USQ40 [MURATA]
Single Output; 单路输出®
®
INNOVATION and EXCELLENCE
Single Output
USQ 40A Models
OBSOLETDUCT
Contact Factory foReplacemet Model
High-Current, Quarter-Brick
40 Amp, DC/DC Converters
An unrivaled combination of power, size, long-term reliability and affordable cost
defines DATEL’s new 40 Ampere output series Quarter-Bricks. By exploiting a fully
synchronous forward topology and the newest available components, the USQ 40A
model converters achieve an 89% efficiency. The extremely high efficiency enables
these units to reliably deliver up to 40 Amps of output power from a low-height
profile, industry-standard “quarter-brick” format package (1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40") with
aluminum baseplate and open-to-airflow shell. The USQ 40A models are a pin-
compatible, high-current, companion product family to DATEL’s USQ 30A and 20A
families, and the ULQ Series 10A and 15A family of quarter bricks.
Features
ꢀ To 40 Amperes Output Current
ꢀ Low-profile, industry standard
quarter-brick package and pinout;
1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40"
ꢀ 24V and 48V nominal inputs
ꢀ Output Voltages: 1.2/1.5/1.8/2.5/3.3V
ꢀ Outstanding efficiency: 89%
Additional features include output noise of 110 millivolts, 0.05% line/load regu-
lation maximum, and quick transient response (200μsec to 1%). Device functionality
includes remote on/off control (positive or negative polarity), and output trim (+10%,
–20%), sense function, and nominal input ranges of 24V (18-36V) and 48V (36-75V).
In order to safeguard both the power converter and its load, USQ 40A models,
offers the most extensive I/O protection including input undervoltage lockout, and
reverse-polarity protection, as well as output overvoltage protection, current limiting,
short-circuit protection (“hiccup” technique), and thermal shutdown (and optional
input overvoltage lockout).
ꢀ Full synchronous-rectifier topology
ꢀ 110mVp-p noise
ꢀ Fast transient response (200μsec to 1%)
ꢀ Impressive 0.05% line/load regulation
ꢀ Fully isolated, 1500Vdc guaranteed
ꢀ Fully I/O protected;Thermal shutdown
ꢀ Remote On/Off control
The USQ 40A Series are designed to meet the BASIC insulation requirements of
UL1950 and EN60950. The “D48” models carry the CE mark. Safety certifications, as
well as EMC compliance testing and qualification testing (including HALT), have been
successfully completed. Contact DATEL for the latest information.
ꢀ Output trim and sense functions
ꢀ UL1950/EN60950 approvals, HALT
tested, EMI compliant
+SENSE
(7)
+VOUT
(8)
+VIN
(3)
SWITCH
CONTROL
–VOUT
(4)
–VIN
(1)
–SENSE
(5)
PWM
CONTROLLER
OPTO
ISOLATION
REFERENCE &
ERROR AMP
V
OUT
TRIM
(6)
INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE, INPUT
OVERVOLTAGE, AND OUTPUT
OVERVOLTAGE COMPARATORS
* Can be ordered with positive (standard) or negative (optional) polarity.
REMOTE
ON/OFF
CONTROL*
(2)
Figure 1. Simplified Schematic
DATEL, Inc., Mansfield, MA 02048 (USA)
·
Tel: (508)339-3000, (800)233-2765 Fax: (508)339-6356
·
Email: sales@datel.com
·
Internet: www.datel.com
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
➀
Performance Specifications and Ordering Guide
Output
Input
Package
(Case,
Pinout)
➂
R/N (mVp-p)
Regulation (Max.)
VIN Nom.
(Volts)➄
Range
(Volts)➄
IIN ➅
V
(Volts)
OUT
➁
I
OUT
Model
(Amps)
Typ.
Max.
Line
Load ➃
(Amps)
Efficiency
USQ-1.2/40-D24
USQ-1.2/40-D48
USQ-1.5/40-D24
USQ-1.5/40-D48
USQ-1.8/40-D24
USQ-1.8/40-D48
USQ-2.5/40-D24
USQ-2.5/40-D48
USQ-3.3/35-D24
USQ-3.3/35-D48
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.5
3.3
3.3
40
40
40
40
40
40
90
80
110
110
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
24
48
24
48
24
48
18-36
36-75
18-36
36-75
18-36
36-75
2.4/3.5
1.23/1.76
2.9/4.0
1.5/2.1
3.5/4.9
1.8/2.5
4.7/7.0
2.4/3.3
5.4/7.5
2.8/3.9
80%
82%
84%
84%
84%
84%
88%
88%
89%
89%
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
C33, P32
110
110
100
100
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
Contact Factory for Replacement Model
40
40
35
35
145
145
155
155
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
24
48
24
48
18-36
36-75
18-36
36-75
➀ Typical at T = +25°C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless otherwise
noted. All models are tested and specified with external output capacitors (1μF ceramic in
parallel with 10μF tantalum).
➁ Contact DATEL for fixed output voltages (such as 2V) other than those listed.
➂ Ripple/Noise (R/N) is tested/specified over a 20MHz bandwidth. Output noise may be further
reduced with the installation of additional external output filtering. See I/O Filtering, Input
Ripple Current, and Output Noise for details.
A
➃ The load-regulation specs apply over the 0-100% range. All models in the USQ Series have
no minimum-load requirements and will regulate within spec under no-load conditions (with
perhaps a slight increase in ripple/noise). Additionally, all models are unconditionally stable,
including start-up and short-circuit-shutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000μF.
➄ Contact DATEL for VIN ranges other than those listed.
➅ For each model, the two listed dc currents are for the following conditions: full load/nominal
input voltage and full load/low line voltage (36V). The latter is usually the worst-case condition
for input current.
P A R T N U M B E R S T R U C T U R E
Negative Trim: Contact DATEL for "D" suffixed negative trim devices. See Technical Notes.
-
SQ 2.5 40 D48
N
D
/ -
U
Output Configuration:
U = Unipolar/Single
Remote On/Off Control Polarity: Add "P" for positive polarity (pin 2 open = converter on)
Add "N" for negative polarity (pin 2 open = converter off)
Input Voltage Range:
D48 = 36-75 Volts (48V nominal)
Quarter-Brick Package
Note: Not all part number
combinations are available.
Contact DATEL.
Nominal Output Voltage:
1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.5 or 3.3 Volts
Maximum Rated Output
Current in Amps
M E C H A N I C A L S P E C I F I C A T I O N S
2.28
(57.91)
Case C33
1.860
(47.24)
A
2.28 (57.91)
BAR CODE AND
SERIAL NUMBER
APPLIED TO
THIS SURFACE.
MODEL NUMBER ON
OPPOSITE SURFACE.
0.40 MAX.
(10.16)
Optional
Heat Sink
1.03
(26.16)
1.45
(36.83)
PINS 1-3, 5-7:
0.040 0.001 (1.016 0.025)
0.15 MIN (3.81)
STANDOFF
0.015 (0.38)
PINS 4, 8:
0.062 0.001 (1.575 0.025)
OPEN-FRAME, CAST
ALUMINUM CASE
2.00 (50.80)
A
A
0.140 DIA. (3.56) (4 PLACES)
1.860 (47.24)
I/O Connections
Pin Function P32
*
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
–Input
Remote On/Off*
+Input
1
2
3
4
5
6
MATERIAL: BLACK ANODIZED ALUMINUM
(4) 0.170 DIA.
#M3 THD. THRU
WITH 0.090
0.10
(2.54)
–Output
7
8
* USQ SERIES HEATSINKS ARE AVAILABLE IN 3 HEIGHTS:
0.25 (6.35), 0.50 (12.70) AND 1.00 (25.4)
THREAD RELIEF
–Sense
Output Trim
+Sense
Heat Sink Ordering Information
Heat Sink Height
DATEL Part Number
BOTTOM VIEW
+Output
0.300
(7.62)
0.600 (15.24)
4 EQ. SP. @
0.150 (3.81)
0.25 inches (6.35mm)
0.50 inches (12.70mm)
1.00 inches (25.40mm)
HS-QB25
HS-QB50
HS-QB100
DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES (MM)
* The Remote On/Off
can be provided with
either positive (standard)
or negative (optional)
polarity.
➀
➁
DATEL conforms to industry-standard quarter-brick pinout (see Figure 15).
All heat sinks include 4 mounting screws and a thermal pad.
A "baseplate only" model with a maximum height of 0.375" (9.53mm) is
available with the addition of an "H" suffix. Contact DATEL.
If using heatsinks other than DATEL's HS-QB series, the screw length
should accomodate the 0.090 thread relief.
2
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
Performance/Functional Specifications
Typical @ TA = +25°C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless noted.
Dynamic Characteristics
See Dynamic Load Response
(1)
Dynamic Load Response (11)
under Technical Notes
Input
Start-Up Time: (4) (12)
VIN to VOUT
Input Voltage Range:
5msec typical, 8msec maximum
5msec typical, 8msec maximum
D24 Models
D48 Models
18-36 Volts (24V nominal)
36-75 Volts (48V nominal)
On/Off to VOUT
(11)Environmental
Overvoltage Shutdown
None (3)
Switching Frequency
Start-Up Threshold: (4)
D24 Models
(13)
Calculated MTBF:
15.5-18 Volts (16.5V nominal)
28.5-36 Volts (30V typical)
USQ-1.2/40-D24 -D48
USQ-1.5/40-D24 -D48
USQ-1.8/40-D24 -D48
USQ-2.5/40-D24 -D48
USQ-3.3/35-D24 -D48
>2.5 million hours
>2.5 million hours
>2.5 million hours
>2.5 million hours
>2.5 million hours
D48 Models
Undervoltage Shutdown: (4)
D24 Models
14-16.5 Volts (15.3V nominal)
27-29.5 Volts (28.3V typical)
D48 Models
(4) (14)
Operating Temperature (Ambient):
Without Derating
Input Current:
Model and air flow dependent
To +110°C (baseplate)
Normal Operating Conditions
Inrush Transient
See Ordering Guide
0.05A2 sec maximum
With Derating
(4) (14)
Standby Mode:
Baseplate Temperature:
Off, UV, Thermal Shutdown
4mA
Maximum Allowable
Thermal Shutdown
+110°C
+115-122°C, +118°C typical.
Input Reflected Ripple Current (5)
6mAp-p
Physical
1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40" (36.8 x 57.9 x 10.2mm)
IInternal Input Filter Type:
D24 Models
Pi (0.01μF - 1.5μH - 3.3μF)
Pi (0.01μF - 4.7μH - 3.3μF)
Dimensions
Case Material
Baseplate Material
Shielding
D48 Models
Cast aluminum
Aluminum
Reverse-Polarity Protection (3)
1 minute duration, 5A maximum
(6)
Remote On/Off Control (Pin 2):
Neither the aluminum case nor baseplate
are connected to a package pin
Positive Logic ("P" Suffix Models)
On = open, open collector or
2.5-5V applied. IIN = 150μA max.
Off = pulled low to 0-0.8V IIN = 800μA max.
On = pulled low to 0-0.8V IIN = 800μA max.
Off = open, open collector or
Pin Material
Weight:
Brass, solder coated
Negative Logic ("N" Suffix Models)
1.52 ounces (43 grams)
Primary-to-Secondary Insulation Level Basic
2.5-5V applied. IIN = 150μA max.
(1)
All models are tested and specified with external output capacitors (1μF ceramic in parallel
with 10μF tantalum) and, unless otherwise noted. These converters have no minimum-load
requirements and will effectively regulate under no-load conditions.
Output
Minimum Loading
No load
(2)
(3)
(4)
((5)
Contact DATEL for input voltage ranges other than those listed.
Maximum Capacitive Loading (7)
25,000μF
See Absolute Maximum Ratings for allowable input voltages.
VOUT Accuracy (Full Load):
Initial
See Technical Notes/Performance Curves for additional explanations and details.
Input Ripple Current is tested/specified over a 5-20MHz bandwidth with an external 33μF input
capacitor and a simulated source impedance of 220μF and 12μH. See I/O Filtering, Input
Ripple Current and Output Noise for details. The 24V input models can benefit by increasing the
33μF external input capacitance to 100μF, if the application has a high source impedance.
The On/Off Control is designed to be driven with open-collector (or equivalent) logic or the
application of appropriate voltages (referenced to –Input (pin 1). See Remote On/Off Control
for more details.
1% maximum
0.02% per °C
3%
Temperature Coefficient
Extreme (8)
VOUT Trim Range (9)
+10%, –20%
(6)
(4)
Remote Sense Compensation
+10%
(7)
(8)
(9)
Ripple/Noise (20MHz BW)
Line/Load Regulation
Efficiency
See Ordering Guide
See Ordering Guide
See Ordering Guide
USQ Series DC/DC converters are unconditionally stable, including start-up and short-circuit-
shutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000μF.
Extreme Accuracy refers to the accuracy of either trimmed or untrimmed output voltages over
all normal operating ranges and combinations of input voltage, output load and temperature.
See Output Trimming for detailed trim equations.
Isolation Voltage:
Input-to-Output
Input-to-Case
(10)
The Current-Limit Inception point is the output current level at which the USQ’s power-limiting
circuitry drops the output voltage 10% from its initial value. See Output Current Limiting and
Short-Circuit Protection for more details.
1500Vdc minimum
1500Vdc minimum
1500Vdc minimum
(11)
See Dynamic Load Response under Technical Notes for detailed results including switching
frequencies. DATEL has performed extensive evaluations of Dynamic Load Response. In addi
tion to the 10μF || 1μF external capacitors, specifications are also given for 220μF || 1μF
external output capacitors for quick comparison purposes.
Output-to-Case
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance
100MΩ
650pF
(12)
(13)
For the Start-Up Time specifications, output settling is defined by the output voltage having
reached 1% of its final value.
Current Limit Inception (90% VOUT) (10) 50A typical
MTBF’s are calculated using Telcordia SR-332 (Bellcore) Method 1 Case 3, ground fixed
conditions, +40°C case temperature, and full-load conditions. Contact DATEL for demonstrated
life-test data.
Short Circuit: (4)
Current
Hiccup
Duration
Continuous
(14)
All models are fully operational and meet published specifications, including "cold start," at –40°C.
Overvoltage Protection: (4)
Magnetic feedback
1.7 Volts
1.2VOUT
1.5VOUT
1.8VOUT
2.5VOUT
2.2 Volts
2.7 Volts
3.8 Volts
3
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
impedance as highly inductive source impedance can affect system stability.
In Figure 2, CBUS and LBUS simulate a typical dc voltage bus.Your specific
system configuration may necessitate additional considerations.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Input Voltage:
Continuous:
24V models
39 Volts
50 Volts
48V models
81 Volts
100 Volts
Transient (100msec)
In critical applications, output ripple/noise (also referred to as periodic and
random deviations or PARD) can be reduced below specified limits using
filtering techniques, the simplest of which is the installation of additional
external output capacitors. Output capacitors function as true filter elements
and should be selected for bulk capacitance, low ESR, and appropriate
frequency response. In Figure 3, the two copper strips simulate real-world
pcb impedances between the power supply and its load. Scope measurements
should be made using BNC connectors or the probe ground should be less
than ½ inch and soldered directly to the fixture.
Input Reverse-Polarity Protection
Input Current must be <5A. 1 minute
duration. Fusing recommended.
Output Current
Current limited. Devices can withstand
an indefinite output short circuit.
On/Off Control (Pin 2) Max. Voltages
Referenced to –Input (pin 1)
–0.3 to +7 Volts
–40 to +125°C
+300°C
Storage Temperature
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.)
These are stress ratings. Exposure of devices to any of these conditions may adversely
affect long-term reliability. Proper operation under conditions other than those listed in the
Performance/Functional Specifications Table is not implied, nor recommended.
All external capacitors should have appropriate voltage ratings and be
located as close to the converter as possible. Temperature variations for all
relevant parameters should be taken into consideration. OS-CONTM organic
semiconductor capacitors (www.sanyo.com) can be especially effective for
further reduction of ripple/noise.
T E C H N I C A L N O T E S
The most effective combination of external I/O capacitors will be a function
of line voltage and source impedance, as well as particular load and layout
conditions. Our Applications Engineers can recommend potential solutions
and discuss the possibility of our modifying a given device’s internal filtering
to meet your specific requirements. Contact our Applications Engineering
Group for additional details.
Removal of Soldered USQ's from PCB's
Should removal of the USQ from its soldered connection be needed, it is very
important to thoroughly de-solder the pins using solder wicks or de-soldering
tools. At no time should any prying or leverage be used to remove boards that
have not been properly de-soldered first.
Input Source Impedance
USQ converters must be driven from a low ac-impedance input source.
The DC/DC’s performance and stability can be compromised by the use of
highly inductive source impedances. The input circuit shown in Figure 2 is a
practical solution that can be used to minimize the effects of inductance in
the input traces. For optimum performance, components should be mounted
close to the DC/DC converter. The 24V models can benefit by increasing
the 33μF external input capacitors to 100μF, if the application has a high
source impedance.
7
COPPER STRIP
+SENSE
8
+OUTPUT
RLOAD
SCOPE
C1
C2
4
5
–OUTPUT
–SENSE
COPPER STRIP
I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current, and Output Noise
C1 = 1μF CERAMIC
C2 = 10μF TANTALUM
All models in the USQ Series are tested/specified for input ripple current (also
called input reflected ripple current) and output noise using the circuits and
layout shown in Figures 2 and 3.
LOAD 2-3 INCHES (51-76mm) FROM MODULE
Figure 3. Measuring Output Ripple/Noise (PARD)
TO
CURRENT
PROBE
OSCILLOSCOPE
Input Overvoltage Shutdown
3
1
+INPUT
–INPUT
Standard USQ DC/DC converters do not feature overvoltage shutdown.
They are equipped with this function, however. Many of our customers need
their devices to withstand brief input surges to 100V without shutting down.
Consequently, we disabled the function. Please contact us if you would like it
enabled, at any voltage, for your application.
L
BUS
+
VIN
C
BUS
CIN
–
C
IN = 33μF, ESR < 700mΩ @ 100kHz
BUS = 220μF, ESR < 100mΩ @ 100kHz
Start-Up Threshold and Undervoltage Shutdown
C
L
BUS = 12μH
Under normal start-up conditions, the USQ Series will not begin to regulate
properly until the ramping input voltage exceeds the Start-Up Threshold.
Once operating, devices will turn off when the applied voltage drops below
the Undervoltage Shutdown point. Devices will remain off as long as the
undervoltage condition continues. Units will automatically re-start when the
applied voltage is brought back above the Start-Up Threshold. The hyster-
esis built into this function avoids an indeterminate on/off condition at a single
input voltage. See Performance/Functional Specifications table for actual limits.
Figure 2. Measuring Input Ripple Current
External input capacitors (CIN in Figure 2) serve primarily as energy-storage
elements. They should be selected for bulk capacitance (at appropriate
frequencies), low ESR, and high rms-ripple-current ratings. The switching
nature of DC/DC converters requires that dc voltage sources have low ac
4
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
of 5 to 15 milliseconds, the PWM will restart, causing the output voltages to begin
ramping to their appropriate values. If the short-circuit condition persists,
another shutdown cycle will be initiated. This on/off cycling is referred to
as “hiccup” mode. The hiccup cycling reduces the average output current,
thereby preventing internal temperatures from rising to excessive levels. The
USQ is capable of enduring an indefinite short circuit output condition.
Start-Up Time
The VIN to VOUT Start-Up Time is the interval between the point at which
a ramping input voltage crosses the Start-Up Threshold voltage and the
point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within it
specified 1% accuracy band. Actual measured times will vary with input
source impedance, external input capacitance, and the slew rate and final
value of the input voltage as it appears to the converter.The On/Off to VOUT
Start-Up Time assumes the converter is turned off via the Remote On/Off
Control with the nominal input voltage already applied. The specification
defines the interval between the point at which the converter is turned on
(released) and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and
remains within its specified 1% accuracy band.
Thermal Shutdown
USQ converters are equipped with thermal-shutdown circuitry. If the internal
temperature of the DC/DC converter rises above the designed operating tem-
perature (See Performance Specifications), a precision temperature sensor
will power down the unit. When the internal temperature decreases below
the threshold of the temperature sensor, the unit will self start.
Output Overvoltage Protection
On/Off Control
The output voltage is monitored for an overvoltage condition via magnetic
coupling to the primary side. If the output voltage rises to a fault condition,
which could be damaging to the load circuitry (see Performance Specifica-
tions), the sensing circuitry will power down the PWM controller causing
the output voltage to decrease. Following a time-out period the PWM will
restart, causing the output voltage to ramp to its appropriate value. If the
fault condition persists, and the output voltages again climb to excessive
levels, the overvoltage circuitry will initiate another shutdown cycle. This
on/off cycling is referred to as "hiccup" mode.
The primary-side, Remote On/Off Control function (pin 2) can be specified to
operate with either positive or negative polarity. Positive-polarity devices ("P"
suffix) are enabled when pin 2 is left open or is pulled high (+2.5-5V applied
with respect to –Input, pin 1, IIN < 150μA typical). Positive-polarity devices are
disabled when pin 2 is pulled low (0-0.8V with respect to –Input, IIN < 800μA.
Negative-polarity devices are off when pin 2 is high/open and on when pin 2
is pulled low. See Figure 4.
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT FOR
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
LOGIC MODELS
+5V
+INPUT
3
Input Reverse-Polarity Protection
200k
2
If the input-voltage polarity is accidentally reversed, an internal diode will
become forward biased and likely draw excessive current from the power
source. If the source is not current limited (<5A) nor the circuit appropriately
fused, it could cause permanent damage to the converter.
ON/OFF
CONTROL
CONTROL
200k
REF
1
Input Fusing
–INPUT
Certain applications and/or safety agencies may require the installation of
fuses at the inputs of power conversion components. Fuses should also be
used if the possibility of a sustained, non-current-limited, input-voltage polar-
ity reversal exists. For DATEL USQ Series DC/DCConverters, slow-blow
fuses are recommended with values no greater than the following:
Figure 4. Driving the Remote On/Off Control Pin
Dynamic control of the remote on/off function is best accomplished with
a mechanical relay or an open-collector/open-drain drive circuit (optically
isolated if appropriate). The drive circuit should be able to sink appropriate
current (see Performance Specifications) when activated and withstand
appropriate voltage when deactivated.
VOUT Range
Fuse Value -D24
3.5 Amps
5 Amps
Fuse Value -D48
1.5 Amps
2.5 Amps
3 Amps
1.2VOUT Models
1.5VOUT Models
1.8VOUT Models
2.5VOUT Models
3.3VOUT Models
6 Amps
Current Limiting
8 Amps
4 Amps
10 Amps
5 Amps
When power demands from the output falls within the current limit inception
range for the rated output current, the DC/DC converter will go into a current
limiting mode. In this condition the output voltage will decrease propor-
tionately with increases in output current, thereby maintaining a somewhat
constant power dissipation. This is commonly referred to as power limiting.
Current limit inception is defined as the point where the full-power output
voltage falls below the specified tolerance. If the load current being drawn
from the converter is significant enough, the unit will go into a short circuit
condition. See “Short Circuit Condition.”
See Performance Specifications for Input Current and Inrush Transient limits.
Trimming Output Voltage
USQ converters have a trim capability (pin 6) that enables users to adjust
the output voltage from +10% to –20% (refer to the trim equations and trim
graphs that follow). Adjustments to the output voltage can be accomplished
with a single fixed resistor as shown in Figures 5 and 6. A single fixed resis-
tor can increase or decrease the output voltage depending on its connection.
Resistors should be located close to the converter and have TCR's less than
100ppm/°C to minimize sensitivity to changes in temperature. If the trim
function is not used, leave the trim pin open.
Short Circuit Condition
When a converter is in current limit mode the output voltages will drop as
the output current demand increases. If the output voltage drops too low, the
magnetically coupled voltage used to develop primary side voltages will also
drop, thereby shutting down the PWM controller. Following a time-out period
5
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
Standard USQ's have a "positive trim" where a single resistor connected from
the Trim Pin (pin 6) to the +Sense (pin 7) will increase the output voltage.
A resistor connected from the Trim pin (pin 6) to the –Sense (pin 5) will
decrease the output voltage. DATEL also offers a "negative trim" function (D
suffix added to the part number). Contact DATEL for information on negative
trim devices.
USQ-1.2/40-D24 -D48
1.308(VO – 0.793)
VO – 1.2
1.037
–1.413
–1.413
–10.2
–10.2
RTUP (kΩ) =
RTUP (kΩ) =
RTUP (kΩ) =
RTUP (kΩ) =
RTUP (kΩ) =
RTDOWN (kΩ) =
1.2 – VO
USQ-1.5/40-D24 -D48
6.23(VO – 1.226)
7.64
–10.2
RTDOWN (kΩ) =
Trim adjustments greater than the specified +10%/–20% can have an
adverse affect on the converter’s performance and are not recommended.
Excessive voltage differences between VOUT and Sense, in conjunction with
trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause the overvoltage protection
circuitry to activate (see Performance Specifications for overvoltage limits).
VO – 1.5
1.5 – VO
USQ-1.8/40-D24 -D48
9.12
7.44(VO – 1.226)
VO – 1.8
–10.2
RTDOWN (kΩ) =
1.8 – VO
USQ-2.5/40-D24 -D48
Temperature/power derating is based on maximum output current and volt-
age at the converter's output pins. Use of the trim and sense functions can
cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond
the USQ's specified rating, or cause output voltages to climb into the output
overvoltage region. Therefore:
10(VO – 1.226)
VO – 2.5
12.26
–10.2
–10.2
–10.2
RTDOWN (kΩ) =
2.5 – VO
USQ-3.3/35-D24 -D48
16.31
13.3(VO – 1.226)
VO – 3.3
(VOUT at pins) x (IOUT) ≤ rated output power
–10.2
RTDOWN (kΩ) =
3.3 – VO
The Trim pin (pin 6) is a relatively high impedance node that can be suscep-
tible to noise pickup when connected to long conductors in noisy environ-
ments. In such cases, a 0.22μF capacitor can be added to reduce this long
lead effect.
Note: Resistor values are in kΩ. Adjustment accuracy is subject to resistor
tolerances and factory-adjusted output accuracy. V = desired output voltage.
O
8
1
+OUTPUT
–INPUT
Trim-Up Resistance vs. Percentage Increase
in Output Voltage
7
+SENSE
1 x 106
2
3
6
5
4
ON/OFF
CONTROL
TRIM
–SENSE
LOAD
RTRIM UP
1 x 105
1 x 104
1 x103
+INPUT
–OUTPUT
Figure 5.Trim Connections To Increase Output Voltages Using Fixed Resistors
8
1
+OUTPUT
–INPUT
7
+SENSE
2
3
6
5
4
ON/OFF
CONTROL
TRIM
–SENSE
LOAD
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
RTRIM DOWN
VOUT INCREASE (%)
Figure 7. USQ-1.2 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT
+INPUT
–OUTPUT
Figure 6.Trim Connections To Decrease Output Voltages Using Fixed Resistors
6
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
Trim-Up Resistance vs. Percentage Increase in Output Voltage
1 x 107
1 x 107
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x104
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x104
1 x103
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
VOUT INCREASE (%)
VOUT INCREASE (%)
Figure 8. USQ-1.5 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT
Figure 9. USQ-1.8 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT
1 x 107
1 x 107
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x104
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x104
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
VOUT INCREASE (%)
VOUT INCREASE (%)
Figure 11. USQ-3.3 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT
Figure 10. USQ-2.5 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT
Trim-Down Resistance vs. Percentage Decrease in Output Voltage
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x 104
1 x103
1 x 107
1 x 106
1 x 105
1 x104
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
VOUT DECREASE (%)
VOUT DECREASE (%)
Figure 12. USQ-1.2 Trim-Down Resistance vs. % Decrease VOUT
Figure 13. USQ-1.5 to USQ-3.3 Trim-Down Resistance vs. % Decrease VOUT
7
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
Negative-Trim Units ("D" Suffix)
Floating Outputs
Standard USQ's have a "positive-trim" function, consistent with the industry
standard footprints and functionality. DATEL also offers "negative-trim" USQ's
designated with a "D" suffix to the part number. The negative-trim devices
trim up with a single resistor tied from the Output Trim (pin 6) to the –Sense
(pin 5) to increase the output voltage. A resistor connected from the Output
Trim (pin 6) to the +Sense (pin 7) will decrease the ouput voltage.
Since these are isolated DC/DC converters, their outputs are "floating" with
respect to their input. Designers will normally use the –Output (pin 4) as the
ground/return of the load circuit.You can, however, use the +Output (pin 8) as
ground/return to effectively reverse the output polarity.
Remote Sense
Note: The Sense and VOUT lines are not internally connected to each other.
Therefore, if the sense function is not used for remote regulation, the user
must connect the +Sense to +VOUT and –Sense to –VOUT at the DC/DC
converter pins.
The "negative-trim" formula values for USQ 1.2/1.5/1.8 Volt devices with a
48 Volt input and negative logic reads:
A – Bx ΔV
RTRIM
=
USQ series converters employ a sense feature to provide point-of-use regu-
lation, thereby overcoming moderate IR drops in pcb conductors or cabling.
The remote sense lines carry very little current and therefore require a mini-
mal cross-sectional area conductor. The sense lines, which are capacitively
coupled to their respective output lines, are used by the feedback control-loop
to regulate the output. As such, they are not low impedance points and must
be treated with care in layouts and cabling. Sense lines on a pcb should be
run adjacent to dc signals, preferably ground. In cables and discrete wiring
applications, twisted pair or other techniques should be implemented.
ΔV
Model
Trim Up
Trim Down
A
0.57
B
1
A
0.2711 1.4676
B
USQ-1.8/40-D48ND
USQ-1.5/40-D48ND 0.283
USQ-1.2/40-D48ND 0.5928
0.121
3.01
0.065
0.5686
0.352
3.96
where ΔV is the absolute value of the output voltage change desired.
USQ DC/DC converters will compensate for drops between the output
voltage at the DC/DC and the sense voltage at the DC/DC:
[VOUT(+) –VOUT(–)] – [Sense(+) –Sense (–)] ≤ 10% VOUT
Contact and PCB resistance
losses due to IR drops
8
1
+OUTPUT
–INPUT
IOUT
7
+SENSE
Sense Current
2
3
ON/OFF
CONTROL
6
5
TRIM
–SENSE
LOAD
Sense Return
IOUT Return
4
+INPUT
–OUTPUT
Contact and PCB resistance
losses due to IR drops
Figure 14. Remote Sense Circuit Configuration
Output overvoltage protection is monitored at the output voltage pin, not
the Sense pin. Therefore, excessive voltage differences between VOUT and
Sense, in conjunction with trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause
the overvoltage protection circuitry to activate (see Performance Specifica-
tions for overvoltage limits). Power derating is based on maximum output
current and voltage at the converter’s output pins. Use of trim and sense
functions can cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output
power beyond the USQ’s specified rating, or cause output voltages to climb
into the output overvoltage region. Therefore:
(VOUT at pins) × (IOUT) ≤ rated output power
8
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
Dynamic Load Response and Switching Frequency
To avoid the added cost of constantly changing test fixtures, we have veri-
fied, during our device characterization/verification testing, that 100% testing
under the former conditions (the 100μF || 1μF load), which we guarantee,
correlates extremely well with the latter conditions, for which we and most of
our competitors simply list typicals.
DATEL has performed extensive evaluations, under assorted capacitive-load
conditions, of the dynamic-load capabilities (i.e., the transient or step
response) of USQ Series DC/DC Converters. In particular, we have evalu-
ated devices using the output capacitive-load conditions we use for our
routine production testing (10μF tantalums in parallel with 1μF ceramics), as
well as the load conditions many of our competitors use (220μF tantalums
in parallel with 1μF ceramics) when specifying the dynamic performance of
their devices.
If you have any questions about our test methods or would like us to perform
additional testing under your specific load conditions, please contact our
Applications Engineering Group.
Load Conditions ➀
Performance Specifications
1.2VOUT
1.5VOUT
1.8VOUT
2.5VOUT
3.3VOUT
Load Step = 50 to 75% of IOUT Max):
Peak Deviation typical
300mV
250μs
175mV
155μs
155mV
120μs
130mV
60μs
135mV
60μs
Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, max. ➁
COUT = 10μF || 1μF
Load Step = 75 to 50% of IOUT Max.:
Peak Deviation typical
300mV
150μs
175mV
100μs
155mV
120μs
100mV
55μs
135mV
60μs
Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, max. ➁
Load Step = 50 to 75% of IOUT Max.:
Peak Deviation typical
220mV
130μs
165mV
150μs
85mV
150μs
125mV
55μs
130mV
55μs
Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, typ. ➁
COUT = 220μF || 1μF
Load Step = 75 to 50% of IOUT Max.:
Peak Deviation typical
110mV
60μs
165mV
95μs
80mV
130μs
90mV
50μs
130mV
55μs
Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, typ. ➁
Switching Frequency (min./typ./max. kHz)
120/150/180
120/150/180
120/150/180
230/250/280
120/150/180
➀ The listed pair of parallel output capacitors consists of a tantalum in parallel with a multi-layer ceramic.
➁ ΔIO/Δt = 1A/1μs, VIN = 48V, TC = 25°C ( 2% of final value for 1.2VOUT).
9
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
Typical Performance Curves for 1.2VOUT Models
USQ-1.2/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.)
USQ-1.2/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
600 lfm
400 lfm
V
IN = 36V
200 lfm
V
IN = 48V
V
IN = 75V
0
–40
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (Amps)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Start-Up from VIN
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
TBD
TBD
20V/div
1V/div
2msec/div
Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
TBD
2V/div
TBD
1V/div
2msec/div
10
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
Typical Performance Curves for 1.5VOUT Models
USQ-1.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.)
USQ-1.5/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
600 lfm
400 lfm
V
IN = 36V
V
IN = 48V
200 lfm
Low LFM
V
IN = 75V
0
–40
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (Amps)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
USQ-1.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.)
Start-Up from VIN
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
+Input (pin 3)
20V/div
600 lfm
400 lfm
200 lfm
1V/div
1.5VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
0
–40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
Remote On/Off Control (pin 2)
2V/div
1V/div
1.5VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
11
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
Typical Performance Curves for 1.8VOUT Models
USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.)
USQ-1.8/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
600 lfm
400 lfm
V
IN = 36V
200 lfm
V
IN = 48V
Low LFM
V
IN = 75V
0
–40
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (Amps)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/4" heat sink.)
Start-Up from VIN
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
+Input (pin 3)
20V/div
600 lfm
400 lfm
200 lfm
1V/div
1.8VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
0
–40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ambient Temperature (°C)
USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control
(Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.)
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Remote On/Off Control (pin 2)
2V/div
600 lfm
400 lfm
200 lfm
1V/div
1.8VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
0
–40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ambient Temperature (°C)
12
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
Typical Performance Curves for 2.5VOUT Models
USQ-2.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.)
USQ-2.5/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
800 lfm
600 lfm
400 lfm
V
IN = 36V
200 lfm
V
IN = 48V
Low LFM
V
IN = 75V
0
–40
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (Amps)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
USQ-2.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.)
Start-Up from VIN
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
+Input (pin 3)
20V/div
600 lfm
400 lfm
200 lfm
Low LFM
1V/div
2.5VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
0
–40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
Remote On/Off Control (pin 2)
2V/div
1V/div
2.5VOUT (pin 8)
2msec/div
13
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Series
Typical Performance Curves for 3.3VOUT Models
USQ-3.3/35-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
USQ-3.3/35-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
600 lfm
400 lfm
V
IN = 36V
200 lfm
V
IN = 48V
Low LFM
V
IN = 75V
0
–40
3.5
7
10.5
14
17.5
21
24.5
28
31.5
35
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Load Current (Amps)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
USQ-3.3/35-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/4" heat sink.)
Start-Up from VIN
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 35A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
+Input (pin 3)
20V/div
600 lfm
400 lfm
200 lfm
3.3VOUT (pin 8)
1V/div
0
–40
–10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2msec/div
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control
(VIN = 48V, IOUT = 35A, COUT = 10μF tantalum || 1μF ceramic.)
Remote On/Off Control (pin 2)
2V/div
3.3VOUT (pin 8)
1V/div
2msec/div
14
4 0 A , S I N G L E O U T P U T D C / D C C O N V E R T E R S
USQ Models
–Input
+Input
–Output
+Output
X
–Sense
Output Trim
+Sense
Output Trim
Remote
On/Off
Remote On/Off
+Input
LOCATE
THERMOCOUPLE
HERE
+Sense
+Output
–Sense
–Output
–Input
BOTTOM VIEW
TOP VIEW
Figure 15.Thermocouple Placement for Temperature Derating Calculations
Figure 16. Industry Standard Quarter-Brick Pinout
The typical derating curves on the previous pages were developed by moni-
toring the temperature of the case with a thermocouple placed on top of
the USQ case as shown in Figure 15. Users desiring to model their own
application's temperature derating for a particular environment (enclosed
area, orientation, airflow, possible heatsinking) should make sure the case
temperature does not exceed 110°C for any condition.
Figure 16 readily allows users to confirm that DATEL quarter-brick DC/DC
converters are compatible to the industry-standard pinout, independent of
pin-numbering conventions.
®
®
INNOVATION and EXCELLENCE
DS-0510A
12/03
ISO 9001 REGISTERED
DATEL (UK) LTD. Tadley, England Tel: (01256)-880444
DATEL, Inc. 11 Cabot Boulevard, Mansfield, MA 02048-1151
Tel: (508) 339-3000 (800) 233-2765 Fax: (508) 339-6356
DATEL S.A.R.L. Montigny Le Bretonneux, France Tel: 01-34-60-01-01
DATEL GmbH München, Germany Tel: 89-544334-0
DATEL KK Tokyo, Japan Tel: 3-3779-1031, Osaka Tel: 6-6354-2025
Internet: www.datel.com
Email: sales@datel.com
DATEL makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. The descriptions contained herein
do not imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. Specifications are subject to change without notice. The DATEL logo is a registered DATEL, Inc. trademark.
15
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