LTC4416-1_15_技术文档

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

36V, Low Loss Dual

PowerPath Controllers for

Large PFETs

U

DESCRIPTIO

FEATURES

The LTC^®4416/LTC4416-1 control two sets of external

P-channelMOSFETstocreatetwonearidealdiodefunctions

forpowerswitchovercircuits.Thispermitshighlyefﬁcient

OR’ingofmultiplepowersourcesforextendedbatterylife

and low self heating. When conducting, the voltage drop

acrosstheMOSFETistypically25mV.Forapplicationswith

a wall adapter or other auxiliary power source, the load is

automaticallydisconnectedfromthebatterywhentheaux-

iliarysourceisconnected.

■

Designed Speciﬁcally to Drive Large and Small Q

G

PFETs

■

Very Low Loss Replacement for Power Supply

OR’ing Diodes

■

Wide Operating Voltage Range: 3.6V to 36V

■

–40°C to 125°C Operating Temperature Range

■

Reverse Battery Protection

■

Automatic Switching Between DC Sources

■

Low Quiescent Current: 35µA per Channel

■

Load Current Sharing

MOSFET Gate Protection Clamp

TheLTC4416integratestwointerconnectedPowerPath^TM

controllers with soft switchover control. The “soft-off”

switchoverpermitstheuserstotransferbetweentwodis-

similarvoltageswithoutexcessivevoltageundershoot(or

■

Precision Input Control Comparators for Setting

Switchover Threshold Points

Open-Drain Feedback Points for Customer Speciﬁed

Hysteresis Control

Minimal External Components

■

V

)intheoutputsupply.TheLTC4416/LTC4416-1also

DROOP

containa“fast-on”featurethatdramaticallyincreasesgate

drivecurrentwhentheforwardinputvoltageexceeds25mV.

TheLTC4416“fastoff”featureisengagedwhenthesense

voltageexceedstheinputvoltageby25mV.TheLTC4416-1

enables the fast off under the same conditions and when

the other external P-channel device is selected using the

enablepins.

■

^{Space Saving 10}U^{-Lead MSOP Package}

APPLICATIO S

■

High Current PowerPath Switch

■

Industrial and Automotive Applications

■

Uninterruptible Power Supplies

Thewideoperatingsupplyrangesupportsoperationfromone

toeightLi-Ioncellsinseries.Thelowquiescentcurrent(35µA

perchannel)isindependentoftheloadcurrent.Thegatedriver

includesaninternalvoltageclampforMOSFETprotection.

■

Logic Controlled Power Switch

■

Battery Backup System

■

Emergency Systems with Battery Backups

, LT, LTc and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Teꢀhnology corporation.

PowerPath is a trademark of Linear Teꢀhnology corporation.

All other trademarks are the property of their respeꢀtive owners.

TheLTC4416/LTC4416-1areavailableinlowproﬁle10-lead

MSOPpackages.

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LTC4416 vs Schottky Diode

Forward Voltage Drop

TYPICAL APPLICATIO

8.0

3.6

Automatic PowerPath Switchover

Under and Overvoltage Shutdown Operation

cONSTANT

V1 = 12V (FAIL)

V1 = 13.5V (RESTORE) PRIMARY SUPPLY

R

SUP75P03_07

ON

V

IN

V1

221k

V

75k

182k LTC4416-1

221k

WITH

TH1

LTc4416

LTC4416

HYSTERESIS

V

WITH

HYSTERESIS

TH2

187k

24.9k

E1

V1

G1

H1

G1

cONSTANT

VOLTAGE

GND

E2

24.9k

187k 24.3k

E1

V1

V

OUT

ScHOTTKY

DIODE

GND

TO

V

S

GND

E2

V

S

LOAD

H2

H1

G2

V2

G2

4416 TA01c

H2

0

4416 TA01

V2

0.02

UV ENABLED AT 5V, V RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V RISES TO 5.5V

IN IN

OV ENABLED AT 13.5V, V RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V FALLS TO 12V

IN IN

0.5

SUP75P03_07

BACKUP SUPPLY

V2 = 10.8V

FORWARD VOLTAGE (V)

4416 TA01b

4416fa

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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

W W W U

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W

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ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS

PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO

(Note 1)

TOP VIEW

Supply Voltage (V1, V2).............................. –14V to 40V

H1

E1

GND

E2

H2

1

2

3

4

5

10 G1

Voltage from V1 or V2 to V ....................... –40V to 40V

S

9

8

7

6

V1

V

V2

G2

Input Voltage

S

E1, E2 .................................................... –0.3V to 40V

V ........................................................... –14V to 40V

MS PACKAGE

10-LEAD PLASTIC MSOP

= 130°C, θ = 120°C/W

S

Output Voltage

T

JMAX

JA

G1....... –0.3V to the Higher of V1 + 0.3V or V + 0.3V

S

ORDER PART NUMBER

MS PART MARKING*

G2....... –0.3V to the Higher of V2 + 0.3V or V + 0.3V

S

H1, H2 ..................................................... –0.3V to 7V

Operating Ambient Temperature Range (Note 2)

LTC4416E ............................................ –40°C to 85°C

LTC4416I ........................................... –40°C to 125°C

Operating Junction

Temperature Range................................ –40°C to 125°C

Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) .................. 300°C

LTC4416EMS

LTC4416IMS

LTC4416EMS-1

LTC4416IMS-1

LTCFC

LTCPS

Order Options Tape and Reel: Add #TR

Lead Free: Add #PBF Lead Free Tape and Reel: Add #TRPBF

Lead Free Part Marking: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/

Consult LTC Marketing for parts speciﬁed with wider operating temperature ranges.

*The temperature grade is identiﬁed by a label on the shipping container.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ^The● denotes the speciﬁcations which apply over the full operating

temperature range, otherwise speciﬁcations are at T_A= 25°C. V1 = V2 = 12V, E1 = 2V, E2 = GND, GND = 0V. Current into a pin is

positive and current out of a pin is negative. All voltages are referenced to GND, unless otherwise speciﬁed.

SYMBOL PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNITS

●

V

, V

VS

,

Operating Supply Range

V1, V2 and/or V Must be in This Range for Proper

3.6

36

V

V1 V2

S

Operation

I

Quiescent Supply Current at Low Supply

While in Forward Regulation

V

= 3.6V, V = 3.6V. Measure Combined Current

70

µA

QFL

V1

V2

at V1, V2 and V Pins Averaged with V = 3.560V

S

VS

and V = 3.6V (Note 3)

VS

●

I

Quiescent Supply Current at High Supply V = 36V, V = 36V. Measure Combined Current

While in Forward Regulation

130

QFH

V1

V2

at V1, V2 and V Pins Averaged with V = 35.960V

S VS

and V = 36V (Note 3)

VS

●

I

Quiescent Supply Current at Low Supply

While in Reverse Turn-Off

Quiescent Supply Current at High Supply V = 35.9V, V = 35.9V. Measure Combined

While in Reverse Turn-Off

Quiescent Supply Current at Low Supply

with E1 and E2 Active

Quiescent Supply Current at High Supply V = 36V, V = 36V, V – V = 0.9V,

with E1 and E2 Active

V

= 3.6V, V = 3.6V. Measure Combined Current

70

130

30

µA

QRL

QRH

QCL

QCH

LEAK

V1

V2

at V1, V2 and V Pins with V = 3.7V

S

VS

V1

V2

Current at V1, V2 and V Pins with V = 36V

V

S VS

= 3.6V, V = 3.6V, V – V = 0.9V,

V2 V1 VS

V1

E1

= 0V, V = 2V, V1 and V2 Measured Separately

E2

65

V1

E1

V2

V1

VS

V

= 0V, V = 2V, V1 and V2 Measured Separately

E2

V1, V2 and V Pin Leakage Currents

= V = 28V, V = 0V. Measure I

VS

–10

–1

1

µA

S

V1

V2

VS

When Other Pin Supplies Power (Note 4)

V

= V = 14V, V = –14V. Measure I

V2 VS VS

= V = 36V, V = 8V. Measure I

VS

V2

VS

PowerPath Controller

●

V

PowerPath Switch Forward Regulation

Voltage

PowerPath Switch Reverse Turn-Off

Threshold Voltage

PowerPath Switch Forward Fast-On

Voltage Comparator Threshold

V

C

V

C

V

C

, V – V , 3.6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V,

10

–40

50

40

mV

FR

V1 V2

VS

V1 V2

= C = 3nF

G1

G2

, V – V , 3.6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V,

–10

125

RTO

FO

V1 V2

VS

V1 V2

= C = 3nF

G1

G2

, V – V , 6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V,

mV

V1 V2

VS

V1 V2

G1 G2

= C = 3nF, I , I > 500µA

G1

G2

4416fa

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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ^The● denotes the speciﬁcations which apply over the full operating

temperature range, otherwise speciﬁcations are at T_A= 25°C. V1 = V2 = 12V, E1 = 2V, E2 = GND, GND = 0V. Current into a pin is

positive and current out of a pin is negative. All voltages are referenced to GND, unless otherwise speciﬁed.

SYMBOL PARAMETER

G1, G2 Controller

CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNITS

GATE Active Forward Regulation

I

Source Current

(Note 5)

(Note 6)

(Note 7)

(Note 12)

–9

15

–2

µA

G(SRC)

G(SNK)

G(FO)

Sink Current

Sink Current During Fast-On

Source Current During Fast-Off

200

500

–500

9.1

G(OFF)

●

V

G1 and G2 Clamp Voltage

Apply I = I = 2µA, V = V = 12V,

7.4

8.25

V

G(ON)

G1

G2

V1

V2

V

= 11.8V, Measure V – V or V – V

VS

V1 G1 V2

G2

V

G1 and G2 Off Voltage

Apply I = I = –30µA, V = V = 12V,

0.350

0.920

V

G(OFF)

G1

G2

V1

V2

V

= 12.2V, Measure V – V or V – V

VS

V1 G1 V2

●

t

G1 and G2 Turn-On Time

< –6V, C = 17nF (Note 8)

60

30

6

µs

G(ON)

G(OFF)

E(OFF)

GS

G

G1 and G2 Turn-Off Time

V

> –1.5V, C = 17nF (Note 9)

G

GS

Enable Comparator Turn-Off Delay

(Note 14) LTC4416-1 Only

H1 and H2 Open-Drain Drivers

●

I

H1 and H2 Off Current

H1 and H2 On Voltage

H1 and H2 Turn-On Time

H1 and H2 Turn-Off Time

3.6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V (Note 10)

–1

1

100

5

µA

mV

µs

H(OFF)

V1 V2

V

3.6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V (Note 10)

H(ON)

H(OFF)

V1 V2

t

(Note 11)

10

µs

E1 and E2 Enable Input Comparators

V

E1 and E2 Input Threshold Voltage

3.6V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V, –40°C to 85°C

1.180

1.215

1.240

V

REF

V1 V2

4V ≤ V , V ≤ 36V, –40°C to 125°C

V1 V2

●

I

E1 and E2 Input Leakage Current

0V ≤ V , V ≤ 1.5V

–100

100

nA

E

E1 E2

Source Current When Other Channel

Enabled (Note 13)

LTC4416

G(ENOFF)

–9

–500

–3

µA

LTC4416-1

Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings

may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute

Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device

reliability and lifetime.

Note 8: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and V is stepped from 12.2V to 11.8V

S

to trigger the event. G1 and G2 voltages are initially V

.

G(OFF)

Note 9: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and V is stepped from 11.8V to 12.2V

S

to trigger the event. G1 and G2 voltages are initially V

.

G(ON)

Note 2: The LTC4416E is guaranteed to meet performance speciﬁcations

from 0°C to 85°C. Speciﬁcations over the –40°C to 85°C operating

temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation

with statistical process controls. The LTC4416I is guaranteed and tested

over the –40°C to 125°C operating temperature range.

Note 3: This results in the same supply current as would be observed with

an external P-channel MOSFET connected to the LTC4416 and operating in

forward regulation.

Note 10: H1 and H2 are forced to 2V. E1 and E2 are forced to 1.5V to

measure the off current of H1 and H2. H1 and H2 are forced with 1mA to

measure the on voltage of H1 and H2.

Note 11: H1 and H2 are forced to 2V. E1 and E2 are stepped from 1.3V

to 1.1V to measure t . E1 and E2 are stepped from 1.1V to 1.3V to

S(ON)

measure t

.

S(OFF)

Note 12: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and G1 and G2 are forced to 9V. V is

S

set to 12.05V to measure the source current at either G1 or G2.

Note 4: Only 3 of 9 permutations illustrated. This speciﬁcation is the same

Note 13: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and G1 and G2 are forced to 9V. V

S

when power is provided through V or V2. This speciﬁcation is only valid

S

is set to 12V to measure the source current at either G1 or G2 when the

channel is deselected.

when V1, V2 and V are within 28V of each other.

S

Note 5: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and G1 and G2 are forced to 9V. V is

S

Note 14: V1 and V2 are held at 12V, V = 11.96V and G1 and G2 have a 4k

S

set at 12V to measure the source current at either G1 or G2.

resistor each to 9V. Measure the delay after the channel is disabled until

the gate signal begins to pull high.

Note 6: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and G1 and G2 are forced to 9V. V is

S

set at 11.96V to measure the sink current at either G1 or G2.

Note 7: V1 and V2 are held at 12V and G1 and G2 are forced to 9V. V is

S

set at 11.875V to measure the sink current at either G1 or G2.

4416fa

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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

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TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS

V_FRvs Temperature and Supply

Voltage

V_RTOvs Temperature and Supply

Voltage

Normalized Quiescent Supply

Current vs Temperature

–20

1.20

1.10

1.00

0.90

40

35

30

25

V

= V = V = V

V2 VS VIN

V1

3.6V ≤ V ≤ 36V

VIN

–21

–22

–40°C

27°C

–40°C

27°C

–23

–24

–25

125°C

NORMALIZED AT

V

= 3.6V

= 20V

= 36V

IN

0.80

20

–50 –25

0

25 50 75 100 125 150

20

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

0

5

10 15

25 30 35 40

0

5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

TEMPERATURE (°C)

4416 G03

4416 G02

4416 G01

V1, V2 and V_SPin Leakage vs

Temperature

V_Gn(ON)vs Temperature and V_IN

V_Gn(OFF)vs Temperature and I_Gn

8.95

8.85

8.75

–0.25

–0.50

–0.75

–1.00

–1.25

–1.50

0.50

0.40

0.30

0.20

0.10

0

3.6V ≤ V

I

V

= 2µA

V1

Gn

V

≤ 36V

= V = V

V2

VS

V1

VS

V2

VIN

= V + 200mV

VIN

= V – 200mV

I

: V , V – V = 28V

V1

V1 V2 VS

I

= –20µA

Gn

V

= 10V

IN

: V , V – V = 28V

V2 V1 VS

V2

8.65

8.55

8.45

8.35

8.25

I

= –10µA

V

= 36V

Gn

IN

I

: V , V – V = 28V

VS

VS V1 V2

I

= 0µA

Gn

50

100

0

50

TEMPERATURE (°C)

150

0

50

100

–50

0

–50

100

–50

150

TEMPERATURE (°C)

4416 G04

4416 G05

4416 G06

t_G(ON)vs Temperature

t_G(OFF)vs Temperature

100

75

50

25

0

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

C

V

= 15nF

Gn

VS

= V – 200mV

VIN

V1

≤ 36V

10V ≤ V

t

(µs) AT 36V

G(OFF)

V

V2

t

(µs) AT 10V

(µs) AT 36V

G(ON)

t

(µs) AT 10V

G(OFF)

C

V

= 15nF

Gn

VS

= V + 200mV

VIN

V1

10V ≤ V

V

≤ 36V

V2

50

TEMPERATURE (°C)

–50

0

100

150

50

100

–50

150

0

TEMPERATURE (°C)

4416 G08

4416 G07

4416fa

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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

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PI FU CTIO S

H1 (Pin 1): Open-Drain Comparator Output of the E1 Pin.

the pin will be grounded. The maximum voltage permitted

on this pin is 7V. This pin provides support for setting up

hysterisis to an external resistor network.

If E1 > V , the H1 pin will go high impedance, otherwise

REF

the pin will be grounded. The maximum voltage permitted

on this pin is 7V. This pin provides support for setting up

hysterisis to an external resistor network.

G2 (Pin 6): Second P-Channel MOSFET Power Switch

Gate Drive Pin. This pin is directed by the second power

E1 (Pin 2): LTC4416 Comparator Enable Input. A high

controller to maintain a forward regulation voltage (V )

FR

signal greater than V will enable the V1 path. The ideal

of 25mV between the V2 and V pins when V2 is greater

S

REF

diode action will then determine if the V1 path should turn

on by controlling any PFET(s) connected to the G1 pin.

If the E1 signal is driven low, the V1 path will perform a

“soft-off” provided the PFET(s) are properly conﬁgured

for blocking DC current. An internal current sink will pull

the E1 pin down when the E1 input exceeds 1.5V.

than V . When V2 is less than V , the G2 pin will pull up

S S

to the V pin voltage, turning off the second P-channel

S

power switch.

V2 (Pin 7): Second Input Supply Voltage. Supplies power

to the second power controller and the band-gap refer-

ence. V2 is one of the two voltage sense inputs to the

second internal power controller (the other input to the

E1 (Pin 2): LTC4416-1 Comparator Enable Input. A high

signal greater than V will enable the V1 path. The ideal

second internal power controller is the V pin). This input

REF

S

diode action will then determine if the V1 path should turn

on by controlling any PFET(s) connected to the G1 pin.

If the E1 signal is driven low, the V1 path will be quickly

disabled by enabling the “fast-off” feature, pulling the G1

gatehigh. AninternalcurrentsinkwillpulltheE1pindown

when the E1 input exceeds 1.5V.

is usually supplied power from the second, or backup,

power source. This pin can be bypassed to ground with

a capacitor in the range of 0.1µF to 10µF if needed to

suppress load transients.

V (Pin 8): Power Sense Input Pin. Supplies power to

S

the internal circuitry of both the ﬁrst and second power

controller and the band-gap reference. This pin is also a

voltage sense input to both internal analog controllers

(the other input to the ﬁrst controller is the V1 pin and

the other input to the second controller is the V2 pin.)

This input may also be supplied power from an auxiliary

source which also supplies current to the load.

GND (Pin 3): Ground. This pin provides a power return

path for all the internal circuits.

E2 (Pin 4): LTC4416 Comparator Enable Input. A low

signal less than V

will enable the V2 path. The ideal

REF

diode action will then determine if the V2 path should turn

on by controlling any PFET(s) connected to the G2 pin.

If the E2 signal is driven high, the V2 path will perform a

“soft-off” provided the PFET(s) are properly conﬁgured

for blocking DC current. An internal current sink will pull

the E2 pin down when the E2 input exceeds 1.5V.

V1 (Pin 9): First Input Supply Voltage. Supplies power to

the ﬁrst power controller and the band-gap reference. V1

is one of the two voltage sense inputs to the ﬁrst internal

powercontroller(theotherinputtotheﬁrstinternalpower

controller is the V pin). This input is usually supplied

S

E2 (Pin 4): LTC4416-1 Comparator Enable Input. A low

power from the ﬁrst, or primary, power source. This pin

can be bypassed to ground with a capacitor in the range

of 0.1µF to 10µF if needed to suppress load transients.

signal less than V

will enable the V2 path. The ideal

REF

diode action will then determine if the V2 path should turn

on by controlling any PFET(s) connected to the G2 pin.

If the E2 signal is driven high, the V2 path will be quickly

disabled by enabling the “fast-off” feature, pulling the G2

gatehigh. AninternalcurrentsinkwillpulltheE2pindown

when the E2 input exceeds 1.5V.

G1 (Pin 10): First P-Channel MOSFET Power Switch Gate

Drive Pin. This pin is directed by the ﬁrst power controller

to maintain a forward regulation voltage (V ) of 25mV

FR

between the V1 and V pins when V1 is greater than V .

S

WhenV1islessthanV ,theG1pinwillpulluptotheV pin

S

H2 (Pin 5): Open-Drain Comparator Output of the E2 Pin.

voltage, turning off the ﬁrst P-channel power switch.

If E2 > V , the H2 pin will go high impedance, otherwise

REF

4416fa

ꢄ

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

BLOCK DIAGRA

RAIL1

V1

9

I

8.5V

G(SRC)

G(OFF)

FIRST

ANALOG

CONTROLLER

G1

A1

10

1

V

S

EN2

I

G1

8

G(SNK)

GFON(SNK)

EN1

E1

2

H1

+

–

EN1

C1

V

REF

GND

3

BAND-GAP

REFERENCE

V

REF

RAILBG

RAIL2

EN1

V2

E2

I

8.5V

G(SRC)

G(OFF)

7

4

SECOND

ANALOG

G2

A2

6

5

CONTROLLER

I

G2

G(SNK)

GFON(SNK)

EN2

H2

+

–

C2

V

REF

4416 BD

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OPERATIO

Operation can best be understood by referring to the

BlockDiagram which illustratestheinternalcircuitblocks.

The LTC4416/LTC4416-1 are divided into three sections,

namely:

Each of the three sections has its own derived internal

power supply referred to as a rail. RAIL1 provides power

to the channel 1 controller. RAIL2 provides power to the

channel 2 controller. The internal RAILBG provides power

to the band-gap reference. The internal rail1 derives its

1. The channel 1 controller consisting of A1, C1, the “ﬁrst

analog contoller,” the G1 drivers and the H1 output

driver.

power from the higher voltage of V1 and V . The internal

S

rail2 derives its power from the higher voltage of V2 and

V . RAILBG derives its power from the highest voltage of

S

2. The band-gap reference

V1, V2, and V . All three sections share a common ground

S

connected to the GND pin.

3. The channel 2 controller consisting of A2, C2, the

“second analog controller,” the G2 drivers and the H2

output driver.

4416fa

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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

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OPERATIO

The band-gap reference provides internal bias currents

approachestheforwardregulationvoltage,V ,theI

FR

G(SNK)

VS

, and

used by the channel 1 and channel 2 controllers. It also

current will be proportional to V – V . When V – V

V1

VS

V1

providesaprecisionvoltagereference,V ,usedbycom-

> V , the A1 activates the fast-on condition, t

REF

FON

G(ON)

parators C1 and C2. The band-gap reference is powered

as long as a minimum operational voltage is present on

the I current is set to I

.

G1

GFON(SNK)

either V1, V2, or V .

S

LTC4416 OPERATION

The C1 and C2 comparators provide a ﬁxed comparison

between the E1 and E2 inputs, respectively, and the in-

The interaction of the LTC4416 analog controllers distin-

guish the operation of the LTC4416 from a simple circuit

using two PowerPath controllers. Table 1 explains the

different operation modes of the analog controllers.

ternal V

signal. The comparator outputs are directly

REF

represented by the H1 and H2 open-drain outputs. The

output states of H1 and H2 are not dependent upon

Table 1. LTC4416 Operational Modes

the relative voltage difference between V – V and

V1

VS

E1

E2

Operation Mode

I

G(OFF)2

V

– V , respectively. If V is less than V , the H1

G(OFF)1

V2

VS

E1

REF

1

0

Load Sharing

Enabled

open-drain output will be low impedance to GND. If V

E2

Sense V1 is Less Than V2

is less than V , the H2 open-drain output will be low

REF

Sense

0

V1 is Greater Than V2

Enabled

impedance to GND.

X

Channel 1 Disabled.

Do Not Use

Disabled

The A1 and A2 circuits act both as a high side

transconductance ampliﬁers and as comparators. Both

A1 and A2 act identically when the analog controllers

are fully enabled. The relationship of the G1 current is

represented by Figure 1.

X

0

1

Channel 2 Disabled.

Do Not Use

Disabled

Both Channels Disabled

Disabled

The LTC4416 has six modes of operation. Each mode of

operation is dependent upon the conﬁguration of the E1

and E2 input pins.

When V – V < V , the A1 activates the reverse turn-

V1

VS

RTO

off condition and the I current is I

. When V

<

G1

G(OFF)

RTO

V

G1

– V < V , the A1 acts as a class A output and the

V1

VS FR

Load Sharing Operation

I

current is ﬁxed at I

. As the V – V voltage

G(SRC)

V1

VS

The load sharing mode conﬁgures the LTC4416 into two

independent PowerPath controllers. This is accomplished

by fully enabling both the ﬁrst analog controller and the

second analog controller. Both channels will implement

the gate drive outlined in Figure 1.

I

G1

I

GFON(SNK)

V1 is Less Than V2 Operation

I

G(SNK)

Channel 1 is fully enabled. If V – V < V , channel 1

V1

VS

RTO

V

RTO

will implement all of the I currents listed in Figure 1.

G1

V

– V

VS

V1

V

FON

I

V

G(SRC)

When V is above the V

threshold, channel 2 is in a

REF

FR

E2

“soft-off mode”. This means that G2 will only provide an

current instead of either an I or an I

I

G(SRC)

current.

G(SRC)

G(OFF)

I

G(OFF)

NOT DRAWN TO SCALE

4416 F01

When V is below the V

threshold, channel 2 is fully

REF

E2

enabled, and G2 will become active implementing the I

G

Figure 1. I_G1vs V_V1– V_VS

output current listed in Figure 1.

4416fa

ꢆ

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

U

OPERATIO

Both Channels Disabled

V1 is Greater Than V2 Operation

When both channels of the LTC4416 are disabled, both

When V is below the V

threshold, channel 1 is in

E1

REF

G1 and G2 currents are set to I

.

a “soft-off mode”. This means that G1 will only provide

an I current instead of an I or an I

GFON(SNK)

G(SRC)

G(SNK)

current.

LTC4416-1 OPERATION

When V is above the V

threshold, channel 1 is im-

REF

E1

The LTC4416-1 is designed for overvoltage/undervoltage

protection or when either voltage path must be turned off

rapidly, regardless of the status of the other voltage input.

The LTC4416-1 does not implement the soft-off feature

implemented in the LTC4416. The E1 and E2 inactive will

mediately fully enabled, and G1 will become active imple-

menting the output current listed in Figure 1.

Channel 2 is fully enabled. If V – V < V , channel 2

will implement all of the I currents listed in Figure 1.

V1

VS

RTO

G2

force the I current of their respective channel to I

.

G

G(OFF)

Table 2 explains the operation of the E1 and E2 inputs.

The term “active” implies that I current is forced on

Channel 1 is Disabled

G(OFF)

The LTC4416 is not designed to have channel 1 disabled

by grounding E1 and leaving E2 in an indeterminate state.

If this happens, the channel 2 PowerPath controller will

not have reverse turn-off capability. No electrical harm to

the LTC4416 will occur.

the Gn pins regardless of the V – V value. The term

Vn

VS

“enabled” implies that I

current is provide on the Gn

G(OFF)

pins if and only if V – V < V

.

Vn

VS

RTO

Table.2 LTC4416-1 Operational Modes

E1

0

E2 Operation Mode

I

G(OFF)2

G(OFF)1

Channel 2 is Disabled

X

1

X

0

Undervoltage Protection

Overvoltage Protection

Channel 1 PowerPath

Channel 2 PowerPath

Active

X

Active

The LTC4416 is not designed to have channel 2 disabled

by connecting E2 high and leaving E1 in an indeterminate

state. If this happens, the channel 1 PowerPath controller

willnot havereverse turn-offcapability. No electrical harm

to the LTC4416 will occur.

1

Enabled

X

Enabled

U U

W U

APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO

V1 = 9V (FAIL)

LTC4416

Q1

SUP75P03_07

V1 = 10.8V (RESTORE)

PRIMARY SUPPLY

LTC4416

V1

The LTC4416 is designed to support three major ap-

plications. The ﬁrst two applications assume that V1 is

the primary power source and V2 is the backup power

source. The ﬁrst application is where the V1 power supply

is normally less than V2. The second application is where

the V1 power supply is normally greater than V2. The third

application addresses the load sharing case where both

V1 and V2 are relatively equal in value.

R2A

158k

E1

V1

R2E

105k

R2C

24.9k

H1

GND

E2

G1

GND

V2

V

S

V

S

G2

V2

H2

4416 F02

V1 is Less Than V2

Q2

Q3

V2 = 14.4V

BACKUP SUPPLY

SUP75P03_07

Figure 2 illustrates the external resistor conﬁguration for

this case.

Figure 2

4416fa

ꢇ

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

U U

W U

APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO

V1 = 12V (FAIL)

V1 = 13.5V (RESTORE)

SUP75P03_07

Q1 Q2

ThisconﬁgurationwouldbeusedwhereV1isa12Vpower

supply and the V2 power supply is a 4-cell Li-Ion battery

pack. When V1 is 12V, E2 disables the V2 source from

PRIMARY SUPPLY

V1

GND

V2

R1A

221k

being connected to V through Q2A and Q2B by forcing

S

LTC4416

G2 to V2, H2 is open circuit. E1 is connected to a voltage

R1D

187k

R1C

24.9k

E1

V1

G1

greater than the V to keep the V1 to V path active. The

REF

S

GND

E2

V output can be shut completely off by grounding the E1

S

V

S

input. The LTC4416 takes its power from the higher of V1,

H2

H1

G2

V2

V2 and V . This conﬁguration will provide power from V1

S

to V until the V1 supply drops below 9V.

S

4416 F03

When V1 drops below 9V, the H2 pin closes to GND, G2

Q3

SUP75P03_07

V2 = 10.8V

BACKUP SUPPLY

drops to a V

below V2 and G1 rises to the V volt-

CLAMP

S

Figure 3

age level. V2 will supply current to V until V1 rises above

S

10.8V. The H1 output will be open until the E1 input drops

below the V voltage level.

When V1 drops below 12V, the H1 pin closes to GND,

REF

G2 drops to a V

below V2 and G1 rises to the V1

CLAMP

The V1 V

is determined by:

FAIL

voltage level. V2 will supply current to V until V1 rises

S

above 13.5V. The H2 output will be shorted to GND until

R2A +R2c

V_FAIL= V_ETH

•

the E2 input goes above the V voltage level.

REF

R2c

The V1 V

is determined by:

FAIL

158k +24.9k

=1.222V •

The V1 V

= 8.98V

24.9k

R1A +R1c

V_FAIL= V_ETH

•

R1c

is determined by:

RESTORE

221k +24.9k

R2A + R2c R2E

=1.222V •

=12.07V

(

)

(

)

24.9k

V_RESTORE= V_ETH

•

R2c R2E

The V1 V

is determined by:

RESTORE

158k + 24.9k 105k

(

)

=1.222V •

=10.81V

R1A + R1c R1D

(

)

(

)

24.9k 105k

V_RESTORE= V_ETH

•

R1c R1D

V1 is Greater Than V2

221k + 24.9k 187k

(

)

=1.222V •

=13.51V

Figure 3 illustrates the external resistor conﬁguration for

this case.

24.9k 187k

ThisconﬁgurationwouldbeusedwhereV1isa12Vpower

supply and the V2 power supply is a 3-cell Li-Ion battery

pack.WhenV1is16V,E1enablestheV1sourceasbeingthe

primarysupply,thusdisablingtheV2supplysinceV1>V2.

WhenE1>V ,theH1outputisopen.TheV outputcanbe

Load Sharing

Figure 4 illustrates the conﬁguration for this case.

This conﬁguration would be used where V1 and V2 are

relatively the same voltage. In this case the LTC4416 acts

as two interconnected ideal diode controllers. V will be

REF

S

shut completely off by grounding the H1 input and forcing

S

E2 > V . The LTC4416 takes its power from the higher of

supplied by the higher of the two supplies, V1 and V2. If

V1 and V2 are exactly the same, then 50% of the current

REF

V1, V2 and V . This conﬁguration will provide power from

S

V1 to V until the V1 supply drops below 12V.

for V will be supplied by each supply. As the two supplies

S

4416fa

ꢈ

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

U U

W U

APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO

differ by more than 100mV, 100% of the load will come

from the higher of V1 or V2.

disabled. This rapid turn-off feature is desirable when the

supply cannot tolerate certain voltage excursions under

load, or when the load is being protected from a rapidly

changing input supply.

The user has the option of using E1 and E2 to disable

one of the two supplies by connecting them to a digital

controller. If E1 is brought low, V1 will no longer supply

Under and Overvoltage Shutdown

current to V . If E2 is brought high, V2 will no longer sup-

S

Refer to Figure 6 for an application circuit which disables

the power to the load when the input voltage gets too low

ply current to V . If E1 is brought low and E2 is brought

S

high, V will be disabled.

S

or too high. When V starts from zero volts, the load to

IN

Figure 5 shows the same application without the shut-

down option. It has one-half the losses of Figure 4 and is

conﬁgured for 5V rails.

theoutputisdisableduntilV reaches5.5V.TheV1pathis

IN

enabled and the load remains on the input until the supply

exceeds 13.5V. At that voltage, the V2 path is disabled. As

the input falls, the voltage source will be reconnected to

the load when the input drops to 12V and the V2 path is

enabled. Finally, the load will be removed from the input

supply when the voltage drops below 5V.

Si7483ADP

V1 = 12V

Q1

Q2

V1

LTC4416

E1

E2

E1

V1

G1

H1

GND

E2

TO HOST

CONTROLLER

GND

V2

V

S

V

S

V

IN

G2

V2

R1A

75k

R2A

221k

H2

V

WITH

TH1

R1D

182k

LTC4416-1

HYSTERESIS

V

WITH

TH2

4416 F04

H1

G1

HYSTERESIS

Q3

Q4

V2 = 12V

R2C

24.9k

R2E R1C

187k 24.3k

E1

V1

Si7483ADP

V

OUT

GND

E2

V

S

TO

Figure 4

LOAD

V2

G2

4416 F06

H2

Q1

Si7495DP

UV ENABLED AT 5V, V RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V RISES TO 5.5V

IN IN

OV ENABLED AT 13.5V, V RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V FALLS TO 12V

IN IN

SUPPLY 1

LTC4416

V1

5V

H1

E1

V1

G1

Figure 6

V

S

Undervoltage

GND

E2

V

S

5V

G2

V2

R1A +R1c

H2

V_FAIL= V_ETH

•

R1c

V2

5V

4416 F05

SUPPLY 2

Q2

Si7495DP

75k +24.3k

=1.222V •

= 4.99V

24.3k

Figure 5. Dual PowerPath for Current Sharing

R1A + R1c R1D

(

)

(

)

V_RESTORE= V_ETH

•

LTC4416-1

R1c R1D

The LTC4416-1 will support all three of the LTC4416

applications without the “soft-off” feature. The only dif-

ference in the two designs is the LTC4416-1 will rapidly

switch off the load from a supply whenever a channel is

75k + 24.3k 182k

(

)

=1.222V •

= 5.497V

24.3k 182k

4416fa

ꢀ0

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

U U

W U

APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO

Figure 9 contains a rapidly changing input voltage on a

much smaller time scale in comparison to Figure 8. The

Overvoltage

R2A +R2c||R2E

V_FAIL= V_ETH

•

LTC4416 willrequire the t

timepriorto the rapidpull-

E(OFF)

R2c||R2E

up current being applied. The gate voltage will be pulled

high with I which has a minimum current of 500µA.

221k+24.9k||187k

G(OFF)

=1.222V •

=13.51V

The discharge time of the gate will be dependent on the

capacitance of the external FET and the initial gate-source

voltage of the circuit. The total time delay will equal:

24.9k||187k

R2A +R2c

V_RESTORE= V_ETH

•

R2c

t_DELAY= t_E(OFF)+ t_DIScHARGE

c_GS• ∆V

221k +24.9k

=1.222V •

=12.07V

24.9k

= t_E(OFF)

+

I_G(OFF)

Theoverandundervoltagelockoutcircuitsareshownhere

working in tandem. It is possible to conﬁgure the circuit

for either over or undervoltage lockout by using only one

of the voltage paths and eliminating the components from

the other. Refer to Figure 7 for an LTC4416-1 conﬁgured

for overvotlage protection. If the input does not go below

ground, transistor Q1 can be eliminated.

20

V

OUT

LTC4416

15

10

5

V

OUT

LTC4416-1

V

OUT

TheLTC4416-1shouldbeusedinthisconﬁgurationrather

than the LTC4416 because the LTC4416-1 will turn-off

rapidly if an over or undervoltage condition is detected.

RefertoFigure8foracomparisonofthetransientresponse

of the two ICs using the circuit conﬁguration of Figure 6.

The LTC4416 will not turn-off quickly in an overvoltage

or undervoltage condition because the “fast-off” feature

is not enabled. This will cause the output to travel beyond

the desired range.

LTC4416-1

V

IN

V

OUT

LTC4416

0

20

40

60

80

TIME (ms)

4416 F08

Figure 8. Transient Response of the LTC4416 vs the LTC4416-1

Light Load with a Large Capacitor on V_OUT

13.60

13.55

13.50

13.45

13.40

0

V

IN

Q1

Q2

V

LTC4416

IN

LTC4416-1

R1A

100k

R2A

221k

GATE DISCHARGE TIME

LTC4416-1

∆V

G(OFF)

V

WITH

TH2

= C

I

H1

G1

HYSTERESIS

R2C

24.9k

t

R2E

187k

E(OFF)

E1

V1

V

OUT

GND

E2

V

S

TO

LOAD

V2

G2

0

5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40

TIME (µs)

4416 F07

H2

4416 F09

Figure 7. LTC4416-1 Conﬁgured for Overvoltage Protection

Figure 9. Close Up of the Transient Response of the LTC4416-1

to a Rapidly Rising Input

4416fa

Information furnished by Linear Teꢀhnology corporation is believed to be aꢀꢀurate and reliable.

However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Teꢀhnology corporation makes no represen-

tation that the interꢀonneꢀtion of its ꢀirꢀuits as desꢀribed herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.

ꢀꢀ

LTC4416/LTC4416-1

U

PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO

MS Package

10-Lead Plastic MSOP

(Referenꢀe LTc DWG # 05-08-1661)

DETAIL “A”

0.254

(.010)

0.889 ± 0.127

(.035 ± .005)

0° – 6° TYP

GAUGE PLANE

3.00 ± 0.102

(.118 ± .004)

(NOTE 3)

5.23

3.20 – 3.45

(.206)

0.53 ± 0.152

(.021 ± .006)

0.497 ± 0.076

(.0196 ± .003)

REF

(.126 – .136)

MIN

0.86

(.034)

REF

1.10

(.043)

MAX

10 9

8

7 6

DETAIL “A”

0.18

(.007)

0.50

(.0197)

BSc

0.305 ± 0.038

(.0120 ± .0015)

TYP

3.00 ± 0.102

(.118 ± .004)

(NOTE 4)

SEATING

PLANE

4.90 ± 0.152

(.193 ± .006)

0.17 – 0.27

(.007 – .011)

TYP

0.127 ± 0.076

(.005 ± .003)

REcOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT

0.50

(.0197)

BSc

NOTE:

1. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETER/(INcH)

2. DRAWING NOT TO ScALE

MSOP (MS) 0603

1

2

3

4 5

3. DIMENSION DOES NOT INcLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS.

MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXcEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE

4. DIMENSION DOES NOT INcLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS.

INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXcEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE

5. LEAD cOPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.102mm (.004") MAX

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Package

ThinSOT is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation.

4416fa

LT 0507 REV A • PRINTED IN USA

LinearTechnology Corporation

1630 Mꢀcarthy Blvd., Milpitas, cA 95035-7417

ꢀꢁ

●

 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2005

(408)432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.ꢀom


型号：	LTC4416-1_15
厂家：	Linear
描述：	36V, Low Loss Dual PowerPath Controllers for Large PFETs
文件：	总12页 (文件大小：256K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

LTC4416-1_15 [Linear]

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