MAX4165EUK [MAXIM]
IC-SM RAIL/RAIL I/O OP AMP ; IC- SM铁路/轨I / O运算放大器\n
| 型号： | MAX4165EUK |
| 厂家： | 
MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS |
| 描述： | IC-SM RAIL/RAIL I/O OP AMP
|
| 文件： | 总16页 (文件大小：200K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
19-1377; Rev 0; 5/98
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
________________Ge n e ra l De s c rip t io n
____________________________Fe a t u re s
The MAX4040–MAX4044 family of micropower op amps
operates from a single +2.4V to +5.5V supply or dual
±1.2V to ±2.75V supplies and have Rail-to-Rail input
♦ Single-Supply Operation Down to +2.4V
♦ Ultra-Low Power Consumption:
10µA Supply Current per Amplifier
1µA Shutdown Mode (MAX4041/MAX4043)
®
and output capabilities. These amplifiers provide a
90kHz gain-bandwidth product while using only 10µA of
supply current per amplifier. The MAX4041/MAX4043
have a low-power shutdown mode that reduces supply
current to less than 1µA and forces the output into a
high-impedance state. The combination of low-voltage
operation, rail-to-rail inputs and outputs, and ultra-low
power consumption makes these devices ideal for any
portable/battery-powered system.
♦ Rail-to-Rail Input Common-Mode Range
♦ Outputs Swing Rail-to-Rail
♦ No Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs
♦ 200µV Input Offset Voltage
♦ Unity-Gain Stable for Capacitive Loads up to 200pF
♦ 90kHz Gain-Bandwidth Product
These amplifiers have outputs that typically swing to
within 10mV of the rails with a 100kΩ load. Rail-to-rail
input and output characteristics allow the full power-
supply voltage to be used for signal range. The combi-
nation of low input offset voltage, low input bias current,
and high open-loop gain makes them suitable for low-
power/low-voltage precision applications.
♦ Available in Space-Saving 5-Pin SOT23 and
8-Pin µMAX Packages
Ord e rin g In fo rm a t io n
The MAX4040 is offered in a space-saving 5-pin SOT23
package. All specifications are guaranteed over the
-40°C to +85°C extended temperature range.
PIN-
SOT
PART
TEMP. RANGE
PACKAGE TOP MARK
MAX4040EUK-T -40°C to +85°C 5 SOT23-5
ACGF
—
MAX4040EUA
MAX4040ESA
MAX4041ESA
MAX4041EUA
MAX4042EUA
MAX4042ESA
MAX4043EUB
MAX4043ESD
MAX4044ESD
-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 10 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 14 SO
-40°C to +85°C 14 SO
—
________________________Ap p lic a t io n s
—
Battery-Powered
Systems
Strain Gauges
Sensor Amplifiers
Cellular Phones
Notebook Computers
PDAs
—
—
Portable/Battery-Powered
Electronic Equipment
—
—
Digital Scales
—
—
S e le c t o r Gu id e
P in Co n fig u ra t io n s
NO. OF
AMPS
TOP VIEW
PART
SHUTDOWN
PIN-PACKAGE
5-pin SOT23,
8-pin µMAX/SO
MAX4040
1
—
OUT
1
2
3
5
4
V
CC
MAX4041
MAX4042
1
2
Yes
—
8-pin µMAX/SO
8-pin µMAX/SO
MAX4040
V
EE
10-pin µMAX/
14-pin SO
MAX4043
MAX4044
2
4
Yes
—
IN+
IN-
14-pin SO
SOT23-5
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola Ltd.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800.
For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (V to V )..................................................+6V
10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C above +70°C) ...........444mW
14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)..............667mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
CC
EE
All Other Pins ...................................(V + 0.3V) to (V - 0.3V)
CC
EE
Output Short-Circuit Duration to V or V ..............Continuous
CC
EE
Continuous Power Dissipation (T = +70°C)
A
5-Pin SOT23 (derate 7.1mW/°C above +70°C).............571mW
8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) ..............330mW
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C).................471mW
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—T = +25°C
A
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = 0, V
= V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, unless otherwise noted.)
CC CC L CC
CC
EE
CM
OUT
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Inferred from PSRR test
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Supply-Voltage Range
V
CC
2.4
5.5
V
V
= 2.4V
= 5.0V
10
14
CC
Supply Current
per Amplifier
I
µA
µA
CC
–MAX04
V
CC
20
V
= 2.4V
= 5.0V
1.0
CC
Shutdown Supply
Current per Amplifier
SHDN = V , MAX4041
and MAX4043 only
EE
I
CC(SHDN)
V
CC
2.0
5.0
±2.0
±2.5
±1.50
±10
MAX4044ESD
MAX404_EU_
±0.20
±0.25
±0.20
±2
mV
Input Offset Voltage
V
V
≤ V ≤ V
OS
EE CM CC
All other packages
mV
nA
Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
I
V
≤ V ≤ V
B
EE CM CC
I
OS
V
EE
≤ V ≤ V
CC
±0.5
45
±3.0
nA
CM
V
- V
< 1.0V
> 2.5V
MΩ
kΩ
IN+
IN-
Differential Input
Resistance
R
IN(DIFF)
V
- V
IN-
4.4
IN+
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range
V
CM
Inferred from the CMRR test
V
EE
V
CC
V
MAX404_EU_
65
94
94
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
CMRR
PSRR
V
≤ V ≤ V
CC
dB
dB
dB
mV
mV
mA
dB
EE
CM
All other packages
70
Power-Supply
Rejection Ratio
2.4V ≤ V ≤ 5.5V
75
85
CC
R
R
R
R
R
R
= 100kΩ
= 25kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 25kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 25kΩ
94
85
10
60
10
40
0.7
2.5
L
L
L
L
L
L
Large-Signal
Voltage Gain
A
VOL
(V + 0.2V) ≤ V
≤ (V - 0.2V)
EE
OUT CC
74
Output Voltage
Swing High
Specified as
V
- V
V
OH
CC OH
90
60
Output Voltage
Swing Low
Specified as
V
- V
V
OL
EE OL
Sourcing
Sinking
Output Short-Circuit
Current
I
OUT(SC)
Channel-to-Channel
Isolation
Specified at DC, MAX4042/MAX4043/MAX4044 only
80
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—T = +25°C (continued)
A
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = 0, V
= V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, unless otherwise noted.)
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC CC L CC
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Output Leakage Current in
Shutdown
SHDN = V = 0, MAX4041/MAX4043 only
(Note 1)
EE
I
20
100
nA
OUT(SHDN)
V
IL
MAX4041/MAX4043 only
MAX4041/MAX4043 only
MAX4041/MAX4043 only
0.3 x V
V
V
SHDN Logic Low
CC
V
IH
0.7 x V
SHDN Logic High
CC
I
, I
IH IL
40
90
120
nA
SHDN Input Bias Current
Gain Bandwidth Product
Phase Margin
GBW
kHz
degrees
dB
Φ
68
m
Gain Margin
G
18
m
Slew Rate
SR
40
V/ms
nV/√Hz
pA/√Hz
pF
Input Voltage Noise Density
Input Current Noise Density
Capacitive-Load Stability
Power-Up Time
e
n
f = 1kHz
f = 1kHz
70
i
n
0.05
200
200
50
A
VCL
= +1V/V, no sustained oscillations
t
µs
ON
Shutdown Time
t
MAX4041 and MAX4043 only
MAX4041 and MAX4043 only
µs
SHDN
Enable Time from Shutdown
Input Capacitance
t
150
3
µs
EN
C
pF
IN
Total Harmonic Distortion
Settling Time to 0.01%
THD
f
= 1kHz, V
= 2Vp-p, A = +1V/V
0.05
50
%
IN
OUT
V
t
S
A
= +1V/V, V
= 2V
STEP
µs
V
OUT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—T = T
T
MAX
A
MIN
to
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = 0, V
= V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC CC L CC
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Supply-Voltage Range
V
CC
Inferred from PSRR test
2.4
5.5
V
Supply Current
per Amplifier
I
28
µA
µA
CC
Shutdown Supply
Current per Amplifier
I
6.0
SHDN = V , MAX4041 and MAX4043 only
CC(SHDN)
EE
MAX4044ESA
±4.5
±5.0
±3.5
Input Offset Voltage
V
OS
V
EE
≤ V ≤ V
CC
MAX404_EU_
All other packages
mV
CM
Input Offset Voltage Drift
Input Bias Current
TC
2
µV/°C
nA
VOS
I
V
≤ V ≤ V
CC
±20
±8
B
EE
CM
Input Offset Current
I
OS
V
EE
≤ V ≤ V
CC
nA
CM
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—T = T
T
(continued)
MAX
A
MIN
to
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = 0, V
= V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC CC L CC
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Inferred from the CMRR test
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range
V
CM
V
EE
V
CC
V
MAX404_EU_
All other packages
60
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
CMRR
PSRR
V
≤ V ≤ V
CC
dB
dB
EE
CM
65
Power-Supply
Rejection Ratio
2.4V ≤ V ≤ 5.5V
70
CC
Large-Signal Voltage
Gain
A
VOL
(V + 0.2V) ≤ V
≤ (V - 0.2V), R = 25kΩ
68
dB
EE
OUT
CC
L
Output Voltage Swing
High
Specified as
V
- V
, R = 25kΩ
V
125
75
mV
mV
L
CC
OH
OH
Output Voltage Swing
Low
Specified as
V - V , R = 25kΩ
L
EE OL
V
OL
–MAX04
Note 1: Tested for V ≤ V
≤ V . Does not include current through external feedback network.
CC
EE
OUT
Note 2: All devices are 100% tested at T = +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
A
__________________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC
EE
CM
CC
CC
L
CC
A
MAX4041/MAX4043
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT
PER AMPLIFIER vs. TEMPERATURE
SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER
vs. TEMPERATURE
20
18
5
SHDN = 0
16
14
12
10
8
4
3
2
1
0
V
CC
= +5.5V
V
= +5.5V
= +2.4V
CC
V
= +2.4V
CC
6
V
CC
4
2
0
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
-60 -40 -20
20 40 60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC
EE
CM
CC
CC
L
CC
A
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V = 2.4V)
CC
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
400
5.0
2.5
0
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
V
= +2.4V
CC
V
= 0
CM
V
= +2.4V
= +5.5V
CC
300
200
100
0
V
CC
-2.5
-5.0
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0.6
1.0
V
1.4
1.8
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
0
0.2
2.2
40
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
CM
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V = 5.5V)
OUTPUT SWING HIGH
vs. TEMPERATURE
CC
5.0
120
100
80
V
CC
= +5.5V
R TO V
L
EE
2.5
0
V
CC
= +2.4V, R = 10kΩ
L
60
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ
L
40
-2.5
-5.0
V
= +5.5V, R = 100kΩ
L
CC
20
0
V
= +2.4V, R = 100kΩ
L
CC
1.5
2.5
V
3.5
5.5
0
0.5
4.5
40
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
20
60 80 100
(V)
CM
COMMON-MODE REJECTION
vs. TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT SWING LOW
vs. TEMPERATURE
-80
-85
120
100
80
R TO V
L
CC
V
= +2.4V
= +5.5V
CC
-90
60
V
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ
L
CC
40
V
CC
V
CC
= +2.4V, R = 10kΩ
L
-95
V
= +5.5V, R = 100kΩ
L
CC
20
0
V
CC
= +2.4V, R = 100kΩ
L
-100
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
____________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC
EE
CM
CC
CC
L
CC
A
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING LOW
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING HIGH
(V = +2.4V, R TIED TO V )
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING LOW
(V = +5.5V, R TIED TO V
(V = +2.4V, R TIED TO V )
CC
)
CC
CC
L
CC
L
EE
CC
L
100
100
90
110
100
90
R = 100kΩ
L
90
80
R = 100kΩ
L
R = 100kΩ
L
80
R = 10kΩ
L
R = 20kΩ
L
R = 10kΩ
L
80
70
60
70
60
70
60
50
40
30
50
40
30
50
40
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
100
200
∆V (mV)
300
400
∆V (mV)
OUT
∆V (mV)
OUT
OUT
–MAX04
OPEN-LOOP GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING HIGH
(V = +5.5V, R TIED TO V )
OPEN-LOOP GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
CC
L
EE
110
105
100
95
110
105
100
95
110
100
R = 100kΩ
L
V
= +5.5V, R TO V
L EE
CC
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ TO V
L EE
90
80
V
CC
= +5.5V, R TO V
L CC
R = 20kΩ
L
90
90
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ TO V
L CC
V = +2.4V, R TO V
CC L EE
70
60
85
85
V
CC
= +2.4V, R TO V
L
CC
V
CC
= +2.4V, R = 10kΩ TO V
L EE
80
80
50
40
75
75
V
= +2.4V, R = 10kΩ TO V
L CC
CC
70
70
40
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
100
200
300
400
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
∆V (mV)
OUT
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
(NO LOAD)
(C = 100pF)
L
MAX4040/44-16
MAX4040/44-17
60
180
60
180
A = +1000V/V
V
A = +1000V/V
V
50
40
30
20
144
108
50
40
144
108
72
36
30
20
72
36
10
0
0
10
0
0
-36
-72
-108
-144
-36
-72
-108
-144
-10
-20
-30
-10
-20
-30
-40
-40
-180
-180
10
100
1k
10k
100k
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
6
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
____________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, SHDN = V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC
EE
CM
CC
CC
L
CC
A
MAX4042/MAX4043/MAX4044
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY
-60
-70
1
R = 10kΩ
L
-80
0.1
-90
-100
-110
R = 100kΩ
L
R = 10kΩ
L
0.01
100
10
1k
10k
1
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LOAD RESISTOR vs.
CAPACITIVE LOAD
(NONINVERTING)
MAX4040/44-21
1000
100
10
10%
OVERSHOOT
100mV
0V
IN
REGION OF
MARGINAL STABILITY
50mV/div
100mV
0V
OUT
REGION OF
STABLE OPERATION
10µs/div
0
250
500
(pF)
750
1000
C
LOAD
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
(INVERTING)
(INVERTING)
(NONINVERTING)
MAX4040/44-22
MAX4040/42/44-24
MAX4040/42/44-23
4.5V
0.5V
4.5V
100mV
0V
+2V
-2V
+2V
-2V
IN
IN
50mV/div
OUT
IN
2V/div
2V/div
OUT
100mV
0V
OUT
0.5V
10µs/div
100µs/div
100µs/div
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
______________________________________________________________P in De s c rip t io n
PIN
MAX4040
MAX4043
NAME
FUNCTION
MAX4041 MAX4042
MAX4044
SOT23-5 SO/µMAX
µMAX
SO
Amplifier Output. High impedance
when in shutdown mode.
1
2
6
4
6
4
—
4
—
4
—
—
11
OUT
Negative Supply. Tie to ground for
single-supply operation.
4
V
EE
3
4
5
3
2
7
3
2
7
—
—
8
—
—
10
—
—
14
—
—
4
IN+
IN-
Noninverting Input
Inverting Input
V
CC
Positive Supply
5, 7,
8, 10
No Connection. Not internally con-
nected.
—
1, 5, 8
1, 5
—
—
—
N.C.
Shutdown Input. Drive high, or tie to
—
—
8
—
—
—
—
V
for normal operation. Drive to V
SHDN
CC EE
to place device in shutdown mode.
–MAX04
OUTA,
OUTB
Outputs for Amplifiers A and B. High
impedance when in shutdown mode.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1, 7
2, 6
3, 5
1, 9
2, 8
3, 7
1, 13
2, 12
3, 11
1, 7
2, 6
3, 5
INA-,
INB-
Inverting Inputs to Amplifiers A and B
INA+,
INB+
Noninverting Inputs to Amplifiers A
and B
Shutdown Inputs for Amplifiers A
SHDNA,
SHDNB
and B. Drive high, or tie to V for
CC
normal operation. Drive to V to
EE
—
—
—
—
5, 6
6, 9
—
place device in shutdown mode.
Outputs for Amplifiers C and D
OUTC,
OUTD
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
8, 14
9, 13
INC-,
IND-
Inverting Inputs to Amplifiers C and D
INC+,
IND+
Noninverting Inputs to Amplifiers C
and D
10, 12
an excellent choice for precision or general-purpose,
low-voltage battery-powered systems.
_______________De t a ile d De s c rip t io n
Ra il-t o -Ra il In p u t S t a g e
The MAX4040–MAX4044 have rail-to-rail inputs and
rail-to-rail output stages that are specifically designed
for low-volta g e , s ing le -s up p ly op e ra tion. The inp ut
stage consists of separate NPN and PNP differential
stages, which operate together to provide a common-
mod e ra ng e e xte nd ing to b oth s up p ly ra ils . The
crossover region of these two pairs occurs halfway
Since the input stage consists of NPN and PNP pairs,
the input bias current changes polarity as the common-
mode voltage passes through the crossover region.
Match the effective impedance seen by each input to
reduce the offset error caused by input bias currents
flowing through external source impedances (Figures
1a and 1b). The combination of high source impedance
plus input capacitance (amplifier input capacitance
plus stray capacitance) creates a parasitic pole that
produces an underdamped signal response. Reducing
input capacitance or placing a small capacitor across
the feedback resistor improves response in this case.
between V
and V . The input offset voltage is typi-
CC
EE
cally 200µV. Low operating supply voltage, low supply
current, rail-to-rail common-mode input range, and rail-
to-rail outputs make this family of operational amplifiers
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
The MAX4040–MAX4044 family’s inputs are protected
from large differential input voltages by internal 2.2kΩ
series resistors and back-to-back triple-diode stacks
across the inputs (Figure 2). For differential input volt-
ages (much less than 1.8V), input resistance is typically
45MΩ. For differential input voltages greater than 1.8V,
input resistance is around 4.4kΩ, and the input bias
current can be approximated by the following equation:
MAX4040–
MAX4044
V
IN
R3
R1
R3 = R1 R2
I
= (V
- 1.8V) / 4.4kΩ
BIAS
DIFF
In the re g ion whe re the d iffe re ntia l inp ut volta g e
approaches 1.8V, the input resistance decreases expo-
nentially from 45MΩ to 4.4kΩ as the diode block begins
conducting. Conversely, the bias current increases with
the same curve.
R2
Ra il-to-Ra il Output Sta ge
The MAX4040–MAX4044 output stage can drive up to a
25kΩ load and still swing to within 60mV of the rails.
Figure 3 shows the output voltage swing of a MAX4040
configured as a unity-gain buffer, powered from a single
+4.0V supply voltage. The output for this setup typically
Figure 1a. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current
(Noninverting)
swings from (V + 10mV) to (V - 10mV) with a 100kΩ
load.
EE
CC
MAX4040–
MAX4044
Ap p lic a t io n s In fo rm a t io n
R3
P o w e r-S u p p ly Co n s id e ra t io n s
The MAX4040–MAX4044 operate from a single +2.4V to
+5.5V supply (or dual ±1.2V to ±2.75V supplies) and
consume only 10µA of supply current per amplifier. A
high power-supply rejection ratio of 85dB allows the
amplifiers to be powered directly off a decaying battery
voltage, simplifying design and extending battery life.
R3 = R1 R2
V
IN
R1
R2
P o w e r-Up S e t t lin g Tim e
The MAX4040–MAX4044 typ ic a lly re q uire 200µs to
power up after V
the outp ut is inde te rmina nt. The a pplic a tion c irc uit
should allow for this initial delay.
is stable. During this start-up time,
CC
Figure 1b. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current
(Inverting)
IN+
2.2k
IN-
2.2k
Figure 2. Input Protection Circuit
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
MAX4040-44 fig04
MAX4040-44 fig03
V = 2V
IN
R = 100kΩ TIED TO V
L
EE
R = 100kΩ TIED TO V
V = 4.0V
IN
L
EE
f
IN
= 1kHz
SHDN
1V/div
OUT
5V/div
1V/div
OUT
1V/div
IN
200µs/div
200µs/div
Figure 3. Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Voltage Range
Figure 4. Shutdown Enable/Disable Output Voltage
S h u t d o w n Mo d e
The MAX4041 (single) and MAX4043 (dual) feature a
low-power shutdown mode. When the shutdown pin
(SHDN) is pulled low, the supply current drops to 1µA
per amplifier, the amplifier is disabled, and the outputs
enter a high-impedance state. Pulling SHDN high or
leaving it floating enables the amplifier. Take care to
ensure that parasitic leakage current at the SHDN pin
does not inadvertently place the part into shutdown
mode when SHDN is left floating. Figure 4 shows the
output voltage response to a shutdown pulse. The logic
1200
–MAX04
V
= 5.5V, V = 200mV
OH
CC
1000
800
600
400
200
V
V
OH
= 2.4V,
= 200mV
CC
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 100mV
OH
V
V
OH
= 2.4V,
= 100mV
CC
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 50mV
OH
threshold for SHDN is always referred to V / 2 (not to
CC
V
CC
= 2.4V, V = 50mV
OH
GND). When using dual supplies, pull SHDN to V to
EE
0
enter shutdown mode.
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Lo a d -Drivin g Ca p a b ilit y
The MAX4040–MAX4044 are fully guaranteed over tem-
perature and supply voltage to drive a maximum resis-
Figure 5a. Output Source Current vs. Temperature
tive load of 25kΩ to V / 2, although heavier loads can
CC
be driven in many applications. The rail-to-rail output
stage of the amplifier can be modeled as a current
3000
source when driving the load toward V , and as a cur-
V = 5.5V, V = 200mV
CC OL
CC
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
rent sink when driving the load toward V . The magni-
EE
V
= 2.4V, V = 200mV
OL
CC
tud e of this c urre nt s ourc e /s ink va rie s with s up p ly
voltage, ambient temperature, and lot-to-lot variations
of the units.
V
= 5.5V,
= 100mV
CC
V
OL
Figures 5a and 5b show the typical current source and
sink capability of the MAX4040–MAX4044 family as a
function of supply voltage and ambient temperature.
The contours on the graph depict the output current
value, based on driving the output voltage to within
50mV, 100mV, and 200mV of either power-supply rail.
V
CC
= 2.4V, V = 100mV
OL
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 50mV
OL
V
CC
= 2.4V, V = 50mV
OL
0
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 5b. Output Sink Current vs. Temperature
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
For example, a MAX4040 running from a single +2.4V
supply, operating at T = +25°C, can source 240µA to
A
within 100mV of V and is capable of driving a 9.6kΩ
CC
load resistor to V
:
EE
R
ISO
2.4V - 0.1V
R
=
= 9.6kΩ to V
EE
L
240µA
R
L
C
L
The same application can drive a 4.6kΩ load resistor
MAX4040–
MAX4044
when terminated in V / 2 (+1.2V in this case).
CC
Drivin g Ca p a c it ive Lo a d s
The MAX4040–MAX4044 are unity-gain stable for loads
up to 200pF (see Load Resistor vs. Capacitive Load
g ra p h in Typ ic a l Op e ra ting Cha ra c te ris tic s ).
Applications that require greater capacitive drive capa-
bility should use an isolation resistor between the output
and the capacitive load (Figures 6a–6c). Note that this
alternative results in a loss of gain accuracy because
R
R + R
L
L
A =
V
≈ 1
ISO
Figure 6a. Using a Resistor to Isolate a Capacitive Load from
the Op Amp
MAX4040/42/44 fig06b
R
ISO
forms a voltage divider with the load resistor.
P o w e r-S u p p ly Byp a s s in g a n d La yo u t
50mV/div
50mV/div
IN
The MAX4040–MAX4044 family operates from either a
single +2.4V to +5.5V supply or dual ±1.2V to ±2.75V
s up p lie s . For s ing le -s up p ly op e ra tion, b yp a s s the
power supply with a 100nF capacitor to V (in this
EE
case GND). For dual-supply operation, both the V
CC
and V supplies should be bypassed to ground with
EE
OUT
separate 100nF capacitors.
Good PC board layout techniques optimize perfor-
mance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance
at the op amp’s inputs and output. To decrease stray
capacitance, minimize trace lengths by placing exter-
nal components as close as possible to the op amp.
Surface-mount components are an excellent choice.
100µs/div
R
ISO
= NONE, R = 100kΩ, C = 700pF
L
L
Figure 6b. Pulse Response without Isolating Resistor
Us in g t h e MAX4 0 4 0 –MAX4 0 4 4
a s Co m p a ra t o rs
MAX4040/42/44 fig06c
Although optimized for use as operational amplifiers,
the MAX4040–MAX4044 can also be used as rail-to-rail
I/O comparators. Typical propagation delay depends
on the input overdrive voltage, as shown in Figure 7.
External hysteresis can be used to minimize the risk of
output oscillation. The positive feedback circuit, shown
in Figure 8, causes the input threshold to change when
the output voltage changes state. The two thresholds
create a hysteresis band that can be calculated by the
following equations:
50mV/div
50mV/div
IN
OUT
V
= V - V
HI LO
HYST
100µs/div
= 1kΩ, R = 100kΩ, C = 700pF
V
LO
= V x R2 / (R1 + (R1 x R2 / R
) + R2)
IN
HYST
R
ISO
L
L
V
HI
= [(R2 / R1 x V ) + (R2 / R
) x V ] /
HYST CC
IN
(1 + R1 / R2 + R2 / R
)
HYST
Figure 6c. Pulse Response with Isolating Resistor
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
10,000
HYSTERESIS
V
HI
INPUT
V
OH
V
LO
t
+; V = +5V
PD CC
1000
100
10
V
OH
t
-; V = +5V
PD CC
OUTPUT
V
V
OL
t
+; V = +2.4V
PD CC
IN
R
HYST
t
-; V = +2.4V
PD CC
R1
R2
V
CC
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
(mV)
V
OUT
V
OD
MAX4040–
MAX4044
V
EE
Figure 7. Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive
–MAX04
V
The MAX4040–MAX4044 contain special circuitry to
boost internal drive currents to the amplifier output
stage. This maximizes the output voltage range over
which the amplifiers are linear. In an open-loop com-
parator application, the excursion of the output voltage
is so close to the supply rails that the output stage tran-
sistors will saturate, causing the quiescent current to
increase from the normal 10µA. Typical quiescent cur-
EE
Figure 8. Hysteresis Comparator Circuit
I
LOAD
rents increase to 35µA for the output saturating at V
CC
R1
and 28µA for the output at V
.
EE
V
CC
Us in g t h e MAX4 0 4 0 –MAX4 0 4 4
a s Ult ra -Lo w -P o w e r Cu rre n t Mo n it o rs
The MAX4040–MAX4044 are ideal for applications pow-
ered from a battery stack. Figure 9 shows an application
circuit in which the MAX4040 is used for monitoring the
current of a battery stack. In this circuit, a current load is
applied, and the voltage drop at the battery terminal is
sensed.
R2
Q1
V
OUT
The voltage on the load side of the battery stack is
equal to the voltage at the emitter of Q1, due to the
feedback loop containing the op amp. As the load cur-
rent increases, the voltage drop across R1 and R2
increases. Thus, R2 provides a fraction of the load cur-
rent (set by the ratio of R1 and R2) that flows into the
emitter of the PNP transistor. Neglecting PNP base cur-
rent, this current flows into R3, producing a ground-ref-
erenced voltage proportional to the load current. Scale
R1 to give a voltage drop large enough in comparison
R3
MAX4040
V
EE
Figure 9. Current Monitor for a Battery Stack
to V of the op amp, in order to minimize errors.
OS
For a 1V output and a current load of 50mA, the choice
of resistors can be R1 = 2Ω, R2 = 100kΩ, R3 = 1MΩ.
The circuit consumes less power (but is more suscepti-
ble to noise) with higher values of R1, R2, and R3.
The output voltage of the application can be calculated
using the following equation:
V
OUT
= [I
x (R1 / R2)] x R3
LOAD
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
_____________________________________________P in Co n fig u ra t io n s (c o n t in u e d )
TOP VIEW
N.C.
IN-
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
N.C.
OUTA
INA-
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
V
CC
N.C.
IN-
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
SHDN
VCC
OUT
N.C.
V
CC
OUTB
INB-
MAX4040
MAX4042
MAX4041
IN+
OUT
N.C.
INA+
IN+
V
EE
V
EE
INB+
V
EE
SO/µMAX
SO/µMAX
SO/µMAX
OUTA
INA-
1
14
V
OUTA
INA-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14 OUTD
13 IND-
12 IND+
CC
OUTA
INA-
1
10
9
V
CC
2
3
4
5
6
7
13 OUTB
12 INB-
11 INB+
10 N.C.
2
3
4
5
OUTB
INB-
MAX4043
INA+
INA+
INA+
8
V
EE
MAX4043
V
CC
11
V
EE
MAX4044
V
EE
7
INB+
N.C.
SHDNA
N.C.
INB+
INB-
10 INC+
SHDNA
6
SHDNB
9
8
SHDNB
N.C.
9
8
INC-
µMAX
OUTB
OUTC
SO
SO
___________________Ch ip In fo rm a t io n
MAX4040/MAX4041
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 234
MAX4042/MAX4043
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 466
MAX4044
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 932
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO V
EE
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
________________________________________________________P a c k a g e In fo rm a t io n
–MAX04
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
–MAX04
___________________________________________P a c k a g e In fo rm a t io n (c o n t in u e d )
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , Lo w -Co s t , S OT2 3 ,
Mic ro p o w e r, Ra il-t o -Ra il I/O Op Am p s
P a c k a g e In fo rm a t io n (c o n t in u e d )
–MAX04
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Ma x im In t e g ra t e d P ro d u c t s , 1 2 0 S a n Ga b rie l Drive , S u n n yva le , CA 9 4 0 8 6 4 0 8 -7 3 7 -7 6 0 0
© 1998 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
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