MAX22203ATU+ [MAXIM]
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor Driver with Integrated Current Sense;
| 型号： | MAX22203ATU+ |
| 厂家： | 
MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS |
| 描述： | 65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor Driver with Integrated Current Sense |
| 文件： | 总23页 (文件大小：411K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
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MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper
Motor Driver with Integrated Current Sense
General Description
Benefits and Features
The MAX22203 is a dual 65V, 3.8A
H-Bridge with
● Two H-Bridges with 65V Maximum Operating Voltage
MAX
PWM inputs and accurate Current Drive Regulation
(CDR). Each H-Bridge can be controlled individually and
• Total R (High-Side + Low-Side): 300mΩ typical
ON
(T = 25°C)
A
has a very low typical R
(high-side + low-side) of 0.3Ω,
ON
● Current Ratings Per H-Bridge (Typical at 25°C):
resulting in high driving efficiency and low heat generation.
The MAX22203 can be used to drive two Brushed DC mo-
tors or a single Stepper Motor.
• I
= 3.8A (Impulsive Current for Driving
MAX
Capacitive Loads)
• I
= 3A (Maximum Current Setting for
TRIP_MAX
The integrated CDR can limit the start up or stall the cur-
rent of a Brushed DC motor or control the phase current
for stepper operation.
Internal Current Drive Regulation)
• I
= 2A
RMS
RMS
● Integrated Current Drive Regulation (CDR)
• Internal Current Sensing (ICS) Eliminates External
Bulky Resistors and Improves Efficiency
• Current Drive Regulation Monitor Output Pins
(CDRA and CDRB)
The bridge output current is sensed by a non-dissipative
Integrated Current Sensing (ICS) eliminating the bulky ex-
ternal power resistors (which are normally required for this
function) and compared with a configurable threshold cur-
rent (I
). The I
threshold can be set independently
• Multiple Decay Modes (Slow, Mixed, Fast)
• Fixed Off Time Configurable with External
Resistance.
TRIP
TRIP
for the two full bridges by connecting the external resistors
to pins R and R
.
EFB
EFA
The maximum output current per H-Bridge is I
= 3.8A
● Current-Sense Output (Current Monitor)
● Fault Indicator Pin (FAULT)
● Protections
MAX
and is limited by the Overcurrent Protection (OCP) circuit.
This current can be driven for very short transients and
is aimed to effectively drive small capacitive loads. The
maximum user-configurable current regulation threshold is
• Overcurrent Protection for Each Individual Channel
(OCP)
I
= 3A. The maximum RMS current (I
) per
• Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
TRIP_MAX
RMS
H-Bridge is 2A
on a standard JEDEC 4-layer board.
• Thermal Shutdown (TSD) T = +165°C
RMS
J
The maximum RMS current can be limited by thermal con-
siderations and depends on the thermal characteristic of
the application (PCB ground planes, heat sinks, forced air
ventilation, etc).
● TQFN38 5mm x 7mm package (TSSOP38 4.4mm x
9.7mm available in the future)
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
The MAX22203 features Overcurrent Protection (OCP),
Thermal Shutdown (TSD), and Undervoltage Lockout
(UVLO). An open-drain active low nFAULT pin is activated
every time a fault condition is detected. During Thermal
Shutdown and Undervoltage Lockout, the driver is tristat-
ed until normal operations are restored.
The MAX22203 is packaged into a small TQFN38 5mm x
7mm package.
Applications
● Brushed DC Motor Driver
● Stepper Motor Driver
● Solenoid Driver
● Latched Valves
19-101012; Rev 0; 5/21
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Simplified Block Diagram
C
C
V
V
P1
P2
CP
M
V
ROFF
SLEEP
FAULT
DD
MAX22203
PROTECTIONS
OCP
CHARGE
PUMP
1.8V
REGULATOR
UVLO
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
V
M
1:N
VDD
VCP
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
IREF
OUT1A
VREFIN
CONTROL
LOGIC AND
LEVEL
SHIFTERS
REFA
ENA
V
M
VCP
DIN2A
DIN1A
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT2A
LIMITER PWM
COMPARATOR
CURRENT
SENSE
PGND
IREF
CDRA
ISENA
DECAY1
DECAY2
DECAY
DECAY MODE
SEL
V
M
1:N
VDD
VCP
IREF
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT1B
VREFIN
CONTROL
LOGIC AND
LEVEL
REFB
ENB
V
M
SHIFTERS
VCP
DIN2B
DIN1B
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT2B
LIMITER PWM
COMPARATOR
CURRENT
SENSE
PGND
IREF
CDRB
ISENB
AGND
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Maxim Integrated | 2
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Benefits and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Simplified Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
TQFN 38 - 5x7mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Typical Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Pin Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Detailed Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Sleep Mode (SLEEP Pin). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
PWM Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Current-Sense Output (CSO) - Current Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Current Drive Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Integrated Current Sense (ICS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Setting the Current Regulation Threshold – Pin REF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Setting the Fixed OFF_TIME (t
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
OFF
CDR Open-Drain Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Setting the Decay Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Overcurrent Protection (OCP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Thermal Shutdown Protection (TSD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Undervoltage Lockout Protection (UVLO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Applications Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Recommended Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Typical Application Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Application Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
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Maxim Integrated | 3
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. ISEN Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 2. CDR Monitor Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 3. Current Flow During ON and Decay Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 4. Recommended Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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Maxim Integrated | 4
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. MAX22203 Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 2. Decay Mode Truth Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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Maxim Integrated | 5
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Absolute Maximum Ratings
M
V
to GND ............................................................. -0.3V to +70V
ROFF to GND ........................... -0.3V to min(+2.2V, V
ISEN_ to GND..............................-0.3 to min(+2.2V, V
+ 0.3V)
+ 0.3V)
DD
DD
V
DD
to GND.................................-0.3V to min(+2.2V, V + 0.3V)
M
PGND to GND ....................................................... -0.3V to +0.3V
DIN_ to GND............................................................... -0.3V to 6V
EN_ to GND................................................................ -0.3V to 6V
DECAY_ to GND......................................................... -0.3V to 6V
OUT_.............................................................. -0.3V to V + 0.3V
M
V
CP
to GND............................. V - 0.3V to min(+74V, V + 6V)
M M
C
P2
to GND........................................... V - 0.3V to V + 0.3V
CP
SLEEP to GND ............................ -0.3V to Min(+70V, V + 0.3V)
M
M
C
to GND.................................................... -0.3V to V + 0.3V
Operating Temperature Range.............................-40°C to 125°C
Junction Temperature.......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range ..............................-65°C to +150°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow) ..........................................260°C
P1
M
FAULT to GND ........................................................... -0.3V to 6V
CDR_ to GND............................................................. -0.3V to 6V
REF_ to GND ............................-0.3V to min(+2.2V, V
+ 0.3V)
DD
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the
device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
Package Information
TQFN 38 - 5x7mm
Package Code
T3857-1C
21-0172
90-0076
Outline Number
Land Pattern Number
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θ
)
38°C/W
1°C/W
JA
Junction to Case (θ
)
JC
Thermal Resistance, Four-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θ
)
28°C/W
1°C/W
JA
Junction to Case (θ
)
JC
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates
RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal
considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
Electrical Characteristics
(V = +36V, R
= from 15kΩ to 120kΩ , R
= from 12kΩ to 72kΩ , Limits are 100% tested at T = +25°C. Limits over the
REF_ A
M
ROFF
operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked
"GBD" are guaranteed by design and not production tested.)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLY
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Supply Voltage Range
V
4.5
65
20
V
M
Sleep Mode Current
consumption
I
I
SLEEP = logic low
SLEEP = logic high
μA
VM
VM
Quiescent Current
Consumption
5
mA
V
1.8V Regulator Output
Voltage
V
VDD
V
V
= +4.5V, I = 20mA
LOAD
1.8
M
V
DD
Current Limit
I
shorted to GND
18
mA
V
VDD(LIM)
DD
Charge Pump Voltage
V
CP
V
+ 2.7
M
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Maxim Integrated | 6
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(V = +36V, R
M
= from 15kΩ to 120kΩ , R
= from 12kΩ to 72kΩ , Limits are 100% tested at T = +25°C. Limits over the
REF_ A
ROFF
operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked
"GBD" are guaranteed by design and not production tested.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
LOGIC LEVEL INPUTS-OUTPUTS
Input Voltage Level -
High
V
1.2
V
V
IH
Input Voltage Level -
Low
V
0.65
IL
Input Hysteresis
Pulldown Current
V
110
34
mV
μA
HYS
I
Logic supply (V ) = +3.3V
16
60
PD
L
Open-Drain Output
Logic-Low Voltage
V
OL
I
= 5mA
0.4
V
LOAD
Open-Drain Output
Logic-High Leakage
Current
I
V
PIN
= +3.3V
-1
1
μA
OH
SLEEP Voltage Level
High
V
0.9
V
V
IH(SLEEP)
SLEEP Voltage Level
Low
V
0.6
IL(SLEEP)
SLEEP Pulldown Input
Resistance
R
0.8
1.5
MΩ
PD(SLEEP)
OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Output ON-Resistance
Low Side
R
150
150
270
mΩ
mΩ
ON(LS)
Output ON-Resistance
High Side
R
300
12
ON(HS)
Output Leakage
I
Driver OFF
-12
μA
ns
LEAK
Dead Time
t
100
300
DEAD
SR
Output Slew Rate
PROTECTION CIRCUITS
V/μs
Overcurrent Protection
Threshold
OCP
3.8
A
Overcurrent Protection
Blanking Time
t
2.2
3.5
μs
OCP
Autoretry OCP Time
t
3
4
ms
V
RETRY
UVLO Threshold on V
UVLO
V
M
rising
3.75
4.25
M
UVLO Threshold on VM
Hysteris
UVLO
0.12
155
20
V
HYS
Thermal Protection
Threshold Temperature
T
SD
°C
°C
Thermal Protection
Temperature Hysteresis
T
SD_HYST
CURRENT REGULATION
REF_ Pin Resistor
Range
R
REF
12
72
KΩ
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Maxim Integrated | 7
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(V = +36V, R
M
= from 15kΩ to 120kΩ , R
= from 12kΩ to 72kΩ , Limits are 100% tested at T = +25°C. Limits over the
REF_ A
ROFF
operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked
"GBD" are guaranteed by design and not production tested.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
REF Output Voltage
V
REF
900
mV
ITRIP Current
Regulation Constant
KI
36
KV
%
DITRIP1
DITRIP2
I
I
from 1.75A to 3A
-5
5
Current Trip Regulation
Accuracy (Note 1)
TRIP
from 500mA to 1.75A
-10
+10
TRIP
Fixed OFF – Time
Internal
t
ROFF shorted to V
16
20
24
μs
OFF
DD
Fixed OFF – Time
Constant
KTOFF
R
ROFF
from 15KΩ to 120KΩ
0.667
2.5
μs/kΩ
μs
PWM Blanking time
t
BLK
CURRENT SENSE MONITOR
ISEN_ Voltage Range
ISEN
Voltage Range at Pin ISEN
0
1.1
V
Refer to the ISEN Output Current
Equation in the Current Sense Output
(CSO) - Current Monitor Section
Current Monitor Scaling
Factor
KISEN
7500
A/A
DKISEN1
DKISEN2
I
I
from 1.1A to 3A
-5
+5
Current Monitor
Accuracy (Note 1)
OUT
%
from 500mA to 1.1A
-10
+10
OUT
Current Monitor
Accuracy
DKISEN3
I
I
from 250mA to 500mA
-15
+15
%
OUT
Settling Time
t
S
= I
0.5
40
μs
FS
MAX
FUNCTIONAL TIMINGS
Sleep Time
t
SLEEP = 1 to OUT_ tristate
μs
SLEEP
Wakeup Time From
Sleep
t
SLEEP = 0 to normal operation
2.7
ms
WAKE
Enable Time
Disable Time
t
Time from EN pin rising edge to driver on
Time from EN pin falling edge to driver off
0.6
1.4
μs
μs
EN
t
DIS
Note 1: Guaranteed by design, not production tested.
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Maxim Integrated | 8
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Typical Operating Characteristics
(V = +4.5V TO +60V; T = 25°C unless otherwise noted.)
M
A
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Maxim Integrated | 9
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(V = +4.5V TO +60V; T = 25°C unless otherwise noted.)
M
A
Pin Configuration
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
PGNDA
32
19 PGNDB
18
ISENB 33
ISENA 34
REFB 35
GND
17 SLEEP
MAX22203
16
15
14
13
V
V
C
C
M
REFA
ROFF
AGND
36
37
38
CP
P2
P1
+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12
TQFN
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Maxim Integrated | 10
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
TYPE
Supply Voltage Input. Connect at least 1μF SMD plus 10μF electrolytic bypass
capacitors to GND. Higher values can be considered depending on application
requirements.
16, 22, 23,
28, 29
V
M
Supply
Charge Pump Output. Connect a 5V, 1μF capacitor between V
as possible to the device
and V as close
M
CP
15
13
14
1
V
Output
Output
Output
CP
Charge Pump Flying Capacitor Pin1. Connect a V -rated 22nF capacitor between
M
C
C
P1
P2
DD
C
C
as close as possible to the device.
P1 P2
Charge Pump Flying Capacitor Pin 2. Connect a V -rated 22nF capacitor
M
between C
C
as close as possible to the device.
P1 P2
Analog
Output
V
1.8V LDO Output. Connect a 5V, 2.2μF to GND close to the device
17
SLEEP
OUT_
Active Low Sleep Pin
Driver Output Pins.
Logic Input
Output
21, 24, 27, 30
Open Drain Output Active Low Fault Indicator. Connect a 2KΩ resistor to the
controller supply voltage.
Open Drain
Output
12
FAULT
ISEN_
Current Sense Output Monitor. Connect a resistor to GND (ref. Current sense
Output Detailed Description)
33, 34
Output
2,3
4, 5, 6, 7
8, 9
EN_
DIN_
Logic Input Pin. Enable Pin
CMOS PWM Input
Logic Input
Logic Input
Logic Input
DECAY_
Logic Input. Set the Decay Mode
Open-Drain Output - Current Drive Regulator. Add a pullup resistor to the
controller supply voltage. The pullup resistor value depends on the application
requirements. Values between 1KΩ to 5KΩ meet the requirements for a majority
of applications.
Open Drain
Output
10, 11
CDR_
Programmable Current Analog Input. Connect a resistor from R
the current regulation threshold for Full Bridge A.
to GND to set
EFA
36
35
REFA
REFB
Analog Input
Analog Input
Programmable Current Analog Input. Connect a resistor from REFB to GND to set
the current regulation threshold for Full Bridge B.
t
t
Programmable Off Time Pin. Connect R
to V
to use the internal fixed
DD
OFF
OFF
OFF
37
ROFF
time. Connect a resistor from R
to GND to set the fixed OFF time to a
Analog Input
OFF
desired value.
18, 38
GND
PGND
EP
Analog Ground. Connect to Ground Plane.
GND
GND
GND
19, 20, 25,
26, 31, 32
Power GND. Connect to GND ground plane.
Exposed PAD. Connect to GND.
EP
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Maxim Integrated | 11
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Detailed Description
The MAX22203 is a Dual 65V, 3.8A
H-Bridge. It can be used to drive two Brushed DC motors or a Single Stepper
MAX
Motor. The H-Bridge FETs have very low impedance, resulting in high driving efficiency and low heat generated. The
typical total R (high-side + lowpside) is 0.3Ω. Each H-Bridge can be individually PWM controlled by means of three
ON
logic inputs (DIN1, DIN2, and EN).
The MAX22203 features an accurate Current Drive Regulation (CDR), which can be used to limit the start up current
of a Brushed DC motor or to control the phase current for stepper operation. The bridge output current is sensed by a
non-dissipative Integrated Current Sensing (ICS) and it is then compared with the desired threshold current. As soon as
the bridge current exceeds the threshold I
, the device enforces the decay for a fixed OFF time (t
).
TRIP
OFF
The non-dissipative ICS eliminates the bulky external power resistors, which are normally required for this function,
resulting in a dramatic space and power saving compared with mainstream applications based on the external sense
resistor.
A current proportional to the internally sensed motor current is output to an external pin (ISEN). By connecting an external
resistor to this pin, a voltage proportional to the motor current is generated. The voltage built up on such external resistor
can be input into the controller ADC whenever the motor control algorithm requires the current/torque information.
Also, two open-drain output pins (C
, C
DRA DRB
) are asserted every time the internal current regulation takes control of
the driver. This allows the external controller to monitor the activity of the internal current loop.
The maximum output current per H-Bridge is I = 3.8A and is limited by the Overcurrent Protection (OCP) circuit.
MAX
MAX
This current can be driven for very short transients and is aimed to effectively drive small capacitive loads.
The maximum user configurable current regulation threshold is I = 3A. Current thresholds can be set
TRIP_MAX
independently for the two full bridges by connecting the external resistors to pins R
and R
.
EFB
EFA
The maximum RMS current per H-Bridge is I
= 2A
on a standard JEDEC 4-layer board. Since this current
RMS
RMS
is limited by thermal considerations, the actual maximum RMS current depends on the thermal characteristic of the
application (PCB ground planes, heatsinks, forced air ventilation, etc).
The MAX22203 features Overcurrent Protection (OCP), Thermal Shutdown (TSD), and Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO).
An open-drain active low FAULT pin is activated every time a fault condition is detected.
During Thermal shutdown and Undervoltage Lockout, the driver is tristated until normal operations are restored.
Sleep Mode (SLEEP Pin)
Drive this pin low to enter in the lowest power mode. All outputs are tristated and the internal circuits are biased off. The
charge pump is also disabled. A pulldown resistor is connected between SLEEP and GND to ensure the part is disabled
whenever this pin is not actively driven. This mode corresponds to the lowest power consumption possible. Waking up
from Sleep Mode to Normal Mode takes up to 2.7ms max.
PWM Control
When an H-Bridge is Enabled (EN_ = Logic High) and the H-Bridge current is below the configured current limit, the
average output voltage can be controlled by DIN1_ and DIN1_ logic input pins using PWM techniques. Setting Enable
logic low causes the Output to enter a high impedance mode and the motor to coast. The Enable input pin frequency
must not exceed 1KHz and cannot be used for PWM control.
Table 1 shows the control Truth Table.
Table 1. MAX22203 Truth Table
EN_
DIN1_
DIN2_
OUT1
OUT2
DESCRIPTION
0
1
1
1
X
0
1
0
X
0
0
1
High-Z
High-Z
H bridge disabled. High impedance (HiZ)
Brake Low; Slow decay
L
H
L
L
L
H
Reverse (Current from OUT2 to OUT1)
Forward (Current from OUT1 to OUT2)
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Maxim Integrated | 12
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Table 1. MAX22203 Truth Table (continued)
1
1
1
H
H
Brake High; Slow Decay
PWM techniques can be used to control the output duty cycle and hence to implement motor speed control. Typically, for
brushed DC motor drivers, Slow Decay is preferred as it results in less ripple and higher efficiency. With this approach,
during the OFF phase, both the low side FETs are activated effectively grounding the motor winding terminals. The
current built up into the motor winding slowly decays. This decay is often referred to as Slow Decay. Alternatively, Fast
Decay can also be implemented by reversing the bridge during the OFF phase.
Current-Sense Output (CSO) - Current Monitor
Currents proportional to the internally sensed motor currents are output to pins ISENA and ISENB for H-bridge A and
B respectively. The current is sensed when one of the two low side FETs sinks the output current and it is therefore
meaningful for both during the energizing (t ) phase and during the Slow Decay phase (Brake). In Fast Decay, the
ON
current is not monitored and ISEN outputs a zero current. The following equation shows the relationship between the
current sourced at ISEN and the output current.
I
(A)
OUT
IISEN(A) =
K
ISEN
Equation - ISEN Output Current
in which K
represents the current scaling factor between the output current and its replica at pin ISEN. K
is
ISEN
ISEN
typically 7500 A/A. For instance, if the instantaneous output current is 2A, the current sourced at ISEN is 266µA.
Figure Figure 1 shows an idealized behavior of the ISEN current when Slow or Fast Decay are used. Blanking times,
delays, and rise/fall edges have been ignored.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated | 13
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
V
M
V
V
M
V
M
V
V
M
V
M
V
M
M
M
I
OUT
K
x I
ISEN
ISEN
ON
FAST
ON
FAST
V
M
V
V
M
V
M
V
V
M
V
M
V
M
M
M
I
OUT
K
x I
ISEN
ISEN
ON
SLOW
ON
SLOW
Figure 1. ISEN Current
By connecting an external signal resistor, R
, between ISEN and GND a voltage proportional to the motor current
ISEN
is generated. The voltage built up on R
can be input into the ADC of an external controller in applications in which
ISEN
the motor control algorithm requires the current/torque information. The following equation shows the design formula to
calculate R once the ADC full scale voltage (V ) and the maximum operating current (I ) is known.
ISEN
FS
MAX
V
(V)
(A)
FS
RISEN(Ω) = KISEN
×
I
MAX
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Maxim Integrated | 14
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Equation - RISEN Setting
For example, if the ADC operates up to 1V FS and the maximum operating output current is 2A, then R
1V/2A = 3.75KΩ.
is 7500 x
ISEN
The R
value also sets the output impedance of the Current-Sense Output circuit (ISEN output impedance). Normally,
ISEN
the input impedance of the ADC is much higher than R
enabling a direct connection to the ISEN pin without
ISEN
attenuation. In case a low input impedance ADC is used, a preamplifier (buffer) is required.
The Current-Sense Output circuit bandwidth and step response performances (see Specifications) ensure the current
monitor tracks the driver current in motor drive applications.
Current Drive Regulation
The MAX22203 features embedded Current Drive Regulation (CDR).
The embedded current drive regulation provides an accurate control of the current flowing into the motor windings.
The bridge current is sensed by a non-dissipative Integrated Current Sensing circuit (ICS) and it is then compared with
the threshold current (I
). As soon as the bridge current exceeds the threshold, the device enforces the decay for a
TRIP
fixed OFF-time (t
). The device supports different decay modes as described in the following paragraphs.
OFF
Once t
has elapsed, the driver is re-enabled for the next PWM cycle. During current regulation, the PWM duty cycle
OFF
and frequency depend on the supply voltage, on the motor inductance, and on motor speed and load conditions.
The t duration can be configured with an external resistor connected to the ROFF pin.
OFF
Integrated Current Sense (ICS)
A non-dissipative Current Sensing is integrated. This feature eliminates the bulky external power resistors normally
required for this function. This feature results in a dramatic space and power saving compared with mainstream
applications based on the external sense resistor.
Setting the Current Regulation Threshold – Pin REF
Connect resistors from REFA and REFB to GND to set the current regulation thresholds for Full Bridge A and Full Bridge
B respectively (I
, I
) .
TRIPA TRIPB
The equation below shows the typical I
current as a function of the R
shunt resistor connected to pin REF_.
REF_
TRIP
The proportionality constant K is typically 36KV. The external resistor R
_ can range between 12KΩ and 72KΩ, which
I
REF
correspondents to I
setting ranging from about 3A down to 0.5A.
TRIP
K (KV)
I
I
=
R
TRIP
(KΩ)
REF
Setting the Fixed OFF_TIME (t
)
OFF
The current regulation circuit is based on a constant t
PWM control. When the bridge current exceeds the target I
OFF
TRIP
current, an OFF phase begins and Decay modes are activated. The OFF phase has a fixed time duration (t
). t
OFF OFF
can be configured to a desired value by connecting an external resistor (R
) to pin ROFF. When the ROFF pin is
ROFF
shorted to V , the t
time is internally set at a fixed value (20μs typical).
DD
OFF
By connecting an external resistor to the pin R
, the user can configure t
as shown in the equation below in which
OFF
OFF
R
is an external resistor connected to the R
pin (in KΩ) and KT
is an internal constant equal to 0.667μs/KΩ.
ROFF
OFF
OFF
× K
ROFF TOFF
t
(μs) = R
OFF
t
can be programmed from a range of 10μs to 80μs.
OFF
CDR Open-Drain Output
The CDR_ pins are active-low open-drain outputs, which are asserted during the fixed t
decay interval enforced by
OFF
the integrated current drive regulation loop. An external controller monitoring the CDR_ pins can determine whether the
integrated current drive regulation loop has taken control of the driver overwriting the status of the PWM logic inputs
(DIN1, DIN2).
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated | 15
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
The CDR_ signals can be used by an external controller for a variety of reasons and provides information about the
actual load during current regulation. For example, in the use case where the PWM are permanently held in Forward or
Reverse mode, control of the motor current is entrusted to the internal Current Drive Regulation loop and the CDR_ pin
status directly reflects the driver output status. In this example, the duty cycle of the CDR_ pin can be used to detect stall
conditions.
A pullup resistor must be connected from the CDR_ pins to the controller voltage supply. The pullup resistor choice
depends on the PCB line capacitance, PWM frequency, and power consumption. Values between 1KΩ to 5KΩ satisfy
the requirement for most applications.
The time diagram in Figure 2 shows the behavior of this function when the motor spins in forward direction respectively
with DIN2 held firmly High (Case A) or when DIN2 is toggling (Case B and C).
The CDR output is asserted only when the slow decay mode is forced by the internal CDR.
Notice that any PWM transitions resets the fixed OFF Time of the CDR circuit. In Case B, the actual Slow Decay Interval
is longer than t
whereas in Case C, the actual Slow Decay OFF interval is shorter.
OFF
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Maxim Integrated | 16
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
DIN1
DIN2
ITRIP
IPHASE
CDR ASSERTED
CDR ASSERTED
CDR
FIXED t
OFF
FIXED t
OFF
OUT1
OUT2
FWD
CASE A) CDR OUTPUT FWD MODE No PWM
FWD
DIN1
DIN2
ITRIP
IPHASE
CDR ASSERTED
CDR ASSERTED
CDR
FIXED t
FIXED t
OFF
OFF
OUT1
OUT2
FWD
FWD
CASE B) CDR OUTPUT WITH PWM
DIN1
DIN2
ITRIP
IPHASE
CDR
ASSERTED
CDR
ASSERTED
CDR
ASSERTED
CDR
FIXED t
OFF
FIXED t
OFF
OUT1
OUT2
FWD
FWD
FWD
CASE C) CDR OUTPUT WITH PWM INTERRUP
Figure 2. CDR Monitor Timing Diagram
Operating Modes
During PWM chopping, the driver output alternates Energizing (ON) and Decay phases. The MAX22203 supports
different Decay modes. Slow Decay, Fast Decay, and different combination between Slow and Fast are supported.
Figure 3 shows the current path in the three different modes of operation.
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Maxim Integrated | 17
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
V
V
M
M
V
M
ON PHASE
V
M
V
M
V
V
M
M
V
M
V
M
FAST DECAY
SLOW DECAY
Figure 3. Current Flow During ON and Decay Modes
Setting the Decay Mode
Two logic input pins allow the user to set the Decay Mode during t
Decay modes.
. The MAX22203 supports Slow, Fast, and Mixed
OFF
Table 2 shows the Truth Table for the Decay selection.
Table 2. Decay Mode Truth Table
DECAY2
DECAY1
DECAY MODE
SLOW
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
MIXED 30% FAST* / 70% SLOW
MIXED 60% FAST* / 40% SLOW
FAST*
* To prevent reversal of current during fast decay, outputs go to the high-impedance state as the current approaches 0A.
Protections
Overcurrent Protection (OCP)
An Overcurrent Protection (OCP) protects the device against short circuits to the rails (supply voltage and ground) and
across the load terminals. The OCP threshold is set at 3.8A minimum. If the output current is larger than the OCP
threshold for longer than the OCP blanking time, then an OCP event is detected.
When an OCP event is detected, the H-Bridge is immediately disabled, and a fault indication is output on the pin FAULT.
The H-Bridge is kept in a high impedance mode for 3ms (see t
specification). After that, the H-Bridge is re-enabled
RETRY
according to the current state. If the short circuit is still present, this cycle repeats. Otherwise, normal operation resumes.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated | 18
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
It is recommended to avoid prolonged operation under the short-circuit failure mode since a prolonged OCP auto-retry
could affect the device reliability.
Thermal Shutdown Protection (TSD)
If the die temperature exceeds 155°C (typical value), a fault indication is output on pin FAULT and the driver is tri-stated
until the junction temperature drops below 135°C. After that, the driver is re-enabled.
Undervoltage Lockout Protection (UVLO)
The device features Undervoltage Lockout Protection (UVLO). UVLO on V is set at 4.25V maximum. When an UVLO
M
event occurs, a fault indication is output on pin FAULT and the driver outputs are tristated. Normal operation is then
resumed (and the FAULT pin deasserted) as soon as the supply voltages are back in the nominal operating range.
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Maxim Integrated | 19
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Applications Information
Recommended Layout
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
0805
0805
(2012)
(2012)
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
PGNDA
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
PGNDB
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
ISENB
ISENA
REFB
REFA
ROFF
GND
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
SLEEP
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
MAX22203
TQFN38 5x7
V
M
VIA
VIA
VIA
VIA
VCP
CP2
CP1
0402
(1005)
VIA
GND
+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
VIA
0402
(1005)
Figure 4. Recommended Layout
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Maxim Integrated | 20
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Typical Application Circuits
Application Diagram
V
V
L
M
V
DD
CF
CVDD
V
L
CBULK
CVM1
CVM2
RPU
CT
ROFF
SLEEP
FAULT
ROFF
C
C
V
P2
CP
P1
PROTECTIONS
OCP
UVLO
CHARGE
PUMP
MAX22203
1.8V
REGULATOR
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
DECAY1
DECAY2
V
M
1:N
VDD
VCP
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT1A
IREF
VREFIN
CONTROL
LOGIC
AND
LEVEL
SHIFTERS
RREFA
REFA
BDC
V
M
ENA
VCP
DIN2A
DIN1A
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT2A
V
L
LIMITER PWM
COMPARATOR
CURRENT
SENSE
RPUA
ROTOR
PGND
IREF
CDRA
ISENA
MICROCONTROLLER
DECAY1
DECAY2
DECAY
DECAY MODE
SEL
V
M
RISENA
1:N
VDD
VCP
IREF
OUT1B
GATE
VREFIN
DRIVER
AND OCP
CONTROL
LOGIC AND
LEVEL
RREFB
REFB
ENB
BDC
V
M
SHIFTERS
VCP
DIN2B
DIN1B
GATE
DRIVER
AND OCP
OUT2B
V
L
CURRENT
SENSE
LIMITER PWM
COMPARATOR
RPUB
PGND
IREF
CDRB
ISENB
AGND
RISENB
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Maxim Integrated | 21
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
TEMPERATURE RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX22203ATU+
-40°C to +125°C
38 TQFN
MAX22203AHU+* -40°C to +125°C
38 TSSOP
+ Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T Denotes tape-and-reel.
* Denotes future product. Contact factory for availability.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated | 22
MAX22203
65V, 3.8A Dual Brushed or Single Stepper Motor
Driver with Integrated Current Sense
Revision History
REVISION REVISION
PAGES
DESCRIPTION
CHANGED
NUMBER
DATE
0
5/21
Initial release
—
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent
licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max
limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
© 2021 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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