MFRC531 [NXP]
Short Form Specification; 短表规格
NXP 
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
MF RC531
ISO 14443 Reader IC
Short Form Specification
Revision 2.0
February 2002
Philips
Semiconductors
Philips Semiconductors
Short Form Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443A Reader IC
MF RC531
CONTENTS
1
INTRODUCTION................................... 3
1.1
1.2
1.3
Scope................................................... 3
Features ............................................... 3
Applications........................................... 3
2
BLOCK DIAGRAM................................. 4
3
MF RC531 PINNING.............................. 5
Pinning Diagram.................................... 5
Pin Description...................................... 6
3.1
3.2
3.2.1 Antenna Interface.................................. 6
3.2.2 Analog Supply....................................... 6
3.2.3 Digital Supply........................................ 6
3.2.4 Auxillary Pin.......................................... 6
3.2.5 Reset Pin.............................................. 7
3.2.6 Oscillator............................................... 7
3.2.7 MIFAREÒ Interface................................ 7
3.2.8 Parallel Interface.................................... 7
3.2.9 SPI Compatible Interface........................ 8
3.3
Applications........................................... 8
3.3.1 Connecting Different µController's........... 8
3.3.2 Application Example.............................. 9
4
MIFARE® CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS...10
CRYPTO I: Card Authentication.............10
4.1
4.1.1 Initiating Card Authentication.................10
4.1.2 Second Part of Card Authentication .......10
5
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION.............11
DC Characteristics ...............................11
Start up Characteristics.........................11
5.1
5.2
â
MIFARE is a registered trademark of Philips Electronics N.V
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Philips Semiconductors
Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
·
·
·
Crypto1 and secure non-volatile internal key
memory
Pin-compatible to the MF RC500, MF RC530
and the SL RC400
The MF RC531 is member of a new family of
highly integrated reader ICs for contactless
communication at 13.56 MHz. This reader IC
family utilises an outstanding modulation and
demodulation concept completely integrated for all
kinds of passive contactless communication
methods and protocols at 13.56 MHz. The MF
RC531 is pin- compatible to the MF RC500, the
MF RC530 and the SL RC400.
Parallel µ-Processor interface with internal
address latch and IRQ line
·
·
·
SPI compatible interface
Flexible interrupt handling
Automatic detection of the used µ-Processor
interface type
The MF RC531 supports all layers of the
ISO14443 including the type A and type B
communication scheme
·
Comfortable 64 byte send and receive FIFO-
buffer
The MF RC531 supports contactless
communication using MIFARE® Higher Baudrates.
The internal transmitter part is able to drive an
antenna designed for proximity operating distance
(up to 100 mm) directly without additional active
circuitry.
The receiver part provides a robust and efficient
implementation of a demodulation and decoding
circuitry for signals from ISO14443 compatible
transponders.
The digital part handles the complete ISO14443
framing and error detection (Parity & CRC).
Additionally it supports the fast MIFARE® Classic
security algorithm to authenticate MIFAREÒ
Classic (e.g. MIFARE® Standard, MIFARE® Light)
products.
·
·
·
·
·
·
Hard reset with low power function
Power down mode per software
Programmable timer
Unique serial number
Bit- and byte-oriented framing
Internal oscillator buffer to connect 13.56 MHz
quartz, optimised for low phase jitter
·
·
3.3 V to 5 V operation for transmitter (antenna
driver) in short range and proximity
applications
3.3 V or 5V operation for the digital part
A comfortable parallel interface, which can be
directly connected to any 8-bit µ-Processor gives
high flexibility for the reader/terminal design.
Additionally a SPI compatible interface is
supported.
1.3 Applications
The MF RC531 is tailored to fit the requirements
of various applications using contactless
1.2 Features
communication based on ISO/IEC 14443 standard
where cost-effectiveness, small size, high
performance with a single voltage supply are
important.
·
·
Highly integrated analog circuitry to
demodulate and decode card response
Buffered output drivers to connect an antenna
with minimum number of external components
·
·
·
·
·
·
Public transport terminals
Handheld terminals
On board units
·
·
·
Proximity operating distance (up to 100 mm)
Supports ISO 14443
Supports MIFARE® Dual Interface Card ICs
and supports MIFARE® Classic protocol
Contactless PC terminals
Metering
·
Supports contactless communication with
higher baudrates up to 424kHz
Contactless public phones
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
2 BLOCK DIAGRAM
The block diagram shows the main internal parts
of the MF RC531.
operates in full transparent mode thus supporting
all layers of ISO 14443 A& B.
The parallel µController interface automatically
detects the kind of 8 bit parallel interface
connected to it. It includes a comfortable bi-
directional FIFO buffer and a configurable
interrupt output. This gives the flexibility to
connect a variety of µC, even low cost devices,
The status and control part allows configuration of
the device to adapt to environmental influences
and to adjust to operate with best performance.
For communication with MIFARE® Classic
products like MIFARE® Standard or MIFARE®
Light a high speed CRYPTO 1 stream cipher unit
and a secure non-volatile key memory is
implemented.
still meeting the requirements of high speed
contactless transactions.
Additionally a SPI compatible interface will be
supported. The MF RC531 acts as a slave during
the SPI communication. The SPI clock SCK has
to be generated by the master. The SPI interface
includes a comfortable bi-directional FIFO buffer.
The analog circuit includes a transmitting part with
a very low impedance bridge driver output. This
allows an operating distance up to 100mm. The
receiver is able to detect and decode even very
weak responses. Due to a highly sophisticated
implementation the receiver is no longer a limiting
factor for the operating distance.
The Data processing part performs parallel serial
conversion of the data. It supports framing
including CRC and parity generation / checking. It
MF RC531
Crypto1 Security
Data Bus
& Key Memory
Parallel
µController
Addr. Bus
Status and Control
Analog
Interface
with FIFO
Circuitry
Integrated
Demodulator,
Bit-Decoder,
Output Drivers
Control
Lines
Buffer
Data Processing
Parallel/Serial
Conversion
CRC/Parity Generation &
SPI
Check
Framing Generation &
Check
Interface
with FIFO
Buffer
Adress and
Data Bus
Bit Coding and Decoding
Figure 2-2: MF RC531 Block Diagram
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
3 MF RC531 PINNING
3.1 Pinning Diagram
The device is packaged in a 32 pin SO-package.
MF RC531
DVDD
DVSS
TVDD
TVSS
TX1
A0-A3
D0-D7
NRD
NWR
NCS
ALE
TX2
AVDD
AVSS
RX
VMID
IRQ
AUX
RST
XOUT
XIN
MFOUT
MFIN
Figure 3-1: MF RC531
The device operates with 3 individual power supplies for best performance in terms of EMC behaviour and
signal de-coupling. This gives outstanding RF performance and also maximum flexibility to adapt to different
operating voltages of digital and analog part.
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
3.2 Pin Description
3.2.1 ANTENNA INTERFACE
The contactless antenna interface basically uses four pins:
Name
TX1, TX2
VMID
Type
Function
O Buffered
Analog
Antenna Drivers
Reference Voltage
Antenna Input Signal
RX
I Analog
To drive the antenna the MF RC531 provides the energy carrier of 13.56 MHz through TX1 and TX2. This
signal is modulated by the transmitting data according the register settings.
The card responds with load modulation of the RF field. The resulting signal picked up by the antenna is
coupled out from the antenna matching circuit and forwarded to the RX-pin. Inside the MF RC531 the
receiver senses and demodulates the signal and processes it according to the register settings. Data is
passed further on to the parallel interface where it is accessible by the µ-Controller.
The MF RC531 uses a separate power supply for the driver stage.
Name
TVDD
TGND
Type
Function
Power
Power
Transmitter Supply Voltage
Transmitter Supply Ground
3.2.2 ANALOG SUPPLY
For best performance the MF RC531 analog part has a separate supply. It powers the oscillator, the analog
demodulator and decoder circuitry.
Name
AVDD
AGND
Type
Function
Power
Power
Analog Positive Supply Voltage
Analog Supply Ground
3.2.3 DIGITAL SUPPLY
The MF RC531 uses a separate digital supply.
Name
DVDD
DGND
Type
Function
Power
Power
Digital Positive Supply Voltage
Digital Supply Ground
3.2.4 AUXILLARY PIN
Internal signals may be selected to drive this pin. It is used for design-in support and test purpose.
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Philips Semiconductors
Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
3.2.5 RESET PIN
The reset pin disables internal current sources and clocks and detaches the MF RC531 virtually from the µC
bus. If RST is released, the MF RC531 executes the power up sequence.
3.2.6 OSCILLATOR
Name
XIN
Type
Function
I
Oscillator Buffer Input
Oscillator Buffer Output
XOUT
O
The very fast on-chip oscillator buffer operates with a 13.56 MHz crystal connected to XIN and XOUT. If the
device shall operate with an external clock it may be applied to pin XIN.
3.2.7 MIFAREÒ INTERFACE
The MF RC531 supports the active antenna concept of MIFARE®. It may handles the base-band signals
NPAUSE and KOMP of MIFARE® Core Modules (MF CMxxx) at the pins MFIN and MFOUT.
Name
MFIN
Type
Function
I with Schmitt Trigger
O
MIFARE® Interface Input
MIFARE® Interface Output
MFOUT
The MIFARE® interface may be used to communicate with either the analog or the digital part of the MF
RC531 separately in the following ways:
·
The analog circuit may be used stand-alone via the MIFARE® interface. In that case MFIN will be
connected to the externally generated NPAUSE signal. The MFOUT pin provides the KOMP signal.
·
The digital circuit may be used to drive an external analog circuit via the MIFARE® interface. In that case
the MFOUT pin provides the internally generated NPAUSE signal and MFIN will be connected to the
KOMP signal from the outside.
3.2.8 PARALLEL INTERFACE
16 pins control the parallel interface:
Name
Type
Function
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
Bi-directional Data Bus
D0 ¼ D7
A0 … A2
NWR / RNW
NRD / NDS
NCS
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
O
Address Lines
Not Write / Read Not Write
Not Read / Not Data Strobe
Not Chip Select
ALE
Address Latch Enable
Interrupt Request
IRQ
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
3.2.9 SPI COMPATIBLE INTERFACE
4 pins control the SPI compatible interface.
Name
A0
Type
Function
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
MOSI, master to slave
communication
A2
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
I/O with Schmitt Trigger
SCK, clock to be generated by the
master
D0
MISO, slave to master
communication
ALE
NSS, enables the SPI
communication
3.3 Applications
3.3.1 CONNECTING DIFFERENT µCONTROLLER'S
The MF RC531 supports different parallel µC interfaces and a SPI compatible interface. An intelligent auto-
detection logic automatically adapts the parallel interface to the respective bus system. Selection of the
device is performed with signal NCS.
To connect µ-Controllers using separated address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to DVDD.
To connect µ-Controllers using multiplexed address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to the signal
ALE of the µ-Controller
To connect µ-Controllers using RNW and NDS (instead of NWR and NRD) the µ-Controller’s RNW has to be
connected to pin NWR and NDS to pin NRD.
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Philips Semiconductors
Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
3.3.2 APPLICATION EXAMPLE
TX1
NCS, NRD, NWR
ALE
µController
DA0 ... DA7
MF RC531
IRQ
SO 32
TX2
RX
VMID
XOUT
XIN
Figure 3-2: MF RC531; Principle circuit for short distance
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
4 MIFARE® CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS
4.1 CRYPTO I: Card Authentication
communication status flags. If communication so
far has been successful the second part of the
authentication procedure can be started.
For correct authentication of MIFAREÒ Classic
products the fast CRYPTO 1 stream cipher is
available. The corresponding keys have to be
programmed into the secure non-volatile key
memory of the MF RC531.
4.1.2 SECOND PART OF CARD
AUTHENTICATION
Data to be transmitted to the card in this phase
are generated automatically by the internal
CRYPTO 1 unit inside the MF RC531. To request
this action the according command has to be
triggered.
Only two commands need to be sent by
application software to turn on CRYPTO 1
secured communication.
4.1.1 INITIATING CARD AUTHENTICATION
The card will respond with the second message
token. Then the communication status flags have
to be checked by the µ-Controller. If
The correct key for the authentication has to be
selected from the secure internal non-volatile key
authentication has been successful further
memory and loaded into the internal CRYPTO1
register. Next the authentication command is
transmitted to the card.
communication with a MIFAREÒ Classic card
continues CRYPTO 1 enciphered.
After receiving the first message token from the
card, the µ-Controller has to check the
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Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002
ISO 14443 Reader IC
MF RC531
5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
5.1 DC Characteristics
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Voltage Supply
DVDD
4.5
3.0
4.5
3.3
5.0
3.3
5.0
5.0
5.5
V
Digital Supply Voltage
3.6
5.5
5.5
AVDD
TVDD
Analog Supply Voltage
V
V
Transmitter Supply Voltage
Current Consumption
IDVDD
IAVDD
Operating Digital Supply Current
Idle Command
6
mA
mA
Idle Command,
Receiver On
Operating Analog Supply Current
25
ITVDD
continuous wave
50
mA
Operating Buffered Antenna Driver
Supply Current
5.2 Start up Characteristics
Mode
Current
CONDITIONS
UNIT Time
UNIT
Startup times and current consumption
Power on
-
-
< 1000
< 1000
< 1000
µs
µs
µs
Hard Reset via Reset Pin
Soft Reset via Register Setting
1
1
µA
µA
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Definitions
Data sheet status
Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be
published later.
Product specification
This data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress
above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress
ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the
Characteristics section of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended
periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.
Life support applications
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of
these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling
these products for use in such applications do so on their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for
any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.
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© Philips Electronics N.V. 1997
SCB52
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