MAX38888ATD+ [MAXIM]

Switching Regulator,;
MAX38888ATD+
型号: MAX38888ATD+
厂家: MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS    MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS
描述:

Switching Regulator,

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MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
General Description  
Benefits and Features  
The MAX38888 is a storage capacitor or capacitor bank  
backup regulator designed to efficiently transfer power  
between a storage element and a system supply rail in  
reversible buck and boost operations using the same  
inductor.  
When the main supply is present and above the  
minimum system supply voltage, the regulator operates  
in buck mode and charges the storage element at up to  
500mA peak inductor current. Once the storage element  
is charged, the circuit draws only 2.5µA of current while  
it maintains the super capacitor or other storage element  
in its ready state. When the main supply is removed,  
the regulator operates in boost mode and prevents the  
system from dropping below the minimum operating voltage,  
discharging the storage element at up to 2.5A peak  
inductor current.  
2.5V to 5V System Output Voltage  
0.8V to 4.5V Cap Voltage Range  
Up to 2.5A Peak Inductor Discharge Current  
Programmable Voltage and Current Thresholds  
±2% Threshold Accuracy  
Up to 95% Efficiency, Charge or Discharge  
2.5µA Ready Quiescent Current  
Small Solution Size  
3mm x 3mm x 0.75mm TDFN Package  
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.  
The MAX38888 is externally programmable for minimum  
and maximum voltage of the storage element, such as  
super capacitor, minimum system voltage, and maximum  
charge and discharge currents. The internal DC/DC  
converter requires only a 1µH inductor.  
Applications  
Handheld Industrial Equipment  
Portable Computers  
Portable Devices with a Removable Battery  
Typical Application Circuit  
CHARGE  
DISCHARGE  
L1  
1µH  
V
V
SYS  
SYSTEM LOAD  
3V (MIN)  
SC  
LX  
CAP  
SYS  
FBS  
2.7V (MAX)  
1.5V (MIN)  
10F  
SUPER  
CAP  
R3  
1.8M  
R7  
1M  
R8  
1M  
R6  
2.49M  
MAIN  
BATTERY  
C2  
C1  
MAX38888  
22µF  
22µF  
(REMOVEABLE)  
FBCL  
R2  
402k  
BACKUP  
READY  
BKUPB  
RDY  
FBCH  
EN  
ENABLE  
INPUT  
ISET  
GND  
R1  
499k  
R4  
20k  
R5  
499k  
19-100369; Rev 2; 10/18  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
CAP, EN, SYS, LX, BKUPB, RDY to GND..............-0.3V to +6V  
FBCH, FBCL to GND ................................. -0.3V to CAP + 0.3V  
FBS, ISET to GND ..................................... -0.3V to SYS + 0.3V  
PGND to GND......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V  
Operating Temperature Range......................... -40°C to +125°C  
Storage Temperature Range............................ -65°C to +150°C  
Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C  
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 seconds).....................+300°C  
Continuous Power Dissipation (T = +70°C, TDFN,  
LX RMS Current..........................................................±2.0A  
A
RMS  
derate 24.4mW/°C above +70°C)...........................1951.2mW  
Output Short-Circuit Duration....................................Continuous  
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these  
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect  
device reliability.  
Package Information  
TDFN  
Package Code  
T1433+2C  
21-0137  
90-0063  
Outline Number  
Land Pattern Number  
Thermal Resistance, Four-Layer Board:  
Junction to Ambient (θ  
)
41°C/W  
8°C/W  
JA  
Junction to Case (θ  
)
JC  
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,  
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing  
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.  
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board.  
For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.  
Maxim Integrated  
2  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Electrical Characteristics  
(V  
= 3.7V, V  
= 2.7V, T = -40°C to +125°C (typical values at T = 25°C), circuit of Figure 1, unless otherwise specified.)  
SYS  
CAP  
J
J
PARAMETER  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
2.5  
TYP  
MAX  
5
UNITS  
SYS Voltage Range  
CAP Voltage Range  
V
V
V
VSYS  
V
0.8  
4.5  
1
VSC  
EN = 0V, T = 25°C  
0.01  
0.1  
A
SYS Shutdown Current  
I
μA  
SYS_SD  
EN = 0V  
SYS Charging Supply  
Current  
I
V
= 0.6V, V  
= V = 0.485V  
FBCL  
1.5  
mA  
SYS_CHG  
FBS  
FBCH  
V
T
= V  
= 25°C  
= V  
= 0.515V,  
FBS  
FBCH  
FBCL  
35  
35  
65  
SYS Backup Supply  
Current  
I
μA  
A
SYS_BUP  
V
V
= V  
= V  
= 0.515V  
FBS  
FBCH  
FBCL  
= 0.6V, V  
= V  
=
FBS  
FBCH  
FBCL  
FBCL  
2.5  
5
1
SYS Ready Supply  
Current  
0.515V, T = 25°C  
A
I
μA  
μA  
SYS_RDY  
V
= 0.6V, V  
= V  
= 0.515V  
2.5  
0.01  
0.1  
FBS  
FBCH  
EN = 0V, T = 25°C  
A
CAP Shutdown Current  
I
CAP_SD  
EN = 0V  
UVLO Threshold  
V
V
falling, 100mV typical hysteresis  
1.7  
1.8  
1.9  
V
V
UVLOF  
VSYS  
FBS Backup Voltage  
V
FBS rising, when discharging stops  
-2%  
0.5  
+2%  
FBS  
V
Above FBS Backup Voltage, when charging  
begins, 30mV typical hysteresis  
TH_FBS  
_CHG  
FBS Charging Threshold  
FBCH Threshold  
25  
60  
0.5  
95  
mV  
V
FBCH rising, when charging stops,  
25mV typical hysteresis  
V
-2%  
+2%  
TH_FBCH  
FBCL falling, when preserve mode starts,  
25mV typical hysteresis  
FBCL Threshold  
V
-3.5%  
225  
0.475  
+3.5%  
V
TH_FBCL  
V
When LX stops switching, EN falling  
EN rising  
600  
660  
IL  
EN Threshold  
mV  
V
925  
100  
IH  
ISET Resistor Range  
R
Guaranteed by LX Peak Current Limits  
20  
kΩ  
ISET  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 2V,  
CAP  
2.0  
2.5  
0.50  
500  
100  
3.0  
V
= 2.9V, R  
= 20kΩ  
SYS  
ISET  
LX Peak Backup Current  
Limit (Note 1)  
I
A
DCHG  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 2V,  
CAP  
V
= 2.9V, R  
= 100kΩ  
SYS  
ISET  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 3.7V,  
SYS  
400  
-0.1  
600  
0.1  
V
= 2V, R  
= 20kΩ  
CAP  
ISET  
LX Peak Charge Current  
Limit (Note 1)  
ICHG  
mA  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 3.7V,  
SYS  
V
V
V
= 2V, R  
= 100kΩ  
CAP  
ISET  
= 0.5V, T = 25°C  
A
0.001  
0.01  
FBS/FBCH/FBCL  
FBS/FBCH/FBCL  
FBS/FBCH/FBCL Input  
Bias Current  
I
FBS/FBCH/  
FBCL  
μA  
= 0.5V  
Maxim Integrated  
3  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Electrical Characteristics (continued)  
(V  
= 3.7V, V  
= 2.7V, T = -40°C to +125°C (typical values at T = 25°C), circuit of Figure 1, unless otherwise specified.)  
SYS  
CAP  
J
J
PARAMETER  
SYMBOL  
CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
0.001  
0.01  
2
MAX  
UNITS  
0V < V  
0V < V  
< 5.5V, T = 25°C  
A
-0.1  
0.1  
EN  
EN Input Leakage Current  
I
μA  
EN  
< 5.5V  
EN  
LX Switching Frequency  
f
Delivering maximum current from CAP  
MHz  
SW  
LX Low-Side FET  
Resistance  
R
V
= 3V, LX switched to GND  
= 3V, LX switched to SYS  
50  
80  
100  
160  
1
mΩ  
LOW  
SYS  
LX High-Side FET  
Resistance  
R
V
V
mΩ  
μA  
HIGH  
SYS  
= 0V, V  
= 5V, V = 0V/5V,  
LX  
EN  
SYS  
-1  
T
= 25°C  
A
LX Leakage Current  
I
LX_LKG  
V
= 0V, V  
= 5V, V = 0V/5V  
0.1  
400  
100  
EN  
SYS  
LX  
Maximum On-Time  
t
Backup Mode, V  
Backup Mode, V  
= 0.485V  
= 0.485V  
320  
80  
480  
120  
ns  
ns  
ON  
FBS  
FBS  
Minimum Off-Time  
t
OFF  
Overtemperature  
Lockout Threshold  
T
T rising, 15°C typical hysteresis  
165  
50  
°C  
OTLO  
J
High-Side FET  
Zero-Crossing (Note 1)  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 2V,  
CAP  
I
25  
75  
mA  
mA  
ZXP  
V
= 2.9V  
SYS  
Low-Side FET  
Zero-Crossing (Note 1)  
Circuit of Figure 1, V  
= 3.7V,  
SYS  
I
25  
-1  
50  
75  
1
ZXN  
V
V
V
V
= 2V  
CAP  
= 0V, V  
= 0V, V  
= 5V, T = 25°C  
A
EN  
EN  
BKUPB  
BKUPB Leakage Current  
I
μA  
BKUPB  
= 5V  
0.1  
BKUPB  
BKUPB Output Voltage  
Low  
= 0.48V, V  
= 2mA  
= V  
= 0.515V,  
FBS  
FBCH  
FBCL  
V
0.4  
1
V
BKUPB_L  
I
SINK  
V
V
V
= 0.54V, V  
= 0.54V, V  
= 5V, T = 25°C  
A
-1  
FBCH  
RDY  
RDY Leakage Current  
I
μA  
RDY  
= 5V  
0.1  
FBCH  
RDY  
RDY Output Voltage Low  
V
= 0V, I = 2mA  
SINK  
0.4  
V
RDY_L  
EN  
Note 1: DC measurement, actual zero-crossing and peak current accuracy in circuit will be affected by the propagation delay time.  
Maxim Integrated  
4  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Typical Operating Characteristics  
(MAX38888, V  
= 3.6V, V  
= 2.0V, C1 = 22µF, C2 = 22µF T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)  
SYS  
CAP , A  
CAP PIN SHUTDOWN CURRENT  
SYS BACKUP SUPPLY CURRENT  
SYS PIN SHUTDOWN CURRENT  
toc02  
toc01  
toc03  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
EN = 0V  
VCAP = 2.7V  
EN = 0V  
VSYS = 3.6V  
V
= V  
= V = 0.515V  
FBCL  
FBS  
FBCH  
1000  
100  
10  
1000  
100  
10  
1
1
-40  
10  
60  
110  
-40 -20  
0
20 40 60 80 100 120  
-40  
10  
60  
110  
TEMPERATURE (ºC)  
TEMPERATURE (ºC)  
TEMPERATURE (ºC)  
SWITCHING WAVEFORM  
WHILE CHARGING  
SYS READY SUPPLY CURRENT  
toc04  
toc05  
4.5  
4.0  
3.5  
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
0.5  
0.0  
V
= 0.54V, V  
FBCH  
= V = 0.515V  
FBCL  
FBS  
VSYS  
2V/div  
2V/div  
VCAP  
500mA/div  
IL  
2V/div  
VLX  
-40 -20  
0
20 40 60 80 100 120  
2µs/div  
SYS = 3.6V, VCAP = 0V  
TEMPERATURE (ºC)  
V
SWITCHING WAVEFORM HEAVY LOAD  
POWER-UP  
toc06  
toc07  
2V/div  
2V/div  
VSYS  
VCAP  
VSYS  
1V/div  
2V/div  
2V/div  
3V/div  
1A/div  
VCAP  
EN  
2V/div  
VLX  
VLX  
IL  
400µs/div  
SYS = 3.6V, VCAP = 0V  
1µs/div  
SYS = 3.6V  
V
V
Maxim Integrated  
5  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)  
(MAX38888, V  
= 3.6V, V  
= 2.0V, C1 = 22µF, C2 = 22µF T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)  
SYS  
CAP , A  
EFFICIENCY DURING BOOST MODE  
POWER-DOWN  
EFFICIENCYDURING BUCK MODE  
toc09  
toc08  
100  
95  
90  
85  
80  
75  
70  
toc10  
94  
92  
90  
88  
86  
84  
82  
80  
2.5V TO 4.2V  
2.5V TO 3V  
VSYS = 3.3V, VCAP = 2V  
2V/div  
VSYS  
1.5V TO 4.2V  
1.5V TO 3V  
2V/div  
2V/div  
VCAP  
EN  
2V/div  
VLX  
1µs/div  
SYS = 3.6V, VCAP = 2V  
0
500  
1000  
ISYS (mA)  
1500  
0
50  
100  
150  
V
ICAP(mA)  
LOAD REGULATION DURING BOOST  
ISYS MAX vs VCAP  
toc12  
toc11  
1200  
3.5  
3% REGULATION VSYS  
1000  
800  
600  
400  
200  
0
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
VSYS = 3V  
VCAP = 2.5V  
VCAP = 1.5V  
VSYS = 3V  
3% REGULATION  
VSYS = 4.2V  
0.5  
1
1.5  
2
2.5  
1
10  
100  
ISYS (mA)  
1000  
VCAP (V)  
VSYS TRANSITION DURING BACKUP  
toc13  
2V/div  
BKUPB  
1V/div  
800mV/div  
VSYS  
VCAP  
5ms/div  
VSYS = 3.3V to 3V DURING BACKUP  
Maxim Integrated  
6  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Pin Configuration  
TOP VIEW  
14 13 12 11 10  
9
8
MAX38888  
+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
TDFN  
(3mm x 3mm)  
Pin Description  
PIN  
NAME  
SYS  
NC  
FUNCTION  
System Supply Rail. Connect to a system supply rail or removable battery between 2.5V and 5V and  
bypass with a 22µF capacitor to GND.  
1
2
No Connect.  
Open-Drain Backup Indicator. BKUPB is held low when the part is in backup mode i.e. when  
FBS < 0.5V and FBCL > 0.5V. BKUPB is released High when FBCL < 0.475V or FBS > 0.56V.  
Connect to external pullup resistor.  
3
BKUPB  
Open-Drain Supercap Ready Indicator. RDY goes high when the supercap is fully charged (i.e., FBCH >  
0.5V). RDY is pulled low when FBCL < 0.475V. Connect to an external pullup resistor.  
4
5
RDY  
ISET  
Charge/Discharge Current Input. The peak discharge current is set by 50kV/R  
charging current is 1/5 the discharging current.  
while the peak  
ISET  
SYS Feedback. Connect to the center point of a resistor divider from SYS to GND.  
6
7
8
FBS  
GND  
FBCL  
SYS will boost to 0.5V x (1 + R  
/R  
) when V  
< 0.5V.  
FBS  
STop SBot  
Analog Ground.  
CAP Feedback. Connect to the upper point of a resistor divider from CAP to GND.  
Part enters preserve mode when V < 0.475V.  
FBCL  
CAP Feedback. Connect to the lower point of a resistor divider from CAP to GND.  
CAP will charge to 0.5V x (1 + R /R ) when V > 0.56V.  
9
FBCH  
EN  
CTop CBot  
FBS  
Enable Input. Force this pin high to enable the regulator or force pin low to disable the part and  
enter shutdown. If not driven, tie it to the SYS rail.  
10  
11  
12  
CAP  
LX  
Super Cap. Connect to a super cap rated between 0.8V to 5V with a maximum voltage less than V  
.
SYS  
Inductor Switching Node. Connect a 1.0µH to 4.7uH inductor from LX to CAP.  
13  
NC  
No Connect.  
14, EP  
PGND  
Power Ground.  
Maxim Integrated  
7  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Functional Diagrams  
CAP  
SYS  
BIAS  
EN  
LX  
DRIVERS  
CONTROL  
ISET  
PGND  
RDY  
BKUPB  
MAX38888  
FBS  
MODE  
SELECT  
FBCH  
FBCL  
GND  
Maxim Integrated  
8  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Application Circuit  
Detailed Description  
The typical application of the MAX38888 is shown in  
Figure 1.  
The MAX38888 is a flexible storage capacitor or capaci-  
tor bank backup regulator efficiently transferring power  
between a storage element and a system supply rail.  
Super Capacitor Voltage Configuration  
When the main supply is present and its voltage above  
the minimum system supply voltage, the regulator  
operates in the charging mode of operation and charges  
the storage element at up to 500mA peak inductor  
current. Once the storage element is charged, the RDY  
flag will assert and the circuit will draw only 2.5µA of current  
while maintaining the storage element in its ready state.  
The maximum super capacitor voltage is set using a resis-  
tor divider from CAP to FBCH to GND. Recommended  
value for R2 is 499kΩ. Because resistor tolerance will  
have direct effect on voltage accuracy, these resistors  
should have 1% accuracy or better.  
R2 + R3 = R1 x ((V /0.5) -1)  
CAP MAX  
V
halts charging when V  
reaches 0.5V. The  
FBCH  
CAP  
When the main supply is removed, the regulator prevents  
the system from dropping below the minimum operating  
maximum super capacitor voltage is where the super  
capacitor will remain after it is completely charged and  
ready for backup.  
voltage, boosting V  
by discharging the storage  
SYS  
element at up to 2.5A peak inductor current. During this  
backup mode of operation, the MAX38888 utilizes a  
fixed on-time, current-limited, pulse-frequency-modulation  
(PFM) control scheme. Once MAX38888 is in the backup  
mode, the BKUPB flag is asserted.  
The minimum super capacitor discharge voltage is set  
using a resistor divider from CAP to FBCL to GND.  
R3 = (R1 + R2) x ((V  
/0.5) -1)  
CAP MIN  
FBCL prevents the super capacitor from further discharge  
when V reaches 0.475V during a backup event in  
order to preserve the remaining capacity for keeping alive  
a real-time clock, memory, or other low-level function. In  
this preserve mode, the IC disconnects all circuitry from  
the super capacitor and draws 2.5µA current from it.  
The external pins allow a wide range of system and  
storage element, such as super capacitor voltage  
settings, as well as charging and discharging peak inductor  
current settings.  
FBCL  
The MAX38888 implements a true shutdown feature  
disconnecting V  
from V  
as well as protecting  
SYS  
CAP  
against a SYS short or if V  
> V  
.
CAP  
SYS  
CHARGE  
DISCHARGE  
L1  
1µH  
V
V
SYS  
SYSTEM LOAD  
3V (MIN)  
SC  
LX  
CAP  
SYS  
FBS  
2.7V (MAX)  
1.5V (MIN)  
10F  
SUPER  
CAP  
R3  
1.8M  
R7  
1M  
R8  
1M  
R6  
2.49M  
MAIN  
BATTERY  
C2  
C1  
MAX38888  
22µF  
22µF  
(REMOVEABLE)  
FBCL  
R2  
402k  
BACKUP  
READY  
BKUPB  
RDY  
FBCH  
EN  
ENABLE  
INPUT  
ISET  
GND  
R1  
499k  
R4  
20k  
R5  
499k  
Figure 1. Typical Application  
Maxim Integrated  
9  
www.maximintegrated.com  
 
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
In applications where SYS voltage needs to be boosted to  
higher levels, selecting V min has to take into account  
to the maximum voltage set by FBCH and be ready for  
backup. When the main battery is removed, V drops  
CAP  
FBS  
duty cycle limitation of the boosting phase which is 80%.  
to 0.5V and the SYS pin is regulated to the programmed  
minimum voltage with up to 2A of CAP current.  
MAX38888 detects when V falls below V . The  
SYS  
CAP  
device will not enable if V  
is below V  
. Raising  
SYS  
CAP  
Charge/Discharge Current Configuration  
The peak inductor discharge current is set by placing a  
V
SYS  
above the backup threshold re-initiates charging  
and backup.  
resistor from ISET to GND. The values of R  
is calculated by following formula:  
resistor  
ISET  
System Voltage Configuration  
The minimum system voltage is set using a resistor divider  
from SYS to FBS to GND. Recommended value for R5 is  
499kΩ. Because resistor tolerance will have direct effect  
on voltage accuracy, these resistors should have 1%  
accuracy or better.  
I
= 2.5A x (20kΩ/R  
)
ISET  
DISCHARGE  
The super capacitor charging current is internally set to  
1/5 of the discharge current.  
I
= 0.5A x (20kΩ/R  
)
ISET  
CHARGE  
Value of  
R
between 20kΩ and 100kΩ is recom-  
ISET  
R6 = R5 x ((V  
/0.5) -1)  
SYS MIN  
mended to ensure accurate current compliance.  
When V  
is above 0.56V, the DC/DC regulator will draw  
FBS  
power from the SYS pin to charge the super capacitor  
4V  
3.36V  
3.18V  
VSYS  
3V  
0V  
2.7V  
1.42V  
VCAP  
0V  
BKUPB  
FBS " " 0.5V  
0V  
RDY  
FBCH Ð""0.5V  
FBCL < 0.475V  
CHARGE  
LOW CURRENT  
BACKUP  
PRESERVE  
Figure 2. System Waveforms  
Maxim Integrated  
10  
www.maximintegrated.com  
 
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
super capacitor where smaller current will be pulled out  
System Waveforms  
of the super capacitor near its maximum V  
voltage.  
CAP  
The waveforms in Figure 2 represent system behavior of  
However, current drawn from the super capacitor will  
increase as it discharges to maintain constant power at  
the load. The amount of energy required in the backup  
mode will be the product of the constant back up power  
MAX38888 in the Typical Application Circuits.  
Applications Information  
Capacitor Selection  
and time defined as backup time, t  
.
BACKUP  
Capacitors at SYS and CAP pins reduce current  
peaks and increase efficiency. Ceramic capacitors are  
recommended because they have the lowest equivalent  
series resistance (ESR), smallest size, and lowest cost.  
Choose an acceptable dielectric such as X5R or X7R.  
Due to ceramic capacitors' capacitance derating with DC  
bias standard 22µF ceramic capacitors are recommended  
at both pins for most applications.  
The amount of energy available in the super capacitor is  
calculated using the following formula:  
2
2
E = 1/2 x C  
x (V  
- V  
) (J)  
SCAP  
CAPMAX  
CAPMIN  
The amount of energy required to complete the backup  
equals to:  
E = V  
x I  
x t  
) (J)  
SYS  
SYS  
BACKUP  
where, I  
will be the system load during backup.  
SYS  
Super Capacitor Selection  
When the power source supplying the V  
Since energy required at the system side during the  
backup event comes from available energy in the super  
capacitor, and assuming conversion efficiency η, and  
voltage is  
SYS  
removed, power to the output is provided by MAX38888  
operating in the back-up or boost mode of operation using  
the super capacitor as its source. In order to ensure the  
supply voltage stays in regulation, the amount of power  
the super capacitor can deliver at its minimal voltage  
should be greater than that required by the system.  
MAX38888 will present a constant power load to the  
given t  
, the required C  
will be determined  
BACKUP  
SCAP  
by the following equation:  
2
C
= (2 x V  
2
x I  
x t  
)/[(V  
CAPMAX  
SCAP  
SYS  
) x η] (F)  
SYS  
BACKUP  
V
CAPMIN  
VOLTAGE (V)  
VSYS  
4
3.36  
3
VCAP  
2.7  
LOW IQ  
1.5  
0
IDLE  
(NO SWITCHING)  
BACKUP  
(BOOST)  
PRESERVE  
(LOW CURRENT)  
CHARGING CAP  
(BUCK)  
Figure 3. Charging/Discharging Waveforms  
Maxim Integrated  
11  
www.maximintegrated.com  
MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
For example, in Figure 1 (Application Circuit), minimum  
value of the super capacitor required for 1s backup time,  
assuming 200mA system load and average efficiency of  
93%, will be:  
Enabling Device  
MAX3888 has dedicated enable pin. The pin can either  
be driven by a digital signal or pulled up or strapped to  
the SYS rail.  
2
2
C
≥ (2 x 3.0V x 0.2A x 1s)/[((2.7V) – (1.5V) ) x 0.93]  
SCAP  
PCB Layout Guidelines  
= 256mF  
Minimize trace lengths to reduce parasitic capacitance,  
inductance and resistance, and radiated noise. Keep the  
main power path from SYS, LX, CAP, and PGND as tight  
and short as possible. Minimize the surface area used for  
LX since this is the noisiest node. The trace between the  
feedback resistor dividers should be as short as possible  
and should be isolated from the noisy power path. Refer  
to the EV kit layout for best practices.  
Inductor Selection  
MAX38888 works with 1µH inductor in most applications.  
In applications where lower peak currents are desired,  
larger inductance may be used in order to reduce the  
ripple. Recommended inductance range is from 1µH to  
4.7µH. Select 4.7µH for higher RISET value [100k]. 1µH  
is not supported for 100k RISET value.  
The PCB layout is important for robust thermal design.  
The junction to ambient thermal resistance of the package  
greatly depends on the PCB type, layout, and pad  
connections. Using thick PCB copper and having the  
SYS, LX, CAP, and PGND copper pours will enhance the  
thermal performance. The TDFN package has a large  
thermal pad under the package which creates excellent  
thermal path to PCB. This pad is electrically connected  
to PGND. Its PCB pad should have multiple thermal vias  
connecting the pad to internal PGND plane. Thermal vias  
should either be capped or have small diameter to  
minimize solder wicking and voids.  
Status Flags  
MAX38888 has two dedicated pins to report the device  
status to the host processor. Ready output (RDY) will  
be high when the super capacitor is fully charged  
(i.e., FBCH > 0.5V). RDY is pulled low when FBCL  
< 0.475V. The other status flag is the Backup Output  
(BKUPB), which will be held low when the part is in the  
backup mode (i.e., when FBS < 0.5V and FBCL > 0.5V).  
BKUPB is released high when FBCL < 0.475V or FBS >  
0.56V. Both output pins are open-drain type and require  
external pullup resistors. Recommended values for the  
pullup resistors are 1MΩ. The pins should be pulled up  
to the SYS rail.  
Ordering Information  
PART NUMBER  
TEMP RANGE  
PIN-PACKAGE  
FEATURES  
MAX38888ATD+  
-40°C to +125°C  
14 TDFN  
Enable Input, Selectable Voltages and Currents  
+ Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.  
T Denotes tape-and-reel.  
Maxim Integrated  
12  
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MAX38888  
2.5V–5.0V, 0.5A/2.5A Reversible Buck/Boost  
Regulator for Backup Power Applications  
Revision History  
REVISION REVISION  
PAGES  
DESCRIPTION  
CHANGED  
NUMBER  
DATE  
0
1
6/18  
Initial release  
7/18  
Updated General Description and Benefits and Features  
1
Update General Description, Benefits and Features section, Electrical Characteristics  
table, Typical Operating Characteristics, Detailed Description  
10/18  
2
1, 3–6, 9–12  
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.  
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses  
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)  
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.  
©
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.  
2018 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.  
13  

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