LM4911 [NSC]

Stereo 40mW Low Noise Headphone Amplifier with Selectable Capacitive Coupled or OCL Output; 立体声40mW的低噪声耳机放大器,具有可选的电容耦合或OCL输出
LM4911
型号: LM4911
厂家: National Semiconductor    National Semiconductor
描述:

Stereo 40mW Low Noise Headphone Amplifier with Selectable Capacitive Coupled or OCL Output
立体声40mW的低噪声耳机放大器,具有可选的电容耦合或OCL输出

放大器
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中文:  中文翻译
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July 2002  
LM4911  
Stereo 40mW Low Noise Headphone Amplifier with  
Selectable Capacitive Coupled or OCL Output  
General Description  
Key Specifications  
n PSRR at 217 Hz and 1kHz  
65dB (typ)  
The LM4911 is an stereo audio power amplifier capable of  
delivering 40mW per channel of continuous average power  
into a 16load or 25mW per channel into a 32load at 1%  
THD+N from a 3V power supply.  
n Output Power at 1kHz with VDD = 2.4V, 1% THD+N into  
a 16load 25mW (typ)  
n Output Power at 1kHz with VDD = 3V, 1% THD+N into a  
16load  
n Shutdown Current  
n Output Voltage change on release from Shutdown  
VDD = 2.4V, RL = 16(C-Coupled) 1mV (max)  
n Mute Current 100µA (max)  
40mW (typ)  
2.0µA (max)  
Boomer audio power amplifiers were designed specifically to  
provide high quality output power with a minimal amount of  
external components. Since the LM4911 does not require  
bootstrap capacitors or snubber networks, it is optimally  
suited for low-power portable systems. In addition, the  
LM4911 may be configured for either single-ended capaci-  
tively coupled outputs or for OCL outputs (patent pending).  
Features  
The LM4911 features a low-power consumption shutdown  
mode and a power mute mode that allows for faster turn on  
time with less than 1mV voltage change at outputs on re-  
lease. Additionally, the LM4911 features an internal thermal  
shutdown protection mechanism.  
n OCL or capacitively coupled outputs (patent pending)  
n External gain-setting capability  
n Available in space-saving MSOP package  
n Ultra low current shutdown mode  
n Mute mode allows fast turn-on (1ms) with less than 1mV  
change on outputs  
The LM4911 is unity gain stable and may be configured with  
external gain-setting resistors.  
n 2V - 5.5V operation  
n Ultra low noise  
Applications  
n Portable CD players  
n PDAs  
n Portable electronics devices  
Block Diagram  
20031478  
FIGURE 1. Block Diagram  
Boomer® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.  
© 2002 National Semiconductor Corporation  
DS200314  
www.national.com  
Typical Application  
20031480  
FIGURE 2. Typical Capacitive Coupled Output Configuration Circuit  
20031481  
FIGURE 3. Typical OCL Output Configuration Circuit  
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2
Connection Diagrams  
MSOP Package  
20031479  
Top View  
Order Number LM4911MM  
See NS Package Number MUB10A  
MSOP Marking  
200314A9  
Top View  
G-Boomer Family  
A3 - LM4911MM  
3
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 2)  
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,  
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/  
Distributors for availability and specifications.  
Thermal Resistance  
θJC (MSOP)  
56˚C/W  
θJA (MSOP)  
190˚C/W  
Supply Voltage  
6.0V  
−65˚C to +150˚C  
-0.3V to VDD + 0.3V  
Internally Limited  
2000V  
Operating Ratings  
Temperature Range  
Storage Temperature  
Input Voltage  
TMIN TA TMAX  
−40˚C T 85˚C  
A
Power Dissipation (Note 3)  
ESD Susceptibility (Note 4)  
ESD Susceptibility (Note 5)  
Junction Temperature  
Supply Voltage (VDD  
)
2V VCC 5.5V  
200V  
150˚C  
Electrical Characteristics VDD = 5V (Notes 1, 2)  
The following specifications apply for VDD = 5V, RL = 16, and CB = 4.7µF unless otherwise specified. Limits apply to TA  
25˚C.  
=
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM4911  
Units  
(Limits)  
Typ  
(Note 6)  
2
Limit  
(Note 7)  
5
IDD  
ISD  
IM  
Quiescent Power Supply Current VIN = 0V, IO = 0A  
mA (max)  
Shutdown Current  
VSHUTDOWN = GND  
0.1  
µA(max)  
Mute Current  
VMUTE = VDD, C-Coupled  
100  
1.8  
µA(max)  
VSDIH  
VSDIL  
VMIH  
VMIL  
PO  
Shutdown Voltage Input High  
Shutdown Voltage Input Low  
Mute Voltage Input High  
Mute Voltage Input Low  
Output Power  
V
V
V
V
0.4  
1.8  
0.4  
THD 1%; f=1 kHZ  
OCL, RL= 16Ω  
80  
80  
OCL, RL= 32Ω  
mW  
C-CUPL, RL= 16Ω  
145  
85  
C-CUPL, RL= 32Ω  
VON  
Output Noise Voltage  
BW = 20Hz to 20kHz, A-weighted  
VRIPPLE = 200mV sine p-p  
f = 1kHz (Note 9)  
10  
µV  
dB  
PSRR  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
65  
Electrical Characteristics VDD = 3.0V (Notes 1, 2)  
The following specifications apply for VDD = 3.0V, RL = 16, and CB = 4.7µF unless otherwise specified. Limits apply to TA  
=
25˚C.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM4911  
Units  
(Limits)  
Typ  
(Note 6)  
1.5  
Limit  
(Note 7)  
3
IDD  
ISD  
IM  
Quiescent Power Supply Current VIN = 0V, IO = 0A  
mA (max)  
µA(max)  
µA(max)  
Shutdown Current  
Mute Current  
VSHUTDOWN = GND  
VMUTE = VDD, C-Coupled  
THD = 1%; f = 1kHz  
R = 16Ω  
0.1  
2.0  
50  
100  
PO  
Output Power  
40  
25  
10  
65  
mW  
R = 32Ω  
VNO  
Output Noise Voltage  
BW = 20 Hz to 20kHz, A-weighted  
VRIPPLE = 200mV sine p-p  
µV  
dB  
PSRR  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
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4
Electrical Characteristics VDD = 2.4V (Notes 1, 2)  
The following specifications apply for VDD = 2.4V, RL = 16, and CB = 4.7µF unless otherwise specified. Limits apply to TA  
=
25˚C.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
LM4911  
Units  
(Limits)  
Typ  
(Note 6)  
1.5  
Limit  
(Note 7)  
3
IDD  
ISD  
IM  
Quiescent Power Supply Current VIN = 0V, IO = 0A  
mA (max)  
µA(max)  
µA(max)  
Shutdown Current  
Mute Current  
VSHUTDOWN = GND  
VMUTE = VDD, C-Coupled  
THD = 1%; f = 1kHz  
R = 16Ω  
0.1  
2.0  
40  
80  
PO  
Output Power  
25  
12  
10  
65  
0.5  
2
mW  
R = 32Ω  
VNO  
Output Noise Voltage  
BW = 20 Hz to 20kHz, A-weighted  
VRIPPLE = 200mV sine p-p  
OCL  
µV  
dB  
PSRR  
TWU  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
Wake Up Time from Shutdown  
s
C-Coupled, CO = 100µF  
VOSD  
TUM  
Output Voltage Change on  
Release from Shutdown  
Time to Un-Mute  
C-Coupled, CO = 100µF  
C-Coupled, CO = 100µF  
1
mV (max)  
s (max)  
0.01  
0.02  
Note 1: All voltages are measured with respect to the GND pin unless otherwise specified.  
Note 2: : Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is  
functional but do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications under particular test conditions which  
guarantee specific performance limits. This assumes that the device is within the Operating Ratings. Specifications are not guaranteed for parameters where no limit  
is given, however, the typical value is a good indication of device performance.  
Note 3: : The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJMAX, θ , and the ambient temperature, T . The  
JA  
A
maximum allowable power dissipation is P  
= (T  
- T )/ θ or the number given in Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For the LM4911, see  
JMAX A JA  
DMAX  
power derating currents for more information.  
Note 4: Human body model, 100pF discharged through a 1.5kresistor.  
Note 5: Machine Model, 220pF-240pF discharged through all pins.  
Note 6: Typicals are measured at 25˚C and represent the parametric norm.  
Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level).  
Note 8: Datasheet min/max specification limits are guaranteed by design, test, or statistical analysis.  
Note 9: 10Terminated input.  
External Components Description (Figure 2)  
Components  
Functional Description  
1.  
2.  
RI  
CI  
Inverting input resistance which sets the closed-loop gain in conjunction with Rf. This resistor also forms a  
high-pass filter with Ci at fc = 1/(2πRiCi).  
Input coupling capacitor which blocks the DC voltage at the amplifier’s input terminals. Also creates a  
high-pass filter with Ri at fc = 1/(2πRiCi). Refer to the section Proper Selection of External Components, for  
an explanation of how to determine the value of Ci.  
3.  
4.  
Rf  
Feedback resistance which sets the closed-loop gain in conjunction with Ri.  
Supply bypass capacitor which provides power supply filtering. Refer to the Power Supply Bypassing  
section for information concerning proper placement and selection of the supply bypass capacitor.  
Bypass pin capacitor which provides half-supply filtering. Refer to the section, Proper Selection of Proper  
Components, for information concerning proper placement and selection of CB  
Output coupling capacitor which blocks the DC voltage at the amplifier’s output. Forms a high pass filter with  
RL at fo = 1/(2πRLCo)  
CS  
5.  
6.  
CB  
Co  
5
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Typical Performance Characteristics  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031482  
20031483  
20031485  
20031403  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031484  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031406  
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031405  
20031404  
20031487  
20031489  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031486  
THD+N vs Frequency  
20031488  
7
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
THD+N vs Output Power  
THD+N vs Output Power  
20031490  
20031491  
THD+N vs Output Power  
THD+N vs Output Power  
20031492  
20031493  
THD+N vs Output Power  
THD+N vs Output Power  
20031408  
20031407  
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
THD+N vs Output Power  
THD+N vs Output Power  
20031410  
20031409  
Output Resistance vs Load Resistance  
Output Power vs Supply Voltage  
20031413  
20031412  
Output Power vs Supply Voltage  
Output Power vs Supply Voltage  
20031494  
20031495  
9
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Output Power vs Supply Voltage  
Output Power vs Load Resistance  
20031496  
20031411  
Output Power vs Load Resistance  
Power Dissipation vs. Output Power  
20031497  
20031498  
Power Dissipation vs. Output Power  
Power Dissipation vs Output Power  
20031499  
200314A0  
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10  
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Channel Seperation  
Channel Seperation  
Channel Seperation  
Channel Seperation  
200314A1  
200314A2  
20031419  
20031416  
Channel Seperation  
20031417  
Channel Seperation  
20031418  
11  
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
200314A3  
200314A4  
200314A6  
20031423  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
200314A5  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
20031420  
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12  
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
Power Supply Rejection Ratio  
20031421  
20031422  
Frequency Response vs  
Input Capacitor Size  
Frequency Response vs  
Input Capacitor Size  
20031427  
20031426  
Supply Voltage vs  
Supply Current  
Open Loop Frequency Response  
20031424  
200314A7  
13  
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Clipping Voltage vs  
Supply Voltage  
Noise Floor  
20031425  
200314A8  
Shutdown Hysteresis Voltage, Vdd=5V  
Shutdown Hysteresis Voltage, Vdd=3V  
200314B1  
200314B2  
Power Derating Curve  
200314B3  
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14  
POWER DISSIPATION  
Application Information  
Power dissipation is a major concern when using any power  
amplifier and must be thoroughly understood to ensure a  
successful design. When operating in capacitor-coupled  
mode, Equation 1 states the maximum power dissipation  
point for a single-ended amplifier operating at a given supply  
voltage and driving a specified output load.  
AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATION EXPLANATION  
As shown in Figure 1, the LM4911 has three operational  
amplifiers internally. Two of the amplifier’s have externally  
configurable gain while the other amplifier is internally fixed  
at the bias point acting as a unity-gain buffer. The closed-  
loop gain of the two configurable amplifiers is set by select-  
ing the ratio of Rf to Ri. Consequently, the gain for each  
channel of the IC is  
2
PDMAX = (VDD  
)
/ (2π2RL)  
(1)  
Since the LM4911 has two operational amplifiers in one  
package, the maximum internal power dissipation point is  
twice that of the number which results from Equation 1. From  
Equation 1, assuming a 3V power supply and an 32load,  
the maximum power dissipation point is 14mW per amplifier.  
Thus the maximum package dissipation point is 28mW.  
AVD = -(Rf / Ri)  
By driving the loads through outputs VoA and VoB with VoC  
acting as a buffered bias voltage the LM4911 does not  
require output coupling capacitors. The classical single-  
ended amplifier configuration where one side of the load is  
connected to ground requires large, expensive output cou-  
pling capacitors.  
When operating in OCL mode, the maximum power dissipa-  
tion increases due to the use of the third amplifier as a buffer  
and is given in Equation 2:  
A configuration, such as the one used in the LM4911, has a  
major advantage over single supply, single-ended amplifiers.  
Since the outputs VoA, VoB, and VoC are all biased at 1/2  
VDD, no net DC voltage exists across each load. This elimi-  
nates the need for output coupling capacitors which are  
required in a single-supply, single-ended amplifier configura-  
tion. Without output coupling capacitors in a typical single-  
supply, single-ended amplifier, the bias voltage is placed  
across the load resulting in both increased internal IC power  
dissipation and possible loudspeaker damage.  
2
PDMAX = 4(VDD  
)
/ (π2RL)  
(2)  
The maximum power dissipation point obtained from either  
Equation 1 or 2 must not be greater than the power dissipa-  
tion that results from Equation 3:  
PDMAX = (TJMAX - TA) / θJA  
(3)  
OUTPUT CAPACITOR vs. CAPACITOR COUPLED  
For package MUB10A, θJA = 190˚C/W. TJMAX = 150˚C for  
the LM4911. Depending on the ambient temperature, TA, of  
the system surroundings, Equation 3 can be used to find the  
maximum internal power dissipation supported by the IC  
packaging. If the result of Equation 1 or 2 is greater than that  
of Equation 3, then either the supply voltage must be de-  
creased, the load impedance increased or TA reduced. For  
the typical application of a 3V power supply, with an 32Ω  
load, the maximum ambient temperature possible without  
violating the maximum junction temperature is approximately  
144˚C provided that device operation is around the maxi-  
mum power dissipation point. Thus, for typical applications,  
power dissipation is not an issue. Power dissipation is a  
function of output power and thus, if typical operation is not  
around the maximum power dissipation point, the ambient  
temperature may be increased accordingly. Refer to the  
Typical Performance Characteristics curves for power dissi-  
pation information for lower output powers.  
The LM4911 is a stereo audio power amplifier capable of  
operating in two distinct output modes: capacitor coupled  
(C-CUPL) or output capacitor-less (OCL). The LM4911 may  
be run in capacitor coupled mode by using a coupling ca-  
pacitor on each single-ended output (VoA and VoB) and  
connecting VoC to ground. This output coupling capacitor  
blocks the half supply voltage to which the output amplifiers  
are typically biased and couples the audio signal to the  
headphones or other single-ended (SE) load. The signal  
return to circuit ground is through the headphone jack’s  
sleeve.  
The LM4911 can also eliminate these output coupling ca-  
pacitors by running in OCL mode. Unless shorted to ground,  
VoC is internally configured to apply a 1⁄  
Vdd bias voltage to  
2
a stereo headphone jack’s sleeve. This voltage matches the  
bias voltage present on VoA and VoB outputs that drive the  
headphones. The headphones operate in a manner similar  
to a bridge-tied load (BTL). Because the same DC voltage is  
applied to both headphone speaker terminals this results in  
no net DC current flow through the speaker. AC current flows  
through a headphone speaker as an audio signal’s output  
amplitude increases on the speaker’s terminal.  
POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING  
As with any amplifier, proper supply bypassing is important  
for low noise performance and high power supply rejection.  
The capacitor location on the power supply pins should be  
as close to the device as possible.  
The headphone jack’s sleeve is not connected to circuit  
ground when used in OCL mode. Using the headphone  
output jack as a line-level output will place the LM4911’s ⁄  
Typical applications employ a 3V regulator with 10mF tanta-  
lum or electrolytic capacitor and a ceramic bypass capacitor  
which aid in supply stability. This does not eliminate the need  
for bypassing the supply nodes of the LM4911. A bypass  
capacitor value in the range of 0.1µF to 1µF is recommended  
for CS.  
1
2
Vdd bias voltage on a plug’s sleeve connection. This pre-  
sents no difficulty when the external equipment uses capaci-  
tively coupled inputs. For the very small minority of equip-  
ment that is DC coupled, the LM4911 monitors the current  
supplied by the amplifier that drives the headphone jack’s  
sleeve. If this current exceeds 500mAPK, the amplifier is  
shutdown, protecting the LM4911 and the external equip-  
ment.  
15  
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Additionally, Mute should not be enabled during shutdown or  
while entering or returning from shutdown. This is not a valid  
operation condition and may result in much higher pop and  
click values.  
Application Information (Continued)  
MICRO POWER SHUTDOWN  
The voltage applied to the SHUTDOWN pin controls the  
LM4911’s shutdown function. Activate micro-power shut-  
down by applying a logic-low voltage to the SHUTDOWN  
pin. When active, the LM4911’s micro-power shutdown fea-  
ture turns off the amplifier’s bias circuitry, reducing the sup-  
ply current. The trigger point varies depending on supply  
voltage and is shown in the Shutdown Hysteresis Voltage  
graphs in the Typical Performance Characteristics section.  
The low 0.1µA(typ) shutdown current is achieved by apply-  
ing a voltage that is as near as ground as possible to the  
SHUTDOWN pin. A voltage that is higher than ground may  
increase the shutdown current. There are a few ways to  
control the micro-power shutdown. These include using a  
single-pole, single-throw switch, a microprocessor, or a mi-  
crocontroller. When using a switch, connect an external  
100kpull-up resistor between the SHUTDOWN pin and  
VDD. Connect the switch between the SHUTDOWN pin and  
ground. Select normal amplifier operation by opening the  
switch. Closing the switch connects the SHUTDOWN pin to  
ground, activating micro-power shutdown.  
PROPER SELECTION OF EXTERNAL COMPONENTS  
Proper selection of external components in applications us-  
ing integrated power amplifiers is critical to optimize device  
and system performance. While the LM4911 is tolerant of  
external component combinations, consideration to compo-  
nent values must be used to maximize overall system qual-  
ity.  
The LM4911 is unity-gain stable which gives the designer  
maximum system flexibility. The LM4911 should be used in  
low gain configurations to minimize THD+N values, and  
maximize the signal to noise ratio. Low gain configurations  
require large input signals to obtain a given output power.  
Input signals equal to or greater than 1Vrms are available  
from sources such as audio codecs. Very large values  
should not be used for the gain-setting resistors. Values for  
Ri and Rf should be less than 1M. Please refer to the  
section, Audio Power Amplifier Design, for a more com-  
plete explanation of proper gain selection  
The switch and resistor guarantee that the SHUTDOWN pin  
will not float. This prevents unwanted state changes. In a  
system with a microprocessor or microcontroller, use a digi-  
tal output to apply the control voltage to the SHUTDOWN  
pin. Driving the SHUTDOWN pin with active circuitry elimi-  
nates the pull-up resistor.  
Besides gain, one of the major considerations is the closed-  
loop bandwidth of the amplifier. To a large extent, the band-  
width is dictated by the choice of external components  
shown in Figures 2 and 3. The input coupling capacitor, Ci,  
forms a first order high pass filter which limits low frequency  
response. This value should be chosen based on needed  
frequency response and turn-on time.  
Shutdown enable/disable times are controlled by a combina-  
tion of CB and VDD. Larger values of CB results in longer turn  
on/off times from Shutdown. Smaller Vdd values also in-  
crease turn on/off time for a given value of CB. Longer  
shutdown times also improve the LM4911’s resistance to  
click and pop upon entering or returning from shutdown. For  
a 2.4V supply and CB = 4.7µF, the LM4911 requires about 2  
seconds to enter or return from shutdown. This longer shut-  
down time enables the LM4911 to have virtually zero pop  
and click transients upon entering or release from shutdown.  
SELECTION OF INPUT CAPACITOR SIZE  
Amplifying the lowest audio frequencies requires a high  
value input coupling capacitor, Ci. A high value capacitor can  
be expensive and may compromise space efficiency in por-  
table designs. In many cases, however, the headphones  
used in portable systems have little ability to reproduce  
signals below 60Hz. Applications using headphones with this  
limited frequency response reap little improvement by using  
a high value input capacitor.  
Smaller values of CB will decrease turn-on time, but at the  
cost of increased pop and click and reduced PSRR. Since  
shutdown enable/disable times increase dramatically as  
supply voltage gets below 2.2V, this reduced turn-on time  
may be desirable if extreme low supply voltage levels are  
used as this would offset increases in turn-on time caused by  
the lower supply voltage. This technique is not recom-  
mended for OCL mode since shutdown enable/disable times  
are very fast (0.5s) independent of supply voltage.  
In addition to system cost and size, turn on time is affected  
by the size of the input coupling capacitor Ci. A larger input  
coupling capacitor requires more charge to reach its quies-  
cent DC voltage. This charge comes from the output via the  
feedback Thus, by minimizing the capacitor size based on  
necessary low frequency response, turn-on time can be  
minimized. A small value of Ci (in the range of 0.1µF to  
0.39µF), is recommended.  
MUTE  
AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER DESIGN  
When in C-CUPL mode, the LM4911 also features a mute  
function that enables extremely fast turn-on/turn-off with a  
minimum of output pop and click with a low current con-  
sumption (100µA). The mute function leaves the outputs at  
their bias level, thus resulting in higher power consumption  
than shutdown mode, but also provides much faster turn  
on/off times. Mute mode is enabled by providing a logic high  
signal on the MUTE pin in the opposite manner as the  
shutdown function described above. Threshold voltages and  
activation techniques match those given for the shutdown  
function as well.  
A 25mW/32Audio Amplifier  
Given:  
Power Output  
Load Impedance  
Input Level  
25mWrms  
32Ω  
1Vrms  
Input Impedance  
20kΩ  
A designer must first determine the minimum supply rail to  
obtain the specified output power. By extrapolating from the  
Output Power vs Supply Voltage graphs in the Typical Per-  
formance Characteristics section, the supply rail can be  
easily found.  
The mute function is not necessary when the LM4911 is  
operating in OCL mode since the shutdown function oper-  
ates quickly in OCL mode with less power consumption than  
mute.  
3V is a standard voltage in most applications, it is chosen for  
the supply rail. Extra supply voltage creates headroom that  
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16  
Ci 1 / (2π * 20k* 20Hz) = 0.397µF; use 0.39µF.  
Application Information (Continued)  
The high frequency pole is determined by the product of the  
desired frequency pole, fH, and the differential gain, AV. With  
an AV = 1 and fH = 100kHz, the resulting GBWP = 100kHz  
which is much smaller than the LM4911 GBWP of 10MHz.  
This figure displays that is a designer has a need to design  
an amplifier with higher differential gain, the LM4911 can still  
be used without running into bandwidth limitations.  
allows the LM4911 to reproduce peak in excess of 25mW  
without producing audible distortion. At this time, the de-  
signer must make sure that the power supply choice along  
with the output impedance does not violate the conditions  
explained in the Power Dissipation section.  
Once the power dissipation equations have been addressed,  
the required gain can be determined from Equation 2.  
Figure 4 shows an optional resistor connected between the  
amplifier output that drives the headphone jack sleeve and  
ground. This resistor provides a ground path that supressed  
power supply hum. Thishum may occur in applications such  
as notebook computers in a shutdown condition and con-  
nected to an external powered speaker. The resistor’s 100Ω  
value is a suggested starting point. Its final value must be  
determined based on the tradeoff between the amount of  
noise suppression that may be needed and minimizing the  
additional current drawn by the resistor (25mA for a 100Ω  
resistor and a 5V supply).  
(4)  
From Equation 4, the minimum AV is 0.89; use AV = 1. Since  
the desired input impedance is 20k, and with a AV gain of  
1, a ratio of 1:1 results from Equation 1 for Rf to Ri. The  
values are chosen with Ri = 20kand Rf = 20k. The final  
design step is to address the bandwidth requirements which  
must be stated as a pair of -3dB frequency points. Five times  
away from a -3dB point is 0.17dB down from passband  
response which is better than the required 0.25dB speci-  
fied.  
ESD PROTECTION  
As stated in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, the LM4911 has  
a maximum ESD susceptibility rating of 2000V. For higher  
ESD voltages, the addition of a PCDN042 dual transil (from  
California Micro Devices), as shown in Figure 4, will provide  
additional protection.  
fL = 100Hz/5 = 20Hz  
fH = 20kHz * 5 = 100kHz  
As stated in the External Components section, Ri in con-  
junction with Ci creates a  
200314B4  
Figure 4. The PCDN042 provides additional ESD protection beyond the 2000V shown in the  
Absolute Maximum Ratings for the VOC output  
17  
www.national.com  
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted  
MSOP  
Order Number LM4911MM  
NS Package Number MUB10A  
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY  
NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT  
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL  
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:  
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or  
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant  
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and  
whose failure to perform when properly used in  
accordance with instructions for use provided in the  
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a  
significant injury to the user.  
2. A critical component is any component of a life  
support device or system whose failure to perform  
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of  
the life support device or system, or to affect its  
safety or effectiveness.  
National Semiconductor  
Corporation  
Americas  
National Semiconductor  
Europe  
National Semiconductor  
Asia Pacific Customer  
Response Group  
Tel: 65-2544466  
Fax: 65-2504466  
National Semiconductor  
Japan Ltd.  
Tel: 81-3-5639-7560  
Fax: 81-3-5639-7507  
Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86  
Email: support@nsc.com  
Email: europe.support@nsc.com  
Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208  
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Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790  
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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.  

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