare register. In this example, the
central frequency of the musical scale is set to a range of 523 to 1046 Hz. Therefore, fXX/25 is selected as the count
clock (oscillation mode select register: OSMS = 01H). Table 6-1 shows the musical scale, the set value of the compare
register, and frequency of the output pulse. Because one cycle of the timer output is created when the value of the
timer coincides with the value of the compare register two times, the interval time is set as half a cycle time.
Figure 6-9. Timer Output and Interval
CR10 coincidence
Interval
interval
Timer output cycle
174
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
As for the time length of a sound, the output time is determined by setting an interval time with 8-bit timer/event
counter 2 and by counting the number of times the interrupt generated by the timer/event counter. In this example,
8-bit timer/event counter 2 is set to 20 ms.
Table 6-1. Musical Scale and Frequency
Musical Scale
Musical Scale Frequency Hz Compare Register Value Output Frequency Hz
Do
Re
Mi
523.25
587.33
659.25
698.46
783.98
880.00
987.77
1046.5
124
111
98
524.3
585.1
662.0
697.2
780.2
885.6
993.0
1040
Fa
93
So
La
83
73
Tee
Do
65
62
The format of the data table for this program is shown below.
TABLE:
DB musical scale data 1, sound length data 1
DB musical scale data 2, sound length data 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
DB musical scale data n, sound length data n
DB 0,
0
The musical scale data is set to 0 for rest, and the sound length data is set to 0 for the end of data.
Example Number of counts of 8-bit timer/event counter to output sound for 1 second
Number of counts = 1 s/20 ms = 50 (50 is set as number of counts)
This program sequentially outputs do, re, mi, and so on, for 1 second each.
175
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
MLDY: Subroutine name of musical scale generation program
<Registers used>
Bank 0: A, B, HL
<RAM used>
Name
POINT
Usage
Stores pointer value of table data
Counts sound length data
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
LNG
<Nesting>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• 8-bit timer/event counters 1 and 2
• P31/TO1
<Initial setting>
• Sets by subroutine MLDY
• Enables interrupt
<Starting>
• Call subroutine MLDY
(2) Example of use
EXTRN MLDY
.
.
.
CALL !MLDY
EI
176
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(3) SPD chart
MLDY
Sets P31/TO1 in output mode
Clears pointer (POINT) of reference table to 0
Sets initial data 1 as sound length data (LNG)
Sets 8-bit timer/event counter 1 in output mode
Sets 8-bit timer/event counter 2 to 20 ms
Enables 8-bit timer 2 interrupt
INTTM2
Selects register bank 0
Decrements sound length data (LNG)
IF: end of output time
THEN
References sound data indicated by pointer
IF: sound data ≠ mute data
THEN
Sets sound data to compare register of timer 1
ELSE
Disables TO1 output of timer 1
References sound length data
IF: sound length data ≠ musical scale generation end data
THEN
Sets sound length data
ELSE
Disables timer 2 interrupt
Stops timer 2 operation
177
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC MLDY
VETM2 CSEG
DW
AT 26H
INTTM2
; Sets vector address of 8-bit timer/event counter
ML_DAT DSEG
POINT: DS
SADDR
1
1
; Pointer for table data
; Sound length data
LNG:
DS
;*************************************************
;* Musical scale generation initialize
;*************************************************
ML_SEG CSEG
MLDY:
CLR
POINT=#0
PM3.1
; Sets P3.1 in output mode
; Initial setting of pointer
LGN=#1
OSMS=#00000001B
TOC1=#00000011B
TCL1=#11101010B
CR20=#163
; Does not use divider circuit
; Sets TO1 output mode
; Sets timer 2 to 20 ms
TMC1=#00000010B
; Enables timer 2 operation
; Enables timer 2 interrupt
CLR1
RET
TMMK2
$EJECT
178
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF 8-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
;***********************************************
Sets musical scale generation data
;
;***********************************************
TM2_SEGCSEG
INTTM2:
SEL RB0
LNG––
if(LNG==#0)
B=POINT (A)
HL=#TABLE
A=[HL+B]
if(A!=#0)
CLR1
; Sets table first address
TCE1
; Sets sound data
CR10=A
SET1
SET1
TOE1
TCE1
else
CLR1
TOE1
endif
B++
; Increments pointer
A=[HL+B]
if(A!=#0)
LNG=A
; Loads sound length data
; Sound output in progress?
; Sets sound length data
B++
POINT=B (A)
else
SET1
CLR1
TMMK2
TCE2
; Disables timer 2 interrupt
; Stops timer 2 operation
endif
endif
RETI
;***********************************************
Musical scale data table
;
;***********************************************
TABLE:
DB 124,50
DB 111,50
DB 98,50
DB 93,50
DB 83,50
DB 73,50
DB 65,50
DB 62,50
DB 00,00
; Do
; Re
; Mi
; Fa
; So
; La
; Tee
; Do
; End
179
[MEMO]
180
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
The watch timer of the 78K/0 series has a watch timer function that causes the timer to overflow every 0.5 second
by using the main system clock or subsystem clock as the clock source, and an interval timer function that allows
you to set six types of reference times. These two functions can be simultaneously used.
The watch timer is set by using timer clock select register 2 (TCL2) and watch timer mode control register (TMC2).
181
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
Figure 7-1. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
12
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
7
7
8
0
1
fXX/2
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fXT (32.768 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
9
10
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
10
10
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
11
11
12
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (1.2 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL2, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
3. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. × : don’t care
: main system clock oscillation frequency
5. MCS: bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
6. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
182
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
Figure 7-2. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
9
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
11
fXX/2 (2.0 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
7
0
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
fXT (32.768 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
fXX/2 (7.8 kHz)
10
fXX/2 (3.9 kHz)
11
fXX/2 (1.95 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL2, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX: main system clock frequency
2. fXT: subsystem clock oscillation frequency
3. × : don’t care
4. ( ): at fXX = 4.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
183
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
Figure 7-3. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 2 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF42H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TCL2 TCL27 TCL26 TCL25 TCL24
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
TCL22 TCL21 TCL20
Selects count clock of watchdog timer
3
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
4
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
5
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
6
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
7
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
8
8
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
9
9
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
11
11
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
TCL24
Selects count clock of watch timer
7
7
0
1
fXX/2
fXT
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
TCL27 TCL26 TCL25
Selects frequency of buzzer output
0
1
1
1
1
×
0
0
1
1
×
0
1
0
1
Disables buzzer output
9
9
fXX/2
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
10
10
fXX/2
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
11
11
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL2, stop the timer operation once.
Remarks 1. fXX: main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fXT: subsystem clock oscillation frequency
4. × : don’t care
5. ( ): at fX = 5.0 MHz or fXT = 32.768 kHz
184
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
Figure 7-4. Format of Watch Timer Mode Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058,
780058Y, 780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
TMC2
7
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF4AH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TMC26 TMC25 TMC24 TMC23 TMC22 TMC21 TMC20
TMC20
Selects watch operation mode
14
0
1
Normal operation mode (sets flag at fW/2 )
5
Fast-forward mode (sets flag at fW/2 )
TMC21
Controls operation of prescaler
Controls operation of 5-bit counter
Selects set time of watch timer
0
1
Clears after operation stopped
Enables operation
TMC22
0
1
Clears after operation stopped
Enables operation
TMC23
At fXX = 5.0 MHz
14
At fXX = 4.19 MHz
14
At fXT = 32.768 kHz
/fW (0.5 sec)
14
13
0
1
2
2
/fW (0.4 sec)
/fW (0.2 sec)
2
2
/fW (0.5 sec)
2
2
13
13
/fW (0.25 sec)
/fW (0.25 sec)
TMC26 TMC25 TMC24
Selects interval time of prescaler
At fXX = 4.19 MHz
At fXX = 5.0 MHz
At fXT = 32.768 kHz
2 /fW (488 µs)
4
4
4
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
2 /fW (410 µs)
2 /fW (488 µs)
5
5
5
0
2 /fW (819 µs)
2 /fW (977 µs)
2 /fW (977 µs)
6
6
6
0
2 /fW (1.64 ms)
2 /fW (1.95 ms)
2 /fW (1.95 ms)
7
7
7
0
2 /fW (3.28 ms)
2 /fW (3.91 ms)
2 /fW (3.91 ms)
8
8
8
1
2 /fW (6.55 ms)
2 /fW (7.81 ms)
2 /fW (7.81 ms)
9
9
9
1
2 /fW (13.1 ms)
2 /fW (15.6 ms)
2 /fW (15.6 ms)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Do not often clear the prescaler when the watch timer is used.
Remarks 1. fW : watch timer clock frequency (fXX/27 or fXT)
2. fXX: main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
3. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
4. fXT: subsystem clock oscillation frequency
185
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
Figure 7-5. Format of Watch Timer Mode Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
TMC2
7
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF4AH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
TMC26 TMC25 TMC24 TMC23 TMC22 TMC21 TMC20
TMC23 TMC20 Selects set time of watch flag
0
1
0
1
0
214/f
213/f
W
(0.5s)
W
(0.25s)
1
25/f
24/f
W
(977
(488
µ
µ
s)
s)
W
TMC21 Controls operation of prescaler
0
1
Clears after operation stopped
Enables operation
TMC22 Controls operation of 5-bit counter
0
1
Clears after operation stopped
Enables operation
TMC26 TMC25 TMC24 Selects interval time of prescaler
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
24/f
25/f
26/f
27/f
28/f
29/f
W
W
W
W
W
W
(488
(977
µ
µ
s)
s)
0
0
(1.95 ms)
(3.91 ms)
(7.81 ms)
(15.6 ms)
0
1
1
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Do not often clear the prescaler when the watch timer is used.
Remarks 1. fW : watch timer clock frequency (fX/28 or fXT)
2. ( ): at fW = 32.768 kHz
186
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
7.1 Watch and LED Display Program
As an example of using the watch timer, this section introduces a program that counts time by using an 0.5 second
overflow and dynamically displays LED at intervals of 1.95 ms.
To count time, an overflow flag is tested each time a subroutine is called. When the flag is set, time is counted
up in seconds. Because an overflow occurs every 0.5 second, it takes 1 minute to count 120 times. The overflow
flag is tested at intervals of 1.95 ms so that the flag is tested without fail. The watch of this program is 24-hour watch.
The high-order and low-order digits of minute and hour data are stored in separate areas of memory.
Figure 7-6. Concept of Watch Data
Second data
0-120
Minute data
Hour data
Low-order High-order Low-order High-order
digit 0-9 digit 0-5 digit 0-9 digit 0-2
187
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
As LED dynamic display, four digits are displayed with the display digit changed at intervals of 1.95 ms. In this
example, the high-order 4 bits of P3 are used as a digit signal, and P5 that can directly drive an LED is selected as
a segment signal.
The digit of an LED specified by a display digit area (DIGCT) in an LED display area is displayed. To change the
digit signal, the segment signal is turned off so that the adjacent digits are not displayed.
Figure 7-7. LED Display Timing
P34
P35
P36
P37
Port 5
DIGIT
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
Segment signal OFF
Figure 7-8. Circuit Example of Watch Timer
µ
PD78054
7-segment LED × 4
P50
P57
P37
P36
P35
P34
188
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
SECD
: second data storage area
: minute data storage area
MINDP
HOURDP : hour data storage area
LEDDP : LED display area
<Register used>
Bank 0: AX, B, HL
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Attribute
SADDRP
Bytes
2
MINDP
HOURDP
SECD
Stores minute data
Stores hour data
Stores second data
1
4
DIGCT
LEDDP
Stores LED display digit data
LED display data
<Hardware used>
• Watch timer
• P34-37
• P5
<Initial setting>
• TMC2 = #00100110B ; 0.5-second watch operation at 1.95 ms interval
• TMMK3 = 0 ; enables watch timer interrupt
<Starting>
Started by the interval timer interrupt request of the watch timer.
(2) Example of use
EXTRN MINDP, HOURDP, SECD, LEDDP
TMC2 = #00100110B ; 0.5-second watch operation at 1.95 ms interval
CLR1 TMMK3
EI
; Enables watch timer interrupt
189
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
(3) SPD chart
INTTM3
Selects register bank 0
Watch count TIME
LED display LEDDSP
LEDDSP
Turns OFF segment signal
IF: digit counter (DIGCT) = 0
THEN
Initial setting of digit signal
ELSE
Shifts digit signal I bit higher
Outputs segment signal of digit indicated by digit counter
Increments digit counter
TIME
IF: Sets watch timer interrupt request flag
THEN
Increments second counter
IF: second counter = 120
THEN
Sets second counter to 0
Increments minute (low) counter
IF: minute (low) counter = 10
THEN
Clears minute (low) counter to 0
Increments minute (high) counter
IF: minute (high) counter = 6
THEN
Clears minute (high) counter to 0
Increments hour (low) counter
IF: hour data ≠ 0204H
THEN
IF: hour (low) counter = 10
THEN
Clears hour (low) counter to 0
Increments hour (high) counter
ELSE
Clears hour counter to 0
190
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC HOURDP,MINDP,SECD,LEDDP
WT_DATPDSEG
MINDP: DS
HOURDP:DS
SECD: DS
DIGCT: DS
LEDDP: DS
SADDRP
2
2
1
1
4
; Minute data storage area
; Hour data storage area
; Second data storage area
; LED display digit area
; LED display area
VETM3 CSEG
DW
AT 1EH
INTTM3
; Sets vector address of watch timer
;***************************************
;* Interval interrupt processing
;***************************************
TM3_SEGCSEG
INTTM3:
SEL RB0
CALL
CALL
RETI
!TIME
!LEDDPSP
191
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
;************************************
LED display
;
;************************************
LEDDPSP:
P5=#0FFH
DIGCT&=#00000011B
if(DIGCT==#0)
A=P3
; Turns OFF segment output
; Adjusts digit counter (0-3)
A&=#00001111B
A|=#00010000B
P3=A
; Initial setting of digit signal (high-order 4 bits)
else
A=P3
A&=#11110000B
X=A
; Shifts high-order 4 bits
A=P3
A+=X
P3=A
endif
B=DIGCT (A)
HL=#LEDDP
B=[HL+B] (A)
HL=#SEGDT
; Sets address of display data
; Display area first address
; Sets display data
; Conversion to segment data
; Outputs segment signal
P5=[HL+B] (A)
DIGCT++
RET
SEGDT:
DB 11000000B
DB 11111001B
DB 10100100B
DB 10110000B
DB 10011001B
DB 10010010B
DB 10000010B
DB 11111000B
DB 10000000B
DB 10010000B
DB 10001000B
DB 10000011B
DB 11000110B
DB 10100001B
DB 10000110B
DB 10001110B
$EJECT
; 0
; 1
; 2
; 3
; 4
; 5
; 6
; 7
; 8
; 9
; A
; B
; C
; D
; E
; F
192
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF WATCH TIMER
;********************************
;* Watch count up
;********************************
TIME:
; 0.5 second test
if_bit(WTIF)
CLR1
WTIF
; 120 = 60 seconds/0.5
SECD++
if(SECD==#120)
SECD=#0
; Increments minute (low)
; Carry occurs
(MINDP+0)++
if((MINDP+0)==#10)
(MINDP+0)=#0
(MINDP+1)++
if(MINDP+1==#6)
(MINDP+1)=#0
(HOURDP+0)++
if(HOURDP!=#0204H) (AX)
if((HOURDP+0)==#10)
(HOURDP+0)=#0
(HOURDP+1)++
endif
; Increments minute (high)
; Carry occurs
; Hour data 24?
; Carry occurs
else
HOURDP=#0000H
endif
endif
endif
endif
endif
RET
193
[MEMO]
194
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
The 78K/0 series is provided with the serial interface shown in Table 8-1.
Table 8-1. Serial Interface Channel of Each Subseries
Configuration
of Serial
Channel 0
Channel 1
Channel 2
3-wire UART
Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5
2
2
3-wire
2-wire
SBI
I C bus 3-wire 3-wire
with
3-wire
3-wire I C bus
Interface
with
(multi-
master
automatic
time-
trans-
division sup-
mission/
reception
function
function porting)
Subseries
µPD78054
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
µPD78054Y
µPD78064
×
×
×
×
×
×
µPD78064Y
µPD78078
µPD78078Y
µPD78083
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
µPD78098
µPD780018
µPD780018Y
µPD780058
µPD780058Y
µPD780308
µPD780308Y
µPD78058F
µPD78058FY
µPD78064B
µPD78070A
µPD78070AY
µPD78075B
µPD78075BY
µPD78098B
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Note
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Note
Note
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Note
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Note With time-division transfer function
Remark : Function provided, ×: Function not provided
195
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
The serial interface of the 78K/0 series has a different function depending on the subseries, as shown in Table
8-1. This chapter explains each function and application example of the serial interface. The function supported by
each subseries are listed in Table 8-2. For details of application examples of using the serial interface function of
a specific subseries, refer to the section or paragraph marked
in this table.
Table 8-2. Items Supported by Each Subseries
Item
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
Communication
in 2-wire
serial I/O mode
Communication Interface
Interface
in SBI Mode
Interface in
3-Wire Serial I/O Asynchronous
Mode
Interface in
2
in I C bus
mode
with OSD LSI
(µPD6451A)
Serial Interface
(UART) Mode
Subseries
–
µPD78054
–
–
µPD78054Y
µPD78064
–
–
–
–
µPD78064Y
µPD78078
–
–
µPD78078Y
µPD78083
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
µPD78098
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
µPD780018
µPD780018Y
µPD780058
µPD780058Y
µPD780308
µPD780308Y
µPD78058F
µPD78058FY
µPD78064B
µPD78070A
µPD78070AY
µPD78075B
µPD78075BY
µPD78098B
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
196
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
The functions and operations of the serial interface are specified by using the following registers:
Table 8-3. Registers of Serial Interface
Serial Interface
Channel 0
Register Used
• Timer clock select register (TCL3)
• Serial operation mode register 0 (CSIM0)
• Serial bus interface control register (SBIC)
• Interrupt timing specification register (SINT)
Channel 1
Channel 2
• Timer clock select register (TCL3)
• Serial operation mode register 1 (CSIM1)
• Automatic data transmission/reception control register (ADTC)
• Automatic data transmission/reception interval specification register (ADTI)
• Serial operation mode register 2 (CSIM2)
• Asynchronous serial interface mode register (ASIM)
• Asynchronous serial interface status register (ASIS)
• Baud rate generator control register (BRGC)
Note
• Serial interface pin select register (SIPS)
Note This register is provided only on the µPD780058, 780058Y, 780308, and 780308Y subseries.
Remark This chapter describes the register formats and application examples of serial interface channels 0, 1,
and 2. For details of the register formats of channels 3, 4, and 5, refer to the User’s Manual of each
subseries.
197
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-1. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3
(µPD78054, 78078, 780058, 78058F, 78075B subseries, µPD78070A)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL3 TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34 TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 0
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
Setting prohibited
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
0
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
4
1
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
5
1
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
6
1
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
7
1
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
8
1
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
9
1
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 1
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
Setting prohibited
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
0
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
4
1
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
5
1
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
6
1
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
7
1
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
8
1
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
9
1
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS : bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
4. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
198
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-2. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3
(µPD78054Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 78058FY, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL3 TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34 TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 0
Serial clock in 3-wire serial I/O or 2-wire
serial I/O mode
Serial clock in I2C bus mode
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/25
XX/26
XX/27
XX/28
XX/29
XX/210
XX/211
XX/212
Setting prohibited f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.77 kHz)
/210 (4.88 kHz)
/211 (2.44 kHz)
/212 (1.22 kHz)
/213 (0.61 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/2
Setting prohibited f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/22 (1.25 MHz)
/23 (625 kHz)
/24 (313 kHz)
/25 (156 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.8 kHz)
0
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.77 kHz)
/210 (4.88 kHz)
/211 (2.44 kHz)
/212 (1.22 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/22
XX/23
XX/24
XX/25
XX/26
XX/27
XX/28
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
/22 (1.25 MHz)
/23 (625 kHz)
/24 (313 kHz)
/25 (156 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
1
1
1
1
1
1
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 1
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
Setting prohibited
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
0
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
4
1
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
5
1
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
6
1
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
7
1
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
8
1
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
9
1
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS : bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
4. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
199
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-3. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78064, 780308, 78064B subseries)
Symbol
TCL3
7
1
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
2
1
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 0
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
Setting prohibited
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
3
0
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
4
1
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
5
1
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
6
1
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
7
1
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
8
1
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
9
1
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Cautions 1. Clear bits 4 through 6 to 0 and set bit 7 to 1.
2. Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS : bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
4. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
200
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-4. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78064Y, 780308Y subseries)
Symbol
TCL3
7
1
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
2
1
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 0
Serial clock in 3-wire serial I/O or
2-wire serial I/O mode
Serial clock in I2C bus mode
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/25
XX/26
XX/27
XX/28
XX/29
XX/210
XX/211
XX/212
Setting prohibited f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.77 kHz)
/210 (4.88 kHz)
/211 (2.44 kHz)
/212 (1.22 kHz)
/213 (0.61 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/2
Setting prohibited f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/22 (1.25 MHz)
/23 (625 kHz)
/24 (313 kHz)
/25 (156 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.8 kHz)
0
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
/29 (9.77 kHz)
/210 (4.88 kHz)
/211 (2.44 kHz)
/212 (1.22 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
XX/22
XX/23
XX/24
XX/25
XX/26
XX/27
XX/28
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
fX
/22 (1.25 MHz)
/23 (625 kHz)
/24 (313 kHz)
/25 (156 kHz)
/26 (78.1 kHz)
/27 (39.1 kHz)
/28 (19.5 kHz)
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
1
1
1
1
1
1
Others
Setting prohibited
Cautions 1. Clear bits 4 through 6 to 0 and set bit 7 to 1.
2. Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS : bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
4. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
201
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-5. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL3 TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34 TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
TCL33 TCL32 TCL31 TCL30
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 0
Note
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
2
0
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
1
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
1
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
1
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
1
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 1
Note
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
2
0
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
1
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
1
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
1
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
1
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
1
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
1
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Note Can be set only when the main system clock frequency is 5.0 MHz or less.
Caution Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. ( ) : at fXX = 4.0 MHz
202
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-6. Format of Timer Clock Select Register 3 (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
Address
FF43H
At reset
88H
R/W
R/W
TCL3 TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34
TCL37 TCL36 TCL35 TCL34
Selects serial clock of serial interface channel 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
3
1
fX/2 (625 kHz)
4
1
fX/2 (313 kHz)
5
1
fX/2 (156 kHz)
6
1
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
7
1
1
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
8
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution Before writing new data to TCL3, stop serial transfer once.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. ( ) : at fX = 5.0 MHz
203
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-7. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B, 78098B
subseries, µPD78070A)(1/2)
Symbol
CSIM0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF60H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/WNote 1
CSIE
0
CSIM CSIM CSIM CSIM CSIM
04
COI WUP
03
02
01
00
R/W CSIM CSIM
01 00
Selects clock of serial interface channel 0
0
1
1
×
0
1
Clock externally input to SCK0 pin
Output of 8-bit timer register 2 (TM2)
Clock specified by bits 0 through 3 of timer clock select register 3 (TCL3)
R/W CSIM CSIM CSIM PM25 P25 PM26 P26 PM27 P27 Operation mode First bit Function of
Function of
Function of
04 03
02
SI0/SB0/P25 pin SO0/SB1/P26 pin SCK0/P27 pin
Note 2
Note 2 Note 2
0
1
×
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3-wire serial
I/O mode
MSB
LSB
MSB
SI0
SO0
(CMOS output) (CMOS I/O)
SB1 SCK0
SCK0
1
×
1
(input)
P25
Note 3 Note 3
0
0
SBI mode
×
×
(CMOS I/O)
(N-ch open drain (CMOS I/O)
I/O)
P26
Note 3 Note 3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
SB0
×
×
(N-ch open drain (CMOS I/O)
I/O)
Note 3 Note 3
1
1
0
0
2-wire serial
I/O mode
MSB
P25
SB1
SCK0
×
×
(CMOS I/O)
(N-ch open drain (N-ch open drain
I/O)
P26
I/O)
Note 3 Note 3
0
0
SB0
×
×
(N-ch open drain (CMOS I/O)
I/O)
Note 4
R/W WUP
Controls wake-up function
0
1
Generates interrupt request signal in all modes each time serial transfer is executed
Generates interrupt request signal when address received after bus has been released (when CMDD = RELD =
1) coincides with data of slave address register in SBI mode
Notes 1. Bit 6 (COI) is a read-only bit.
2. When only the transmission function is used, this pin can be used as P25 (CMOS I/O).
3. These pins can be used as port pins.
4. When using the wake-up function (WUP = 1), clear bit 5 (SIC) of the interrupt timing specification register
(SINT) to 0.
Caution Do not change the operation mode (3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/SBI) while the operation of
the serial interface channel 0 is enabled. To change the operation mode, stop the serial operation.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: Port mode register
P×× : Output latch of port
204
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-7. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B, 78098B
subseries, µPD78070A)(2/2)
Note
R
COI
0
Slave address comparison result flag
Data of slave address register does not coincide with data of serial I/O shift register
Data of slave address register coincides with data of serial I/O shift register
1
R/W CSIE0
Controls operation of serial interface channel 0
0
1
Stops operation
Enables operation
Note COI is 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
Caution Do not change the operation mode (3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/SBI) while the operation of
the serial interface channel 0 is enabled. To change the operation mode, stop the serial operation.
205
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-8. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (1/2)
Symbol
CSIM0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF60H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/WNote 1
CSIE
0
CSIM CSIM CSIM CSIM CSIM
04
COI WUP
03
02
01
00
R/W CSIM CSIM
01 00
Selects clock of serial interface channel 0
0
1
1
×
0
1
Clock externally input to SCK0/SCL pin
Note 2
Output of 8-bit timer register 2 (TM2)
Clock specified by bits 0 through 3 of timer clock select register 3 (TCL3)
R/W CSIM CSIM CSIM PM25 P25 PM26 P26 PM27 P27 Operation mode First bit Function of
Function of
Function of
04 03
02
SI0/SB0/SDA0/P25 pin SO0/SB1/SDA1/P26 pinSCK0/SCL/P27 pin
Note 3
Note 3 Note 3
0
1
×
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3-wire serial
I/O mode
MSB
LSB
MSB
SI0
SO0
(CMOS output) (CMOS I/O)
SB1 SCK0/SCL
(N-ch open drain (N-ch open drain
SCK0
1
×
1
(input)
Note 4 Note 4
1
0
2-wire serial
I/O mode or
P25
×
×
(CMOS I/O)
2
I C bus mode
I/O)
I/O)
Note 4 Note 4
1
0
0
0
1
SB0/SDA0
P26
×
×
(N-ch open drain (CMOS I/O)
I/O)
Note 5
R/W WUP
Controls wake-up function
0
1
Generates interrupt request signal in all modes each time serial transfer is executed
Generates interrupt request signal when address received after start condition has been detected (when CMDD
2
= 1) coincides with data of slave address register in I C mode
Notes 1. Bit 6 (COI) is a read-only bit.
2. In the I2C bus mode, the clock frequency is 1/16 of the clock frequency output by TO2
3. When only the transmission function is used, this pin can be used as P25 (CMOS I/O).
4. These pins can be used as port pins.
5. When using the wake-up function (WUP = 1), clear bit 5 (SIC) of the interrupt timing specification register
(SINT) to 0. While WUP = 1, do not execute an instruction that writes data to the I/O shift register 0
(SIO0).
Caution Do not change the operation mode (3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I2C bus) while the operation
of the serial interface channel 0 is enabled. To change the operation mode, stop the serial
operation.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: Port mode register
P×× : Output latch of port
206
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-8. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 0
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (2/2)
Note
R
COI
0
Slave address comparison result flag
Data of slave address register does not coincide with data of serial I/O shift register
Data of slave address register coincides with data of serial I/O shift register
1
R/W CSIE0
Controls operation of serial interface channel 0
0
1
Stops operation
Enables operation
Note COI is 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
Caution Do not change the operation mode (3-wire serial I/O/2-wire serial I/O/I2C bus) while the operation
of the serial interface channel 0 is enabled. To change the operation mode, stop the serial
operation.
207
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-9. Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A) (1/2)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF61H
At reset
00H
R/W
SBIC BSYE ACKD ACKE ACKT CMDD RELD CMDT RELT
R/WNote
R/W RELT Used to output bus release signal.
When RELT = 1, SO latch is set to 1. After SO latch has been set, this bit is automatically cleared to
0. It is also cleared to 0 when CSIE = 0.
R/W CMDT Used to output command signal.
When CMDT = 1, SO latch is cleared to 0. After SO latch has been cleared, this bit is automatically
cleared to 0. It is also cleared to 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
R
RELD
Bus release detection
Clear condition (RELD = 0)
Set condition (RELD = 1)
• On execution of transfer start instruction
• If values of SIO0 and SVA do not coincide when
address is received
• When bus release signal (REL) is detected
• When CSIE0 = 0
• At RESET input
R CMDD
Clear condition (CMDD = 0)
Command detection
Set condition (CMDD = 1)
• On execution of transfer start instruction
• When bus release signal (REL) is detected
• When CSIE0 = 0
• When command signal (CMD) is detected
• At RESET input
R/W ACKT Outputs acknowledge signal in synchronization with falling edge of SCK0 clock immediately after
instruction that sets this bit to 1 has been executed. After acknowledge signal has been output, this
bit is automatically cleared to 0. ACKE is cleared to 0.
This bit is also cleared to 0 when transfer of serial interface is started and when CSIE0 = 0.
Note Bits 2, 3, and 6 (RELD, CMDD, and ACKD) are read-only bits.
Remarks 1. Bits 0, 1, and 4 (RELD, CMDT, and ACKT) are cleared to 0 when they are read after data has been
set.
2. CSIE0: Bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
208
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-9. Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A) (2/2)
R/W ACKE
Controls acknowledge signal output
0
1
Disables automatic output of acknowledge signal (output by ACKT is enabled)
Before completion
of transfer
Acknowledge signal is output in synchronization with falling edge of 9th clock
of SCK0 (automatically output when ACKE = 1)
After completion
of transfer
Acknowledge signal is output in synchronization with falling edge of SCK0
clock immediately after instruction that sets this bit to 1 has been executed
(automatically output when ACKE = 1). However, this bit is not automatically
cleared to 0 after acknowledge signal has been output.
R
ACKD
Clear condition (ACKD = 0)
Acknowledge detection
Set condition (ACKD = 1)
• Falling edge of SCK0 clock immediately after
busy mode has been released after execution
of transfer start instruction
• When acknowledge signal (ACK) is detected at
rising edge of SCK0 clock after completion of
transfer
• When CSIE0 = 0
• At RESET input
Note
BSYE
R/W
Controls output of synchronization busy signal
Disables output of busy signal in synchronization with falling edge of SCK0 clock immediately after
0
instruction that clears this bit to 0 has been executed
1
Outputs busy signal at falling edge of SCK0 clock following acknowledge signal
Note The busy mode can be released by starting serial interface transfer and receiving of an address signal.
However, the BSYE flag is not cleared to 0.
Remark CSIE0: Bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
209
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-10. Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (1/2)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF61H
At reset
00H
R/W
SBIC BSYE ACKD ACKE ACKT CMDD RELD CMDT RELT
R/WNote
R/W RELT Used to output stop condition.
When RELT = 1, SO latch is set to 1. After SO latch has been set, this bit is automatically cleared to
0. It is also cleared to 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
R/W CMDT Used to output start condition.
When CMDT = 1, SO latch is cleared to 0. After SO latch has been cleared, this bit is automatically
cleared to 0. It is also cleared to 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
R
RELD
Clear condition (RELD = 0)
Stop condition detection
Set condition (RELD = 1)
• On execution of transfer start instruction
• Stop condition is detected
• If values of SIO0 and SVA do not coincide when
address is received
• When CSIE0 = 0
• At RESET input
R
CMDD
Start condition detection
Clear condition (CMDD = 0)
• On execution of transfer start instruction
• When stop condition is detected
• When CSIE0 = 0
Set condition (CMDD = 1)
• When start condition is detected
• At RESET input
R/W ACKT Makes SDA0 (SDA1) low immediately after instruction that sets this bit to 1 (ACKT = 1) until next
SCL falls. Used to generate ACK signal by software when 8-clock wait is selected.
Cleared to 0 when transfer by serial interface is started and CSIE0 = 0
Note Bits 2, 3, and 6 (RELD, CMDD, and ACKD) are read-only bits.
Remark CSIE0: Bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
210
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-10. Format of Serial Bus Interface Control Register
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (2/2)
Note 1
R/W ACKE
0
Controls automatic output of acknowledge signal
Disables automatic output of acknowledge signal (output by ACKT is enabled).
Note 2
Used for transmission or reception with 8-clock wait selected
.
1
Enables automatic output of acknowledge signal.
Acknowledge signal is output in synchronization with falling edge of 9th clock of SCL (automatically
output when ACKE = 1). After output, this bit is not automatically cleared to 0.
Used for reception when 9-clock wait is selected.
R
ACKD
Acknowledge detection
Clear condition (ACKD = 0)
Set condition (ACKD = 1)
• On execution of transfer start instruction
• When CSIE0 = 0
• When acknowledge signal is detected at rising
edge of SCL clock after completion of transfer
• At RESET input
2
Note 4
R/W
Controls transmission N-ch open drain output in I C bus mode
Enables output (transmission)
Disables output (reception)
Note 3
BSYE
0
1
Notes 1. Set this bit before starting transfer.
2. Output the acknowledge signal on reception by using ACKT when 8-clock wait is selected.
3. The wait status can be released by starting transfer of serial interface or receiving an address signal.
However, BSYE is not cleared to 0.
4. Be sure to set BSYE to 1 when using the wake-up function.
Remark CSIE0: Bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
211
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-11. Format of Interrupt Timing Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78064, 78078, 78098, 780058, 780308, 78058F, 78064B, 78075B,
78098B subseries, µPD78070A)
Symbol
SINT
7
0
6
5
4
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
Address
FF63H
At reset
00H
R/W
CLD
SIC SVAM
R/WNote 1
R/W
SVAM Bits of SVA used as slave address
0
1
Bits 0 through 7
Bits 1 through 7
R/W
SIC
0
Selects INTCSI0 interrupt sourceNote 2
Sets CSIIF0 at end of transfer of serial interface
channel 0
1
Sets CSIIF0 at end of transfer of serial interface
channel 0 or on detection of bus release
R
CLD
Level of SCK0 pinNote 3
Low level
0
1
High level
Notes 1. Bit 6 (CLD) is a read-only bit.
2. Clear SIC to 0 when using the wake-up function in the SBI mode.
3. CLD is 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
Caution Be sure to clear bits 0 through 3 to 0.
Remark SVA : slave address register
CSIIF0 : interrupt request flag corresponding to INTCSI0
CSIE0 : bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
212
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-12. Format of Interrupt Timing Specification Register
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (1/2)
Symbol
SINT
7
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF63H
At reset
00H
R/W
CLD
SIC SVAM CLC WREL WAT1 WAT0
R/WNote 1
R/W WAT1 WAT0
Controls wait and interrupt processing request
0
0
Generates interrupt request at rising edge of 8th clock of SCK0 (clock output goes into
high-impedance state)
0
1
1
0
Setting prohibited
2
Used in I C bus mode (8-clock wait).
Generates interrupt processing request at rising edge of 8th clock of SCL (master makes
SCL output low and waits after outputting 8 clocks. Slave makes SCL pin low and requests
for wait after inputting 8 clocks).
2
1
1
Used in I C bus mode (9-clock wait).
Generates interrupt processing request at rising edge of 9th clock of SCL (master makes
SCL output low and waits after outputting 9 clocks. Slave makes SCL pin low and requests
for wait after inputting 9 clocks).
R/W WREL
Controls wait release
0
1
Wait release status
Releases wait status.
After wait status has been released, this bit is automatically cleared to 0 (used to release wait status
set by WAT1 and WAT0)
Note 2
R/W CLC
0
Controls clock level
2
Used in I C bus mode.
Makes output level of SCL pin low when serial transfer is not executed
2
1
Used in I C bus mode.
Makes output level of SCL pin high impedance when serial transfer is not executed (clock line goes
high).
Used by master to generate start/stop condition.
Notes 1. Bit 6 (CLD) is a read-only bit.
2. Clear CLC to 0 when the I2C bus mode is not used.
213
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-12. Format of Interrupt Timing Specification Register
(µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY, 78075BY
subseries, µPD78070AY) (2/2)
R/W SVAM
Bits of SVA used as slave address
0
1
Bits 0 through 7
Bits 1 through 7
Note 1
R/W SIC
Selects INTCSI0 interrupt source
0
1
Sets CSIIF0 to 1 at end of transfer of serial interface channel 0
Sets CSIIF0 to 1 at end of transfer of serial interface channel 0 or on detection of stop condition
Note 2
R/W CLD
Level of SCK0/SCL/P27 pin
0
1
Low level
High level
Notes 1. Sets SIC to 1 when using the wake-up function in the I2C mode.
2. CLD is 0 when CSIE0 = 0.
Remark SVA : slave address register
CSIIF0 : interrupt request flag corresponding to INTCSI0
CSIE0 : bit 7 of the serial operating mode register 0 (CSIM0)
214
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-13. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 1
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
CSIM1
7
6
5
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF68H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
CSIE
1
CSIMCSIM
11 10
DIR ATE
CSIM CSIM
11 10
Selects clock of serial interface channel 1
Note 1
0
1
1
×
0
1
Clock externally input to SCK1 pin
Output of 8-bit timer register 2 (TM2)
Clock specified by bits 4 through 7 of timer clock select register 3 (TCL3)
ATE
0
Selects operation mode of serial interface channel 1
3-wire serial I/O mode
1
3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transfer/reception function
DIR
0
First bit
Function of SI1 pin
Function of SO1 pin
SO1
(CMOS output)
MSB
LSB
SI1/P20
(input)
1
Controls operation
of counter of
serial clock
CSIE CSIM PM20 P20 PM21 P21 PM22 P22 Operation of
Function of Function of
Function of
1
11
shift register 1
SI1/P20 pin SO1/P21 pin SCK1/P22
Note 2 Note 2 Note 2 Note 2 Note 2 Note 2
0
×
Stops
Clear
P20
P21
P22
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
operation
Enables
(CMOS I/O) (CMOS I/O)
(CMOS I/O)
SCK1
Note 3
Note 3 Note 3
1
0
1
0
0
1
Count operation SI1
SO1
1
×
operation
(input)
(CMOS output) (input)
SCK1
0
1
(CMOS output)
Notes 1. Clear bit 2 (STRB) and bit 1 (BUSY1) of the automatic data transfer/reception control register (ADTC)
to 0, 0 when the external clock input is selected by clearing CSIM11 to 0.
2. These pins can be used as port pins.
3. When only transmit is executed, this pin can be used as P20 (CMOS I/O). (Set bit 7 (RE) of the automatic
data transfer/reception control register (ADTC) to 0.)
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: Port mode register
P×× : Output latch of port
215
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-14. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 78058F, 78058FY,
78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
ADTC
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF69H
At reset
00H
R/W
RE
ARLD ERCE ERR
TRF STRB BUSY1 BUSY0
R/WNote 1
R/W
BUSY1 BUSY0 Controls busy input
0
1
1
×
0
1
Does not use busy input
Enables busy input (active high)
Enables busy input (low active)
R/W
STRB Controls strobe output
0
1
Disables strobe output
Enables strobe output
R
TRF
0
Status of automatic transfer/reception functionNote 2
Detects end of automatic transfer/reception (0 when
automatic transfer/reception is stopped or when ARLD
= 0)
1
Automatic transfer/reception in progress (1 when SIO1
is written)
R
ERR Detects error of automatic transfer/reception function
0
No error on automatic reception (0 when 1 is written to
SIO1)
1
Error on automatic transfer/reception
R/W
ERCE Controls error check of automatic transfer/reception
function
0
1
Disables error check on automatic transfer/reception
Enables error check on automatic transfer/reception
(only when BUSY1 = 1)
R/W
R/W
ARLD Selects operation mode of automatic transfer/
reception function
0
1
Single mode
Repetitive mode
RE
Controls reception of automatic transfer/reception
function
0
1
Disables reception
Enables reception
Notes 1. Bits 3 and 4 (TRF and ERR) are read-only bits.
2. Identify the end of automatic transfer/reception by using TRF instead of CSIIF1. (interrupt request flag)
Caution When external clock input is selected by clearing bit 1 (CSIM11) of the serial operating mode
register 1 (CSIM1) to 0, clear STRB and BUSY1 of ADTC to 0, 0.
Remark ×: don’t care
216
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-15. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Control Register
(µPD780058, 780058Y subseries)
Symbol
ADTC
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF69H
At reset
00H
R/W
RE
ARLD ERCE ERR
TRF STRB BUSY1 BUSY0
R/WNote 1
R/W
BUSY1 BUSY0 Controls busy input
0
1
1
×
0
1
Does not use busy input
Enables busy input (active high)
Enables busy input (low active)
R/W
STRB Controls strobe output
0
1
Disables strobe output
Enables strobe output
R
TRF
0
Status of automatic transfer/reception functionNote 2
Detects end of automatic transfer/reception (0 when
automatic transfer/reception is stopped or when ARLD
= 0)
1
Automatic transfer/reception in progress (1 when SIO1
is written)
R
ERR Detects error of automatic transfer/reception function
0
No error on automatic reception (0 when 1 is written to
SIO1)
1
Error on automatic transfer/reception
R/W
ERCE Controls error check of automatic transfer/reception
function
0
1
Disables error check on automatic transfer/reception
Enables error check on automatic transfer/reception
(only when BUSY1 = 1)
R/W
R/W
ARLD Selects operation mode of automatic transfer/
reception function
0
1
Single mode
Repetitive mode
RE
Controls reception of automatic transfer/reception
function
0
1
Disables reception
Enables reception
Notes 1. Bits 3 and 4 (TRF and ERR) are read-only bits.
2. Identify the end of automatic transfer/reception by using TRF instead of CSIIF1. (interrupt request flag)
Cautions 1. When external clock input is selected by clearing bit 1 (CSIM11) of the serial operating mode
register 1 (CSIM1) to 0, clear STRB and BUSY1 of ADTC to 0, 0.
2. When using the P23/STB/TxD1 and P24/BUSY/RxD1 pins in the asynchronous serial interface
(UART) mode of serial interface channel 2, the busy control option and busy & strobe control
option are invalid.
Remark ×: don’t care
217
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-16. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) (1/4)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI7
Controls interval time of data transfer
Note 1
0
1
Does not control interval time by ADTI
Controls interval time by ADTI (ADTI0 through ADTI4)
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 5.0 MHz)
Note 2
Note 2
Minimum value
18.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
31.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
44.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
56.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
69.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
82.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
95.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
108.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
120.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
133.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
146.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
159.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
172.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
184.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
197.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
210.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
20.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
32.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
45.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
58.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
71.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
84.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
96.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
109.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
122.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
135.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
148.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
160.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
173.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
186.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
199.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
212.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Notes 1. The interval time is dependent on only the CPU processing.
2. The interval time of data transfer includes an error. The minimum and maximum values of the interval
time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set to ADTI0
through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less than 2/fSCK,
the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
fXX
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
fSCK
fXX
26
36
1.5
+
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
218
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transmission/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fSCK: serial clock frequency
219
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-16. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) (2/4)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 5.0 MHz)
Note
Note
Minimum value
223.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
236.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
248.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
261.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
274.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
287.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
300.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
312.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
325.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
338.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
351.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
364.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
376.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
389.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
402.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
415.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
224.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
237.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
250.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
263.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
276.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
288.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
301.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
314.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
327.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
340.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
352.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
365.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
378.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
391.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
404.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
416.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Note The interval time of data transfer includes an error margin. The minimum and maximum values of the interval
time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set to ADTI0
through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less than 2/fSCK,
the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
26
36
1.5
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transfer/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fSCK: serial clock frequency
220
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-16. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) (3/4)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI7
Controls interval time of data transfer
Note 1
0
1
Does not control interval time by ADTI
Controls interval time by ADTI (ADTI0 through ADTI4)
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 2.5 MHz)
Note 2
Note 2
Minimum value
36.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
62.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
88.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
113.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
139.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
164.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
190.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
216.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
241.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
267.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
292.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
318.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
344.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
369.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
395.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
420.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
40.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
65.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
91.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
116.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
142.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
168.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
193.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
219.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
244.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
270.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
296.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
321.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
347.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
372.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
398.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
424.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Notes 1. The interval time is dependent on only the CPU processing.
2. The interval time of data transfer includes an error margin. The minimum and maximum values of the
interval time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set
to ADTI0 through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less
than 2/fSCK, the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
fXX
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
fSCK
fXX
26
36
1.5
+
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
221
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transfer/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fSCK: serial clock frequency
222
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-16. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY) (4/4)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 2.5 MHz)
Note
Note
Minimum value
446.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
472.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
497.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
523.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
548.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
574.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
600.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
625.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
651.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
676.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
702.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
728.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
753.6 µs + 0.5/fSCK
779.2 µs + 0.5/fSCK
804.8 µs + 0.5/fSCK
830.4 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
449.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
475.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
500.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
526.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
552.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
577.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
603.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
628.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
654.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
680.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
705.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
731.2 µs + 1.5/fSCK
756.8 µs + 1.5/fSCK
782.4 µs + 1.5/fSCK
808.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
833.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Note The interval time of data transfer includes an error margin. The minimum and maximum values of the interval
time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set to ADTI0
through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less than 2/fSCK,
the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
26
36
fXX
1.5
+
+
fSCK
fXX
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transfer/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. fSCK: serial clock frequency
223
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-17. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78098, 78098B subseries) (1/2)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI7
Controls interval time of data transfer
Note 1
0
1
Does not control interval time by ADTI
Controls interval time by ADTI (ADTI0 through ADTI4)
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 4.0 MHz)
Note 2
Note 2
Minimum value
23.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
39.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
55.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
71.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
87.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
103.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
119.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
135.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
151.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
167.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
183.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
199.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
215.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
231.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
247.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
263.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
25.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
41.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
57.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
73.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
89.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
105.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
121.6 µs + 1.5/fSCK
137.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
153.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
169.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
185.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
201.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
217.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
233.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
249.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
265.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Notes 1. The interval time is dependent on only the CPU processing.
2. The interval time of data transfer includes an error margin. The minimum and maximum values of the
interval time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set
to ADTI0 through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less
than 2/fSCK, the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
fXX
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
fSCK
fXX
26
36
fXX
1.5
+
+
fSCK
fXX
224
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transfer/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. fSCK: serial clock frequency
225
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-17. Format of Automatic Data Transfer/Reception Interval Specification Register
(µPD78098, 78098B subseries) (2/2)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF6BH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADTI ADTI7
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
ADTI4 ADTI3 ADTI2 ADTI1 ADTI0
Specifies interval time of data transfer (fXX = 4.0 MHz)
Note
Note
Minimum value
279.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
295.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
311.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
327.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
343.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
359.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
375.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
391.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
407.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
423.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
439.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
455.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
471.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
487.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
503.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
519.0 µs + 0.5/fSCK
Maximum value
281.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
297.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
313.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
329.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
345.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
361.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
377.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
393.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
409.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
425.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
441.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
457.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
473.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
489.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
505.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
521.0 µs + 1.5/fSCK
Note The interval time of data transfer includes an error margin. The minimum and maximum values of the interval
time for data transfer can be calculated by the following expressions (where n is the value set to ADTI0
through ADTI4). However, if the minimum value calculated by the expression below is less than 2/fSCK,
the minimum interval time is 2/fSCK.
26
28
fXX
0.5
Minimum value = (n+1) ×
Maximum value = (n+1) ×
+
+
fSCK
fXX
26
36
1.5
+
+
fXX
fSCK
fXX
Cautions 1. Do not write ADTI during automatic transfer/reception operation.
2. Be sure to clear bits 5 and 6 to 0.
3. When controlling interval time of data transfer by automatic transfer/reception using ADTI,
the busy control option is invalid.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. fSCK: serial clock frequency
226
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-18. Format of Serial Operating Mode Register 2
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
0
Address
FF72H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
CSIM2 CSIE2
CSIM22 CSCK
CSCK Selects clock in 3-wire serial I/O mode
0
1
Clock externally input to SCK2 pin
Output of dedicated baud rate generator
CSIM22 Specifies first bit
0
1
MSB
LSB
CSIE2 Controls operation in 3-wire serial I/O mode
0
1
Stops operation
Enables operation
Cautions 1. Be sure to clear bits 0 and 3 through 6 to 0.
2. Set CSIM2 to 00H in the UART mode.
227
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-19. Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Mode Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF70H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ASIM TXE
RXE
PS1
PS0
CL
SL
ISRM SCK
SCK Selects clock of asynchronous serial interface mode
0
1
Clock externally input to ASCK pin
Output of dedicated baud rate generatorNote
ISRM Controls receive end interrupt on occurrence of error
0
1
Generates receive end interrupt request when error occurs
Does not generate receive end interrupt request when
error occurs
SL
0
Specifies stop bit length of transmit data
1 bit
1
2 bits
CL
0
Specifies character length
7 bits
8 bits
1
PS1
0
PS0
0
Specifies parity bit
No parity
0
1
Always append 0 parity during transmission.
Does not check parity during reception (does
not generate parity error)
1
1
0
1
Odd parity
Even parity
RXE Controls reception operation
0
1
Stops reception operation
Enables reception operation
TXE
0
Controls transmission operation
Stops transmission operation
Enables transmission operation
1
Note When the baud rate generator output is selected by setting SCK to 1, the ASCK pin can be used as an
I/O port pin.
Cautions 1. Set ASIM to 00H when the 3-wire serial I/O mode is selected.
2. Before changing the operation mode, stop the serial transfer/reception operation.
228
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Table 8-4. Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 78058F, 78058FY,
78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY)
(1) Operation stop mode
ASIM
CSIM2
PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM72 P72 First Shift
bit
Function of Function of Function of
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2CSIM22 CSCK
clock P70/SI2/RxD P71/SO2/TxD P72/SCK2/ASCK
pin
pin
pin
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
Note 1
0
0
×
0
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
–
–
P70
P71
P72
Others
Setting prohibited
(2) 3-wire serial I/O mode
ASIM
CSIM2
PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM72 P72 First Shift
bit
Function of Function of Function of
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2CSIM22 CSCK
clock P70/SI2/RxD P71/SO2/TxD P72/SCK2/ASCK
pin
pin
pin
Note 2
Note 2
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1Note 2
×
0
1
1
0
1
0
×
1
×
1
MSB External SI2
clock
SO2
SCK2 input
(CMOS output)
Internal
SCK2 output
SCK2 input
SCK2 output
clock
Note 2
LSB External SI2
clock
SO2
(CMOS output)
Internal
clock
Others
Setting prohibited
(3) Asynchronous serial interface mode
ASIM
CSIM2
PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM72 P72 First Shift
bit
Function of Function of Function of
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2CSIM22 CSCK
clock P70/SI2/RxD P71/SO2/TxD P72/SCK2/ASCK
pin
pin
pin
Note 1
Note 1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
1
1
×
LSB External P70
clock
TxD
ASCK input
(CMOS output)
Note 1
Note 1
×
×
×
×
×
×
Internal
P72
clock
Note 1
Note 1
0
1
1
×
×
×
×
1
×
External RxD
clock
P71
ASCK input
P72
Note 1
Note 1
Internal
clock
1
0
1
1
×
External
TxD
ASCK input
P72
clock
(CMOS output)
Note 1
Note 1
Internal
clock
Others
Setting prohibited
Notes 1. These pins can be used as port pins.
2. This pin can be used as P70 (CMOS I/O) when only transmission is executed.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: port mode register
P×× : output latch of port
229
Table 8-5. Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780058 and 780058Y Subseries) (1/2)
(1) Operation stop mode
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM23 P23 PM24 P24 PM72 P72 First Shift
CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK SIPS21 SIPS20
TXE RXE SCK
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P23/STB/TxD1 pin P24/BUSY/RxD1 pin P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
bit
–
clock
–
Note 1
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
×
×
0
×
×
0
0
×
P70
P71
P23/STB
P24/BUSY
P72
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Others
Setting prohibited
(2) 3-wire serial I/O mode
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM23 P23 PM24 P24 PM72 P72 First Shift
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P23/STB/TxD1 pin P24/BUSY/RxD1 pin P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK SIPS21 SIPS20
bit
clock
External
clock
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
SI2
SO2
P23/STB
P24/BUSY
SCK2 input
SCK2 output
SCK2 input
SCK2 output
1
0
0
1
0
1
×
×
1
×
0
1
×
×
×
×
1
0
1
0
×
1
×
1
MSB
0
0
0
Internal
clock
(CMOS output)
SO2
External
clock
Note 2
LSB
SI2
1
1
Internal
clock
(CMOS output)
Setting prohibited
Others
Notes 1. These pins can be used as port pins.
2. This pin can be used as P70 (CMOS I/O) when only transmission is executed.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: port mode register
P×× : output latch of port
Table 8-5. Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780058 and 780058Y Subseries) (2/2)
(3) Asynchronous serial interface mode
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM23 P23 PM24 P24 PM72 P72 First Shift
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P23/STB/TxD1 pin P24/BUSY/RxD1 pin P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK SIPS21 SIPS20
bit
clock
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
P70
TxD0
P23/STB
P24/BUSY
ASCK input
P72
0
0
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
1
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
1
×
LSB
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(CMOS output)
P71
×
×
×
×
×
×
External
clock
Note
Note
RxD0
ASCK input
P72
1
×
×
×
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
TxD0
ASCK input
1
×
0
1
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(CMOS output)
P72
1
0
External
clock
Note
Note
P70
Output high
TxD1
P24/BUSY
RxD1
ASCK input
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
×
×
0
1
0
1
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
P72
1
0
×
×
×
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
P70
P71
P23/STB
ASCK input
1
1
×
×
×
×
×
×
1
1
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(input)
P70
P72
1
0
1
×
External
clock
Output high
TxD1
RxD1
ASCK input
P72
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(input)
×
×
Others
Setting prohibited
Note These pins can be used as port pins.
Remark × : don’t care
PM××: port mode register
P×× : output latch of port
Table 8-6. Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780308 and 780308Y Subseries) (1/2)
(1) Operation stop mode
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM113 P113PM114 P114 PM72 P72 First Shift
CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK SIPS21 SIPS20
TXE RXE SCK
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P113/TxD pin
P114/RxD pin
P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
bit
–
clock
–
Note 1
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
×
×
0
×
×
0
0
×
P70
P71
P113
P114
P72
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Others
Setting prohibited
(2) 3-wire serial I/O mode
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM113 P113PM114 P114 PM72 P72 First Shift
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P113/TxD pin P114/RxD pin P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK SIPS21 SIPS20
bit
clock
External
clock
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1
SI2
SO2
P113
P114
SCK2 input
SCK2 output
SCK2 input
SCK2 output
×
×
1
×
0
1
×
×
×
×
1
0
1
0
×
1
×
1
MSB
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
Internal
clock
(CMOS output)
SO2
External
clock
Note 2
LSB
SI2
1
1
Internal
clock
(CMOS output)
Setting prohibited
Others
Notes 1. These pins can be used as port pins.
2. This pin can be used as P70 (CMOS I/O) when only transmission is executed.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: port mode register
P×× : output latch of port
Table 8-6. Setting of Operation Modes of Serial Interface Channel 2 (µPD780308 and 780308Y Subseries) (2/2)
(3) Asynchronous serial interface mode
Function of
Function of
Function of Function of Function of
ASIM
CSIM2
SIPS PM70 P70 PM71 P71 PM113 P113PM114 P114 PM72 P72 First Shift
P70/SI2/RxD0 pin P71/SO2/TxD0 pin P113/TxD pin P114/RxD pin P72/SCK2/ASCK pin
SIPS21 SIPS20
bit
clock
TXE RXE SCK CSIE2 CSIM22 CSCK
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
P70
TxD
P113
P114
ASCK input
P72
0
0
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
1
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
1
×
LSB
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(CMOS output)
P71
×
×
×
×
×
×
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
RxD
ASCK input
P72
1
×
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
External
clock
Note
Note
TxD
ASCK input
1
×
0
1
×
×
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(CMOS output)
P72
1
0
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
P70
Output high
TxD
P114
RxD
ASCK input
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
1
0
1
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
P72
1
0
×
×
×
External
clock
Note
Note
Note
Note
P70
P71
P113
ASCK input
1
1
×
×
×
×
×
×
1
1
×
×
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(input)
P70
P72
1
0
1
×
External
clock
Output high
TxD
RxD
ASCK input
P72
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
×
Internal
clock
Note
Note
(input)
×
×
Others
Setting prohibited
Note These pins can be used as port pins.
Remark ×
: don’t care
PM××: port mode register
P×× : output latch of port
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-20. Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Status Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 78098, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
ASIS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FF71H
At reset
00H
R/W
R
PE
FE
OVE
OVE Overrun error flag
0
1
Overrun error does not occur
Overrun error occursNote 1 (if next reception operation
is completed before data is read from receive buffer
register)
FE
0
Framing error flag
Framing error does not occur
1
Framing error occursNote 2 (if stop bit is not detected)
PE
0
Parity error flag
Parity error does not occur
1
Parity error occurs (if parity of transmit data does not
coincide)
Notes 1. If an overrun error occurs, be sure to read the receive buffer register (RXB). The overrun error persists
each time data is received until RXB is read.
2. Even if the stop bit length is set to 2 bits by the bit 2 (SL) of the asynchronous serial interface mode
register (ASIM), only 1 stop bit is detected during reception.
234
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-21. Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) (1/2)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF73H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
BRGC TPS3 TPS2 TPS1 TPS0 MDL3 MDL2 MDL1 MDL0
MDL3 MDL2 MDL1 MDL0
Selects input clock of baud rate generator
k
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fSCK/16
fSCK/17
fSCK/18
fSCK/19
fSCK/20
fSCK/21
fSCK/22
fSCK/23
fSCK/24
fSCK/25
fSCK/26
fSCK/27
fSCK/28
fSCK/29
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
–
fSCK/30
fSCKNote
Note Can be used only in the 3-wire serial I/O mode.
Remarks 1. fSCK: source clock of 5-bit counter
2. k : value set by MDL0 through MDL3 (0 ≤ k ≤ 14)
235
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-21. Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y, 780308,
780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries, µPD78070A,
78070AY) (2/2)
TPS3 TPS2 TPS1 TPS0
Selects source clock of 5-bit counter
MCS = 1
n
MCS = 0
10
10
11
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
fXX/2
fXX
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
fX/2 (2.4 kHz)
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
11
1
fX (5.0 MHz)
2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fXX/2
fX/2 (2.5 MHz)
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
fX/2 (1.25 MHz)
fX/2 (625 kHz)
3
3
4
fX/2 (625 kHz)
fX/2 (313 kHz)
4
4
5
fX/2 (313 kHz)
fX/2 (156 kHz)
5
5
6
fX/2 (156 kHz)
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
6
6
7
fX/2 (78.1 kHz)
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
7
7
8
fX/2 (39.1 kHz)
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
8
8
9
fX/2 (19.5 kHz)
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
9
9
10
fX/2 (9.8 kHz)
fX/2 (4.9 kHz)
10
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution If data is written to BRGC during communication, the output of the baud rate generator is
disturbed and communication cannot be executed normally.
Therefore, do not write data to BRGC during communication.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency (f
2. f : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. MCS : bit 0 of oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
4. n : value set by TPS0 through TPS3 (1 ≤ n ≤ 11)
5. ( ) : at f = 5.0 MHz
X
or f
X
/2)
X
X
236
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-22. Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) (1/2)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF73H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
BRGC TPS3 TPS2 TPS1 TPS0 MDL3 MDL2 MDL1 MDL0
MDL3 MDL2 MDL1 MDL0
Selects input clock of baud rate generator
k
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
fSCK/16
fSCK/17
fSCK/18
fSCK/19
fSCK/20
fSCK/21
fSCK/22
fSCK/23
fSCK/24
fSCK/25
fSCK/26
fSCK/27
fSCK/28
fSCK/29
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
–
fSCK/30
fSCKNote
Note Can be used only in the 3-wire serial I/O mode.
Remarks 1. fSCK : source clock of 5-bit counter
2. k
: value set by MDL0 through MDL3 (0 ≤ k ≤ 14)
237
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-22. Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries) (2/2)
TPS3 TPS2 TPS1 TPS0
Selects source clock of 5-bit counter
n
11
1
10
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
fXX/2 (3.91 kHz)
fXX (4.0 MHz)
fXX/2 (2.0 MHz)
2
2
fXX/2 (1.0 MHz)
3
3
fXX/2 (500 kHz)
4
4
fXX/2 (250 kHz)
5
5
fXX/2 (125 kHz)
6
6
fXX/2 (62.5 kHz)
7
7
fXX/2 (31.3 kHz)
8
8
fXX/2 (15.6 kHz)
9
9
fXX/2 (7.81 kHz)
10
Others
Setting prohibited
Caution If data is written to BRGC during communication, the output of the baud rate generator is
disturbed and communication cannot be executed normally.
Therefore, do not write data to BRGC during communication.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. n : value set by TPS0 through TPS3 (1 ≤ n ≤ 11)
3. ( ) : at fXX = 4.0 MHz
238
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-23. Format of Serial Interface Pin Select Register
(µPD780058 and 780058Y Subseries)
Symbol
SIPS
7
0
6
0
5
4
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
Address
FF75H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
SIPS21 SIPS20
SIPS21 SIPS20
Selects I/O pin of asynchronous serial interface
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Input pin : RxD0/SI2/P70
Output pin : TxD0/SO2/P71
Input pin : RxD1/BUSY/P24
Output pin : TxD0/SO2/P71
Input pin : RxD0/SI2/P70
Output pin : TxD1/STB/P23
Input pin : RxD1/BUSY/P24
Output pin : TxD1/STB/P23
Cautions 1. Change the mode of an I/O Pin after stopping the serial transfer/reception operation.
2. When using the busy control option or busy & strobe control option in the 3-wire serial I/O
mode with automatic transfer/reception function of the serial interface channel 1, the RxD1/
BUSY/P24 and TxD1/STB/P23 pins cannot be used as data I/O pins.
Figure 8-24. Format of Serial Interface Pin Select Register
(µPD780308 and 780308Y Subseries)
Symbol
SIPS
7
0
6
0
5
4
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
Address
FF75H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
SIPS21 SIPS20
SIPS21 SIPS20
Selects I/O pin of asynchronous serial interface
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Input pin : RxD/SI2/P70
Output pin : TxD/SO2/P71
Input pin : RxD/P114
Output pin : TxD/SO2/P71
Input pin : RxD0/SI2/P70
Output pin : TxD/P113
Input pin : RxD/P114
Output pin : TxD/P113
Cautions 1. Change the mode of an I/O Pin after stopping the serial transfer/reception operation.
2. Port 11 has a falling edge detection function. Do not input a falling edge to the pin used as
a multiplexed pin of this port.
239
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
TM
8.1 Interface with EEPROM
(µPD6252)
The µPD6252Note is a 2048-bit EEPROM which can be electrically written or erased. To write or read data to or
from the µPD6252, the 3-wire serial interface is used.
Note µPD6252 is for maintenance use.
Figure 8-25. Pin Configuration of µPD6252
CE
IC
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
V
DD
CS
IC
SCL
SDA
GND
240
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Table 8-7. Pin Function of µPD6252
Pin Number Pin Name
I/O
CMOS input
Function
Keep this pin high during data transfer.
1
CE
Caution Do not change the level of this pin from high to low during data
transfer.
To change the level of this pin from high to low, make sure that the CS pin (pin 7)
is low. By making both the CE and CS pins low, you can set the standby status in
which the power consumption is reduced.
2
3
IC
–
Fix the IC pins to the high or low level via resistor.
4
5
GND
SDA
–
Ground
CMOS input/
Data input/output pin.
N-ch open-drain Because this pin is an N-ch open-drain I/O pin, externally pull it up with a resistor.
output
SDA
6
7
SCL
CS
CMOS input
CMOS input
Inputs a clock for data transfer.
Chip select pin. When this pin is high, the µPD6252 is enabled to operate.
When it is low, memory cells cannot be read or written.
When the level of this pin is changed from high to low with the SCL pin high, the
operation of the serial bus interface is started. To end the operation of the serial bus
interface, change the level of this pin from high to low.
8
VDD
–
Positive power: +5 V ±10%
241
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.1.1 Communication in 2-wire serial I/O mode
The 3-wire mode of the µPD6252Note is implemented by serial clock (SCL), data (SDA), and chip select (CS) lines.
Excluding the handshaking line, therefore, only two lines, clock and data lines, are necessary for interfacing. To
interface the µPD6252 with a 78K/0 series microcontroller, the 2-wire serial I/O mode is used. In the example shown
in this section, the µPD78054 subseries is used.
Note µPD6252 is for maintenance use.
Figure 8-26. Example of Connection of µPD6252
µ
PD78054
µ PD6252
V
DD
V
DD
SCK0
SB1
SCL
SDA
CS
CE
P32
Table 8-8 and Figure 8-27 shows the commands to write and read data to/from the µPD6252 and communication
format.
Table 8-8. µPD6252 Commands
Command Name
Command
Operation
RANDOM WRITE 00000000B [00H] Transfers write data after setting an 8-bit word address (WA). Up to 3 bytes of write
MSB
data can be set successively.
C7-C0
Correspondence between word address and data
WA
Data of first byte
Data of second byte
Data of third byte
WA+1
WA+2
The write operation is executed in the internal write cycle after the CS pin has gone
low.
CURRENT READ 10000000B [80H] Transfers the contents of memory specified by the word address (WA) (current
MSB
address) specified when the command is set, to the read data buffer. Each time 8
bits of data have been read from the SDA pin, the word address (WA) is incremented,
and the corresponding memory contents are transferred to the data buffer.
C7-C0
RANDOM READ
11000000B [C0H] Executes data read starting from a set word address (WA) after the word address has
MSB
been set.
C7-C0
The difference from CURRENT READ is that this command sets a word address (WA)
after it has been executed.
After the word address has been set, this command performs the same operation as
CURRENT READ.
242
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-27. Communication Format of µPD6252
(1) RANDOM WRITE
WA input
CS
Command input
Write data input (WA) (WA + 1) (WA + 2)
C
7
C
6
C
5
C
4
C
3
C
2
C
1
C
0
WB flag output
WA7
WA6
WA5
WA4
WA3
WA2
WA1
WA0
D7
D6
D
5
D
4
D
3
D2
D1
D0
2nd byte
3rd byte
SDA
SCL
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1st byte
Internal WA
SDA mode
WA + 1 to WA + 3
CURRENT ADDRESS
OUT
WA
IN
IN
WA retains input value until STP is
Starts by making CS pin high
when SCL pin is high
(issuance of STA).
detected, and is incremented each time
1 byte is written in the internal write
cycle after STP has been detected.
Data of 1st byte is written to
memory addressed by WA.
WB flag is retained while eight
clocks are input to SCL pin.
Write is executed by making CS in low with SCL pin high.
WA is last written address + 1 and is retained
(current address) (issuance of STP).
(2) CURRENT READ
Current address
CS
Command input
Read data (WA)
(WA + 1) (WA + 2) (WA + n)
C
7
C
6
C
5
C
4
C
3
C
2
C
1
C
0
WB flag output
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D0
D7
D6
D2
D1
D0
SDA
SCL
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Internal WA
SDA mode
WA+1
OUT
WA+2 WA+n
WA + n + 1
CURRENT ADDRESS = WA
OUT
IN
Operation ends by making CS pin high with
SCL pin high. WA is last read address + 1 and
retained (current address) (issuance of STP)
(3) RANDOM READ
CS
WA input
(WA)
(WA+1) ··· (WA+n)
C
7
C
6
C
5
C
4
C
3
C
2
C
1
C
0
WB flag output
WA
7
WA6
WA
5
WA
4
WA
3
WA
2
WA
1
WA
0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D1
D0
SDA
SCL
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Internal WA
SDA mode
WA+1
WA+n
WA + n + 1
CURRENT ADDRESS
OUT
WA
IN
IN
OUT
WB flag is retained while 8 clocks are input to SCL pin.
Contents of WA are read as
data of first byte.
Starts by making CS pin high
with SCL pin high (issuance of STA).
Contents of WA+1, ··· WA+n are
sequentially read each time 1 byte
has been read.
Operation ends if CS pin is made low with
SCL pin high (issuance of STP).
WA is last read address + 1 and retained.
243
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Steps <1> through <5> below are the operating procedure of the µPD6252. In this example, the number of data
to be written or read per interface operation is fixed to 1 byte. If the µPD6252 is in the write busy (WB) status when
interfaced, the busy flag is set.
<1> Make the CS pin (P32) high to start interfacing.
<2> Transmit the write or read command.
<3> Receive the data of WRITE BUSY. If interfacing the µPD6252 is enabled, 00H is received. If a code other
than 00H is received, it is judged that the µPD6252 is in the WRITE BUSY status. In this case, communication
is stopped.
<4> Transfer the data corresponding to the command.
<5> Make the CS pin (P32) low to end the communication.
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
T3_6252 : µPD6252 transfer subroutine name
RWRITE : RANDOM WRITE command value
RREAD : RANDOM READ command value
CREAD : CURRENT READ command value
WADAT : Word address storage area
TRNDAT : Transmit data storage area
RCVDAT : Receive data storage area
CMDDAT : Command data storage area
BUSYFG : Busy status test flag
CS6252 : CS pin (P32) of µPD6252
<Register used>
A
<RAM used>
Name
WAADR
TRNDAT
RCVDAT
CMDDAT
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
Stores word address (before start of transfer)
Stores transmit data (before start of transfer)
Stores receive data (after end of transfer)
Stores command data (before start of transfer)
244
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Flag used>
Name
Usage
BUSYFG
Sets WRITE BUSY status
<Nesting>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 0
• P32
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B
• Setting of serial interface channel 0
CSIM0 = #10011011B
• TCL3 = #××××1001B
• RELT = 1
; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
; Selects 2-wire serial I/O mode and SB1 pin
; Serial clock fXX/24
; Makes SB1 latch high
<Starting>
Set the necessary data corresponding to the commands and call T3_6252. After execution returns from the
subroutine, the busy flag (BUSYFG) is tested. If the busy flag is set, transfer is not executed. It is therefore
necessary to execute transfer again. In the receive mode, the receive data is stored RCVDAT after execution
has returned from the subroutine.
245
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(2) Example of use
Sets each data to memory
UNTIL: Not WRITE BUSY
Clears busy flag
Calls T3_6252
Loads receive data
EXTRN
EXTRN
RWRITE,RREAD,CREAD
WADAT,TRNDAT,RCVDAT,CMDDAT,T3_6252
EXTBIT BUSYFG,CS6252
OSMS=#00000001B
CSIM0=#10011011B
TCL3=#10011001B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Sets 2-wire serial I/O mode and SB1 pin
; Sets SCK0 = 262 kHz
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
SB0
CS6252
PM3.2
; Makes CS of µPD6252 low
CMDDAT=A
.
.
.
.
WADAT=A
.
.
.
.
TRNDAT=A
.
.
.
.
repeat
CLR1
CALL
BUSYFG
!T3_6252
until_bit(!BUSYFG)
.
.
.
.
A=RCVDAT
246
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
T3_6252
Clears busy flag
Issues start bit
Transfers command
WHILE: waits for end of transfer (CSIIF0 = 0)
Receives busy signal
WHILE: waits for end of transfer (CSIIF0 = 0)
IF: not WB status (SIO0 = 00H)
THEN
CASE: CMDDAT
OF: RWRITE
Transfers word address
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
Transfers data
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
BREAK
OF: RREAD
Transfers word address
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
OF: CREAD
Receives data
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
Stores receive data to memory
ELSE
Sets busy status
Sets BUSYFG
Issues stop bit
247
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(4) Program list
PUBLIC RWRITE,RREAD,CREAD
PUBLIC WADAT,TRNDAT,RCVDAT,CMDDAT,T3_6252
PUBLIC BUSYFG,CS6252
CSI_DAT DSEG
SADDR
WADAT: DS
TRNDAT: DS
RCVDAT: DS
CMDDAT: DS
1
1
1
1
; Word address storage area
; Transmit data storage area
; Receive data storage area
; Command data storage area
CSI_FLG BSEG
BUSYFG DBIT
; Sets busy status
RWRITE EQU
00H
0C0H
080H
0FF03H.2
; RANDOM WRITE mode
; RANDOM READ mode
; CURRENT READ mode
; 0FF03H=PORT3
RREAD
CREAD
EQU
EQU
CS6252 EQU
CSI_SEG CSEG
;*************************************
;*
µPD6252 (3-wire) communication
;*************************************
T3_6252:
CLR1
SET1
BUSYFG
CS6252
; Issues start bit
SI00=CMDDAT (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Transfers command
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
CSIIF0
SIO0=#0FFH
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Starts reception of busy signal
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
if(SIO0==#00H)
switch (CMDDAT)
case RWRITE:
SIO0=WADAT (A)
CSIIF0
; Busy check
; Transfers word address
; Waits for end of transfer
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
CLR1
CSIIF0
SIO0=TRNDAT (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Starts data transfer
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
break
CSIIF0
case RREAD:
SIO0=WADAT (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Transfers word address
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
CSIIF0
case CREAD:
SIO0=#0FFH
; Starts data reception
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
CSIIF0
RCVDAT=SIO0 (A)
; Stores receive data
ends
248
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
else
SET1
endif
CLR1
RET
BUSYFG
CS6252
; Sets busy status
249
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.1.2 Communication in I2C bus mode
In the 2-wire mode of the µPD6252Note, two lines, serial clock (SCL) and data (SDA) lines are used for
communication. This mode conforms to the communication format of I2C. Therefore, the I2C mode is selected when
communicating with the µPD6252 by using the µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY,
78075BY subseries, or µPD78070AY.
In the example shown in this section, the µPD78054Y subseries is used.
Note µPD6252 is for maintenance use.
Figure 8-28. Example of Connection between µPD6252 and I2C Bus Mode
µ
PD78054Y
µPD6252
SCL
SCL
SDA
A
A
2
1
= 0
= 0
SDA0 (SDA1)
SCL
SDA
A
A
2
1
= 0
= 1
SCL
SDA
A
A
2
1
= 1
= 0
SCL
SDA
A
A
2
1
= 1
= 1
Figure 8-29 shows the communication format in which data is written to or read from the µPD6252.
250
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-29. µPD6252 Operation Timing
(a) Transmission to µPD6252
Start condition
WRITE
Stop condition
1
0
1
0
A2
A1
0
0
ACK WA
7
WA
6
WA5
WA
4
WA
3
WA
2
WA
1
WA
0
ACK
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK
SDA
SCL
Slave address
R/W command
Word address
Write data
Write data
(b) Reception from µPD6252 (without word address specification)
Start condition
READ
Stop condition
1
0
1
0
A2
A
1
0
1
ACK
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ACK
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SDA
SCL
Slave address
R/W command
Read data
Read data
(c) Reception from µPD6252 (with word address specification)
Start condition
WRITE
Start condition
READ
Stop condition
1
0
1
0
A2
A
1
0
0
ACK WA
7
WA
6
WA
5
WA
4
WA
3
WA2
WA
1
WA0
ACK
1
0
1
0
A2
A1
0
1
ACK
D
7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SDA
SCL
Slave address
R/W command
Word address
Slave address
R/W command
Read data
251
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Steps <1> through <5> below are the communication procedure of the µPD6252. In this example, the number
of data to be written or read is fixed to 1 byte. If the master receives data in the I2C bus format, and if it has received
the last data, the ACK signal is not output. Because the master does not output the ACK signal in this example, ACKE
is always 0.
<1> Set a start condition to start communication.
Fall the data with the serial clock high.
<2> Transmit the slave address value (bits 1 through 7) of the µPD6252 and write (bit 0 = 0)/read (bit 0 = 1) select
bit.
1
0
1
0
A2 A1
0
R / W
Slave address
R/W selection
1 bit (bit 0)
7-bit (bits 7 through 1)
Remark A2 and A1 are set by external pins.
<3> Transfer the data.
• In transmission mode
(i) Transmit the word address of the µPD6252.
(ii) Transmit the write data.
• In reception mode
Receive the read data.
<4> Set an end condition to end the communication.
Rise the data with the serial clock high.
<5> Because a word address is specified only in the write mode, to read data by specifying an address, the address
must be specified by once setting the write mode.
If the µPD6252 does not return the ACK signal during data transfer, communication is stopped.
The start and end conditions are set by CLC when the serial clock is manipulated, and by RELT and CMDT when
data is manipulated.
252
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
T2_6252 : µPD6252 transfer subroutine name
WAADR : Word address storage area
TRNDAT : Transmit data storage area
RCVDAT : Receive data storage area
SLVADR : Slave address storage area
BUSYFG : Busy status test flag
WRCHG : Write → read mode change flag
ERRFG : Error status test flag
<Register used>
A
<RAM used>
Name
WAADR
TRNDAT
RCVDAT
SLVADR
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
Stores word address (before start of transfer)
Stores transmit data (before start of transfer)
Stores receive data (after end of transfer)
Stores slave address
<Flag used>
Name
BUSYFG
WRCHG
Usage
Sets WRITE BUSY status
Changes write mode to read mode
ERRFG
Sets error status
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
Serial interface 0
253
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• Setting of serial interface channel 0
CSIM0 = #10011011B ; Selects 2-wire serial I/O mode and SB0 pin
• TCL3 = #××××1000B ; Selects serial clock fXX/23 and 16
• SINT = #00001011B
; Generates interrupts at rising edge of 9th serial clock and sets clock line to high
level
<Starting>
• Set the necessary data corresponding to the commands and call T2_6252. In the reception mode, the
receive data is stored to RCVDAT after execution has returned from the subroutine.
• If the serial clock is low (busy status) when communication is started or if ACK cannot be received during
data transfer, the BUSYFG and ERRFG are set. Test and clear these flags with the main processing.
(2) Example of use
Sets data
Calls T2_6252
(IF: sets BUSYFG)
Clears BUSYFG
To busy processing
(IF: sets ERRFG)
Clears ERRFG
To error processing
EXTRN
WAADR,TRNDAT,RCVDAT,SLVADR,T2_6252
EXTBIT BUSYFG,WRCHG,ERRFG
SET1 SB0
OSMS=#00000001B
CSIM0=#10011011B
SINT=#00001011B
TCL3=#10001000B
; Does not use divider circuit
; Serial interface 2-wire, SB0
2
; Sets I C mode
; SCK = 32.7 kHz
SET1
SET1
RELT
SCK0
SB0
CLR1
.
.
.
.
WAADR=A
.
.
.
.
TRNDAT=A
SLVADR=A
CALL
!T2_6252
if_bit(BUSYFG)
CLR1
BUSYFG
.
.
.
.
endif
.
.
.
.
if|bit(ERRFG)
CLR1
ERRFG
.
.
.
.
ENDIF
254
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
T2_6252
IF: SCK0 = LOW
THEN
Sets busy status
ELSE
Sets BUSYFG
STABIT
Issues start bit
Transmits slave address
WHILE: waits for end of transfer (CSIIF0 = 0)
IF: ACK signal not detected
THEN
Sets error status
Sets ERRFG
ELSE
IF: transmit mode
THEN
Transmits word address of
µPD6252
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
IF: ACK signal not detected
THEN
Sets error status
ELSE
Sets ERRFG
IF: changes to read mode
THEN
WHILE: SCK0 = HIGH
Outputs high level in order of data and clock
Changes slave address to read mode
GOTO STABIT
ELSE
Transmits data
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
IF: ACK signal not detected
THEN
Sets error status
Sets ERRFG
ELSE
Receives data
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
Stores receive data to memory
Outputs low level in order of clock and data
Issues stop bit
255
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(4) Program list
PUBLIC WAADR,TRNDAT,RCVDAT,SLVADR,T2_6252
PUBLIC BUSYFG,WRCHG,ERRFG
CSI_DAT DSEG
SADDR
WAADR: DS
TRNDAT: DS
RCVDAT: DS
SLVADR: DS
1
1
1
1
; Word address storage area
; Transmit data storage area
; Receive data storage area
; Salve address storage area
CSI_FLG BSEG
BUSYFG DBIT
; Sets busy status
; Changes mode
; Sets error status
WRCHG
ERRFG
DBIT
DBIT
SCK0
EQU
P2.7
CSI_SEG CSEG
;*************************************
;*
µPD6252 (2-wire) communication
;*************************************
T2_6252:
if_bit(!CLD)
SET1
BUSYFG
; Busy status
else
STABIT:
SET1
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
CLR1
CMDT
; Issues start bit
; Waits for start bit valid width
CLC
; Changes clock to low level
; Starts transmitting slave address
; Waits for end of transfer
SIO0=SLVADR (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
CLR1
CSIIF0
if_bit(!ACKD)
; ACK signal not detected
SET1
ERRFG
; Transmission mode
; Starts transmitting word address
; Waits for end of transfer
elseif_bit(!SLVADR.0)
SI00=WAADR (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
CLR1
CSIIF0
if_bit(!ACKD)
; ACK signal not detected
SET1
ERRFG
elseif_bit(WRCHG)
while_bit(CLD)
endw
SET1
SET1
RELT
CLC
; Checks high level of clock
while_bit(!CLD)
endw
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
; Waits for high level valid width of clock
; Changes to read mode address
SET1
goto
SLVADR.0
STABIT
else
256
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
SIO0=TRNDAT (A)
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Starts transmitting data
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
if_bit(!ACKD)
SET1 ERRFG
endif
endif
else
CSIIF0
; ACK signal detected
SIO0=#0FFH
while_bit(!CSIIF0)
endw
; Starts data reception
; Waits for end of transfer
CLR1
CSIIF0
RCVDAT=SIO0 (A)
; Stores receive data
endif
while_bit(CLD)
endw
SET1
SET1
CMDT
CLC
while_bit(!CLD)
; Checks high level of clock
endw
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
; Waits for high level valid width of clock
SET1
endif
RET
RELT
; Issues stop bit
257
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(5) Limitation when using I2C bus mode
The following limitation applies when the µPD78054Y, 78064Y, 78078Y, 780058Y, 780308Y, 78058FY,
78075BY subseries, and µPD78070AY are used. This section explains an example using the µPD78054Y.
• Limitation when the device is used as a slave device in the I2C bus mode
Description: If the wake-up function is executed (by setting the WUP flag (bit 5 of serial operation mode
register 0 (CSIM0) to 1) in the serial transfer statusNote, the data between other slave device
and the master devices is checked as an address. If that data coincides with the slave address
of the µPD78054Y, therefore, the µPD78054Y takes part in communication, destroying the
communication data.
Note The serial transfer status is the status from when the serial I/O shift register 0 (SIO0)
has been written until the interrupt request flag (CSIIF0) is set to 1 by completion of
serial transfer.
Preventive measures: The above problem can be prevented by modifying the program.
Before executing the wake-up function, execute the following program that clears
the serial transfer status. When executing the wake-up function, do not execute
an instruction that writes data to SIO0. Even if such an instruction is executed,
data can be received when the wake-up function is executed.
This program is to clear the serial transfer status. To clear the serial transfer status,
serial interface channel 0 must be stopped (by clearing the CSIE0 flag (bit 7 of the
serial operation mode register (CSIM0) to 0). If the serial interface channel 0 is
stopped in the I2C bus mode, however, the SCL pin outputs a high level and the
SDA0 (SDA1) pin outputs a low level, affecting communication on the I2C bus.
Therefore, this program allows the SCL and SDA0 (SDA1) pin to go into a high-
impedance state to prevent the I2C bus from being affected.
Note that, in this example, the serial data input/output pin is SDA0 (/P25). If SDA1
(/P26) is used as the serial data input/output pin, take P2.5 and PM2.5 in the
program as P2.6 and PM2.6.
258
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
• Example of program that clears serial transfer status
SET1 P2.5 ; <1>
SET1 PM2.5 ; <2>
SET1 PM2.7 ; <3>
CLR1 CSIE0 ; <4>
SET1 CSIE0 ; <5>
SET1 RELT ; <6>
CLR1 PM2.7 ; <7>
CLR1 P2.5
; <8>
CLR1 PM2.5 ; <9>
<1> When the I2C bus mode is restored by instruction <5>, the SDA0 pin does not output a low level. The
output of the SDA0 pin goes into a high-impedance state.
<2> The P25(/SDA0) pin is set in the input mode to prevent the SDA0 line from being affected when the
port mode is set by instruction <4>. The P25 pin is set in the input mode when instruction <2> is
executed.
<3> The P27 (/SCL) pin is set in the input mode to prevent the SCL line from being affected when the port
mode is set by instruction <4>. The P27 pin is set in the input mode when instruction <3> is executed.
<4> The I2C bus mode is changed to the port mode.
<5> The port mode is changed to the I2C bus mode.
<6> Instruction <8> prevents the SDA0 pin from outputting a low level.
<7> The P27 pin is set in the output mode because it must be in the output mode in the I2C bus mode.
<8> The output latch of the P25 pin is cleared to 0 because it must be cleared to 0 in the I2C bus mode.
<9> The P25 pin is set in the output mode because it must be in the output mode in the I2C bus mode.
Remark RELT: Bit 0 of serial bus interface control register (SBIC)
259
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.2 Interface with OSD LSI (µPD6451A)
The OSD (On Screen Display) LSI µPD6451A displays the program information of a VCR and TV channels on
a display when used in combination with a microcontroller. The µPD6451A is interface with four lines: DATA, CLK,
STB, and BUSY. In the example shown in this section, the µPD78054 subseries is used to interface the µPD6451A.
Figure 8-30. Example of Connecting µPD6451A
µ
PD78054
SCK1
µ
PD6451A
Display
CLK
SO1
STB
DATA
STB
RGB
RGB
BUSY
BUSY
Figure 8-31. Communication Format of µPD6451A
SCK1
SO1
DO7 DO6 DO5 DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
STB
BUSY
The strobe signal (STB) is output and busy signal (BUSY) is tested automatically by the serial interface channel
1 of the 78K/0 series to establish handshaking with and to interface the µPD6451A. To match the communication
format of the µPD6451A, the µPD78054 subseries is set in a mode in which output of the strobe signal and input of
the busy signal (high active) are enabled. By setting the transmit data (32 bytes MAX) in a buffer area (FAC0H through
FADFH) and the number of transmit data to the automatic data transmit/receive address pointer (ADTP), you can
automatically transmit plural data successively.
260
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
TR6451 : µPD6451A transfer subroutine name
DTVAL : Number of transmit data setting area
<Register used>
A
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
DTVAL
Stores number of transmit data
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 1
<Initial setting>
• Setting of serial interface channel 1
CSIM1 = #10100011B ; Enables automatic transmission/reception with MSB first
ADTC = #00000110B ; Enables busy input (high active) and strobe output in single mode
• ADTI = #00000000B ; Interval time of data transfer
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register; does not use divider circuit
• TCL3 = #1001××××B ; Serial clock fXX/24
• Makes P22 output latch high
• PM2 = #×××1000×B
; Sets P21, P22, and P23 in output mode and P24 in input mode
<Starting>
Set the data to be transmitted to the buffer RAM (starting from the highest address), and the number of data
to be transmitted to DTVAL, and call TR6451. You can check the end of data transfer by testing the bit 3
(TRF) of the automatic data transfer/reception control register (ADTC).
261
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(2) Example of use
Sets data to buffer RAM
Sets number of data to be transmitted to DTVAL
Calls TR6451
WHILE: waits for end of transfer
EXTRN
EQU
TR6451,DTVAL
P2.2
SCK1
.
.
.
.
OSMS=#00000001B
P2=#00000100B
; Does not use divider circuit
PM2=#11110001B
CSIM1=#10100011B
TCL3=#10011001B
ADTC=#00000110B
ADTI=#00000000B
; Sets automatic transfer/reception function
; SCK1 = 262 kHz
; Enable strobe and busy signals
; Interval time of data transfer
.
.
.
.
DE=#TABLE1
HL=#0FAC0H
B=32
; Sets table reference address of transmit data
; Sets first address of buffer RAM
; Sets number of data to be transmitted
while(B>#0)
B––
; Transfers transmit data to buffer RAM
[HL+B]=[DE] (A)
DE++
endw
DATVAL=#32
; Sets number of data to be transmitted
; Waits for end of transfer
CALL
!TR6451
while_bit(TRF)
endw
262
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
TABLE1:
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
11111111B
; Power-ON reset, command 1
; Vertical address 0
; Horizontal address 0
01000000B
11000000B
10000000B
11111100B
11101001B
; Character size
; Command 0
; Turns LC transmission ON, blinking OFF, display ON
DB
10001100B
; Turns blinking ON. Character: red
DB
DB
DB
11011011B
10010101B
10100000B
; Color specification, background filled in cyan
; Number of display lines: 5
; Number of display digits: 0
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
07H
08H
1BH
6DH
00H
10H
11H
20H
20H
1CH
19H
13H
11H
24H
19H
00H
1EH
10H
1EH
00H
24H
15H
; 7
; 8
; K
; /
; 0
; A
; P
; P
; L
; I
; C
; A
; T
; I
; O
; N
; N
; O
; T
; E
Remark For the command and data of the output table data, refer to µPD6451A Data Sheet (Document No. IC-
2337).
263
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
TR6451
Sets (number of data to be transmitted – 1) to ADTP
Sets status before transfer
Starts transfer
(4) Program list
PUBLIC TR6451,DTVAL
CSI_DAT DSEG
DTVAL: DS
SADDR
1
; Number of data setting area
CSI_SEG CSEG
;*************************************
;* µPD6451A communication
;*************************************
TR6451:
A=DTVAL
A––
; Sets number of data
; Starts transfer
ADTP=A
SIO1=#0FFH
RET
264
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.3 Interface in SBI Mode
The 78K/0 series has an SBI mode conforming to NEC serial bus format. In this mode, one master CPU can
communicate with two or more slave CPUs by using two lines: clock and data. In the example shown in this section,
the µPD78054 subseries is used.
Figure 8-32 shows an example of connection to use the SBI mode, and Figure 8-33 shows the communication
format.
Figure 8-32. Example of Connection in SBI Mode
VDD
µ PD78054 master
µ PD78054 slave
SB0
SB0
SCK0
SCK0
Slave CPU
SB
SCK
Slave CPU
SB
SCK
265
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-33. Communication Format in SBI Mode
(a) Address transmission
SCK0
SB0
A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
Sets
Sets
RELD CMDD
(b) Command transmission
SCK0
SB0
C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0
Sets
CMDD
(c) Data transmission/reception
SCK0
SB0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ACK
Sets
ACKD
Table 8-9. Signals in SBI Mode
Signal Name
Address
Command
Data
Output by:
Meaning
Master
Selects slave device
Master
Command to slave device
Master/slave
Master
Data to be processed by slave or master
Clock
Serial data transmission/reception synchronization signal
Reception acknowledge signal
Busy status
Note
ACK
Receiver side
Slave
BUSY
Note This signal is output by the receiver side during normal operation. However, it is output
by the master CPU in case of an error such as time out.
266
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.3.1 Application as master CPU
When the µPD78054 subseries is used as a master CPU, it performs processing (a) through (d) below with respect
to slave CPUs.
(a) Address transmission
(b) Command transmission
(c) Data transmission
(d) Data reception
While the above processing is performed, errors <1> and <2> below are checked.
<1> Time out processing
If the master CPU transmits data and a slave does not return the ACK signal within a specific time (in this
example, before the watch interrupt request occurs five times), the master judges that an error has occurred.
The master CPU then outputs an ACK signal and terminates the processing.
Figure 8-34. ACK Signal in Case of Time out
End of transfer
Master output
SB0
ACK
(time out)
INTTM3 (ACKD test)
<2> Testing bus line
The master CPU tests whether data has been correctly output to the bus line by setting the transmit data
to the serial I/O shift register 0 (SIO0) and the slave address register (SVA). Because the data on the bus
line is received by SIO0, it confirms that the data has been output normally by testing bit 6 (COI) of the serial
operating mode register 0 (CSIM0) (that is set when SIO0 coincides with SVA) at the end of transfer.
Figure 8-35. Testing Bus Line
SIO0 = 0FH
SB0 = 07H
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
In Figure 8-35, the values of SIO0 and SVA do not coincide (SIO0 = 07H and SVA = 0FH). Consequently, COI
= 0, and an error has occurred on the bus line.
267
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
M_TRANS
TR_MODE
TRNDAT
RCVDAT
TRADR
: Master SBI transfer subroutine name
: Storage area of transfer mode select value
: Transmit data storage area
: Receive data storage area
: Address transmit mode select value
: Command transmit mode select value
: Data transmit mode select value
: Data reception mode select value
: Error status test flag
TRCMD
TRDAT
RCDAT
ERRORF
<Register used>
Subroutine A
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Stores transfer mode select value
Time out counter
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
TR_MODE
ACKCT
TRNDAT
RCVDAT
Stores transmit data
Stores receive data
<Flag used>
Name
Usage
Sets reception mode
Sets busy status
RCVFLG
BUSYFG
ERRORF
ACKWFG
Sets error status
Sets ACK signal wait status
<Nesting>
2 levels 5 bytes
268
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 0
• Watch timer
<Initial setting>
• OSMS=#00000001B
• Sets serial interface channel 0
CSIM0=#10010011B
• TCL3=#××××1001B
• RELT=1
; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
; Selects SBI mode and SB1 pin
; Serial clock: fXX/24
; Makes SO0 latch high
• P27=1
; Makes P27 output latch high
• TMC2=#00100110B
• Enables watch timer interrupt
; Watch timer interval: 1.95 ms
<Starting>
Set the transfer mode and necessary data, and call M_TRANS. When execution has returned from the
subroutine, occurrence of a transfer error can be checked by testing the error flag (ERRORF). In the reception
mode, the receive data is stored to RCVDAT after execution has returned from the subroutine.
269
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(2) Example of use
Sets transfer mode
Sets transmit data
Calls M_TRANS
IF: error occurs
Error processing
EXTRN
EXTRN
M_TRANS,TR_MODE,TRADR,TRCMD,TRDAT,RCDAT
TRNDAT,RCVDAT
EXTBIT ERRORF
SCK0
SB1
EQU
EQU
P2.7
P2.5
.
.
.
.
OSMS=#00000001B
; Does not use divider circuit
SET1 SB1
CSIM0=#10010111B
TCL3=#10011001B
TMC2=#00100110B
; Operates in SBI mode
; SCK0 = 262 kHz
; Sets interval of watch timer to 1.95 ms
; Disables output of busy signal
; Sets output latch
CLR1
SET1
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
EI
BSYE
RELT
SCK0
SB1
CSIMK0
TMMK3
; Enables serial interface channel 0 interrupt
; Enables watch timer interrupt
; Enables master interrupt
.
.
.
.
TR_MODE=#TRADR
TRNDAT=#5AH
CALL
!M_TRANS
if_bit(ERRORF)
Error processing
endif
270
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
M_TRANS
CASE: TR_MODE
OF: TRADR
WHILE: SB0 = LOW
WHILE: SCK0 = LOW
Outputs command signal
Outputs bus release signal
OF: TRCMD
WHILE: SB0 = LOW
WHILE: SCK0 = LOW
Outputs command signal
OF: TRDAT
Sets transmission mode
Clears RCVFLG
BREAK
OF: RCDAT
Sets reception mode
Sets RCVFLG
Sets output off data (FFH) of bus line
BREAK
Sets transmission status
Sets BUSYFG
Sets transmit data to SIO0 and SVA
WHILE: transfer in progress (sets BUSYFG)
Stores data of SIO0 to RCVDAT
IF: transmission mode
THEN
IF: error occurs in bus line
THEN
Sets error status
Sets ERRORF
271
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
INTCSI0
Selects register bank 0
IF: transmission mode
THEN
IF: ACK signal not received
THEN
Sets ACK wait status
Sets ACKWFG
ELSE
Clears busy status
Clears BUSYFG
Clears error status
ELSE
Clears ERRORF
Outputs ACK signal
Clears BUSYFG and ERRORF
INTTM3
Selects register bank 0
IF: ACK wait status
THEN
IF: ACK received
THEN
Clears ACK wait status
Clears ACKWFG
Clears busy status
Clears BUSYFG
ELSE
IF: time out
THEN
Time out error processing
Clears ACK wait status
Clears ACKWFG
Clears busy status
Clears BUSYFG
272
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(4) Program list
PUBLIC M_TRANS,TR_MODE,TRADR,TRCMD,TRDAT,RCDAT
PUBLIC TRNDAT,RCVDAT,ERRORF
VECSI0 CSEG
AT 14H
INTCSI0
AT 1EH
INTTM3
DW
; Sets vector address of serial interface channel 0
; Sets vector address of watch timer
VETM3
CSEG
DW
SBI_DAT DSEG
TRNDAT: DS
RCVDAT: DS
TR_MODE:DS
ACKCT: DS
SADDR
1
1
1
1
; Transmit data
; Receive data
; Sets transfer mode
; ACK time out count
SBI_FLG BSEG
RCVFLG DBIT
BUSYFG DBIT
ERRORF DBIT
ACKWFG DBIT
; Sets reception mode
; Transfer status
; Error display
; ACK wait status
SB0
SCK0
EQU
EQU
P2.5
P2.7
TRADR
TRCMD
TRDAT
RCDAT
EQU
EQU
EQU
EQU
1
2
3
4
; Selects address transmission mode
; Selects command transmission mode
; Selects data transmission mode
; Selects data reception mode
273
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
;*******************************************
;* SBI data transfer processing
;*******************************************
SBI_SEG CSEG
M_TRANS:
switch(TR_MODE)
case TRADR:
SET1
PM2.5
while_bit(!SB0)
; SB0 = high?
; SCK = high?
CLR1
endw
PM2.5
while_bit(!SCK0)
endw
SET1
NOP
CMDT
; Outputs command signal
; Wait
SET1
RELT
; Outputs bus release signal
A=#TRCMD
case TRCMD:
SET1
PM2.5
while_bit(!SB0)
; SB0 = high?
CLR1
endw
PM2.5
while_bit(!SCK0)
endw
; SCK = high?
SET1
A=#TRDAT
case TRDAT:
CLR1
CMDT
; Outputs command signal
RCVFLG
; Sets transmission mode
; Sets transmit data
A=TRNDAT
break
case RCDAT:
SET1
RCVFLG
; Sets reception mode
MOV
A,#0FFH
; Turns off receive buffer
break
ends
SET1
SVA=A
SIO0=A
BUSYFG
; Sets transfer status
; Tests bus line
; Starts transfer
while_bit(BUSYFG)
endw
; Transfer in progress
RCVDAT=SIO0 (A)
if_bit(!RCVFLG)
if_bit(!COI)
; Stores receive data
; Transmission mode
; Bus line output abnormal
; Sets error status
SET1
endif
endif
RET
ERRORF
274
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
;***************************************
;* INTCSI0 interrupt processing
;***************************************
CSI_SEG CSEG
INTCSI0:
SEL RB0
; Transmission mode
if_bit(!RCVFLG)
if_bit(!ACKD)
ACKCT=#5
; Acknowledge signal not received
; Sets acknowledge signal wait status
SET1
ACKWFG
else
; Clears busy status
; Clears error status
CLR1
CLR1
BUSYFG
ERRORF
endif
else
; Outputs acknowledge signal
; Clears busy status
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
ACKT
BUSYFG
ERRORF
; Clears error status
endif
RET
;***************************************
;*
Time out processing
;***************************************
TM3_SEG CSEG
INTTM3:
SEL RB0
if_bit(ACKWFG)
if_bit(ACKD)
; Acknowledge signal wait status?
; Acknowledge signal received?
; Clears acknowledge signal wait status
; Clears busy status
CLR1
CLR1
ACKWFG
BUSYFG
else
ACKCT--
if(ACKCT==#0)
; Time out?
SET1
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
ACKT
; Time out error processing
ERRORF
ACKWFG
BUSYFG
; Clears acknowledge signal wait status
; Clears busy status
endif
endif
endif
275
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.3.2 Application as slave CPU
A slave CPU receives addresses, commands, and data from the master CPU and transmits data to the master
CPU.
In the example shown in this section, addresses are received by using the wake-up function. This function is to
generate an interrupt only when the address value transmitted by the master to the slave coincides with the value
set to the slave address register (SVA) of the slave in the SBI mode. Therefore, only the slave CPU selected by the
master CPU generates INTCSI0, and the slave CPUs not selected operates without generating an inadvertent
interrupt request.
The slave CPU clears the wake-up function when it has been selected by the master (the interrupt request signal
is generated at the end of transmission), and interfaces with the master CPU. Addresses, commands, and data being
transmitted are identified by using bits 2 and 3 (RELD and CMDD) of the serial bus interface control register (SB IC).
Because the slave CPU is not automatically placed in the unselect status, a program that returns the slave CPU
to the unselect status must be prepared by processing commands between the master and CPU.
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
RCVDAT: Receive data storage area
<Register used>
Bank 0: A
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
RCVDAT
Stores receive data
Sets reception mode
<Flag used>
Name
RCVFLG
<Nesting>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 0
<Initial setting>
• Setting of serial interface channel 0
CSIM0=#10010011B;
Sets SBI mode, SBI pin, and wake-up mode, and inputs
serial clock from external source
Outputs synchronous busy signal
Makes SO0 latch high
• BYSE=1
• RELT=1
• SVA=#SLVADR;
Slave address
• Enables serial interface channel 0 interrupt
276
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Starting>
The interrupt processing is started by generation of INTCSI0. The interrupt processing performs the following
processing:
• Identifies address/command/data
• Outputs ACK signal
• Stores receive data to RCVDAT
(2) Example of use
EXTRN RCVDAT
EXTBIT RCVFLG
SLVADR EQU
5AH
SB1
EQU
P2.5
.
.
.
.
SET1
SB1
CSIM0=#10110100B
; Inputs external clock, sets SB1 pin, and selects wake-up mode
; Sets output latch to high level
SET1
SET1
RELT
BSYE
; Sets busy automatic output
SVA=#SLVADR
SIO0=#0FFH
; Sets slave address
; Serial transfer start command
CLR1
CLR1
EI
SB1
CSIMK0
; Enables serial interface channel 0 interrupt
; Enables master interrupt
(3) SPD chart
INTCSI0
Selects register bank 0
IF: address received
THEN
Clears wake-up mode
Outputs ACK signal
Address coincidence processing
ELSE
IF: command received
THEN
Command reception processing
Outputs ACK signal
ELSE
IF: reception mode
THEN
Data reception processing
Outputs ACK signal
ELSE
Data transmission processing
Stores SIO0 data to memory
277
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(4) Program list
VECSI0 CSEG
DW
AT 14H
INTCSI0
; Sets vector address of serial
interface channel 0
SCI_DAT DSEG
RCVDAT: DS
SADDR
1
; Receive data storage area
; Sets reception mode
CSI_FLG BSEG
RCVFLG DBIT
CSI_SEG CSEG
;***************************************
;* INTCSI0 interrupt processing
;***************************************
INTCSI0:
SEL RB0
if_bit(RELD)
; To address reception
CLR1
SET1
WUP
ACKT
; Clears wake-up mode
; Outputs acknowledge signal
;
User processing (address reception)
;***************************************
elseif_bit(CMDD)
; To command reception
;
User processing (command reception)
SET1 ACKT
; Outputs acknowledge signal
else
if_bit(RCVFLG)
User processing (data reception processing)
SET1 ACKT
else
User processing (data transmission processing)
endif
;
;
; Outputs acknowledge signal
;***************************************
endif
RCVDAT=SIO0 (A)
RETI
278
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.4 Interface in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode
In this section, examples of communication between the master and a slave by using the 3-wire serial I/O mode
(serial clock, data input, data output) of the serial channel 0 of the 78K/0 series are shown. In these examples, one
extra busy signal is used as a handshake signal for simultaneous transmission/reception between the master and
slave. This busy signal is active-low and is output by the slave. The data is 8 bits long and transmitted with the MSB
first. In the examples in this section, the µPD78054 subseries is used.
Figure 8-36. Example of Connection in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode
Master
SCK0
Slave
SCK0
SO0
SI0
SO0
SI0
BUSY
BUSY
Figure 8-37. Communication Format in 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode
BUSY
SCK0
DO7 DO6 DO5 DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0
DI7 DI6 DI5 DI4 DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0
SO0
SI0
279
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.4.1 Application as master CPU
The serial clock is set to fXX/24, and communication is executed in synchronization with this serial clock between
the master and slave CPUs.
The master CPU starts transmission after it has set the transmit data. If the slave CPU is busy (when the busy
signal is low), however, the master does not transmit data and sets the busy flag (BUSYFG).
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
TRANS
TDATA
RDATA
BUSY
: Name of 3-wire transfer subroutine of master
: Transmit data storage area
: Receive data storage area
: Busy signal input port
TREND
BUSYFG
: Transfer end test flag
: Busy status test flag
<Register used>
Interrupt
: Bank 0, A
Subroutine : A
<RAM used>
Name
TDATA
RDATA
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
Stores transmit data
Stores receive data
<Flag used>
Name
TREND
BUSYFG
Usage
Sets transfer end status
Sets busy status
<Nesting>
2 levels 5 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 0
• P33
<Initial setting>
• OSMS=#00000001B
; Oscillation mode select register: does not used divider
circuit
• Setting of serial interface channel 0
CSIM0=#10000011B
; 3-wire serial I/O mode, MSB first
; Serial clock fXX/24
• TCL3=#××××1001B
• P27=1
; Makes P27 output latch high
• P33 input mode
• Enables serial interface channel 0 interrupt
280
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Starting>
Set the transmit data to TDATA and call TRANS. After execution has returned from the subroutine, test the
busy flag (BUSYFG). If the busy flag is set, transfer has not been executed and therefore, you must execute
it again. If the busy flag is cleared, transfer has ended and the receive data has been stored to RDATA.
(2) Example of use
Sets transmit data
UNTIL: BUSYFG cleared
Clears BUSYFG
Calls TRANS
WHILE: TREND cleared
Loads receive data
EXTRN
TDATA,RDATA,TRANS
EXTBIT TREND,BUSYFG,BUSY
SCK0
EQU
.
P2.7
.
.
.
; Does not use divider circuit
OSMS=#00000001B
CSIM0=#10000011B
TCL3=#10011001B
; Sets 3-wire serial I/O mode with MSB first
; Sets SCK0 = 262 kHz
SET1
SET1
CLR1
EI
SCK0
PM3.3
CSIMK0
; Sets P3.3 input mode
; Enables serial interface channel 0
.
.
.
.
; Sets transmit data
; Busy test
TDATA=A
repeat
CLR1
CALL
BUSYFG
!TRANS
until_bit(!BUSYFG)
while_bit(!TREND)
endw
; Ends transfer
; Loads receive data
A=RDATA
281
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
TRANS
IF: transfer enabled
THEN
Sets transmit data to SIO0
ELSE
Sets busy status
Sets BUSYFG
INTCSI0
Selects register bank 0
Stores data of SIO0 to memory
Sets transfer end status
Sets TREND
(4) Program list
PUBLIC TRANS,RDATA,TDATA,BUSY,TREND,BUSYFG
VECSI0 CSEG
AT 14H
DW
INTCSI0
; Sets vector address of serial interface channel 0
; 0FF03H = PORT3
BUSY
EQU
0FF03H.3
CSI_DAT DSEG
RDATA: DS
TDATA: DS
SADDR
1
1
; Receive data storage area
; Transmit data storage area
CSI_FLG BSEG
TREND
BUSYFG DBIT
DBIT
; Sets transfer end status
; Sets busy status
CSI_SEG CSEG
;**************************************
;:* INTCSI0 interrupt processing
;**************************************
INTCSI0:
SEL RB0
RDATA=SIO0 (A)
; Stores receive data
SET1
RETI
TREND
; Sets transfer end status
;**************************************
;* 3-wire (master)
;**************************************
TRANS:
if_bit(BUSY)
SIO0=TDATA (A)
else
; Enables transfer
; Sets transmit data
SET1
endif
RET
BUSYFG
; Sets busy status
282
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.4.2 Application as slave CPU
In this example, a slave CPU simultaneously transmits and receives 8-bit data in synchronization with the serial
clock from the master CPU. The busy signal output by the slave CPU is low (busy status) while the transmit data
is prepared. This busy signal is cleared (high level) when the transmit data is set (CALL !TRANS), and is output (low
level) when interrupt INTCSI0 occurs at the end of transfer.
Therefore, the busy status remains after the end of transfer until the data is set.
Figure 8-38. Output of Busy Signal
Waits for Transmission
transmission in progress
Transmit data being prepared
BUSY
Sets transmit data
INTCSI0
Sets transmit data
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
TRANS
TDATA
RDATA
BUSY
: Name of 3-wire transfer subroutine of slave
: Transmit data storage area
: Receive data storage area
: Busy signal output port
TREND
: Transfer end test flag
<Register used>
Interrupt
: Bank 0, A
Subroutine : A
<RAM used>
Name
TDATA
RDATA
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
Stores transmit data
Stores receive data
<Flag used>
Name
Usage
Sets transfer end status
TREND
<Nesting>
2 level 5 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 0
• P33
283
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Initial setting>
• Setting of serial interface channel 0
CSIM0=#10000000B
; Sets 3-wire serial I/O mode with MSB first, and inputs external
clock
• P33=0
; P33 output mode
• Setting of busy status
• Enables serial interface channel 0
<Starting>
Set the transmit data to TDATA and call TRANS. Because the busy signal is cleared by the processing of
TRANS, the slave waits for communication with the master. After the communication has ended, INTCSI0
occurs and interrupt processing is started. You can check the end of transfer by testing TREND. After TREND
has been set, the receive data has been stored to RDTA.
(2) Example of use
Sets transmit data
Calls TRANS
WHILE: TREND cleared
Loads receive data
EXTRN
TDATA,RDATA,TRANS
EXTBIT TREND,BUSY
.
.
.
.
; Sets 3-wire I/O mode with MSB first
; Busy status
CSIM0=#10000000B
CLR1
CLR1
CLR1
EI
BUSY
PM3.3
CSIMK0
; P3.3 output mode
; Enables serial interface channel 0
.
.
.
.
; Sets transmit data
; Ends transfer
TDATA=A
CALL
while_bit(!TREND)
endw
!TRANS
; Loads receive data
A=RDATA
284
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
TRANS
Sets transmit data to SIO0
Clears busy signal
INTCSI0
Selects register bank 0
Outputs busy signal
Stores SIO0 data to memory
Sets transfer end status
(4) Program list
PUBLIC RDATA,TDATA,BUSY,TREND,BUSYFG
PUBLIC TRANS
VECSI0 CSEG
AT 14H
DW
INTCSI0
; Sets vector address of serial interface channel 0
CSI_DAT DSEG
RDATA: DS
TRADA: DS
SADDR
1
1
; Stores receive data
; Stores transmit data
CSI_FLG BSEG
TREND
BUSYFG DBIT
DBIT
; Sets transfer end status
; Sets busy status
BUSY
EQU
0FF03H.3
; 0FF03H = PORT3
CSI_SEG CSE
;**************************************
;* INTCSI0 interrupt processing
;**************************************
INTCSI0:
SEL RB0
CLR1
BUSY
; Sets busy status
RDATA=SI00 (A)
; Stores receive data
; Sets transfer end status
SET1
RETI
TREND
;**************************************
;* 3-wire (slave)
;**************************************
TRANS:
SIO0=TDATA (A)
; Sets transmit data
; Clears busy status
SET1
RET
BUSY
285
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
8.5 Interface in Asynchronous Serial Interface (UART) Mode
Serial interface channel 2 has two modes: asynchronous serial interface (hereafter referred to as “UART”) and
3-wire serial I/O modes.
Serial interface channel 2 is set by the following registgers:
• Serial operating mode register 2 (CSIM2)
• Asynchronous serial interface mode register (ASIM)
• Asynchronous serial interface status register (ASIS)
• Baud rate generator control register (BRGC)
• Oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
UART using serial interface channel 2 is briefly described below.
The UART mode of serial interface channel 2 is to transmit or receive 1-byte data following a start bit and can
perform full-duplex operation.
The operations of UART communication are described below.
(a) Communication format
One data frame of transmit/receive data consists of a start bit, character bits, parity bit, and stop bit. The
character bit length, parity, and stop bit length in one data frame are specified by using the asynchronous serial
interface mode register (ASIM).
(b) Setting of baud rate
A UART dedicated baud rate generator is provided that can set a wide range of baud rates. A baud rate can
also be defined by dividing the clock input to the ASCK pin.
The transmit/receive clock for the band rate is generated by dividing the main system clock. The baud rate
generated from the main system clock can be calculated by the following expression. Table 8-10 shows the
relations between the main system clock and baud rate (at fx = 4.19 MHz).
fXX
[Baud rate] =
[Hz]
2n × (k + 16)
Remarks 1. fXX: main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
2. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
3. n : value set by TPS0-TPS3
(bits 4-7 of the baud rate generator control register (BRGC) (1 ≤ n ≤ 11)
4. k : value set by MDL0-MDL3 (bits 0-3 of BRGC) (0 ≤ k ≤ 14)
286
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Table 8-10. Relations between Main System Clock and Baud Rate (at fX = 4.19 MHz)
MCS = 1
Set value of BRGC
MCS = 0
Set value of BRGC
Baud rate (bps)
Error (%)
1.14
Error (%)
1.14
–2.01
1.1.4
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
–1.31
1.14
–
75
0BH
03H
EBH
DBH
CBH
BBH
ABH
9BH
8BH
7BH
71H
6BH
5BH
EBH
E3H
DBH
CBH
BBH
ABH
9BH
8BH
7BH
6BH
61H
5BH
–
110
–2.01
1.14
150
300
1.14
600
1.14
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
31250
38400
76800
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
–1.31
1.14
1.14
Remark MCS: bit 0 of the oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
(c) Transmission
Transmission is started when transmit data has been written to the transmit shift register (TXS). The start
bit and parity bit are automatically appended.
(d) Reception
Reception is enabled when bit 6 (RXE) of the asynchronous serial interface mode register (ASIM) is set to
1, and the data input to the RxD pin is sampled. When reception of one frame of data has been completed,
the receive data in the shift register is transferred to the receive buffer register (RXB) and a receive end interrupt
request (INTSR) occurs.
(e) Receive error
During reception, three types of errors may occur: parity error, framing error, and overrun error. If the error
flag of the asynchronous serial interface status register (ASIS) is set as a result of data reception, a receive
error interrupt (INTSER) occurs. By reading the contents of ASIS in the receive error interrupt processing
(INTSER), which error has occurred can be identified. The contents of ASIS are reset (0) by either reading
the receive buffer register (RXB) or receiving the next data. (if the next data includes an error, that error flag
is set).
Cautions 1. The contents of the asynchronous serial interface status register (ASIS) are reset to 0
when the receive buffer register (RXB) is read or the next data is received. To determine
the nature of the error, be sure to read ASIS before reading RXB.
2. Be sure to read the receive buffer register (RXB) when a reception error has occurred.
Otherwise, an overrun error will occur when the next data is received, and the reception
error status will persist.
287
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
During communication, transmission and reception with a terminal is performed and RTS and CTS are
controlled for handshaking. The communication protocol is shown below.
• Baud rate: 9600 bps
• No parity bit
• Stop bit: 2 bits
• LSB first
• CTS input pin: P31
• RTS output pin: P32
When transmission is started, the end of the previous transmission (in which case the transmission end
interrupt request flag (STIF) is set to 1) is checked, and transmission is executed if the CTS input status is
ready (“L”).
During reception, the busy signal (“H”) is output to the RTS output pin when a reception end interrupt request
(INTSR) occurs. “L” is output to the RTS output pin when reception is enabled.
A receive error interrupt request (INTSER) occurs if a receive error (parity error, framing error, or overrun error)
occurs, and the error flag is set. Figure 8-39 shows a communication block diagram, and Figures 8-40 and
8-41 show the transmission/reception format.
Figure 8-39. Communication Block Diagram
µ
PD78054
Terminal
T
X
D
D
T D
X
R
X
RXD
CTS input
CTS input
RTS output
RTS output
288
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-40. Communication Format
Reception at reception side OK
CTS input pin
P31
Start
bit
Data output
Parity Stop
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
bit
TXD
bit
Communication
start timing
Transmission end
interrupt request
INTST
Figure 8-41. Reception Format
RTS output pin
P32
Start
bit
Data input
Parity Stop
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
bit
RXD
bit
Receive end
interrupt request
INTSR
Receive error
interrupt request
INTSER
289
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Subroutine name
S_SOSHIN : Transmit routine
• Input parameter of S_SOSHIN routine
SOSHIN
• Output parameter of S_SOSHIN routine
F_BUSY : Transmit busy flag
• Output parameter of INTSR interrupt
JUSHIN : Receive data storage area
: Transmit data storage area
F_TUSHIN : Reception end flag
• Output parameter of INTSER interrupt
F_ERR
: Receive error flag
<Register used>
S_SOSHIN : Bank 0, A
INTSR
: Bank 3, A
: Bank 3, A
INTSER
<RAM used>
Name
SOSHIN
JUSHIN
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
SADDR
Bytes
Transmit data storage area
Receive data storage area
1
1
<Flag used>
Name
Usage
F_TUSHIN
F_BUSY
Set at end of reception
Set if transmission cannot be started by CTS input
pin; cleared if transmission can be started
F_ERR
Set if receive error occurs
<Nesting level>
2 levels 5 bytes
290
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
<Hardware used>
• Serial interface channel 2 (UART mode)
<Initial setting>
• OSMS=#00000001B
• CLR1 P3.2
; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
; P31 = CTS input, P32 = RTS output
PM3=#××××10×B
• BRGC=#10001011B
• CSIM2=#00000000B
• ASIM=#11001101B
• CLR1 SRIF
; Sets baud rate to 9600 bps (error: 1.14%)
; Sets 0 to serial operation mode register 2 when UART is used
; Sets asynchronous serial interface mode register
; Clears reception end receive error interrupt request flags
CLR1 SERIF
• SET1 STIF
• CLR1 SRMK
; Sets transmission end interrupt request flag (to end transmission)
; Enables reception end and receive error interrupts
CLR1 SERMK
Caution Before starting transmission, check the transmission end interrupt request flag (STIF) so
that transmission is not executed during transmission. Therefore, set the transmission
end interrupt request flag (STIF) after reset and start.
Remark To use the transmission end interrupt (to generate the interrupt request), use an additional flag.
Set the additional flag as the initial setting. Clear the flag at the start of transmission, and set
it in the interrupt processing.
<Starting>
Store the transmit data to the SOSHIN area at the start of transmission and call the S_SOSHIN routine.
291
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
EXTRN
S_SOSHIN
SOSHIN,JUSHIN
EXTBIT F_TUSHIN,F_ERR,F_BUSY
;
RTS_0
;
EQU
P3.2
; RTS output port
OSMS=#00000001B
CLR1 RTS_0
; Does not use divider circuit
;
PM3=#11111011B
BRGC=#10001011B
CSIM2=#00000000B
ASIM=#11001101B
; P31 = CTS input, P32 = RTS output
; 9600 bps (error: 1.41%)
; Initial setting when UART is used
; Enables receive error interrupt. Stop bit: 2 bits
; Transmit data: 8 bits. No parity. Enables reception and transmission.
; Clears receive error interrupt request flag
; Clears reception end interrupt request flag
; Sets transmit end interrupt request flag
CLR1
CLR1
SET1
SERIF
SRIF
STIF
;
;
→Ends transmission
CLR1
CLR1
EI
SERMK
SRMK
; Enables receive error interrupt
; Enables reception end interrupt
;
.
.
.
.
if_bit(transmission request)
SOSHIN=A
; Sets transmission request flag?
;
;
Stores transmit data
Calls transmit routine
CALL
endif
!S_SOSHIN
if_bit(F_BUSY)
.
;
;
;
End of transmission?
Communication busy processing
.
endif
.
.
if_bit(F_TUSHIN)
; Sets reception end flag?
CLR1
A=JUSHIN
.
F_TUSHIN
;
;
Clears reception end flag
Reads receive data
Reception processing
.
;
CLR1
endif
RTS_0
; RTS output pin ← “L” (ready status)
;
.
.
if_bit(F_ERR)
; Receive error occurs?
;
CLR1
.
F_ERR
Receive error processing
.
;
;
endif
.
.
292
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(3) SPD chart
S_SOSHIN
(if: previous transmission ends ?)
THEN
(if: transmission enabled ?)
THEN
Clears transmit busy flag
Clears transmit end interrupt request flag
TXS ← transmit data
ELSE
Sets transmit busy flag
ELSE
Sets transmit busy flag
INTSR
Selects register bank 3
RTS output pin ← "H" (sets busy status)
JUSHIN ← RXB (loads receive data)
Sets reception end flag
INTSER
Selects register bank 3
A ← RXB (loads receive error data)
Sets receive error flag
293
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(4) Program list
PUBLIC S_SOSHIN
PUBLIC SOSHIN,JUSHIN
PUBLIC F_TUSHIN,F_ERR,F_BUSY
;
VESR
CSEG
DW
AT 1AH
INTSR
VESER
CSEG
DW
AT 18H
INTSER
;
RTS_0
CTS_I
;
EQU
EQU
P3.2
P3.1
; RTS output port
; CTS input port
UARTRAM
SOSHIN:
JUSHIN:
;
DSEG
DS
DS
SADDR
1
1
; Transmit data storage area
; Receive data storage area
UARTFLG
F_TUSHIN
F_BUSY
F_ERR
;
BSEG
DBIT
DBIT
DBIT
; Reception end flag
; Communication busy flag
; Reception error flag
;************************************
Transmission routine
;************************************
;
UARTPR0
CSEG
S_SOSHIN:
if_bit(STIF)
if_bit(!CTS_I)
CLR1 STIF
TXS=SOSHIN (A)
; Previous transmission end?
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Enables transmission?
Clears transmit end interrupt request flag
Stores transmit data
CLR1
F_BUSY
Clears transmit busy flag
else
SET1
F_BUSY
Disables transmission → sets transmission busy flag
endif
SET1
else
F_BUSY
endif
RET
;************************************
Reception end routine
;
;************************************
INTSR:
;
SEL
RB3
; RTS ← H
SET1
RTS_0
; Loads receive data
JUSHIN=RXB (A)
; Sets reception end flag
;
SET1
F_TUSHIN
RETI
;************************************
;
Reception error routine
;************************************
INTSER:
; Selects bank 3
; Reads error data
; Sets receive error flag
;
SEL
RB3
A=RXB
SET1
RETI
END
F_ERR
294
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
(f) Limitation when using UART mode
In the UART mode, the reception completion interrupt (INTSR) occurs a certain time after the reception
error interrupt (INTSER) has occurred and cleared. As a result, the following phenomenon may take place.
• Description
If bit 1 (ISRM) of the asynchronous serial interface mode register (ASIM) is set to 1, the reception
completion interrupt (INTSR) does not occur when a reception error occurs. If the receive buffer register
(RXB) is read at certain timing (a in Figure 8-42) during reception error interrupt (INTSER) processing,
the internal error flag is cleared to 0. Therefore, it is judged that a reception error has not occurred,
and INTSR, which should not occur, occurs. Figure 8-42 illustrates this operation.
Figure 8-42. Timing of Reception Completion Interrupt (when ISRM = 1)
fSCK
INTSER (when framing
overrun error occurs)
a
Error flag
(internal flag)
Cleared when RXB
is read
INTSR
Interrupt routine
of CPU
It is judged that receive error has not
occurred, and INTSR occurs.
Reads RXB
Remark ISRM : Bit 1 of asynchronous serial interface mode register (ASIM)
fSCK : Source clock of 5-bit counter of baud rate generator
RXB : Receive buffer register
To prevent this phenomenon, take the following measures:
• Preventive measures
• In case of framing error or overrun error
Disable the receive buffer register (RXB) from being read for a certain period (T2 in Figure 8-43)
after the receive error interrupt (INTSER) has occurred.
• In case of parity error
Disable the receive buffer register (RXB) from being read for a certain period (T1 + T2 in Figure
8-43) after the reception error interrupt (INTSER) has occurred.
295
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
Figure 8-43. Receive Buffer Register Reading Disabled Period
STOP
RxD (input)
INTSR
D0
D1
D2
D6
D7
Parity
START
INTSER (when framing or
overrun error occurs)
INTSER (when parity
error occurs)
T1
T2
T1: Time of one data of baud rate selected by baud rate generator control register (BRGC) (1/baud rate)
T2: Time of two source clocks (fSCK) of 5-bit counter selected by BRGC
• Example of preventive measures
An example of preventive measures is shown below.
[Condition]
fX = 5.0 MHz
Processor clock control register (PCC) = 00H
Oscillation mode select register (OSMS) = 01H
Baud rate generator control register (BRGC) = 80H (2400 bps is selected as baud rate)
tCY = 0.4 µs (tCY = 0.2 µs)
1
T1 =
= 833.4 µs
2400
T2 = 12.8 × 2 = 25.6 µs
T1 + T2
= 4295 (clocks)
tCY
296
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATIONS OF SERIAL INTERFACE
[Example]
UART receive error
interrupt (INTSER) processing
Main processing
EI
INTSER occurs
7 CPU clocks (min.)
(time from interrupt
request to processing)
Instructions of 4288
CPU clocks (MIN.) are
necessary
MOV A, RXB
RETI
297
[MEMO]
298
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
The A/D converter of the 78K/0 series is a successive approximation type with an 8-bit resolution and eight
channels. Although only a select mode is supported as the operation mode, conversion can be started by an external
trigger. If the external trigger is not used, the analog data of a selected channel is repeatedly converted into a digital
signal.
The A/D converter is set by the A/D converter mode register (ADM), A/D converter input select register (ADIS),
external interrupt mode register 1 (INTM1), and A/D current cut select register (IEAD).
Caution IEAD is provided only to the µPD78098 and 78098B subseries.
299
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-1. Format of A/D Converter Mode Register
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78064, 78064Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78083, 780058, 780058Y,
780308, 780308Y, 78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY subseries,
µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
ADM
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF80H
At reset
01H
R/W
R/W
CS
TRG
FR1
FR0 ADM3 ADM2 ADM1 HSC
ADM3 ADM2 ADM1
Selects analog input channel
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
ANI0
ANI1
ANI2
ANI3
ANI4
ANI5
ANI6
ANI7
Note 1
FR1
FR0 HSC
Selects A/D conversion time
At fX = 5.0 MHz
At fX = 4.19 MHz
MCS = 1
MCS = 0
MCS = 1
80/fX (19.1 µs)
MCS = 0
160/fX (38.1 µs)
80/fX (19.1 µs)
100/fX (23.8 µs)
200/fX (47.7 µs)
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
8
0/f
X
X
X
(setting prohibited)
(setting prohibited)
(setting prohibited)
160/fX (32.0 µs)
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
0
40/f
50/f
80/f
X
(setting prohibited)
40/f
50/f
X
(setting prohibited)
(setting prohibited)
1
1
100/fX (20.0 µs)
200/fx (40.0 µs)
X
100/fX (20.0 µs)
Setting prohibited
100/fX (23.8 µs)
Others
TRG
Selects external trigger
0
1
No external trigger (software start)
Conversion started by external trigger (hardware start)
CS
0
Controls A/D conversion operation
Stops operation
Starts operation
1
Notes 1. Set the A/D conversion time to 19.1 µs or longer.
2. These settings are prohibited because the A/D conversion time is less than 19.1 µs.
Cautions 1. To reduce the power consumption of the A/D converter when the standby function is used,
stop the A/D conversion operation by clearing bit 7 (CS) to 0, and then execute the HALT or
STOP instruction.
2. To resume the A/D conversion operation which has been once stopped, clear the interrupt
request flag (ADIF) to 0 and then start the A/D conversion operation.
Remarks 1. fX
: main system clock oscillation frequency
2. MCS : bit 0 of the oscillation mode select register (OSMS)
300
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-2. Format of A/D Converter Mode Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
ADM
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF80H
At reset
01H
R/W
R/W
CS
TRG
FR1
FR0 ADM3 ADM2 ADM1 HSC
ADM3 ADM2 ADM1
Selects analog input channel
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
ANI0
ANI1
ANI2
ANI3
ANI4
ANI5
ANI6
ANI7
Note 1
FR1
FR0 HSC
Selects A/D conversion time
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
80/fXX (20.0 µs)
Note 2
0
40/fXX (setting prohibited)
50/fXX (setting prohibited)
100/fXX (25.0 µs)
Note 2
1
1
Others
Setting prohibited
TRG
Selects external trigger
0
1
No external trigger (software start)
Conversion started by external trigger (hardware start)
CS
0
Controls A/D conversion operation
Stops operation
Starts operation
1
Notes 1. Set the A/D conversion time to 19.1 µs or longer.
2. These settings are prohibited because the A/D conversion time is less than 19.1 µs.
Cautions 1. To reduce the power consumption of the A/D converter when the standby function is used,
stop the A/D conversion operation by clearing bit 7 (CS) to 0, and then execute the HALT or
STOP instruction.
2. To resume the A/D conversion operation which has been once stopped, clear the interrupt
request flag (ADIF) to 0 and then start the A/D conversion operation.
Remarks 1. fXX : main system clock frequency
2. ( ) : fXX = 4.0 MHz
301
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-3. Format of A/D Converter Mode Register (µPD780018, 780018Y subseries)
Symbol
ADM
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF80H
At reset
01H
R/W
R/W
CS
TRG
FR1
FR0 ADM3 ADM2 ADM1 HSC
ADM3 ADM2 ADM1
Selects analog input channel
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
ANI0
ANI1
ANI2
ANI3
ANI4
ANI5
ANI6
ANI7
Note 1
FR1
FR0 HSC
Selects A/D conversion time
At fX = 5.0 MHz
At fX = 4.19 MHz
Note 2
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
80/fX (setting prohibited)
40/fX (setting prohibited)
50/fX (setting prohibited)
100/fX (20.0 µs)
80/fX (19.1 µs)
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
0
40/fX (setting prohibited)
50/fX (setting prohibited)
1
1
Others
Setting prohibited
TRG
Selects external trigger
0
1
No external trigger (software start)
Conversion started by external trigger (hardware start)
CS
0
Controls A/D conversion operation
Stops operation
Starts operation
1
Notes 1. Set the A/D conversion time to 19.1 µs or longer.
2. These settings are prohibited because the A/D conversion time is less than 19.1 µs.
Cautions 1. To reduce the power consumption of the A/D converter when the standby function is used,
stop the A/D conversion operation by clearing bit 7 (CS) to 0, and then execute the HALT or
STOP instruction.
2. To resume the A/D conversion operation which has been once stopped, clear the interrupt
request flag (ADIF) to 0 and then start the A/D conversion operation.
Remark fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
302
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-4. Format of A/D Converter Input Select Register
Symbol
ADIS
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
2
1
0
Address
FF84H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ADIS3 ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0
ADIS3 ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0 Selects number of analog
input channels
0
0
0
0
No analog input channel
(P10-P17)
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1 channel (ANl0, P11-P17)
2 channels (ANl0, ANl1,
P12-P17)
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
3 channels (ANl0-ANl2,
P13-P17)
4 channels (ANl0-ANl3,
P14-P17)
5 channels (ANl0-ANI4,
P15-P17)
6 channels (ANl0-ANI5,
P16-P17)
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
7 channels (ANI0-ANl6, P17)
8 channels (ANI0-ANI7)
Setting prohibited
Others
Cautions 1. Set analog input channels in the following steps:
<1> Set the number of analog input channels by using ADIS.
<2> Select one channel whose data is to be converted, from the channels selected by ADIS,
by using the A/D converter mode register (ADM).
2. The internal pull-up resistor is not used to the channel selected by ADIS as an analog input
channel, regardless of the value of the bit 1 (PUO1) of the pull-up resistor option register L
(PUOL).
303
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-5. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1
(µPD78054, 78054Y, 78078, 78078Y, 78098, 780018, 780018Y, 78058F,
78058FY, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FFEDH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
INTM1 ES71 ES70 ES61 ES60 ES51 ES50 ES41 ES40
ES41 ES40 Selects valid edge of INTP3
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES51 ES50 Selects valid edge of INTP4
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES61 ES60 Selects valid edge of INTP5
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES71 ES70 Selects valid edge of INTP6
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
304
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-6. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1
(µPD78064, 78064Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y, 78064B subseries)
Symbol
INTM1
7
0
6
0
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
At reset
R/W
ES61 ES60 ES51 ES50 ES41 ES40
FFEDH
00H
R/W
ES41 ES40 Selects valid edge of INTP3
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES51 ES50 Selects valid edge of INTP4
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
ES61 ES60 Selects valid edge of INTP5
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
305
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-7. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1 (µPD78083 subseries)
Symbol
INTM1
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FFEDH
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
ES41 ES40
ES41 ES40 Selects valid edge of INTP3
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Falling edge
Rising edge
Setting prohibited
Both rising and falling edges
Caution Be sure to clear bits 2 through 7 to 0.
Figure 9-8. Format of A/D Current Cut Select Register (µPD78098, 78098B subseries)
Symbol
IEAD
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
Address
F8E2H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
IEAD0
IEAD0 Controls connection between AVDD and AVREF0
0
1
Disconnects AVDD from AVREF0
Connects AVDD and AVREF0
306
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
9.1 Level Meter
In this application example, the analog voltage input to the A/D converter is displayed on an LED matrix consisting
of 4 × 4, i.e., 16 LEDs.
Because a level meter has been included in this example, the LED display is given in decibel units. Figure 9-9
shows the circuit of the level meter, and Figure 9-10 shows the relations between the result of the A/D conversion
and the number of display digits.
Figure 9-9. Example of Level Meter Circuit
µ
PD78054
P60
P61
P62
P63
ANIn
P64
P65
P66
P67
=
Figure 9-10. A/D Conversion Result and Display
LED(Units)
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0AH 12H 20H 2EH 39H 40H 48H 51H 5BH 66H 72H 80H 90H A2H B5H FFH
–22 –17 –12 –9 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
0
1
2
3
6
[dB]
Display value
307
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
The level meter in this example operates with specifications <1> through <3> below.
<1> Measurement method
A/D conversion is performed every 20 ms, and the average value of four previous data is calculated and
displayed on the LEDs.
<2> Display method
The LED display is updated every 20 ms. The LED matrix consists of 4 × 4 = 16 LEDs and performs dynamic
display. For the dynamic display, 8-bit timer/event counter 1 (interval time: 2 ms) is used.
<3> Peak hold
Holding the maximum display level for a specific period (1 second) is called peak hold. Even if the display
level drops during a specific period, only the LED at the maximum display level is held. Therefore, the hold
period of the hold level is 20 ms to 1 s.
Figure 9-11. Concept of Peak Hold
Specific period (1 second)
Hold level
6
6
6
5
6
4
6
5
7
7
8
8
9
9
9
8
9
7
9
6
9
5
9
5
4
4
4
3
4
3
5
5
6
6
6
2
Display level
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
LEVEL : Name of LED display subroutine
DSPLEV : Display level storage area
HLDLEV : Hold level storage area
CT20MS : Counter measuring 20 ms
CT1S
: Counter measuring 1 s
<Register used>
AX, HL, BC (subroutine processing)
Bank 0: A, HL, B (interrupt processing)
308
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
<RAM used>
Name
ADDAT
Usage
Stores A/D conversion value
Stores display level
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
4
1
DSPLEV
HLDLEV
CT20MS
CT1S
Stores hold level
Counter measuring 20 ms
Counter measuring 1 s
Display digit counter
DIGCNT
DSPDAT
WORKCT
Stores display data
4
1
Work counter for loop processing
<Flag used>
Name
T20MSF
T1SF
Usage
Set every 20 ms
Set every 1 s
<Nesting>
2 levels 5 bytes
<Hardware used>
• A/D converter
• 8-bit timer/event counter 1
• P6
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• ADM = #1000×××1B ; Selects channel of A/D converter and starts operation
• TCL1 = #10111011B ; Interval time of 2 ms of 8-bit timer/event counter 1
TMC1 = #00000001B
CR10 = 130
• P6 output mode
• Makes P6 output latch low
• Enables INTTM1 interrupt
309
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
<Starting>
This program performs two types of processing: A/D conversion (subroutine) and LED display (interrupt).
• A/D conversion processing
Call LEVEL at least once every 20 ms from the main processing. The LEVEL processing performs A/D
conversion processing only when 20 has elapsed.
• LED display
The 4 × 4 LED matrix performs dynamic display by using the interrupt processing of 8-bit timer/event
counter 1 (interval: 2 ms). The interrupt processing of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 sets the T20MSF (loading
of A/D conversion value) and T1SF (end of hold period) used for the A/D conversion processing at an
interval of 2 ms.
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
LEVEL,CT20MS,CT1S
MOV
MOV
MOV
CLR1
CT20MS,#10
CT1S,#50
TMC2,#00100110B
TMMK3
; Turns OFF LED display
P6=#00H
; Does not use divider circuit
; ANI0 pin starts operation
PM6=#00000000B
OSMS=#00000001B
ADM=#10000001B
TCL1=#10111011B
; Sets 8-bit timer/event counter 1 to 2 ms
CR10=#130
TMC1=#00000001B
; Enables 8-bit timer/event counter 1 interrupt
CLR1
EI
TMMK1
310
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(3) SPD chart
LEVEL
IF: 20 ms elapses (T20MSF = 1)
THEN
Clears T20MSF
Stores A/D conversion value to memory
Averages four previous A/D conversion values
(FOR: WORKCT = #0; WORKCT < #16; WORKCT + +)
IF: conversion result > display level comparison data
THEN
Updates comparison data
ELSE
BREAK
Stores display data to memory
IF: less then 1 second (T1SF = 0)
THEN
IF: hold level < display level
THEN
Sets display level to hold level
ELSE
Clears T1SF
Sets display level to hold level
Converts display level and hold level to segment signal
Stores digit signal and segment signal to memory in combination
INTTM1
Selects register bank 0
Outputs OFF signal to digit and segment
Outputs memory contents indicated by digit counter
Increments digit counter
Decrements 20 ms counter
IF: 20 ms elapses (CT20MS = 0)
THEN
Sets 20 ms counter to 10
Sets 20 ms elapse status
Sets T20MSF
Decrements 1-s counter
IF: 1 second elapses (CT1S = 0)
THEN
Sets 1-s counter to 50
Sets 1-s elapse status
Sets T1SF
311
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC LEVEL,HLDLEV,DSPLEV,CT20MS,CT1S
AD_DAT DSEG
ADDAT: DS
DSPLEV: DS
HLDLEV: DS
CT20MS: DS
SADDR
; A/D conversion result storage area
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
; Display level value
; Hold level value
; 20 ms counter
; 1 s counter
CT1S:
DS
; Display digit counter
; Display data
DIGCNT: DS
DSPDAT: DS
WORKCT: DS
AD_FLG BSEG
T20MSF DBIT
; Measures 20 ms
; Measures 1 s
T1SF
DBIT
VETM1
CSEG
DW
AT 24H
INTTM1
; Sets vector address of 8-bit timer/event counter 1
AD_SEG CSEG
;*********************************
Sets level meter data
*
;*********************************
LEVEL:
; Checks 20 ms
IF_BIT(T20MSF)
CLR1
T20MSF
; Inputs A/D conversion value
; Stores A/D conversion value
A=ADCR
A<->ADDAT
A<->ADDAT+1
A<->ADDAT+2
A<->ADDAT+3
; Averages four A/D conversion values
; Data storage address
AX=#0H
HL=#ADDAT
for(WORKCT=#0;WORKCT<#4;WORKCT++)
A+=[HL]
HL++
; Carry
if_bit(CY)
X++
; Higher digit
endif
next
A<->X
; Averages four values
C=#4
; AX/C = AX (quotient) ... C (remainder)
; Remainder processing (2 or higher is carried)
; Carry processing
AX/=C
if(C>=#2) (A)
X++
endif
HL=#LEVTBL
; Conversion result storage register
; Compares data
B=#0
for(WORKCT=#0;WORKCT<#16;WORKCT++)
if(X>=[HL+B]) (A)
B++
else
break
endif
next
312
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
DSPLEV=B (A)
; Determines display data
if_bit(!T1SF)
X=HLDLEV (A)
; 1 s (hold level updated)
; Compares hold and display levels
if(X<DSPLEV) (A)
HLDLEV=DSPLEV (A)
endif
CLR1
else
T1SF
HLDLEV=DSPLEV (A)
endif
HL=#DSPTBL
A=DSPLEV
A+=A
; Creates display level
B=A
A=HLDLEV
A+=A
C=A
X=[HL+B] (A)
B++
A=[HL+B]
HL=#HLDTBL
A<->X
; Creates hold level
A|=[HL+C]
A<->X
C++
A|=[HL+C]
BC=AX
HL=#DSPDAT
A=C
A&=#0FH
A|=#00010000B
[HL]=A
HL++
; Sets segment signal of first digit
; Sets digit signal
A=C
; Sets segment signal of second digit
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A&=#0FH
A|=#00100000B
[HL]=A
HL++
; Sets digit signal
A=B
; Sets segment signal of third digit
; Sets digit signal
A&=#0FH
A|=#01000000B
[HL]=A
HL++
A=B
; Sets segment signal of fourth digit
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A&=#0FH
A|=#10000000B
[HL]=A
; Sets digit signal
endif
313
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
RET
LEVTBL:
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
0AH
12H
20H
2EH
39H
40H
48H
51H
5BH
66H
72H
80H
90H
0A2H
0B5H
0FFH
DSPTBL:
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
0000000000000000B
0000000000000001B
0000000000000011B
0000000000000111B
0000000000001111B
0000000000011111B
0000000000111111B
0000000001111111B
0000000011111111B
0000000111111111B
0000001111111111B
0000011111111111B
0000111111111111B
0001111111111111B
0011111111111111B
0111111111111111B
1111111111111111B
HLDTBL:
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
0000000000000000B
0000000000000001B
0000000000000010B
0000000000000100B
0000000000001000B
0000000000010000B
0000000000100000B
0000000001000000B
0000000010000000B
0000000100000000B
0000001000000000B
0000010000000000B
0000100000000000B
0001000000000000B
0010000000000000B
0100000000000000B
1000000000000000B
$EJECT
314
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
;*********************************
Level meter data
*
;*********************************
TM1_SEG CSEG
INTTM1:
; Turns OFF digit and segment signals
SEL RB0
P6=#00000000B
HL=#DSPDAT
B=DIGCNT (A)
P6=[HL+B] (A)
DIGCNT++
; 20 ms?
DIGCNT&=#00000011B
CT20MS--
; Sets initial counter value
; 1s?
if(CT20MS==#0)
CT20MS=#10
SET1
T20MSF
CT1S--
; Sets initial counter value
if(CT1S==#0)
CT1S=#50
SET1
T1SF
endif
endif
RETI
315
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
9.2 Thermometer
In this application example, a temperature in a range of –20°C to +50°C is measured by using a thermistor (6 kΩ/
0°C) as a temperature sensor. Changes in the resistance of the thermistor with respect to temperature are given
by the following expression:
R = R0exp { B (1/T – 1/T0) }
where,
R
T
: resistance at given temperature T [°K]
: given temperature [°K]
R0 : resistance at reference temperature T0 [°K]
T0 : reference temperature [°K]
B
: constant obtained by reference temperature T0 [°K] and T0 [°K]
Constant B changes with the temperature. This constant can be calculated by changing the above expression
as follows:
1
R
R0
B =
In
(1/T–1/T0)
Figure 9-12 shows a circuit example. This circuit is designed to input 0 V at –20°C, and 5 V at + 50°C.
Figure 9-12. Circuit Example of Thermometer
µ
PD78054
Th
+
–
ANIn
316
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Because the characteristic of the thermistor is non linear in this example, the input analog voltage is not converted
to a temperature in a range of –20 °C to +50 °C through calculation but by comparison with table data. This conversion
result is stored to RAM (DSPDAT) as 2-digit BCD. Figure 9-13 shows the characteristics of the thermistor, and Table
9-1 shows the relations between temperature and A/D conversion value.
To measure the temperature, four conversion values are averaged and converted to a temperature. The result
of the conversion is stored in a display area. Therefore, the data is updated once every four times. For example,
if measurement processing is executed every 250 ms, the display updating cycle is 1 second.
Figure 9-13. Temperature vs. Output Characteristic
(%)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
–20
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50 (°C)
Temperature
317
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Table 9-1. A/D Conversion Value and Temperature
Conversion
Value
Temperature
Conversion
Value
Temperature
Conversion
Value
Temperature
Conversion
Value
Temperature
[°C]
[°C]
[°C]
[°C]
00
01
04
07
0A
0C
0F
12
16
19
1C
1F
23
26
2A
2D
31
35
–20.0
–19.5
–18.5
–17.5
–16.5
–15.5
–14.5
–13.5
–12.5
–11.5
–10.5
–9.5
38
3C
40
44
48
4C
50
54
58
5C
60
64
69
6D
71
75
7A
7E
–2.5
–1.5
–0.5
0.5
82
86
8B
8F
93
97
9B
9F
A3
A8
AC
B0
B4
B7
BB
BF
C3
C7
15.5
16.5
17.5
18.5
19.5
20.5
21.5
22.5
23.5
24.5
25.5
26.5
27.5
28.5
29.5
30.5
31.5
32.5
CB
CE
D2
D6
D9
DC
E0
E3
E7
EA
ED
F0
F3
F6
F9
FC
FE
FF
33.5
34.5
35.5
36.5
37.5
38.5
39.5
40.5
41.5
42.5
43.5
44.5
45.5
46.5
47.5
48.5
49.5
50.0
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
–8.5
9.5
–7.5
10.5
11.5
12.5
13.5
14.5
–6.5
–5.5
–4.5
–3.5
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
THMETER : Thermometer subroutine call name
DSPDAT : Display data storage area
CNTPRO : Test counter counting number of inputs
MINUSF : Minus temperature display flag
T250MSF : 250-ms setting flag
<Register used>
AX, BC, HL
318
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
<RAM used>
Name
ADDAT
Usage
Stores A/D conversion value
Stores display data
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
4
2
1
DSPDAT
CNTPRO
WORKCT
Test counter for number of inputs
Work counter for loop processing
<Flag used>
Name
T250MSF
MINUSF
Usage
Executes measurement processing when set
Set when temperature is below zero
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
A/D converter
<Initial setting>
ADM = #1000×××1B; Selects A/D converter channel and starts operation
<Starting>
Set the T250MSF flag in each measurement cycle by using timer processing. After that, call THMETER at
least once in measurement cycle.
319
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
THMETER,DSPDAT,CNTPRO
EXTBIT MINUSF,T250MSF
AD_DAT DSEG
CT250MS:DS
SADDR
1
4
1
; 250 ms counter
; LED display area
LEDD:
DS
DIGCT: DS
; LED display digit counter
VETM3
CSEG
DW
AT 1EH
INTTM3
; Sets vector address of watch timer
; Sets watch timer to 1.95 ms
MOV
TMC2,#00100110B
TMMK3
CLR1
.
.
.
.
CT250MS=#128
CNTPR0=#4
ADM=#10000011B
; Selects ANI1 pin and starts operation
.
.
.
.
;**********************************************
;
;
Watch timer interrupt processing
Interval time: 1.95 ms
;**********************************************
INTTM3:
; 1.95 ms interrupt processing
; 250 ms elapses
.
.
.
.
DBNZ
MOV
SET1
CT250MS,$RTNTM3
CT250MS,#128
T250MSF
RTNTM3:
.
.
.
.
RETI
320
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(3) SPD chart
THMETER
IF: 250 ms elapses (T250MS = 1)
THEN
Clears T250MS
Stores A/D conversion value to memory
IF: four values stored in memory
THEN
Averages four A/D conversion values
(FOR: WORKCT = #0; WORKCT < #70; WORKCT + +)
IF: conversion result > comparison data for temperature conversion
THEN
Updates comparison data
ELSE
BREAK
IF: minus temperature data
THEN
Sets minus status
Sets MINUSF
Converts temperature data to decimal number and stores in memory
321
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC THMETER,DSPDAT,CNTPR0,T250MSF,MINUSF
AD_DAT DSEG
SADDR
ADDAT: DS
DSPDAT: DS
CNTPR0: DS
WORKCT: DS
4
2
1
1
; A/D conversion result storage area
; Display data
; Tests number of inputs
AD_FLG BSEG
T250MSF DBIT
MINUSF DBIT
; Sets 250 ms
; Sets minus data
TH_SEG CSEG
;*********************************
Sets temperature data
*
;*********************************
THMETER:
if_bit(T250MSF)
; 250 ms
CLR1
T250MSF
A=ADCR
A<->ADDAT
A<->ADDAT+1
A<->ADDAT+2
A<->ADDAT+3
CNTPR0--
if(CNTPR0==#0)
CNTPR0=#4
AX=#0H
HL=#ADDAT
; Data storage address
for(WORKCT=#0;WORKCT<#4;WORKCT++)
A+=[HL]
HL++
if_bit(CY)
X++
; Carry occurs
; Carry
endif
next
A<->X
C=#4
AX/=C
;
AX/C = AX (quotient) ... C (remainder)
if(C>=#2) (A)
X++
; Remainder processing (2 digits or more carried)
; Carry processing
endif
A=X
; Converts to temperature data
B=#0
HL=#THRTBL
if(A==#0FFH)
B=#70
else
for(WORKCT=#0;WORKCT<#70;WORKCT++)
if(X>=[HL+B]) (A)
B++
else
break
endif
next
322
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
endif
CLR1
A=#20
B–=A
if_bit(CY)
SET1
MINUSF
; Temperature data 20
; To decimal conversion
MINUSF
A=#0
A–=B
A<->B
endif
; Absolute value of data
; Decimal conversion
X=#0
A=B
A<->X
C=#10
AX/=C
DSPDAT=C (A)
; Temperature data/10
; Updates display data
(DSPDAT+1)=X (A)
endif
endif
RET
323
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
THRTBL;
;
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
1
4
7
; –19.5
; –18.5
; –17.5
; –16.5
; –15.5
; –14.5
; –13.5
; –12.5
; –11.5
; –10.5
; –9.5
; –8.5
; –7.5
; –6.5
; –5.5
; –4.5
; –3.5
; –2.5
; –1.5
; –0.5
; +0.5
; 1.5
0AH
0CH
0FH
12H
16H
19H
1CH
1FH
23H
26H
2AH
2DH
31H
35H
38H
3CH
40H
44H
48H
4CH
50H
54H
58H
5CH
60H
64H
69H
6DH
71H
75H
7AH
7EH
82H
86H
8BH
8FH
93H
97H
9BH
9FH
0A3H
0A8H
0ACH
0B0H
0B4H
0B7H
0BBH
0BFH
0C3H
0C7H
0CBH
0CEH
0D2H
0D6H
; 2.5
; 3.5
; 4.5
; 5.5
; 6.5
; 7.5
; 8.5
; 9.5
; 10.5
; 11.5
; 12.5
; 13.5
; 14.5
; 15.5
; 16.5
; 17.5
; 18.5
; 19.5
; 20.5
; 21.5
; 22.5
; 23.5
; 24.5
; 25.5
; 26.5
; 27.5
; 28.5
; 29.5
; 30.5
; 31.5
; 32.5
; 33.5
; 34.5
; 35.5
; 36.5
324
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
0D9H
0DCH
0E0H
0E3H
0E7H
0EAH
0EDH
0F0H
0F3H
0F6H
0F9H
0FCH
0FFH
; 37.5
; 38.5
; 39.5
; 40.5
; 41.5
; 42.5
; 43.5
; 44.5
; 45.5
; 46.5
; 47.5
; 48.5
; 49.5
325
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
9.3 Analog Key Input
In this example, sixteen keys are input by using the A/D converter. To input keys, a circuit must be designed so
that a voltage peculiar to a key is input to the A/D converter when the key is pressed.
Because sixteen keys are input in this example, VDD is divided by 16 and the voltage of each key is converted into
a key code. Table 9-2 shows the relations between the input voltages and key codes (00H through 0FH). When
no key input is made, the key code is 10H.
Table 9-2. Input Voltage and Key Code
Input Voltage V A/D Conversion Value Key Code
GND
00-07H
08-17H
18-27H
28-37H
38-47H
48-57H
58-67H
68-77H
78-87H
88-97H
98-A7H
A8-B7H
B8-C7H
C8-D7H
D8-E7H
E8-F7H
F8-FFH
00H
01H
02H
03H
04H
05H
06H
07H
08H
09H
0AH
0BH
0CH
0DH
0EH
0FH
10H
1/16VDD
2/16VDD
3/16VDD
4/16VDD
5/16VDD
6/16VDD
7/16VDD
8/16VDD
9/16VDD
10/16VDD
11/16VDD
12/16VDD
13/16VDD
14/16VDD
15/16VDD
VDD
Figure 9-14 shows an example of the circuit that satisfies the above relations between the input voltages and key
codes. Note, however, that this circuit gives a priority to the key with the lower number if two or more keys are pressed
at the same time.
326
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Figure 9-14. Example of Analog Key Input Circuit
VDD
R0
K0
ANIn
R1
K1
µPD78054
R2
K2
R14
K14
R15
K15
Resistances R0 through R15 used in the circuit in Figure 9-14 can be calculated by the following expression:
n
n × R0
Σ
RK =
16–n
K=1
Table 9-3 shows the resistances of R1 through R15 where R0 is 1 kΩ in the above expression (the calculation
result of a resistance may slightly different from the resistance of commercial resistors indicated by a color code).
Table 9-3. Resistances of R1 through R5
Resistor No. Resistance Value Ω Resistor No. Resistance Value Ω Resistor No. Resistance Value Ω
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
68
75
R6
R7
150
180
220
270
390
R11
R12
R13
R14
R15
560
750
82
R8
1.3 k
2.7 k
8.2 k
100
120
R9
R10
This program converts an input analog voltage into the corresponding key code shown in Table 9-2, absorbs
chattering, and then stores the input voltage to RAM. To absorb chattering, a key code is assumed to be valid when
it coincides with a given value five times in succession. For example, if an analog voltage is sampled every 5 ms,
chattering of 20 to 25 ms is absorbed. If a key input is changed, a key change flag (KEYCHG) is set.
327
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
AKEYIN
: Analog key input subroutine name
KEYDAT : Key code storage area
PASTDT : Key code storage area for chattering absorption
CHATCT : Chattering absorption counter
KEYCHG : Key change test flag
CHTENDF : Flag to test end of chattering absorption
KEYOFF : Key code when there is no key input
<Register used>
A
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Stores key code for chattering absorption
Stores key code
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
PASTDAT
KEYDAT
CHATCNT
Chattering counter
<Flag used>
Name
Usage
Set when key is changed
KEYCHG
CHTENDF
Sets when chattering absorption ends
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
A/D converter
<Initial setting>
ADM = #1000×××1B; Selects A/D converter channel and starts operation
<Starting>
• Call AKEYIN at fixed interval.
• Input a key code after testing the key change flag. Note that this flag is not cleared by the subroutine and
must be cleared after the flag has been tested.
328
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
EXTRN
AKEYIN,KEYDAT,PASTDT,CHATCT
KEYOFF
EXTBIT KEYCHG,CHTENDF
VETM3
CSEG
DW
AT 1EH
INTTM3
; Sets vector address of watch timer
MAINDAT DSEG
CT5MS: DS
SADDR
1
TMC2=#00100110B
CLR1
TMMK3
CT5MS=#3
; Sets OFF data as key data
KEYDAT=#KEYOFF
PASTDT=#KEYOFF
CHATCT=#CHAVAL
; Sets number of times of chattering to five
CLR1
CLR1
CHTENDF
KEYCHG
; Selects ANI2 pin and starts operation
; Key changed?
ADM=#10000101B
EI
.
.
.
.
if_bit(KEYCHG)
CLR1
KEYCHG
; Key input processing
endif
.
.
.
.
;**********************************************
;
;
Watch timer interrupt processing
Interval: 1.95 ms
;**********************************************
; 1.95 ms interrupt processing
INTTM3:
.
.
.
.
DBNZ
MOV
CT5MS,$RTNTM3
CT5MS,#3
; 1.95 ms × 3 elapses
CALL
!AKEYIN
RTNTM3:
.
.
.
.
RETI
329
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(3) SPD chart
AKEYIN
Inputs and adjusts A/D conversion value (adds 8)
IF: overflow occurs
THEN
Sets no key input status
ELSE
Decodes key
IF: key input not changed
THEN
IF: chattering being absorbed
THEN
IF: chattering absorption ends
THEN
Sets chattering absorption status
Sets CHTENDF
IF: valid key changed
THEN
Updates key code
Sets key change status
ELSE
Sets KEYCHG
Updates comparison key code
Sets chattering absorption start status
Clears CHTENDF
330
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC AKEYIN,KEYDAT,PASTDT
PUBLIC CHATCT,KEYOFF
PUBLIC KEYCHG,CHTENDF
; Key data storage area
; Chattering key data
; Chattering counter
AK_DAT DSEG
SADDR
KEYDAT: DS
PASTDT: DS
CHATCT: DS
1
1
1
; Key changed
AK_FLG BSEG
KEYCHG DBIT
CHTENDF DBIT
; Chattering absorption end status
; OFF key data
; Number of times of chattering absorption
KEYOFF EQU
CHAVAL EQU
10H
5
AK_SEG CSEG
;******************************
Analog key input
*
;******************************
AKEYIN:
A=ADCR
; Inputs A/D conversion value
; Corrects data
A+=#8
; Sets no key input status
; Decodes key
if_bit(CY)
A=#KEYOFF
else
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A>>=1
A&=0FH
endif
if(A==PASTDT)
if_bit(!CHTENDF)
CHATCT--
if(CHATCT==#0)
; No key change
; Chattering being absorbed
; End of chattering absorption
; Sets chattering absorption status
SET1
CHTENDF
; Valid key changed
; Updates key data
A=PASTDT
if(A!=KEYDAT)
KEYDAT=A
; Sets key change status
SET1
endif
endif
endif
endif
PASTDT=A
CHATCT=#CHAVAL-1
CLR1 CHTENDF
endif
RET
KEYCHG
; Updates previous key data
; Starts chattering absorption
331
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
9.4 4-Channel Input A/D Conversion
This section describes the method to scan four channels for A/D conversion. The A/D conversion operation is
started by the software.
The analog voltages input to the selected four channels are converted into digital signals. The result of the
A/D conversion of each channel is stored in RAM.
An interrupt request is generated by using 8-bit timer/event counter 1. The result of the conversion is loaded and
channel is converted in the processing of this interrupt request. Because 8-bit timer/event counter 1 is set to 10 ms,
it is not necessary to measure the wait time of the A/D conversion.
Caution To change the interrupt time, make the following setting:
• Set timer longer than
A/D conversion end time + Interrupt entry
return time + Interrupt processing time.
• Test flags that indicate the end of the conversion.
Figure 9-15. Timing Chart in 4-Channel Scan Mode
INTTM2
10 ms
ANI0
ANI1
ANI2
ANI3
ANI0
ANI1
ANI2
ANI3
ANI0
ADCR
ADIn
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
332
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Output parameter
M_CH0 : Stores conversion result of channel 0
M_CH1 : Stores conversion result of channel 1
M_CH2 : Stores conversion result of channel 2
M_CH3 : Stores conversion result of channel 3
<Register used>
A
<RAM used>
Name
M_CH0
M_CH1
M_CH2
M_CH3
M_MODE
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
SADDR
SADDR
SADDR
SADDR
Bytes
Channel 0 conversion result storage area
Channel 1 conversion result storage area
Channel 2 conversion result storage area
Channel 3 conversion result storage area
Mode storage area
1
1
1
1
1
<Nesting>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• A/D converter
• 8-bit timer/event counter 1
• Port 1 (P10-P13)
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• ADM = #1000××××B
; Selects A/D converter channel and starts operation
• ADIS = #00000100B
; Selects number of A/D converter channels
• TCL1 = #00001110B ; Interval time of 8-bit timer/event counter 1: 10 ms
TMC1 = #00000001B
CR10 = #81
• Enables TMMK1 interrupt
333
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
;******************************************
Initialize
;******************************************
M_CH0,M_CH1,M_CH2,M_CH3,M_MODE
;
M4
CSEG
;
RES_STA:
SEL RB0
;
;
DI
.
.
.
.
OSMS=#00000001B
ADM=#10000001B
ADIS=#00000100B
CR10=#81
; Does not use divider circuit
; Starts A/D operation and selects external trigger channel 0
; Selects analog input channel 4
; Sets modulo register 81
TCL1=#00001110B
TMC1=#00000001B
; Count clock: 8.2 kHz
; Enables 8-bit timer/register 1 operation
; Clears timer 1 interrupt request flag
; Enables timer 1 interrupt
CLR1
CLR1
EI
TMIF1
TMMK1
;
M_MODE=#0
; Sets initial value (0 channel) to mode area
.
.
while(forever)
;
.
.
A=M_CH0
; A ← data of channel 0
; A ← data of channel 1
; A ← data of channel 2
; A ← data of channel 3
.
.
A=M_CH1
.
.
A=M_CH2
.
.
A=M_CH3
.
.
(3) SPD chart
[A/D conversion processing]
KASAN
Loads conversion result of channel for previous A/D conversion
Changes channel
ADM ← selects changed channel
334
CHAPTER 9 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(4) Program list
;********************************************
A/D conversion
;
;********************************************
;
$PC(054)
;
;
PUBLIC M_CH0,M_CH1,M_CH2,M_CH3,M_MODE
;
;
VEINTM1 CSEG
DW KASAN
;********************************************
RAM definition
;********************************************
AT 24H
;
DSEG
DS
DS
DS
DS
SADDR
; Area for channel 0 addition
; Area for channel 1 addition
; Area for channel 2 addition
; Area for channel 3 addition
; Mode storage area
M_CH0:
M_CH1:
M_CH2:
M_CH3:
M_MODE:
;
1
1
1
1
1
DS
;
CSEG
KASAN:
; Selects bank 2
SEL RB2
; Channel currently selected?
switch(M_MODE)
case 0:
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Channel 0:
Transfers conversion result to RAM
M_CH0=ADCR (A)
M_MODE++
ADM=#10000011B
break
Select channel 1:
Channel 1:
case 1:
Transfers conversion result to RAM
M_CH1=ADCR (A)
M_MODE++
ADM=#10000101B
break
Selects channel 2
Channel 2:
case 2:
Transfers conversion result to RAM
M_CH2=ADCR (A)
M_MODE++
ADM=#10000111B
break
Selects channel 3
Channel 3:
case 3:
Transfers conversion result to RAM
M_CH3=ADCR (A)
M_MODE=#0
ADM=#10000001B
break
Selects channel 0
ends
RETI
END
335
[MEMO]
336
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF D/A CONVERTER
The D/A converter of the 78K/0 series consists of two voltage output type D/A converter channels with an 8-bit
resolution. This D/A can be used in two modes: normal mode and real-time output mode. In the normal mode, the
output trigger is writing data to the D/A conversion value setting registers 0 and 1 (DACS0 and 1). In the real-time
output mode, the output is triggered by the interrupt requests (INTTM1 and 2) of 8-bit timer/event counters 1 and 2.
In this mode, set data to DACS0 and DACS1 after an output trigger has been generated until the next output trigger
is generated.
The D/A converter is set by the D/A converter mode register.
Figure 10-1. Format of D/A Converter Mode Register
Symbol
DAM
7
0
6
0
5
4
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF98H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
DAM5 DAM4
DACE1 DACE0
DACE0 Controls D/A converter channel 0
0
1
Stops D/A conversion operation
Enables D/A conversion operation
DACE1 Controls D/A converter channel 1
0
1
Stops D/A conversion operation
Enables D/A conversion operation
DAM4 Operation mode of D/A converter channel 0
0
1
Normal mode
Real-time output mode
DAM5 Operation mode of D/A converter channel 1
0
1
Normal mode
Real-time output mode
Cautions 1. To use the D/A converter, set the multiplexed port pins in the input mode and disconnect the
pull-up resistor.
2. Be sure to clear bits 2, 3, 6, and 7 to 0.
3. The output goes into a high-impedance state when D/A conversion operation is stopped.
4. The output trigger in the real-time output mode is INTTM1 for channel 0 and INTTM2 for
channel 1.
337
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
10.1 SIN Wave Output
This section introduces an example that outputs a SIN wave with a frequency of 50 Hz by using the real-time output
mode of D/A converter channel 0.
After the output operation has been started, an analog value resulting from the D/A conversion specified by the
D/A conversion value setting register 0 (DACS0) is output, and the next output data is set to DACS0 by interrupt
processing. The value set by the interrupt processing is output at the next timing of 8-bit timer/event counter 1.
Figure 10-2 shows the output data writing timing and analog output timing.
Figure 10-2. Analog Output and Output Data Storage Timing
8-bit timer
interrupt request
Writing
output data
D1
D0
D2
D1
D3
D2
D4
D3
D5
D4
D6
D5
D7
D6
D8
D7
Analog
output
The interval time of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 is set to about 668 µs and a 50-Hz D/A output wave is generated
as shown in Figure 10-3.
The SIN wave output data is stored in ROM. Data are sequentially referenced by the interrupt processing of 8-
bit timer/event counter 1 and written to DACS0.
Table 10-1 shows the voltages for SIN wave output and set values.
Figure 10-3. D/A Output Waveform
[V]
5
4
3
2
1
0
24
48
72
96
120
144
168
192
216
240
264
288
312
336
360
Degree
[degree]
338
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
Table 10-1. Voltage of SIN Wave Output and Preset Value
Degree
0
Voltage (V)
2.5000
3.0200
3.5168
3.9695
4.3579
4.6651
4.8776
4.9863
4.9863
4.8776
4.6651
4.3579
3.9695
3.5168
3.0200
Set Value
80H
Degree
180
192
204
216
228
240
252
264
276
288
300
312
324
336
348
Voltage (V)
2.5000
1.9802
1.4832
1.0305
0.6421
0.3349
0.1224
0.0137
0.0137
0.1224
0.3349
0.6421
1.0305
1.4832
1.9802
Set Value
80H
65H
4CH
35H
21H
11H
06H
01H
01H
06H
11H
21H
35H
4CH
65H
12
9BH
24
B4H
CBH
DFH
EFH
FAH
FFH
36
48
60
72
84
96
FFH
108
120
132
144
156
168
FAH
EFH
DFH
CBH
B4H
9BH
Remark The analog voltage output to the ANO0 pin is determined by the following expression:
AVREF1 × DACS0
ANO0 pin output voltage =
256
Caution The voltage values shown in Table 10-1 is rounded off at the fifth position after the decimal point.
However, the preset value is calculated with the data before rounding off. The resultant data is
rounded off at the first position after the decimal point.
339
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
The output analog value is processed by the SIN wave conversion circuit shown in Figure 10-4 to create a SIN
wave without step.
Figure 10-4. SIN Wave Conversion Circuit
0.012 µF
10 kW
ANO0
Amplifier
1 µF
270 kΩ
SlN wave
Integrating circuit
Lowpass filter
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Data definition reference name
SDATA : First address of SIN wave output data to be stored to DACS0 register
ENDDAT : Last pointer of SIN wave data
• Input/output parameter
C_DATA : ROM data counter
<Register used>
Bank 3; AX, HL, B
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
1
C_DATA
Counter indicating pointer that extracts SIN wave
output data
<Flag used>
None
<Nesting level>
1 level 3 bytes
340
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
<Hardware used>
• D/A converter
• 8-bit timer/event counter 1
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• PM13 = #×××××××1B ; Sets port 13 in input mode
• TCL1 = #××××1001B ; Interval of 8-bit timer/event counter: 668 µs
TMC1 = #000000×0B
CR10 = #174
• DACS0 = #80H
DAM = #00000001B
• SET1 DAM.4
• SET1 TCE1
; Sets D/A converter
; Sets D/A converter in real-time output mode
; Enables operation of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 and enables interrupt
CLR1 TMIF1
CLR1 TMMK1
Caution To prevent output of a value on resetting and starting, once set the normal mode and write
the initial value to the D/A conversion value setting register 0 (DACS0), and then output
the initial value. After that, set the real-time output mode, and enable the operation of
8-bit timer/event counter 1 and interrupt.
If D/A conversion is started in the real-time output mode after reset and start with the initial
value set to the DACS0 register, 0 V (data D0 in Figure 10-2. Analog Output and Output
Data Storage Timing) is output.
<Starting>
When starting output, enable the operation of the D/A converter (by setting bit 4 (DAM4) of the D/A converter
mode register(DAM)), the operation of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 (by setting bit 0 (TCE) of the 8-bit timer
mode control register (TMC1)), and interrupts (by clearing TMIF1 and TMMK1).
341
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
;
F_RIARU
;
C_DATA,SDATA,ENDDAT
EQU DAM.4
; Real-time output port setting flag
.
.
OSMS=#00000001B
TCL1=#00001001B
CR10=#175-1
; Does not use divider circuit
; SIN_DAT; 8-bit timer 1. Count clock: 262 kHz
; 8-bit timer 1. Interval: 668 µs
TMC1=#00000000B
; Disables 8-bit timer 1 operation
;
;
HL=#SDATA
;
B=C_DATA (A)
DACS0=[HL+B] (A)
DAM=#00000001B
PM13=#11111111B
;
;
; Enables D/A conversion operation of channel 0 in normal mode
; Sets P130 in input port mode
EI
.
.
.
.
if_bit(SIN wave output data start);
SET1 F_RIARU
; Sets channel 0 in real-time output mode
C_DATA=#0
; Sets initial value to conversion value setting register
HL=#SDATA
;
B=C_DATA (A)
DACS0=[HL+B] (A)
;
;
SET1
CLR1
CLR1
SET1
TCE1
; Enables 8-bit timer 1 operation
; Clears 8-bit timer 1 request flag
; Enables 8-bit timer 1 interrupt
; Enables D/A operation
;
TMIF1
TMMK1
DACE0
endif
.
.
.
.
(3) SPD chart
INTTM1
Switches register bank 3
Increments ROM counter
Table reference of SIN wave output data to be stored next to
DACS0 register and writes it to DACS0
(if: ROM counter ≥ last pointer)
THEN
Writes initial value 0FFH to ROM counter
342
CHAPTER 10 APPLICATIONS OF A/D CONVERTER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC C_DATA,SDATA,ENDDAT
;
VETIM1 CSEG
DW
AT 24H
INTTM1
ENDDAT
;
SINRAM
C_DATA:
EQU
1DH
SADDR
; SIN wave data 1 cycle end value
; ROM data counter
DSEG
DS
1
;********************************************************
SIN wave data change interrupt processing
;
;********************************************************
SINDAT CSEG
INTTM1:
SEL
RB3
; Sets bank 3
C_DATA++
B=C_DATA (A)
HL=#SDATA
; Increments ROM data counter
; Refers to SIN wave output data
;
DACS0=[HL+B] (A)
if(C_DATA >= #ENDDAT)
C_DATA=#0FFH
endif
; Stores data
; End of 1 cycle of SIN wave?
;
;
;
;
Initializes ROM data counter
RETI
SDATA:
DB
09BH
0B4H
0CBH
0DFH
0EFH
0FAH
0FFH
0FFH
0FAH
0EFH
0DFH
0CBH
0B4H
09BH
080H
065H
04CH
035H
021H
011H
006H
001H
001H
006H
011H
021H
035H
04CH
065H
080H
; SIN wave data
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
END
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
343
[MEMO]
344
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
This chapter describes the real-time output function of the 78K/0 series.
The real-time output function is used to output data set in advance in the real-time output buffer registers (RTBL
and RTBH) to an external device by transferring the data to an output latch by hardware as soon as a timer interrupt
request or external interrupt request occurs.
By using the real-time output port function, a jitter free signal can be output. Therefore, this function is ideal for
controlling a stepping motor. The real-time output port can be set in the port mode or real-time output mode in 1-
bit units.
The real-time output data is written to the real-time output buffer registers (RTBL and RTBH). RTBL and RTBH
are mapped to independent addresses in the SFR area.
When an operation mode of 4 bits × 2 channels is selected, RTBL and RTBH can independently set data.
When an operation mode of 8 bits × 1 channel is specified, data can be set to RTBL or RTBH by writing 8-bit data
to either of RTBL or RTBH.
The real-time output port is set by using the real-time output port mode register (RTPM), real-time output control
register (RTPC), and port mode register 12 (PM12).
345
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
Figure 11-1. Format of Real-Time Output Port Mode Register
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF34H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
RTPM RTPM7 RTPM6 RTPM5 RTPM4 RTPM3 RTPM2 RTPM1 RTPM0
RTPMn Selects real-time output port (n = 0-7)
0
1
Port mode
Real-time output port mode
Cautions 1. When the real-time output port mode is used, the port that performs real-time output must
be set in the output mode (by clearing the corresponding bits of the port mode register 12
(PM12) to 0).
2. Data cannot be set to the output latch of the port set in the real-time output port mode. To
set an initial value, therefore, set data to the output latch before setting the real-time output
port mode.
Figure 11-2. Format of Real-Time Output Port Control Register
Symbol
RTPC
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FF36H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
BYTE EXTR
EXTR Controls real-time output by INTP2
0
1
Does not use INTP2 as real-time output trigger
Uses INTP2 as real-time output trigger
BYTE Operation mode of real-time output port
0
1
4 bits × 2 channels
8 bits × 1 channel
The relationship between operation mode and output trigger of the real-time output port is shown in Table 11-1.
Table 11-1. Operation Mode and Output Trigger of Real-Time Output Port
BYTE
0
EXTR
Output Mode
RTBH → Port Output
INTTM2
RTBL → Port Output
INTTM1
INTP2
0
1
0
1
4 bits × 2 channels
INTTM1
INTTM1
INTP2
1
8 bits × 1 channel
346
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATIONS OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
Figure 11-3. Format of Port Mode Register 12
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FF2CH
At reset
FFH
R/W
R/W
PM12 PM127 PM126 PM125 PM124 PM123 PM122 PM121 PM120
PM12n Selects input/output mode of P12n pin (n = 0-7)
0
1
Output mode (output buffer ON)
Input mode (output buffer OFF)
347
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
11.1 Stepping Motor
A 4-phase stepping motor is connected to the real-time output port (P120 through P123) and is controlled with
1-phase excitation pattern. A motor that rotates 1.8 degree per step is used for 1-phase excitation and is driven 200
revolutions per minute.
The time required for 1 step is calculated by the following expression:
60 seconds
1 step =
= 1.5 ms
360 degrees
1.8 degree
200 revolutions ×
Step
The compare register (CR01) of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 is set to 1.5 ms and the real-time output buffer register
(RTBL) is set.
By using the real-time output port control register (RTPC), set the 4 bit × 2 channel real-time output mode, and
the coincidence interrupt (INTTM1) of the 8-bit timer/event counter 1 as the output trigger (refer to Table 11-1).
Figure 11-4 shows the phase excitation output pattern and output timing.
Figure 11-4. Phase Excitation Output Pattern and Output Timing
1.5 ms
1-phase excitation pattern
INTTM1
Port P123 P122 P121 P120
P120
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
P121
P122
P123
348
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATIONS OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
None
<Register used>
Bank 3, A
<RAM used>
None
<Flag used>
None
<Nesting level>
1 level 3 bytes
<Hardware used>
• Real-time output port
• 8-bit timer/event counter 1
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register: does not use divider circuit
• P12 = #××××0000B
PM12 = #××××0000B
; Sets P120-P123 in output port mode
• TCL1 = #××××1010B ; Timer clock select register 1 (count clock: 131 kHz)
• CR10 = #195 ; Compare register (set to 1.5 ms)
• TMC1 = #000000×1B ; 8-bit timer mode control register 1 (enables operation of 8-bit timer/event counter
1)
• RTPM = ××××1111B
; Real-time output port mode register (lower 4 bits are used as real-time output
port)
• RTPC = #00000000B ; Real-time output port control register (selects 4 bit × 2 channel mode and
INTTM1 as output trigger)
• RTBL = #00000001B ; Initial setting of real-time output buffer register
• CLR1 TMIF1
• CLR1 TMMK1
; Clears 8-bit timer/event counter 1 interrupt request flag
; Enables 8-bit timer/event counter 1
<Starting>
Clear the interrupt request flag of 8-bit timer/event counter 1 and enable the interrupt when the operation
is started.
349
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
(2) Example of use
.
.
.
OSMS=#00000001B
TCL1=#00001010B
CR10=#196-1
; Does not use divider circuit
; MORTER_DAT: 8-bit timer 1. Count clock: 131 kHz
; Sets compare register to 1.5 ms
;
P12=#00000000B
.
.
PM12=#11110000B
.
RTPM=#00001111B
RTPC=#00000000B
RTBL=#00000001B
TMC1=#00000001B
; Sets P120-P123 in output port mode
; Sets low-order 4 bits in output port mode
; Uses INTTM1 as output trigger
;
CLR1
CLR1
EI
TMIF1
TMMK1
; Enables 8-bit timer 1 operation
; Clears 8-bit timer 1 interrupt request flag
; Enables 8-bit timer 1 interrupt
;
.
.
.
(3) SPD chart
INTTM1
Suitches register bank 3
A ← RTBL (loads data currently output)
(if: A < #00001000B)
THEN
Shifts A register 1 bit to left
ELSE
A ← #00000001B (returns to initial value)
RTBL ← A
(4) Program list
VETIM1
CSEG
DW
AT 24H
INTTM1
;**************************************************
Stepping motor data output processing
;**************************************************
;
MOTER
INTTM1:
SEL
CSEG
RB3
; Bank 3
A=RTBL
;
if(A < #8)
A <<= 1
else
; Prepares next output data
;
;
A=#01H
endif
;
;
RTBL=A
RETI
; RTPL ← output data
;
END
350
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
The LCD controller/driver of the µPD78064, 78064Y, 780308, 780308Y, and 78064B subseries is set by using the
LCD display mode register (LCDM) and LCD display control register (LCDC).
351
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-1. Format of LCD Display Mode Register
(µPD78064, 78064Y, 78064B subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
1
0
Address
FFB0H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
LCDM LCDON LCDM6 LCDM5 LCDM4
LCDM2 LCDM1 LCDM0
LCDM2 LCDM1LCDM0
Time division
Bias
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
4
1/3
1/3
1/2
1/2
0
3
0
2
0
3
1
Static
Others
Setting prohibited
Note
LCDM6 LCDM5 LCDM4
Selects LCD clock
At fXX = 5.0 MHz
At fXX = 4.19 MHz
At fXT = 32.768 kHz
9
9
9
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
fW/2 (76 Hz)
fW/2 (64 Hz)
fW/2 (64 Hz)
8
8
8
0
fW/2 (153 Hz)
fW/2 (128 Hz)
fW/2 (128 Hz)
7
7
7
0
fW/2 (305 Hz)
fW/2 (256 Hz)
fW/2 (256 Hz)
6
6
6
0
fW/2 (610 Hz)
fW/2 (512 Hz)
fW/2 (512 Hz)
Others
Setting prohibited
LCDON
Enables/disables LCD display
0
1
Display off (all segment outputs are unselect signal outputs)
Display on
Note The LCD clock is supplied by the watch timer. To perform LCD display, set the bit 1 (TMC21) of watch
timer mode control register (TMC2) to 1.
If TMC21 is reset to 0 during LCD display, supply of the LCD clock is stopped and the display is disturbed.
Remarks 1. fW : watch timer clock frequency (fXX/27 or fXT)
2. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
3. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
4. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
352
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-2. Format of LCD Display Mode Register
(µPD780308, 780308Y subseries)
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address
FFB0H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
LCDM LCDON LCDM6 LCDM5 LCDM4 LCDM3 LCDM2 LCDM1 LCDM0
LCDM2 LCDM1LCDM0
Time division
Bias
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
4
1/3
1/3
1/2
1/2
0
3
0
2
0
3
1
Static
Others
Setting prohibited
Operation mode of
Supply voltage of LCD controller/driver
Static display mode 1/3 bias mode
2.0 to 5.5 V 2.5 to 5.5 V 2.7 to 5.5 V
Note 1
LCDM3
LCD controller/driver
1/2 bias mode
0
1
Normal operation
Low-voltage operation 2.0 to 3.4 V
Note
LCDM6 LCDM5 LCDM4
Selects LCD clock
At fXX = 5.0 MHz
At fXX = 4.19 MHz
At fXT = 32.768 kHz
9
9
9
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
fW/2 (76 Hz)
fW/2 (64 Hz)
fW/2 (64 Hz)
8
8
8
0
fW/2 (153 Hz)
fW/2 (128 Hz)
fW/2 (128 Hz)
7
7
7
0
fW/2 (305 Hz)
fW/2 (256 Hz)
fW/2 (256 Hz)
6
6
6
0
fW/2 (610 Hz)
fW/2 (512 Hz)
fW/2 (512 Hz)
Others
Setting prohibited
LDON
Enables/disables LCD display
0
1
Display off (all segment outputs are unselect signal outputs)
Display on
Notes 1. To lower the power consumption, clear LCDM3 to 0 when LCD display is not used. To manipulate
LCDM3, be sure to turn off the LCD display.
If TMC21 is cleared to 0 during LCD display, the supply of the LCD clock is stopped and the display
is disturbed.
2. The LCD clock is supplied by the watch timer. To perform LCD display, set the bit 1 (TMC21) of watch
timer mode control register (TMC2) to 1.
If TMC21 is reset to 0 during LCD display, supply of the LCD clock is stopped and the display is disturbed.
Remarks 1. fW : watch timer clock frequency (fXX/27 or fXT)
2. fXX : main system clock frequency (fX or fX/2)
3. fX : main system clock oscillation frequency
4. fXT : subsystem clock oscillation frequency
353
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-3. Format of LCD Display Control Register
Symbol
7
6
5
4
3
0
2
0
1
0
Address
FFB2H
At reset
00H
R/W
R/W
LCDC LCDC7 LCDC6 LCDC5 LCDC4
LEPS LIPS
LEPS LIPS Selects LCD drive power supply
0
0
1
0
1
0
Does not supply power for LCD driving
Supplies LCD driving power from VDD
Supplies driving power from BIAS pin (BIAS
and VLC0 pins are internally short-circuited)
1
1
Setting prohibited
LCDC7 LCDC6 LCDC5 LCDC4 Function of P80/S39-P97/
S24 pins
Port pin
P80-P97
P80-P95
P80-P93
P80-P91
P80-P87
P80-P85
P80-P83
P80, P81
None
Segment pin
None
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
S24, S25
S24-S27
S24-S29
S24-S31
S24-S33
S24-S35
S24-S37
S24-S39
Others
Setting prohibited
Cautions 1. Pins that output segments cannot be used as output port pins even if 0 is set to the
corresponding port mode register.
2. When pins that output segments are read as port pins, 0 is returned.
3. Pins set by LCDC to output segments are not used with the internal pull-up resistor,
regardless of the values of the bits 0 and 1 (PUO8 and PUO9) of the pull-up resistor option
register H (PUOH).
354
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
The LCD controller/driver of the µPD78064, 78064Y, 780308, and 780308Y subseries is described next.
(a) Function of LCD controller/driver
The LCD controller/driver has the following functions:
<1> Automatically outputs segment and common signals by automatically reading the display data memory.
<2> Five types of display modes are available:
• Static mode
• 1/2 duty mode (1/2 bias)
• 1/3 duty mode (1/2 bias)
• 1/3 duty mode (1/3 bias)
• 1/4 duty mode (1/3 bias)
<3> Four types of frame frequencies can be selected in each display mode.
<4> Up to 40 segment signal outputs (S0 through S39) and four common signal outputs (COM0 through
COM3) are available. Sixteen segment outputs can be set in the input/output port mode in 2-bit units
(P80/S39 through P87/S32, and P90/S31 through P97/S24).
<5> Divider resistors for generating the LCD drive voltage can be provided to the mask ROM model by mask
option.
<6> Can operate on the subsystem clock.
Table 12-1 shows the maximum number of pixels that can be displayed in each display mode.
Table 12-1. Maximum Number of Pixels for Display
Bias
–
Time Division
Common Signal Used
COM0 (COM0-COM3)
COM0, COM1
Maximum Number of Pixels
Note 1
Static
40 (40 segments × 1 common)
80 (40 segments × 2 common)
Note 2
1/2
2
3
3
4
Note 3
COM0-COM2
120 (40 segments × 3 common)
1/3
COM0-COM2
Note 4
COM0-COM3
160 (40 segments × 4 common)
Notes 1. Can display 5 digits with eight segments for each digit on an 8-segment LCD panel.
2. Can display 10 digits with four segments for each digit on an 8-segment LCD panel.
3. Can display 13 digits with three segments for each digit on an 8-segment LCD panel.
4. Can display 20 digits with two segments for each digit on an 8-segment LCD panel.
355
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(b) Setting of LCD controller/driver
Set the LCD controller/driver as follows. When using the LCD controller/driver, set the watch timer in the
operating status in advance.
<1> Enables the watch operation by using the timer clock select register 2 (TCL2) and watch timer mode
control register (TMC2).
<2> Set the initial value to the display data memory (FA58H through FA7FH).
<3> Specify the pins used for segment output by using the LCD display control register (LCDC).
<4> Set the display mode and LCD clock by using the LCD display mode register.
After that, set data to the display data memory according to the contents to be displayed.
(c) LCD display data memory
The LCD display data memory is mapped to addresses FA58H through FA7FH. The data stored to the LCD
display data memory can be displayed on the LCD panel by using the LCD controller/driver.
Figure 12-4 shows the relations between the contents of LCD display data memory and the segment/common
outputs.
The area not used for display can be used as an ordinary RAM area.
Figure 12-4. Relations between Contents of LCD Display Data Memory and Segment/Common Output
Address
FA7FH
bit 7
bit 6
bit 5
bit 4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
S0
S1
S2
S3
FA7EH
FA7DH
FA7CH
FA5AH
FA59H
FA58H
S37/P82
S38/P81
S39/P80
COM3 COM2 COM1 COM0
Caution The high-order 4 bits of the LCD display data memory are not used as memory bits. Be sure to
clear these bits to 0.
356
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(d) Common and segment signals
Each pixel on an LCD panel lights when the potential difference between the corresponding common and
segment signals reaches to a specific level (LCD drive voltage VLCD).
Because an LCD panel degrades if DC voltages are applied as common and segment signals, it is driven by
AC voltages.
<1> Common signal
The common signal is selected as shown in Table 12-2 according to the set number of time divisions
and repeatedly operates in the cycles shown in the table. In the static mode, the same signal is output
to COM0 through COM3.
In the 2-time division mode, open the COM2 and COM3 pins. Open the COM3 pin in the 3-time division
mode.
Table 12-2. COM Signal
COM Signal
COM0
COM1
COM2
Open
COM3
Number of Time
Divisions
Static
2 time divisions
3 time divisions
4 time divisions
Open
Open
<2> Segment signal
Segment signals correspond to a 40-byte LCD display data memory (FA58H through FA7FH). Bits 0,
1, 2, and 3 of the display data memory are read in synchronization of COM0, COM1, COM2, and COM3,
respectively. If the content of each bit is 1, the corresponding segment signal is converted to a select
voltage and is output to the segment pin (S0 to S39). If the content of a bit is 0, the segment signal is
converted to an unselect voltage. (Note that S24 through S39 are multiplexed with input/output port pins.)
Therefore, confirm what combination of the front panel electrode (corresponding to a segment signal)
and rear panel electrode (corresponding to a common signal) of the LCD panel generates a display
pattern, and write the bit data corresponding to the pattern to be displayed on a one-to-one basis to the
LCD display memory.
In the static mode, bits 1, 2, and 3 of the LCD display data memory are not used for LCD display. In
the 2- and 3-time division modes, bits 2 and 3, and bit 3 are not used for LCD display, respectively. These
bits therefore can be used for any other purposes.
Bits 4 through 7 are fixed to 0.
357
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
<3> Output waveforms of common and segment signals
Only when the voltage levels of specific common and segment signals reach the select levels, ±VLCD (LCD
drive voltage) level is reached and the corresponding pixel on the LCD panel lights. The pixel remains
dark with any other combination of the common and segment signals.
Figure 12-5 shows the waveform of the common signal, and Figure 12-6 shows the phase difference in
voltage between the common and segment signals.
Figure 12-5. Common Signal Waveform
(a) Static display mode
V
LC0
SS
COMn
(static)
VLCD
V
TF = T
(b) 1/2 bias
V
LC0
LC2
COMn
(2-time division)
V
V
V
LCD
SS
TF = 2T
V
V
LC0
LC2
COMn
(3-time division)
V
LCD
V
SS
TF = 3T
(c) 1/3 bias
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
COMn
(3-time division)
LC2
SS
V
V
LCD
V
TF = 3T
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
COMn
(4-time division)
LC2
SS
LCD
V
TF = 4T
Remarks 1. T
: one cycle of LCDCL
2. TF : frame frequency
3. VLCD : LCD drive voltage
358
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-6. Phase Difference in Voltage between Command Signal and Segment Signal
(a) Static display mode
Select Unselect
VLC0
Common signal
Segment signal
V
LCD
LCD
V
SS
VLC0
V
VSS
T
T
(b) 1/2 bias
Select Unselect
V
V
LC0
LC2
V
V
LCD
LCD
Common signal
Segment signal
V
V
SS
LC0
V
V
LC2
SS
T
T
(c) 1/3 bias
Select Unselect
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
V
V
LCD
LCD
Common signal
Segment signal
VLSCS0
LC1
LC2
SS
V
V
V
T
T
Remarks 1. T
: one cycle of LCDCL
2. VLCD : LCD drive voltage
(e) Supplying LCD drive voltage
The mask ROM model can be provided by mask option with a divider resistor that is used to create the LCD
drive voltage (the PROM model is not provided with a divider resistor). By providing the divider resistor, an
LCD drive voltage corresponding to each bias can be created without an external divider resistor.
In addition, an LCD drive voltage can be supplied to the BIAS pin to support various LCD drive voltages.
359
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
12.1 Static Display
This section explains an example using the µPD78064 subseries. A 4-digit static LCD is driven by using the 32
segment signals (S0 through S31) and a common signal (COM0). Figure 12-7 shows the display pattern and electrode
wiring of the static LCD. Figure 12-8 shows the connections among the segment signals and common signal. Figure
12-9 shows an example of connecting an LCD driving power supply in the static display mode (with an external divider
resistor, VDD = 5 V, and VLCD = 5 V). The display example in Figure 12-8 is “1234”, and the contents of the display
data memory (addresses FA60H through FA7FH) correspond to this.
In this section, how to display the second digit, “3”, is described. According to the display pattern in Figure 12-
8, the select and unselect voltages must be output to the S8 through S15 pins in the timing of the common signal
COM0, as shown in Table 12-3.
Table 12-3. Select and Unselect Voltages (COM0)
Segment
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
S13
S14
S15
Common
COM0
Unselect
Select
Select
Select
Unselect
Select
Unselect
Select
From Table 12-3, it is clear that 10101110 must be set to bit 0 of the display data memory (addresses FA70H through
FA77H) corresponding to S8 through S15.
Figure 12-10 shows the LCD driving waveforms of S11, S12, and COM0.
Because the same waveform as COM0 is output to COM1, 2, and 3, the driving capability can be increased by
connecting COM0, 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 12-7. Display Pattern and Electrode Wiring of Static LCD
S8 + 3
n
S8
n
n
+ 4
+ 6
S8
S8
S8
n
n
n
+ 2
+ 5
+ 1
COM0
S8
S8n
S8 + 7
n
Remark n = 0-3
360
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-8. Connection of Static LCD
DATA MEMORY ADDRESS
TIMING STROBE
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
1
×
×
×
0
×
×
×
BIT0
BIT1
BIT2
BIT3
LCD PANEL
Figure 12-9. Example of Connecting LCD Driving Power in Static Display Mode
(with external divider resistor, VDD = 5 V, and VLCD = 5 V)
V
DD
LIPS
BIAS pin
LEPS
(= 0)
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
V
LCD
V
SS
V
LCD =
V
DD
361
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-10. Example of Static LCD Driving Waveform
T
F
V
V
V
V
LC0
COM0
S11
Common signal
Segment signal
SS
LC0
SS
V
LC0
SS
S12
Segment signal
V
+ VLCD
0
LCD lights
COM0–S11
– VLCD
+ VLCD
0
LCD extinguishes
COM0–S12
– VLCD
Remark TF: frame frequency
To display the LCD, segment signals are output based on the waveform of the common signal.
The static LCD is lit by a segment signal (S11) output at a frame frequency half a cycle shifted from that of the
common signal (COM0) as shown in Figure 12-10. This means that a potential difference is generated between the
common signal and segment signal, and this potential difference is responsible for lighting the LCD. As can be seen
from COM0 and S11 in Figure 12-10, a potential difference ±VLCD (LCD drive voltage) is generated between these
signals.
To extinguish the LCD, the segment signal (S12) is output in a waveform synchronous to that of the common signal
(COM0). In this way, the potential difference between COM0 and S12 is eliminated and the LCD remains dark.
362
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Subroutine name
S_LCD : Static display data storage routine
• Input parameter
B_LCD : LCD display content storage buffer area
• Data definition reference name
S0
: LCD display data memory reference address (FA7FH)
<Register used>
Bank 0
: AX, DE, HL
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
SADDR
SADDR
SADDRP
Bytes
B_LCD
LCD display data storage buffer area
Display digit loop counter
1
1
1
2
i
j
Segment setting loop counter
WORKP
Display data storage area address saving area
<Flag used>
None
<Nesting level>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
• LCD controller/driver
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register
• TCL2 = #×××00×××B ; Count clock of watch timer = selects system clock
• TMC2 = #0×××××1×B ; Supplies LCD clock (enables prescaler operation)
• LCDC = #01000010B ; LCD display control register (supplies LCD drive power from BIAS pin with
segment pins S24 through S31 used)
• LCDM = #10100100B ; LCD display mode register (sets static display, selects LCD clock, and turns on
display)
Caution Set the initial value to the LCD display data memory (FA58H through FA7FH) before
turning on the LCD display.
<Starting>
Set the display contents in the B_LCD area and call the S_LCD routine.
363
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN SLCD,B_LCD,S0
.
.
.
HL=#S0
; Clears LCDRAM
BC=#0FA80H-0FA58H
while(BC!=#0) (AX)
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
(from FA58H to FA7FH)
A=#0
[HL]=A
HL--
BC--
endw
;
;
;
B_LCD=#0
;
;
;
;
B_LCD+1=#0
B_LCD+2=#0
B_LCD+3=#0
TCL2=#00000000B
TMC2=#00000010B
LCDC=#01000010B
LCDM=#10100100B
; Count clock of watch timer = selects main system clock
; Enables operation of prescaler
; Supplies LCD drive power from BIAS pin with segments S24 through 31 used
; Turns ON static display with 256-Hz clock selected
.
.
B_LCD+3=A
;
;
;
.
.
B_LCD+2=A
.
.
B_LCD+1=A
.
.
B_LCD=A
;
;
CALL
!S_LCD
.
.
(3) SPD chart
S_LCD
Stores address S0 (RAM address of first digit of LCD) to HL register
Stores B_LCD address (buffer area of first digit of LCD) – 1 to WORKP area
(for: i = #0; i < #4; i + +)
Increments WORKP area (display area address of next digit)
Saves display data to A register by table reference
(for: j = #0; j < #8; j + +)
Shifts A register 1 bit to right and transfers bit 0 to CY
Transfers CY to bit 0 of [HL]
Decrements HL register (next segment address of LCD)
364
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC S_LCD,B_LCD,S0
;
S0
EQU
0FA7FH
; 1st digit of LCD
;
LCDRAM1
B_LCD:
i:
DSEG
DS
DS
SADDR
4
1
1
; Display BUF area
; Work counter
; Work counter
j:
DS
LCDRAM2
WORKP:
DSEG
DS
SADDRP
2
; Work area
;******************************************************
LCD display (static display) processing
;******************************************************
;
LSDS
CSEG
S_LCD:
HL=#S0
; HL ← address S0
WORKP=#B_LCD-1
for(i=#0;i<#4;i++)
DE=WORKP (AX)
DE++
; Work area ← address of B_LCD - 1
;
;
; References display data of contents of next digit
WORKP=DE (AX)
X=[DE] (A)
A=#0
;
;
;
AX+=#LCDDAT
DE=AX
;
;
A=[DE]
;
for(j=#0;j<#8;j++)
;
RORC
A,1
; Stores display data to bit 0 from address S0
[HL].0=CY
HL--
;
;
;
;
;
next
next
RET
LCDDAT:
DB 11011110B
DB 00000110B
DB 11101100B
DB 10101110B
DB 00110110B
DB 10111010B
DB 11111010B
DB 00011110B
DB 11111110B
DB 10111110B
DB 01111110B
DB 11110010B
DB 11011000B
DB 11100110B
DB 11111000B
DB 01111000B
DB 00000000B
END
; 0
; 1
; 2
; 3
; 4
; 5
; 6
; 7
; 8
; 9
; A
; B
; C
; D
; E
; F
; Extinguishes
365
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
12.2 4-Time Division Display
This section explains an example using the µPD78064 subseries. Four LCD digits are driven by means of 1/3
bias and 4-time division by using the 16 segment signals (S0 through S15) and four common signals (COM0 through
COM3). Figure 12-12 shows the connection of a 4-time division 4-digit LCD panel with 10 display patterns shown
in Figure 12-11 and the segment (S0 through S15) and common (COM0 through COM4) signals of the µPD78064
subseries. Figure 12-13 shows an example of connecting an LCD drive power supply in the 4-time division display
mode (with external divider resistor, VDD = 5 V, and VLCD = 5 V). The display example in Figure 12-12 is “12345678”,
and the contents of the display data memory (addresses FA70H through FA7FH) correspond to this.
In this case, “6” at the third digit has been taken as an example. According to the display pattern in Figure 12-
12, the select and unselect voltages shown in Table 12-4 must be output to the S4 and S5 pins in the timing of the
common signals COM0 through COM3.
Table 12-4. Select and Unselect Voltages (COM0, 1, 2, 3)
Segment
S4
S5
Common
COM0
COM1
COM2
COM3
Select (a)
Select (e)
Select (f)
Select (g)
Select (h)
Unselect (b)
Select (c)
Unselect (d)
Remark (a) through (h) in the table corresponds to the segments a through h in Figure 12-12.
Table 12-4 indicates that 0101 should be stored to the display data memory address (FA7BH) corresponding to
S4.
Figure 12-14 shows the LCD drive waveforms between S4 and COM0 and COM1 signals.
Figure 12-11. Display Pattern of 4-Time Division LCD and Electrode Wiring
S2n
COM0
COM2
COM1
COM3
S2n + 1
Remark n = 0-7
366
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-12. Connections of 4-Time Division LCD Panel
DATA MEMORY ADDRESS
TIMING STROBE
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
BIT0
BIT1
BIT2
BIT3
a
b
c
f
e
g
h
d
LCD PANEL
Figure 12-13. Example of Connecting LCD Drive Power in 4-Time Division Mode
(with external divider resistor, VDD = 5 V, VLCD = 5 V)
V
DD
LIPS
BIAS pin
LEPS
(= 0)
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
R
R
R
V
LCD
V
SS
V
LCD = VDD
367
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Figure 12-14. Example of 4-Time Division LCD Driving Waveform
T
F
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
SS
COM0
COM1
COM2
COM3
S4
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
SS
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
SS
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
SS
V
V
V
V
LC0
LC1
LC2
SS
Select
Unselect
Select
Unselect
+ VLC0
+ 1/3VLCD
0
COM0–S4
– 1/3VLCD
– VLCD
+ VLC0
+ 1/3VLCD
0
COM1–S4
– 1/3VLCD
+ VLCD
Remarks 1. TF: frame frequency
2. The valid waveform of each common signal is enclosed in dotted line.
368
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
For 4-time division LCD display, the valid timing (enclosed in dotted line in Figure 12-14) of each common signal
is output in a cycle 1/4 of the frame frequency (TF) as shown in Figure 12-14. In this timing,each segment signal is
output to light or extinguish the LCD.
For example, segment signal S4 outputs a waveform that lights the LCD in the timing of COM0 and COM2, in respect
to each common signal (COM0 through COM3) in Figure 12-14.
When the relations between each common signal and S4 is examined, it can be seen that a potential difference
of ±VLCD (LCD drive voltage) is generated at the COM0 select timing between COM0 and S4, as can be seen from
the waveform of COM0-S4. In the case of COM2 and S4, a voltage difference of ±VLCD (LCD drive voltage) is also
generated between COM2 and S4 at the COM2 select timing. Therefore, the segment indicated by COM0, COM2
and S4 lights.
Because a voltage difference between COM1 and S4 is always ±1/3 VLCD (COM1-S4 in Figure 12-14) at the select
timing of COM1 (COM1 in Figure 12-14), the LCD remains dark.
369
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
• Subroutine name
S_4LCD: 4-time division display data storage routine
• Input parameter
B_LCD : LCD display content storage buffer area
• Data definition reference name
S0
: LCD display data memory reference address (FA7FH)
<Register used>
Bank 0; AX, DE, HL
<RAM used>
Name
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
SADDR
SADDRP
Bytes
B_LCD
i
LCD display data storage buffer area
Display digit loop counter
1
1
2
WORKP
Display data storage area address saving area
<Flag used>
None
<Nesting level>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
• LCD controller/driver
<Initial setting>
• OSMS = #00000001B ; Oscillation mode select register
• TCL2 = #×××00×××B ; Count clock of watch timer = selects system clock
• TMC2 = #0×××××1×B ; Supplies LCD clock (enables operation of prescaler)
• LCDC = #00000001B ; LCD display control register (LCD driving power is supplied from VDD with
segment signal pins S24 through S31 not used)
• LCDM = #10100000B ; LCD display mode register (sets 4-time division display, selects LCD clock, turns
ON display)
Caution Set the initial value to the LCD display data memory (FA58H through FA7FH) before
turning ON the LCD.
<Starting>
Set the display contents to the B_LCD area and call the S_4LCD routine.
370
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(2) Example of use
EXTRN S_4LCD,B_LCD,S0
.
.
.
HL=#S0
; Clears LCDRAM
BC=#0FA80H-0FA58H
while(BC!=#0) (AX)
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
(from FA58H to FA7FH)
A=#0
[HL]=A
HL--
BC--
endw
;
;
;
B_LCD=#0
;
;
;
;
B_LCD+1=#0
B_LCD+2=#0
B_LCD+3=#0
TCL2=#00000000B
TMC2=#00000010B
LCDC=#00000001B
LCDM=#10100000B
; Count clock of watch timer = selects main system clock
; Enables prescaler operation
; Supplies driving power from VDD with segments S24 through S31 not used
; Turns on 4-time division display with 256-Hz clock selected, turns ON display
.
.
B_LCD+3=A
;
;
;
.
.
B_LCD+2=A
.
.
B_LCD+1=A
.
.
B_LCD=A
;
;
CALL
!S_4LCD
.
.
(3) SPD chart
S_4LCD
Stores address S0 (RAM address of first digit of LCD) to HL register
Stores address B_LCD (buffer area of first digit of LCD) – 1 to WORKP area
(for: i = #0; i < #8; i + +)
Increments WORKP area (display area address of next digit)
Stores display data to A register by table reference
Rotates address [HL] 1 digit to left
(transfers low-order 4 bits of A register to low-order 4 bits of address [HL])
Shifts A register 4 bits to right
Decrements HL register
(LCD RAM area corresponding to odd segments of one digit of LCD)
Rotates address [HL] 1 digit to left
Decrements HL register
(LCD RAM area corresponds to even segment of 1 digit of LCD)
371
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATIONS OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
(4) Program list
PUBLIC S_4LCD,B_LCD,S0
; 1st digit of LCD
S0
EQU
0FA7FH
SADDR
8
1
LCD4RAM1
B_LCD:
i:
DSEG
DS
DS
; Display BUF area
; Work counter
LCD4RAM2
WO4RKP:
DSEG
DS
SADDRP
2
; Work area
;***************************************************************
LCD display (4-time division display) processing
;***************************************************************
;
LSD4
CSEG
S_4LCD:
; HL ← address S0
HL=#S0
;
;
WORKP=#B_LCD-1
for(i=#0;i<#8;i++)
DE=WORKP (AX)
DE++
;
; References display data of contents of next digit
;
;
;
;
;
;
WORKP=DE (AX)
X=[DE] (A)
A=#0
AX+=#LCDDAT
DE=AX
A=[DE]
;
;
;
;
;
[HL] ← low-order 4 bits of A register
ROL4
[HL]
Shifts high-order 4 bits of A register to lower 4 bits
A >>= 1
A >>= 1
A >>= 1
A >>= 1
HL--
; HL– –
; [HL] ← low-order 4 bits of A register
ROL4
[HL]
; HL– –
HL--
;
;
next
RET
LCDDAT:
; 0
; 1
DB 11010111B
DB 00000110B
DB 11100011B
DB 10100111B
DB 00110110B
DB 10110101B
DB 11110101B
DB 00010111B
DB 11110111B
DB 10110111B
DB 01110111B
DB 11110100B
DB 11010001B
DB 11100110B
DB 11110001B
DB 01110001B
DB 00000000B
END
; 2
; 3
; 4
; 5
; 6
; 7
; 8
; 9
; A
; B
; C
; D
; E
; F
; Extinguishes
372
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT
This chapter introduces an example of a program that inputs signals from a key matrix of 4 × 8 keys. The key
scan be pressed successively, and two or more keys can be pressed simultaneously. In the circuit shown in this
section, the high-order 4 bits of port 3 (P34 through P37) are used as key scan signals, and port 4Note is used as
key return signals. As the pull-up resistor of port 4 for key return, the internal pull-up resistor set by software is used
(refer to Figure 13-1).
Port 4 of the 78K/0 series has a function to detect the falling edges of the eight port pins in parallel. If port 4 is
used for key return signals, therefore, the standby mode can be released through detection of a falling edge, i.e.,
by key input.
In this example, the µPD78054 subseries is used.
Note With the µPD78064, 78064Y, 780308, 780308Y, and 78064B subseries, port 11 is used instead of port 4.
Figure 13-1. Key Matrix Circuit
µ
PD78054
P34
P35
P36
P37
P40
P41
P42
P43
P44
P45
P46
P47
Pull-up
resistors
connected
=
The input keys are stored to RAM on a one key-to-1 bit basis. The RAM bit corresponding to a pressed key is
set and the bit corresponding to a released key is cleared. By testing the RAM data on a 1-bit-by-1-bit basis starting
from the first bit, the key status can be checked. To absorb chattering, the key is assumed to be valid when four
successive key codes coincide with a given code. For example, if a key code is sampled every 5 ms, chattering of
15 ms to 20 ms can be absorbed. If the key input is changed, a key change flag (KEYCHG) is set.
373
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT
(1) Description of package
<Public declaration symbol>
KEYIN
: Key input subroutine name
KEYDATA : Key data storage area
CHATCT : Chattering counter
KEYCHG : Key change test flag
<Register used>
AX, DE, HL
<RAM used>
Name
KEYDATA
WORK
Usage
Attribute
SADDR
Bytes
4
Stores valid key data
Stores key data during chattering
Chattering counter
CHATCT
WORKCT
1
Loop processing work counter
<Flag used>
Name
CHGFG
KEYCHG
CHTEND
Usage
Set if key input changes
Set if valid key changes
Confirms end of chattering
<Nesting>
1 level 2 bytes
<Hardware used>
• P4
• P3 (P34-P37)
<Initial setting>
• PUO4 = 1
; Connects pull-up resistor to P4
• PM3 = #0000××××B ; Sets high-order 4 bits of P3 in output mode
<Starting>
• Call KEYIN at specific intervals.
• Before inputting the key data, test the key change flag. The key change flag is not cleared by the subroutine.
Clear the flag after it has been tested.
374
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT
(2) Example of use
EXTRN
KEYDATA,CHATCT,KEYIN
EXTBIT KEYCHG
VETM3
CSEG
DW
AT 1EH
INTTM3
; Sets vector address of watch timer
MAINDAT DSEG
CT5MS: DS
SADDR
1
.
.
.
.
TMC2=#00100110B
CLR1
TMMK3
CT5MS=#3
PM3=#00000000B
SET1 PUO.4
; Sets P3 in output mode
; Pulls P4 up
CHATCT=#3
; Initial setting of chattering counter
.
.
.
.
if_bit(KEYCHG)
; Key changed?
CLR1
KEYCHG
; Key input processing
endif
.
.
.
.
;**********************************************
;
;
Watch timer interrupt processing
Interval time: 1.95 ms
;**********************************************
INTTM3:
; 1.95 ms interrupt
.
.
.
.
DBNZ
MOV
CT5MS,$RTNTM3
CT5MS,#3
; 1.95 ms × 3 elapses
CALL
!ANKEYIN
RTNTM3:
.
.
.
.
RETI
375
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT
(3) SPD chart
KEYIN
Outputs key scan signal to P34-P37
UNTIL: key scan signal output ends
Key return signal input from P4
IF: key input changes
THEN
Sets status in which key input changes
CHTFG
Shifts key scan signal 1 bit
IF: no key input change
THEN
IF: chattering being absorbed
THEN
IF: chattering ends
THEN
IF: valid key changes
THEN
Sets key change status
Sets KEYCHG
Updates key data
ELSE
Sets chattering absorption start status
Clears CHTEND
376
CHAPTER 13 APPLICATIONS OF KEY INPUT
(4) Program list
PUBLIC KEYDATA,KEYCHG,KEYIN,CHATCT
KEY_DAT DSEG
KEYDATA:DS
SADDR
4
4
1
1
; Key data storage area
; Chattering key data
; Chattering counter
WORK:
DS
CHATCT: DS
WORKCT: DS
KEY_FLG BSEG
CHGFG
DBIT
; Key change status
KEYCHG DBIT
CHTEND DBIT
; Key changed
; Chattering absorption end status
KEY_SEG CSEG
;*******************************
Matrix key input
*
;*******************************
KEYIN:
CLR1
CHGFG
P3&=#00001111B
P3|=#00010000B
HL=#WORK
; Sets address of key work area
repeat
A=P4
A^=#11111111B
if(A!=[HL])
; Data inverted
; Key changed?
SET1
CHGFG
[HL]=A
endif
HL++
A=P3
; Shifts key scan 1 bit
A&=#11110000B
X=A
A=P3
A+=X
P3=A
until_bit(CY)
if_bit(!CHGFG)
if_bit(!CHTEND)
; Key changed
; Chattering absorbed
; Chattering ends
CHATCT--
if(CHATCT==#0)
SET1
CHTEND
DE=#WORK
HL=#KEYDATA
for(WORKCT=#0;WORKCT<#4;WORKCT++)
if([DE]!=[HL]) (A)
; Key changed
SET1
endif
KEYCHG
A<->[HL]
HL++
; Transfers WORK to KEYDATA
DE++
next
endif
endif
else
CHATCT=#3
CLR1 CHTEND
endif
RET
377
[MEMO]
378
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
SPD stands for Structured Programming Diagrams.
Structuring means structuring the logical processing of a program, and designing and formulating the logic by using
the basic structure of the logic elements.
All programs can be created by only combining the basic structure of logic elements, (sequentially, selectively,
or repeatedly). (This is called a structured theorem). Through structuring, the flow of a program is clarified, and the
reliability is improved. Although various methods are available for expressing the structuring of a program, NEC
employs a diagram technique called SPD.
The following table describes the SPD symbols used for the SPD technique and compares them with flowchart
symbols.
Table A-1. Comparison between SPD Symbols and Flowchart Symbol (1/2)
Processing Name
SPD Symbol
Flowchart Symbol
Sequential processing
Processing 1
Processing 2
Processing 1
Processing 2
Conditional branch
(IF)
(IF: condition)
[THEN]
ELSE
Condition
THEN
Processing 1
Processing 1
[ELSE]
Processing 2
Processing 2
Conditional branch
(SWITCH)
(SWITCH: condition)
[CASE: 1]
Processing 1
[CASE: 2]
Condition
Processing 2
.
.
.
Processing 1
Processing 2
Processing n
[CASE: n]
Processing n
379
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
Table A-1. Comparison between SPD Symbols and Flowchart Symbol (2/2)
Processing Name
SPD Symbol
Flowchart Symbol
Conditional loop
(WHILE)
ELSE
Condition
THEN
(WHILE: condition)
Processing
Processing
Conditional loop
(UNTIL)
Processing
(UNTIL: condition)
Processing
ELSE
Condition
THEN
Conditional loop
(FOR)
Initial value
Condition
ELSE
(FOR: initial value; condition;
increment/decrement specification)
THEN
Processing
Processing
Increment/
decrement
Infinite loop
(WHILE: forever)
Processing
Processing
Connector
(IF: condition)
[THEN]
ELSE
Condition
THEN
A
GOTO A
A
Processing
A
Processing
380
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
1. Sequential processing
Sequential processing executes processing from top to bottom in the sequence in which processing appears.
• SPD chart
Processing 1
Processing 2
2. Conditional branch: 2 branch (IF)
Processing contents are selected according to the condition specified by IF is true or false (THEN/ELSE).
• SPD chart
(IF: condition)
[THEN]
Processing 1
[ELSE]
Processing 2
Example 1. Identification of positive or negative of X
(IF: X > 0)
[THEN]
X is positive number
[ELSE]
X is 0 or negative number
2. STOP if signal is red
(IF: signal = red)
[THEN]
STOP
381
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
3. Conditional branch: multiple branch (SWITCH)
The condition specified by SWITCH is compared with the status indicated by CASE to select the processing. The
processing of the SWITCH statement may be executed only when the given values coincide, or continued downward
starting from when the given values coincide (if the processing is not continued downward, ‘break’ is described). If
there is no coincide status, ‘default’ processing is executed (description of ‘default’ is arbitrary).
(1) Execution only on coincidence
• SPD chart
(execution)
(SWITCH: condition)
[CASE: status 1]
Processing 1
break
When status 1: processing 1
[CASE: status 2]
Processing 2
break
When status 2: processing 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
[CASE: status n]
Processing n
When status n: processing n
[default]
Processing 0
If status does not coincide: processing 0
Example Displays name of month by input characters
(SWITCH: input character)
[CASE: '1']
Displays Jan
break
[CASE: '2']
Displays Feb
break
.
.
.
.
.
.
[default]
Displays ERROR
382
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
(2) If processing continues from coincidence status
• SPD chart
(execution)
(SWITCH: condition)
[CASE: Status 1]
Processing 1
[CASE: Status 2]
...
When status 1: processing 1 → processing 2 → → processing n
...
When status 2: processing 2 → → processing n
Processing 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
[CASE: Status n]
Processing n
When status n: processing n
[default]
Processing 0
If status does not coincide: processing 0
Example Transmission/reception of serial interface
(execution)
(SWITCH: transfer mode)
[CASE: 1]
Address transmission
[CASE: 2]
When status 1: address transmission → data transmission
Data transmission
break
When status 2: data transmission
[CASE: 3]
Data reception
When status 3: data reception
4. Conditional Loop (WHILE)
The condition indicated by WHILE is judged. If the condition is satisfied, processing is repeatedly executed (if
the condition is not satisfied from the start, the processing is not executed).
• SPD chart
(WHILE: condition)
Processing
Example Buffers key until RETURN key is input
(WHILE: not RETURN key)
Inputs 1 character key
Stores input key to buffer
383
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
5. Conditional Loop (UNTIL)
The condition indicated by UNTIL is judged after processing has been executed, and the processing is repeatedly
executed until a given condition is satisfied (even if the condition is not satisfied from the start, the processing is
executed once).
• SPD chart
(UNTIL: condition)
Processing
Example Multiplies value of B register by 10 and stores result to A register
Initializes A register
Sets value to B register
Stores 10 to counter
(UNTIL: counter = 0)
A = A + B
Decrements counter
6. Conditional Loop (FOR)
While the condition of the parameter indicated by FOR is satisfied, processing is repeatedly executed.
• SPD chart
(FOR: initial value; condition; increment/decrement specification)
Processing
Example Clears 256 bytes to 0 starting from address HL
Sets first address to HL register
(FOR: WORKCT = #0; WORKCT < #256; WORKCT + +)
Clears address HL to 0
Increments HL register
384
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
7. Infinite Loop
If ‘forever’ is set as the condition of WHILE, processing is infinitely executed.
• SPD chart
(WHILE: forever)
Processing
Example To execute main processing repeatedly
(WHILE: forever)
Decodes key
Main processing
Stores key code to display area
8. Connector (GOTO)
Unconditionally branches to a specified address.
• SPD chart
(1) To branch to same module
(IF: condition)
[THEN]
GOTO ERR
.
.
.
ERR
Processing
385
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SPD CHART
(2) To branch to different module
(IF: condition)
[THEN]
GOTO ERR
(SUB_ER) ; Module name
SUB_ER
Processing
.
.
.
ERR
Processing
Example To select a parameter at the start address of a subroutine and set wait state
WAIT10
WAIT20
WAIT30
WAIT
Sets 10 to A register
GOTO WAIT
Sets 20 to A register
GOTO WAIT
Sets 30 to A register
(UNTIL: A = 0)
Decrements A
9. Connector (continuation)
Used when the SPD of one module requires two or more pages to indicate the flow of processing.
• SPD chart
Processing 1
1
Processing 2
Processing 3
1
Processing 4
386
APPENDIX B REVISION HISTORY
The revision history of this document is as follows. “Chapter” indicates the chapter number in the preceding edition.
(1/2)
Edition
2nd edition
Major Revision from Preceding Edition
Chapter
Addition of following products as target products:
µPD780018, 780018Y, 780058, 780058Y, 780308, 780308Y,
78058F, 78058FY, 78064B, 78075B, 78075BY, 78098B
subseries, µPD78070A, 78070AY
Throughout
µPD78052(A), 78053(A), 78054(A)
µPD78062(A), 78063(A), 78064(A)
µPD78081(A), 78082(A), 78P083(A), 78081(A2)
µPD78058F(A), 78058FY(A)
µPD78064B(A)
Deletion of following products as target products:
µPD78P054Y, 78P064Y, 78074, 78075, 78074Y, 78075Y
Addition of Note 2 and Caution 2 to Figure 4-5 Format of
Watchdog Timer Mode Register
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATION OF
WATCHDOG TIMER
Addition of Caution to Figure 5-8 Format of External Interrupt
Mode Register 0
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATION OF
16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
Addition of Table 8-2 Items Supported by Each Subseries
Addition of Table 8-3 Registers of Serial Interface
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATION OF
SERIAL INTERFACE
Addition of note on using wake-up function and note on
changing operation mode to Figures 8-7 and 8-8 Format of
Serial Operating Mode Register 0
Addition of Caution to Figures 8-16 and 8-17 Format of
Automatic Data Transmission/Reception Interval Specification
Register
Addition of Figures 8-23 and 8-24 Format of Serial Interface Pin
Select Register
µPD6252 as maintenance product in 8.1 Interface with
TM
EEPROM
(µPD6252)
2
Addition of (5) Limitations when using I C bus mode to 8.1.2
2
Communication in I C bus mode
Addition of (f) Limitations when using UART mode to 8.5
Interface in Asynchronous Serial Interface (UART) Mode
387
APPENDIX B REVISION HISTORY
(2/2)
Edition
2nd edition
Major Revision from Preceding Edition
Chapter
Description of following register formats and tables for each
subseries:
CHAPTER 8 APPLICATION OF
SERIAL INTERFACE
Figures 8-14 and 8-15 Format of Automatic Data Transfer/
Reception Control Register
Tables 8-4, 8-5, and 8-6 Setting of Operating Modes of Serial
Interface Channel 2
Figures 12-1 and 12-2 Format of LCD Display Mode Register
CHAPTER 11 APPLICATION OF
REAL-TIME OUTPUT PORT
Addition of Figure 11-3 Format of Port Mode Register 12
CHAPTER 12 APPLICATION OF
LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
Description of following register formats for each subseries:
Figures 12-1 and 12-2 Format of LCD Display Mode Register
388
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Hong Kong, Philippines, Oceania
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Fax: +852-2886-9022/9044
Asian Nations except Philippines
NEC Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd.
Fax: +65-250-3583
NEC Electronics Inc.
Corporate Communications Dept.
Fax: 1-800-729-9288
1-408-588-6130
Korea
Japan
NEC Corporation
Semiconductor Solution Engineering Division
Technical Information Support Dept.
Fax: 044-548-7900
Europe
NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.
Seoul Branch
Fax: 02-528-4411
NEC Electronics (Europe) GmbH
Technical Documentation Dept.
Fax: +49-211-6503-274
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Taiwan
NEC do Brasil S.A.
Fax: +55-11-889-1689
NEC Electronics Taiwan Ltd.
Fax: 02-719-5951
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