MCS3142-I/ST [MICROCHIP]
MCS3142 Dual KEELOQ® Technology Encoder Data Sheet;
| 型号： | MCS3142-I/ST |
| 厂家： | 
MICROCHIP |
| 描述： | MCS3142 Dual KEELOQ® Technology Encoder Data Sheet |
| 文件： | 总37页 (文件大小：888K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
MCS3142
®
MCS3142 Dual KEELOQ Technology Encoder Data Sheet
Features Overview:
Typical Applications:
MCS3142 is ideal for Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
applications. These applications include:
SECURITY
• Ultimate KEELOQ® Technology:
- Programmable 32-bit serial number
- AES-128 block cipher
- Programmable 128-bit crypt key
- Timekeeping based on external 32.768 kHz
crystal
• Automotive RKE Systems
• Automotive Alarm Systems
• Gate and Garage Door Openers
• Home Security Systems
• Security and Safety Sensors
• Remote Control
- 192-bit transmission code length:
- 32-bit unencrypted portion
• Remote Keypad
• Wireless Sensors
- 128-bit encrypted, hopping code portion
- 32-bit authorization check
Package Type:
• Classic KEELOQ Technology:
- Programmable 28-bit serial number
- Data based on Classic KEELOQ Technology:
- KEELOQ technology 32-bit block cipher
- Programmable 64-bit crypt key
- KEELOQ technology secure learn
- Programmable 60-bit seed value
- 66-bit transmission code length:
• 20-pin TSSOP
FIGURE 1:
20-PIN TSSOP
VDD
SOSCI
SOSCO
SW3
1
VSS
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
- 34-bit unencrypted portion
SW0
2
3
4
- 32-bit encrypted, hopping code portion
SW1
SW2
• Operating Features:
- 1.8 to 3.6V operation
- Four switch inputs
PGC
LED
5
- 15 functions available
- Configurable button modes
- One active-low LED drive
- Configurable minimum code word completion
• RF:
- Configurable bit rate
- Configurable modulation, supporting FSK
and OOK
DATA_OUT
PGD
VSS
VDD
6
CTRL_OUT
XTAL
7
8
13
12
11
CTRL_IN
RFOUT
DATA_IN
VSS
9
10
- Configurable data modulation, supporting
PWM and Manchester
• Other:
- Button inputs have internal pull-up resistors
- LED output
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 1
MCS3142
TABLE 1:
Name
PIN DESCRIPTION
20-Pin TSSOP
Input Type
Output Type
Description
VDD
1
2
Power
Analog
Analog
TTL
—
—
Power
SOSCI
SOSCO
SW3
Secondary Oscillator
Secondary Oscillator
Switch 3 Input
3
—
4
—
PGC
5
TTL
—
Programming Clock
Programming Data
No Connection; Tie to Vss
Power
PGD
6
TTL
TTL
—
—
7
—
VDD
8
Power
TTL
—
CTRL_IN
RFOUT
VSS
9
—
Transmitter Clock
Transmitter Output
Power
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
—
RF
—
Power
TTL
DATA_IN
XTAL
—
Transmitter Data
Transmitter Reference Oscillator
Transmitter Clock
Transmitter Data
LED Output (active-low)
Switch 2 Input
Analog
—
—
CTRL_OUT
DATA_OUT
LED
TTL
TTL
TTL
—
—
—
SW2
TTL
SW1
TTL
—
Switch 1 Input
SW0
TTL
—
Switch 0 Input
VSS
Power
—
Power
DS40001747A-page 2
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
Table of Contents
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
General Description................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Device Description .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
®
Classic KEELOQ Operation..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Ultimate KEELOQ Operation ..................................................................................................................................................... 18
Transmitter Operation.............................................................................................................................................................. 21
Device Operation..................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Integrating MCS3142 into a System........................................................................................................................................ 27
Electrical Specifications........................................................................................................................................................... 29
10.0 Packaging Information............................................................................................................................................................. 30
The Microchip Web Site....................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Customer Change Notification Service ................................................................................................................................................ 34
Customer Support................................................................................................................................................................................ 34
Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................. 35
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The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000000A is version A of document DS30000000).
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When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature number) you are
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2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 3
MCS3142
• Crypt Key: A unique and secret number (64-bit
for Classic KEELOQ technology, 128-bit for
Ultimate KEELOQ technology) used to encrypt and
decrypt data. In a symmetrical block cipher such
as those used on MCS3142, the encryption and
decryption keys are equal and, therefore, will
generally be referred to as the crypt key.
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
MCS3142 is a dual encoder, designed for secure
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) and secure remote
control systems. MCS3142 utilizes both the Classic
KEELOQ code hopping technology and the new
Ultimate KEELOQ technology time-stamping solution.
Both of these encoders incorporate high security, a
small package outline and low cost to make this device
a perfect solution for unidirectional authentication
systems and access control systems.
• Encoder: A device that generates and encodes
data
• Encryption Algorithm: A method whereby data
is scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only
be interpreted by the respective decryption
algorithm using the same crypt key.
Classic KEELOQ technology combines a hopping code
generated by a nonlinear encryption algorithm, a serial
number and Status bits to create a secure transmission
code. The length of the transmission eliminates the
threat of code scanning and code grabbing access
techniques.
• Decoder: A device that decodes data received
from an encoder
• Decryption Algorithm: A recipe whereby data,
scrambled by an encryption algorithm, can be
unscrambled using the same crypt key
Ultimate KEELOQ technology is generated using the
industry standard AES-128 encryption algorithm, a
serial number and a timer-driven message counter
which continuously increments, independent of events,
to provide a better, more secure solution. The
• Time-Stamp: The time-derived value recorded
with a message
• Learn: Learning involves the receiver calculating
the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting
the received hopping code and storing the serial
number, synchronization counter or timer value,
and crypt key in EEPROM. The KEELOQ technol-
ogy product family facilitates several learning
strategies to be implemented on the decoder. The
following are examples of what can be done:
timekeeping
jam-and-replay attack techniques.
functionality
protects
against
The crypt key, serial number and configuration data are
stored in an EEPROM array which is not accessible via
any external connection. The EEPROM data is
programmable but read-protected. The data can be
verified only after an automatic erase and programming
operation. This protects against attempts to gain
access to keys or manipulate synchronization values.
In addition, MCS3142 provides an easy to use serial
interface for programming the necessary keys, system
parameters and configuration data.
- Simple Learning: The receiver uses a fixed
crypt key. The crypt key is common to every
component used by the same manufacturer.
- Normal Learning: The receiver derives a
crypt key from the encoder serial number.
Every transmitter has a unique crypt key.
- Secure Learning: The receiver derives a
crypt key from the encoder seed value. Every
encoder has a unique seed value that is only
transmitted by a special button combination.
1.1
Key Terms
The following is a list of key terms used throughout this
data sheet. For additional information on KEELOQ tech-
nology and code hopping, refer to “An Introduction to
KEELOQ® Code Hopping” Technical Brief (DS91002).
• Manufacturer’s Code: A unique and secret
number (64-bit for Classic KEELOQ technology,
128-bit for Ultimate KEELOQ technology) used to
derive crypt keys. Each encoder is programmed
with a crypt key that is a function of the
• RKE: Remote Keyless Entry
• Function Code: It indicates what button input(s)
activated the transmission. It encompasses the
function code bits.
manufacturer’s
code.
Each
decoder
is
programmed with the manufacturer’s code itself.
• Code Hopping: A method by which a code,
viewed externally to the system, appears to
change unpredictably each time it is transmitted
The MCS3142 code hopping encoder is designed
specifically for keyless entry systems. Typical
applications include vehicles and home garage door
openers. The encoder portion of a keyless entry system
is integrated into a transmitter carried by the user. The
transmitter is operated to gain access to a vehicle or a
restricted area. MCS3142 is meant to be a cost-
effective, yet secure solution to such systems, requiring
very few external components (see Figure 2-1).
• Code Word: A block of data that is repeatedly
transmitted upon button activation
• Transmission: A data stream consisting of
repeating code words
DS40001747A-page 4
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
Most low-end keyless entry transmitters are given a
fixed identification code that is transmitted every time a
button is pushed. The number of unique identification
codes in a low-end system is usually a relatively small
number. These shortcomings provide an opportunity
for a sophisticated thief to create a device that ‘grabs’
a transmission and retransmits it later, or a device that
quickly ‘scans’ all possible identification codes until the
correct one is found.
MCS3142, on the other hand, employs both the Classic
and Ultimate KEELOQ code hopping technology. The
high-security level of MCS3142 is based on the
patented KEELOQ technology.
For Classic KEELOQ technology, a block cipher based
on a block length of 32 bits and a key length of 64 bits
is used. The algorithm obscures the information in such
a way that if a single hopping code data bit changes
(before encryption), statistically more than 50% of the
encrypted data bits will change.
Ultimate KEELOQ technology uses the industry
standard AES-128 encryption algorithm to obscure
data using 128 bits for both its block and key length. In
addition to the security of Classic KEELOQ technology,
Ultimate KEELOQ technology sends a time-stamp as
part of the transmission. This can prevent other more
sophisticated attacks such as the ‘jam-and-relay’
attack.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 5
MCS3142
2.0
DEVICE DESCRIPTION
As shown in the typical application circuit (Figure 2-1),
MCS3142 is a simple device to use. It requires only the
addition of buttons, an external 32.768 kHz watch
crystal, a transmitter reference oscillator, and RF
circuitry for use as the transmitter in your security
application. See Table 1 for a description of each pin.
FIGURE 2-1:
TYPICAL CIRCUIT
Rev. 20-000011A
9/23/2013
VDD
VDD
VDD
VSS
S0
CLKIN
CLKOUT
S3
B0
B1
B2
S1
S2
B3
PGC
PGD
NA
LED
DATA
CTRL
XTAL
DATA
VSS
VDD
CTRL
RFOUT
Matching
Circuit
Block
DS40001747A-page 6
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
3.0
MEMORY ORGANIZATION
MCS3142 has 128 bytes of configuration data. In
general, the Configuration bytes can be divided into
three categories: those options related to the Classic
KEELOQ technology encoder, those options related to
the Ultimate KEELOQ technology encoder, and those
options related to the transmitter and device operation
shared by the two encoders.
TABLE 3-1:
Address
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Size (Bytes)
Description
0x00-0x07
0x08-0x0F
0x10-0x13
0x14-0x15
0x16-0x17
0x18-0x19
0x1A
8
8
4
2
2
2
1
2
1
16
16
4
2
16
2
2
1
2
1
3
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
4
Classic KEELOQ® Technology Crypt Key
Classic KEELOQ Technology Seed Value
Classic KEELOQ Technology Serial Number
Classic KEELOQ Technology DISC Value
Classic KEELOQ Technology Encoder Configuration
Classic KEELOQ Technology Transmitter Configuration
Classic KEELOQ Technology Minimum Packet
Classic KEELOQ Technology Maximum Packet
Classic KEELOQ Technology Time Element PR2 Value
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Crypt Key
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Seed Value
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Serial Number
Reserved
0x1B-0x1C
0x1D
0x1E-0x2D
0x2E-0x3D
0x3E-0x41
0x42-0x43
0x44-0x53
0x54-0x55
0x56-0x57
0x58
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Authorization Code
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Encoder Configuration
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Transmitter Configuration
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Minimum Packet
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Maximum Packet
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Time Element PR2 Value
Encoder Frequency Setting
0x59-0x5A
0x5B
0x5C-0x5E
0x5F-0x60
0x61-0x62
0x63-0x65
0x66
Encoder Button Configuration
Seed Packet Button Configuration
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter CRC, Copy 1
Classic KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter, Copy 1
Classic KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter CRC, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Reset Counter, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Reset Counter CRC, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Low-Speed Timer, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Low-Speed Timer CRC, Copy 1
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter, Copy 2
Reserved
0x67-0x68
0x69
0x6A-0x6B
0x6C
0x6D-0x70
0x71
0x72-0x74
0x75
0x76-0x77
0x78
Classic KEELOQ Technology Synchronization Counter, Copy 2
Reserved
0x79-0x7A
0x7B
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Reset Counter, Copy 2
Reserved
0x7C-0x7F
Ultimate KEELOQ Technology Timer, Copy 2
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 7
MCS3142
3.1
Counter and Timer Protection
Because they are written during normal operation of
the device, the two synchronization counters, Reset
counter and time value receive special protection to
guard against data loss from unexpected power loss.
An 8-bit CRC is calculated and stored alongside each
variable. Further, each variable is duplicated in a
different portion of memory. Whenever a value is read,
the CRC is calculated and verified against the stored
value. If there is a mismatch, the second copy of the
data is read instead. The CRC calculation uses a
polynomial represented by
x8 + x4 + x3 + x2 + 1 .
Example 3-1 describes a sample C function to compute
this value.
EXAMPLE 3-1:
CRC CALCULATION
static uint8_t crc(const uint8_t* buffer, size_t len){
uint8_t bitcount;
uint8_t c = 0xFF;
while(len--)
{
c ^= *buffer++;
for(bitcount = 0; bitcount < 8; bitcount++){
if((c & 0x80)!= 0) {
c <<= 1;
c ^= 0x1D;
}else{
c <<= 1;
}
}
}
return ~c;
}
DS40001747A-page 8
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
3.2
Configuration Byte Details
The following tables describe Configuration bytes in
detail.
TABLE 3-2:
Byte Address
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY CRYPT KEY CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Bit Description Values
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
7:0 Crypt Key
Least Significant eight bits of the crypt key
Byte 1 of the crypt key
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the crypt key
Byte 3 of the crypt key
Byte 4 of the crypt key
Byte 5 of the crypt key
Byte 6 of the crypt key
Most Significant eight bits of the crypt key
TABLE 3-3:
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY SEED CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
7:0 Seed
Least Significant eight bits of the seed
Byte 1 of the seed
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the seed
Byte 3 of the seed
Byte 4 of the seed
Byte 5 of the seed
Byte 6 of the seed
Most Significant eight bits of the seed
TABLE 3-4:
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY SERIAL NUMBER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
7:0 Serial Number
Least Significant eight bits of the serial number
Byte 1 of the serial number
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the serial number
3:0
Most Significant four bits of the serial number
Maintain as ‘0000’
7:4 Reserved
TABLE 3-5:
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY DISC CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x14
0x15
7:0 DISC Value
1:0
Least Significant eight bits of DISC value
Most Significant two bits of DISC value
Maintain as ‘000000’
7:2 Reserved
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 9
MCS3142
TABLE 3-6:
Byte Address
0x16
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY ENCODER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Bit Description Values
7:6 Seed Option
00= No seed
01= Limited and immediate
10= Permanent and delayed
11= Permanent and immediate
Leave ‘0000’
5:2 Reserved
1:0 Time Element Clock Prescaler 00= 1:1
01= 1:4
10= 1:16
11= 1:64
0x17
7
Reserved
Leave ‘0’
6:5 Blank Alternate Code Word
Configuration
00= All words transmitted
01= One in two words transmitted
10= One in four words transmitted
11= Reserved; illegal value
—
4:1 Reserved
0
Line Encoding
0= PWM
1= Manchester
TABLE 3-7:
Byte Address
0x18
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY TRANSMITTER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Bit
Description
Values
7:5 Frequency Deviation
Low three bits of frequency deviation calculation (see
Section 6.4 “Center Frequency and Frequency Devia-
tion”)
4
Output Power
0= 0 dBm
1= +10 dBm
3:0 Reserved
Reserved, maintain as ‘1100’
Reserved, maintain as ‘0’
0= FSK
0x19
7
6
Reserved
Data Encoding
1= OOK
5
Band
0= 310-450 MHz
1= 868-870, 902-928 MHz
High five bits of frequency deviation calculation
4:0 Frequency Deviation
®
TABLE 3-8:
Byte Address
CLASSIC KEELOQ TECHNOLOGY MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM CODE WORDS COUNT
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Bit
Description
Values
0x1A
0x1B
7:0
7:0
Minimum Code Word Count Integer value of the minimum number of code words sent
Maximum Code Word Count Least Significant eight bits of value of the maximum
number of code words sent
0x1C
7:0
Most Significant eight bits of value of the maximum
number of code words sent
DS40001747A-page 10
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
TABLE 3-9:
CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY TIME ELEMENT VALUE CONFIGURATION
REGISTER
Byte Address
0x1D
Bit
Description
Values
7:0
Time Element Timer Value
See Section 6.2 “Baud Rate”
TABLE 3-10: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY CRYPT KEY CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Crypt Key
Values
0x1E
0x1F
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27
0x28
0x29
0x2A
0x2B
0x2C
0x2D
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
Least Significant eight bits of the crypt key
Byte 1 of the crypt key
Byte 2 of the crypt key
Byte 3 of the crypt key
Byte 4 of the crypt key
Byte 5 of the crypt key
Byte 6 of the crypt key
Byte 7 of the crypt key
Byte 8 of the crypt key
Byte 9 of the crypt key
Byte 10 of the crypt key
Byte 11 of the crypt key
Byte 12 of the crypt key
Byte 13 of the crypt key
Byte 14 of the crypt key
Most Significant eight bits of the crypt key
TABLE 3-11: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY SEED CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x2E
0x2F
0x30
0x31
0x32
0x33
0x34
0x35
0x36
0x37
0x38
0x39
0x3A
0x3B
0x3C
0x3D
7:0 Seed
7:0
Least Significant eight bits of the seed
Byte 1 of the seed
7:0
Byte 2 of the seed
7:0
Byte 3 of the seed
7:0
Byte 4 of the seed
7:0
Byte 5 of the seed
7:0
Byte 6 of the seed
7:0
Byte 7 of the seed
7:0
Byte 8 of the seed
7:0
Byte 9 of the seed
7:0
Byte 10 of the seed
Byte 11 of the seed
Byte 12 of the seed
Byte 13 of the seed
Byte 14 of the seed
Most Significant eight bits of the seed
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 11
MCS3142
TABLE 3-12: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY SERIAL NUMBER CONFIGURATION
REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x3E
0x3F
0x40
0x41
7:0 Serial Number
Least Significant eight bits of the serial number
Byte 1 of the serial number
7:0
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the serial number
Most Significant eight bits of the serial number
TABLE 3-13: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY AUTHORIZATION KEY CONFIGURATION
REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Authorization Key
Values
0x44
0x45
0x46
0x47
0x48
0x49
0x4A
0x4B
0x4C
0x4D
0x4E
0x4F
0x50
0x51
0x52
0x53
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
Least Significant eight bits of the authorization key
Byte 1 of the authorization key
Byte 2 of the authorization key
Byte 3 of the authorization key
Byte 4 of the authorization key
Byte 5 of the authorization key
Byte 6 of the authorization key
Byte 7 of the authorization key
Byte 8 of the authorization key
Byte 9 of the authorization key
Byte 10 of the authorization key
Byte 11 of the authorization key
Byte 12 of the authorization key
Byte 13 of the authorization key
Byte 14 of the authorization key
Most Significant eight bits of the authorization key
TABLE 3-14: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY ENCODER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Seed Option
Values
0x54
7:6
00= No seed
01= Limited and immediate
10= Permanent and delayed
11= Permanent and immediate
Leave ‘0000’
5:2
1:0
Reserved
Time Element Clock Prescaler 00= 1:1
01= 1:4
10= 1:16
11= 1:64
DS40001747A-page 12
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
TABLE 3-14: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY ENCODER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
0x55
7
Reserved
Leave ‘0’
6:5
Blank Alternate Code Word
Configuration
00= All words transmitted
01= One in two words transmitted
10= One in four words transmitted
11= Reserved; illegal value
4:1
0
Reserved
Line Encoding
0= PWM
1= Manchester
TABLE 3-15: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY TRANSMITTER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x56
7:5 Frequency Deviation
Low three bits of frequency deviation calculation (see
Section 6.4 “Center Frequency and Frequency
Deviation”)
4
Output Power
0= 0 dBm
1= +10 dBm
3:0 Reserved
Reserved, maintain as ‘1100’
Reserved, maintain as ‘0’
0= FSK
0x57
7
6
Reserved
Data Encoding
1= OOK
5
Band
0= 310-450 MHz
1= 868-870, 902-928 MHz
4:0 Frequency Deviation
High five bits of frequency deviation calculation (see
Section 6.4 “Center Frequency and Frequency
Deviation”)
TABLE 3-16: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM CODE WORDS
COUNT CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x58
7:0
Minimum Code Word Count
Integer value of the minimum number of code words
sent
0x59
0x5A
7:0
7:0
Maximum Code Word Count
Least Significant eight bits of value of the maximum
number of code words sent
Most Significant eight bits of value of the maximum
number of code words sent
TABLE 3-17: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY TIME ELEMENT VALUE CONFIGURATION
REGISTER
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x5B
7:0
Time Element Timer Value
See Section 5.2 “Encoder Time-Stamp”
TABLE 3-18: ENCODER FREQUENCY CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
RF Frequency
Values
0x5C
0x5D
0x5E
7:0
7:0
7:0
Least Significant Byte of encoder frequency
Middle byte of encoder frequency
Most Significant Byte of encoder frequency
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 13
MCS3142
TABLE 3-19: ENCODER BUTTON ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
®
0x5F
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Encoder Assignment when S0, S1, S2 active; S3 inactive 0= Classic KEELOQ
®
1= Ultimate KEELOQ
Encoder Assignment when S1, S2 active; S0, S3 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0, S2 active; S1, S3 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S2 active; S0, S1, S3 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0, S1 active; S2, S3 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S1 active; S0, S2, S3 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0 active; S1, S2, S3 inactive
Reserved
0x60
Encoder Assignment when S0, S1, S2, S3 active
Encoder Assignment when S1, S2, S3 active; S0 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0, S2, S3 active; S1 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S2, S3 active; S0, S1 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0, S1, S3 active; S2 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S1, S3 active; S0, S2 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S0, S3 active; S1, S2 inactive
Encoder Assignment when S3 active; S0, S1, S2 inactive
TABLE 3-20: SEED BUTTON ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x61
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Seed Assignment when S0, S1, S2 active; S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S1, S2 active; S0, S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0, S2 active; S1, S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S2 active; S0, S1, S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0, S1 active; S2, S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S1 active; S0, S2, S3 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0 active; S1, S2, S3 inactive
Reserved
0= Typical transmission
1= Seed transmission
0x62
Seed Assignment when S0, S1, S2, S3 active
Seed Assignment when S1, S2, S3 active; S0 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0, S2, S3 active; S1 inactive
Seed Assignment when S2, S3 active; S0, S1 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0, S1, S3 active; S2 inactive
Seed Assignment when S1, S3 active; S0, S2 inactive
Seed Assignment when S0, S3 active; S1, S2 inactive
Seed Assignment when S3 active; S0, S1, S2 inactive
DS40001747A-page 14
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
®
TABLE 3-21: ULTIMATE KEELOQ TECHNOLOGY SYNCHRONIZATION COUNTER INITIAL VALUE
REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x63
0x64
0x65
0x66
7:0
7:0
7:0
7:0
Synchronization Counter Value,
Primary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Middle byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
Synchronization Counter CRC
See Section 3.1 “Counter and Timer Pro-
tection”
0x72
0x73
0x74
7:0
7:0
7:0
Synchronization Counter Value,
Secondary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Middle byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
TABLE 3-22: CLASSIC KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY SYNCHRONIZATION COUNTER INITIAL VALUE
REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x67
0x68
0x69
7:0
7:0
7:0
Synchronization Counter Value,
Primary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
Synchronization Counter CRC
See Section 3.1 “Counter and Timer Pro-
tection”
0x76
0x77
7:0
7:0
Synchronization Counter Value,
Secondary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
TABLE 3-23: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY RESET COUNTER INITIAL VALUE REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x6A
0x6B
0x6C
7:0 Synchronization Counter Value,
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
Primary Copy
7:0
7:0 Synchronization Counter CRC
7:0 Synchronization Counter Value,
See Section 3.1 “Counter and Timer Pro-
tection”
0x79
0x7A
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
Secondary Copy
7:0
TABLE 3-24: ULTIMATE KEELOQ® TECHNOLOGY TIMER INITIAL VALUE REGISTERS
Byte Address
Bit
Description
Values
0x6D
0x6E
0x6F
0x70
0x71
7:0 Timer Value, Primary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Byte 1 of the counter value
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the counter value
7:0
Most Significant Byte of counter value
7:0 Timer CRC
See Section 3.1 “Counter and Timer Pro-
tection”
0x7C
0x7D
0x7E
0x7F
7:0 Timer Value, Secondary Copy
Least Significant Byte of counter value
Byte 1 of the counter value
7:0
7:0
7:0
Byte 2 of the counter value
Most Significant Byte of counter value
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 15
MCS3142
®
4.0
CLASSIC KEELOQ
TECHNOLOGY OPERATION
4.1
Synchronization Counter
This is the 16-bit synchronization value that is used to
create the hopping code for transmission. This value
will be incremented after every transmission. The initial
value of the synchronization counter may be set via the
Synchronization Counter Initial Value registers (see
Table 3-22).
4.2
DISC Bits
The Discrimination bits are used to validate the
decrypted code word. The discrimination value is
typically programmed with the ten Least Significant bits
of the serial number or some other fixed value, as
desired by the manufacturer.
The Discrimination bits are programmed into the
Configuration registers at program-time. SeeTable 3-5.
4.3
Function Code (Button Status
Code)
The function code is a bitmapped representation of the
state of each button on the transmitter. States are
active-high.
®
TABLE 4-1:
CLASSIC KEELOQ BUTTON
CODE TRANSLATION
Button
Function Code
S0
S1
S2
S3
xxx1
xx1x
x1xx
1xxx
4.4
Serial Number
Each Classic KEELOQ encoder transmits its 28-bit serial
number with each transmission. It is intended that this
serial number be unique to a system. It is set in the
Serial Number Configuration registers, described in
Table 3-4.
DS40001747A-page 16
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
4.5
Code Word Format
®
FIGURE 4-1:
CLASSIC KEELOQ CODE WORD FORMAT
Rev. 20-000 006A
8/29/201 3
34 bits
Fixed Portion
32 bits
Encrypted Portion
Counter
Over
Flow
Function
Code
Function
Code
Sync
Blank
2-bits
Serial Number
DISC
Counter
4-bits
28-bits
4-bits
2-bits
10-bits
16-bits
4.5.1
HOPPING CODE PORTION
The hopping code portion is calculated by encrypting
the synchronization counter, discrimination value and
function code with the encoder key. The hopping code
is calculated when a button press is registered.
4.5.2
FIXED CODE PORTION
The fixed code portion consists of 28 bits of the serial
number and a copy of the 4-bit function code. Two bits
of constant zero are prepended to the fixed code
portion.
4.5.3
SEED WORD FORMAT
A seed transmission transmits a code word that
consists of 60 bits of fixed data that is stored in the NVM
by the manufacturer. This can be used for secure
learning of encoders or whenever a fixed code
transmission is required. The seed code word format is
shown is Figure 4-2. The function code for a seed
transmission is always ‘1111’.
The seed word is transmitted whenever
a
seed-configured button combination is registered. If the
Delayed option is enabled, the encoder will transmit 25
typical code words before transmitting seed words. If
the Limited option is enabled, the seed word will only
be transmitted if the encoder’s synchronization counter
is less than 256. If the synchronization counter is above
this, a typical code word will be transmitted instead.
®
FIGURE 4-2:
CLASSIC KEELOQ SEED WORD FORMAT
Rev. 20-000008A
10/2/2013
6 bits
Fixed
60 bits
Seed
Function
Blank
2-bits
Serial Number
60-bits
Code
4-bits
Note: In Seed code word, the fixed portion is sent as 0b001111.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 17
MCS3142
5.4
Battery Level and Low Battery
Flag
5.0
ULTIMATE KEELOQ
TECHNOLOGY OPERATION
Each Ultimate KEELOQ transmission contains a battery
level indicator byte. It includes 7-bit digital
5.1
Synchronization Counter
a
representation of the battery level and a 1-bit low
battery flag. The battery level is captured by measuring
an on-board 1.024V source using the battery as
reference. The low battery flag is high whenever the
measured battery voltage is estimated to be below
2.5V. Equation 5-1 converts the reference value into a
voltage.
The
synchronization
counter
is
an
always-incrementing, event-based counter. The
counter is incremented whenever a new button
combination is registered and a new code word is
prepared.
For increased security, the synchronization counter will
not overflow. The device will cease operating when the
counter reaches its maximum value.
EQUATION 5-1:
The initial value of the synchronization counter may be
set via the Synchronization Counter Initial Value
registers (see Table 3-21).
1.024 27
VBAT = ------------------------
BATT
5.2
Encoder Time-Stamp
MCS3142 requires an external 31.768 kHz oscillator
connected to the secondary oscillator drive pins of the
internal timer. This timer is used to track the passage of
time over the lifetime of the encoder. Each Ultimate
KEELOQ transmission includes this time with
quarter-second resolution (i.e., each count represents
one quarter of a second).
5.5
Button Press Timer
The button press timer is a high-resolution timer
representing the duration of the current button press at
the time the code word was prepared. Each count
represents 50 ms of time. It resets whenever a new
button combination is registered.
The initial value of the timer may be set at programming
time via the Timer Initial Value registers, described in
Table 3-24.
5.6
Delta Time
The delta time represents the elapsed time since the
previous code word was sent. The timer increments
every second.
5.3
Function Code
The function code is a bitmapped representation of the
state of each button on the transmitter. States are
5.7
Reset Counter
active-high.
The Reset counter is an always-incrementing counter
representing the number of Power-on Reset events
experienced by the device. It is intended to be used by
the receiver as an indication that the transmitter has
been without power and that there will be a discrepancy
in the time-stamp.
®
TABLE 5-1:
ULTIMATE KEELOQ
FUNCTION CODE
TRANSLATION
Button
Function Code
S0
S1
S2
S3
xxx1
xx1x
x1xx
1xxx
For increased security, the Reset counter will not
overflow. The device will cease operating when the
counter reaches its maximum value.
The initial value of the Reset counter may be set using
the Reset Counter Configuration registers, described in
Table 3-23.
DS40001747A-page 18
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
5.8
Authorization Code
The Authorization Code is a cryptographically-strong
industry standard representation of the code word
suitable for authentication and integrity verification. It is
generated by using the on-board AES encryption
algorithm in CBC-MAC mode. The calculation takes
place over the entire code word, including the
encrypted and unencrypted portions, using the
Authorization Key as input. Figure 5-1 shows a
representation of how this calculation is performed.
This calculation is truncated to its Least Significant 32
bits for transmission.
The Authorization Code requires a shared secret called
the Authorization Key. This key is set in the
Authorization Key Configuration Register, described in
Table 3-13.
FIGURE 5-1:
AUTHORIZATION CODE
CALCULATION
Encrypted
Code Word
Serial
Number
0
Authorization
Key
Authorization
Code
E
E
5.9
Serial Number
Each Ultimate KEELOQ encoder transmits its 32-bit
serial number with each transmission. It is intended
that this serial number be unique to a system. It is set
in the Serial Number Configuration registers, described
in Table 3-12.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 19
MCS3142
5.10 Code Word Format
The Ultimate KEELOQ technology code word is 192 bits
long. It comprises three sections (see Figure 5-2):
• 32 bits of the encoder’s serial number
• 128 bits of the encrypted hopping code
• 32 bits of authorization code
These segments are described in detail in the following
sections.
®
FIGURE 5-2:
ULTIMATE KEELOQ CODE WORD FORMAT
Rev. 20-000 009A
8/29/201 3
32 bits
Fixed Portion
32 bits
Auth Portion
128 bits Encrypted Hopping Code
Delta
Time
Sync
Function Low Speed
Battery
Button
Timer
Resync
Counter
Authorization
Code
Serial Number
32-bits
Counter
Code
Timestamp
24-bits
24-bits
8-bits
8-bits
32-bits
16-bits
16-bits
32-bits
5.10.1
HOPPING CODE PORTION
The hopping portion of an Ultimate KEELOQ code word
contains nearly all of the transmitted data. The
time-stamp and Button Timer ensure that each
transmission is unique.
5.10.2
FIXED CODE PORTION
The fixed, unencrypted portion of an Ultimate KEELOQ
code word consists of the encoder’s serial number.
Unlike Classic KEELOQ, there is no copy of the function
code.
5.10.3
AUTHORIZATION CODE
The 32-bit Authorization Code is appended after the
hopping portion of the code word.
5.11 Seed Word Format
The seed word is used when pairing the transmitter to
a receiver using a secure learn methodology.
®
FIGURE 5-3:
ULTIMATE KEELOQ SEED WORD FORMAT
Rev. 20-000010A
10/2/2013
32 bits
Fixed Portion
32 bits
Auth Portion
128 bit Seed
Authorization
Code
Serial Number
Seed
Note: In the Seed code word, the serial number is sent as 0xFFFFFFFF.
DS40001747A-page 20
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
6.0
6.1
TRANSMITTER OPERATION
Data Modulation Format and Baud
Rate
A transmission is made of up several code words. Each
code word contains a preamble, header and data. A
code word is separated from another code word by
guard time.
All timing specifications for the modulation formats are
based on a basic Time Element, described as TE. See
Section 6.2 “Baud Rate” for details on baud rate
calculation. This timing element can be set to a wide
range of values. The length of the preamble, header
and guard is fixed.
The data modulation format is selected for each
encoder. See Table 3-6 for the Classic KEELOQ
encoder and Table 3-14 for Ultimate KEELOQ encoder.
FIGURE 6-1:
PWM TRANSMISSION FORMAT
Rev. 20-000 003A
8/29/201 3
TE TE
TE
Logic ‘0’
Logic ‘1’
TBP
1
16
3-10 TE
Guard
Time
31 TE Preamble
Header
Encrypted Portion
Fixed Code Portion
FIGURE 6-2:
MANCHESTER TRANSMISSION FORMAT
Rev. 20-000 004A
8/29/201 3
TE
TE
Logic ‘0’
Logic ‘1’
TBP
START bit bit 0 bit 1 bit 2
16
STOP bit
1
2
Guard
Time
Preamble
Header
Encrypted Portion
Fixed Code Portion
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 21
MCS3142
6.2
Baud Rate
The baud rate of an encoder’s transmission is highly
configurable using two configuration options:
• The Time Element Clock Prescaler
• The Time Element Clock Value
Each encoder has its own independent configuration
and can therefore operate at a rate independent of the
other encoder. See Table 3-6 and Table 3-9 for the
Classic KEELOQ encoder and Table 3-14 and Table 3-17
for the Ultimate KEELOQ encoder.
The Time Element is calculated using the formula in
Equation 6-1.
EQUATION 6-1:
4
TE = PRE TIME -----------------
8 106
Table 3-17 lists appropriate settings for some baud
rates common to KEELOQ systems.
TABLE 6-1:
TE (µs)
CONFIGURATION FOR
COMMON BAUD RATES
PRE
TIME
100
200
400
800
1:1
1:4
200
100
200
100
1:4
1:16
6.3
Transmission Modulation Format
The RF transmission can be configured to modulate
using Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) or On-Off Keying
(OOK). Each encoder may be configured
independently. See Table 3-7 and Table 3-15 for the
Classic KEELOQ and Ultimate KEELOQ encoders,
respectively.
DS40001747A-page 22
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
6.4
Center Frequency and Frequency
Deviation
The RF transmitter is capable of generating many of
the popular RF frequencies that are permitted within
the radio regulations of the country the finished product
will be sold. The RF frequency configuration is
performed by selecting the frequency band, the
reference crystal frequency and the frequency value to
be stored in the Encoder Frequency Configuration
register. If FSK modulation is used, the frequency
deviation is set in the Transmitter Configuration
register.
Unlike other configuration options, the two encoders of
the MCS3142 device share the same frequency
configuration, which is shown in Table 3-18. Frequency
deviation is individually configurable. See Table 3-7
and Table 3-15 for the Classic KEELOQ and Ultimate
KEELOQ encoders, respectively.
6.4.1
BAND SELECTION
The Band bit in the Transmitter Configuration register
configures the RF transmitter for a range of frequencies
for a given crystal frequency, as shown in Table 6-2. The
Transmitter Configuration registers are shown in Table 3-
7 for the Classic KEELOQ encoder and Table 3-15 for the
Ultimate KEELOQ encoder.
Although each encoder has its own band selection
configuration, the requirements of proper antenna
tuning and the inability to configure the fundamental
frequency per encoder will likely require that this setting
be identical for both encoders.
TABLE 6-2:
Reference Oscillator
(fREF
FREQUENCY CALCULATION(1)
Frequency Range
(fRF
Band
fRF Equation
fDEV Equation
)
)
22 MHz
24 MHz
26 MHz
0
310-450 MHz
312-450 MHz
338-450 MHz
860-928 MHz
fRF
14fDEV
DF = 214----------
DA = 2 -----------
fREF
fREF
1
fRF
13fDEV
DF = 213----------
DA = 2 -----------
fREF
fREF
Note 1: 212992 < DF < 344064 and 10 kHz fDEV 200kHz.
The reference crystal frequency tolerance and
frequency stability over the operating temperature
range depend on the system frequency budget.
Typically, the receiver crystal frequency tolerance,
stability and receiver bandwidth will have the greatest
influence. For OOK modulation, the transmitted RF
signal should remain inside the receiver bandwidth,
otherwise signal degradation will occur. For FSK
modulation, fRF should remain inside the receiver
bandwidth and within 0.5 fDEV
As a general practice, do not choose an RF transmit
signal with an integer or near integer multiple of fXTAL
.
.
This will result in higher noise and spurious emissions.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 23
MCS3142
6.4.2
CRYSTAL SELECTION
Once the frequency band has been selected, the choice
of crystal frequency is flexible provided the crystal
meets the specifications summarized in Table 6-3, the
boundaries of the Encoder Frequency Configuration
value are followed and the RF transmit frequency error
is acceptable to the system design.
TABLE 6-3:
Symbol
CRYSTAL RESONATOR SPECIFICATIONS
Description
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
fREF
CL
Crystal Frequency
22
—
—
—
15
—
26
—
MHz
pF
Load Capacitance
ESR
Equivalent Series Resistance
100
Ω
6.4.3
FREQUENCY CALCULATION
Once the frequency band and crystal frequency are
selected, the transmit frequency is calculated by setting
the Encoder Frequency Configuration bits according to
the formula shown in Table 6-2. If the calculated value
for Encoder Frequency Configuration is not an integer,
there will be an associated transmit frequency error.
6.4.4
POWER OUTPUT
The RF output power is configurable to either +0 dBm
or +10 dBm (typical). This option is configurable for
each encoder. See Table 3-7 for the Classic KEELOQ
encoder and Table 3-15 for the Ultimate KEELOQ
encoder.
DS40001747A-page 24
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
typical code word or a seed word for the assigned
encoder. This gives complete flexibility to the system
designer.
7.0
7.1
DEVICE OPERATION
LED Operation
The button configuration is stored as two 16-bit words.
Each bit in a Configuration Word represents one
particular combination of active/inactive states of the
buttons. The bit is determined by taking the four
switches as one 4-bit value, with S0 being Least
Significant, followed by S1, S2 and S3. For example,
the Configuration bit corresponding to S1 and S2 active
(or binary ‘1’) and S0 and S3 inactive (or binary ‘0’) is
The LED pin will be driven low periodically while
MCS3142 is transmitting data. This output is designed
to drive an external LED with an appropriate
current-limiting resistor. The duty cycle varies between
normal operation and a low battery condition (see
Figure 7-1). Refer to Section 5.4 “Battery Level and
Low Battery Flag” for details on low battery
conditions.
S3S2S1S0 = 01102 = 6
given by
. Configuration
bit zero is considered “do not care” as it represents all
buttons in their inactive state, which is a special
condition for the encoder.
FIGURE 7-1:
LED OPERATION
Rev. 20-000012A
9/25/2013
One Configuration Word controls the encoder
assignment, with a ‘0’ representing the Classic KEELOQ
encoder and a ‘1’ representing the Ultimate KEELOQ
encoder. The second word controls transmission type,
with ‘0’ representing a typical transmission and ‘1’
S[3210]
VDD > VLOW
TLEDON
TLEDOFF
representing
a seed transmission. Because the
LED
MCS3142 memory is byte-oriented, each 16-bit
Configuration Word is stored as two 8-bit bytes in “little
endian” order. See Table 3-19 for encoder assignment
and Table 3-20 for seed assignment.
TLEDON = 200 ms
TLEDOFF = 800 ms
VDD < VLOW
TLEDON TLEDOFF
Table 7-1 may assist in calculating configuration values
by iterating all button state combinations in the order in
which they correspond to Configuration bits. In this
worksheet, each column represents a specific set of
states of the buttons, which in turn represents one bit in
the Configuration Word. A stated button, for example
S0 or S1, represents that button in its active state. A
hyphen in place of a switch label represents that switch
in its inactive state. Once all states have been assigned
an encoder and a transmission type, the result can be
examined as a 16-bit binary number and transcribed
into the configuration values.
LED
TLEDON = 200 ms
TLEDOFF = 200 ms
7.2
Button Configuration
MCS3142 allows all combinations of the four buttons to
be individually assigned to an encoder. Each
combination can also be assigned to transmit either a
TABLE 7-1:
BUTTON CONFIGURATION WORKSHEET
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S0
—
S1
S2
S3
S1
S2
S3
—
S2
S3
—
S2
S3
S1
—
S1
—
—
—
—
—
S1
S2
—
S1
S2
—
—
S2
—
—
S2
—
S1
—
—
S1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
S3
S3
S3
S3
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
BTN
CFG
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ =
___
Button Configuration Byte 1
Button Configuration Byte 0
LSb
* 0 = Classic KeeLoq, 1 = Ultimate KeeLoq
Seed
CFG
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ =
___
Seed Button Configuration Byte 1
Seed Button Configuration Byte 0
LSb
* 0 = Typical transmission, 1 = Seed transmission
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 25
MCS3142
7.3
Code Word Completion
MCS3142 always ensures that a full and complete
code word is transmitted even if all buttons are
released before transmission is complete. Multiple
code words may be transmitted after release to comply
with the minimum code word configuration option.
7.4
Minimum and Maximum Code
Word
The Minimum and Maximum Code Word feature places
boundaries on the total duration of a transmission.
This feature is configured by setting the number of
code words for a given encoder. The device will always
transmit a complete code word. Because the code
word durations are fixed and known, it is possible to
convert code word counts into a duration time.
Code word duration is fixed and based on the selected
bit rate, data encoding method and encoder type. As
described in Section 6.1 “Data Modulation Format
and Baud Rate”, all timing is derived from TE, the Time
Element, which describes the duration of a single
element of transmission. A Manchester-encoded signal
has two TE per bit; a PWM-encoded signal has three TE
per bit.
This feature is configured with the Minimum and
Maximum Code Words Count Configuration registers
(see Table 3-8 for the Classic KEELOQ encoder and
Table 3-16 for the Ultimate KEELOQ encoder). Table 7-2
defines equations to convert code word length into time.
TABLE 7-2:
TRANSMISSION DURATION EQUATIONS
Data Encoding
Manchester
Encoder Type
Code Word Duration
TC = 187TE + 23.979 ms
TC = 201TE + 23.979 ms
TC = 437TE + 46.527 ms
TC = 629TE + 46.527 ms
Classic KEELOQ® Encoder
PWM
Manchester
PWM
Ultimate KEELOQ® Encoder
7.5
Blank Alternate Code Word
The Blank Alternate Code Word feature may be used to
reduce the average power of a transmission by
transmitting only every second or every fourth code word.
Enabling this option may allow the manufacturer to
transmit
a higher amplitude transmission as the
time-averaged power is reduced. This feature is
configured in the Encoder Configuration registers, see
Table 3-6 for the Classic KEELOQ encoder and Table 3-14
for the Ultimate KEELOQ encoder.
DS40001747A-page 26
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
8.1
Decoder Operation
8.0
INTEGRATING MCS3142 INTO
A SYSTEM
The decoder waits until a transmission is received. The
received serial number is compared to the EEPROM
table of learned transmitters to first determine if this
transmitter’s use is allowed in the system. If from a
paired transmitter, the transmission is decrypted using
the stored crypt key and authenticated via the
Discrimination bits for appropriate crypt key usage. If
the decryption is valid, the synchronization value is
evaluated (see Figure 8-1).
FIGURE 8-1:
TYPICAL DECODER
OPERATION
Rev. 20-000013A
1/29/2014
Start
8.2
Synchronization with a Decoder
No
No
Transmission
Received?
Note:
The synchronization method described in
this section is an exemplar method. It may
be altered to fit the needs and capabilities
of a particular system.
Yes
The KEELOQ technology includes a sophisticated
synchronization technique that does not require the
calculation and storage of future codes. The technique
securely blocks invalid transmission while providing
Does
Serial
Number
Match?
transparent
resynchronization
to
transmitters
inadvertently activated away from the receiver.
Yes
Figure 8-2 shows three-partition,
a
rotating
Decrypt Transmission
Synchronization window. The size of each window is
optional but the technique is fundamental. Each time a
transmission is authenticated, the intended function is
executed and the transmission’s synchronization
counter value is stored in EEPROM. From the currently
stored counter value there is an initial Single Operation
Forward window of 16 codes. If the difference between
a received synchronization counter and the last stored
counter is within 16, the intended function will be
executed on a single button press and the new
synchronization counter will be stored. Storing the new
synchronization counter value effectively rotates the
entire Synchronization window.
Is
No
Decryption
Valid?
Yes
Execute
Command and
Update Counter
Yes
Is Counter
Within 16?
A
Double Operation (Resynchronization) window
No
further exists from the Single Operation window up to
32K code forward of the currently stored counter value.
It is referred to as Double Operation because a
transmission with a synchronization counter in this
window will require an additional, sequential counter
transmission prior to executing the intended function.
Upon receiving the sequential transmission the
decoder executes the intended function and stores the
synchronization counter value. This resynchronization
occurs transparently to the user, as it is human nature
to press the button a second time if the first was
unsuccessful.
No
Is Counter
Within 32K?
Yes
Save Counter in
Temporary Location
The third window is a Blocked window ranging from the
Double Operation window to the currently stored
synchronization counter value. Any transmission with
synchronization counter value within this window will
be ignored. This window excludes previously used
code-grabbed transmissions from accessing the
system.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 27
MCS3142
FIGURE 8-2:
SYNCHRONIZATION WINDOW
The main benefit of hopping codes is to prevent the
retransmission of captured code words. This works
very well for code words which the receiver decodes.
Its weakness is that, if a code is captured when the
receiver misses it, the code may trick the receiver once
if it is used before the next valid transmission. The
receiver should increment the counter on questionable
code word receptions. The transmitter should use
separate buttons for lock and unlock functions. A
different method would be to require two different
buttons in sequence to gain access.
8.3
Security Considerations
The strength of this security is based on keeping a
secret inside the transmitter that can be verified by
encrypted transmissions to a trained receiver. The
transmitter’s secret is the manufacturer’s key, not the
encryption algorithm. If that key is compromised, then
a smart transceiver can capture any serial number,
create a valid code word and trick all receivers trained
with that serial number. The key cannot be read from
the EEPROM without costly die probing, but it can be
calculated by brute force decryption attacks on
transmitted code words. The cost for these attacks
should exceed what the manufacturer would want to
protect.
There are more ways to make KEELOQ systems more
secure, but they all have trade-offs. The user should
find a balance between security, design effort and
usability, particularly in failure modes. For example, if a
button sticks or kids play with it, the counter should not
advance into the Blocked Code window, rendering the
transmitter useless or requiring retraining.
To protect the security of other receivers with the same
manufacturer’s code, the manufacturer should use the
random seed for secure learn. It is a second secret that
is unique for each transmitter. Its transmission on a
special button press combination can be disabled if the
receiver has another way to find it, or limited to the first
127 transmissions for the receiver to learn it. This way,
it is very unlikely to ever be captured. If
a
manufacturer’s key is compromised, clone transmitters
can be created, but without the unique seed, they have
to be relearned by the receiver. In the same way, if the
transmissions are decrypted by brute force on a
computer, the random seed hides the manufacturer’s
key and prevents more than one transmitter from being
compromised.
The length of the code word at these baud rates make
brute force attacks that guess the hopping code take
years. To make the receiver less susceptible to this
attack, it should test all bits in the decrypted code for
the correct value, not just the low counter bits and
function code.
DS40001747A-page 28
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
9.0
9.1
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(†)
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Ambient temperature under bias........................................................................................................ -40°C to +85°C
Storage temperature ........................................................................................................................ -55°C to +150°C
Voltage on pins with respect to VSS
on VDD pin ................................................................................................................................... -0.3V to +4V
on all other pins ............................................................................................................ -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
Maximum current
on any output pin ................................................................................................................................ 25 mA
† NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those
indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure above maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
9.2
Standard Operating Conditions
The standard operating conditions for any device are defined as:
Operating Voltage:
Operating Temperature:
VDDMIN VDD VDDMAX
TA_MIN TA TA_MAX
VDD — Operating Supply Voltage
VDDMIN ................................................................................................................................................... +1.8V
VDDMAX .................................................................................................................................................. +3.6V
TA — Operating Ambient Temperature Range
TA_MIN .................................................................................................................................................... -40°C
TA_MAX................................................................................................................................................... +85°C
IDD — Supply Current
At 315 MHz, +10 dBm, FSK, typical(1) ................................................................................................ +15 mA
At 315 MHz, +10 dBm, OOK, typical(1) ............................................................................................... +11 mA
At 315 MHz, +0 dBm, FSK, typical(1) .................................................................................................... +9 mA
At 915 MHz, +10 dBm, FSK, typical(1) ............................................................................................. +17.5 mA
At 915 MHz, +0 dBm, FSK, typical(1) ............................................................................................... +10.5 mA
IPD — Standby Current
VDD = 3 V, typical(1)............................................................................................................................. +2.3 µA
VDD = 3 V, maximum.............................................................................................................................. +4 µA
VIH — Input High Voltage, minimum.............................................................................................. 0.25 VDD + 0.8V
VIL — Input Low Voltage, maximum ..........................................................................................................0.15 VDD
VOH — Output High Voltage
IOH = 3 mA, VDD = 3.3V, minimum..................................................................................................VDD – 0.7V
VOL — Output Low Voltage
IOL = 6 mA, VDD = 3.3V, maximum .........................................................................................................+0.6V
ILED — LED Sink Current, maximum .......................................................................................................... +25 mA
Note 1: Typical values are at 25°C.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 29
MCS3142
10.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION
10.1 Package Marking Information
20-Lead TSSOP
Example
MCS3142
e
3
017
-I/ST
1406
Legend: XX...X Customer-specific information
Y
YY
WW
NNN
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
e
3
*
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator (
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
)
e
3
Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
*
Standard PIC® device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and traceability
code. For PIC device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check with your Microchip
Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP price.
DS40001747A-page 30
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
10.2
Package Details
The following sections give the technical details of the packages.
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2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 31
MCS3142
Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40001747A-page 32
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
APPENDIX A: DATA SHEET
REVISION HISTORY
Revision A (03/2014)
Initial release of the data sheet.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 33
MCS3142
THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at
www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means
to make files and information easily available to
customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet
browser, the web site contains the following
information:
Users of Microchip products can receive assistance
through several channels:
• Distributor or Representative
• Local Sales Office
• Field Application Engineer (FAE)
• Technical Support
• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,
application notes and sample programs, design
resources, user’s guides and hardware support
documents, latest software releases and archived
software
Customers
should
contact
their
distributor,
representative or Field Application Engineer (FAE) for
support. Local sales offices are also available to help
customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is
included in the back of this document.
• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,
online discussion groups, Microchip consultant
program member listing
Technical support is available through the web site
at: http://microchip.com/support.
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and
ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,
listing of seminars and events, listings of
Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory
representatives
CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION
SERVICE
Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep
customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers
will receive e-mail notification whenever there are
changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a
specified product family or development tool of interest.
To register, access the Microchip web site at
www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on
“Customer Change Notification” and follow the
registration instructions.
DS40001747A-page 34
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
MCS3142
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
(1)
[X]
PART NO.
X
/XX
XXX
-
Examples:
a) MCS3142 - I/ST
Device Tape and Reel
Option
Temperature
Range
Package
Pattern
Industrial temperature,
TSSOP package
Device:
MCS3142
Tape and Reel
Option:
Blank = Standard packaging (tube or tray)
T
= Tape and Reel(1)
Temperature
Range:
I
=
-40C to +85C (Industrial)
Package:(2)
Pattern:
ST
=
TSSOP
Note 1:
Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the
catalog part number description. This
identifier is used for ordering purposes and is
not printed on the device package. Check
with your Microchip Sales Office for package
availability with the Tape and Reel option.
QTP, SQTP, Code or Special Requirements
(blank otherwise)
2:
For other small form-factor package
availability and marking information, please
visit www.microchip.com/packaging or
contact your local sales office.
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 35
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
FlashFlex, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro,
PICSTART, PIC logo, rfPIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash
and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
32
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MTP, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions
Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of
Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, BodyCom,
chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM,
dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,
ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB
Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code
Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, SQI, Serial Quad I/O,
Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock, ZENA
and Z-Scale are trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
GestIC and ULPP are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of
Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2013, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-63276-006-7
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CERTIFIED BY DNV
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
== ISO/TS 16949 ==
DS40001747A-page 36
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
Worldwide Sales and Service
AMERICAS
ASIA/PACIFIC
ASIA/PACIFIC
EUROPE
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277
Technical Support:
http://www.microchip.com/
support
Asia Pacific Office
Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor
Tower 6, The Gateway
Harbour City, Kowloon
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Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
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Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
Fax: 91-80-3090-4123
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Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
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Tel: 45-4450-2828
Fax: 45-4485-2829
India - New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
Fax: 91-11-4160-8632
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Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
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Tel: 91-20-3019-1500
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Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
Fax: 61-2-9868-6755
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
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Tel: 81-6-6152-7160
Fax: 81-6-6152-9310
Germany - Dusseldorf
Tel: 49-2129-3766400
Atlanta
Duluth, GA
Tel: 678-957-9614
Fax: 678-957-1455
China - Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
Fax: 86-10-8528-2104
Germany - Munich
Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Japan - Tokyo
Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770
Fax: 81-3-6880-3771
China - Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
Fax: 86-28-8665-7889
Austin, TX
Tel: 512-257-3370
Germany - Pforzheim
Tel: 49-7231-424750
Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
Boston
China - Chongqing
Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
Fax: 86-23-8980-9500
Italy - Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611
Fax: 39-0331-466781
Westborough, MA
Tel: 774-760-0087
Fax: 774-760-0088
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
China - Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-8792-8115
Fax: 86-571-8792-8116
Italy - Venice
Tel: 39-049-7625286
Chicago
Itasca, IL
Tel: 630-285-0071
Fax: 630-285-0075
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 60-3-6201-9857
Fax: 60-3-6201-9859
China - Hong Kong SAR
Tel: 852-2943-5100
Fax: 852-2401-3431
Cleveland
Independence, OH
Tel: 216-447-0464
Fax: 216-447-0643
Poland - Warsaw
Tel: 48-22-3325737
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
China - Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
Fax: 86-25-8473-2470
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
China - Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
Fax: 86-532-8502-7205
Sweden - Stockholm
Tel: 46-8-5090-4654
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
Detroit
Novi, MI
Tel: 248-848-4000
China - Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-5407-5533
Fax: 86-21-5407-5066
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5800
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
Taiwan - Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-5778-366
Fax: 886-3-5770-955
Houston, TX
Tel: 281-894-5983
China - Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
Fax: 86-24-2334-2393
Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-213-7830
China - Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8864-2200
Fax: 86-755-8203-1760
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2508-8600
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
Los Angeles
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
New York, NY
Tel: 631-435-6000
San Jose, CA
Tel: 408-735-9110
China - Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
Canada - Toronto
Tel: 905-673-0699
Fax: 905-673-6509
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
03/13/14
2014 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001747A-page 37
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