RFM70-D [HOPERF]
Low Power High Performance 2.4 GHz GFSK Transceiver Module; 低功耗高性能的2.4GHz GFSK收发器模块
| 型号： | RFM70-D |
| 厂家： | 
HOPERF |
| 描述： | Low Power High Performance 2.4 GHz GFSK Transceiver Module |
| 文件： | 总26页 (文件大小：755K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
RFM70 V1.0
Low Power High Performance 2.4 GHz GFSK Transceiver Module
Features
2400-2483.5 MHz ISM band operation
Support 1 and 2 Mbps air data rate
Programmable output power
(-40dBm to 5dBm)
Low power consumption
Variable payload length from 1 to 32bytes
Automatic packet processing
6 data pipes for 1:6 star networks
1.9V to 3.6V power supply
4-pin SPI interface with maximum 8 MHz
clock rate
DIP-8pin and SMD-8pin Package
Applications
Wireless PC peripherals
Wireless mice and keyboards
Wireless gamepads
Wireless audio
VOIP and wireless headsets
Remote controls
Consumer electronics
Home automation
Toys
Personal health and entertainment
Block Diagram
1
RFM70 V1.0
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
General Description.................................................................................................................
3
4
5
6
Abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................
Pin Information .......................................................................................................................
State Control ...........................................................................................................................
4.1 State Control Diagram............................................................................................................... 6
4.2 Power Down Mode.................................................................................................................... 7
4.3 Standby-I Mode......................................................................................................................... 7
4.4 Standby-II Mode........................................................................................................................ 7
4.5 TX Mode ................................................................................................................................... 7
4.6 RX Mode................................................................................................................................... 8
5
Packet Processing .................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 Packet Format............................................................................................................................ 8
5.1.1 Preamble........................................................................................................................... 9
5.1.2 Address............................................................................................................................. 9
5.1.3 Packet Control.................................................................................................................. 9
5.1.4 Payload........................................................................................................................... 10
5.1.5 CRC................................................................................................................................ 10
5.2 Packet Handling ...................................................................................................................... 10
Data and Control Interface .................................................................................................... 11
6.1 TX/RX FIFO ........................................................................................................................... 11
6.2 Interrupt................................................................................................................................... 11
6.3 SPI Interface............................................................................................................................ 12
6.3.1 SPI Command ................................................................................................................ 12
6.3.2 SPI Timing ..................................................................................................................... 13
Register Map ......................................................................................................................... 15
7.1 Register Bank 0 ....................................................................................................................... 15
7.2 Register Bank 1 ....................................................................................................................... 20
Electrical Specifications ......................................................................................................... 21
Typical Application Schematic............................................................................................... 22
6
7
8
9
10 Package Information.............................................................................................................. 23
11 Order Information................................................................................................................. 25
12 Contact Information .............................................................................................................. 26
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2
RFM70 V1.0
1 General Description
RFM70 is
a
GFSK transceiver module
resolution of the RF channel frequency is
1MHz.
operating in the world wide ISM frequency
band at 2400 - 2483.5 MHz. Burst mode
transmission and up to 2Mbps air data rate
make them suitable for applications requiring
ultra low power consumption.The embedded
packet processing engines enable their full
operation with a very simple MCU as a radio
A transmitter and
a receiver must be
programmed with the same RF channel
frequency to be able to communicate with
each other.
system.Auto
acknowledge give reliable link without any
MCU interference.
re-transmission
and
auto
The output power of RFM70 is set by the
RF_PWR bits in the RF_SETUP register.
Demodulation is done with embedded data
slicer and bit recovery logic. The air data rate
can be programmed to 1Mbps or 2Mbps by
RF_DR register. A transmitter and a receiver
must be programmed with the same setting.
RFM70 operates in TDD mode, either as a
transmitter or as a receiver.
The RF channel frequency determines the
center of the channel used by RFM70. The
frequency is set by the RF_CH register in
register bank 0 according to the following
formula: F0= 2400 + RF_CH (MHz). The
In the following chapters, all registers are in
register bank 0 except with explicit claim.
Figure 1 RFM70 Chip Block Diagram
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3
RFM70 V1.0
2 Abbreviations
ACK
ARC
ARD
CD
Acknowledgement
Auto Retransmission Count
Auto Retransmission Delay
Carrier Detection
Chip Enable
CE
CRC
CSN
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Chip Select Not
DPL
Dynamic Payload Length
First-In-First-Out
Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
Gigahertz
FIFO
GFSK
GHz
LNA
IRQ
ISM
Low Noise Amplifier
Interrupt Request
Industrial-Scientific-Medical
Least Significant Bit
Maximum Retransmit
Megabit per second
Microcontroller Unit
Megahertz
Master In Slave Out
Master Out Slave In
Most Significant Bit
Power Amplifier
LSB
MAX_RT
Mbps
MCU
MHz
MISO
MOSI
MSB
PA
PID
PLD
Packet Identity Bits
Payload
PRX
Primary RX
PTX
Primary TX
PWD_DWN
PWD_UP
RF_CH
RSSI
RX
Power Down
Power Up
Radio Frequency Channel
Received Signal Strength Indicator
Receive
RX_DR
SCK
Receive Data Ready
SPI Clock
SPI
TDD
TX
Serial Peripheral Interface
Time Division Duplex
Transmit
TX_DS
Transmit Data Sent
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4
RFM70 V1.0
3 Pin Information
Figure 2 RFM70 pin assignments (top view)
Name
Pin Function
Description
GND
Ground
Ground (0 V)
VDD
CE
Power
Power Supply (1.9 V to 3.6 V DC)
Digital Input
Digital Input
Digital Input
Digital Input
Digital Output
Digital Output
Chip Enable Activates RX or TX mode
SPI Chip Select, Active low
SPI Clock
CSN
SCK
MOSI
MISO
IRQ
SPI Slave Data Input
SPI Slave Data Output with tri-state option
Maskable interrupt pin, Active low
Table 1 RFM70 pin functions
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5
RFM70 V1.0
4 State Control
4.1 State Control Diagram
Pin signal: VDD, CE
RFM70 has built-in state machines that
control the state transition between different
modes.
SPI register: PWR_UP, PRIM_RX,
EN_AA, NO_ACK, ARC, ARD
System information: Time out, ACK
received, ARD elapsed, ARC_CNT, TX
FIFO empty, ACK packet transmitted,
Packet received
When auto acknowledge feature is disabled,
state transition will be fully controlled by
MCU.
VDD>=1.9
V
Power Down
PWR_UP=1
PWR_UP=0
Standby-I
CE=1
ARD elapsed and ARC_CNT<ARC
Time out or ACK received
CE=0
CE=0
TX FIFO empty
TX
RX
TX FIFO
Data Ready
Standby-II
EN_AA=1
NO_ACK=0
Figure 3 PTX (PRIM_RX=0) state control diagram
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6
RFM70 V1.0
VDD>=1.9
V
Power Down
PWR_UP=1
PWR_UP=0
Standby-I
CE=1
CE=0
CE=0
ACK packet transmitted
RX
TX
Packet received
EN_AA=1
NO_ACK=0
Figure 4 PRX (PRIM_RX=1) state control diagram
4.2 Power Down Mode
4.4 Standby-II Mode
In power down mode RFM70 is in sleep
mode with minimal current consumption. SPI
interface is still active in this mode, and all
register values are available by SPI. Power
down mode is entered by setting the PWR_UP
bit in the CONFIG register to low.
In standby-II mode more clock buffers are
active than in standby-I mode and much more
current is used. Standby-II occurs when CE is
held high on a PTX device with empty TX
FIFO. If a new packet is uploaded to the TX
FIFO in this mode, the device will
automatically enter TX mode and the packet is
transmitted.
4.3 Standby-I Mode
4.5 TX Mode
By setting the PWR_UP bit in the CONFIG
register to 1 and de-asserting CE to 0, the
device enters standby-I mode. Standby-I mode
is used to minimize average current
consumption while maintaining short start-up
time. In this mode, part of the crystal oscillator
is active. This is also the mode which the
RFM70 returns to from TX or RX mode when
CE is set low.
PTX device (PRIM_RX=0)
The TX mode is an active mode where the
PTX device transmits a packet. To enter this
mode from power down mode, the PTX device
must have the PWR_UP bit set high,
PRIM_RX bit set low, a payload in the TX
FIFO, and a high pulse on the CE for more
than 10µs.
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7
RFM70 V1.0
The PTX device stays in TX mode until it
finishes transmitting the current packet. If CE
= 0 it returns to standby-I mode. If CE = 1, the
next action is determined by the status of the
TX FIFO. If the TX FIFO is not empty the
PTX device remains in TX mode, transmitting
the next packet. If the TX FIFO is empty the
PTX device goes into standby-II mode.
set high. Or PRX device can enter this mode
from TX mode after transmitting an
acknowledge packet when EN_AA=1 and
NO_ACK=0 in received packet.
In this mode the receiver demodulates the
signals from the RF channel, constantly
presenting the demodulated data to the packet
processing engine. The packet processing
engine continuously searches for a valid
packet. If a valid packet is found (by a
matching address and a valid CRC) the
payload of the packet is presented in a vacant
slot in the RX FIFO. If the RX FIFO is full,
the received packet is discarded.
If the auto retransmit is enabled (EN_AA=1)
and
auto
acknowledge
is
required
(NO_ACK=0), the PTX device will enter TX
mode from standby-I mode when ARD
elapsed and number of retried is less than
ARC.
PRX device (PRIM_RX=1)
The PRX device remains in RX mode until the
MCU configures it to standby-I mode or
power down mode.
The PRX device will enter TX mode from RX
mode only when EN_AA=1 and NO_ACK=0
in received packet to transmit acknowledge
packet with pending payload in TX FIFO.
In RX mode a carrier detection (CD) signal is
available. The CD is set to high when a RF
signal is detected inside the receiving
frequency channel. The internal CD signal is
filtered before presented to CD register. The
RF signal must be present for at least 128 µs
before the CD is set high.
4.6 RX Mode
PRX device (PRIM_RX=1)
PTX device (PRIM_RX=0)
The RX mode is an active mode where the
RFM70 radio is configured to be a receiver.
To enter this mode from standby-I mode, the
PRX device must have the PWR_UP bit set
high, PRIM_RX bit set high and the CE pin
The PTX device will enter RX mode from TX
mode only when EN_AA=1 and NO_ACK=0
to receive acknowledge packet.
5 Packet Processing
5.1 Packet Format
The packet format has a preamble, address, packet control, payload and CRC field.
Preamble 1 byte
Address 3~5 byte
Packet Control 9/0 bit Payload 0~32 byte
CRC 2/1 byte
Payload Length 6 bit
PID 2 bit
NO_ACK 1 bit
Figure 5 Packet Format
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RFM70 V1.0
No other data pipe can receive data until a
complete packet is received by a data pipe that
5.1.1 Preamble
has detected its address. When multiple PTX
devices are transmitting to a PRX, the ARD
can be used to skew the auto retransmission so
that they only block each other once.
The preamble is a bit sequence used to detect 0
and 1 levels in the receiver. The preamble is
one byte long and is either 01010101 or
10101010. If the first bit in the address is 1 the
preamble is automatically set to 10101010 and
if the first bit is
0 the preamble is
5.1.3 Packet Control
automatically set to 01010101. This is done to
ensure there are enough transitions in the
preamble to stabilize the receiver.
When Dynamic Payload Length function is
enabled, the packet control field contains a 6
bit payload length field, a 2 bit PID (Packet
Identity) field and, a 1 bit NO_ACK flag.
5.1.2 Address
Payload length
This is the address for the receiver. An address
ensures that the packet is detected by the target
receiver. The address field can be configured
to be 3, 4, or 5 bytes long by the AW register.
The payload length field is only used if the
Dynamic Payload Length function is enabled.
PID
The 2 bit PID field is used to detect whether
the received packet is new or retransmitted.
PID prevents the PRX device from presenting
the same payload more than once to the MCU.
The PID field is incremented at the TX side
for each new packet received through the SPI.
The PID and CRC fields are used by the PRX
device to determine whether a packet is old or
new. When several data packets are lost on the
link, the PID fields may become equal to the
last received PID. If a packet has the same PID
as the previous packet, RFM70 compares the
CRC sums from both packets. If the CRC
sums are also equal, the last received packet is
considered a copy of the previously received
packet and discarded.
The PRX device can open up to six data pipes
to support up to six PTX devices with unique
addresses. All six PTX device addresses are
searched simultaneously. In PRX side, the data
pipes are enabled with the bits in the
EN_RXADDR register. By default only data
pipe 0 and 1 are enabled.
Each data pipe address is configured in the
RX_ADDR_PX registers.
Each pipe can have up to 5 bytes configurable
address. Data pipe 0 has a unique 5 byte
address. Data pipes 1-5 share the 4 most
significant address bytes. The LSB byte must
be unique for all 6 pipes.
NO_ACK
To ensure that the ACK packet from the PRX
is transmitted to the correct PTX, the PRX
takes the data pipe address where it received
the packet and uses it as the TX address when
transmitting the ACK packet.
The NO_ACK flag is only used when the auto
acknowledgement feature is used. Setting the
flag high, tells the receiver that the packet is
not to be auto acknowledged.
The PTX can set the NO_ACK flag bit in the
Packet Control Field with the command:
W_TX_PAYLOAD_NOACK.However, the
function must first be enabled in the
On the PRX the RX_ADDR_Pn, defined as
the pipe address, must be unique. On the PTX
the TX_ADDR must be the same as the
RX_ADDR_P0 on the PTX, and as the pipe
address for the designated pipe on the PRX.
FEATURE
register
bysetting the
EN_DYN_ACK bit. When you use this option,
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9
RFM70 V1.0
the PTX goes directly to standby-I mode after
transmitting the packet and the PRX does not
transmit an ACK packet when it receives the
packet.
5.1.5 CRC
The CRC is the error detection mechanism in
the packet. The number of bytes in the CRC is
set by the CRCO bit in the CONFIG register.
It may be either 1 or 2 bytes and is calculated
over the address, Packet Control Field, and
Payload.
5.1.4 Payload
The payload is the user defined content of the
packet. It can be 0 to 32 bytes wide, and it is
transmitted on-air as it is uploaded
(unmodified) to the device.
The polynomial for 1 byte CRC is X8 + X2 +
X + 1. Initial value is 0xFF.
The polynomial for 2 byte CRC is X16 + X12
X5 + 1. Initial value is 0xFFFF.
+
The RFM70 provides two alternatives for
handling payload lengths, static and dynamic
payload length. The static payload length of
each of six data pipes can be individually set.
No packet is accepted by receiver side if the
CRC fails.
The default alternative is static payload length.
With static payload length all packets between
a transmitter and a receiver have the same
length. Static payload length is set by the
RX_PW_Px registers. The payload length on
the transmitter side is set by the number of
bytes clocked into the TX_FIFO and must
equal the value in the RX_PW_Px register on
the receiver side. Each pipe has its own
payload length.
5.2 Packet Handling
RFM70 uses burst mode for payload
transmission and receive.
The transmitter fetches payload from TX FIFO,
automatically assembles it into packet and
transmits the packet in a very short burst
period with 1Mbps or 2Mbps air data rate.
Dynamic Payload Length (DPL) is an
alternative to static payload length. DPL
enables the transmitter to send packets with
variable payload length to the receiver. This
means for a system with different payload
lengths it is not necessary to scale the packet
length to the longest payload.
After transmission, if the PTX packet has the
NO_ACK flag set, RFM70 sets TX_DS and
gives an active low interrupt IRQ to MCU. If
the PTX is ACK packet, the PTX needs
receive ACK from the PRX and then asserts
the TX_DS IRQ.
The receiver automatically validates and
disassembles received packet, if there is a
valid packet within the new payload, it will
write the payload into RX FIFO, set RX_DR
and give an active low interrupt IRQ to MCU.
With DPL feature the RFM70 can decode the
payload length of the received packet
automatically instead of using the RX_PW_Px
registers. The MCU can read the length of the
received payload by using the command:
R_RX_PL_WID.
When auto acknowledge is enabled
(EN_AA=1),
the
PTX
device
will
In order to enable DPL the EN_DPL bit in the
FEATURE register must be set. In RX mode
the DYNPD register has to be set. A PTX that
transmits to a PRX with DPL enabled must
have the DPL_P0 bit in DYNPD set.
automatically wait for acknowledge packet
after transmission, and re-transmit original
packet with the delay of ARD until an
acknowledge packet is received or the number
of re-transmission exceeds a threshold ARC. If
the later one happens, RFM70 will set
MAX_RT and give an active low interrupt
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RFM70 V1.0
IRQ to MCU. Two packet loss counters
(ARC_CNT and PLOS_CNT) are incremented
each time a packet is lost. The ARC_CNT
counts the number of retransmissions for the
current transaction. The PLOS_CNT counts
the total number of retransmissions since the
last channel change. ARC_CNT is reset by
initiating a new transaction. PLOS_CNT is
reset by writing to the RF_CH register. It is
possible to use the information in the
OBSERVE_TX register to make an overall
assessment of the channel quality.
accessible through the SPI by using dedicated
SPI commands. A TX FIFO in PRX can store
payload for ACK packets to three different
PTX devices. If the TX FIFO contains more
than one payload to a pipe, payloads are
handled using the first in first out principle.
The TX FIFO in a PRX is blocked if all
pending payloads are addressed to pipes where
the link to the PTX is lost. In this case, the
MCU can flush the TX FIFO by using the
FLUSH_TX command.
The RX FIFO in PRX may contain payload
from up to three different PTX devices.
.
The PTX device will retransmit if its RX FIFO
is full but received ACK frame has payload.
A TX FIFO in PTX can have up to three
payloads stored.
As an alternative for PTX device to auto
retransmit it is possible to manually set the
RFM70 to retransmit a packet a number of
times. This is done by the REUSE_TX_PL
command.
The TX FIFO can be written to by three
commands,
W_TX_PAYLOAD
and
W_TX_PAYLOAD_NO_ACK in PTX mode
and W_ACK_PAYLOAD in PRX mode. All
three commands give access to the TX_PLD
register.
When auto acknowledge is enabled, the PRX
device will automatically check the NO_ACK
field in received packet, and if NO_ACK=0, it
will automatically send an acknowledge
packet to PTX device. If EN_ACK_PAY is set,
and the acknowledge packet can also include
pending payload in TX FIFO.
The RX FIFO can be read by the command
R_RX_PAYLOAD in both PTX and PRX
mode. This command gives access to the
RX_PLD register.
The payload in TX FIFO in a PTX is NOT
removed if the MAX_RT IRQ is asserted.
6 Data and Control Interface
In the FIFO_STATUS register it is possible to
read if the TX and RX FIFO are full or empty.
The TX_REUSE bit is also available in the
FIFO_STATUS register. TX_REUSE is set by
the SPI command REUSE_TX_PL, and is
6.1 TX/RX FIFO
The data FIFOs are used to store payload that
is to be transmitted (TX FIFO) or payload that
is received and ready to be clocked out (RX
FIFO). The FIFO is accessible in both PTX
mode and PRX mode.
reset
by
the
SPI
command:
W_TX_PAYLOAD or FLUSH TX.
6.2 Interrupt
There are three levels 32 bytes FIFO for both
TX and RX, supporting both acknowledge
mode or no acknowledge mode with up to six
pipes.
In RFM70 there is an active low interrupt (IRQ)
pin, which is activated when TX_DS IRQ,
RX_DR IRQ or MAX_RT IRQ are set high by
the state machine in the STATUS register. The
IRQ pin resets when MCU writes
TX three levels, 32 byte FIFO
RX three levels, 32 byte FIFO
'1' to the IRQ source bit in the STATUS
register. The IRQ mask in the CONFIG
Both FIFOs have a controller and are
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RFM70 V1.0
register is used to select the IRQ sources that
are allowed to assert the IRQ pin. By setting
one of the MASK bits high, the corresponding
IRQ source is disabled. By default all IRQ
sources are enabled.
to low transition on CSN.
In parallel to the SPI command word applied
on the MOSI pin, the STATUS register is
shifted serially out on the MISO pin.
The 3 bit pipe information in the STATUS
register is updated during the IRQ pin high to
low transition. If the STATUS register is read
during an IRQ pin high to low transition, the
pipe information is unreliable.
The serial shifting SPI commands is in the
following format:
<Command word: MSB bit to LSB bit
(one byte)>
<Data bytes: LSB byte to MSB byte,
MSB bit in each byte first> for all
registers at bank 0 and register 9 to
register 14 at bank 1
6.3 SPI Interface
<Data bytes: MSB byte to LSB byte,
MSB bit in each byte first> for register 0
to register 8 at bank 1
6.3.1 SPI Command
The SPI commands are shown in Table 2.
Every new command must be started by a high
Command
# Data
Command name
word
Operation
bytes
(binary)
Read command and status registers. AAAAA =
5 bit Register Map Address
1 to 5
LSB byte first
R_REGISTER
W_REGISTER
000A AAAA
001A AAAA
Write command and status registers. AAAAA = 5
bit Register Map Address
Executable in power down or standby modes only.
1 to 5
LSB byte first
Read RX-payload: 1 – 32 bytes. A read operation
always starts at byte 0. Payload is deleted from FIFO
after it is read. Used in RX mode.
1 to 32
LSB byte first
R_RX_PAYLOAD
0110 0001
Write TX-payload: 1 – 32 bytes. A write operation
1 to 32
LSB byte first
W_TX_PAYLOAD
FLUSH_TX
1010 0000
1110 0001
always starts at byte 0 used in TX payload.
Flush TX FIFO, used in TX mode
0
Flush RX FIFO, used in RX mode
Should not be executed during transmission of
acknowledge, that is, acknowledge package will not
be completed.
FLUSH_RX
1110 0010
0
Used for a PTX device
Reuse last transmitted payload. Packets are repeatedly
retransmitted as long as CE is high.
TX payload reuse is active until
REUSE_TX_PL
1110 0011
0
W_TX_PAYLOAD or FLUSH TX is executed. TX
payload reuse must not be activated or deactivated
during package transmission
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RFM70 V1.0
This write command followed by data 0x73 activates
the following features:
• R_RX_P
L
_
W
ID
•• W
_
_
ACK_P
A
YL
O
A
AD
W
T
X
_P
A
YL
O
D_NOACK
A new ACTIVATE command with the same data
deactivates them again. This is executable in power
down or stand by modes only.
The R_RX_PL_WID, W_ACK_PAYLOAD, and
W_TX_PAYLOAD_NOACK features registers are
initially in a deactivated state; a write has no effect, a
read only results in zeros on MISO. To activate these
registers, use the ACTIVATE command followed by
data 0x73. Then they can be accessed as any other
register. Use the same command and data to
deactivate the registers again.
ACTIVATE
0101 0000
1
This write command followed by data 0x53 toggles
the register bank, and the current register bank
number can be read out from REG7 [7]
Read RX-payload width for the top
R_RX_PL_WID
0110 0000
1010 1PPP
R_RX_PAYLOAD in the RX FIFO.
Used in RX mode.
Write Payload to be transmitted together with
ACK packet on PIPE PPP. (PPP valid in the range
from 000 to 101). Maximum three ACK packet
payloads can be pending. Payloads with same PPP are
handled using first in - first out principle. Write
1 to 32
LSB byte first
W_ACK_PAYLOAD
payload: 1– 32 bytes. A write operation always starts
at byte 0.
Used in TX mode. Disables AUTOACK on this
specific packet.
W_TX_PAYLOAD_NO
ACK
1 to 32
LSB byte first
1011 0000
1111 1111
No Operation. Might be used to read the STATUS
register
NOP
0
Table 2 SPI command
6.3.2 SPI Timing
SCK
CSN
Write to SPI register:
MOSI
MISO
x
x
x
C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1
S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1
C0
S0
D7 D6
0
D5 D4
D3 D2
D1 D0
HI-Z
Hi-Z
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Read from SPI register:
x
C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1
C0
S0
x
MOSI
MISO
x
x
S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1
D7
D6
D5 D4
D3 D2
D1 D0
Figure 6 SPI timing
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13
RFM70 V1.0
Cn: SPI command bit
Sn: STATUS register bit
Dn: Data Bit (LSB byte to MSB byte, MSB bit in each byte first)
Note: The SPI timing is for bank 0 and register 9 to 14 at bank 1. For register 0 to 8 at bank 1, the byte
order is inversed that the MSB byte is R/W before LSB byte.
Figure 7 SPI NOP timing diagram
Symbol
Tdc
Parameters
Min
10
Max
Units
ns
ns
Data to SCK Setup
SCK to Data Hold
CSN to Data Valid
SCK to Data Valid
SCK Low Time
Tdh
2
Tcsd
Tcd
38
55
ns
ns
Tcl
40
40
0
ns
Tch
SCK High Time
ns
MHz
Fsck
Tr,Tf
Tcc
SCK Frequency
8
SCK Rise and Fall
CSN to SCK Setup
SCK to CSN Hold
CSN Inactive time
CSN to Output High Z
100
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
2
2
Tcch
Tcwh
Tcdz
50
38
Table 3 SPI timing parameter
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RFM70 V1.0
7 Register Map
There are two register banks, which can be toggled by SPI command “ACTIVATE” followed
with
0x53 byte, and bank status can be read from Bank0_REG7 [7].
7.1 Register Bank 0
Address
(Hex)
Reset
Value
Mnemonic
Bit
Type
Description
00
CONFIG
Configuration Register
Reserved
7
6
0
0
R/W
R/W
Only '0' allowed
Mask interrupt caused by RX_DR
MASK_RX_DR
MASK_TX_DS
MASK_MAX_RT
1: Interrupt not reflected on the IRQ pin
0: Reflect RX_DR as active low interrupt
on the IRQ pin
Mask interrupt caused by TX_DS
1: Interrupt not reflected on the IRQ pin
0: Reflect TX_DS as active low interrupt on
the IRQ pin
Mask interrupt caused by MAX_RT
1: Interrupt not reflected on the IRQ pin
0: Reflect MAX_RT as active low interrupt
on the IRQ pin
5
4
0
0
R/W
R/W
Enable CRC. Forced high if one of the bits
in the EN_AA is high
CRC encoding scheme
EN_CRC
CRCO
3
2
1
0
R/W
R/W
'0' - 1 byte
'1' - 2 bytes
PWR_UP
PRIM_RX
1
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
1: POWER UP, 0:POWER DOWN
RX/TX control,
1: PRX, 0: PTX
01
EN_AA
Enable „Auto Acknowledgment‟ Function
Reserved
7:6
5
4
3
2
00
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
ENAA_P5
ENAA_P4
ENAA_P3
ENAA_P2
ENAA_P1
ENAA_P0
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 5
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 4
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 3
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 2
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 1
Enable auto acknowledgement data pipe 0
1
0
1
1
02
EN_RXADDR
Reserved
ERX_P5
ERX_P4
ERX_P3
ERX_P2
ERX_P1
ERX_P0
Enabled RX Addresses
Only '00' allowed
7:6
5
4
3
2
00
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Enable data pipe 5.
Enable data pipe 4.
Enable data pipe 3.
Enable data pipe 2.
Enable data pipe 1.
Enable data pipe 0.
1
0
1
1
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RFM70 V1.0
Setup of Address Widths
03
SETUP_AW
(common for all data pipes)
Only '000000' allowed
Reserved
AW
7:2
1:0
000000
11
R/W
R/W
RX/TX Address field width
'00' - Illegal
'01' - 3 bytes
'10' - 4 bytes
'11' - 5 bytes
LSB bytes are used if address width is
below 5 bytes
04
SETUP_RETR
ARD
Setup of Automatic Retransmission
Auto Retransmission Delay
„0000‟ – Wait 250 us
7:4
0000
R/W
„0001‟ – Wait 500 us
„0010‟. – Wait 750 us
…….
„1111‟ – Wait 4000 us
(Delay defined from end of transmission to
start of next transmission)
Auto Retransmission Count
„0000‟ –Re-Transmit disabled
„0001‟ – Up to 1 Re-Transmission on fail
of AA
ARC
3:0
0011
R/W
……
„1111‟ – Up to 15 Re-Transmission on fail
of AA
05
06
RF_CH
Reserved
RF_CH
RF Channel
Only '0' allowed
Sets the frequency channel
7
6:0
0
R/W
R/W
0000010
RF_SETUP
Reserved
RF Setup Register
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
7
6
5
4
3
0
0
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
RF_DR
R/W
Air Data Rate
„0‟ – 1Mbps
„1‟ – 2Mbps
Set RF output power in TX mode
RF_PWR[1:0]
'00' – -10 dBm
'01' – -5 dBm
'10' – 0 dBm
RF_PWR[1:0]
2:1
0
11
1
R/W
R/W
'11' – 5 dBm
Setup LNA gain
0:Low gain(20dB down)
1:High gain
LNA_HCURR
STATUS
Status Register (In parallel to the SPI
command word applied on the MOSI pin,
the STATUS register is shifted serially out
on the MISO pin)
07
Register bank selection states. Switch
register bank is done by SPI0command
RBANK
7
0
R
“ACTIVATE” followed by
x53
0: Register bank 0
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RFM70 V1.0
1: Register bank 1
RX_DR
TX_DS
6
5
0
0
R/W
R/W
Data Ready RX FIFO interrupt
Asserted when new data arrives RX FIFO
Write 1 to clear bit.
Data Sent TX FIFO interrupt
Asserted when packet transmitted on TX. If
AUTO_ACK is activated, this bit is set high
only when ACK is received.
Write 1 to clear bit.
Maximum number of TX retransmits
interrupt
Write 1 to clear bit. If MAX_RT is asserted
it must be cleared to enable further
communication.
Data pipe number for the payload available
for reading from RX_FIFO
000-101: Data Pipe Number
110: Not used
MAX_RT
RX_P_NO
4
0
R/W
R
3:1
111
111: RX FIFO Empty
TX_FULL
0
0
R
R
R
TX FIFO full flag.
1: TX FIFO full
0: Available locations in TX FIFO
08
OBSERVE_TX
PLOS_CNT
Transmit observe register
Count lost packets. The counter is overflow
protected to 15, and discontinues at max
until reset. The counter is reset by writing to
RF_CH.
7:4
3:0
0000
0000
Count retransmitted packets. The counter is
reset when transmission of a new packet
starts.
ARC_CNT
09
CD
Reserved
CD
7:1
0
000000
0
R
R
Carrier Detect
Receive address data pipe 0. 5 Bytes
maximum length. (LSB byte is written first.
Write the number of bytes defined by
SETUP_AW)
Receive address data pipe 1. 5 Bytes
maximum length. (LSB byte is written first.
Write the number of bytes defined by
SETUP_AW)
0A
0B
RX_ADDR_P0
RX_ADDR_P1
39:0
39:0
0xE7E7E
7E7E7
R/W
R/W
0xC2C2C
2C2C2
0C
0D
0E
RX_ADDR_P2
RX_ADDR_P3
RX_ADDR_P4
7:0
7:0
7:0
0xC3
0xC4
0xC5
R/W
R/W
R/W
Receive address data pipe 2. Only LSB
MSB bytes is equal to RX_ADDR_P1[39:8]
Receive address data pipe 3. Only LSB
MSB bytes is equal to RX_ADDR_P1[39:8]
Receive address data pipe 4. Only LSB.
MSB bytes is equal to RX_ADDR_P1[39:8]
Receive address data pipe 5. Only LSB.
MSB bytes is equal to RX_ADDR_P1[39:8]
Transmit address. Used for a PTX device
only.
0F
10
RX_ADDR_P5
TX_ADDR
7:0
0xC6
R/W
R/W
39:0
0xE7E7E
7E7E7
(LSB byte is written first)
Set RX_ADDR_P0 equal to this address to
handle automatic acknowledge if this is a
PTX device
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RFM70 V1.0
11
12
13
14
15
RX_PW_P0
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
0 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
RX_PW_P0
000000
32 = 32 bytes
RX_PW_P1
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
1 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
RX_PW_P1
000000
32 = 32 bytes
RX_PW_P2
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
RX_PW_P2
2 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
000000
32 = 32 bytes
RX_PW_P3
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
000000
3 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
RX_PW_P3
32 = 32 bytes
RX_PW_P4
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
4 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
RX_PW_P4
000000
32 = 32 bytes
16
RX_PW_P5
Reserved
7:6
5:0
00
R/W
R/W
Only '00' allowed
Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe
RX_PW_P5
000000
5 (1 to 32 bytes).
0: not used
1 = 1 byte
…
32 = 32 bytes
17
FIFO_STATUS
Reserved
TX_REUSE
FIFO Status Register
Only '0' allowed
Reuse last transmitted data packet if set
high.
7
6
0
0
R/W
R
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18
RFM70 V1.0
The packet is repeatedly retransmitted as
long as CE is high. TX_REUSE is set by the
SPI command REUSE_TX_PL, and is reset
by the SPI command W_TX_PAYLOAD
or FLUSH TX
TX FIFO full flag
1: TX FIFO full; 0: Available locations in
TX FIFO
TX_FULL
5
0
R
TX FIFO empty flag.
TX_EMPTY
Reserved
4
1
00
0
R
1: TX FIFO empty
0: Data in TX FIFO
Only '00' allowed
RX FIFO full flag
3:2
1
R/W
R
RX_FULL
1: RX FIFO full
0: Available locations in RX FIFO
RX FIFO empty flag
RX_EMPTY
ACK_PLD
0
1
R
1: RX FIFO empty
0: Data in RX FIFO
Written by separate SPI command ACK
packet payload to data pipe number PPP
given in SPI command
N/A
255:0
X
W
Used in RX mode only
Maximum three ACK packet payloads can
be pending. Payloads with same PPP are
handled first in first out.
Written by separate SPI command TX data
pay-load register 1 - 32 bytes. This register
is implemented as a FIFO with three levels.
Used in TX mode only
Read by separate SPI command
RX data payload register. 1 - 32 bytes.
This register is implemented as a FIFO with
three levels.
N/A
N/A
TX_PLD
RX_PLD
255:0
255:0
X
X
W
R
All RX channels share the same FIFO.
1C
DYNPD
Reserved
DPL_P5
Enable dynamicepdayload length
7:6
5
0
0
R/W
R/W
Only „00‟ allow
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 5.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P5)
DPL_P4
DPL_P3
DPL_P2
DPL_P1
DPL_P0
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 4.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P4)
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 3.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P3)
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 2.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P2)
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 1.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P1)
Enable dynamic payload length data pipe 0.
(Requires EN_DPL and ENAA_P0)
1D
FEATURE
Reserved
EN_DPL
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Feature Register
Only „00000‟ allowed
7:3
2
1
0
0
0
Enables Dynamic Payload Length
Enables Payload with ACK
Enables the W_TX_PAYLOAD_NOACK
command
EN_ACK_PAY
EN_DYN_ACK
0
0
R/W
Note: Don’t write reserved registers and registers at other addresses in register bank 0
Table 4 Register Bank 0
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19
RFM70 V1.0
7.2 Register Bank 1
Address
Reset
(Hex)
Mnemonic
Bit
31:0
31:0
31:0
Value
Type
Description
00
01
02
0
W
Must write with 0x404B01E2
Must write with 0xC04B0000
Must write with 0xD0FC8C02
0
0
W
W
0x
03001200
03
04
31:0
31:0
W
W
Must write with 0x99003941
Must write with 0xD99E860B(High Power)
For single carrier mode:0xD99E8621
RF output power in TX mode:
0:Low power(-30dB down)
1:High power
Must write with 0x24067FA6(Disable
RSSI)
RSSI Threshold for CD detect
0: -97 dBm, 2 dB/step, 15: -67 dBm
RSSI measurement:
0
20
1
0
W
W
W
05
31:0
29:26
RSSI_TH
RSSI_EN
0:Enable
1:Disable
Reserved
Reserved
18
31:0
31:0
0
0
0
W
W
W
06
07
Register bank selection states. Switch
register bank is done by SPI command
“ACTIVATE” followed by
0x53
0: Register bank 0
RBANK
Chip ID
7
R
R
1: Register bank 1
BEKEN Chip ID:
0x00000063(RFM70)
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Please initialize with 0x00731200
Please initialize with 0x0080B436
Ramp curve
08
09
31:0
0
0
0
0
0
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
31:0
NEW_FEATURE 31:0
RAMP 87:0
0
NA
W
Please write with
0xFFFFFEF7CF208104082041
Note: Don’t write reserved registers and no definition registers in register bank 1
Table 5 Register Bank 1
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20
RFM70 V1.0
8 Electrical Specifications
Name
Parameter (Condition)
Min
Typi
cal
Max
Unit Comm
ent
Operating Condition
VDD
Voltage
1.9
3.0
3.6
V
TEMP
Temperature
-40
+27
+85
ºC
Digital input Pin
VIH
VIL
High level
Low level
0.7VDD
VSS
5.25
0.3VDD
V
V
Digital output Pin
VOH
VOL
High level (IOH=-0.25mA)
Low level(IOL=0.25mA)
Normal condition
VDD- 0.3
0
VDD
0.3
V
V
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
Power Down current
Standby-I current
Standby-II current
3
50
400
uA
uA
uA
Normal RF condition
Operating frequency
Crystal frequency
Air data rate
Transmitter
FOP
FXTAL
RFSK
2400
1
2527
MHz
MHz
Mbps
16
2
5
PRF
Output power
-40
0
dBm
MHz
MHz
dBm
dBm
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
PBW
PBW
PRF1
PRF2
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
IVDD
Modulation 20 dB bandwidth(2Mbps)
Modulation 20 dB bandwidth (1Mbps)
Out of band emission 2 MHz
Out of band emission 4 MHz
Current at -40 dBm output power
Current at -30 dBm output power
Current at -25 dBm output power
Current at -10 dBm output power
Current at -5 dBm output power
Current at 0 dBm output power
Current at 5 dBm output power
Receiver
2.5
1.3
-20
-40
11
11
12
13
15
17
23
mA
mA
IVDD
IVDD
Max Input 1 E-3 BER
RXSENS
RXSENS
C/ICO
C/I1ST
C/I2ND
C/I3RD
C/ICO
Current (2Mbps)
Current (1Mbps)
18
17
10
-85
-88
4
mA
mA
dBm
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
1 E-3 BER sensitivity (2Mbps)
1 E-3 BER sensitivity (1Mbps)
Co-channel C/I (2Mbps)
ACS C/I 2MHz (2Mbps)
ACS C/I 4MHz (2Mbps)
ACS C/I 6MHz (2Mbps)
Co-channel C/I (1Mbps)
ACS C/I 1MHz (1Mbps)
ACS C/I 2MHz (1Mbps)
ACS C/I 3MHz (1Mbps)
-5
-20
-25
4
4
-18
-19
C/I1ST
C/I2ND
C/I3RD
dB
dB
dB
Table 6 Electrical Specifications
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21
RFM70 V1.0
9 Typical Application Schematic
Figure 8 RFM70 typical application schematic
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22
RFM70 V1.0
10 Package Information
Figure 9
RFM70
SMD PACKAGE
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23
RFM70 V1.0
Figure 10
RFM70
DIP PACKAGE
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24
RFM70 V1.0
11 Order Information
Part number
RFM70-S
Package
SMD
RFM70-D
DIP
Table 7 RFM70 order information
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25
RFM70 V1.0
12 Contact Information
This document may contain preliminary information and is subject to change
by Hope Microelectronics without notice. Hope Microelectronics assumes no
responsibility or liability for any use of the information contained herein.
Nothing in this document shall operate as an express or implied license or
HOPE MICROELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
4/F, Block B3, East Industrial Area, indemnity under the intellectual property rights of Hope Microelectronics or
Huaqiaocheng, Shenzhen, Guangdong, third parties. The products described in this document are not intended for
China
use in implantation or other direct life support applications where malfunction
may result in the direct physical harm or injury to persons. NO
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MECHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
ARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE OFFERED IN THIS DOCUMENT.
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Fax: 86-755-86096587
Email: sales@hoperf.com
Website: http://www.hoperf.com
http://www.hoperf.cn
http://hoperf.en.alibaba.com
©2006, HOPE MICROELECTRONICS CO.,LTD. All rights reserved.
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26
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