DJIXF972MLEA4 [INTEL]
Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver; 单端口10/100 Mbps的PHY收发器
| 型号： | DJIXF972MLEA4 |
| 厂家： | 
INTEL |
| 描述： | Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver |
| 文件： | 总92页 (文件大小：1218K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps
PHY Transceiver
Datasheet
The Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver is an IEEE compliant Fast
Ethernet PHY Transceiver that directly supports both 100BASE-TX and 10BASE-T applications. It
provides a Media Independent Interface (MII) for easy attachment to 10/100 Media Access
Controllers (MACs). Both full and half-duplex operation at 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps is supported.
Operation mode can be set to auto-negotiation, parallel detection, or manual control. The device is
powered from a single 3.3V power supply.
Applications
■ Combination 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX
Network Interface Cards (NICs)
■ Wireless access points
■ 10/100 Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association (PCMCIA) cards
■ Cable Modems and Set-Top Boxes
■ Network printers
Product Features
■ 3.3V Operation
■ Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision
Detection (CSMA/CD) or full-duplex
operation
■ IEEE 802.3-compliant 10BASE-T or
100BASE-TX with integrated filters
■ Auto-negotiation and parallel detection
■ MII interface with extended register
capability
■ JTAG boundary scan
■ MDIO serial port or hardware pin
configurable
■ Integrated, programmable LED drivers
■ Robust baseline wander correction
■ 48-pin Low-profile Quad Flat Package
RESET_L
VCC
GND
Power Supply
Management /
Mode Select
Logic
ADDR[1:0]
MDIO
Register Set
REFCLK/XI
XO
Clock
Generator
MDC
Manchester
Encoder
+
-
10
TX_EN
OSP
TP
Driver
TPOP
TPON
TXD[3:0]
TP Out
JTAG
Pulse
Parallel/Serial
Converter
Scrambler
& Encoder
100
Shaper
TX_CLK
Auto
Negotiation
TDI
Register
Set
TDO
TMS
TCK
5
LED/CFG[3:1]
COL
TRST_L
Collision
Detect
OSP
Media
Select
Clock
Generator
+
-
Adaptive EQ with
Baseline Wander
Cancellation
100TX
10BT
RX_CLK
RXD[3:0]
RX_DV
CRS
TPIP
TPIN
Manchester
Decoder
Serial-to-
Parallel
TP In
10
OSP
Slicer
Converter
Decoder &
Descrambler
Carrier Sense
100
+
-
Data Valid
Error Detect
RX_ER
B3387-13
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY
ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN
INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES
RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, life sustaining, critical control or safety systems, or
in nuclear facility applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
The Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to
deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature may be obtained by calling
1-800-548-4725 or by visiting Intel's website at http://www.intel.com.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
Copyright © 2005, Intel Corporation.
2
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Contents
1.0
Introduction to This Document .........................................................................................10
1.1
1.2
Document Overview............................................................................................10
Related Documents.............................................................................................10
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Block Diagram for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver...............................................................11
Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver ...........................................................12
Signal Descriptions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver .......................................................15
Functional Description......................................................................................................21
5.1
Device Overview .................................................................................................22
5.1.1 Comprehensive Functionality.................................................................22
5.1.2 Optimal Signal Processing Architecture.................................................22
Network Media / Protocol Support.......................................................................23
5.2.1 10/100 Network Interface .......................................................................23
5.2.2 MII Data Interface...................................................................................25
5.2.3 Configuration Management Interface.....................................................25
Operating Requirements .....................................................................................28
5.3.1 Power Requirements..............................................................................28
5.3.2 Clock Requirements...............................................................................28
Initialization..........................................................................................................29
5.4.1 MDIO Control Mode and Hardware Control Mode .................................31
5.4.2 Reduced-Power Modes..........................................................................31
5.4.3 Reset for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver...................................................31
5.4.4 Hardware Configuration Settings ...........................................................33
Establishing Link .................................................................................................34
5.5.1 Auto-Negotiation.....................................................................................34
5.5.2 Parallel Detection ...................................................................................35
MII Operation.......................................................................................................36
5.6.1 MII Clocks...............................................................................................37
5.6.2 Transmit Enable .....................................................................................38
5.6.3 Receive Data Valid.................................................................................38
5.6.4 Carrier Sense .........................................................................................39
5.6.5 Error Signals...........................................................................................39
5.6.6 Collision..................................................................................................39
5.6.7 Loopback................................................................................................40
100 Mbps Operation............................................................................................41
5.7.1 100BASE-X Network Operations ...........................................................41
5.7.2 Collision Indication .................................................................................44
5.7.3 100BASE-X Protocol Sublayer Operations ............................................45
10 Mbps Operation..............................................................................................50
5.8.1 10BASE-T Preamble Handling...............................................................50
5.8.2 10BASE-T Carrier Sense .......................................................................50
5.8.3 10BASE-T Dribble Bits...........................................................................50
5.8.4 10BASE-T Link Integrity Test.................................................................51
5.8.5 Link Failure.............................................................................................51
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
Datasheet
3
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.8.6 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) ..................................................................51
5.8.7 10BASE-T Jabber ..................................................................................51
5.8.8 10BASE-T Polarity Correction................................................................51
Monitoring Operations.........................................................................................52
5.9.1 Monitoring Auto-Negotiation...................................................................52
5.9.2 Monitoring Next Page Exchange............................................................52
5.9.3 LED Functions........................................................................................53
5.9.4 LED Pulse Stretching .............................................................................54
Boundary Scan (JTAG 1149.1) Functions ..........................................................55
5.10.1 Boundary Scan Interface........................................................................55
5.10.2 State Machine ........................................................................................55
5.10.3 Instruction Register ................................................................................55
5.10.4 Boundary Scan Register ........................................................................56
5.10.5 Device ID Register .................................................................................56
5.9
5.10
6.0
7.0
Application Information.....................................................................................................57
6.1
6.2
Magnetics Information.........................................................................................57
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface.............................................................................57
Electrical Specifications ...................................................................................................61
7.1
7.2
Electrical Parameters..........................................................................................61
Timing Diagrams .................................................................................................65
8.0
Register Definitions - IEEE Base Registers .....................................................................75
Register Definitions - Product-Specific Registers ............................................................83
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Package Specifications......................................................90
9.0
10.0
10.1
Top Label Markings.............................................................................................91
11.0
Product Ordering Information...........................................................................................92
Figures
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Block Diagram.......................................................11
Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 48-Pin LQFP Package .........12
Management Interface Read Frame Structure ...................................................27
Management Interface Write Frame Structure ...................................................27
Initialization Sequence for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver.....................................30
Link Establishment Overview).............................................................................34
Clocking for 10BASE-T ......................................................................................37
Clocking for 100BASE-X ....................................................................................37
Clocking for Link Down Clock Transition ............................................................38
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Loopback Paths ....................................................40
100BASE-X Frame Format ................................................................................41
100BASE-TX Data Path .....................................................................................42
100BASE-TX Reception with No Errors .............................................................43
100BASE-TX Reception with Invalid Symbol .....................................................43
100BASE-TX Transmission with No Errors ........................................................44
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
4
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
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19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
100BASE-TX Transmission with Collision ..........................................................44
Intel® LXT972M Protocol Sublayers....................................................................45
LED Pulse Stretching .........................................................................................54
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - Switch .................58
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - NIC .....................59
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Media Independent Interface....................60
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Receive Timing ...............................65
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing..............................66
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Receive Timing ...................................67
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Transmit Timing ..................................68
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing...............69
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing......................70
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Auto-Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing .......71
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Fast Link Pulse Timing..........................................71
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Input Timing................................................72
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Output Timing .............................................72
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power-Up Timing ..................................................73
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver RESET_L Pulse Width and Recovery Timing .......74
PHY Identifier Bit Mapping .................................................................................78
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Package Specifications...............................90
Sample LQFP Package - Intel® LXT972M Transceiver ......................................91
Sample Pb-Free (RoHS-Compliant) LQFP Package - Intel® LX972M Transceiver
91
38
Order Matrix for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver.....................................................92
Tables
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Related Documents from Intel.............................................................................10
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Signal Types .........................................................13
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Numeric Pin List..........................................13
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Data Interface Signal Descriptions..................16
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Controller Interface Signal Descriptions..........17
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Network Interface Signal Descriptions ..................17
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Standard Bus and Interface Signal Descriptions...17
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Configuration and LED Driver Signal Descriptions18
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power, Ground, No-Connect Signal Descriptions.19
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver JTAG Test Signal Descriptions .............................19
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Pin Types and Modes ...........................................20
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver - PHY Device Address Selections.........................26
Hardware Configuration Settings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver.....................33
Carrier Sense, Loopback, and Collision Conditions............................................39
4B/5B Coding ......................................................................................................46
Valid JTAG Instructions.......................................................................................55
BSR Mode of Operation ......................................................................................56
Device ID Register for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver...........................................56
Magnetics Requirements.....................................................................................57
I/O Pin Comparison of NIC and Switch RJ-45 Setups ........................................57
Absolute Maximum Ratings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver .............................61
Recommended Operating Conditions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver..............61
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Datasheet
5
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
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26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
Digital I/O Characteristics (Except for MII, XI/XO, and LED/CFG Pins)..............62
Digital I/O Characteristics1 - MII Pins..................................................................62
I/O Characteristics - REFCLK/XI and XO Pins....................................................63
I/O Characteristics - LED/CFG Pins....................................................................63
100BASE-TX Transceiver Characteristics ..........................................................64
10BASE-T Transceiver Characteristics...............................................................64
10BASE-T Link Integrity Timing Characteristics .................................................64
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Receive Timing Parameters ...........65
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing Parameters .........66
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Receive Timing ...................................67
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Transmit Timing ..................................68
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing...............69
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing .....................70
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Auto-Negotiation / Fast Link Pulse Timing............71
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Timing.........................................................72
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power-Up Timing ..................................................73
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver RESET_L Pulse Width and Recovery Timing.......74
Register Set for IEEE Base Registers.................................................................75
Control Register - Address 0, Hex 0 ...................................................................76
MII Status Register #1 - Address 1, Hex 1..........................................................77
PHY Identification Register 1 - Address 2, Hex 2 ...............................................78
PHY Identification Register 2 - Address 3, Hex 3 ...............................................78
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register - Address 4, Hex 4 ............................79
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register - Address 5, Hex 5...80
Auto-Negotiation Expansion - Address 6, Hex 6.................................................81
Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register - Address 7, Hex 7 ...................82
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register - Address 8, Hex 8 82
Register Set for Product-Specific Registers........................................................83
Configuration Register - Address 16, Hex 10......................................................84
Status Register #2 - Address 17, Hex 11............................................................85
Status Change Register - Address 19, Hex 13 ...................................................86
LED Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14..............................................87
Digital Configuration Register - Address 26, Hex 1A ..........................................88
Transmit Control Register - Address 30, Hex 1E................................................89
Product Ordering Information..............................................................................92
6
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Revision History
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Page
Description
Added Figure 36 “Sample LQFP Package - Intel® LXT972M Transceiver” and Figure 37 “Sample
Pb-Free (RoHS-Compliant) LQFP Package - Intel® LX972M Transceiver” under Section 10.1, “Top
Label Markings”.
91
92
92
Modified Table 57 “Product Ordering Information”: added RoHS information
Modified Figure 38 “Order Matrix for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”.
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 004
Revision Date: February 18, 2005
Page
Description
-
Removed “Preliminary” label from document.
10
92
Added Table 1 “Related Documents from Intel”
Change to product ordering information in Chapter 11.0, “Product Ordering Information”.
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 003
Revision Date: October 21, 2004
Page
Description
1
Block diagram changed.
11
Chapter 2.0, “Block Diagram for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”. Block diagram changed.
Chapter 3.0, “Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”.
- Figure 2 “Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 48-Pin LQFP Package” changed.
- Figure 11 “Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Pb-Free 48-Pin LQFP”. Added new
figure for lead-free package.
12
- Table 2 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Signal Types”. Changed old Table 2 to Table 1 and table
text changed.
- Table 3 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Numeric Pin List” changed.
Chapter 4.0, “Signal Descriptions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”.
- Table 6 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Network Interface Signal Descriptions” changed.
15
33
- Table 8 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Configuration and LED Driver Signal Descriptions”
changed.
Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration Settings”.
- Text changed.
- Table 13 “Hardware Configuration Settings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver” changed.
35
53
Section 5.5.1.3, “Controlling Auto-Negotiation”. Added text.
Section 5.9.3, “LED Functions”. Text changed.
Chapter 7.0, “Electrical Specifications”.
- Table 20 “Absolute Maximum Ratings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver” changed.
- Table 23 “Digital I/O Characteristics (Except for MII, XI/XO, and LED/CFG Pins)” changed.
- Table 27 “100BASE-TX Transceiver Characteristics” changed.
61
66
Section 7.2, “Timing Diagrams”. Added timing diagrams.
Datasheet
7
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 003
Revision Date: October 21, 2004
Page
Description
Chapter 8.0, “Register Definitions - IEEE Base Registers”
- Table 40 “Register Set for IEEE Base Registers” changed.
- Table 41 “Control Register - Address 0, Hex 0” changed.
75
Chapter 9.0, “Register Definitions - Product-Specific Registers”.
- Table 50 “Register Set for Product-Specific Registers” changed.
- Table 54 “LED Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14” changed.
- Table 56 “Transmit Control Register - Address 30, Hex 1E”
83
90
Chapter 10.0, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Package Specifications”.
- Figure 35 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Package Specifications” changed.
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 002
Revision Date: July 14, 2004
Page
Description
1
Text changed.
10
21
22
23
26
Figure 1 “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Block Diagram” - Deleted ECL Driver from figure.
Section 5.1, “Introduction” - Text changed.
Section 5.2.1.1, “Twisted-Pair Interface” - Added text on MDI crossover.
Section 5.2.1.2, “Fault Detection and Reporting” - Text changed.
Section 5.3.2.1, “External Crystal/Oscillator” - Text changed.
Table 12 “Hardware Configuration Settings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver” - Bit value for 0.8
changed.
30
33
36
37
45
47
47
47
48
53
Section 5.5.2, “Parallel Detection” - Text changed.
Section 5.6.2, “Transmit Enable” - Text changed.
Section 5.6.4, “Carrier Sense” - Text changed.
Section 5.7.3.1.1, “Preamble Handling” - Text changed.
Section 5.7.3.2.1, “Link” - Added text.
Section 5.7.3.2.2, “Link Failure Override” - Added text.
Section 5.7.3.2.4, “Receive Data Valid” - Text changed.
Section 5.7.3.3.2, “Polarity Correction” - Text changed.
Section 5.9.4, “LED Pulse Stretching” - Text changed.
Table 46 “Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register - Address 7, Hex 7” - Bits 7.10:0 and 7.13
changed.
80
Table 47 “Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register - Address 8, Hex 8” - Bits
8.18 and 8.10:0 changed.
80
85
Table 52 “LED Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14” - Bit 20.0 changed.
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Datasheet Revision 001
Revision Date: July 2, 2004
Page
Description
-
Initial release of this document.
8
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Datasheet
9
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
1.0
Introduction to This Document
This document includes information on the Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY
Transceiver (called hereafter the LXT972M Transceiver)
1.1
Document Overview
This document includes the following subjects:
• Chapter 2.0, “Block Diagram for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”
• Chapter 3.0, “Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”
• Chapter 4.0, “Signal Descriptions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”
• Chapter 5.0, “Functional Description”
• Chapter 6.0, “Application Information”
• Chapter 7.0, “Electrical Specifications”
• Chapter 8.0, “Register Definitions - IEEE Base Registers”
• Chapter 9.0, “Register Definitions - Product-Specific Registers”
• Chapter 10.0, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Package Specifications”
• Chapter 11.0, “Product Ordering Information”
1.2
Related Documents
Table 1. Related Documents from Intel
Document
Number
Document Title
Intel® LXT971A , LXT972A , LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY
Transceivers Specification Update
249354
249016
248991
Intel® LXT971A, LXT972A, and LXT972M 3.3V PHY Transceivers
Design and Layout Guide - Application Note
Magnetic Manufacturers for Networking Product Applications -
Application Note
10
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
2.0
Block Diagram for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Figure 1 is a block diagram of the LXT972M Transceiver. (This block diagram is the same as the
block diagram on the first page of this document. This copy of the block diagram appears here as a
convenience to the reader.)
Figure 1. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Block Diagram
RESET_L
VCC
GND
Power Supply
Management /
Mode Select
Logic
ADDR[1:0]
MDIO
Register Set
REFCLK/XI
XO
Clock
Generator
MDC
Manchester
Encoder
+
-
10
TX_EN
OSP
TPOP
TPON
TP
Driver
TXD[3:0]
TP Out
JTAG
Pulse
Parallel/Serial
Converter
Scrambler
& Encoder
100
Shaper
TX_CLK
Auto
Negotiation
TDI
Register
Set
TDO
TMS
TCK
5
LED/CFG[3:1]
COL
TRST_L
Collision
Detect
OSP
Media
Select
Clock
Generator
+
Adaptive EQ with
Baseline Wander
Cancellation
100TX
10BT
RX_CLK
RXD[3:0]
RX_DV
CRS
-
TPIP
TPIN
Manchester
Decoder
Serial-to-
Parallel
TP In
10
OSP
Slicer
Converter
Decoder &
Descrambler
Carrier Sense
100
+
-
Data Valid
Error Detect
RX_ER
B3387-13
Datasheet
11
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
3.0
Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Figure 2 shows the pin assignments for the LXT972M Transceiver LQFP package.
Figure 2. Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 48-Pin LQFP Package
NC
37
GND
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
NC 38
VCCD 39
TRST_L
TCK
Revision
Number
RX_CLK 40
RX_ER 41
TX_CLK 42
TX_EN 43
TMS
Part
Number
TDO
DJ972M A4
XXXXXXXX
TDI
FPO
Number
TPIN
TPIP
44
45
46
47
48
TXD0
TXD1
TXD2
TXD3
COL
Year
M
C
'Y Y
VCCA
TPON
TPOP
GNDA
Pin 1
B3814-02
12
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Note: For the tables in this section and the following sections, the abbreviations listed in Table 2 are used
for the “Type” column.
Table 2. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Signal Types
Abbreviation
Meaning
AI
AO
I
Analog Input
Analog Output
Input
I/O
O
Input/Output
Output
OD
Open Drain
Table 3 lists the LXT972M Transceiver LQFP pin numbers, symbols, and pin types.
Table 3. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Numeric Pin List (Sheet 1 of 2)
Pin
Symbol
Type
1
CRS
O
AI
AO
I
2
REFCLK/XI
XO
3
4
RESET_L
GND
5
–
6
VCCIO
NC
–
7
–
8
NC
–
9
GND
–
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
ADDR0
ADDR1
RBIAS
GNDA
TPOP
TPON
VCCA
TPIP
I
I
AI
–
AO
AO
–
AI
AI
I
TPIN
TDI
TDO
O
I
TMS
TCK
I
TRST_L
GND
I
–
GND
–
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 3. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Numeric Pin List (Sheet 2 of 2)
Pin
Symbol
LED/CFG3
Type
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
I/O
I/O
I/O
–
LED/CFG2
LED/CFG1
VCCIO
GND
–
MDIO
I/O
I
MDC
RXD3
O
O
O
O
O
–
RXD2
RXD1
RXD0
RX_DV
GND
VCCD
RX_CLK
RX_ER
TX_CLK
TX_EN
TXD0
–
O
O
O
I
I
TXD1
I
TXD2
I
TXD3
I
COL
O
14
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
4.0
Signal Descriptions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Intel recommends the following configurations for unused pins:
• Unused inputs. Configure all unused inputs and unused multi-function pins for inactive states.
• Unused outputs. Leave all unused outputs floating.
• No connects. Do not use pins designated as NC (no connect), and do not terminate them.
Note: For the tables in this section, the abbreviations listed in Table 2, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Signal Types” on page 13 are used for the “Type” column.
Tables in this section include the following
• Table 4, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Data Interface Signal Descriptions”
• Table 5, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Controller Interface Signal Descriptions”
• Table 6, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Network Interface Signal Descriptions”
• Table 7, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Standard Bus and Interface Signal Descriptions”
• Table 8, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Configuration and LED Driver Signal Descriptions”
• Table 9, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power, Ground, No-Connect Signal Descriptions”
• Table 10, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver JTAG Test Signal Descriptions”
• Table 11, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Pin Types and Modes”
Datasheet
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 4 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver MII data interface pins.
Table 4. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Data Interface Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
47
46
45
44
TXD3
Transmit Data.
TXD2
TXD1
TXD0
TXD is a group of parallel data signals that are driven by the MAC.
TXD[3:0] transition synchronously with respect to TX_CLK.
TXD[0] is the least-significant bit.
I
Transmit Enable.
43
TX_EN
I
The MAC asserts this signal when it drives valid data on TXD.
This signal must be synchronized to TX_CLK.
Transmit Clock.
TX_CLK is sourced by the PHY in both 10 and 100 Mbps
operations.
42
TX_CLK
O
2.5 MHz for 10 Mbps operation
25 MHz for 100 Mbps operation.
33
34
35
36
RXD3
RXD2
RXD1
RXD0
Receive Data.
RXD is a group of parallel signals that transition synchronously with
respect to RX_CLK.
O
RXD[0] is the least-significant bit.
Receive Data Valid.
The LXT972M Transceiver asserts this signal when it drives valid
data on RXD.
37
41
RX_DV
RX_ER
O
O
This output is synchronous to RX_CLK.
Receive Error.
Signals a receive error condition has occurred.
This output is synchronous to RX_CLK.
Receive Clock.
25 MHz for 100 Mbps operation.
2.5 MHz for 10 Mbps operation.
40
48
RX_CLK
O
O
For details, see “Clock Requirements” on page 28 in Chapter 5.0,
“Functional Description”.
Collision Detected.
The LXT972M Transceiver asserts this output when a collision is
detected.
COL
This output remains High for the duration of the collision.
This signal is asynchronous and is inactive during full- duplex
operation.
Carrier Sense.
During half-duplex operation (Register bit 0.8 = 0), the LXT972M
Transceiver asserts this output when either transmitting or receiving
data packets.
1
CRS
O
During full-duplex operation (Register bit 0.8 = 1), CRS is asserted
only during receive.
CRS assertion is asynchronous with respect to RX_CLK. CRS is
de-asserted on loss of carrier, synchronous to RX_CLK.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 5 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver MII controller interface pins.
Table 5. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MII Controller Interface Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
Management Data Clock.
32
MDC
I
Clock for the MDIO serial data channel.
Maximum frequency is 8 MHz.
Management Data Input/Output.
31
MDIO
I/O
Bidirectional serial data channel for PHY/STA communication.
Table 6 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver network interface pins.
Table 6. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Network Interface Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
Pin#
Twisted-Pair Outputs, Positive and Negative.
14
15
TPOP
TPON
AO
During 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T operation, TPOP/N pins drive
IEEE 802.3 compliant pulses onto the line.
Twisted-Pair Inputs, Positive and Negative.
17
18
TPIP
TPIN
AI
During 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T operation, TPIP/N pins receive
differential 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T signals from the line.
Table 7 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver standard bus and interface signals.
Table 7. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Standard Bus and Interface Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
10
11
ADDR0
ADDR1
Address.
I
Set device address.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 8 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver configuration and LED driver pins.
Note: Pull-up/pull-down resistors of 10k Ohms can be implemented if LEDs are not used in the design.
Table 8. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Configuration and LED Driver Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
Reset.
This active Low input is ORed with the control register Reset
bit (Register bit 0.15). The LXT972M Transceiver reset cycle
is extended to 258 μs (nominal) after reset is de-asserted.
4
RESET_L
I
Reference Current Bias.
12
RBIAS
AI
This pin provides bias current for the internal circuitry. Must
be tied to ground through a 22.1 kΩ, 1% resistor.
Reference Clock Input / Crystal Input and Crystal Output.
A 25 MHz crystal oscillator circuit can be connected across XI
and XO. A clock can also be used at XI. Refer to Section
5.3.2, “Clock Requirements” on page 28 in the Functional
Description section.
2
3
REFCLK/XI
XO
AI and
AO
LED Drivers 1-3.
These pins drive LED indicators. Each LED can display one
of several available status conditions as selected by the LED
Configuration Register. (For details, see Table 54, “LED
Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14” on page 87.)
26
27
28
LED/CFG3
LED/CFG2
LEDCFG1
I/O
Configuration Inputs 1-3.
These pins also provide initial configuration settings. (For
details, see Table 13, “Hardware Configuration Settings for
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver” on page 33.)
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 9 lists signal descriptions of the LXT972M Transceiver power, ground, and no-connect pins.
Table 9. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power, Ground, No-Connect Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
GNDA
Type
Signal Description
13
–
Analog Ground.
5, 9, 24,
25, 30,
38
Ground Input/Output.
GND
–
Ground return for digital I/O circuits (VCCIO).
MII Power.
Requires either a 3.3 V or a 2.5 V supply. Must be supplied
from the same source used to power the MAC on the other
side of the MII.
6, 29
VCCIO
–
For the LXT972M Transceiver, VCCIO is 3.3 V.
Analog Power.
16
VCCA
VCCD
NC
–
–
–
Requires a 3.3 V power supply.
Digital Power.
39
Requires a 3.3 V power supply.
No Connection.
7, 8
These pins are not used and must not be terminated.
Table 10 lists signal descriptions of LXT972M Transceiver Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) pins.
Note: If a JTAG port is not used, these pins do not need to be terminated.
Table 10. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver JTAG Test Signal Descriptions
LQFP
Pin#
Symbol
Type
Signal Description
Test Data Input.
19
TDI
I
Test data sampled with respect to the rising edge of TCK.
Test Data Output.
20
21
22
TDO
TMS
TCK
O
I
Test data driven with respect to the falling edge of TCK.
Test Mode Select.
Test Clock.
I
Clock input for boundary scan.
Test Reset.
23
TRST_L
I
This active-low test reset input is sourced by ATE.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 11 lists pin types and modes of the LXT972M Transceiver.
Note:
• DH = Driven High (Logic 1)
• DL = Driven Low (Logic 0)
• HZ = High Impedance
• ID = Internal Pull-Down (Weak)
Table 11. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Pin Types and Modes
Tx/Rx
CLKS
Output
RX_ER
Output
COL
Output Output
CRS
TXD3:0 TX_EN
Input Input
Modes
RXD3:0
RX_DV
HWReset
DL
DL
DH
DL
DL
DL
DL
DL
ID
ID
SFTPWRDN
DL
DL
Active
DL
ID
ID
ID
ID
HZ with
ID
HZ with
ID
HZ with
ID
HZ with
ID
HZ with HZ with
ID ID
ISOLATE
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Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.0
Functional Description
This chapter has the following sections:
• Section 5.1, “Device Overview”
• Section 5.2, “Network Media / Protocol Support”
• Section 5.3, “Operating Requirements”
• Section 5.4, “Initialization”
• Section 5.5, “Establishing Link”
• Section 5.6, “MII Operation”
• Section 5.7, “100 Mbps Operation”
• Section 5.8, “10 Mbps Operation”
• Section 5.9, “Monitoring Operations”
• Section 5.10, “Boundary Scan (JTAG 1149.1) Functions”
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.1
Device Overview
The LXT972M Transceiver is a single-port Fast Ethernet 10/100 transceiver that supports 10 Mbps
and 100 Mbps networks. It complies with applicable requirements of IEEE 802.3. It directly drives
either a 100BASE-TX line or a 10BASE-T line.
5.1.1
Comprehensive Functionality
The LXT972M Transceiver provides a standard Media Independent Interface (MII) for 10/100
MACs. The LXT972M Transceiver performs all functions of the Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS)
and Physical Media Attachment (PMA) sublayer as defined in the IEEE 802.3 100BASE-X
standard. It also performs all functions of the Physical Media Dependent (PMD) sublayer for
100BASE-TX connections.
If the LXT972M Transceiver is not set for forced operation, it uses auto-negotiation/parallel
detection to automatically determine line operating conditions. If the PHY device on the other side
of the link supports auto-negotiation, the LXT972M Transceiver auto-negotiates with it using Fast
Link Pulse (FLP) Bursts. If the PHY partner does not support auto-negotiation, the LXT972M
Transceiver automatically detects the presence of either link pulses (10 Mbps PHY) or Idle
symbols (100 Mbps PHY) and sets its operating conditions accordingly.
The LXT972M Transceiver provides half-duplex and full-duplex operation at 100 Mbps and 10
Mbps.
5.1.2
Optimal Signal Processing Architecture
The LXT972M Transceiver incorporates high-efficiency Optimal Signal Processing (OSP) design
techniques, which combine optimal properties of digital and analog signal processing.
The receiver utilizes decision feedback equalization to increase noise and cross-talk immunity by
as much as 3 dB over an ideal all-analog equalizer. Using OSP mixed-signal processing techniques
in the receive equalizer avoids the quantization noise and calculation truncation errors found in
traditional DSP-based receivers (typically complex DSP engines with A/D converters). This results
in improved receiver noise and cross-talk performance.
The OSP signal processing scheme also requires substantially less computational logic than
traditional DSP-based designs. This lowers power consumption and also reduces the logic
switching noise generated by DSP engines. This logic switching noise can be a considerable source
of EMI generated on the device’s power supplies.
The OSP-based LXT972M Transceiver provides improved data recovery, EMI performance, and
low power consumption.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.2
Network Media / Protocol Support
This section includes the following:
• Section 5.2.1, “10/100 Network Interface”
• Section 5.2.2, “MII Data Interface”
• Section 5.2.3, “Configuration Management Interface”
The LXT972M Transceiver supports both 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet over twisted-
pair.
5.2.1
10/100 Network Interface
The network interface port consists of two differential signal pairs. For specific pin assignments,
see Chapter 4.0, “Signal Descriptions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”.
The LXT972M Transceiver output drivers can generate one of the following outputs:
• 100BASE-TX
• 10BASE-T
When not transmitting data, the LXT972M Transceiver generates IEEE 802.3-compliant link
pulses or idle code. Depending on the mode selected, input signals are decoded as one of the
following:
When not transmitting data, the LXT972M Transceiver generates IEEE 802.3-compliant link
pulses or idle code. Depending on the mode selected, input signals are decoded as one of the
following:
• 100BASE-TX
• 10BASE-T
Auto-negotiation/parallel detection or manual control is used to determine the speed of this
interface.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.2.1.1
Twisted-Pair Interface
The LXT972M Transceiver supports either 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T connections over 100 Ω,
Category 5, Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable. When operating at 100 Mbps, the LXT972M
Transceiver continuously transmits and receives MLT3 symbols. When not transmitting data, the
LXT972M Transceiver generates “IDLE” symbols.
During 10 Mbps operation, Manchester-encoded data is exchanged. When no data is being
exchanged, the line is left in an idle state. Link pulses are transmitted periodically to keep the link
up.
Only a transformer, RJ-45 connector, load resistor, and bypass capacitors are required to complete
this interface. On the transmit side, the LXT972M Transceiver has an active internal termination
and does not require external termination resistors. Intel's patented waveshaping technology shapes
the outgoing signal to help reduce the need for external EMI filters. Four slew rate settings allow
the designer to match the output waveform to the magnetic characteristics. On the receive side, the
internal impedance is high enough that it has no practical effect on the external termination circuit.
(For the slew rate settings, see Table 56, “Transmit Control Register - Address 30, Hex 1E” on
page 89.)
Note: On the LXT972M Transceiver, MDIX crossover (MDIX) is supported by board design.
5.2.1.2
Remote Fault Detection and Reporting
The LXT972M Transceiver supports the remote fault detection and reporting mechanisms.
“Remote Fault” refers to a MAC-to-MAC communication function that is transparent to PHY layer
devices. It is used only during auto-negotiation, and is applicable only to twisted-pair links.
Remote Fault Detection. Register bit 4.13 in the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register is
reserved for Remote Fault indications. It is typically used when re-starting the auto-negotiation
sequence to indicate to the link partner that the link is down because the advertising device
detected a local fault.
When the LXT972M Transceiver receives a Remote Fault indication from its partner during auto-
negotiation, the following occurs:
• Register bit 5.13 in the Link Partner Base Page Ability Register is set.
• Remote Fault Register bit 1.4 in the MII Status Register is set to pass this information to the
local controller.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.2.2
MII Data Interface
The LXT972M Transceiver supports a standard Media Independent Interface (MII). The MII
consists of a data interface and a management interface. The MII Data Interface passes data
between the LXT972M Transceiver and a Media Access Controller (MAC). Separate parallel buses
are provided for transmit and receive. This interface operates at either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps. The
speed is set automatically, once the operating conditions of the network link have been determined.
For details, see Section 5.6, “MII Operation” on page 36.
Increased MII Drive Strength. A higher Media Independent Interface (MII) drive strength may
be desired in some designs to drive signals over longer PCB trace lengths, or over high-capacitive
loads, through multiple vias, or through a connector. The MII drive strength in the LXT972M
Transceiver can be increased by setting Register bit 26.11 through software control. Setting
Register bit 26.11 = 1 through the MDC/MDIO interface sets the MII pins (RXD[3:0], RX_DV,
RX_CLK, RX_ER, COL, CRS, and TX_CLK) to a higher drive strength.
5.2.3
Configuration Management Interface
The LXT972M Transceiver provides both an MDIO interface and a reduced hardware control
interface for device configuration and management.
5.2.3.1
MDIO Management Interface
MDIO management interface topics include the following:
• Section 5.2.3.1.1, “MDIO Addressing for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”
• Section 5.2.3.1.2, “MDIO Frame Structure”
The LXT972M Transceiver supports the IEEE 802.3 MII Management Interface also known as the
Management Data Input/Output (MDIO) Interface. This interface allows upper-layer devices to
monitor and control the state of the LXT972M Transceiver. The MDIO interface consists of a
physical connection, a specific protocol that runs across the connection, and an internal set of
addressable registers.
Some registers are required and their functions are defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard. The
LXT972M Transceiver also supports additional registers for expanded functionality. The
LXT972M Transceiver supports multiple internal registers, each of which is 16 bits wide. Specific
register bits are referenced using an “X.Y” notation, where X is the register number (0-31) and Y is
the bit number (0-15).
5.2.3.1.1 MDIO Addressing for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
The MDIO addressing protocol allows a controller to communicate with multiple LXT972M
Transceivers.As listed in Table 12, pins ADDR[1:0] determine the PHY device address that is
selected.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 12. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver - PHY Device Address Selections
PHY Device
Address
Selected
ADDR1
(Pin 11)
ADDR0
(Pin 10)
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
28
29
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.2.3.1.2 MDIO Frame Structure
The physical interface consists of a data line (MDIO) and clock line (MDC). The frame structure is
shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Read and Write).
MDIO Interface timing is given in Chapter 7.0, “Electrical Specifications”.
Figure 3. Management Interface Read Frame Structure
MDC
MDIO
(Read)
High Z
D0
A4
A3
A0
R4
R3
R0
D14 D1
D15
Z
0
32 "1"s
0
1
1
0
Turn
Around
Data
Read
Idle
Preamble
ST
Op Code
PHY Address
Register Address
Write
B3489-01
Figure 4. Management Interface Write Frame Structure
MDC
MDIO
(Write)
A4
A3
A0
R4
R3
R0
D15
D14
D1
D0
32 "1"s
0
1
0
1
0
1
Turn
Idle
Preamble
ST
Op Code
PHY Address
Register Address
Data
Idle
Around
Write
B3490-01
5.2.3.2
Hardware Control Interface
The LXT972M Transceiver provides a Hardware Control Interface for applications where the
MDIO is not desired. The Hardware Control Interface uses the hardware configuration pins to set
device configuration. For details, see Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration Settings” on
page 33.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.3
Operating Requirements
5.3.1
Power Requirements
The LXT972M Transceiver requires three power supply inputs:
• VCCA
• VCCD
• VCCIO
The digital and analog circuits require 3.3 V supplies (VCCA and VCCD). These inputs may be
supplied from a single source. Each supply input must be de-coupled to ground.
An additional supply may be used for the MII (VCCIO). The supply may be either +2.5 V or
+3.3 V. Also, the inputs on the MII interface are tolerant to 5 V signals from the controller on the
other side of the MII interface. For MII I/O characteristics, see Table 24, “Digital I/O
Characteristics1 - MII Pins” on page 62.
Note: Bring up power supplies as close to the same time as possible.
Note: As a matter of good practice, keep power supplies as clean as possible.
5.3.2
Clock Requirements
5.3.2.1
External Crystal/Oscillator
The LXT972M Transceiver requires a reference clock input that is used to generate transmit
signals and recover receive signals. It may be provided by either of two methods: by connecting a
crystal across the oscillator pins (XI and XO) with load capacitors, or by connecting an external
clock source to pin XI.
The connection of a clock source to the XI pin requires the XO pin to be left open. To minimize
transmit jitter, Intel recommends a crystal-based clock instead of a derived clock (that is, a PLL-
based clock).
A crystal is typically used in NIC applications. An external 25 MHz clock source, rather than a
crystal, is frequently used in switch applications. For clock timing requirements, see Table 25, “I/O
Characteristics - REFCLK/XI and XO Pins” on page 63.
5.3.2.2
MDIO Clock
The MII management channel (MDIO) also requires an external clock. The managed data clock
(MDC) speed is a maximum of 8 MHz. For details, see Table 37, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
MDIO Timing” on page 72.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.4
Initialization
This section includes the following topics:
• Section 5.4.1, “MDIO Control Mode and Hardware Control Mode”
• Section 5.4.2, “Reduced-Power Modes”
• Section 5.4.3, “Reset for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver”
• Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration Settings”
When the LXT972M Transceiver is first powered on, reset, or encounters a link failure state, it
checks the MDIO register configuration bits to determine the line speed and operating conditions
to use for the network link.
Datasheet
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 5 shows the initialization sequence for the LXT972M Transceiver. The configuration bits
may be set by the Hardware Control or MDIO interface.
Figure 5. Initialization Sequence for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Power-up or Reset
Read H/W Control
Interface
Initialize MDIO Registers
Pass Control to MDIO
Interface
Software
Reset?
Yes
Reset MDIO Registers to
values read at H/W
Control Interface at last
Hardware Reset or
Power-Up Reset
B3502-02
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.4.1
MDIO Control Mode and Hardware Control Mode
In the MDIO Control mode, the LXT972M Transceiver reads the Hardware Control Interface pins
to set the initial (default) values of the MDIO registers. Once the initial values are set, bit control
reverts to the MDIO interface.
The following modes are available using MDIO Control.
• Force network link operation to:
— 100BASE-TX, Full-Duplex
— 100BASE-TX, Half-Duplex
— 10BASE-T, Full-Duplex
— 10BASE-T, Half-Duplex
• Allow auto-negotiation/parallel-detection
On power-up or hardware reset, the LXT972M Transceiver reads the Hardware Control Interface
pins and sets the MDIO registers accordingly.
The following modes are available using the Hardware Control:
• Auto-negotiation-enabled advertising, either:
— 10/100 BASE-T Full/Half Duplex
— 10/100 BASE-T Half Duplex
• LXT972M Transceiver device ID enable
• Link Hold-off
When the network link is forced to a specific configuration, the LXT972M Transceiver
immediately begins operating the network interface as commanded. When auto-negotiation is
enabled, the LXT972MTransceiver begins the auto-negotiation/parallel-detection operation.
5.4.2
Reduced-Power Modes
This section discusses the LXT972M Transceiver reduced-power modes.
5.4.2.1
Software Power Down
Software power-down control is provided by Register bit 0.11 in the Control Register. (See
Table 41 on page 76.) During soft power-down, the following conditions are true:
• The network port is shut down.
• The MDIO registers remain accessible.
5.4.3
Reset for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
The LXT972M Transceiver provides both hardware and software resets, each of which manage
differently the configuration control of auto-negotiation, speed, and duplex-mode selection.
For a software reset, Register bit 0.15 = 1. For register bit definitions used for software reset, see
Table 41, “Control Register - Address 0, Hex 0” on page 76.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
• During a software reset, bit settings in Table 45, “Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register -
Address 4, Hex 4” on page 79 are not re-read from the LXT972M Transceiver configuration
pins. Instead, the bit settings revert to the values that were read in during the last hardware
reset. Therefore, any changes to pin values made since the last hardware reset are not detected
during a software reset.
• During a software reset, registers are available for reading. To see when the LXT972M
Transceiver has completed reset, the reset bit can be polled (that is, Register bit 0.15 = 0).
For pin settings used during a hardware reset, see Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration
Settings”. During a hardware reset, configuration settings for auto-negotiation and speed are read
in from pins, and register information is unavailable for 1 ms after de-assertion of the reset.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.4.4
Hardware Configuration Settings
The LXT972M Transceiver provides a hardware option to set the initial device configuration. As
listed in Table 13, the hardware option uses the hardware configuration pins, the settings for which
provide control bits.
Table 13. Hardware Configuration Settings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Resulting Register Bit Values
LED/CFG
Desired Mode
Pin
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement
Register
Settings1
Control Register
100
100
10
10
BASE-TX BASE BASE-T BASE-T
Auto- Speed
Neg.
Full-
Duplex
0.8
Auto-
Neg.
Speed
(Mbps)
Full-
Duplex
-TX
4.7
Full-
Duplex
Duplex
1
2
3
0.12
0.13
4.8
4.6
4.5
Half
Full
L
L
L
L
L
H
L
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
10
N/A
Disabled
Enabled
0
Auto-Negotiation
Advertisement
Half
L
H
H
L
100
Full
L
H
L
Half
H
H
H
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
100
Only
Full/Half
Half Only
L
H
L
1
H
10/100
Full or
Half
H
H
H
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. L = Low, and H = High. For LED/CFG pin assignments, see Chapter 3.0, “Pin Assignments for Intel® LXT972M
Transceiver”.
Datasheet
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.5
Establishing Link
Figure 6 shows an overview of link establishment for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Note: When a link is established by parallel detection, the LXT972M Transceiver sets the duplex mode to
half-duplex, as defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard.
Figure 6. Link Establishment Overview)
Power-Up, Reset,
or Link Failure
Start
Disable
Auto-Negotiation
Enable
0.12 = 0
0.12 = 1
Auto-Neg/Parallel Detection
Check Value
0.12
Go To Forced
Settings
Attempt Auto-
Negotiation
Listen for 100TX
Idle Symbols
Listen for 10T
Link Pulses
YES
NO
Done
Link Up?
B3496-01
5.5.1
Auto-Negotiation
If not configured for forced operation, the LXT972M Transceiver attempts to auto-negotiate with
its link partner by sending Fast Link Pulse (FLP) bursts. Each burst consists of up to 33 link pulses
spaced 62.5 μs apart. Odd link pulses (clock pulses) are always present. Even link pulses (data
pulses) may be absent or present to indicate a ‘0’ or a ‘1’. Each FLP burst exchanges 16 bits of
data, which are referred to as a “link code word”. All devices that support auto-negotiation must
implement the “Base Page” defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard (Registers 4 and 5).
The LXT972M Transceiver also supports the optional “Next Page” function as listed in Table 48,
“Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register - Address 7, Hex 7” on page 82 and Table 49,
“Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register - Address 8, Hex 8” on page 82.
5.5.1.1
Base Page Exchange
By exchanging Base Pages, the LXT972M Transceiver and its link partner communicate their
capabilities to each other. Both sides must receive at least three consecutive identical base pages for
negotiation to continue. Each side identifies the highest common capabilities that both sides
support, and each side configures itself accordingly.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.5.1.2
Manual Next Page Exchange
“Next Page Exchange” information is additional information that exceeds the information required
by Base Page exchange and that is sent by “Next Pages”. The LXT972M Transceiver fully
supports the IEEE 802.3 standard method of negotiation through the Next Page exchange.
The Next Page exchange uses Register 7 to send information and Register 8 to receive it. Next
Page exchange occurs only if both ends of the link partners advertise their ability to exchange Next
Pages. Register bit 6.1 is used to make manual next page exchange easier for software. This
register bit is cleared when a new negotiation occurs, preventing the user from reading an old value
in Register 6 and assuming there is valid information in Registers 5 and 8.
5.5.1.3
Controlling Auto-Negotiation
When auto-negotiation is controlled by software, Intel recommends the following steps:
1. After power-up, power-down, or reset, the power-down recovery time (specified in Table 39,
“Intel® LXT972M Transceiver RESET_L Pulse Width and Recovery Timing” on page 74)
must be exhausted before proceeding.
2. Set the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register bits in Register 4 as desired.
3. Enable auto-negotiation. (Set MDIO Register bit 0.12 = 1.)
4. To ensure proper operation, enable or restart auto-negotiation as soon as possible after writing
to Register 4.
5.5.2
Parallel Detection
In parallel with auto-negotiation, the LXT972M Transceiver also monitors for 10 Mbps Normal
Link Pulses (NLP) or 100 Mbps Idle symbols. If either symbol is detected, the device
automatically reverts to the corresponding speed in half-duplex mode. Parallel detection allows the
LXT972M Transceiver to communicate with devices that do not support auto-negotiation.
When parallel detection resolves a link, the link must be established in half-duplex mode.
According to IEEE standards, the forced link partner cannot be configured to full-duplex. If the
auto-negotiation link partner does not advertise half-duplex capability at the speed of the forced
link partner, link is not established. The IEEE Standard prevents full-duplex-to-half-duplex link
connections.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.6
MII Operation
This section includes the following topics:
• Section 5.6.1, “MII Clocks”
• Section 5.6.2, “Transmit Enable”
• Section 5.6.3, “Receive Data Valid”
• Section 5.6.4, “Carrier Sense”
• Section 5.6.5, “Error Signals”
• Section 5.6.6, “Collision”
• Section 5.6.7, “Loopback”
The LXT972M Transceiver implements the Media Independent Interface (MII) as defined by the
IEEE 802.3 standard. Separate channels are provided for transmitting data from the MAC to the
LXT972M Transceiver (TXD), and for passing data received from the line (RXD) to the MAC.
Each channel has its own clock, data bus, and control signals.
The following signals are used to pass received data to the MAC:
• COL
• CRS
• RX_CLK
• RX_DV
• RX_ER
• RXD[3:0]
The following signals are used to transmit data from the MAC:
• TX_CLK
• TX_EN
• TXD[3:0]
The LXT972M Transceiver supplies both clock signals as well as separate outputs for carrier sense
and collision. Data transmission across the MII is normally implemented in 4-bit-wide nibbles.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.6.1
MII Clocks
The LXT972M Transceiver is the master clock source for data transmission, and it supplies both
MII clocks (RX_CLK and TX_CLK). It automatically sets the clock speeds to match link
conditions.
• When the link is operating at 100 Mbps, the clocks are set to 25 MHz.
• When the link is operating at 10 Mbps, the clocks are set to 2.5 MHz.
Figure 7 through Figure 9 show the clock cycles for each mode.
Note: The transmit data and control signals must always be synchronized to TX_CLK by the MAC. The
LXT972M Transceiver samples these signals on the rising edge of TX_CLK.
Figure 7. Clocking for 10BASE-T
2.5 MHz during auto-negotiation and 10BASE-T Data & Idle
2.5 MHz during auto-negotiation and 10BASE-T Data & Idle
Constant 25 MHz
TX_CLK
RX_CLK
XI
B3390-01
Figure 8. Clocking for 100BASE-X
25 MHz once 100BASE-X
Link Established
2.5 MHz during auto-negotiation
TX_CLK
25 MHz once 100BASE-X
Link Established
2.5 MHz during auto-negotiation
RX_CLK
XI
Constant 25 MHz
B3391-01
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 9. Clocking for Link Down Clock Transition
Link-Down Condition/Auto-Negotiate Enabled
RX_CLK
TX_CLK
2.5 MHz
Clock
Any
Clock
Clock transition time does not exceed
2X the nominal clock period:
10 Mbps = 2.5 MHz
100 Mbps = 25 MHz
B3503-01
5.6.2
5.6.3
Transmit Enable
The MAC must assert TX_EN the same time as the first nibble of preamble and de-assert TX_EN
after the last nibble of the packet.
Receive Data Valid
The LXT972M Transceiver asserts RX_DV when it receives a valid packet. Timing changes
depend on line operating speed:
• For 100BASE-TX links, RX_DV is asserted from the first nibble of preamble to the last nibble
of the data packet.
• For 10BASE-T links, the entire preamble is truncated. RX_DV is asserted with the first nibble
of the Start of Frame Delimiter (SFD) “5D” and remains asserted until the end of the packet.
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.6.4
Carrier Sense
Carrier Sense (CRS) is an asynchronous output.
• CRS is always generated when the LXT972M Transceiver receives a packet from the line.
• CRS is also generated when the LXT972M Transceiver is in half-duplex mode when a packet
is transmitted.
Table 14 summarizes the conditions for assertion of carrier sense, data loopback, and collision
signals. Carrier sense is not generated when a packet is transmitted and in full-duplex mode.
Table 14. Carrier Sense, Loopback, and Collision Conditions
Test
Operational
Loop-
Speed Duplex Condition
Carrier Sense
Loop-
Collision
back1, 2
back1, 2
Full-Duplex
100
Receive Only
Yes
No
No
No
No
None
Mbps
Half-Duplex
Transmit or Receive
Receive Only
Transmit and Receive
None
Full-Duplex
Yes
Half-Duplex,
Register bit 16.8 = 0
10
Mbps
Transmit or Receive
Transmit or Receive
Yes
No
Yes
No
Transmit and Receive
Transmit and Receive
Half-Duplex,
Register bit 16.8 = 1
1. Test Loopback is enabled when Register bit 0.14 = 1.
2. For descriptions of Test Loopback and Operational Loopback, see Section 5.6.7, “Loopback” on page 40.
5.6.5
5.6.6
Error Signals
When the LXT972M Transceiver is in 100 Mbps mode and receives an invalid symbol from the
network, it asserts RX_ER and drives “0101” on the RXD pins.
The TX_ER function that forces ‘H’ symbols out on the TPOP/TPON twisted pair is not
implemented in the LXT972M Transceiver.
Collision
The LXT972M Transceiver asserts its collision signal asynchronously to any clock whenever the
line state is half-duplex and the transmitter and receiver are active at the same time. Table 14
summarizes the conditions for assertion of carrier sense, data loopback, and collision signals.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.6.7
Loopback
The LXT972M Transceiver provides the following loopback functions:
• Section 5.6.7.1, “Operational Loopback”
• Section 5.6.7.2, “Internal Digital Loopback (Test Loopback)”
Figure 10 shows LXT972M Transceiver loopback paths.
Figure 10. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Loopback Paths
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Operational
Test Loopback
Loopback
10T
Loopback
Digital
Block
100X
Loopback
Analog
Block
TX
Driver
MII
B3485-01
5.6.7.1
Operational Loopback
• Operational loopback is provided for 10 Mbps half-duplex links when Register bit 16.8 = 0.
Data that the MAC (TXData) transmits loops back on the receive side of the MII (RXData).
• Operational loopback is not provided for 100 Mbps links, full-duplex links, or when Register
16.8 = 1.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.6.7.2
Internal Digital Loopback (Test Loopback)
A test loopback function is provided for diagnostic testing of the LXT972M Transceiver. During
test loopback, twisted-pair and fiber interfaces are disabled. Data transmitted by the MAC is
internally looped back by the LXT972M Transceiver and returned to the MAC.
Test loopback is available for both 100BASE-TX and 10BASE-T operation, and is enabled by
setting the following register bits:
• Register bit 0.14 = 1 (Setting to enable loopback mode)
• Register bit 0.8 = 1 (Setting for full-duplex mode)
• Register bit 0.12 = 0. (Disable auto-negotiation.)
5.7
100 Mbps Operation
5.7.1
100BASE-X Network Operations
During 100BASE-X operation, the LXT972M Transceiver transmits and receives 5-bit symbols
across the network link.
Figure 11 shows the structure of a standard frame packet in 100BASE-X mode. When the MAC is
not actively transmitting data, the LXT972M Transceiver sends out Idle symbols on the line.
As Figure 11 shows, the MAC starts each transmission with a preamble pattern. As soon as the
LXT972M Transceiver detects the start of preamble, it transmits a Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD,
symbols J and K) to the network. It then encodes and transmits the rest of the packet, including the
balance of the preamble, the SFD, packet data, and CRC.
Once the packet ends, the LXT972M Transceiver transmits the End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD,
symbols T and R) and then returns to transmitting Idle symbols.
For details on the symbols used, see 4B/5B coding listed in Table 15, “4B/5B Coding” on page 46.
Figure 11. 100BASE-X Frame Format
64-Bit Preamble
(8 Octets)
Destination and Source
Address (6 Octets each)
Packet Length
(2 Octets)
Data Field
(Pad to minimum packet size)
Frame Check Field InterFrame Gap / Idle Code
(4 Octets)
(> 12 Octets)
CRC
IFG
SFD
P0 P1 P6
DA DA SA SA L1
L2 D0 D1 Dn
I0
Replaced by
/T/R/ code-groups
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD)
Replaced by
Start-of-Frame
Delimiter (SFD)
/J/K/ code-groups
Start-of-Stream
Delimiter (SSD)
B3466-01
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
As shown in Figure 12, in 100BASE-TX mode, the LXT972M Transceiver scrambles and
transmits the data to the network using MLT-3 line code. MLT-3 signals received from the network
are de-scrambled, decoded, and sent across the MII to the MAC.
Figure 12. 100BASE-TX Data Path
Standard Data Flow
+1
Parallel
to
Serial
D0
D1
D2
D3
0
0
0
Scramble
-1
4B/5B
MLT3
D0 D1 D2 D3
S0 S1 S2 S3 S4
De-
Scramble
Transition = 1.
No Transition = 0.
All transitions must follow
pattern: 0, +1, 0, -1, 0, +1...
Serial
to
Parallel
Scrambler Bypass Data Flow
S0
+1
Parallel
to
Serial
S1
0
0
0
-1
MLT3
S2
S0 S1 S2 S3 S4
Transition = 1.
No Transition = 0.
Serial
to
S3
All transitions must follow
pattern: 0, +1, 0, -1, 0, +1...
Parallel
S4
B3467-01
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 13 shows normal reception with no errors.
Figure 13. 100BASE-TX Reception with No Errors
RX_CLK
RX_DV
preamble SFD SFD DA DA DA DA
RXD<3:0>
CRC
CRC
CRC
CRC
RX_ER
B3468-01
As shown in Figure 14, when the LXT972M Transceiver receives invalid symbols from the line, it
asserts RX_ER.
Figure 14. 100BASE-TX Reception with Invalid Symbol
RX_CLK
RX_DV
preamble SFD SFD DA DA XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX
RXD<3:0>
RX_ER
B3469-01
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.7.2
Collision Indication
Figure 15 shows normal transmission.
Figure 15. 100BASE-TX Transmission with No Errors
TX_CLK
TX_EN
TXD<3:0>
CRS
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
DA DA DA DA DA DA DA DA DA
COL
B3470-01
Upon detection of a collision, the COL output is asserted and remains asserted for the duration of
the collision as shown in Figure 16.
Figure 16. 100BASE-TX Transmission with Collision
TX_CLK
TX_EN
TXD<3:0>
CRS
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
JAM
JAM
JAM
JAM
COL
B3471-01
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.7.3
100BASE-X Protocol Sublayer Operations
With respect to the 7-layer communications model, the LXT972M Transceiver is a Physical Layer
1 (PHY) device.
The LXT972M Transceiver implements the following sublayers of the reference model defined by
the IEEE 802.3 standard, and discussed from the reference model point of view:
• Section 5.7.3.1, “Physical Coding Sublayer”
• Section 5.7.3.2, “Physical Medium Attachment Sublayer”
• Section 5.7.3.3, “Twisted-Pair Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer”
Figure 17 shows the LXT972M Transceiver protocol sublayers.
Figure 17. Intel® LXT972M Protocol Sublayers
MII Interface
Intel® LXT972M
Transceiver
PCS
Encoder/Decoder
Serializer/De-serializer
Sublayer
PMA
Sublayer
Link/Carrier Detect
Scrambler/
De-scrambler
PMD
Sublayer
100BASE-TX
B3514-01
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.7.3.1
Physical Coding Sublayer
The Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) provides the MII interface, as well as the 4B/5B encoding/
decoding function.
For 100BASE-TX operation, the PCS layer provides IDLE symbols to the PMD-layer line driver
as long as TX_EN is de-asserted.
5.7.3.1.1 Preamble Handling
When the MAC asserts TX_EN, the PCS substitutes a /J/K symbol pair, also known as the Start-of-
Stream Delimiter (SSD), for the first two nibbles received across the MII. The PCS layer continues
to encode the remaining MII data, following the 4B/5B coding in Table 15, until TX_EN is de-
asserted. It then returns to supplying IDLE symbols to the line driver.
In the receive direction, the PCS layer performs the opposite function, substituting two preamble
nibbles for the SSD. In 100 Mbps operation, preamble is always passed through the PCS layer to
the MII interface.
Table 15. 4B/5B Coding (Sheet 1 of 2)
4B Code
3 2 1 0
5B Code
4 3 2 1 0
Code Type
Name
Interpretation
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1
undefined
0
1
1 1 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 0
1 0 1 0 1
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 0
1 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0 1
1 1 1 11
Data 0
Data 1
2
Data 2
3
Data 3
4
Data 4
5
Data 5
6
Data 6
7
Data 7
DATA
8
Data 8
9
Data 9
A
B
C
D
E
F
I 1
Data A
Data B
Data C
Data D
Data E
Data F
IDLE
Used as inter-stream fill code
1. The /I/ (Idle) code group is sent continuously between frames.
2. The /J/ and /K/ (SSD) code groups are always sent in pairs, and /K/ follows /J/.
3. The /T/ and /R/ (ESD) code groups are always sent in pairs, and /R/ follows /T/.
4. An /H/ (Error) code group is used to signal an error condition.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 15. 4B/5B Coding (Sheet 2 of 2)
4B Code
3 2 1 0
5B Code
4 3 2 1 0
Code Type
Name
Interpretation
Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD),
part 1 of 2
0 1 0 1
0 1 0 1
J 2
K 2
T 3
R 3
H 4
1 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 0
Start-of-Stream Delimiter (SSD),
part 2 of 2
CONTROL
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD),
part 1 of 2
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
End-of-Stream Delimiter (ESD),
part 2 of 2
Transmit Error. Used to force signaling
errors
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 1
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
INVALID
1. The /I/ (Idle) code group is sent continuously between frames.
2. The /J/ and /K/ (SSD) code groups are always sent in pairs, and /K/ follows /J/.
3. The /T/ and /R/ (ESD) code groups are always sent in pairs, and /R/ follows /T/.
4. An /H/ (Error) code group is used to signal an error condition.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.7.3.2
Physical Medium Attachment Sublayer
5.7.3.2.1 Link
In 100 Mbps mode, link is established when the descrambler becomes locked and remains locked
for approximately 50 ms. Link remains up unless the descrambler receives less than 16 consecutive
idle symbols in any 2 ms period. This operation filters out small noise hits that may disrupt the link.
In 100 Mbps mode, link is established when the descrambler becomes locked and remains locked
for approximately 50 ms. Link remains up unless the descrambler receives less than 16 consecutive
idle symbols in any 2 ms period. This operation filters out small noise hits that may disrupt the link.
For short periods, MLT-3 idle waveforms meet all criteria for 10BASE-T start delimiters. A
working 10BASE-T receive may temporarily indicate link to 100BASE-TX waveforms. However,
the PHY does not bring up a permanent 10 Mbps link.
The LXT972M Transceiver reports link failure through the MII status bits (Register bits 1.2 and
17.10). Link failure causes the LXT972M Transceiver to re-negotiate if auto-negotiation is
enabled.
5.7.3.2.2 Link Failure Override
The LXT972M Transceiver normally transmits data packets only if it detects the link is up. Setting
Register bit 16.14 = 1 overrides this function, allowing the LXT972M Transceiver to transmit data
packets even when the link is down. This feature is provided as a transmit diagnostic tool.
Note: Auto-negotiation must be disabled to transmit data packets in the absence of link. If auto-
negotiation is enabled, the LXT972M Transceiver automatically transmits FLP bursts if the link is
down.
Caution: During normal operation, Intel does not recommend setting Register bit 16.14 for 100 Mbps
receive functions because receive errors may be generated.
5.7.3.2.3 Carrier Sense
For 100BASE-TX links, a start-of-stream delimiter (SSD) or /J/K symbol pair causes assertion of
carrier sense (CRS). An end-of-stream delimiter (ESD) or /T/R symbol pair causes de-assertion of
CRS. The PMA layer also de-asserts CRS if IDLE symbols are received without /T/R. However, in
this case RX_ER is asserted for one clock cycle when CRS is de-asserted.
Intel does not recommend using CRS for Interframe Gap (IFG) timing for the following reasons:
• CRS de-assertion time is slightly longer than CRS assertion time. As a result, an IFG interval
appears somewhat shorter to the MAC than it actually is on the wire.
• CRS de-assertion is not aligned with TX_EN de-assertion on transmit loopbacks in half-
duplex mode.
5.7.3.2.4 Receive Data Valid
The LXT972M Transceiver asserts RX_DV to indicate that the received data maps to valid
symbols. In 100 Mbps operation, RX_DV is active with the first nibble of preamble.
48
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.7.3.3
Twisted-Pair Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer
The twisted-pair Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) layer provides signal scrambling and de-
scrambling functions, line coding and decoding functions (MLT-3 for 100BASE-TX, Manchester
for 10BASE-T), as well as receiving, polarity correction, and baseline wander correction functions.
5.7.3.3.1 Scrambler/Descrambler
The purpose of the scrambler/descrambler is to spread the signal power spectrum and further
reduce EMI using an 11-bit, data-independent polynomial. The receiver automatically decodes the
polynomial whenever IDLE symbols are received.
Scrambler Seeding. Once the transmit data (or Idle symbols) are properly encoded, they are
scrambled to further reduce EMI and to spread the power spectrum using an 11-bit scrambler seed.
Five seed bits are determined by the PHY address, and the remaining bits are hard coded in the
design.
Scrambler Bypass. The scrambler/de-scrambler can be bypassed by setting Register bit 16.12 = 1.
Scrambler bypass is provided for diagnostic and test support.
5.7.3.3.2 Polarity Correction
The 100 Mbps twisted pair signaling is not polarity sensitive. As a result, the polarity status is not a
valid status indicator.
5.7.3.3.3 Baseline Wander Correction
The LXT972M Transceiver provides a baseline wander correction function for when the
LXT972M Transceiver is under network operating conditions. The MLT3 coding scheme used in
100BASE-TX is by definition “unbalanced”. As a result, the average value of the signal voltage
can “wander” significantly over short time intervals (tenths of seconds). This wander can cause
receiver errors at long-line lengths (100 meters) in less robust designs. Exact characteristics of the
wander are completely data dependent.
The LXT972M Transceiver baseline wander correction characteristics allow the device to recover
error-free data while receiving worst-case packets over all cable lengths.
5.7.3.3.4 Programmable Slew Rate Control
The LXT972M Transceiver device supports a programmable slew-rate mechanism whereby one of
four pre-selected slew rates can be used. (For details, see Table 56, “Transmit Control Register -
Address 30, Hex 1E” on page 89.) The slew-rate mechanism allows the designer to optimize the
output waveform to match the characteristics of the magnetics.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.8
10 Mbps Operation
The LXT972M Transceiver operates as a standard 10BASE-T transceiver and supports standard
10 Mbps functions. During 10BASE-T operation, the LXT972M Transceiver transmits and
receives Manchester-encoded data across the network link. When the MAC is not actively
transmitting data, the LXT972M Transceiver drives link pulses onto the line.
In 10BASE-T mode, the polynomial scrambler/de-scrambler is inactive. Manchester-encoded
signals received from the network are decoded by the LXT972M Transceiver and sent across the
MII to the MAC.
Note:
5.8.1
10BASE-T Preamble Handling
The LXT972M Transceiver offers two options for preamble handling, selected by Register bit 16.5.
• In 10BASE-T mode when Register bit 16.5 = 0, the LXT972M Transceiver strips the entire
preamble off of received packets. CRS is asserted coincident with the start of the preamble.
RX_DV is held Low for the duration of the preamble. When RX_DV is asserted, the very first
two nibbles driven by the LXT972M Transceiver are the SFD “5D” hex followed by the body
of the packet.
• In 10BASE-T mode when Register bit 16.5 = 1, the LXT972M Transceiver passes the
preamble through the MII and asserts RX_DV and CRS simultaneously. (In 10BASE-T
loopback, the LXT972M Transceiver loops back whatever the MAC transmits to it, including
the preamble.)
5.8.2
5.8.3
10BASE-T Carrier Sense
For 10BASE-T links, CRS assertion is based on reception of valid preamble, and CRS de-assertion
is based on reception of an end-of-frame (EOF) marker. Register bit 16.7 allows CRS de-assertion
to be synchronized with RX_DV de-assertion. For details, see Table 51, “Configuration Register -
Address 16, Hex 10” on page 84.
10BASE-T Dribble Bits
The LXT972M Transceiver handles dribble bits in all modes. If one to four dribble bits are
received, the nibble is passed across the MII, padded with ones if necessary. If five to seven
dribble bits are received, the second nibble is not sent to the MII bus.
50
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.8.4
10BASE-T Link Integrity Test
In 10BASE-T mode, the LXT972M Transceiver always transmits link pulses.
• If the Link Integrity Test function is enabled (the normal configuration), the LXT972M
Transceiver monitors the connection for link pulses. Once link pulses are detected, data
transmission is enabled and remains enabled as long as either the link pulses or data
transmission continue. If the link pulses stop, the data transmission is disabled.
• If the Link Integrity Test function is disabled (which can be done by setting Configuration
Register bit 16.14 to ‘1’), the LXT972M Transceiver transmits to the connection regardless of
detected link pulses.
5.8.5
Link Failure
Link failure occurs if the Link Integrity Test is enabled and link pulses or packets stop being
received. If this condition occurs, the LXT972M Transceiver returns to the auto-negotiation phase
if auto-negotiation is enabled. If the Link Integrity Test function is disabled by setting
Configuration Register bit 16.14 to ‘1’, the LXT972M Transceiver transmits packets, regardless of
link status.
5.8.6
5.8.7
10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat)
By default, the Signal Quality Error (SQE) or heartbeat function is disabled on the LXT972M
Transceiver. To enable this function, set Register bit 16.9 = 1. When this function is enabled, the
LXT972M Transceiver asserts its COL output for 5 to 15 bit times (BT) after each packet.
10BASE-T Jabber
If a transmission exceeds the jabber timer, the LXT972M Transceiver disables the transmit and
loopback functions. For jabber timing parameters, see Figure 26, “Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing” on page 69.
The LXT972M Transceiver automatically exits jabber mode after the unjabber time has expired.
This function can be disabled by setting Register bit 16.10 = 1.
5.8.8
10BASE-T Polarity Correction
The LXT972M Transceiver automatically detects and corrects for the condition in which the
receive signal (TPIP/N) is inverted. Reversed polarity is detected if eight inverted link pulses - or
four inverted end-of-frame (EOF) markers - are received consecutively. If link pulses or data are
not received by the maximum receive time-out period (96 to 128 ms), the polarity state is reset to a
non-inverted state. When polarity reversal is detected in 10BASE-T operation, register 17.5 is set
to 1. (For details, see bit 17.5 in Table 52, “Status Register #2 - Address 17, Hex 11” on page 85.)
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.9
Monitoring Operations
5.9.1
Monitoring Auto-Negotiation
Auto-negotiation can be monitored as follows:
• Register bit 17.7 is set to ‘1’ once the auto-negotiation process is completed.
• Register bits 1.2 and 17.10 are set to ‘1’ once the link is established.
• Register bits 17.14 and 17.9 can be used to determine the link operating conditions (speed and
duplex).
Note: When the LXT972M Transceiver detects incorrect polarity for a 10BASE-T operation, Register bit
17.5 is set to ‘1’.
5.9.2
Monitoring Next Page Exchange
The LXT972M Transceiver offers an Alternate Next Page mode to simplify the next page
exchange process. Normally, Register bit 6.1 (Page Received) remains set until read. When
Alternate Next Page mode is enabled, Register bit 6.1 is automatically cleared whenever a new
negotiation process takes place. This action prevents the user from reading an old value in bit 6.1
and assuming that Registers 5 and 8 (Partner Ability) contain valid information. Additionally, the
LXT972M Transceiver uses Register bit 6.5 to indicate when the current received page is the base
page. This information is useful for recognizing when next pages must be resent due to a new
negotiation process starting. Register bits 6.1 and 6.5 are cleared when read.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.9.3
LED Functions
The LXT972M Transceiver has these direct LED driver pins: LED/CFG1, LED/CFG2, and LED/
CFG3.
On power-up, all the drivers are asserted for approximately 1 second after reset de-asserts. Each
LED driver can be programmed using the LED Configuration Register (Table 54, “LED
Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14” on page 87) to indicate one of the following
conditions:
• Collision Condition
• Duplex Mode
• Link Status
• Operating Speed
• Receive Activity
• Transmit Activity
The LED drivers can also be programmed to display various combined status conditions. For
example, setting Register bits 20.15:12 to ‘1101’ produces the following combination of Link and
Activity indications:
• If Link is down, LED is off. If activity is detected from the MAC, the LED still blinks even if
the link is down.
• If Link is up, LED is on.
• If Link is up and activity is detected, the LED blinks at the stretch interval selected by Register
bits 20.3:2 and continues to blink as long as activity is present.
For the LXT972M Transceiver, the LED driver pins also provide initial configuration settings. The
LED pins are sensitive to polarity and automatically pull up or pull down to configure for either
open drain or open collector circuits (10 mA Max current rating) as required by the hardware
configuration. For details, see the discussion of “Hardware Configuration Settings” on page 33.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.9.4
LED Pulse Stretching
The LED Configuration Register also provides optional LED pulse stretching to 30, 60, or 100 ms.
The pulse stretch time is extended further if the event occurs again during this pulse stretch period.
When an event such as receiving a packet occurs, the event is edge detected and it starts the stretch
timer. The LED driver remains asserted until the stretch timer expires. If another event occurs
before the stretch timer expires, then the stretch timer is reset and the stretch time is extended.
When a long event (such as duplex status) occurs, the event is edge detected and it starts the stretch
timer. When the stretch timer expires, the edge detector is reset so that a long event causes another
pulse to be generated from the edge detector, which resets the stretch timer and causes the LED
driver to remain asserted.
Figure 18 shows how the stretch operation functions.
Figure 18. LED Pulse Stretching
Event
LED
stretch
stretch
stretch
Note: The direct drive LED outputs in this diagram are shown as active Low.
B3475-01
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Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.10
Boundary Scan (JTAG 1149.1) Functions
The LXT972M Transceiver includes a IEEE 1149.1 boundary scan test port for board level testing.
All digital input, output, and input/output pins are accessible.
Note: For the related BSDL file, contact your local sales office or access the Intel website
(www.intel.com).
5.10.1
Boundary Scan Interface
The boundary scan interface consists of five pins (TMS, TDI, TDO, TRST_L, and TCK). It
includes a state machine, data register array, and instruction register. The TMS and TDI pins are
pulled up internally. TCK is pulled down internally. TDO does not have an internal pull-up or pull-
down.
5.10.2
5.10.3
State Machine
The TAP controller is a state machine, with 16 states driven by the TCK and TMS pins. Upon reset,
the TEST_LOGIC_RESET state is entered. The state machine is also reset when TMS and TDI are
high for five TCK periods.
Instruction Register
After the state machine resets, the IDCODE instruction is always invoked. The decode logic
ensures the correct data flow to the Data registers according to the current instruction.
Table 16 lists valid JTAG instructions for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Table 16. Valid JTAG Instructions
Name
EXTEST
Code
Description
External Test
Mode
Data Register
BSR
1111 1111 1110 1000
1111 1111 1111 1110
1111 1111 1111 1000
1111 1111 1100 1111
1111 1111 1110 1111
1111 1111 1111 1111
Test
IDCODE
SAMPLE
HIGHZ
ID Code Inspection
Sample Boundary
Force Float
Normal
Normal
Normal
Test
ID REG
BSR
Bypass
Bypass
Bypass
CLAMP
BYPASS
Control Boundary to 1/0
Bypass Scan
Normal
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
5.10.4
Boundary Scan Register
Each Boundary Scan Register (BSR) cell has two stages. A flip-flop and a latch are used for the
serial shift stage and the parallel output stage. Table 17 lists the four BSR modes of operation.
Table 17. BSR Mode of Operation
Mode
Description
Capture
1
2
3
4
Shift
Update
System Function
5.10.5
Device ID Register
Table 18 lists the bits for the Device ID register. For the current version of the JEDEC continuation
characters, see the specification update for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Table 18. Device ID Register for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Bits 31:28
Bits 27:12
Bits 11:8
Bits 7:1
Bit 0
Version
Part ID (Hex)
JEDEC Continuation Characters
JEDEC ID1
Reserved
XXXX
03CB
0000
111 1110
1
1. The JEDEC ID is an 8-bit identifier. The MSB is for parity and is ignored. The Intel JEDEC ID is FE
(1111 1110), which becomes 111 1110.
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Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
6.0
Application Information
6.1
Magnetics Information
The LXT972M Transceiver requires a 1:1 ratio for both the receive and transmit transformers. The
transformer isolation voltage should be rated at 2 kV to protect the circuitry from static voltages
across the connectors and cables. For transformer/magnetics requirements, see Table 19.
Note: Before committing to a specific component, contact the manufacturer for current product
specifications and validate the magnetics for the specific application.
Table 19. Magnetics Requirements
Parameter
Min
Nom
Max
Units
Test Condition
Rx turns ratio
–
–
1 : 1
1 : 1
0.6
–
–
–
–
–
Tx turns ratio
–
–
Insertion loss
0.0
350
–
1.1
–
dB
μH
kV
dB
dB
dB
dB
–
–
Primary inductance
Transformer isolation
1.5
–
–
–
40
35
-16
-10
–
0.1 to 60 MHz
60 to 100 MHz
30 MHz
80 MHz
Differential to common mode rejection
Return Loss
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.2
Typical Twisted-Pair Interface
Table 20 provides a comparison of the RJ-45 connections for NIC and Switch applications in a
typical twisted-pair interface setting.
Table 20. I/O Pin Comparison of NIC and Switch RJ-45 Setups
RJ-45
Symbol
Switch
NIC
TPIP
TPIN
1
2
3
6
3
6
1
2
TPOP
TPON
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 19 shows the LXT972M Transceiver in a typical twisted-pair interface, with the RJ-45
connections crossed over for a Switch configuration.
Figure 19. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - Switch
270 pF 5%
TPIP
RJ-45
50Ω 1%
1:1
1:1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.01 μF
50Ω 1%
3
TPIN
50 Ω
50 Ω
50 Ω
270 pF 5%
TPOP
Intel®
LXT972M
Transceiver
2
50 Ω
50 Ω
0.1μF
50 Ω
TPON
1
* = 0.001 μF / 2.0 kV
*
*
4
VCCA
GND
.01μF
0.1μF
B3515-02
1. Center tap current may be supplied from 3.3 V VCCA as shown. Additional power savings may be
realized by supplying the center tap from a 2.5 V current source. A separate ferrite bead (rated at 50
mA) should be used to supply center tap current.
2. The 100 Ω transmit load termination resistor typically required is integrated in the LXT972M
Transceiver.
3. Magnetics without a receive pair center-tap do not require a 2 kV termination.
4. RJ-45 connections shown are for a standard switch application. For a standard NIC RJ-45 setup,
see Figure 20 on page 59.
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Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 20 shows the LXT972M Transceiver in a typical twisted-pair interface, with the RJ-45
connections configured for a NIC application.
Figure 20. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Twisted-Pair Interface - NIC
RJ-45
50 Ω
50 Ω
50 Ω
270 pF 5%
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
TPIN
50Ω 1%
1:1
1:1
50 Ω
50 Ω
0.01 μF
50Ω 1%
3
50 Ω
TPIP
270 pF 5%
TPON
Intel®
LXT972M
Transceiver
2
0.1μF
4
TPOP
1
* = 0.001 μF / 2.0 kV
*
*
VCCA
GND
.01μF
0.1μF
SD/TP_L
B3513-01
1. Center tap current may be supplied from 3.3 V VCCA as shown. Additional power savings may be
realized by supplying the center tap from a 2.5 V current source. A separate ferrite bead (rated at 50
mA) should be used to supply center-tap current.
2. The 100 Ω transmit load termination resistor typically required is integrated in the LXT972M
Transceiver.
3. Magnetics without a receive pair center tap do not require a 2 kV termination.
4. RJ-45 connections shown for standard NIC. TX/RX crossover may be required for repeater and
switch applications.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 21 shows a typical media independent interface (MII) for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Figure 21. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Typical Media Independent Interface
TX_EN
TXD[3:0]
TX_CLK
RX_CLK
Intel®
Trans-
RX_DV
LXT972M
MAC
RJ-45
former
RX_ER
Transceiver
RXD[3:0]
CRS
COL
B3480-02
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Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
7.0
Electrical Specifications
This chapter includes test specifications for the LXT972M Transceiver. These specifications are
guaranteed by test except where noted “by design”.
• Table 21 lists the absolute maximum ratings.
• Table 22 lists the recommended operating conditions.
• Table 23 through Table 39 list the minimum and maximum values that apply over the
recommended operating conditions specified.
7.1
Electrical Parameters
Table 21 lists absolute maximum ratings for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Caution:
• Exceeding the absolute maximum rating values may cause permanent damage.
• Functional operation under these conditions is not implied.
• Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 21. Absolute Maximum Ratings for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Parameter
Sym
Min
Max
Units
Supply Voltage
VCC
TST
-0.3
-65
4.0
V
Storage Temperature
+150
ºC
Table 22 lists the recommended operating conditions for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Table 22. Recommended Operating Conditions for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Recommended operating temperature
Recommended supply voltage2 - Analog and digital
Recommended supply voltage2 - I/O
VCC current - 100 BASE-TX
VCC current - 10 BASE-T
TOPA
Vcca, Vccd
Vccio
ICC
0
3.14
2.35
–
–
3.3
–
70
3.45
3.45
110
82
ºC
V
V
92
66
–
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
ICC
–
Hard Power Down
ICC
–
1
Soft Power Down
Icc
–
51
90
–
Auto-Negotiation
ICC
–
110
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. Voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise specified.
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 23 lists digital I/O characteristics for all pins except the MII, XI/XO, and LED/CFG pins.
Table 23. Digital I/O Characteristics (Except for MII, XI/XO, and LED/CFG Pins)
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ2
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Input Low voltage
Input High voltage
Input current
VIL
VIH
II
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.8
–
V
V
–
2.0
-10
–
–
10
0.4
–
μA
V
0.0 < VI < VCC
IOL = 4 mA
IOH = -4 mA
Output Low voltage
Output High voltage
VOL
VOH
2.4
V
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
Table 24 lists digital I/O characteristics for the MII pins.
Table 24. Digital I/O Characteristics1 - MII Pins
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ2
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Input Low voltage
Input High voltage
Input current
VIL
VIH
II
–
–
–
0.8
–
V
V
–
–
2.0
-10
–
–
10
0.4
–
μA
V
0.0 < VI < VCCIO
Output Low voltage
VOL
VOH
VOH
–
IOL = 4 mA
2.2
2.0
–
–
V
IOH = -4 mA, VCCIO = 3.3 V
IOH = -4 mA, VCCIO = 2.5 V
VCCIO = 2.5 V
Output High voltage
–
–
V
3
Driver output resistance
(Line driver output
enabled)
RO
100
–
Ω
3
RO
–
100
–
Ω
VCCIO = 3.3 V
1. MII digital I/O pins are tolerant to 5 V inputs.
2. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
3. Parameter is guaranteed by design and not subject to production testing.
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 25 lists the I/O characteristics for the REFCLK/XI and XO pins.
Table 25. I/O Characteristics - REFCLK/XI and XO Pins
Parameter
Input Low Voltage
Symbol Min
Typ1
Max
Units
Test Conditions
VIL
VIH
Δf
–
2.0
–
–
–
0.8
–
V
V
–
–
–
–
–
Input High Voltage
Input Clock Frequency Tolerance2
Input Clock Duty Cycle2
Input Capacitance
–
100
65
–
ppm
%
Tdc
CIN
35
–
–
3.0
pF
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. Parameter is guaranteed by design and not subject to production testing.
Table 26 lists the I/O characteristics for the LXT972M Transceiver LED/CFG pins.
Table 26. I/O Characteristics - LED/CFG Pins
Parameter
Input Low Voltage
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
VIL
VIH
II
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.8
–
V
V
–
–
Input High Voltage
Input Current
2.0
-10
–
10
0.4
–
μA
V
0 < VI < VCCIO
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
VOL
VOH
IOL = 10 mA
IOH = -10 mA
2.0
V
Datasheet
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Document Number: 302875-005
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Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 27 lists the 100BASE-TX characteristics.
Table 27. 100BASE-TX Transceiver Characteristics
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Peak differential output voltage
Signal amplitude symmetry
Signal rise/fall time
VP
Vss
TRF
0.95
98
–
–
–
–
1.05
102
5.0
V
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
%
ns
ns
3.0
–
Rise/fall time symmetry
TRFS
0.5
Offset from 16 ns pulse
width at 50% of pulse
peak
Duty cycle distortion
DCD
35
50
65
%
Overshoot/Undershoot
VOS
–
–
–
–
–
5
%
–
–
Jitter (measured differentially)
1.4
ns
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. Measured at the line side of the transformer, line replaced by 100 Ω(+/-1%) resistor.
Table 28 lists the 10BASE-T characteristics.
Table 28. 10BASE-T Transceiver Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Transmitter
With transformer, line
replaced by 100 Ω
resistor
Peak differential output
voltage
VOP
–
2.2
0
2.5
2
2.8
11
V
After line model
specified by IEEE
802.3 for 10BASE-T
MAU
Transition timing jitter added
by the MAU and PLS
sections
ns
Receiver
Receive Input Impedance
ZIN
–
–
22
kΩ
–
–
Differential Squelch
Threshold
VDS
300
420
585
mV
Table 29 lists the 10BASE-T link integrity timing characteristics.
Table 29. 10BASE-T Link Integrity Timing Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
ms
Test Conditions
Time Link Loss Receive
Link Pulse
TLL
TLP
50
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
150
7
–
Link Pulses
–
–
–
–
–
Link Min Receive Timer
Link Max Receive Timer
Link Transmit Period
Link Pulse Width
TLR MIN
TLR MAX
Tlt
2
7
ms
ms
ms
ns
50
8
150
24
150
Tlpw
60
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
64
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
7.2
Timing Diagrams
Figure 22. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Receive Timing
250 ns
0 ns
TPI
t4
t5
CRS
t3
RX_DV
t1
t2
RXD[3:0]
RX_CLK
t6
t7
COL
Note: Timing diagram depicts 4B mode.
B3492-03
Table 30. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Receive Timing Parameters
1
2
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
RXD[3:0], RX_DV, RX_ER3 setup to
RX_CLK High
t1
10
–
–
ns
ns
–
RXD[3:0], RX_DV, RX_ER hold
from RX_CLK High
t2
10
–
–
–
CRS asserted to RXD[3:0], RX_DV
Receive start of “J” to CRS asserted
Receive start of “T” to CRS de-asserted
Receive start of “J” to COL asserted
Receive start of “T” to COL de-asserted
t3
t4
t5
t6
t7
3
–
–
–
–
–
5
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
–
–
–
–
–
12
10
16
17
16
17
22
20
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. BT (Bit Time) is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit
rate. 100BASE-T bit time = 10-8 s or 10 ns.
3. RX_ER is not shown in the figure.
Datasheet
65
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 23. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing
250ns
0ns
t1
TXCLK
TX_EN
t2
TXD[3:0]
TPO
t5
t3
t4
CRS
Note: Timing diagram depicts 4B mode.
B3454-03
Figure 23 does not show the TX_ER signal.
.
Table 31. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing Parameters
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
TXD[3:0], TX_EN setup to TX_CLK
High
t1
12
–
–
ns
–
TXD[3:0], TX_EN hold from TX_CLK
High
t2
0
–
–
ns
–
TX_EN sampled to CRS asserted
TX_EN sampled to CRS de-asserted
t3
t4
20
24
–
–
24
28
BT
BT
–
–
TX_EN sampled to TPO out (Tx
latency)
t5
5.3
–
5.7
BT
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. BT (Bit Time) is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit
rate. 100BASE-T bit time = 10-8 s or 10 ns.
66
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 24. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Receive Timing
RX_CLK
t1 t2
t3
RXD,
RX_DV,
RX_ER
t5
t4
CRS
TPI
t6
t7
t9
t8
COL
B3457-01
Table 32. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Receive Timing
1
Parameter
Sym
Min
Typ
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
RXD, RX_DV. Setup to RX_CLK High.
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER Hold from
RX_CLK High
t2
t3
t4
10
4.2
5
–
–
–
–
ns
BT
BT
–
–
–
TPIP/N in to RXD out (Rx latency)
6.6
32
CRS asserted to RXD, RX_DV,
RX_ER asserted
RXD, RX_DV, RX_ER de-asserted to
CRS de-asserted
t5
0.3
–
0.5
BT
–
TPI in to CRS asserted
t6
t7
t8
t9
2
6
1
5
–
–
–
–
28
10
31
10
BT
BT
BT
BT
–
–
–
–
TPI quiet to CRS de-asserted
TPI in to COL asserted
TPI quiet to COL de-asserted
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. BT (Bit Time) is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit
rate. 10BASE-T bit time = 10-7 s or 100 ns.
Datasheet
67
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 25. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Transmit Timing
TX_CLK
t1
t2
TXD,
TX_EN
t3
t4
CRS
TPO
t5
B3461-01
Table 33. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Transmit Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units2
Test Conditions
TXD, TX_EN, setup to TX_CLK High
TXD, TX_EN, hold from TX_CLK High
TX_EN sampled to CRS asserted
TX_EN sampled to CRS de-asserted
t1
t2
t3
t4
10
0
–
–
2
1
–
–
–
–
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
BT
BT
–
TX_EN sampled to TPO out
(Tx latency)
t5
–
72.5
–
BT
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. BT (Bit Time) is the duration of one bit as transferred to and from the MAC and is the reciprocal of the bit
rate. 10BASE-T bit time = 10-7 s or 100 ns.
68
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 26. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing
TX_EN
TXD
t1
t2
COL
B3455-01
Table 34. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T Jabber and Unjabber Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Maximum transmit time
Unjabber time
t1
t2
20
–
–
150
750
ms
ms
–
–
250
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
Datasheet
69
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 27. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing
TX_CLK
TX_EN
t1
t2
COL
B3458-01
Table 35. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver 10BASE-T SQE (Heartbeat) Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
COL (SQE) Delay after TX_EN off
COL (SQE) Pulse duration
t1
t2
0.65
0.5
–
–
1.6
1.5
us
us
–
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
70
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 28. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Auto-Negotiation and Fast Link Pulse Timing
Clock Pulse
Data Pulse
Clock Pulse
TPOP
t1
t1
t3
t2
B3464-01
Figure 29. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Fast Link Pulse Timing
FLP Burst
FLP Burst
TPOP
t4
t5
B3465-01
Table 36. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Auto-Negotiation / Fast Link Pulse Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Clock/Data pulse width
Clock pulse to Data pulse
Clock pulse to Clock pulse
FLP burst width
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
–
55.5
123
–
100
–
–
63.8
127
–
ns
μs
–
–
–
–
–
–
μs
2
ms
ms
FLP burst to FLP burst
8
12
24
Each clock
pulse or data
pulse
Clock/Data pulses per burst
–
17
–
33
–
1. Typical values are at 25 °C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
Datasheet
71
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 30. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Input Timing
MDC
t2
t1
MDIO
Figure 31. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Output Timing
t4
MDC
t3
MDIO
Table 37. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver MDIO Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
MDIO setup before MDC, sourced
by STA
t1
10
–
–
ns
–
MDIO hold after MDC, sourced by
STA
t2
5
–
–
ns
–
MDC to MDIO output delay,
sourced by PHY
t3
t4
–
–
–
150
–
ns
ns
–
MDC period
125
MDC = 8 MHz
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
72
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 32. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power-Up Timing
v1
t1
VCC
MDIO, and
so on
B3494-01
Table 38. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Power-Up Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
Voltage threshold
Power Up delay2
v1
t1
–
–
2.9
–
–
V
–
–
300
μs
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. Power-up delay is specified as a maximum value because it refers to the PHY guaranteed performance.
The PHY comes out of reset after a delay of no more than 300 μs. System designers should consider this
value as a minimum value. After threshold v1 is reached, the MAC should delay no less than 300 μs before
accessing the MDIO port.
Datasheet
73
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Figure 33. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver RESET_L Pulse Width and Recovery Timing
t1
RESET_L
t2
MDIO, and
so on
B3495-01
Table 39. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver RESET_L Pulse Width and Recovery Timing
1
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Test Conditions
RESET_L pulse width
t1
t2
10
–
–
–
ns
–
–
RESET_L recovery delay2
300
μs
1. Typical values are at 25° C and are for design aid only, not guaranteed, and not subject to production
testing.
2. Reset Recovery Delay is specified as a maximum value because it refers to the PHY guaranteed
performance. The PHY comes out of reset after a delay of no more than 300 μs. System designers should
consider this value as a minimum value. After de-asserting RESET_L, the MAC should delay no less than
300 μs before accessing the MDIO port.
74
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
8.0
Register Definitions - IEEE Base Registers
This chapter includes definitions for the IEEE base registers used by the LXT972M Transceiver.
Chapter 9.0, “Register Definitions - Product-Specific Registers” includes definitions of additional
product-specific LXT972M Transceiver registers, which are defined in accordance with the IEEE
802.3 standard for adding unique device functions.
The LXT972M Transceiver register set has multiple 16-bit registers.
• Table 40 is a register set listing of the IEEE base registers.
• Table 41 through Table 49 provide bit descriptions of the base registers (address 0 through 8),
which are defined in accordance with the “Reconciliation Sublayer and Media Independent
Interface” and “Physical Layer Link Signaling for 10/100 Mbps Auto-Negotiation” sections of
the IEEE 802.3 standard.
Table 40. Register Set for IEEE Base Registers
Address
Register Name
Bit Assignments
See Table 41
0
Control Register
1
Status Register #1
See Table 42.
See Table 43.
See Table 44.
See Table 45
2
PHY Identification Register 1
3
PHY Identification Register 2
4
Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register
Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register
Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register
Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register
1000BASE-T/100BASE-T2 Control Register
1000BASE-T/100BASE-T2 Status Register
Reserved
5
See Table 46.
See Table 47.
See Table 48.
See Table 49.
Not Implemented
Not Implemented
Not Implemented
Not Implemented
6
7
8
9
10
11 to 14
15
Extended Status Register
Datasheet
75
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 41 lists control register bits.
Table 41. Control Register - Address 0, Hex 0
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
R/W
SC
0 = Normal operation
1 = PHY reset
0.15
Reset
0
0 = Disable loopback mode
1 = Enable loopback mode
0.14
Loopback
R/W
0
0.6
0.13
Speed Selected
10 Mbps
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0.13
Speed Selection
R/W
Note 2
100 Mbps
1000 Mbps (not supported)
Reserved
Auto-Negotiation
Enable
0 = Disable auto-negotiation process
1 = Enable auto-negotiation process
0.12
0.11
0.10
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note 2
0 = Normal operation
1 = Power-down
Power-Down
Isolate
0
0
0 = Normal operation
1 = Electrically isolate PHY from MII
R/W
SC
Restart Auto-
Negotiation
0 = Normal operation
1 = Restart auto-negotiation process
0.9
0
0 = Half-duplex
1 = Full-duplex
0.8
0.7
Duplex Mode
Collision Test
R/W
R/W
Note 2
0
0 = Disable COL signal test
1 = Enable COL signal test
X - 0.6
0.13
Speed Selected
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
10 Mbps
0.6
Speed Selection
Reserved
R/W
R/W
0
100 Mbps
1000 Mbps (not supported)
Reserved
0.5:0
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
00000
1. R/W = Read/Write
SC = Self Clearing
2. Some bits have their default values determined at reset by hardware configuration pins. For default details
for these bits, see Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration Settings”.
76
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 42 lists MII status register bits.
Table 42. MII Status Register #1 - Address 1, Hex 1
Bit
Name
100BASE-T4
Not Supported
Description
Type 1
Default
0 = PHY not able to perform 100BASE-T4
1 = PHY able to perform 100BASE-T4
1.15
RO
0
0 = PHY not able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-X
1 = PHY able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-X
1.14 100BASE-X Full-Duplex
1.13 100BASE-X Half-Duplex
RO
RO
1
1
0 = PHY not able to perform half-duplex
100BASE-X
1 = PHY able to perform half-duplex 100BASE-X
0 = PHY not able to operate at 10 Mbps full-duplex
mode
1.12 10 Mbps Full-Duplex
RO
RO
1
1
1 = PHY able to operate at 10 Mbps in full-duplex
mode
0 = PHY not able to operate at 10 Mbps in half-
duplex
1.11 10 Mbps Half-Duplex
100BASE-T2 Full-
1 = PHY able to operate at 10 Mbps in half-duplex
mode
0 = PHY not able to perform full-duplex
100BASE-T2
1 = PHY able to perform full-duplex 100BASE-T2
Duplex
1.10
RO
RO
0
0
Not Supported
100BASE-T2 Half-
Duplex
0 = PHY not able to perform half-duplex
100BASE-T2
1.9
1 = PHY able to perform half-duplex 100BASE-T2
Not Supported
Extended Status
Reserved
0 = No extended status information in register 15
1 = Extended status information in register 15
1.8
1.7
RO
RO
0
0
Ignore when read.
0 = PHY cannot accept management frames with
preamble suppressed
1 = PHY accepts management frames with
preamble suppressed
MF Preamble
Suppression
1.6
RO
0
Auto-Negotiation
complete
0 = Auto-negotiation not complete
1 = Auto-negotiation complete
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
RO
RO/LH
RO
0
0
1
0
0
1
0 = No remote fault condition detected
1 = Remote fault condition detected
Remote Fault
0 = PHY is not able to perform auto-negotiation
1 = PHY is able to perform auto-negotiation
Auto-Negotiation Ability
Link Status
0 = Link is down
1 = Link is up
RO/LL
RO/LH
RO
0 = Jabber condition not detected
1 = Jabber condition detected
Jabber Detect
0 = Basic register capabilities
1 = Extended register capabilities
Extended Capability
1. RO = Read Only
LL = Latching Low
LH = Latching High
Datasheet
77
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
For Table 43 and Table 44, see Figure 34.
Table 43. PHY Identification Register 1 - Address 2, Hex 2
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
The PHY identifier is composed of bits 3 through 18
of the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI).
2.15:0
PHY ID Number
RO
0013 hex
1. RO = Read Only
Table 44. PHY Identification Register 2 - Address 3, Hex 3
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
The PHY identifier is composed of bits 19
through 24 of the OUI.
3.15:10 PHY ID number
RO
RO
011110
Manufacturer’s
3.9:4
6 bits containing manufacturer’s part number.
001110
model number
For current
revision ID
information,
Manufacturer’s
3.3:0
4 bits containing manufacturer’s revision
number.
RO
revision number
see the Specifi-
cation Update.
1. RO = Read Only
Figure 34. PHY Identifier Bit Mapping
Organizationally Unique Identifier (QUI)
a b c
r s
x
PHY ID Register #1 (Address 2) = 0013
PHY ID Register #2 (Address 3)
15
0
15
0
10
0
9
0
4
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0 0
00
20
7B
5
0
3
0
Manufacturer's
Model Number
Revision
Number
Note: The Intel OUI is 00207B hex
B3504-01
78
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 45 lists auto-negotiation advertisement bits.
Table 45. Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register - Address 4, Hex 4
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0 = Port has no ability to send multiple pages.
1 = Port has ability to send multiple pages.
4.15
4.14
4.13
4.12
4.11
Next Page
Reserved
R/W
RO
0
0
0
0
0
Ignore when read.
0 = No remote fault.
1 = Remote fault.
Remote Fault
Reserved
R/W
R/W
R/W
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Asymmetric
Pause
Pause operation defined in IEEE 802.3 Standard,
Clause 40 and 27
0 = Pause operation disabled.
1 = Pause operation enabled for full-duplex links
4.10
Pause
R/W
0
0 = 100BASE-T4 capability is not available.
1 = 100BASE-T4 capability is available.
NOTE: The LXT972M Transceiver does not
support 100BASE-T4 but allows this bit to
be set to advertise in the auto-negotiation
sequence for 100BASE-T4 operation. An
external 100BASE-T4 transceiver can be
switched in if this capability is desired.
4.9
100BASE-T4
R/W
0
100BASE-TX
full-duplex
0 = Port is not 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
1 = Port is 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
4.8
4.7
4.6
4.5
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
Note 2
0 = Port is not 100BASE-TX capable.
1 = Port is 100BASE-TX capable.
100BASE-TX
10BASE-T
full-duplex
0 = Port is not 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
1 = Port is 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
0 = Port is not 10BASE-T capable.
1 = Port is 10BASE-T capable.
10BASE-T
<00001> = IEEE 802.3.
<00010> = IEEE 802.9 ISLAN-16T.
<00000> = Reserved for future auto-negotiation
development.
<11111> = Reserved for future auto-negotiation
development.
Selector Field,
S<4:0>
4.4:0
R/W
00001
NOTE: Unspecified or reserved combinations must
not be transmitted.
1. R/W = Read/Write
RO = Read Only
2. Some bits have their default values determined at reset by hardware configuration pins. For default details
for these bits, see Section 5.4.4, “Hardware Configuration Settings”.
Datasheet
79
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 46 lists auto-negotiation link partner base page ability bits.
Table 46. Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register - Address 5, Hex 5
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0 = Link Partner has no ability to send multiple pages.
1 = Link Partner has ability to send multiple pages.
5.15
Next Page
RO
0
0 = Link Partner has not received Link Code Word
from the LXT972M Transceiver.
1 = Link Partner has received Link Code Word from
5.14
Acknowledge
RO
0
the LXT972M Transceiver.
0 = No remote fault.
1 = Remote fault.
5.13
5.12
Remote Fault
Reserved
RO
RO
0
0
Ignore when read.
Pause operation defined in IEEE 802.3 Standard,
Clause 40 and 27.
Asymmetric
Pause
5.11
RO
0
0 = Link Partner is not Pause capable.
1 = Link Partner is Pause capable.
0 = Link Partner is not Pause capable.
1 = Link Partner is Pause capable.
5.10
5.9
Pause
RO
RO
0
0
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-T4 capable.
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-T4 capable.
100BASE-T4
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-TX full-duplex
capable.
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-TX full-duplex capable.
100BASE-TX
Full-Duplex
5.8
RO
0
0 = Link Partner is not 100BASE-TX capable.
1 = Link Partner is 100BASE-TX capable.
5.7
5.6
5.5
100BASE-TX
RO
RO
RO
0
0
0
10BASE-T
Full-Duplex
0 = Link Partner is not 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
1 = Link Partner is 10BASE-T full-duplex capable.
0 = Link Partner is not 10BASE-T capable.
1 = Link Partner is 10BASE-T capable.
10BASE-T
<00001> = IEEE 802.3.
<00010> = IEEE 802.9 ISLAN-16T.
<00000> = Reserved for future auto-negotiation
development.
Selector Field
S<4:0>
5.4:0
RO
0
<11111> = Reserved for future auto-negotiation
development.
Unspecified or reserved combinations must not be
transmitted.
1. RO = Read Only
80
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 47 lists auto-negotiation expansion bits.
Table 47. Auto-Negotiation Expansion - Address 6, Hex 6
Bit
Name
Reserved
Description
Type 1
Default
6.15:6
Ignore when read.
RO
0
This bit indicates the status of the auto-negotiation
variable base page. It flags synchronization with the
auto-negotiation state diagram, allowing detection of
interrupted links. This bit is used only if Register bit
16.1 (that is, Alternate NP feature) is set.
6.5
Base Page
RO/LH
0
0 = Base page = False (base page not received)
1 = Base page = True (base page received)
Parallel
Detection Fault
0 = Parallel detection fault has not occurred.
1 = Parallel detection fault has occurred.
6.4
6.3
6.2
RO/LH
RO
0
0
1
Link Partner
Next Page Able
0 = Link partner is not next page able.
1 = Link partner is next page able.
0 = Local device is not next page able.
1 = Local device is next page able.
Next Page Able
Page Received
RO
This bit is cleared on Read. If Register bit 16.1 is set,
the Page Received bit is also cleared when either
mr_page_rx = false or transmit_disable = true.
6.1
6.0
RO/LH
RO
0
0
1 = Indicates a new page is received and the received
code word is loaded into Register 5 (Base Pages)
or Register 8 (Next Pages) as specified in Clause
28 of IEEE 802.3.
Link Partner A/N 0 = Link partner is not auto-negotiation able.
Able 1 = Link partner is auto-negotiation able.
1. RO = Read Only LH = Latching High
Datasheet
81
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 48 lists auto-negotiation next page transmit bits.
Table 48. Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register - Address 7, Hex 7
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0 = Last page
1 = Additional next pages follow
7.15
7.14
Next Page (NP)
Reserved
R/W
RO
0
0
Ignore when read.
0 = Register bits 7.10:0 are user defined.
1 = Register bits 7.10.0 follow IEEE message page
format.
Message Page
(MP)
7.13
7.12
R/W
R/W
1
0
Acknowledge 2
(ACK2)
0 = Cannot comply with message
1 = Complies with message
0 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word
equalled logic one
1 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code Word
7.11
Toggle (T)
R/W
R/W
0
equalled logic zero
If Register bits 7.13 = 0, Register bits 7.10:0 are user-
defined.
Message/
Unformatted
Code Field
00000000
001
7.10:0
If Register bits 7.13 = 1, Register bits 7.10:0 follow
IEEE message page format.
1. RO = Read Only. R/W = Read/Write
Table 49 lists auto-negotiation link partner next page receive bits.
Table 49. Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Next Page Receive Register - Address 8, Hex 8
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0 = Link Partner has no additional next pages to
send
8.15
Next Page (NP)
RO
0
1 = Link Partner has additional next pages to send
0 = Link Partner has not received Link Code Word
from LXT972M Transceiver.
1 = Link Partner has received Link Code Word from
8.14
Acknowledge (ACK)
Message Page (MP)
RO
0
LXT972M Transceiver.
0 = Register bits 8.10:0 are user defined.
1 = Register bits 8.10:0 follow IEEE message page
format.
8.13
8.12
RO
RO
0
0
Acknowledge 2
(ACK2)
0 = Link Partner cannot comply with the message
1 = Link Partner complies with the message
0 = Previous value of transmitted Link Code Word
equal to logic one
1 = Previous value of transmitted Link Code Word
equal to logic zero
8.11
Toggle (T)
RO
RO
0
If Register bit 8.13 = 0, Register bits 18.10:0 are
user defined.
Message/Unformatted
Code Field
000000
0000
8.10:0
If Register bit 8.13 = 1, Register bits 18.10:0 follow
IEEE message page format.
1. RO = Read Only.
82
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
9.0
Register Definitions - Product-Specific Registers
This chapter includes definitions of product-specific LXT972M Transceiver registers that are
defined in accordance with the IEEE 802.3 standard for adding unique device functions. (For
definitions of the IEEE base registers used by the LXT972M Transceiver, see Chapter 8.0,
“Register Definitions - IEEE Base Registers”.)
• Table 50 lists the register set of the product-specific registers.
• Table 51 through Table 56 provide bit descriptions of the product-specific registers (address 17
through 30).
Table 50. Register Set for Product-Specific Registers
Address
Register Name
Port Configuration Register
Bit Assignments
See Table 51
16
17
Status Register #2
Reserved
See Table 52
18
19
Status Change Register
LED Configuration Register
Reserved
See Table 53
See Table 54
20
21
22-25
26
Reserved
Digital Configuration Register
Reserved
See Table 55
See Table 56
27
28
Reserved
29
Reserved
30
Transmit Control Register
Reserved
31
Datasheet
83
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 51 lists configuration bits.
Table 51. Configuration Register - Address 16, Hex 10
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
16.15 Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
R/W
0
0 = Normal operation
1 = Force Link pass
16.14 Force Link Pass
R/W
R/W
0
0
0 = Normal operation
1 = Disable Twisted Pair transmitter
16.13 Transmit Disable
Bypass Scrambler
16.12
0 = Normal operation
1 = Bypass Scrambler and Descrambler
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
(100BASE-TX)
16.11 Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Jabber
16.10
0 = Normal operation
1 = Disable Jabber Correction
(10BASE-T)
SQE
16.9
0 = Disable Heart Beat
1 = Enable Heart Beat
R/W
R/W
0
0
(10BASE-T)
0 = Normal operation
1 = Disable TP loopback during half-duplex
operation
TP Loopback
16.8
(10BASE-T)
CRS Select
16.7
0 = Normal Operation
1 = CRS deassert extends to RX_DV deassert
R/W
R/W
1
0
(10BASE-T)
16.6
Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Preamble Enable.
0 = Set RX_DV high coincident with SFD.
1 = Set RX_DV high and RXD = preamble when
CRS is asserted.
16.5
PRE_EN
R/W
0
NOTE: Preamble is always enabled in 100 Mbps
operation.
16.4:3 Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
R/W
R/W
00
0
16.2
16.1
16.0
Reserved
0 = Disable alternate auto negotiate next page
feature.
1 = Enable alternate auto negotiate next page
feature.
Alternate NP
feature
R/W
R/W
0
0
This bit enables or disables the register bit 6.5
capability.
Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
1. R/W = Read /Write
84
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 52 lists register #2 status bits.
Table 52. Status Register #2 - Address 17, Hex 11
Bit
Name
Reserved
Description
Type 1
Default
17.15
Always 0.
RO
0
0 = LXT972M Transceiver is not operating
100BASE-TX mode.
1 = LXT972M Transceiver is operating in
100BASE-TX mode.
17.14
10/100 Mode
RO
0
0 = LXT972M Transceiver is not transmitting a
packet.
17.13
17.12
Transmit Status
Receive Status
RO
RO
0
0
1 = LXT972M Transceiver is transmitting a
packet.
0 = LXT972M Transceiver is not receiving a
packet.
1 = LXT972M Transceiver is receiving a packet.
0 = No collision.
1 = Collision is occurring.
17.11
17.10
17.9
Collision Status
Link
RO
RO
RO
0
0
0
0 = Link is down.
1 = Link is up.
0 = Half-duplex.
1 = Full-duplex.
Duplex Mode
0 = LXT972M Transceiver is in manual mode.
1 = LXT972M Transceiver is in auto-negotiation
mode.
17.8
17.7
Auto-Negotiation
RO
RO
0
0
0 = Auto-negotiation process not completed.
1 = Auto-negotiation process completed.
Auto-Negotiation
Complete
This bit is valid only when auto negotiate is
enabled. The value is equivalent to the value of
Register bit 1.5.
17.6
17.5
Reserved
Polarity
Always 0.
RO
RO
0
0
0 = Polarity is not reversed.
1 = Polarity is reversed.
NOTE: Polarity is not a valid status in 100 Mbps
mode.
0 = The LXT972M Transceiver is not Pause
capable.
1 = The LXT972M Transceiver is Pause capable.
17.4
17:3
Pause
Error
R
0
0
0 = No error occurred
1 = Error occurred (Remote Fault, jabber, parallel
detect fault)
RO
NOTE: The register bit is cleared when the
registers that generate the error condition
are read.
17:2
17:1
17.0
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Always 0.
Always 0.
Always 0.
RO
RO
RO
0
0
0
1. RO = Read Only. R/W = Read/Write
Datasheet
85
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 53 lists status change bits.
Table 53. Status Change Register - Address 19, Hex 13
Bit
Name
Reserved
Description
Type1
Default
19.15:9
19.8
Ignore on Read.
Ignore on Read.
RO
RO
N/A
0
Reserved
Auto-negotiation Status
RO/
SC
19.7
ANDONE
N/A
0 = Auto-negotiation has not completed.
1 = Auto-negotiation has completed.
Speed Change Status
0 = A Speed Change has not occurred since last
reading this register.
1 = A Speed Change has occurred since last
RO/
SC
19.6
SPEEDCHG
DUPLEXCHG
LINKCHG
0
reading this register.
Duplex Change Status
0 = A Duplex Change has not occurred since last
reading this register.
1 = A Duplex Change has occurred since last
RO/
SC
19.5
19.4
0
0
reading this register.
Link Status Change Status
0 = A Link Change has not occurred since last
reading this register.
1 = A Link Change has occurred since last reading
RO/
SC
this register.
19.3
19.2
19.1
19.0
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Ignore on Read.
Ignore on Read.
Ignore on Read.
Ignore on Read.
RO
RO
RO
RO
0
0
0
0
1. R/W = Read/Write, RO = Read Only, SC = Self Clearing.
86
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 54 lists LED configuration bits.
Table 54. LED Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14 (Sheet 1 of 2)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0000 = Display Speed Status (Continuous, Default)
0001 = Display Transmit Status (Stretched)
0010 = Display Receive Status (Stretched)
0011 = Display Collision Status (Stretched)
0100 = Display Link Status (Continuous)
0101 = Display Duplex Status (Continuous)
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity (Stretched)
1000 = Test mode - turn LED on (Continuous)
LED1
20.15:12 Programming 1001 = Test mode - turn LED off (Continuous)
R/W
0000
bits
1010 = Test mode - blink LED fast (Continuous)
1011 = Test mode - blink LED slow (Continuous)
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4
(Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
0000 = Display Speed Status
0001 = Display Transmit Status
0010 = Display Receive Status
0011 = Display Collision Status
0100 = Display Link Status (Default)
0101 = Display Duplex Status
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity
LED2
1000 = Test mode - turn LED on
20.11:8
Programming 1001 = Test mode - turn LED off
R/W
0100
bits
1010 = Test mode - blink LED fast
1011 = Test mode - blink LED slow
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4
(Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
1. R/W = Read /Write. RO = Read Only. LH = Latching High
2. Link status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is up.
The secondary LED driver (Receive or Activity) causes the LED to change state (blink).
Activity causes the LED to blink, regardless of the link status.
3. Combined event LED settings are not affected by Pulse Stretch Register bit 20.1. These display settings
are stretched regardless of the value of 20.1.
4. Duplex status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is full-duplex.
Collision status is the secondary LED driver. The LED changes state (blinks) when a collision occurs.
5. Values are approximations. Not guaranteed or production tested.
Datasheet
87
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 54. LED Configuration Register - Address 20, Hex 14 (Sheet 2 of 2)
Bit
Name
Description
Type 1
Default
0000 = Display Speed Status
0001 = Display Transmit Status
0010 = Display Receive Status (Default)
0011 = Display Collision Status
0100 = Display Link Status
0101 = Display Duplex Status
0110 = Unused
0111 = Display Receive or Transmit Activity
1000 = Test mode- turn LED on
1001 = Test mode- turn LED off
1010 = Test mode- blink LED fast
1011 = Test mode- blink LED slow
1100 = Display Link and Receive Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
LED3
20.7:4
R/W
0010
Programming
bits
1101 = Display Link and Activity Status combined 2
(Stretched)3
1110 = Display Duplex and Collision Status combined 4
(Stretched)3
1111 = Unused
00 = Stretch LED events to 30 ms.
01 = Stretch LED events to 60 ms.
10 = Stretch LED events to 100 ms.
11 = Reserved.
20.3:2
LEDFREQ5
R/W
00
PULSE-
STRETCH
0 = Disable pulse stretching of all LEDs.
1 = Enable pulse stretching of all LEDs.
20.1
20.0
R/W
R/W
1
0
Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
1. R/W = Read /Write. RO = Read Only. LH = Latching High
2. Link status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is up.
The secondary LED driver (Receive or Activity) causes the LED to change state (blink).
Activity causes the LED to blink, regardless of the link status.
3. Combined event LED settings are not affected by Pulse Stretch Register bit 20.1. These display settings
are stretched regardless of the value of 20.1.
4. Duplex status is the primary LED driver. The LED is asserted (solid ON) when the link is full-duplex.
Collision status is the secondary LED driver. The LED changes state (blinks) when a collision occurs.
5. Values are approximations. Not guaranteed or production tested.
Table 55 lists digital configuration bits for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Table 55. Digital Configuration Register - Address 26, Hex 1A
Bit
Name
Reserved
Description
Type 1
Default
26.15:12
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
R/W
0000
MII Drive Strength
26.11
26.10
26.9
MII Drive Strength
Reserved
0 = Normal MII drive strength
1 = Increase MII drive strength
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Show Symbol Error
Show Symbol Error
0 = Normal MII_RXER
1 = 100BASE-X Error Signal to MII_RxER
00000000
0
26.8:0
Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
RO
1. R/W = Read /Write, RO = Read Only
88
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
Table 56 lists transmit control bits.
Table 56. Transmit Control Register - Address 30, Hex 1E
Bit
Name
Description
Type2
Default
30.15:13 Reserved
Write as ‘0’. Ignore on Read.
Transmit Low Power
R/W
000
0 = Normal transmission.
1 = Forces the transmitter into low power mode.
Also forces a zero-differential transmission.
30.12
Transmit Low Power
R/W
0
Port Rise Time Control
00 = 3.0 ns (Default)
01 = 3.4 ns
10 = 3.9 ns
30.11:10 Port Rise Time Control1
R/W
R/W
00
11 = 4.4 ns
0000000
000
30.9:0
Reserved
Ignore on Read.
1. Values are approximations and may vary outside indicated values based upon implementation loading
conditions. Not guaranteed.
2. R/W = Read/Write
3. Latch State during Reset is based on the state of hardware configuration pins at RESET_L.
Datasheet
89
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
10.0
Intel® LXT972M Transceiver Package Specifications
Figure 35. Intel® LXT972M Transceiver LQFP Package Specifications
48-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Pack
Part Number LXT972M - Temperature Range (0ºC to +70ºC)
NOTE: The package figure is generic and used only to demonstrate package dimensions.
NOTE:
D
The 5.500 REF measure is
from the center of first pin
to the center of last pin.
D1
C0.55 (in MM) X 45°
Pin 1
E1
E
3x C0.30 (in MM) X 45°
5.500 REF
(in MM)
B3813-01
Millimeters
Dim
Min
Max
A
–
1.60
0.15
1.45
0.27
9.20
7.10
9.20
7.10
A
0.05
1.35
0.17
8.80
6.90
8.80
6.90
e
e
1
/
2
A
2
B
D
D
1
E
θ3
L1
E
1
A2
A
e
0.50 BSC1
θ
A1
L
0.45
0.75
B
θ3
L
L
1.00 REF
1
θ3
θ
11o
0o
13o
7o
1. Basic Spacing between Centers
90
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
10.1
Top Label Markings
Figure 36 shows a sample LQFP package for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Note:
In contrast to the Pb-Free (RoHS-compliant) LQFP package, the non-RoHS-compliant package
does not have the “e3” symbol in the last line of the package label.
Figure 36. Sample LQFP Package - Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
Part Number
FPO Number
Blank Line
DJ972MA4
XXXXXXXX
‘
YY
M C
Year
Pin 1
B5294-01
Figure 37 shows a sample Pb-Free (RoHS-compliant) LQFP package for the
LXT972M Transceiver.
Figure 37.
Sample Pb-Free (RoHS-Compliant) LQFP Package - Intel® LX972M Transceiver
Part Number
WJ972MA4
FPO Number
XXXXXXXX
Blank Line
Pb-Free Indication
Year
e3
‘
YY
M C
Pin 1
B5295-01
Datasheet
91
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
Intel® LXT972M Single-Port 10/100 Mbps PHY Transceiver
11.0
Product Ordering Information
Table 57 lists product ordering information for the LXT972M Transceiver.
Table 57. Product Ordering Information
Package
Type
RoHS
Compliant
Number
Revision
Pin Count
DJLXT972MLC.A4
WJLXT972MLC.A4
A4
A4
LQFP
LQFP
48
48
No
Yes
Figure 38 shows an order matrix with sample information for ordering an LXT972M Transceiver.
Figure 38. Order Matrix for Intel® LXT972M Transceiver
DJ
LXT
972M
L
C
A4
Product Revision
xn = 2 Alphanumeric characters
Temperature Range
A = Ambient (0 – 550 C)
C = Commercial (0 – 700 C)
E = Extended (-40 – 850 C)
Internal Package Designator
L = LQFP
P = PLCC
N = DIP
Q = PQFP
H = QFP
T = TQFP
B = BGA
C = CBGA
E = TBGA
K = HSBGA (BGA with heat slug
Product Code
xxxxx = 3-5 Digit alphanumeric
IXA Product Prefix
LXT = PHY layer device
IXE = Switching engine
IXF = Formatting device (MAC/Framer)
IXP = Network processor
Intel Package Designator
B4863-02
92
Datasheet
Document Number: 302875-005
Revision Date: 27-Oct-2005
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