LMX2350SLBX [NSC]

IC PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, 2500 MHz, PQCC24, LAMINATE, CSP-24, PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuit;
LMX2350SLBX
型号: LMX2350SLBX
厂家: National Semiconductor    National Semiconductor
描述:

IC PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER, 2500 MHz, PQCC24, LAMINATE, CSP-24, PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuit

信息通信管理
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LMX2350,LMX2352  
LMX2350/LMX2352 PLLatinum Fractional N RF / Integer N IF Dual Low Power  
Frequency Synthesizer  
Literature Number: SNAS022B  
March 2001  
LMX2350/LMX2352  
PLLatinum Fractional N RF / Integer N IF  
Dual Low Power Frequency Synthesizer  
LMX2350 2.5 GHz/550 MHz  
LMX2352 1.2 GHz/550 MHz  
LMX2352 family features very low current consumption; typi-  
cally LMX2350 (2.5 GHz) 6.5 mA, LMX2352 (1.2 GHz) 4.75  
mA at 3.0V. The LMX2350/2352 are available in a 24-pin  
TSSOP and 24-pin CSP surface mount plastic package.  
General Description  
The LMX2350/2352 is part of a family of monolithic inte-  
grated fractional N/ Integer N frequency synthesizers de-  
signed to be used in a local oscillator subsystem for a radio  
transceiver. It is fabricated using National’s 0.5µ ABiC V  
silicon BiCMOS process. The LMX2350/2352 contains dual  
modulus prescalers along with modulo 15 or 16 fractional  
compensation circuitry in the RF divider. A 16/17 or 32/33  
prescale ratio can be selected for the LMX2350, and the  
LMX2352 provides 8/9 or 16/17 prescale ratios. The IF  
circuitry for both the LMX2350 and LMX2352 contains an 8/9  
prescaler, and is fully programmable. Using a fractional N  
phase locked loop technique, the LMX2350 /52 can gener-  
ate very stable low noise control signals for UHF and VHF  
voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs).  
Features  
n 2.7 V to 5.5 V operation  
n Low current consumption  
LMX2350: Icc = 6.75mA typ at 3v  
LMX2352: Icc = 5.00mA typ at 3v  
n Programmable or logical power down mode  
Icc = 5 µA typ at 3v  
n Modulo 15 or 16 fractional RF N divider supports ratios  
of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 15, or 16  
n Programmable charge pump current levels  
RF 100µA to 1.6mA in 100µA steps  
IF 100µA or 800 µA  
n Digital filtered lock detect  
For the RF PLL, a highly flexible 16 level programmable  
charge pump supplies output current magnitudes from  
100µA to 1.6mA. Two uncommitted CMOS outputs can be  
used to provide external control signals, or configured to  
Applications  
n Portable wireless communications (PCS/PCN, cordless)  
n Dual mode cellular telephone systems  
n Zero blind slot TDMA systems  
FastLock  
mode. Serial data is transferred into the  
n Spread spectrum communication systems (CDMA)  
n Cable TV Tuners (CATV)  
LMX2350/2352 via a three wire interface (Data, LE, Clock).  
Supply voltage can range from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. The LMX2350/  
Block Diagram  
DS100831-1  
© 2001 National Semiconductor Corporation  
DS100831  
www.national.com  
Connection Diagrams  
DS100831-2  
Order Number LMX2350TM or LMX2352TM  
NS Package Number MTC24  
DS100831-22  
Pin Descriptions  
Pin No.  
for CSP  
Pin No. Pin Name  
for  
I/O  
Description  
Package TSSOP  
package  
24  
1
1
2
OUT0  
VccRF  
O
-
Programmable CMOS output. Level of the output is controlled by IF_N [17] bit.  
RF PLL power supply voltage input. Must be equal to VccIF. May range from 2.7 V to  
5.5 V. Bypass capacitors should be placed as close as possible to this pin and be  
connected directly to the ground plane.  
2
3
3
4
Vp  
-
Power supply for RF charge pump. Must be Vcc and Vcc .  
RF IF  
RF  
CPo  
O
RF charge pump output. Connected to a loop filter for driving the control input of an  
external VCO.  
RF  
4
5
6
5
6
7
GND  
-
I
I
Ground for RF PLL digital circuitry.  
fin RF  
fin RF  
RF prescaler input. Small signal input from the VCO.  
RF prescaler complimentary input. A bypass capacitor should be placed as close as  
possible to this pin and be connected directly to the ground plane.  
7
8
8
9
GND  
-
Ground for RF PLL analog circuitry.  
OSCx  
I/O  
Dual mode oscillator output or RF R counter input. Has a Vcc/2 input threshold when  
configured as an input and can be driven from an external CMOS or TTL logic gate.  
Can also be configured as an output to work in conjunction with OSCin to form a  
crystal oscillator. (See functional description 1.1 and programming description 3.1.)  
www.national.com  
2
Pin Descriptions (Continued)  
Pin No.  
for CSP  
Pin No. Pin Name  
for  
I/O  
Description  
Package TSSOP  
package  
9
10  
OSCin  
I
Oscillator input which can be configured to drive both the IF and RF R counter inputs  
or only the IF R counter depending on the state of the OSC programming bit. (See  
functional description 1.1 and programming description 3.1.)  
10  
11  
11  
12  
FoLD  
O
I
Multiplexed output of N or R divider and RF/IF lock detect. Active High/Low CMOS  
output except in analog lock detect mode. (See programming description 3.1.5.)  
RF PLL Enable. Powers down RF N and R counters, prescaler, and will TRI-STATE®  
the charge pump output when LOW. Bringing RF_EN high powers up RF PLL  
depending on the state of RF_CTL_WORD. (See functional description 1.9.)  
RF_EN  
12  
13  
IF_EN  
I
IF PLL Enable. Powers down IF N and R counters, prescaler, and will TRI-STATE the  
charge pump output when LOW. Bringing IF_EN high powers up IF PLL depending on  
the state of IF_CTL_WORD. (See functional description 1.9.)  
13  
14  
15  
14  
15  
16  
CLOCK  
DATA  
LE  
I
I
I
High impedance CMOS Clock input. Data for the various counters is clocked into the  
24 - bit shift register on the rising edge.  
Binary serial data input. Data entered MSB first. The last two bits are the control bits.  
High impedance CMOS input.  
Load enable high impedance CMOS input. Data stored in the shift registers is loaded  
into one of the 4 internal latches when LE goes HIGH. (See functional description 1.7.)  
16  
17  
17  
18  
GND  
fin IF  
-
I
Ground for IF analog circuitry.  
IF prescaler complimentary input. A bypass capacitor should be placed as close as  
possible to this pin and be connected directly to the ground plane.  
18  
19  
20  
19  
20  
21  
fin IF  
GND  
CPoIF  
I
-
IF prescaler input. Small signal input from the VCO.  
Ground for IF digital circuitry.  
O
IF charge pump output. For connection to a loop filter for driving the input of an  
external VCO.  
21  
22  
22  
23  
VpIF  
-
-
Power supply for IF charge pump. Must be Vcc and Vcc .  
RF IF  
VccIF  
IF power supply voltage input. Must be equal to VccRF . Input may range from 2.7 V to  
5.5 V. Bypass capacitors should be placed as close as possible to this pin and be  
connected directly to the ground plane.  
23  
24  
OUT1  
O
Programmable CMOS output. Level of the output is controlled by IF_N [18] bit.  
3
www.national.com  
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)  
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/  
Distributors for availability and specifications.  
Value  
Parameter  
Power Supply Voltage  
Symbol  
VccRF  
VccIF  
VpRF  
VpIF  
Vi  
Min  
-0.3  
-0.3  
-0.3  
-0.3  
-0.3  
-65  
Typ  
Max  
6.5  
Units  
V
6.5  
V
6.5  
V
6.5  
V
Voltage on any pin with GND = 0 volts  
Storage Temperature Range  
Vcc + 0.3  
+150  
+260  
V
Ts  
C˚  
C˚  
Lead Temperature (Solder 4 sec.)  
TL  
Recommended Operating Conditions  
Value  
Typ  
Parameter  
Symbol  
VccRF  
VccIF  
VpRF  
VpIF  
Min  
Max  
Units  
Power Supply Voltage  
2.7  
VccRF  
Vcc  
5.5  
VccRF  
5.5  
V
V
V
V
C
Vcc  
5.5  
Operating Temperature  
TA  
-40  
+ 85  
Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage  
to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the  
device is intended to be functional, but do not guarantee specific perfor-  
mance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the  
Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the  
test conditions listed.  
Note 2: This Device is a high performance RF integrated circuit with an ESD  
<
rating  
2 KV and is ESD sensitive. Handling and assembly of this device  
should only be done at ESD-free workstations.  
<
<
Electrical Characteristics (Vcc = Vcc = VP = VPIF= 3.0V; −40˚ C TA 85˚ C except as specified)  
RF  
IF  
RF  
Sym-  
bol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
General  
Icc  
Power Supply Current  
LMX2350  
LMX2352  
RF and IF,  
Vcc= 2.7V to 5.5V  
6.5  
8.75  
6.0  
mA  
mA  
RF and IF,  
4.75  
V
cc= 2.7V to 5.5V  
LMX2350/52 IF only, Vcc= 2.7V to 5.5V  
RF_EN = IF_EN = LOW  
1
5
2.2  
20  
mA  
µA  
ICC-PWDN Power Down Current  
fin RF  
RF Operating  
Frequency  
LMX2350  
Prescaler = 32 (Note 3)  
Prescaler = 16 (Note 3)  
Prescaler = 16 (Note 3)  
Prescaler = 8 (Note 3)  
1.2  
0.5  
0.5  
0.25  
10  
2.5  
1.2  
1.2  
0.5  
550  
50  
GHz  
GHz  
GHz  
GHz  
MHz  
MHz  
MHz  
LMX2352  
fin IF  
fOSC  
IF Operating Frequency  
Oscillator Frequency  
No load on OSCx (Note 3)  
2
With resonator load on  
OSCx (Note 3)  
2
20  
fφ  
Phase Detector Frequency  
RF Input Sensitivity  
RF and IF  
10  
0
MHz  
dBm  
dBm  
dBm  
VPP  
Pfin RF  
2.7VVCC 3.0V  
3.0VVCC 5.5V  
2.7 VVCC5.5V  
OSCin, OSCx  
−15  
−10  
−10  
0.5  
0
Pfin IF  
VOSC  
IF Input Sensitivity  
Oscillator Sensitivity  
0
VCC  
www.national.com  
4
<
<
Electrical Characteristics (Vcc = Vcc = VP = VPIF= 3.0V; −40˚ C TA 85˚ C except as  
RF  
IF  
RF  
specified) (Continued)  
All Min/Max specifications are guaranteeed by design, or test, or statistical methods.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
Charge Pump  
ICPo-source  
RF  
RF Charge Pump  
Output Current (see  
Programming  
VCPo Vp/2, RF_CP_WORD = 0000  
−100  
µA  
ICPo-sink RF  
VCPo = Vp/2, RF_CP_WORD = 0000  
VCPo = Vp/2, RF_CP_WORD = 1111  
100  
µA  
Description 3.2.2)  
ICPo-source  
RF  
−1.6  
mA  
ICPo-sink RF  
VCPo = Vp/2, RF_CP_WORD = 1111  
1.6  
mA  
µA  
ICPo-source  
IF  
IF Charge Pump Output VCPo = Vp/2, CP_GAIN_8 = 0  
Current (see  
−100  
Programming  
Description 3.1.4)  
ICPo-sink IF  
VCPo = Vp/2, CP_GAIN_8 = 0  
VCPo = Vp/2, CP_GAIN_8 = 1  
100  
µA  
µA  
ICPo-source  
IF  
−800  
ICPo-sink IF  
ICPo-Tri  
VCPo = Vp/2, CP_GAIN_8 = 1  
800  
µA  
nA  
Charge Pump  
TRI-STATE Current  
0.5 VCPo Vp - 0.5  
-2.5  
2.5  
10  
<
<
-40˚ C TA 85˚ C  
ICPo-sink  
vs.  
ICPo-source  
CP Sink vs. Source  
Mismatch  
VCPo = Vp/2  
TA = 25˚ C  
RFICPo  
= 400 µA - 1.6 mA  
3
4
8
%
%
%
ICPo vs.  
VCPo  
CP Current vs. Voltage  
0.5 VCPo Vp -  
0.5  
RFICPo  
= 800 µA - 1.6 mA  
15  
TA = 25˚ C  
ICPo vs. T  
CP Current vs  
Temperature  
VCPo = Vp/2  
<
<
-40˚ C TA 85˚ C  
Digital Interface  
VIH  
VIL  
IIH  
High-level Input Voltage (Note 4)  
0.8 Vcc  
V
Low-level Input Voltage  
High-level Input Current  
Low-level Input Current  
Oscillator Input Current  
Oscillator Input Current  
(Note 4)  
0.2 Vcc  
1.0  
V
VIH= VCC= 5.5 V, (Note 4)  
VIL= 0, VCC= 5.5 V, (Note 4)  
VIH= VCC= 5.5 V  
−1.0  
−1.0  
µA  
µA  
µA  
µA  
V
IIL  
1.0  
IIH  
100  
IIL  
VIL= 0, VCC= 5.5 V  
IOH= −500 µA  
−100  
VOH  
High-level Output  
Voltage  
VCC −0.4  
VOL  
High-level Output  
Voltage  
IOL= 500 µA  
0.4  
V
MICROWIRE Timing  
tCS Data to Clock Setup  
See Data Input Timing  
See Data Input Timing  
50  
10  
ns  
ns  
Time  
tCH  
Data to Clock Hold  
Time  
tCWH  
tCWL  
tES  
Clock Pulse Width High  
Clock Pulse Width Low  
See Data Input Timing  
See Data Input Timing  
See Data Input Timing  
50  
50  
50  
ns  
ns  
ns  
Clock to Load Enable  
Set Up Time  
tEW  
Load Enable Pulse  
Width  
See Data Input Timing  
50  
ns  
Note 3: Minimum operating frequencies are not production tested - only characterized.  
Note 4: except fin, OSCin and OSCx  
5
www.national.com  
Charge Pump Current Specification Definitions  
DS100831-7  
I1 = CP sink current at V = Vp − V  
Do  
I2 = CP sink current at V = Vp/2  
Do  
I3 = CP sink current at V = V  
Do  
I4 = CP source current at V = Vp − V  
Do  
I5 = CP source current at V = Vp/2  
Do  
I6 = CP source current at V = V  
Do  
V = Voltage offset from positive and negative rails. Dependent on VCO tuning range relative to V  
and ground. Typical values are between 0.5V and 1.0V.  
CC  
1
1
1
2
Note 5: I vs V = Charge Pump Output Current magnitude variation vs Voltage = [1⁄  
2
{||1| − ||3|}]/[ ⁄  
2
{||1| + ||3|}] 100% and [ ⁄  
2
*
*
*
*
*
{||4| − ||6|}]/[ ⁄ {||4| +  
Do  
Do  
*
||6|}] 100%  
= Charge Pump Output Current Sink vs Source Mismatch = [||2| − ||5|]/[1⁄  
Do-source  
2
* *  
{||2| + ||5|}] 100%  
Note 6: I  
vs I  
Do-sink  
@
@
@
*
@
@
Note 7: I vs T = Charge Pump Output Current magnitude variation vs Temperature = [||2 temp| − ||2 25˚C|]/||2 25˚C| 100% and [||5 temp| − ||5  
Do  
A
@
*
25˚C|]/||5 25˚C| 100%  
www.national.com  
6
RF Sensitivity Test Block Diagram  
DS100831-8  
Note: N = 10,000 R = 50 P = 32  
Note: Sensitivity limit is reached when the error of the divided RF output, F LD, is 1 Hz.  
o
Typical Performance Characteristics  
ICC vs VCC  
LMX2350  
ICC vs VCC  
LMX2352  
DS100831-9  
DS100831-10  
ICPO TRI-STATE vs  
CPO Voltage  
Charge Pump Current vs CPO Voltage  
RF_CP_WORD = 0000 and 0111  
IF CP_GAIN_8 = 0 and 1  
DS100831-11  
DS100831-12  
7
www.national.com  
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Charge Pump Current vs CPO Voltage  
RF_CP_WORD = 0011 and 1111  
Sink vs Source Mismatch  
(See (Note 6) under Charge Pump Current  
Specification Definitions)  
DS100831-13  
DS100831-14  
RF Input Impedance  
VCC = 2.7V to 5.5V, fIN = 50 MHz to  
3 GHz (fIN Capacitor = 100 pF)  
IF Input Impedance  
VCC = 2.7V to 5.5V, fIN = 10 MHz to  
1 GHz (fIN Capacitor = 100 pF)  
DS100831-15  
DS100831-16  
www.national.com  
8
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
LMX2350 RF Sensitivity vs Frequency  
LMX2352 RF Sensitivity vs Frequency  
DS100831-18  
DS100831-17  
IF Input Sensitivity vs Frequency  
Oscillator Input Sensitivity vs Frequency  
DS100831-19  
DS100831-20  
LMX2350 VP Voltage vs VP Load Current in Vdoubler  
Mode, T = 25˚C  
DS100831-21  
9
www.national.com  
and a 10 bit B Counter. The LMX2350 is capable of operat-  
ing from 500 MHz to 1.2 GHz with the 16/17 prescaler  
offering a continuous integer divide range from 272 to  
16399, and 1.2 GHz to 2.5 GHz with the 32/33 prescaler  
offering a continuous integer divide range from 1056 to  
32767. The LMX2352 RF N counter is 18 bits with 14 bits  
integer divide and 4 bits fractional. The integer part is con-  
figured as a 4 bit A Counter and a 10 bit B Counter. The  
LMX2352 is capable of operating from 250 MHz to 500 MHz  
with the 8/9 prescaler offering a continuous integer divide  
range from 72 to 8199, and 500MHz to 1.2 GHz with 16/17  
prescaler offering a continuous integer divide range from 272  
to 16383. The RF counters for the LMX2350 family also  
contain fractional compensation, programmable in either  
1/15 or 1/16 modes. Both LMX2350 and LMX2352 IF N  
counters are 15 bit integer dividers configured with a 3 bit A  
Counter and a 12 bit B Counter offering a continuous integer  
divide range from 56 to 32,767 over the frequency range of  
10 MHz to 550 MHz. The IF N counters do not include  
fractional compensation.  
Functional Description  
1.0 General  
The basic phase-lock-loop (PLL) configuration consists of a  
high-stability crystal reference oscillator, a frequency synthe-  
sizer such as the National Semiconductor LMX2350/52, a  
voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), and a passive loop filter.  
The frequency synthesizer includes a phase detector, cur-  
rent mode charge pump, as well as programmable reference  
[R] and feedback [N] frequency dividers. The VCO frequency  
is established by dividing the crystal reference signal down  
via the R counter to obtain a frequency that sets the com-  
parison frequency. This reference signal, fr, is then pre-  
sented to the input of a phase/frequency detector and com-  
pared with another signal, fp, the feedback signal, which was  
obtained by dividing the VCO frequency down by way of the  
N counter and fractional circuitry. The phase/frequency de-  
tector’s current source outputs pump charge into the loop  
filter, which then converts the charge into the VCO’s control  
voltage. The phase/frequency comparator’s function is to  
adjust the voltage presented to the VCO until the feedback  
signal’s frequency (and phase) match that of the reference  
signal. When this ’phase-locked’ condition exists, the RF  
VCO’s frequency will be N+F times that of the comparison  
frequency, where N is the integer divide ratio and F is the  
fractional component. The fractional synthesis allows the  
phase detector frequency to be increased while maintaining  
the same frequency step size for channel selection. The  
division value N is thereby reduced giving a lower phase  
noise referred to the phase detector input, and the compari-  
son frequency is increased allowing faster switching times.  
1.3.1 Prescaler  
The RF and IF inputs to the prescaler consist of fin and /fin;  
which are complimentary inputs to differential pair amplifiers.  
The complimentary inputs are internally coupled to ground  
with a 10 pF capacitor. These inputs are typically AC coupled  
to ground through external capacitors as well. The input  
buffer drives the A counter’s ECL D-type flip flops in a dual  
modulus configuration. A 16/17 or 32/33 prescale ratio can  
be selected for the LMX2350, and the lower frequency  
LMX2352 provides 8/9 or 16/17 prescale ratios. The IF  
circuitry for both the LMX2350 and LMX2352 contain an 8/9  
prescaler. The prescaler clocks the subsequent CMOS flip-  
flop chain comprising the fully programmable A and B  
counters.  
1.1 Reference Oscillator Inputs  
The reference oscillator frequency for the RF and IF PLL’s is  
provided by either an external reference through the OSCin  
pin and OSCx pin, or an external crystal resonator across  
the OSCin and OSCx pins. OSCin/OSCx block can operate  
to 50MHz with an input sensitivity of 0.5Vpp. The OSC bit  
(see programming description 3.1.1), selects whether the  
oscillator input pins OSCin and OSCx drive the IF and RF R  
counters separately (Low) or by a common input signal path  
(Hi). The common OSC mode allows the user to form a local  
crystal oscillator circuit or drive the OSCin pin from an ex-  
ternal signal source. When a crystal resonator is connected  
between OSCin and OSCx along with 2 external capacitors  
to form a crystal oscillator both reference chains are driven  
simultaneously. When a TCXO is connected only at the  
OSCin input pin and not at the OSCx pin, the TCXO drives  
both IF R counter and RF R counter. When configured as  
separate inputs, the OSCin pin drives the IF R counter while  
the OSCx drives the RF R counter. The inputs have a Vcc/2  
input threshold and can be driven from an external CMOS or  
TTL logic gate.  
1.3.2 Fractional Compensation  
The fractional compensation circuitry of the LMX2350 and  
LMX2352 RF dividers allow the user to adjust the VCO’s  
tuning resolution in 1/16 or 1/15 increments of the phase  
detector comparison frequency. A 4 bit register is pro-  
grammed with the fractions desired numerator, while another  
bit selects between fractional 15 and 16 modulo base de-  
nominator (see programming description 4.2.4). An integer  
average is accomplished by using a 4 bit accumulator. A  
variable phase delay stage compensates for the accumu-  
lated integer phase error, minimizing the charge pump duty  
cycle, and reducing spurious levels. This technique elimi-  
nates the need for compensation current injection in to the  
loop filter. Overflow signals generated by the accumulator  
are equivalent to 1 full VCO cycle, and result in a pulse  
swallow.  
1.4 Phase/Frequency Detector  
The RF and IF phase(/frequency) detectors are driven from  
their respective N and R counter outputs. The maximum  
frequency at the phase detector inputs is about 10 MHz for  
some high frequency VCO due to the minimum continuous  
divide ratio of the dual modulus prescaler. For example if the  
phase detector frequency exceeds 2.37 MHz, there are  
higher chances of running into illegal divide ratios, because  
the mimimum continuous divide ratio of the LMX2350 with  
32/33 prescaler is 1056. The phase detector outputs control  
the charge pumps. The polarity of the pump-up or pump-  
down control is programmed using RF_PD_POL or IF_PD-  
_POL depending on whether RF/IF VCO characteristics are  
positive or negative (see programming descriptions 3.1.4  
1.2 Reference Dividers (R Counters)  
The RF and IF R Counters are clocked through the oscillator  
block either separately or in common. The maximum fre-  
quency is 50MHz. Both R Counters are 15 bit CMOS  
counters with a divide range from 3 to 32,767. (See program-  
ming description 3.1.3.)  
1.3 Programmable Dividers (N Counters)  
The RF and IF N Counters are clocked by the small signal fin  
RF and fin IF input pins respectively. The LMX2350 RF N  
counter is 19 bits with 15 bits integer divide and 4 bits  
fractional. The integer part is configured as a 5 bit A Counter  
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10  
signal is also selectable. The lock detect output is always low  
when the PLL is in power down mode. See programming  
descriptions 3.1.5, 4.6 - 4.8 for more details.  
Functional Description (Continued)  
and 3.2.2). The phase detector also receives a feedback  
signal from the charge pump, in order to eliminate dead  
zone.  
1.9 Power Control  
Each PLL is individually power controlled by device enable  
pins or MICROWIRE power down bits. The enable pins  
override the power down bits except for the V2_EN bit. The  
RF_EN pin controls the RF PLL; IF_EN pin controls the IF  
PLL. When both pins are high, the power down bits deter-  
mine the state of power control (see programming descrip-  
tion 3.2.1.2). Activation of any PLL power down mode results  
in the disabling of the respective N counter and de-biasing of  
its respective Fin input (to a high impedance state). The R  
counter functionality also becomes disabled when the power  
down bit is activated. The reference oscillator block powers  
down and the OSCin pin reverts to a high impedance state  
when both RF and IF enable pins or power down bit’s are  
asserted, unless the V2_EN bit (RF_R[22]) is high. Power  
down forces the respective charge pump and phase com-  
parator logic to a TRI-STATE condition. A power down  
counter reset function resets both N and R counters. Upon  
powering up the N counter resumes counting in “close”  
alignment with the R counter (The maximum error is one  
prescaler cycle). The MICROWIRE control register remains  
active and capable of loading and latching in data during all  
of the power down modes.  
1.5 Charge Pump  
The phase detector’s current source outputs pump charge  
into an external loop filter, which then converts the charge  
into the VCO’s control voltage. The charge pumps steer the  
charge pump output, CPo, to Vcc (pump-up) or ground  
(pump-down). When locked, CPo is primarily in  
a
TRI-STATE® mode with small corrections. The RF charge  
pump output current magnitude is programmable from 100  
µA to 1.6 mA in 100 µA steps as shown in table in program-  
ming description 3.2.2. The IF charge pump is set to either  
100µA or 800µA levels using bit IF_R [19] (see programming  
description 3.1.4).  
1.6 Voltage Doubler  
The VpRF pin is normally driven from an external power  
supply over a range of Vcc to 5.5v to provide current for the  
RF charge pump circuit. An internal voltage doubler circuit  
connected between the Vcc and VpRF supply pins alter-  
±
nately allows Vcc = 3v ( 10%) users to run the RF charge  
pump circuit at close to twice the Vcc power supply voltage.  
The voltage doubler mode is enabled by setting the V2_EN  
bit (RF_R [22]) to a HIGH level. The voltage doubler’s  
charge pump driver originates from the RF oscillator input  
(OSCx). The device will not totally powerdown until the  
V2_EN bit is programmed low. The average delivery current  
of the doubler is less than the instantaneous current demand  
of the RF charge pump when active and is thus not capable  
of sustaining a continuous out of lock condition. A large  
external capacitor connected to VpRF is therefore needed to  
control power supply droop when changing frequencies. Re-  
fer to the application note AN-1119 for more details.  
1.7 MICROWIRE Serial Interface  
The programmable functions are accessed through the MI-  
CROWIRE serial interface. The interface is made of 3 func-  
tions: clock, data and latch enable (LE). Serial data for the  
various counters is clocked in from data on the rising edge of  
clock, into the 24- bit shift register. Data is entered MSB first.  
The last two bits decode the internal register address. On the  
rising edge of LE, data stored in the shift register is loaded  
into one of the 4 appropriate latches (selected by address  
bits). A complete programming description is included in the  
following sections.  
1.8 Fo/LD Multifunction Output  
The Fo/LD output pin can deliver several internal functions  
including analog/digital lock detects, and counter outputs.  
See programming description 3.1.5 for more details.  
1.8.1 Lock Detect  
A digital filtered lock detect function is included with each  
phase detector through an internal digital filter to produce a  
logic level output available on the Fo/LD output pin if se-  
lected. The lock detect output is high when the error between  
the phase detector inputs is less than 15 nsec for 5 consecu-  
tive comparison cycles. The lock detect output is low when  
the error between the phase detector outputs is more than  
30 nsec for one comparison cycle. An analog lock detect  
11  
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Programming Description  
2.0 INPUT DATA REGISTER  
The descriptions below describe the 24-bit data register loaded through the MICROWIRE Interface. The data register is used to  
program the 15-bit IF_R counter register, and the 15-bit RF_R counter register, the 15-bit IF_N counter register, and the 19-bit  
RF_N counter register. The data format of the 24-bit data register is shown below. The control bits CTL [1:0] decode the internal  
register address. On the rising edge of LE, data stored in the shift register is loaded into one of the 4 appropriate latches (selected  
by address bits). Data is shifted in MSB first  
MSB  
LSB  
CTL [1:0]  
DATA [21:0]  
23  
2
1
0
2.1 Register Location Truth Table  
CTL [1:0]  
DATA Location  
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
IF_R register  
IF_N register  
RF_R register  
RF_N register  
2.2 Register Content Truth Table  
First Bit  
REGISTER BIT LOCATION  
16 15 14 13 12 11 10  
Last Bit  
23  
22  
21 20 19  
FoLD  
18  
17  
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
IF_R  
IF_N  
OSC  
FRAC_16  
IF_CP_WORD  
CMOS  
IF_R_CNTR  
IF_NB_CNTR  
RF_R_CNTR  
RF_NA_CNTR  
IF_CTL_WORD  
IF_NA_CNTR  
FRAC_CNTR  
RF_R DLL_MODE V2_EN  
RF_N RF_CTL_WORD  
RF_CP_WORD  
RF_NB_CNTR  
3.0 PROGRAMMABLE REFERENCE DIVIDERS  
3.1 IF_R Register  
If the Control Bits (CTL [1:0]) are 0 0, when LE is transitioned high data is transferred from the 24-bit shift register into a latch  
which sets the IF PLL 15-bit R counter divide ratio. The divide ratio is programmed using the bits IF_R_CNTR as shown in table  
3.1.3. The ratio must be 3. The IF_CP_WORD [1:0], programs the IF charge pump magnitude and polarity shown in 3.1.4. The  
OSC bit is used to enable the crystal oscillator mode. FoLD [2:0] is used to set the function of the Lock Detect output (pin 11),  
according to table 3.1.3.  
MSB  
OSC  
23  
LSB  
0
FRAC_16  
22  
FoLD [2:0]  
21  
IF_CP_WORD [1:0]  
18 17  
IF_R_CNTR [14:0]  
16  
0
1
19  
2
0
3.1.1 OSC  
(IF_R[23])  
The OSC bit, IF_R [23], selects whether the oscillator input pins OSCin and OSCx drive the IF and RF R counters separately or  
by a common input signal path. When the OSC bit = 1, a crystal resonator can be connected between OSCin and OSCx together  
with 2 capacitors to form a crystal oscillator. When OSC = 0 , the OSCin pin drives the IF R counter while the OSCx drives the  
RF R counter.  
3.1.2 FRAC_16  
(IF_R[22])  
The FRAC_16 bit, IF_R [22], is used to set the fractional compensation at either 1/16 and 1/15 resolution. When FRAC-16 is set  
to one, the fractional modulus is set to 1/16 resolution, and FRAC_16 = 0 corresponds to 1/15 (See section 4.2.4).  
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12  
Programming Description (Continued)  
3.1.3 15-BIT PROGRAMMABLE REFERENCE DIVIDER RATIO (R COUNTER)  
IF_R_CNTR/RF_R_CNTR  
(IF_R[2]-[16])  
Divide Ratio  
14  
0
13  
0
12  
0
11  
0
10  
0
9
0
0
-
8
0
0
-
7
0
0
-
6
0
0
-
5
0
0
-
4
0
0
-
3
0
0
-
2
0
1
-
1
1
0
-
0
1
0
-
3
4
-
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
32,767  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Notes: Divide ratio: 3 to 32,767 (Divide ratios less than 3 are prohibited).  
RF_R_CNTR/IF_R_CNTR These bits select the divide ratio of the programmable reference dividers.  
3.1.4 IF_CP_WORD  
(IF_R[17]-[18])  
IF_CP_WORD  
CP_GAIN_8  
(IF_R [17] - [18] )  
IF_PD_POL  
BIT  
LOCATION  
FUNCTION  
0
1
CP_GAIN_8  
IF_PD_POL  
IF_R [18]  
IF_R [17]  
IF Charge Pump Current Gain  
IF Phase Detector Polarity  
1X  
8X  
Negative  
Positive  
CP_GAIN_8 is used to toggle the IF charge pump current magnitude between 1x mode (100 uA typ) and 8x mode (800uA typ).  
IF_PD_POL is set to one when IF VCO characteristics are positive. When IF VCO frequency decreases with increasing control  
voltage IF_PD_POL should set to zero.  
3.1.5 FoLD* Programming Truth Table  
(IF_R[19]-[21])  
FoLD  
Fo/LD OUTPUT STATE  
IF and RF Analog Lock Detect (Open Drain)  
IF Digital Lock Detect  
RF Digital Lock Detect  
IF and RF Digital Lock Detect  
IF R counter  
0 0 0  
1 0 0  
0 1 0  
1 1 0  
0 0 1  
1 0 1  
IF N counter  
0 1 1  
1 1 1  
RF R counter  
RF N counter  
*FoLD - Fout/Lock Detect PROGRAMMING BITS  
3.2 RF_R Register  
If the Control Bits (CTL [1:0]) are 1 0, data is transferred from the 24-bit shift register into the RF_R register latch which sets the  
RF PLL 15-bit R counter divide ratio. The divide ratio is programmed using the RF_R_CNTR word as shown in table 3.1.3. The  
divide ratio must be 3. The bits used to control the voltage doubler (V2_EN) and RF Charge Pump (RF_CP_WORD) are  
detailed in 3.2.2.  
MSB  
LSB  
0
DLL_MODE  
23  
V2_EN  
22  
RF_CP_WORD [4:0]  
21  
RF_R_CNTR [14:0]  
16  
1
1
17  
2
0
13  
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Programming Description (Continued)  
3.2.1 (RF_R [22 - 23] )  
DLL_MODE  
V2_EN  
BIT  
LOCATION  
FUNCTION  
0
1
DLL_MODE  
V2_EN  
RF_R [23]  
Delay Line Loop Calibration  
Mode  
Slow  
Fast  
RF_R [22]  
RF_Voltage Doubler Enable  
Disabled  
Enabled  
1. V2_EN bit when set high enables the voltage doubler for the RF Charge Pump supply.  
2. DLL_MODE bit should be set to one for normal usage.  
3.2.2 RF_CP_WORD  
(RF_R[17]-[21])  
CP_8X  
CP_4X  
CP_2X  
CP_1X  
RF_PD_POL  
RF_PD_POL ( RF_R[17] ) should be set to one when RF VCO characteristics are positive. When RF VCO frequency decreases  
with increasing control voltage RF_PD_POL should be set to zero.  
CP_1x, CP_2x, CP_4x, and CP_8x are used to step the RF Charge Pump output current magnitude from 100 uA to 1.6 mA in  
100uA steps as shown in the table below.  
RF Charge Pump Output Truth Table  
ICPo uA (typ)  
CP8x  
CP4x  
CP2x  
CP1x  
RF_R[21]  
RF_R[20]  
RF_R[19]  
RF_R[18]  
100  
200  
300  
400  
-
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
1
1
-
0
1
0
1
-
900  
-
1
-
0
-
0
-
0
-
1600  
1
1
1
1
4.0 PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDERS (N COUNTERS)  
4.1 IF_N Register  
If the Control Bits (CTL [1:0]) are 01, data is transferred from the 24-bit shift register into the IF_N register latch which sets the  
PLL 15 bit programmable N counter value and various control functions. The IF_N counter consists of the 3-bit swallow counter  
(A counter), and the 12 bit programmable counter (B counter). Serial data format is shown below in tables 4.1.2 and 4.1.3. The  
divide ratio (IF_NB_CNTR) must be 3. The divide ratio is programmed using the bits IF_N_CNTR as shown in tables 4.1.2 and  
4.1.3. The divide ratio must be 56. The CMOS [3:0] bits program the 2 CMOS outputs detailed in section 4.4.  
MSB  
LSB  
1
IF_CTL_WORD [2:0]  
23  
CMOS [3:0]  
20  
IF_NB_CNTR [11:0]  
16  
IF_NA_CNTR [2:0]  
4
0
1
21  
17  
5
2
0
4.1.1 IF_CTL_WORD  
(IF_R[21]-[23])  
MSB  
LSB  
PWDN_MODE  
IF_CNT_RST  
PWDN_IF  
Note: See section 4.2.1.2 for IF control word truth table.  
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14  
Programming Description (Continued)  
4.1.2 3-BIT IF SWALLOW COUNTER DIVIDE RATIO (IF A COUNTER)  
Swallow Count  
(IF_N[2]−[4])  
IF_NA_CNTR  
(A)  
0
2
0
0
-
1
0
0
-
0
0
1
-
1
-
7
1
1
1
Note: Swallow Counter Value: 0 to 7  
IF_NB_CNTR IF_NA_CNTR  
Minimum continuous count = 56 ( A=0, B=7)  
4.1.3 12-BIT IF PROGRAMMABLE COUNTER DIVIDE RATIO (IF B COUNTER)  
IF_NB_CNTR  
(IF_N[5]-[16])  
Divide Ratio  
11  
0
10  
0
9
0
0
-
8
0
0
-
7
0
0
-
6
0
0
-
5
0
0
-
4
0
0
-
3
0
0
-
2
1
1
0
-
0
1
0
-
3
0
1
-
4
-
0
0
-
-
4,095  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Note: Divide ratio: 3 to 4095 (Divide ratios less than 3 are prohibited)  
IF_NB_CNTR IF_NA_CNTR  
N divider continuous integer divide ratio 56 to 32,767.  
4.2 RF_N Register  
If the control bits (CTL[2:0]) are 11, data is transferred from the 24-bit shift register into the RF_N register latch which sets the RF  
PLL 19 bit programmable N counter register and various control functions. The RF N counter consists of the 5-bit swallow counter  
(A counter) the 10 bit programmable counter (B counter), and 4 bit fractional counter. Serial data format is shown below. The  
divide ratio (RF_NB_CNTR) must be 3, and must be the swallow counter value + 2; RF_NB_CNTR( RF_NA_CNTR+2).  
MSB  
LSB  
1
RF_CTL_WORD [2:0]  
23  
RF_NB_CNTR [9:0]  
20  
RF_NA_CNTR [4:0]  
10  
FRAC_CONT [3:0]  
5
1
1
21  
11  
6
2
0
4.2.1.1 RF_CTL_WORD  
(RF_N[21]-[23])  
MSB  
LSB  
RF_CNT_RST  
PWDN_RF  
PRESC_SEL  
4.2.1.2 RF/IF Control Word Truth Table  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
0
1
Reset  
IF_CNT_RST/RF_CNT_RST  
PWDN_IF/PWDN_RF  
PWDN_MODE  
IF/RF counter reset  
Normal Operation  
Powered up  
IF/RF power down  
Powered down  
Power down mode select  
Prescaler Modulus select  
Asynchronous power down  
Synchronous power down  
PRESC  
LMX2350  
16/17  
32/33  
(0.5 to 1.2 GHz operation)  
(1.2 to 2.5 GHz operation)  
LMX2352  
8/9  
16/17  
(0.25 to 0.5 GHz operation)  
(0.5 to 1.2 GHz operation)  
The Counter Reset enable bit when activated allows the  
reset of both N and R counters. Upon powering up, the N  
counter resumes counting in ’close’ alignment with the R  
counter (the maximum error is one prescaler cycle).  
pump and phase comparator logic to a TRI-STATE condition.  
The MICROWIRE control register remains active and ca-  
pable of loading and latching in data during all of the power  
down modes.  
Activation of the PLL power down bits result in the disabling  
of the respective N counter divider and de-biasing of its  
respective fin inputs (to a high impedance state). The re-  
spective R counter functionality also becomes disabled  
when the power down bit is activated. The OSCin pin reverts  
to a high impedance state when both RF and IF power down  
bits are asserted. Power down forces the respective charge  
Both synchronous and asynchronous power down modes  
are available with the LMX2350 family in order to adapt to  
different types of applications. The power down mode bit  
IF_N[21] is used to select between synchronous and asyn-  
chronous power down. The MICROWIRE control register  
remains active and capable of loading and latching in data  
during all of the power down modes.  
15  
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4.2.2 5-BIT RF SWALLOW COUNTER DIVIDE RATIO  
Programming Description (Continued)  
(RF A COUNTER)  
(RF_N[6]-[10])  
Synchronous Power down Mode  
Swallow Count  
RF_NA_CNTR  
One of the PLL loops can be synchronously powered down  
by first setting the power down mode bit HIGH (IF_N[21] = 1)  
and then asserting its power down bit (IF_N[22] or RF_N[22]  
= 1). The power down function is gated by the charge pump.  
Once the power down bit is loaded, the part will go into  
power down mode upon the completion of a charge pump  
pulse event.  
(A)  
0
4
0
0
-
3
0
0
-
2
1
0
0
1
-
0
0
-
0
0
-
1
-
31  
1
1
1
1
1
Note: Swallow Counter Value LMX2350: 0 to 31; LMX2352: 0 to 15  
RF_NB_CNTR RF_NA_CNTR + 2  
Asynchronous Power down Mode  
One of the PLL loops can be asynchronously powered down  
by first setting the power down mode bit LOW (IF_N[21] = 0)  
and then asserting its power down bit (IF_N[22] or RF_N[22]  
= 1). The power down function is NOT gated by the charge  
pump. Once the power down bit is loaded, the part will go  
into power down mode immediately.  
4.2.3 10-BIT RF PROGRAMMABLE COUNTER DIVIDE  
RATIO (RF B COUNTER) (RF_N[11]-[20])  
RF_NB_CNTR  
Divide Ratio  
9
0
0
-
8
0
0
-
7
0
0
-
6
0
0
-
5
0
0
-
4
0
0
-
3
0
0
-
2
0
1
-
1
1
0
-
0
1
0
-
Prescaler select is used to set the RF prescaler. The  
LMX2350 is capable of operating from 500 MHz to 1.2 GHz  
with the 16/17 prescaler, and 1.2 GHz to 2.5 GHz with the  
32/33 prescaler selection. The LMX2352 is capable of oper-  
ating from 250 MHz to 500 MHz with the 8/9 prescaler, and  
500MHz to 1.2GHz with 16/17 prescaler selection.  
3
4
-
1,023  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Note: Divide ratio: 3 to 1023 (Divide ratios less than 3 are prohibited)  
RF_NB_CNTR RF_NA_CNTR + 2  
4.2.4 FRACTIONAL MODULUS ACCUMULATOR (FRAC_CNTR)  
(RF_N[2]-[5])  
Fractional Ratio (F)  
FRAC_CNTR  
Modulus 15  
Modulus 16  
RF_N[5]  
RF_N[4]  
RF_N[3]  
RF_N[2]  
0
1/15  
2/15  
-
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
0
-
0
0
1
-
0
1
0
-
1/16  
2/16  
-
14/15  
N/A  
14/16  
15/16  
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
4.3 PULSE SWALLOW FUNCTION  
fvco = [N + F] x [fosc / R ]  
N = (P x B) + A  
F:  
Fractional ratio (contents of FRAC_CNTR divided by  
the fractional modulus)  
fosc: Output frequency of the external reference frequency  
oscillator  
fvco: Output frequency of external voltage controlled oscil-  
lator (VCO)  
R:  
Preset divide ratio of binary 15-bit programmable ref-  
erence counter (3 to 16383)  
B:  
Preset divide ratio of binary 10-bit programmable  
counter  
P:  
Preset modulus of dual modulus prescaler  
(LMX2350:RF P=16 or 32, IF P=8)  
A:  
Preset value of binary 4 or 5-bit swallow counter (0 ≤  
A 31 {RF} , 0 A 15 {IF} , A+2 B {RF}, A B {IF})  
(LMX2352:RF P=8 or 16, IF P=8)  
4.4 CMOS (Programmable CMOS outputs)  
(IF_N[17]-[20])  
MSB  
LSB  
OUT_0  
FastLock  
TEST  
OUT_1  
Note: Test bit is reserved and should be set to zero for normal usage.  
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16  
Programming Description (Continued)  
4.4.1 Programmable CMOS Output Truth Table  
BIT  
LOCATION  
FUNCTION  
0
1
OUT_0  
IF_N[17]  
OUT0 CMOS output pin level  
set  
LOW  
HIGH  
OUT_1  
IF_N[18]  
IF_N[20]  
OUT1 CMOS output pin level  
set  
LOW  
HIGH  
FastLock  
FastLock mode select  
CMOS output  
FastLock mode  
When the FastLock bit is set to one, OUT_0 and OUT_1 are don’t care bits. FastLock mode utilizes the OUT0 and OUT1 output  
pins to synchronously switch between active low and TRI-STATE. The OUT0 = LOW state occurs whenever the RF loop’s CP_8X  
is selected HIGH while the FastLock bit is set HIGH (see programming description 3.2.2). The OUT0 pin reverts to TRI-STATE  
when the CP_8X bit is LOW. Similarly for the IF loop, the synchronous activation of OUT1= LOW or TRI-STATE, is dependent on  
whether the CP_GAIN_8 is high or low respectively (see programming description 3.1.4).  
4.5 SERIAL DATA INPUT TIMING  
DS100831-3  
Note: Data shifted into register on clock rising edge. Data is shifted in MSB first.  
TEST CONDITIONS: The Serial Data Input Timing is tested using a symmetrical waveform around Vcc/2. The test waveform has an edge rate of 0.6 V/nsec  
@
@
with amplitudes of 2.2V Vcc=2.7 V and 2.6V Vcc = 5.5 V.  
17  
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Programming Description (Continued)  
4.6 LOCK DETECT DIGITAL FILTER  
The Lock Detect Digital Filter compares the difference between the phase of the inputs of the phase detector to a RC generated  
delay of approximately 15nS. To enter the locked state (Lock = HIGH) the phase error must be less than the 15nS RC delay for  
5 consecutive reference cycles. Once in lock (Lock = HIGH), the RC delay is changed to approximately 30nS. To exit the locked  
state (Lock = LOW), the phase error must become greater than the 30nS RC delay. When the PLL is in the power down mode,  
Lock is forced LOW. A flow chart of the digital filter is shown at right.  
DS100831-4  
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18  
Programming Description (Continued)  
4.7 ANALOG LOCK DETECT FILTER  
When the Fo/LD output is configured in analog lock detect mode an external lock detect circuit is needed in order to provide a  
steady LOW signal when the PLL is in the locked state. A typical circuit is shown below. The fold output is active low (open drain)  
only when analog lock detect mode is selected.  
DS100831-5  
4.8 TYPICAL LOCK DETECT TIMING  
DS100831-6  
19  
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted  
Molded TSSOP, JEDEC Plastic Package (MTC24)  
Order Number LMX2350TM or LMX2352TM  
NS Package MTC24  
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20  
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)  
Molded CSP, JEDEC Plastic Package (SLB24A)  
Order Number LMX2350SLB or LMX2352SLB  
NS Package SLB24A  
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