FSQ211 [ONSEMI]

用于 8W 离线反激转换器的 650V 集成电源开关;
FSQ211
型号: FSQ211
厂家: ONSEMI    ONSEMI
描述:

用于 8W 离线反激转换器的 650V 集成电源开关

开关 电源开关 光电二极管 转换器
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April 2007  
FSQ211  
Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)  
Features  
Description  
The FSQ211 consists of an integrated Pulse Width  
Modulator (PWM) and SenseFET, specifically designed  
for high-performance, off-line Switch Mode Power  
Supplies (SMPS) with minimal external components.  
This device is an integrated high-voltage power  
switching regulator that combines a VDMOS SenseFET  
with a voltage mode PWM control block. The integrated  
PWM controller features include a fixed oscillator, Under  
Voltage Lockout (UVLO) protection, Leading Edge  
Blanking (LEB), an optimized gate turn-on/turn-off  
driver, Thermal Shutdown (TSD) protection, and  
temperature compensated precision-current sources for  
loop compensation and fault protection circuitry.  
ƒ Internal Avalanche-Rugged SenseFET  
ƒ Precision Fixed Operating Frequency (67KHz)  
ƒ Burst-Mode Operation  
ƒ Internal Start-up Circuit  
ƒ Pulse-by-Pulse Current Limiting  
ƒ Overload Protection (OLP)  
ƒ Internal Thermal Shutdown Function (TSD)  
ƒ Auto-Restart Mode  
ƒ Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) with Hysteresis  
ƒ Built-in Soft-Start  
When compared to a discrete MOSFET and controller or  
RCC switching converter solution, the FSQ211 device  
reduces total component count and design size and  
weight, while increasing efficiency, productivity, and  
system reliability. This device provides a basic platform  
well suited for cost-effective flyback converters.  
ƒ Secondary-Side Regulation  
Applications  
ƒ Charger & Adapter for Mobile Phone, PDA, & MP3  
ƒ Auxiliary Power for White Goods, PC, C-TV, &  
Monitor  
Related Application Notes  
ƒ AN-4137 Design Guidelines for Off-line Flyback  
Converters using FPS™  
ƒ AN-4141 Troubleshooting and Design Tips for  
Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) Flyback Applications  
ƒ AN-4147 Design Guidelines for RCD Snubber of  
Flyback  
ƒ AN-4134Design Guidelines for Off-line Forward  
Converters using FPS™  
ƒ AN-4138Design Considerations for Battery Charger  
Using Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™)  
Ordering Information  
Part Number  
Package  
Top Mark  
Q211  
BVDSS  
650V  
650V  
fOSC  
RDS(ON)  
18  
FSQ211  
FSQ211L  
8DIP  
8LSOP  
67KHz  
67KHz  
Q211L  
18Ω  
FPSTM is a trademark of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
Typical Application  
AC  
IN  
DC  
OUT  
Vstr  
PWM  
Vcc  
Drain  
Vfb  
GND  
Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application  
Internal Block Diagram  
Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram of FSQ211  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
2
Pin Assignments  
Drain  
Drain  
Drain  
Vstr  
GND  
Vcc  
1
2
8
7
6
5
Vfb  
NC  
3
4
Figure 3. Pin Configuration (Top View)  
Pin Definitions  
Pin  
Name  
Description  
1
GND  
Ground. SenseFET source terminal on primary side and internal control ground.  
Positive supply voltage input. Although connected to an auxiliary transformer winding,  
current is supplied from pin 5 (Vstr) via an internal switch during startup (see Block Diagram). It  
is not until VCC reaches the UVLO upper threshold (9V), that the internal start-up switch opens  
and device power is supplied via the auxiliary transformer winding.  
2
3
VCC  
Feedback. Inverts input to the PWM comparator with its normal input level between 0.5V and  
2.5V. It has a 0.4mA current source connected internally, while a capacitor and opto-coupler  
are typically connected externally. A feedback voltage of 4.5V triggers overload protection  
(OLP). There is a time delay while charging external capacitor CFB from 3V to 4.5V using an  
internal 5µA current source. This time delay prevents false triggering under transient  
conditions, but allows the protection mechanism to operate under true overload conditions.  
VFB  
4
5
NC  
No Connection.  
Start-up. This pin connects directly to the rectified AC line voltage source. At start-up, the  
internal switch supplies internal bias and charges an external storage capacitor placed  
between the VCC pin and ground. Once the VCC reaches 9V, the internal switch stops charging  
the capacitor.  
Vstr  
SenseFET Drain. The drain pins are designed to connect directly to the primary lead of the  
transformer and are capable of switching a maximum of 650V. Minimizing the length of the  
trace connecting these pins to the transformer decreases leakage inductance.  
6,7,8  
Drain  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
3
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be  
operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended.  
In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability.  
The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. TA=25°C unless otherwise specified.  
Symbol  
VDRAIN  
VSTR  
VDG  
Parameter  
Value  
650  
Unit  
V
Drain Pin Voltage  
Vstr Pin Voltage  
650  
V
Drain-Gate Voltage  
Gate-Source Voltage  
Supply Voltage  
650  
V
VGS  
±20  
V
VCC  
20  
V
VFB  
Feedback Voltage Range  
Total Power Dissipation  
-0.3 to VSTOP  
1.40  
V
PD  
W
°C  
°C  
°C  
TJ  
Operating Junction Temperature  
Operating Ambient Temperature  
Storage Temperature  
Internally limited  
-25 to +85  
-55 to +150  
TA  
TSTG  
Notes:  
1. Repetitive rating: Pulse width is limited by maximum junction temperature.  
2. L = 24mH, starting TJ = 25°C.  
Thermal Impedance  
TA=25°C unless otherwise specified.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Value  
Unit  
8DIP  
θJA  
θJC  
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Impedance(3)  
Junction-to-Case Thermal Impedance(4)  
89  
14  
°C/W  
°C/W  
Notes:  
3. Free standing with no heatsink; without copper clad. Measurement condition – Just before junction temperature  
TJ enters into OTP.  
4. Measured on the DRAIN pin close to plastic interface.  
5. All items are tested with the JEDEC standards: JESD 51-2 and 51-10 (DIP).  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
4
Electrical Characteristics  
TA=25°C unless otherwise specified,  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min. Typ. Max. Unit  
SENSEFET SECTION  
VDS=650V, VGS=0V  
25  
IDSS  
Zero-Gate-Voltage Drain Current  
µA  
VDS=520V, VGS=0V,  
TC=125°C  
200  
RDS(ON)  
gfs  
Drain-Source On-State Resistance(6)  
Forward Trans-Conductance  
Input Capacitance  
VGS=10V, ID=0.2A  
VDS=50V, ID=0.2A  
18  
1.3  
162  
18  
25  
1.0  
61  
S
CISS  
VGS=0V, VDS=25V,  
f=1MHz  
pF  
COSS  
CRSS  
Output Capacitance  
Reverse Transfer Capacitance  
3.8  
CONTROL SECTION  
fOSC  
ΔfOSC  
DMAX  
VSTART  
VSTOP  
IFB  
Switching Frequency  
Switching Frequency Variation(7)  
67  
±5  
67  
9
73  
±10  
74  
KHz  
%
-25°C TA 85°C  
Maximum Duty Cycle  
60  
8
%
VFB=GND  
10  
V
UVLO Threshold Voltage  
VFB=GND  
6
7
8
V
Feedback Source Current  
Internal Soft-Start Time  
0V VFB 3V  
0.35  
10  
0.40  
15  
0.45  
20  
mA  
ms  
tS/S  
BURST-MODE SECTION  
VBURH  
0.6  
0.7  
0.55  
150  
0.8  
V
V
TJ=25°C  
Burst-Mode Voltage  
VBURL  
0.45  
0.65  
VBUR(HYS)  
Hysteresis  
mV  
PROTECTION SECTION  
ILIM  
TSD  
Peak Current Limit  
di/dt= 65mA/µs  
0.32  
125  
4.0  
4
0.38  
145  
4.5  
5
0.44  
A
°C  
V
Thermal Shutdown Temperature(8)  
Shutdown Feedback Voltage  
Shutdown Delay Current  
VSD  
5.0  
6
IDELAY  
3V VFB VSD  
µA  
TOTAL DEVICE SECTION  
IOP Operating Supply Current (control part only) VCC 16V  
ICH  
Notes:  
1.5  
3.0  
mA  
µA  
Start-Up Charging Current  
VCC=0V , VSTR=50V  
450  
550  
650  
6. Pulse test: Pulse width 300us, duty 2%.  
7. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested in EDS (wafer test) process.  
8. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
5
Typical Performance Characteristics  
These characteristic graphs are normalized at TA = 25°C.  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 4. Reference Voltage (VREF) vs. TA  
Figure 5. Operating Supply Current (IOP) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 6. Start Threshold Voltage (VSTART) vs. TA  
Figure 7. Stop Threshold Voltage (VSTOP) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 8. Operating Frequency (fOSC) vs. TA  
Figure 9. Maximum Duty Cycle (DMAX) vs. TA  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
6
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
These characteristic graphs are normalized at TA = 25°C.  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 10. Peak Current Limit (ILIM) vs. TA  
Figure 11. Feedback Source Current (IFB) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 12. Shutdown Delay Current (IDELAY) vs. TA  
Figure 13. Shutdown Feedback Voltage (VSD) vs. TA  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
7
2. Feedback Control: The FSQ211 is a voltage-mode  
controlled device, as shown in Figure 16. Usually, an  
opto-coupler and shunt regulator, like KA431, are used  
to implement the feedback network. The feedback  
voltage is compared with an internally generated  
sawtooth waveform. This directly controls the duty cycle.  
When the shunt regulator reference pin voltage exceeds  
the internal reference voltage of 2.5V, the opto-coupler  
LED current increases, the feedback voltage VFB is  
pulled down, and it reduces the duty cycle. This  
happens when the input voltage increases or the output  
load decreases.  
Functional Description  
1. Start-up: At start-up, the internal high-voltage current  
source supplies the internal bias and charges the  
external VCC capacitor, as shown in Figure 14. In the  
case of the FSQ211, when VCC reaches 9V, the device  
starts switching and the internal high-voltage current  
source stops charging the capacitor. The device is in  
normal operation provided VCC does not drop below 7V.  
After start-up, the bias is supplied from the auxiliary  
transformer winding.  
VIN,dc  
ISTR  
Vstr  
OSC  
Vcc  
5µA  
Vref  
0.40mA  
V
cc  
L
Gate  
driver  
V
Vo  
fb  
4
+
C
H
fb  
R
VFB  
-
9V/7V  
KA431  
OLP  
VSD  
Figure 14. Internal Start-up Circuit  
Figure 16. PWM and Feedback Circuit  
Calculating the VCC capacitor is an important step in a  
design with the FSQ211. At initial start-up, the maximum  
value of start operating current ISTR is about 100µA,  
which supplies current to UVLO and VREF blocks. The  
charging current IVCC of the VCC capacitor is equal to ISTR  
– 100µA. After VCC reaches the UVLO start voltage, only  
the bias winding supplies VCC current to the device.  
When the bias winding voltage is not sufficient, the VCC  
level decreases to the UVLO stop voltage and the  
internal current source is activated again to charge the  
VCC capacitor. To prevent this VCC fluctuation  
(charging/discharging), the VCC capacitor should be  
chosen with a value between 10µF and 47µF.  
3. Leading Edge Blanking (LEB): The instant the  
internal SenseFET is turned on, the primary-side  
capacitance and secondary-side rectifier diode reverse  
recovery typically cause a high-current spike through the  
SenseFET. Excessive voltage across the RSENSE resistor  
leads to incorrect pulse-by-pulse current limit protection.  
To avoid this, a leading edge blanking (LEB) circuit  
disables the pulse-by-pulse current limit protection block  
for a fixed time (tLEB) after the SenseFET turns on.  
4. Protection Circuit: The FSQ211 has several  
protective functions, such as overload protection (OLP),  
under-voltage lockout (UVLO), and thermal shutdown  
(TSD). Because these protection circuits are fully  
integrated inside the IC without external components,  
reliability is improved without increasing costs. Once a  
fault condition occurs, switching is terminated and the  
SenseFET remains off. This causes VCC to fall. When  
VCC reaches the UVLO stop voltage VSTOP (7V), the  
protection is reset and the internal high-voltage current  
source charges the VCC capacitor via the Vstr pin. When  
VCC reaches the UVLO start voltage VSTART (9V), the  
device resumes normal operation. In this manner, the  
auto-restart can alternately enable and disable the  
switching of the power SenseFET until the fault  
condition is eliminated.  
V , dc  
IN  
ISTR  
Vstr  
IVcc = ISTR-ISTART  
IVcc = ISTR-ISTART  
J-FET  
VCC  
ISTART  
UVLO  
VREF  
VCC  
UVLO  
VSTART  
OSC  
VCC must not drop  
below VSTOP  
VSTOP  
S
R
Q
5µA  
400µA  
GATE  
DRIVER  
+
-
Bias winding  
voltage  
Vfb  
4
R
Cfb  
OLP  
t
S
R
Q
Figure 15. Charging VCC Capacitor Through Vstr  
4.5V  
OLP, TSD  
Protection Block  
RESE T  
TSD  
A/R  
Figure 17. Protection Block  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
8
4.1 Overload Protection (OLP): Overload is defined as  
the load current exceeding a pre-set level due to an  
unexpected event. In this situation, the protection circuit  
should be activated to protect the SMPS. However,  
even when the SMPS is operating normally, the over-  
load protection (OLP) circuit can be activated during the  
load transition. To avoid this undesired operation, the  
OLP circuit is designed to be activated after a specified  
time to determine whether it is a transient situation or an  
overload situation. If the output consumes more than the  
maximum power determined by ILIM, the output voltage  
(VO) decreases below its rating voltage. This reduces  
the current through the opto-coupler LED, which also  
reduces the opto-coupler transistor current, thus  
increasing the feedback voltage (VFB). If VFB exceeds  
3V, the feedback input diode is blocked and the 5µA  
current source (IDELAY) starts to charge CFB slowly up to  
Drain current  
ILIM  
2.14ms  
7steps  
t
Figure 19. Internal Soft-Start  
6. Burst Operation: To minimize the power dissipation  
in standby mode, the FSQ211 enters burst mode  
operation. As the load decreases, the feedback voltage  
decreases. The device automatically enters burst mode  
when the feedback voltage drops below VBURL (0.55V).  
At this point, switching stops and the output voltages  
start to drop. This causes the feedback voltage to rise.  
Once is passes VBURH (0.70V), switching starts again.  
The feedback voltage falls and the process repeats.  
Burst mode operation alternately enables and disables  
switching of the power MOSFET to reduce the switching  
loss in the standby mode.  
VCC. In this condition, VFB increases until it reaches  
4.5V, when the switching operation is terminated, as  
shown in Figure 18. Shutdown delay is the time required  
to charge CFB from 3V to 4.5V with 5µA current source.  
VFB  
OverloadProtection  
4.5V  
OSC  
GATE  
DR IVER  
S
R
Q
3V  
5µA  
400µA  
4
on/off  
Vfb  
t12= CFB×(V(t2)-V(t1)) /IDELAY  
0.70V  
/0.55V  
t1  
t2  
t
Burst Operation Block  
V(t2)• V(t1)  
IDELAY  
Figure 20. Burst Operation Block  
t12 =CFB  
; IDELAY =5mA,V(t1) =3V,V(t2) =4.5V  
V
Voset  
o
Figure 18. Overload Protection (OLP)  
4.2 Thermal Shutdown (TSD): The SenseFET and the  
control IC are integrated, making it easier for the control  
IC to detect the temperature of the SenseFET. When  
the temperature exceeds approximately 145°C, thermal  
shutdown is activated.  
VFB  
0.7V  
0.55V  
5. Soft-Start: The FPS has an internal soft-start circuit  
that slowly increases the feedback voltage, together with  
the SenseFET current, right after it starts up. The typical  
soft-start time is 15ms, as shown in Figure 19, where  
progressive increment of the SenseFET current is  
allowed during the start-up phase. Soft-start circuit  
progressively increases current limits to establish proper  
working conditions for transformers, inductors,  
capacitors, and switching device. It also helps prevent  
transformer saturation and reduces the stress on the  
secondary diode.  
I
ds  
V
ds  
t
Figure 21. Burst Operation Function  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
9
Application Tips  
Methods of Reducing Audible Noise  
Switching mode power converters have electronic and  
magnetic components that generate audible noises  
when the operating frequency is in the range of  
20~20,000Hz. Even though they operate above 20kHz,  
they can make noise depending on the load condition.  
Designers can employ several methods to reduce noise.  
Glue or Varnish  
The most common method involves using glue or  
varnish to tighten magnetic components. The motion of  
core, bobbin and coil, and the chattering or  
magnetostriction of core, can cause the transformer to  
produce audible noise. The use of rigid glue and varnish  
helps reduce the transformer noise, but can crack the  
core. This is because sudden changes in the ambient  
temperature cause the core and the glue to expand or  
shrink at a different rate.  
Figure 22. Equal Loudness Curves  
Ceramic Capacitor  
Using a film capacitor instead of a ceramic capacitor as  
a snubber capacitor is another noise-reduction option.  
Some dielectric materials show a piezoelectric effect,  
depending on the electric field intensity. Therefore, a  
snubber capacitor becomes one of the most significant  
sources of audible noise. It is possible to use a Zener  
clamp circuit instead of an RCD snubber for higher  
efficiency as well as lower audible noise.  
Adjusting Sound Frequency  
Moving the fundamental frequency of noise out of  
2~4kHz range is the third method. Generally, humans  
are more sensitive to noise in the range of 2~4kHz.  
When the fundamental frequency of noise is located in  
this range, the noise is perceived as louder, although  
the noise intensity level is identical (refer to Figure 22  
Equal Loudness Curves).  
Figure 23. Typical Feedback Network of FPS™  
Other Reference Materials  
AN-4134: Design Guidelines for Off-line Forward  
Converters Using Fairchild Power Switch  
(FPS™)  
When FPS acts in burst mode and the burst operation is  
suspected to be a source of noise, this method may be  
helpful. If the frequency of burst-mode operation lies in  
the range of 2~4kHz, adjusting the feedback loop can  
shift the burst operation frequency. To reduce the burst  
operation frequency, increase a feedback gain capacitor  
(CF), opto-coupler supply resistor (RD), and feedback  
capacitor (CB), and decrease a feedback gain resistor  
(RF), as shown in Figure 23.  
AN-4137: Design Guidelines for Off-line Flyback  
Converters Using Fairchild Power Switch  
(FPS™)  
AN-4138: Design Considerations for Battery Charger  
Using Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch  
(FPS™)  
AN-4140: Transformer Design Consideration for Off-line  
Flyback Converters Using Fairchild Power  
Switch (FPS™)  
AN-4141: Troubleshooting and Design Tips for Fairchild  
Power Switch (FPS™) Flyback Applications  
AN-4147: Design Guidelines for RCD Snubber of  
Flyback  
AN-4148: Audible Noise Reduction Techniques for  
FPS™ Application  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ211 Rev. 1.0.0  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
10  
0.400 10.16  
0.373 9.47  
A
C
0.036 0.9 TYP  
8
5
8
1
R0.032 0.813  
PIN #1  
0.092 2.337  
PIN #1  
0.255 6.48  
0.245 6.22  
C
1
4
B
D
0.070 1.78  
0.045 1.14  
TOP VIEW, OPTION 1  
TOP VIEW, OPTION 2  
0.320 8.13  
7° TYP  
0.300 7.62  
7° TYP  
0.135 3.43  
0.125 3.18  
0.210 5.33 MAX  
0.015 0.381  
0.010 0.254  
C
0.060 1.52  
MAX  
0.015 0.38 MIN  
0.140 3.56  
0.125 3.17  
0.300 7.62  
0.100 2.54  
0.021 0.53  
0.43 10.92 MAX  
0.015 0.38  
0.001 [0.025]  
FRONT VIEW  
M
C
SIDE VIEW  
NOTES:  
A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-001, VARIATION BA  
B. CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES.  
REFERENCE DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.  
C
D
DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS.  
MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED  
0.010 INCHES OR 0.25MM.  
DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSIONS.  
DAMBAR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010  
INCHES OR 0.25MM.  
E. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME  
Y14.5M-2009  
F. DRAWING FILENAME: MKT-N08Erev8  
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