R8C18 [RENESAS]
RENESAS 16-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MCU R8C FAMILY / R8C/1x SERIES; 瑞萨16位单片机MCU R8C族/ R8C / 1X系列
| 型号： | R8C18 |
| 厂家： | 
RENESAS TECHNOLOGY CORP |
| 描述： | RENESAS 16-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MCU R8C FAMILY / R8C/1x SERIES |
| 文件： | 总257页 (文件大小：2321K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
Hardware Manual
16
RENESAS 16-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MCU
R8C FAMILY / R8C/1x SERIES
All information contained in these materials, including products and product specifications,
represents information on the product at the time of publication and is subject to change by
Renesas Technology Corp. without notice. Please review the latest information published
by Renesas Technology Corp. through various means, including the Renesas Technology
Corp. website (http://www.renesas.com).
Rev.1.30
Revision Date: Apr 14, 2006
www.renesas.com
Keep safety first in your circuit designs!
1.
Renesas Technology Corp. puts the maximum effort into making semiconductor products
better and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with
them. Trouble with semiconductors may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage.
Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with ap-
propriate measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of non-
flammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap.
Notes regarding these materials
1.
These materials are intended as a reference to assist our customers in the selection of the
Renesas Technology Corp. product best suited to the customer's application; they do not
convey any license under any intellectual property rights, or any other rights, belonging to
Renesas Technology Corp. or a third party.
2.
3.
Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, or infringement of
any third-party's rights, originating in the use of any product data, diagrams, charts, pro-
grams, algorithms, or circuit application examples contained in these materials.
All information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, pro-
grams and algorithms represents information on products at the time of publication of these
materials, and are subject to change by Renesas Technology Corp. without notice due to
product improvements or other reasons. It is therefore recommended that customers con-
tact Renesas Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas Technology Corp. product dis-
tributor for the latest product information before purchasing a product listed herein.
The information described here may contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors.
Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability, or other
loss rising from these inaccuracies or errors.
Please also pay attention to information published by Renesas Technology Corp. by vari-
ous means, including the Renesas Technology Corp. Semiconductor home page (http://
www.renesas.com).
4.
5.
When using any or all of the information contained in these materials, including product
data, diagrams, charts, programs, and algorithms, please be sure to evaluate all informa-
tion as a total system before making a final decision on the applicability of the information
and products. Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liabil-
ity or other loss resulting from the information contained herein.
Renesas Technology Corp. semiconductors are not designed or manufactured for use in a
device or system that is used under circumstances in which human life is potentially at
stake. Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas Technology
Corp. product distributor when considering the use of a product contained herein for any
specific purposes, such as apparatus or systems for transportation, vehicular, medical,
aerospace, nuclear, or undersea repeater use.
6.
7.
The prior written approval of Renesas Technology Corp. is necessary to reprint or repro-
duce in whole or in part these materials.
If these products or technologies are subject to the Japanese export control restrictions,
they must be exported under a license from the Japanese government and cannot be im-
ported into a country other than the approved destination.
Any diversion or reexport contrary to the export control laws and regulations of Japan and/
or the country of destination is prohibited.
8.
Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. for further details on these materials or the
products contained therein.
General Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products
The following usage notes are applicable to all MPU/MCU products from Renesas. For detailed usage notes on the
products covered by this manual, refer to the relevant sections of the manual. If the descriptions under General
Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products and in the body of the manual differ from each other, the description
in the body of the manual takes precedence.
1. Handling of Unused Pins
Handle unused pins in accord with the directions given under Handling of Unused Pins in the manual.
The input pins of CMOS products are generally in the high-impedance state. In operation with an
unused pin in the open-circuit state, extra electromagnetic noise is induced in the vicinity of LSI, an
associated shoot-through current flows internally, and malfunctions occur due to the false
recognition of the pin state as an input signal become possible. Unused pins should be handled as
described under Handling of Unused Pins in the manual.
2. Processing at Power-on
The state of the product is undefined at the moment when power is supplied.
The states of internal circuits in the LSI are indeterminate and the states of register settings and pins
are undefined at the moment when power is supplied.
In a finished product where the reset signal is applied to the external reset pin, the states of pins are
not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the reset process is completed.
In a similar way, the states of pins in a product that is reset by an on-chip power-on reset function
are not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the power reaches the level at
which resetting has been specified.
3. Prohibition of Access to Reserved Addresses
Access to reserved addresses is prohibited.
The reserved addresses are provided for the possible future expansion of functions. Do not access
these addresses; the correct operation of LSI is not guaranteed if they are accessed.
4. Clock Signals
After applying a reset, only release the reset line after the operating clock signal has become stable.
When switching the clock signal during program execution, wait until the target clock signal has
stabilized.
When the clock signal is generated with an external resonator (or from an external oscillator) during
a reset, ensure that the reset line is only released after full stabilization of the clock signal. Moreover,
when switching to a clock signal produced with an external resonator (or by an external oscillator)
while program execution is in progress, wait until the target clock signal is stable.
5. Differences between Products
Before changing from one product to another, i.e. to one with a different type number, confirm that the
change will not lead to problems.
The characteristics of MPU/MCU in the same group but having different type numbers may differ
because of the differences in internal memory capacity and layout pattern. When changing to
products of different type numbers, implement a system-evaluation test for each of the products.
How to Use This Manual
1. Purpose and Target Readers
This manual is designed to provide the user with an understanding of the hardware functions and electrical
characteristics of the MCU. It is intended for users designing application systems incorporating the MCU. A basic
knowledge of electric circuits, logical circuits, and MCUs is necessary in order to use this manual.
The manual comprises an overview of the product; descriptions of the CPU, system control functions, peripheral
functions, and electrical characteristics; and usage notes.
Particular attention should be paid to the precautionary notes when using the manual. These notes occur
within the body of the text, at the end of each section, and in the Usage Notes section.
The revision history summarizes the locations of revisions and additions. It does not list all revisions. Refer
to the text of the manual for details.
The following documents apply to the R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group. Make sure to refer to the latest versions of these
documents. The newest versions of the documents listed may be obtained from the Renesas Technology Web site.
Document Type
Datasheet
Description
Document Title
Document No.
REJ03B0124
Hardware overview and electrical characteristics R8C/18 Group,
R8C/19 Group
Datasheet
Hardware manual Hardware specifications (pin assignments,
memory maps, peripheral function
R8C/18 Group,
R8C/19 Group
Hardware Manual
This hardware
manual
specifications, electrical characteristics, timing
charts) and operation description
Note: Refer to the application notes for details on
using peripheral functions.
Software manual Description of CPU instruction set
R8C/Tiny Series
Software Manual
REJ09B0001
Application note Information on using peripheral functions and
application examples
Available from Renesas
Technology Web site.
Sample programs
Information on writing programs in assembly
language and C
Renesas
Product specifications, updates on documents,
technical update etc.
2. Notation of Numbers and Symbols
The notation conventions for register names, bit names, numbers, and symbols used in this manual are described
below.
(1) Register Names, Bit Names, and Pin Names
Registers, bits, and pins are referred to in the text by symbols. The symbol is accompanied by the word
“register,” “bit,” or “pin” to distinguish the three categories.
Examples the PM03 bit in the PM0 register
P3_5 pin, VCC pin
(2) Notation of Numbers
The indication “b” is appended to numeric values given in binary format. However, nothing is appended to the
values of single bits. The indication “h” is appended to numeric values given in hexadecimal format. Nothing
is appended to numeric values given in decimal format.
Examples Binary: 11b
Hexadecimal: EFA0h
Decimal: 1234
3. Register Notation
The symbols and terms used in register diagrams are described below.
*1
XXX Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
XXX
Address
XXX
After Reset
00h
0
RW
RW
Bit Symbol
XXX0
Bit Name
XXX bits
Function
*2
b1 b0
1 0: XXX
0 1: XXX
1 0: Do not set.
1 1: XXX
XXX1
(b2)
RW
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
*3
Reserved bits
XXX bits
Set to 0.
RW
(b3)
XXX4
XXX5
*4
Function varies according to the operating
mode.
RW
WO
RW
RO
XXX6
XXX7
0: XXX
1: XXX
XXX bit
*1
*2
Blank: Set to 0 or 1 according to the application.
0: Set to 0.
1: Set to 1.
X: Nothing is assigned.
RW: Read and write.
RO: Read only.
WO: Write only.
−: Nothing is assigned.
*3
*4
• Reserved bit
Reserved bit. Set to specified value.
• Nothing is assigned
Nothing is assigned to the bit. As the bit may be used for future functions, if necessary, set to 0.
• Do not set to a value
Operation is not guaranteed when a value is set.
• Function varies according to the operating mode.
The function of the bit varies with the peripheral function mode. Refer to the register diagram for information
on the individual modes.
4. List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abbreviation
Full Form
ACIA
bps
Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter
bits per second
CRC
DMA
DMAC
GSM
Hi-Z
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Direct Memory Access
Direct Memory Access Controller
Global System for Mobile Communications
High Impedance
IEBus
I/O
Inter Equipment bus
Input/Output
IrDA
LSB
Infrared Data Association
Least Significant Bit
MSB
NC
Most Significant Bit
Non-Connection
PLL
Phase Locked Loop
PWM
SFR
SIM
Pulse Width Modulation
Special Function Registers
Subscriber Identity Module
Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
Voltage Controlled Oscillator
UART
VCO
Table of Contents
SFR Page Reference
1. Overview
B - 1
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
Applications.................................................................................................1
Performance Overview................................................................................2
Block Diagram.............................................................................................4
Product Information.....................................................................................5
Pin Assignments..........................................................................................7
Pin Functions.............................................................................................10
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
13
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Data Registers (R0, R1, R2, and R3)........................................................14
Address Registers (A0 and A1).................................................................14
Frame Base Register (FB) ........................................................................14
Interrupt Table Register (INTB).................................................................14
Program Counter (PC) ..............................................................................14
User Stack Pointer (USP) and Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP).....................14
Static Base Register (SB)..........................................................................14
Flag Register (FLG)...................................................................................14
Carry Flag (C).....................................................................................14
Debug Flag (D)...................................................................................14
Zero Flag (Z).......................................................................................14
Sign Flag (S).......................................................................................14
Register Bank Select Flag (B) ............................................................14
Overflow Flag (O) ...............................................................................14
Interrupt Enable Flag (I)......................................................................15
Stack Pointer Select Flag (U) .............................................................15
Processor Interrupt Priority Level (IPL) ..............................................15
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
2.8.5
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.8.8
2.8.9
2.8.10 Reserved Bit.......................................................................................15
3. Memory
16
R8C/18 Group ...........................................................................................16
R8C/19 Group ...........................................................................................17
3.1
3.2
A - 1
4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
5. Resets
18
22
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.2
Hardware Reset ........................................................................................24
When Power Supply is Stable ............................................................24
Power On............................................................................................24
Power-On Reset Function.........................................................................26
Voltage Monitor 1 Reset ...........................................................................27
Voltage Monitor 2 Reset............................................................................27
Watchdog Timer Reset..............................................................................27
Software Reset..........................................................................................27
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6. Programmable I/O Ports
28
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Functions of Programmable I/O Ports.......................................................28
Effect on Peripheral Functions ..................................................................28
Pins Other than Programmable I/O Ports..................................................28
Port settings ..............................................................................................35
Unassigned Pin Handling..........................................................................39
7. Voltage Detection Circuit
40
7.1
VCC Input Voltage.....................................................................................46
Monitoring Vdet1 ................................................................................46
Monitoring Vdet2 ................................................................................46
Digital Filter.........................................................................................46
Voltage Monitor 1 Reset............................................................................48
Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage Monitor 2 Reset .........................49
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.1.3
7.2
7.3
8. Processor Mode
51
8.1
Processor Modes ......................................................................................51
9. Bus
52
10. Clock Generation Circuit
53
10.1 Main Clock.................................................................................................60
10.2 On-Chip Oscillator Clocks .........................................................................61
10.2.1 Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock.................................................61
10.2.2 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock ................................................61
A - 2
10.3 CPU Clock and Peripheral Function Clock................................................62
10.3.1 System Clock......................................................................................62
10.3.2 CPU Clock..........................................................................................62
10.3.3 Peripheral Function Clock (f1, f2, f4, f8, and f32)...............................62
10.3.4 fRING and fRING128..........................................................................62
10.3.5 fRING-fast...........................................................................................62
10.3.6 fRING-S..............................................................................................62
10.4 Power Control............................................................................................63
10.4.1 Standard Operating Mode ..................................................................63
10.4.2 Wait Mode ..........................................................................................64
10.4.3 Stop Mode ..........................................................................................66
10.5 Oscillation Stop Detection Function ..........................................................68
10.5.1 How to Use Oscillation Stop Detection Function................................68
10.6 Notes on Clock Generation Circuit............................................................70
10.6.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode.................................................................70
10.6.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function....................................................70
10.6.3 Oscillation Circuit Constants...............................................................70
10.6.4 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock ................................................70
11. Protection
12. Interrupts
71
72
12.1 Interrupt Overview.....................................................................................72
12.1.1 Types of Interrupts..............................................................................72
12.1.2 Software Interrupts .............................................................................73
12.1.3 Special Interrupts................................................................................74
12.1.4 Peripheral Function Interrupt..............................................................74
12.1.5 Interrupts and Interrupt Vectors..........................................................75
12.1.6 Interrupt Control..................................................................................77
12.2 INT Interrupt ..............................................................................................85
12.2.1 INT0 Interrupt .....................................................................................85
12.2.2 INT0 Input Filter..................................................................................86
12.2.3 INT1 Interrupt .....................................................................................87
12.2.4 INT3 Interrupt .....................................................................................88
12.3 Key Input Interrupt.....................................................................................90
12.4 Address Match Interrupt............................................................................92
A - 3
12.5 Notes on Interrupts....................................................................................94
12.5.1 Reading Address 00000h...................................................................94
12.5.2 SP Setting...........................................................................................94
12.5.3 External Interrupt and Key Input Interrupt ..........................................94
12.5.4 Watchdog Timer Interrupt...................................................................94
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources................................................................95
12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents ...................................96
13. Watchdog Timer
97
13.1 Count Source Protection Mode Disabled ................................................100
13.2 Count Source Protection Mode Enabled.................................................101
14. Timers
102
14.1 Timer X....................................................................................................103
14.1.1 Timer Mode ......................................................................................106
14.1.2 Pulse Output Mode...........................................................................107
14.1.3 Event Counter Mode.........................................................................109
14.1.4 Pulse Width Measurement Mode .....................................................110
14.1.5 Pulse Period Measurement Mode ....................................................113
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X..............................................................................116
14.2 Timer Z....................................................................................................117
14.2.1 Timer Mode ......................................................................................122
14.2.2 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode....................................124
14.2.3 Programmable One-shot Generation Mode .....................................127
14.2.4 Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode.............................130
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z..............................................................................134
14.3 Timer C....................................................................................................135
14.3.1 Input Capture Mode..........................................................................141
14.3.2 Output Compare Mode.....................................................................143
14.3.3 Notes on Timer C .............................................................................145
15. Serial Interface
146
15.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode .......................................................152
15.1.1 Polarity Select Function....................................................................155
15.1.2 LSB First/MSB First Select Function ................................................155
15.1.3 Continuous Receive Mode ...............................................................156
A - 4
15.2 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode ........................................157
15.2.1 CNTR0 Pin Select Function..............................................................160
15.2.2 Bit Rate.............................................................................................161
15.3 Notes on Serial Interface.........................................................................162
16. Comparator
163
16.1 One-Shot Mode.......................................................................................167
16.2 Repeat Mode...........................................................................................169
16.3 Notes on Comparator..............................................................................171
17. Flash Memory Version
172
17.1 Overview .................................................................................................172
17.2 Memory Map ...........................................................................................174
17.3 Functions to Prevent Rewriting of Flash Memory....................................176
17.3.1 ID Code Check Function ..................................................................176
17.3.2 ROM Code Protect Function ............................................................177
17.4 CPU Rewrite Mode..................................................................................178
17.4.1 EW0 Mode........................................................................................179
17.4.2 EW1 Mode........................................................................................179
17.4.3 Software Commands........................................................................188
17.4.4 Status Register.................................................................................192
17.4.5 Full Status Check .............................................................................193
17.5 Standard Serial I/O Mode........................................................................195
17.5.1 ID Code Check Function ..................................................................195
17.6 Parallel I/O Mode.....................................................................................199
17.6.1 ROM Code Protect Function ............................................................199
17.7 Notes on Flash Memory Version.............................................................200
17.7.1 CPU Rewrite Mode...........................................................................200
18. Electrical Characteristics
19. Usage Notes
202
217
19.1 Notes on Clock Generation Circuit..........................................................217
19.1.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode...............................................................217
19.1.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function..................................................217
19.1.3 Oscillation Circuit Constants.............................................................217
19.1.4 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock ..............................................217
A - 5
19.2 Notes on Interrupts..................................................................................218
19.2.1 Reading Address 00000h.................................................................218
19.2.2 SP Setting.........................................................................................218
19.2.3 External Interrupt and Key Input Interrupt ........................................218
19.2.4 Watchdog Timer Interrupt.................................................................218
19.2.5 Changing Interrupt Sources..............................................................219
19.2.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents .................................220
19.3 Notes on Timers......................................................................................221
19.3.1 Notes on Timer X..............................................................................221
19.3.2 Notes on Timer Z..............................................................................222
19.3.3 Notes on Timer C .............................................................................222
19.4 Notes on Serial Interface.........................................................................223
19.5 Notes on Comparator..............................................................................224
19.6 Notes on Flash Memory Version.............................................................225
19.6.1 CPU Rewrite Mode...........................................................................225
19.7 Notes on Noise........................................................................................227
19.7.1 Inserting a Bypass Capacitor between VCC and VSS Pins as
a Countermeasure against Noise and Latch-Up ..............................227
19.7.2 Countermeasures against Noise Error of Port Control Registers.....227
20. Notes on On-chip Debugger
Appendix 1. Package Dimensions
228
229
Appendix 2. Connection Examples between Serial Writer and
On-Chip Debugging Emulator
231
232
233
Appendix 3. Example of Oscillation Evaluation Circuit
Register Index
A - 6
SFR Page Reference
Address
0000h
0001h
0002h
0003h
0004h
0005h
0006h
0007h
0008h
0009h
000Ah
000Bh
000Ch
000Dh
000Eh
000Fh
0010h
0011h
0012h
0013h
0014h
0015h
0016h
0017h
0018h
0019h
001Ah
001Bh
001Ch
001Dh
001Eh
Register
Symbol
Page
Address
0040h
0041h
0042h
0043h
0044h
0045h
0046h
0047h
0048h
0049h
004Ah
004Bh
004Ch
004Dh
004Eh
004Fh
0050h
0051h
0052h
0053h
0054h
0055h
0056h
0057h
0058h
0059h
Register
Symbol
Page
Processor Mode Register 0
Processor Mode Register 1
System Clock Control Register 0
System Clock Control Register 1
PM0
51
51
55
56
PM1
CM0
CM1
Address Match Interrupt Enable Register
Protect Register
AIER
PRCR
93
71
Oscillation Stop Detection Register
Watchdog Timer Reset Register
Watchdog Timer Start Register
Watchdog Timer Control Register
Address Match Interrupt Register 0
OCD
57
99
99
98
93
WDTR
WDTS
WDC
Key Input Interrupt Control Register
Comparator Conversion Interrupt Control Register ADIC
KUPIC
77
77
RMAD0
Compare 1 Interrupt Control Register
CMP1IC
77
77
77
77
77
UART0 Transmit Interrupt Control Register
UART0 Receive Interrupt Control Register
UART1 Transmit Interrupt Control Register
UART1 Receive Interrupt Control Register
S0TIC
S0RIC
S1TIC
S1RIC
Address Match Interrupt Register 1
RMAD1
93
Timer X Interrupt Control Register
TXIC
77
Timer Z Interrupt Control Register
INT1 Interrupt Control Register
TZIC
INT1IC
77
77
005Ah
INT3IC
77
INT3 Interrupt Control Register
Timer C Interrupt Control Register
Compare 0 Interrupt Control Register
005Bh
005Ch
005Dh
TCIC
CMP0IC
INT0IC
77
77
78
Count Source Protection Mode Register
INT0 Input Filter Select Register
CSPR
INT0F
99
85
INT0 Interrupt Control Register
005Eh
005Fh
0060h
0061h
0062h
0063h
0064h
0065h
0066h
0067h
0068h
0069h
006Ah
006Bh
006Ch
006Dh
006Eh
006Fh
0070h
0071h
0072h
0073h
0074h
0075h
0076h
0077h
0078h
0079h
007Ah
007Bh
007Ch
007Dh
007Eh
007Fh
001Fh
0020h
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control
Register 0
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control
Register 1
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control
Register 2
HRA0
HRA1
HRA2
58
59
59
0021h
0022h
0023h
0024h
0025h
0026h
0027h
0028h
0029h
002Ah
002Bh
002Ch
002Dh
002Eh
002Fh
0030h
0031h
0032h
0033h
0034h
0035h
0036h
0037h
0038h
0039h
003Ah
003Bh
003Ch
003Dh
003Eh
003Fh
Voltage Detection Register 1
Voltage Detection Register 2
VCA1
VCA2
43
43
Voltage Monitor 1 Circuit Control Register
Voltage Monitor 2 Circuit Control Register
VW1C
VW2C
44
45
NOTE:
1. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations
in these regions.
B - 1
Address Register
Timer Z Mode Register
Symbol
TZMR
Page
118
Address Register
A/D Register
Symbol
AD
Page
166
0080h
0081h
0082h
0083h
0084h
0085h
0086h
0087h
0088h
0089h
008Ah
008Bh
008Ch
008Dh
008Eh
008Fh
0090h
0091h
0092h
0093h
0094h
0095h
0096h
0097h
0098h
0099h
009Ah
009Bh
009Ch
009Dh
009Eh
009Fh
00A0h
00A1h
00A2h
00A3h
00A4h
00A5h
00A6h
00A7h
00A8h
00A9h
00AAh
00ABh
00ACh
00ADh
00AEh
00AFh
00B0h
00B1h
00B2h
00B3h
00B4h
00B5h
00B6h
00B7h
00B8h
00B9h
00BAh
00BBh
00BCh
00BDh
00BEh
00BFh
00C0h
00C1h
00C2h
00C3h
00C4h
00C5h
00C6h
00C7h
00C8h
00C9h
00CAh
00CBh
00CCh
00CDh
00CEh
00CFh
00D0h
00D1h
00D2h
00D3h
00D4h
00D5h
00D6h
00D7h
00D8h
00D9h
00DAh
00DBh
00DCh
00DDh
00DEh
00DFh
00E0h
00E1h
00E2h
00E3h
00E4h
00E5h
00E6h
00E7h
00E8h
00E9h
00EAh
00EBh
00ECh
00EDh
00EEh
00EFh
00F0h
00F1h
00F2h
00F3h
00F4h
00F5h
00F6h
00F7h
00F8h
00F9h
00FAh
00FBh
00FCh
00FDh
00FEh
00FFh
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
Prescaler Z Register
Timer Z Secondary Register
Timer Z Primary Register
PUM
120
119
119
119
PREZ
TZSC
TZPR
Timer Z Output Control Register
Timer X Mode Register
Prescaler X Register
Timer X Register
Timer Count Source Set Register
TZOC
TXMR
PREX
TX
120
104
105
105
105,121
TCSS
Timer C Register
TC
137
A/D Control Register 2
ADCON2
166
External Input Enable Register
Key Input Enable Register
INTEN
KIEN
85
91
A/D Control Register 0
A/D Control Register 1
ADCON0
ADCON1
165
165
Timer C Control Register 0
Timer C Control Register 1
Capture, Compare 0 Register
TCC0
TCC1
TM0
138
139
137
Compare 1 Register
TM1
137
UART0 Transmit/Receive Mode Register
UART0 Bit Rate Register
UART0 Transmit Buffer Register
U0MR
U0BRG
U0TB
149
148
148
Port P1 Register
P1
33
33
33
Port P1 Direction Register
Port P3 Register
PD1
P3
UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 U0C0
UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U0C1
UART0 Receive Buffer Register
150
151
148
U0RB
Port P3 Direction Register
Port P4 Register
PD3
P4
33
33
UART1 Transmit/Receive Mode Register
UART1 Bit Rate Register
UART1 Transmit Buffer Register
U1MR
U1BRG
U1TB
149
148
148
Port P4 Direction Register
PD4
33
UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 U1C0
UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U1C1
UART1 Receive Buffer Register
150
151
148
U1RB
UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2
UCON
151
Pull-Up Control Register 0
Pull-Up Control Register 1
Port P1 Drive Capacity Control Register
Timer C Output Control Register
PUR0
PUR1
DRR
34
34
34
TCOUT
140
NOTE:
01B3h
01B4h
01B5h
01B6h
01B7h
Flash Memory Control Register 4
Flash Memory Control Register 1
Flash Memory Control Register 0
FMR4
FMR1
FMR0
OFS
184
183
1. The blank regions, 0100h to 01AFh, and 01C0h to 02FFh
are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
182
0FFFFh Optional Function Select Register
98,177
B - 2
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 16-BIT CMOS MCU
REJ09B0222-0130
Rev.1.30
Apr 14, 2006
1. Overview
These MCUs are fabricated using a high-performance silicon gate CMOS process, embedding the
R8C/Tiny Series CPU core, and is packaged in a 20-pin molded-plastic LSSOP, SDIP or a 28-pin plastic
molded-HWQFN. It implements sophisticated instructions for a high level of instruction efficiency. With 1
Mbyte of address space, they are capable of executing instructions at high speed.
Furthermore, the R8C/19 Group has on-chip data flash ROM (1 KB × 2 blocks).
The difference between the R8C/18 Group and R8C/19 Group is only the presence or absence of data
flash ROM. Their peripheral functions are the same.
1.1
Applications
Electric household appliances, office equipment, housing equipment (sensors, security systems), general
industrial equipment, audio equipment, etc.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 1 of 233
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1.Overview
1.2
Performance Overview
Table 1.1 outlines the Functions and Specifications for R8C/18 Group and Table 1.2 outlines the
Functions and Specifications for R8C/19 Group.
Table 1.1
Functions and Specifications for R8C/18 Group
Item
Specification
CPU
Number of fundamental
89 instructions
instructions
Minimum instruction execution 50 ns (f(XIN) = 20 MHz, VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V)
time
100 ns (f(XIN) = 10 MHz, VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V)
Single-chip
1 Mbyte
Operation mode
Address space
Memory capacity
Refer to Table 1.3 Product Information for R8C/18
Group
Peripheral
Functions
Ports
I/O ports: 13 pins (including LED drive port)
Input port: 3 pins
LED drive ports
Timers
I/O ports: 4 pins
Timer X: 8 bits × 1 channel, timer Z: 8 bits × 1 channel
(Each timer equipped with 8-bit prescaler)
Timer C: 16 bits × 1 channel
(Input capture and output compare circuits)
1 channel
Serial interfaces
Clock synchronous serial I/O, UART
1 channel
UART
Comparator
Watchdog timer
1-bit comparator: 1 circuit, 4 channels
15 bits × 1 channel (with prescaler)
Reset start selectable, count source protection mode
Internal: 10 sources, External: 4 sources, Software: 4
sources,
Interrupts
Priority levels: 7 levels
Clock generation circuits
2 circuits
• Main clock oscillation circuit (with on-chip feedback
resistor)
• On-chip oscillator (high speed, low speed)
High-speed on-chip oscillator has frequency
adjustment function
Oscillation stop detection
function
Main clock oscillation stop detection function
Voltage detection circuit
Power-on reset circuit
Supply voltage
On-chip
On-chip
Electric
Characteristics
VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V (f(XIN) = 20 MHz)
VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (f(XIN) = 10 MHz)
Typ. 9 mA (VCC = 5.0 V, f(XIN) = 20 MHz, comparator stopped)
Typ. 5 mA (VCC = 3.0V, f(XIN) = 10 MHz, comparator stopped)
Current consumption
Typ. 35
Typ. 0.7 µA (VCC = 3.0 V, stop mode)
Flash Memory Programming and erasure voltage VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V
µA (VCC = 3.0 V, wait mode, peripheral clock off)
Programming and erasure
100 times
endurance
Operating Ambient Temperature
-20 to 85°C
-40 to 85°C (D version)
20-pin molded-plastic LSSOP
20-pin molded-plastic SDIP
28-pin molded-plastic HWQFN
Package
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 2 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
Table 1.2
Functions and Specifications for R8C/19 Group
Item
Specification
CPU
Number of fundamental
89 instructions
instructions
Minimum instruction
execution time
Operation mode
Address space
Memory capacity
50 ns (f(XIN) = 20 MHz, VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V)
100 ns (f(XIN) = 10 MHz, VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V)
Single-chip
1 Mbyte
Refer to Table 1.4 Product Information for R8C/19
Group
Peripheral
Functions
Ports
I/O ports: 13 pins (including LED drive port)
Input port: 3 pins
LED drive ports
Timers
I/O ports: 4 pins
Timer X: 8 bits × 1 channel, timer Z: 8 bits × 1 channel
(Each timer equipped with 8-bit prescaler)
Timer C: 16 bits × 1 channel
(Input capture and output compare circuits)
1 channel
Serial interfaces
Clock synchronous serial I/O, UART
1 channel
UART
Comparator
Watchdog timer
1-bit comparator: 1 circuit, 4 channels
15 bits × 1 channel (with prescaler)
Reset start selectable, count source protection mode
Internal: 10 sources, External: 4 sources, Software: 4
sources,
Interrupts
Priority levels: 7 levels
Clock generation circuits
2 circuits
• Main clock generation circuit (with on-chip feedback
resistor)
• On-chip oscillator (high speed, low speed)
High-speed on-chip oscillator has frequency
adjustment function
Oscillation stop detection
function
Main clock oscillation stop detection function
Voltage detection circuit
Power-on reset circuit
Supply voltage
On-chip
On-chip
Electric
Characteristics
VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V (f(XIN) = 20 MHz)
VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (f(XIN) = 10 MHz)
Typ. 9 mA (VCC = 5.0 V, f(XIN) = 20 MHz, comparator stopped)
Typ. 5 mA (VCC = 3.0 V, f(XIN) = 10MHz, comparator stopped)
Typ. 35 µA (VCC = 3.0 V, wait mode, peripheral clock off)
Typ. 0.7 µA (VCC = 3.0 V, stop mode)
Current consumption
Flash Memory Programming and erasure voltage VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V
Programming and erasure
endurance
Operating Ambient Temperature
10,000 times (data flash)
1,000 times (program ROM)
-20 to 85°C
-40 to 85°C (D version)
20-pin molded-plastic LSSOP
20-pin molded-plastic SDIP
28-pin molded-plastic HWQFN
Package
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 3 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
1.3
Block Diagram
Figure 1.1 shows a Block Diagram.
8
1
3
4
I/O ports
Port P1
Port P3
Port P4
Peripheral Functions
System clock generator
Comparator
(1 bit × 4 channels)
Timers
XIN-XOUT
High-speed on-chip
oscillator
Low-speed on-chip
oscillator
Timer X (8 bits)
Timer Z (8 bits)
Timer C (16 bits)
UART or
clock synchronous serial I/O
(8 bits × 1 channel)
UART
(8 bits × 1 channel)
Watchdog timer
(15 bits)
Memory
R8C/Tiny Series CPU core
ROM(1)
R0H
R1H
R0L
R1L
SB
USP
ISP
INTB
PC
FLG
R2
R3
RAM(2)
A0
A1
FB
Multiplier
NOTES:
1. ROM size varies with MCU type.
2. RAM size varies with MCU type.
Figure 1.1
Block Diagram
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 4 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
1.4
Product Information
Table 1.3 lists Product Information for R8C/18 Group and Table 1.4 lists Product Information for R8C/19
Group.
Table 1.3
Product Information for R8C/18 Group
ROM Capacity RAM Capacity Package Type
Current of Apr. 2006
Type No.
Remarks
R5F21181SP
4 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
4 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
4 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
384 bytes
512 bytes
768 bytes
1 Kbyte
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
PLSP0020JB-A
Flash memory version
R5F21182SP
R5F21183SP
R5F21184SP
R5F21181DSP (D)
R5F21182DSP (D)
R5F21183DSP (D)
R5F21184DSP (D)
R5F21181DD
R5F21182DD
R5F21183DD
R5F21184DD
R5F21182NP
384 bytes
512 bytes
768 bytes
1 Kbyte
D version
384 bytes
512 bytes
768 bytes
1 Kbyte
PRDP0020BA-A Flash memory version
PRDP0020BA-A
PRDP0020BA-A
PRDP0020BA-A
512 bytes
768 bytes
1 Kbyte
PWQN0028KA-B Flash memory version
PWQN0028KA-B
R5F21183NP
R5F21184NP
PWQN0028KA-B
(D): Under Development
Type No. R 5 F 21 18 4 D SP
Package type:
SP: PLSP0020JB-A
DD: PRDP0020BA-A
NP: PWQN0028KA-B
Classification
D: Operating ambient temperature -40°C to 85°C
No Symbol: Operating ambient temperature -20°C to 85°C
ROM capacity
2: 8 KB
3: 12 KB
4: 16 KB
R8C/18 Group
R8C/Tiny Series
Memory type
F: Flash memory
Renesas MCU
Renesas semiconductors
Figure 1.2
Type Number, Memory Size, and Package of R8C/18 Group
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 5 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
Table 1.4
Product Information for R8C/19 Group
Current of Apr. 2006
ROM Capacity
RAM
Capacity
Type No.
Package Type
Remarks
Program ROM Data flash
R5F21191SP
R5F21192SP
R5F21193SP
R5F21194SP
4 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
1 Kbyte × 2 384 bytes PLSP0020JB-A Flash memory version
1 Kbyte × 2 512 bytes PLSP0020JB-A
1 Kbyte × 2 768 bytes PLSP0020JB-A
1 Kbyte × 2 1 Kbyte
PLSP0020JB-A
R5F21191DSP (D) 4 Kbytes
R5F21192DSP (D) 8 Kbytes
R5F21193DSP (D) 12 Kbytes
R5F21194DSP (D) 16 Kbytes
1 Kbyte × 2 384 bytes PLSP0020JB-A D version
1 Kbyte × 2 512 bytes PLSP0020JB-A
1 Kbyte × 2 768 bytes PLSP0020JB-A
1 Kbyte × 2 1 Kbyte
PLSP0020JB-A
R5F21191DD
R5F21192DD
R5F21193DD
R5F21194DD
R5F21192NP
R5F21193NP
R5F21194NP
4 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
1 Kbyte × 2 384 bytes PRDP0020BA-A Flash memory version
1 Kbyte × 2 512 bytes PRDP0020BA-A
1 Kbyte × 2 768 bytes PRDP0020BA-A
1 Kbyte × 2 1 Kbyte
PRDP0020BA-A
1 Kbyte × 2 512 bytes PWQN0028KA-B Flash memory version
1 Kbyte × 2 768 bytes PWQN0028KA-B
1 Kbyte × 2 1 Kbyte
PWQN0028KA-B
(D): Under Development
Type No. R 5 F 21 19 4 D SP
Package type:
SP: PLSP0020JB-A
DD: PRDP0020BA-A
NP: PWQN0028KA-B
Classification
D: Operating ambient temperature -40°C to 85°C
No Symbol: Operating ambient temperature -20°C to 85°C
ROM capacity
2: 8 KB
3: 12 KB
4: 16 KB
R8C/19 Group
R8C/Tiny Series
Memory type
F: Flash memory
Renesas MCU
Renesas semiconductors
Figure 1.3
Type Number, Memory Size, and Package of R8C/19 Group
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 6 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
1.5
Pin Assignments
Figure 1.4 shows Pin Assignments for PLSP0020JB-A Package (Top View), Figure 1.5 shows Pin
Assignments for PRDP0020BA-A Package (Top View) and Figure 1.6 shows Pin Assignments for
PWQN0028KA-B Package (Top View).
PIN assignments (top view)
P3_5/CMP1_2
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
P3_4/CMP1_1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
P3_3/TCIN/INT3/CMP1_0
P1_0/KI0/AN8/CMP0_0
P1_1/KI1/AN9/CMP0_1
P4_2/VREF
P3_7/CNTR0/TXD1
RESET
XOUT/P4_7(1)
VSS/AVSS
P1_2/KI2/AN10/CMP0_2
P1_3/KI3/AN11/TZOUT
P1_4/TXD0
XIN/P4_6
VCC/AVCC
MODE
P4_5/INT0/RXD1
P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11
P1_6/CLK0
P1_7/CNTR00/INT10
NOTE:
1. P4_7 is an input-only port.
Package: PLSP0020JB-A(20P2F-A)
Figure 1.4
Pin Assignments for PLSP0020JB-A Package (Top View)
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 7 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
PIN assignments (top view)
P3_5/CMP1_2
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
P3_4/CMP1_1
1
P3_3/TCIN/INT3/CMP1_0
P1_0/KI0/AN8/CMP0_0
P1_1/KI1/AN9/CMP0_1
P4_2/VREF
2
P3_7/CNTR0/TXD1
RESET
3
XOUT/P4_7(1)
VSS/AVSS
4
5
P1_2/KI2/AN10/CMP0_2
P1_3/KI3/AN11/TZOUT
P1_4/TXD0
6
XIN/P4_6
7
VCC/AVCC
8
MODE
P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11
P1_6/CLK0
P4_5/INT0/RXD1
9
10
P1_7/CNTR00/INT10
NOTE:
1. P4_7 is an input-only port.
Package: PRDP0020BA-A(20P4B)
Pin Assignments for PRDP0020BA-A Package (Top View)
Figure 1.5
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 8 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
PIN Assignment (top view)
21 20 19 18 17 16 15
P1_1/AN9/KI1/CMP0_1
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
14
13
12
11
10
9
P1_4/TXD0
P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11
P1_6/CLK0
P1_0/AN8/KI0/CMP0_0
P3_3/TCIN/INT3/CMP1_0
P3_4/CMP1_1
R8C/18 Group
R8C/19 Group
P1_7/CNTR00/INT10
P4_5/INT0/RXD1
MODE
P3_5/CMP1_2
P3_7/CNTR0/TXD1
RESET
8
VCC/AVCC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NOTES:
1. P4_7 is a port for the input.
Package: PWQN0028KA-B(28PJW-B)
Figure 1.6
Pin Assignments for PWQN0028KA-B Package (Top View)
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 9 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
1.6
Pin Functions
Table 1.5 lists Pin Functions, Table 1.6 lists Pin Name Information by Pin Number of PLSP0020JB-A,
PRDP0020BA-A packages, and Table 1.7 lists Pin Name Information by Pin Number of PWQN0028KA-
B package.
Table 1.5
Type
Pin Functions
Symbol
I/O Type
I
Description
Power supply input VCC
VSS
Apply 2.7 V to 5.5 V to the VCC pin. Apply 0 V to
the VSS pin.
Analog power
supply input
AVCC, AVSS
I
Power supply for the comparator
Connect a capacitor between AVCC and AVSS.
Reset input
MODE
RESET
MODE
XIN
I
I
I
Input “L” on this pin resets the MCU.
Connect this pin to VCC via a resistor.
Main clock input
These pins are provided for main clock generation
circuit I/O. Connect a ceramic resonator or a
crystal oscillator between the XIN and XOUT pins.
To use an external clock, input it to the XIN pin
and leave the XOUT pin open.
Main clock output
INT interrupt
XOUT
O
INT0, INT1, INT3
I
I
INT interrupt input pins
Key input interrupt input pins
Timer X I/O pin
Key input interrupt KI0 to KI3
Timer X
CNTR0
CNTR0
TZOUT
TCIN
I/O
O
O
I
Timer X output pin
Timer Z output pin
Timer C input pin
Timer Z
Timer C
CMP0_0 to CMP0_2,
CMP1_0 to CMP1_2
O
Timer C output pins
Serial interface
CLK0
I/O
Transfer clock I/O pin
RXD0, RXD1
TXD0, TXD1
I
O
I
Serial data input pins
Serial data output pins
Reference voltage VREF
input
Reference voltage input pin to comparator
Comparator
I/O port
AN8 to AN11
I
Analog input pins to comparator
P1_0 to P1_7, P3_3
to P3_5, P3_7, P4_5
I/O
CMOS I/O ports. Each port has an I/O select
direction register, allowing each pin in the port to
be directed for input or output individually.
Any port set to input can be set to use a pull-up
resistor or not by a program.
P1_0 to P1_3 also function as LED drive ports.
Input port
I: Input
P4_2, P4_6, P4_7
I
Input-only ports
O: Output
I/O: Input and output
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 10 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
Table 1.6
Pin Name Information by Pin Number of PLSP0020JB-A, PRDP0020BA-A packages
I/O Pin Functions for Peripheral Modules
Pin
Number
Control
Pin
Port
Interrupt
Timer
Serial Interface
Comparator
1
2
P3_5
P3_7
CMP1_2
TXD1
CNTR0
3
RESET
XOUT
4
5
6
7
8
9
P4_7
P4_6
VSS/AVSS
XIN
VCC/AVCC
MODE
P4_5
P1_7
RXD1
INT0
10
CNTR00
CNTR01
INT10
11
12
P1_6
P1_5
CLK0
RXD0
INT11
13
14
P1_4
P1_3
TXD0
TZOUT
AN11
AN10
KI3
KI2
15
P1_2
CMP0_2
16
17
VREF
P4_2
P1_1
CMP0_1
CMP0_0
AN9
AN8
KI1
KI0
18
19
20
P1_0
P3_3
P3_4
TCIN/CMP1_0
CMP1_1
INT3
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 11 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
1.Overview
Table 1.7
Pin Name Information by Pin Number of PWQN0028KA-B package
I/O Pin of Peripheral Function
Pin
Number
Control
Pin
Port
Interrupt
Timer
Serial Interface
Comparator
1
2
NC
XOUT
P4_7
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
VSS/AVSS
NC
NC
XIN
P4_6
NC
VCC/AVCC
MODE
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
P4_5
P1_7
P1_6
P1_5
P1_4
RXD1
INT0
CNTR00
CNTR01
INT10
CLK0
RXD0
TXD0
INT11
NC
NC
P1_3
P1_2
TZOUT
AN11
AN10
KI3
KI2
CMP0_2
19
20
21
22
NC
VREF
NC
P4_2
P1_1
P1_0
CMP0_1
CMP0_0
AN9
AN8
KI1
KI0
23
24
25
26
27
P3_3
P3_4
P3_5
P3_7
TCIN/CMP1_0
CMP1_1
INT3
CMP1_2
TXD1
CNTR0
28
RESET
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 12 of 233
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2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Figure 2.1 shows the CPU Registers. The CPU contains 13 registers. R0, R1, R2, R3, A0, A1, and FB
configure a register bank. There are two sets of register bank.
b31
b15
b8b7
b0
R0H (high-order of R0) R0L (low-order of R0)
R1H (high-order of R1) R1L (low-order of R1)
R2
R2
R3
Data registers (1)
R3
A0
Address registers (1)
A1
FB
Frame base register (1)
b19
b15
b0
Interrupt table register
Program counter
INTBH
INTBL
The 4-high order bits of INTB are INTBH and
the 16-low bits of INTB are INTBL.
b19
b0
PC
b15
b0
User stack pointer
Interrupt stack pointer
Static base register
USP
ISP
SB
b15
b0
b0
Flag register
FLG
b15
b8
b7
IPL
U I O B S Z D C
Carry flag
Debug flag
Zero flag
Sign flag
Register bank select flag
Overflow flag
Interrupt enable flag
Stack pointer select flag
Reserved bit
Processor interrupt priority level
Reserved bit
NOTE:
1. These registers comprise a register bank. There are two register banks.
Figure 2.1
CPU Registers
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 13 of 233
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2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
2.1
Data Registers (R0, R1, R2, and R3)
R0 is a 16-bit register for transfer, arithmetic, and logic operations. The same applies to R1 to R3. R0
can be split into high-order bits (R0H) and low-order bits (R0L) to be used separately as 8-bit data
registers. R1H and R1L are analogous to R0H and R0L. R2 can be combined with R0 and used as a
32-bit data register (R2R0). R3R1 is analogous to R2R0.
2.2
Address Registers (A0 and A1)
A0 is a 16-bit register for address register indirect addressing and address register relative addressing.
It is also used for transfer, arithmetic and logic operations. A1 is analogous to A0. A1 can be combined
with A0 and used as a 32-bit address register (A1A0).
2.3
Frame Base Register (FB)
FB is a 16-bit register for FB relative addressing.
2.4
Interrupt Table Register (INTB)
INTB is a 20-bit register that indicates the start address of an interrupt vector table.
2.5
Program Counter (PC)
PC is 20 bits wide, indicates the address of the next instruction to be executed.
2.6
User Stack Pointer (USP) and Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP)
The stack pointer (SP), USP, and ISP, are each 16 bits wide. The U flag of FLG is used to switch
between USP and ISP.
2.7
Static Base Register (SB)
SB is a 16-bit register for SB relative addressing.
2.8
Flag Register (FLG)
FLG is an 11-bit register indicating the CPU state.
2.8.1
Carry Flag (C)
The C flag retains a carry, borrow, or shift-out bits that have been generated by the arithmetic and logic
unit.
2.8.2
Debug Flag (D)
The D flag is for debugging only. Set it to 0.
2.8.3
Zero Flag (Z)
The Z flag is set to 1 when an arithmetic operation results in 0; otherwise to 0.
2.8.4
Sign Flag (S)
The S flag is set to 1 when an arithmetic operation results in a negative value; otherwise to 0.
2.8.5
Register Bank Select Flag (B)
Register bank 0 is selected when the B flag is 0. Register bank 1 is selected when this flag is set to 1.
2.8.6
Overflow Flag (O)
The O flag is set to 1 when the operation results in an overflow; otherwise to 0.
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2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
2.8.7
Interrupt Enable Flag (I)
The I flag enables maskable interrupts.
Interrupts are disabled when the I flag is set to 0, and are enabled when the I flag is set to 1. The I flag is
set to 0 when an interrupt request is acknowledged.
2.8.8
Stack Pointer Select Flag (U)
ISP is selected when the U flag is set to 0; USP is selected when the U flag is set to 1.
The U flag is set to 0 when a hardware interrupt request is acknowledged or the INT instruction of
software interrupt numbers 0 to 31 is executed.
2.8.9
Processor Interrupt Priority Level (IPL)
IPL is 3 bits wide, assigns processor interrupt priority levels from level 0 to level 7.
If a requested interrupt has higher priority than IPL, the interrupt is enabled.
2.8.10 Reserved Bit
If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined.
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3.Memory
3. Memory
3.1
R8C/18 Group
Figure 3.1 is a Memory Map of R8C/18 Group. The R8C/18 Group has 1 Mbyte of address space from
addresses 00000h to FFFFFh.
The internal ROM area is allocated lower addresses, beginning with address 0FFFFh. For example, a
16-Kbyte internal ROM is allocated addresses 0C000h to 0FFFFh.
The fixed interrupt vector table is allocated addresses 0FFDCh to 0FFFFh. They store the starting
address of each interrupt routine.
The internal RAM is allocated higher addresses, beginning with address 00400h. For example, a 1-
Kbyte internal RAM area is allocated addresses 00400h to 007FFh. The internal RAM is used not only
for storing data but also for calling subroutines and as stacks when interrupt requests are
acknowledged.
Special function registers (SFRs) are allocated addresses 00000h to 002FFh. The peripheral function
control registers are allocated here. All addresses within the SFR, which have nothing allocated are
reserved for future use and cannot be accessed by users.
00000h
SFR
(See 4. Special Function
Registers (SFRs))
002FFh
00400h
Internal RAM
0XXXXh
0FFDCh
Undefined instruction
Overflow
BRK instruction
Address match
Single step
Watchdog timer • oscillation stop detection • voltage monitor 2
0YYYYh
Address break
(Reserved)
Reset
Internal ROM
0FFFFh
0FFFFh
FFFFFh
Expanded area
NOTE:
1. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
Internal ROM
Part Number
Internal RAM
Size
Address 0YYYYh
0C000h
Size
Address 0XXXXh
007FFh
R5F21184SP, R5F21184DSP, R5F21184DD, R5F21184NP
R5F21183SP, R5F21183DSP, R5F21183DD, R5F21183NP
R5F21182SP, R5F21182DSP, R5F21182DD, R5F21182NP
R5F21181SP, R5F21181DSP, R5F21181DD
16 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
4 Kbytes
1 Kbyte
768 bytes
512 bytes
384 bytes
0D000h
006FFh
0E000h
005FFh
0F000h
0057Fh
Figure 3.1
Memory Map of R8C/18 Group
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3.Memory
3.2
R8C/19 Group
Figure 3.2 is a Memory Map of R8C/19 Group. The R8C/19 group has 1 Mbyte of address space from
addresses 00000h to FFFFFh.
The internal ROM (program ROM) is allocated lower addresses, beginning with address 0FFFFh. For
example, a 16-Kbyte internal ROM area is allocated addresses 0C000h to 0FFFFh.
The fixed interrupt vector table is allocated addresses 0FFDCh to 0FFFFh. They store the starting
address of each interrupt routine.
The internal ROM (data flash) is allocated addresses 02400h to 02BFFh.
The internal RAM is allocated higher addresses, beginning with address 00400h. For example, a 1-
Kbyte internal RAM area is allocated addresses 00400h to 007FFh. The internal RAM is used not only
for storing data but also for calling subroutines and as stacks when interrupt requests are
acknowledged.
Special function registers (SFRs) are allocated addresses 00000h to 002FFh. The peripheral function
control registers are allocated here. All addresses within the SFR, which have nothing allocated are
reserved for future use and cannot be accessed by users.
00000h
SFR
(See 4. Special Function
Registers (SFRs))
002FFh
00400h
Internal RAM
0XXXXh
02400h
Internal ROM
0FFDCh
(data flash)(1)
Undefined instruction
02BFFh
Overflow
BRK instruction
Address match
Single step
Watchdog timer • oscillation stop detection • voltage monitor 2
0YYYYh
0FFFFh
Address break
(Reserved)
Reset
Internal ROM
(program ROM)
0FFFFh
Expanded area
FFFFFh
NOTES:
1. Data flash block A (1 Kbyte) and B (1 Kbyte) are shown.
2. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
Internal ROM
Part Number
Internal RAM
Size
Address 0YYYYh
0C000h
Size
Address 0XXXXh
007FFh
R5F21194SP, R5F21194DSP, R5F21194DD, R5F21194NP
R5F21193SP, R5F21193DSP, R5F21193DD, R5F21193NP
R5F21192SP, R5F21192DSP, R5F21192DD, R5F21192NP
R5F21191SP, R5F21191DSP, R5F21191DD
16 Kbytes
12 Kbytes
8 Kbytes
4 Kbytes
1 Kbyte
768 bytes
512 bytes
384 bytes
0D000h
006FFh
0E000h
005FFh
0F000h
0057Fh
Figure 3.2
Memory Map of R8C/19 Group
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4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
An SFR (special function register) is a control register for a peripheral function. Tables 4.1 to 4.4 list the
special function registers.
(1)
Table 4.1
SFR Information (1)
Address
0000h
0001h
0002h
0003h
0004h
0005h
0006h
0007h
0008h
0009h
000Ah
000Bh
000Ch
000Dh
000Eh
000Fh
0010h
0011h
0012h
0013h
0014h
0015h
0016h
0017h
0018h
0019h
001Ah
001Bh
001Ch
001Dh
001Eh
Register
Symbol
After reset
Processor Mode Register 0
Processor Mode Register 1
System Clock Control Register 0
System Clock Control Register 1
PM0
PM1
CM0
CM1
00h
00h
01101000b
00100000b
Address Match Interrupt Enable Register
Protect Register
AIER
PRCR
00h
00h
Oscillation Stop Detection Register
Watchdog Timer Reset Register
Watchdog Timer Start Register
Watchdog Timer Control Register
Address Match Interrupt Register 0
OCD
00000100b
XXh
WDTR
WDTS
WDC
XXh
00011111b
00h
RMAD0
00h
X0h
Address Match Interrupt Register 1
RMAD1
00h
00h
X0h
Count Source Protection Mode Register
INT0 Input Filter Select Register
CSPR
INT0F
00h
00h
001Fh
0020h
0021h
0022h
0023h
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 0
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 1
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 2
HRA0
HRA1
HRA2
00h
When shipping
00h
002Ah
002Bh
002Ch
002Dh
002Eh
002Fh
0030h
0031h
0032h
(2)
VCA1
VCA2
00001000b
Voltage Detection Register 1
(2)
(3)
Voltage Detection Register 2
00h
(4)
01000000b
0033h
0034h
0035h
0036h
(2)
(3)
VW1C
VW2C
Voltage Monitor 1 Circuit Control Register
0000X000b
(4)
0100X001b
00h
(5)
0037h
0038h
0039h
003Ah
003Bh
003Ch
003Dh
003Eh
003Fh
Voltage Monitor 2 Circuit Control Register
X: Undefined
NOTES:
1. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
2. Software reset, watchdog timer reset, and voltage monitor 2 reset do not affect this register.
3. After hardware reset.
4. After power-on reset or voltage monitor 1 reset.
5. Software reset, watchdog timer reset, and voltage monitor 2 reset do not affect b2 and b3.
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4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
(1)
Table 4.2
SFR Information (2)
Address
0040h
0041h
0042h
0043h
0044h
0045h
0046h
0047h
0048h
0049h
004Ah
004Bh
004Ch
004Dh
004Eh
004Fh
0050h
0051h
0052h
0053h
0054h
0055h
0056h
0057h
0058h
0059h
Register
Symbol
After reset
Key Input Interrupt Control Register
KUPIC
ADIC
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
Comparator Conversion Interrupt Control Register
Compare 1 Interrupt Control Register
CMP1IC
S0TIC
S0RIC
S1TIC
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
UART0 Transmit Interrupt Control Register
UART0 Receive Interrupt Control Register
UART1 Transmit Interrupt Control Register
UART1 Receive Interrupt Control Register
S1RIC
Timer X Interrupt Control Register
TXIC
XXXXX000b
Timer Z Interrupt Control Register
INT1 Interrupt Control Register
TZIC
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
INT1IC
005Ah
INT3IC
XXXXX000b
INT3 Interrupt Control Register
005Bh
005Ch
005Dh
Timer C Interrupt Control Register
Compare 0 Interrupt Control Register
TCIC
CMP0IC
INT0IC
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XX00X000b
INT0 Interrupt Control Register
005Eh
005Fh
0060h
0061h
0062h
0063h
0064h
0065h
0066h
0067h
0068h
0069h
006Ah
006Bh
006Ch
006Dh
006Eh
006Fh
0070h
0071h
0072h
0073h
0074h
0075h
0076h
0077h
0078h
0079h
007Ah
007Bh
007Ch
007Dh
007Eh
007Fh
X: Undefined
NOTE:
1. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
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4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
(1)
Table 4.3
SFR Information (3)
Address
0080h
0081h
0082h
0083h
0084h
0085h
0086h
0087h
0088h
0089h
008Ah
008Bh
008Ch
008Dh
008Eh
008Fh
0090h
0091h
0092h
0093h
0094h
0095h
0096h
0097h
0098h
0099h
009Ah
009Bh
009Ch
009Dh
009Eh
009Fh
00A0h
00A1h
00A2h
00A3h
00A4h
00A5h
00A6h
00A7h
00A8h
00A9h
00AAh
00ABh
00ACh
00ADh
00AEh
00AFh
00B0h
00B1h
00B2h
00B3h
00B4h
00B5h
00B6h
00B7h
00B8h
00B9h
00BAh
00BBh
00BCh
00BDh
00BEh
00BFh
Register
Symbol
After reset
Timer Z Mode Register
TZMR
00h
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
Prescaler Z Register
PUM
00h
FFh
FFh
FFh
PREZ
TZSC
TZPR
Timer Z Secondary Register
Timer Z Primary Register
Timer Z Output Control Register
Timer X Mode Register
Prescaler X Register
Timer X Register
Timer Count Source Setting Register
TZOC
TXMR
PREX
TX
00h
00h
FFh
FFh
00h
TCSS
Timer C Register
TC
00h
00h
External Input Enable Register
Key Input Enable Register
INTEN
KIEN
00h
00h
Timer C Control Register 0
Timer C Control Register 1
Capture, Compare 0 Register
TCC0
TCC1
TM0
00h
00h
00h
(2)
00h
FFh
FFh
00h
XXh
XXh
XXh
Compare 1 Register
TM1
UART0 Transmit/Receive Mode Register
UART0 Bit Rate Register
U0MR
U0BRG
U0TB
UART0 Transmit Buffer Register
UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0
UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1
UART0 Receive Buffer Register
U0C0
U0C1
U0RB
00001000b
00000010b
XXh
XXh
00h
XXh
XXh
UART1 Transmit/Receive Mode Register
UART1 Bit Rate Register
U1MR
U1BRG
U1TB
UART1 Transmit Buffer Register
XXh
UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0
UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1
UART1 Receive Buffer Register
U1C0
U1C1
U1RB
00001000b
00000010b
XXh
XXh
00h
UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2
UCON
X: Undefined
NOTES:
1. The blank regions are reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
2. When the output compare mode is selected (the TCC13 bit in the TCC1 register = 1), the value is set to FFFF16.
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4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
(1)
Table 4.4
SFR Information (4)
Address
00C0h
00C1h
00C2h
00C3h
00C4h
00C5h
00C6h
00C7h
00C8h
00C9h
00CAh
00CBh
00CCh
00CDh
00CEh
00CFh
00D0h
00D1h
00D2h
00D3h
00D4h
00D5h
00D6h
00D7h
00D8h
00D9h
00DAh
00DBh
00DCh
00DDh
00DEh
00DFh
00E0h
00E1h
00E2h
00E3h
00E4h
00E5h
00E6h
00E7h
00E8h
00E9h
00EAh
00EBh
00ECh
00EDh
00EEh
00EFh
00F0h
00F1h
00F2h
00F3h
00F4h
00F5h
00F6h
00F7h
00F8h
00F9h
00FAh
00FBh
00FCh
00FDh
00FEh
00FFh
Register
Symbol
After reset
A/D Register
AD
XXh
A/D Control Register 2
ADCON2
00h
A/D Control Register 0
A/D Control Register 1
ADCON0
ADCON1
00000XXXb
00h
Port P1 Register
P1
XXh
00h
XXh
Port P1 Direction Register
Port P3 Register
PD1
P3
Port P3 Direction Register
Port P4 Register
PD3
P4
00h
XXh
Port P4 Direction Register
PD4
00h
Pull-Up Control Register 0
Pull-Up Control Register 1
PUR0
PUR1
DRR
00XX0000b
XXXXXX0Xb
00h
Port P1 Drive Capacity Control Register
Timer C Output Control Register
TCOUT
00h
01B3h
01B4h
01B5h
01B6h
01B7h
Flash Memory Control Register 4
Flash Memory Control Register 1
Flash Memory Control Register 0
Optional Function Select Register
FMR4
FMR1
FMR0
OFS
01000000b
1000000Xb
00000001b
(Note 2)
0FFFFh
X: Undefined
NOTES:
1. The blank regions, 0100h to 01B2h and 01B8h to 02FFh are all reserved. Do not access locations in these regions.
2. The OFS register cannot be changed by a program. Use a flash programmer to write to it.
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5.Resets
5. Resets
The following resets are implemented: hardware reset, power-on reset, voltage monitor 1 reset, voltage
monitor 2 reset, watchdog timer reset, and software reset. Table 5.1 lists the Reset Names and Sources.
Table 5.1
Reset Names and Sources
Reset Name
Source
Hardware reset
Input voltage of RESET pin is held “L”
VCC rises.
Power-on reset
Voltage monitor 1 reset
Voltage monitor 2 reset
Watchdog timer reset
Software reset
VCC falls (monitor voltage: Vdet1).
VCC falls (monitor voltage: Vdet2).
Underflow of watchdog timer
Write 1 to PM03 bit in PM0 register.
Hardware reset
RESET
VCC
SFRs
Bits VCA26,
VW1C0, and
VW1C6
Power-on reset
Power-on reset
circuit
Voltage monitor 1 reset
Voltage monitor 2 reset
SFRs
Bits VCA13, VCA27,
VW1C1, VW1C2,
VW1F0, VW1F1, VW1C7,
VW2C2, and VW2C3
Voltage
detection
circuit
Watchdog timer
reset
Watchdog
timer
Pin, CPU, and
SFR bits other than
those listed above
CPU
Software reset
VCA13: Bit in VCA1 register
VCA26, VCA27: Bits in VCA2 register
VW1C0 to VW1C2, VW1F0, VW1F1, VW1C6, VW1C7: Bits in VW1C register
VW2C2, VW2C3: Bits in VW2C register
Figure 5.1
Block Diagram of Reset Circuit
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 22 of 233
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5.Resets
Table 5.2 shows the Pin Functions after Reset, Figure 5.2 shows CPU Register Status after Reset and
Figure 5.3 shows Reset Sequence.
Table 5.2
Pin Functions after Reset
Pin Name
Pin Functions
P1
Input port
Input port
Input port
P3_3 to P3_5, P3_7
P4_2, P4_5 to P4_7
b15
b0
0000h
Data register (R0)
0000h
0000h
Data register (R1)
Data register (R2)
Data register (R3)
0000h
0000h
0000h
0000h
Address register (A0)
Address register (A1)
Frame base register (FB)
b19
b0
00000h
Content of addresses 0FFFEh to 0FFFCh
Interrupt table register (INTB)
Program counter (PC)
b15
b0
User stack pointer (USP)
Interrupt stack pointer (ISP)
Static base register (SB)
0000h
0000h
0000h
b15
b0
b0
Flag register (FLG)
0000h
b15
b8
b7
IPL
U I O B S Z D C
Figure 5.2
CPU Register Status after Reset
fRING-S
20 cycles or more needed(1)
Flash memory activation
Internal reset
signal
CPU clock × 28 cycles
(CPU clock × 11 cycles)
CPU clock
0FFFEh
0FFFCh
Address
(internal address
signal)
Content of reset vector
0FFFDh
NOTE:
1. Hardware reset
Figure 5.3
Reset Sequence
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5.Resets
5.1
Hardware Reset
A reset is applied using the RESET pin. When an “L” signal is applied to the RESET pin while the supply
voltage meets the recommended operating conditions, pins, CPU, and SFRs are reset (refer to Table
5.2 Pin Functions after Reset). When the input level applied to the RESET pin changes from “L” to “H”,
a program is executed beginning with the address indicated by the reset vector. After reset, the low-
speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 is automatically selected as the CPU clock.
Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for the state of the SFRs after reset.
The internal RAM is not reset. If the RESET pin is pulled “L” while writing to the internal RAM is in
progress, the contents of internal RAM will be undefined.
Figure 5.4 shows an Example of Hardware Reset Circuit and Operation and Figure 5.5 shows an
Example of Hardware Reset Circuit (Usage Example of External Supply Voltage Detection Circuit) and
Operation.
5.1.1
When Power Supply is Stable
(1) Apply “L” to the RESET pin.
(2) Wait for 500 µs (1/fRING-S × 20).
(3) Apply “H” to the RESET pin.
5.1.2
Power On
(1) Apply “L” to the RESET pin.
(2) Let the supply voltage increase until it meets the recommended operating condition.
(3) Wait for td(P-R) or more to allow the internal power supply to stabilize (refer to 18. Electrical
Characteristics).
(4) Wait for 500 µs (1/fRING-S × 20).
(5) Apply “H” to the RESET pin.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 24 of 233
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5.Resets
VCC
2.7 V
VCC
0V
RESET
RESET
0V
0.2 VCC or below
td(P-R) + 500 µs or more
NOTE:
1. Refer to 18. Electrical Characteristics.
Figure 5.4
Example of Hardware Reset Circuit and Operation
5 V
VCC
Power supply
voltage detection
circuit
2.7 V
RESET
VCC
0 V
5 V
RESET
0 V
td(P-R) + 500 µs or above
Example when
VCC = 5 V
NOTE:
1. Refer to 18. Electrical Characteristics.
Figure 5.5
Example of Hardware Reset Circuit (Usage Example of External Supply Voltage
Detection Circuit) and Operation
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 25 of 233
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5.Resets
5.2
Power-On Reset Function
When the RESET pin is connected to the VCC pin via a pull-up resistor of about 5 kΩ, and the VCC pin
voltage level rises, the power-on reset function is enabled and the MCU resets its pins, CPU, and SFR.
When a capacitor is connected to the RESET pin, always keep the voltage to the RESET pin 0.8VCC or
more.
When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet1 level or above, the low-speed on-chip
oscillator clock starts counting. When the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock count reaches 32, the
internal reset signal is held “H” and the MCU enters the reset sequence (refer to Figure 5.3). The low-
speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 is automatically selected as the CPU after reset.
Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for the status of the SFR after power-on reset.
The voltage monitor 1 reset is enabled after power-on reset.
Figure 5.6 shows an Example of Power-On Reset Circuit and Operation.
0.1 V to 2.7 V
VCC
0 V
VCC
About
5 kΩ
0.8 VCC or above
RESET
0 V
RESET
within td(P-R)
(3)
(3)
Vdet1
Vdet1
Vccmin
Vpor2
Vpor1
Sampling time(1, 2)
tw(Vpor1–Vdet1)
tw(por1)
tw(por2) tw(Vpor2–Vdet1)
Internal reset signal
(active “L”)
1
1
× 32
× 32
fRING-S
fRING-S
NOTES:
1. The supply voltage must be held within the MCU’s operating voltage range (Vccmin or above) over the sampling time.
2. A sampling clock can be selected. Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details.
3. Vdet1 indicates voltage detection level for the voltage detection 1 circuit. Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details.
4. Refer to 18. Electrical Characteristics.
Figure 5.6
Example of Power-On Reset Circuit and Operation
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5.Resets
5.3
Voltage Monitor 1 Reset
A reset is applied using the on-chip voltage detection 1 circuit. The voltage detection 1 circuit monitors
the input voltage to the VCC pin. The voltage to monitor is Vdet1.
When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet1 level or below, the pins, CPU, and SFR are
reset.
When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet1 level or above, the low-speed on-chip
oscillator clock starts counting. When the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock count reaches 32, the
internal reset signal is held “H” and the MCU enters the reset sequence (refer to Figure 5.3). The low-
speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 is automatically selected as the CPU after reset.
Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for the status of the SFR after voltage monitor 1 reset.
The internal RAM is not reset. When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet1 level or below
while writing to the internal RAM is in progress, the contents of internal RAM are undefined.
Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details of voltage monitor 1 reset.
5.4
Voltage Monitor 2 Reset
A reset is applied using the on-chip voltage detection 2 circuit. The voltage detection 2 circuit monitors
the input voltage to the VCC pin. The voltage to monitor is Vdet2.
When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet2 level or below, pins, CPU, and SFR are reset
and the program beginning with the address indicated by the reset vector is executed. After reset, the
low-speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 is automatically selected as the CPU clock.
The voltage monitor 2 does not reset some SFRs. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for
details.
The internal RAM is not reset. When the input voltage to the VCC pin reaches the Vdet2 level or below
while writing to the internal RAM is in progress, the contents of internal RAM are undefined.
Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details of voltage monitor 2 reset.
5.5
Watchdog Timer Reset
When the PM12 bit in the PM1 register is set to 1 (reset when watchdog timer underflows), the MCU
resets its pins, CPU, and SFR if the watchdog timer underflows. Then the program beginning with the
address indicated by the reset vector is executed. After reset, the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock
divided by 8 is automatically selected as the CPU clock.
The watchdog timer reset does not reset some SFRs. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs)
for details.
The internal RAM is not reset. When the watchdog timer underflows, the contents of internal RAM are
undefined.
Refer to 13. Watchdog Timer for details of watchdog timer.
5.6
Software Reset
When the PM03 bit in the PM0 register is set to 1 (MCU reset), the MCU resets its pins, CPU, and SFR.
The program beginning with the address indicated by the reset vector is executed. After reset, the low-
speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 is automatically selected for the CPU clock.
The software reset does not reset some SFRs. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for
details.
The internal RAM is not reset.
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
6. Programmable I/O Ports
There are 13 programmable Input/Output ports (I/O ports) P1, P3_3 to P3_5, P3_7, and P4_5. P4_2 can be
used as an input-only port. Also, P4_6 and P4_7 can be used as input-only ports if the main clock oscillation
circuit is not used. Table 6.1 lists an Overview of Programmable I/O Ports.
Table 6.1
Ports
Overview of Programmable I/O Ports
Internal Pull-Up
Resistor
Drive Capacity
Selection
I/O
I/O
Type of Output
CMOS3 State
I/O Setting
Set per bit
(1)
(2)
P1
Set every 4 bits
Set every bit of P1_0
to P1_3
(1)
P3_3, P4_5
I/O
I/O
I
CMOS3 State
Set per bit
Set per bit
None
None
Set every bit
(1)
P3_4, P3_5, P3_7
CMOS3 State
None
None
Set every 3 bits
(3)
(No output function)
None
P4_2, P4_6, P4_7
NOTES:
1. In input mode, whether an internal pull-up resistor is connected or not can be selected by registers PUR0 and
PUR1.
2. These ports can be used as the LED drive port by setting the DRR register to 1 (high).
3. When the main clock oscillation circuit is not used, P4_6 and P4_7 can be used as input-only ports.
6.1
Functions of Programmable I/O Ports
The PDi_j (j=0 to 7) bit in the PDi (i=1, 3, and 4) register controls I/O of ports P1, P3_3 to P3_5, P3_7,
and P4_5. The Pi register consists of a port latch to hold output data and a circuit to read pin states.
Figures 6.1 to 6.3 show the Configurations of Programmable I/O Ports.
Table 6.2 lists the Functions of Programmable I/O Ports. Also, Figure 6.5 shows Registers PD1, PD3,
and PD4. Figure 6.6 shows Registers P1, P3, and P4, Figure 6.7 shows Registers PUR0 and PUR1, and
Figure 6.8 shows the DRR Register.
Table 6.2
Functions of Programmable I/O Ports
Value of PDi_j Bit in PDi Register
(1)
Operation when
Accessing
Pi Register
When PDi_j Bit is Set to 0 (Input Mode)
When PDi_j Bit is Set to 1 (Output Mode)
Reading
Read pin input level
Write to the port latch
Read the port latch
Writing
Write to the port latch. The value written to the
port latch is output from the pin.
NOTE:
1. Nothing is assigned to bits PD3_0 to PD3_2, PD3_6, PD4_0 to PD4_4, PD4_6, and PD4_7.
6.2
Effect on Peripheral Functions
Programmable I/O ports function as I/O ports for peripheral functions (Refer to Table 1.6 Pin Name
Information by Pin Number of PLSP0020JB-A, PRDP0020BA-A packages). Table 6.3 lists the
Settings of PDi_j Bit when Functioning as I/O Ports for Peripheral Functions. Refer to the description of
each function for information on how to set peripheral functions.
Table 6.3
I/O of Peripheral Functions
Input
Output
Settings of PDi_j Bit when Functioning as I/O Ports for Peripheral Functions
PPDi_j Bit Settings for Shared Pin Functions
Set this bit to 0 (input mode).
This bit can be set to either 0 or 1 (output regardless of the port setting).
6.3
Pins Other than Programmable I/O Ports
Figure 6.4 shows the Configuration of I/O Pins.
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
P1_0 to P1_3
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
1
Output from individual peripheral function
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
Drive capacity selection
Input to individual peripheral function
Analog input
P1_4
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
1
Output from individual peripheral function
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
P1_5
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
Input to individual peripheral function
NOTE:
1.
symbolizes a parasitic diode.
Ensure the input voltage to each port will not exceed VCC.
Figure 6.1
Configuration of Programmable I/O Ports (1)
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P1_6, P1_7
6. Programmable I/O Ports
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
1
Output from individual peripheral function
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
Input to individual peripheral function
P3_3
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
1
Output from individual peripheral function
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
Digital
filter
Input to individual peripheral function
P3_4, P3_5, P3_7
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
1
Output from individual peripheral function
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 1)
Input to individual peripheral function
symbolizes a parasitic diode.
NOTE:
1.
Ensure the input voltage to each port will not exceed VCC.
Figure 6.2
Configuration of Programmable I/O Ports (2)
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
P4_2
Vref of comparator
Data bus
(Note 4)
P4_5
Pull-up selection
Direction
register
Data bus
Port latch
(Note 4)
Digital
filter
Input to individual peripheral function
P4_6/XIN
Data bus
(Note 4)
Clocked inverter(1)
(Note 2)
P4_7/XOUT
(Note 3)
Data bus
(Note 4)
NOTES:
1. When CM05 = 1, CM10 = 1, or CM13 = 0, the clocked inverter is cut off.
2. When CM10 = 1 or CM13 = 0, the feedback resistor is disconnected.
3. When CM05 = CM13 = 1 or CM10 = CM13 = 1, this pin is pulled up.
4.
symbolizes a parasitic diode.
Ensure the input voltage to each port does not exceed VCC.
Figure 6.3
Configuration of Programmable I/O Ports (3)
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
MODE
MODE signal input
(Note 1)
RESET
RESET signal input
(Note 1)
NOTES :
1.
symbolizes a parasitic diode.
Ensure the input voltage to each port does not exceed VCC.
Figure 6.4
Configuration of I/O Pins
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
Port Pi Direction Register (i = 1, 3, 4)(1, 2)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
PD1
Address
00E3h
After Reset
00h
00h
00E7h
PD3
00EAh
Bit Name
00h
PD4
Bit Symbol
Function
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
PDi_0
PDi_1
PDi_2
PDi_3
PDi_4
PDi_5
PDi_6
PDi_7
Port Pi0 direction bit
Port Pi1 direction bit
0 : Input mode
(functions as an input port)
1 : Output mode
Port Pi2 direction bit
Port Pi3 direction bit
Port Pi4 direction bit
Port Pi5 direction bit
Port Pi6 direction bit
Port Pi7 direction bit
(functions as an output port)
NOTES:
1. Bits PD3_0 to PD3_2, and PD3_6 in the PD3 register are unavailable on this MCU.
If it is necessary to set bits PD3_0 to PD3_2, and PD3_6, set to 0 (input mode). When read, the content is 0.
2. Bits PD4_0 to PD4_4, PD4_6, and PD4_7 in the PD4 register are unavailable on this MCU. If it is necessary to set bits
PD4_0 to PD4_4, PD4_6, and PD4_7, set to 0 (input mode). When read, the content is 0.
Figure 6.5
Registers PD1, PD3, and PD4
Port Pi Register (i = 1, 3, 4)(1, 2)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
P1
Address
00E1h
After Reset
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Function
00E5h
P3
00E8h
P4
Bit Symbol
Pi_0
Bit Name
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
Port Pi0 bit
Port Pi1 bit
Port Pi2 bit
Port Pi3 bit
Port Pi4 bit
Port Pi5 bit
Port Pi6 bit
Port Pi7 bit
The pin level of any I/O port w hich is set
to input mode can be read by reading the
corresponding bit in this register. The pin
level of any I/O port w hich is set to output
mode can be controlled by w riting to the
corresponding bit in this register.
0 : “L” level
Pi_1
Pi_2
Pi_3
Pi_4
Pi_5
Pi_6
1 : “H” level(1)
Pi_7
NOTES:
1. Bits P3_0 to P3_2, and P3_6 in the P3 register are unavailable on this MCU.
If it is necessary to set bits P3_0 to P3_2, and P3_6, set to 0 (“L” level). When read, the content is 0.
2. Bits P4_0 to P4_1, and P4_3 to P4_4 in the P4 register are unavailable on this MCU.
If it is necessary to set bits P4_0 to PD4_1, and P4_3 to P4_4, set to 0 (“L” level). When read, the content is 0.
Figure 6.6
Registers P1, P3, and P4
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Pull-Up Control Register 0
6. Programmable I/O Ports
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
Symbol
Address
00FCh
After Reset
00XX0000b
Function
PUR0
Bit Symbol
(b1-b0)
PU02
Bit Name
RW
RW
RW
RW
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
P1_0 to P1_3 pull-up(1)
P1_4 to P1_7 pull-up(1)
0 : Not pulled up
1 : Pulled up
PU03
—
(b5-b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
—
PU06
P3_3 pull-up(1)
P3_4 to P3_5, and P3_7 pll-up(1)
0 : Not pulled up
1 : Pulled up
RW
RW
PU07
NOTE:
1. When this bit is set to 1 (pulled up), the pin w hose direction bit is set to 0 (input mode) is pulled up.
Pull-Up Control Register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
PUR1
Bit Symbol
Address
00FDh
After Reset
XXXXXX0Xb
Function
Bit Name
RW
—
—
(b0)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
P4_5 pull-up(1)
0 : Not pulled up
1 : Pulled up
PU11
RW
—
—
(b7-b2)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTE:
1. When the PU11 bit is set to 1 (pulled up), and the PD4_5 bit is set to 0 (input mode), the P4_5 pin is pulled up.
Figure 6.7
Registers PUR0 and PUR1
Port P1 Drive Capacity Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
00FEh
After Reset
00h
DRR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
P1_0 drive capacity
P1_1 drive capacity
Function
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
DRR0
DRR1
DRR2
DRR3
(b7-b4)
Set P1 N-channel output transistor drive
capacity.
0 : Low
1 : High
P1_2 drive capacity
P1_3 drive capacity
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Figure 6.8
DRR Register
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
6.4
Port Settings
Tables 6.4 to 6.17 list the port settings.
Table 6.4
Port P1_0/KI0/AN8/CMP0_0
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0 DRR
KIEN
ADCON0
TCOUT
Function
PD1_0 PU02 DRR0 KI0EN CH2, CH1, CH0, ADGSEL0 TCOUT0
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
X
X
1
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
1001b
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
KI0 input
Setting
Value
X
X
X
X
Comparator input (AN8)
Output port
1
Output port (high drive)
CMP0_0 output
X
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.5
Port P1_1/KI1/AN9/CMP0_1
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0 DRR
KIEN
ADCON0
TCOUT
Function
PD1_1 PU02 DRR1 KI1EN CH2, CH1, CH0, ADGSEL0 TCOUT1
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
X
X
1
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
1011b
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
KI1 input
Setting
Value
X
X
X
X
Comparator input (AN9)
Output port
1
Output port (high drive)
CMP0_1 output
X
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.6
Port P1_2/KI2/AN10/CMP0_2
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0 DRR
KIEN
ADCON0
TCOUT
Function
PD1_2 PU02 DRR2 KI2EN CH2, CH1, CH0, ADGSEL0 TCOUT2
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
X
X
1
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
1101b
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
KI2 input
Setting
Value
X
X
X
X
Comparator input (AN10)
Output port
1
Output port (high drive)
CMP0_2 input
X
X: 0 or 1
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
Table 6.7
Port P1_3/KI3/AN11/TZOUT
Register
PD1
PUR0
PU02
DRR
KIEN
ADCON0
TZMR
TZOC
Function
CH2, CH1, CH0,
ADGSEL0
TZMOD1,
TZMOD0
Bit
PD1_3
DRR3
KI3EN
TZOCNT
0
0
0
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
0
1
X
X
X
X
0
X
X
1
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
1111b
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
00b
00b
00b
00b
00b
00b
01b
01b
01b
1Xb
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
KI3 input
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Comparator input (AN11)
Output port
X
X
X
X
X
X
Setting
Value
1
Output port (high drive)
Output port
0
1
1
Output port (high drive)
TZOUT output
X
X
0
X
TZOUT output
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.8
Port P1_4/TXD0
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0
U0MR
U0C0
NCH
X
Function
PD1_4
PU03
SMD2 to SMD0
000b
0
0
1
0
1
X
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
Output port
000b
X
000b
X
001b
100b
X
X
X
X
0
1
TXD0 output, CMOS output
Setting
Value
101b
110b
001b
100b
TXD0 output, N-channel open output
101b
110b
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.9
Port P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0
UCON
TXMR
Function
PD1_5
PU03
CNTRSEL
TXMOD1, TXMOD0
XX
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
X
X
X
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
RXD0 input
XX
X
X
X
X
Other than 01b
Other than 01b
Other than 01b
01b
Setting
Value
CNTR01/INT11 input
Output port
X
1
CNTR01 output
X: 0 or 1
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
Table 6.10
Port P1_6/CLK0
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0
U0MR
SMD2, SMD0, CKDIR
Other than 010b
Other than 010b
XX1
Function
PD1_6
PU03
0
0
0
1
X
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
CLK0 (external clock) input
Output port
Setting
Value
0
X
X
Other than 010b
010b
CLK0 (internal clock) output
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.11
Port P1_7/CNTR00/INT10
Register
Bit
PD1
PUR0
TXMR
UCON
Function
Input port (not pulled up)
PD1_7
PU03
TXMOD1, TXMOD0
Other than 01b
Other than 01b
Other than 01b
Other than 01b
01b
CNTRSEL
0
0
0
1
X
0
1
X
X
0
Input port (pulled up)
CNTR00/INT10 input
Output port
Setting
Value
0
X
X
X
0
CNTR00 output
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.12
Port P3_3/TCIN/INT3/CMP1_0
Register
Bit
PD3
PUR0
TCOUT
Function
PD3_3
PU06
TCOUT3
0
0
1
X
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
Output port
Setting
Value
X
X
X
CMP1_0 output
TCIN input/INT3
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.13
Port P3_4/CMP1_1
Register
Bit
PD3
PUR0
TCOUT
Function
PD3_4
PU07
TCOUT4
0
0
1
X
0
1
0
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
Output port
Setting
Value
X
X
CMP1_1 output
X: 0 or 1
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
Table 6.14
Port P3_5/CMP1_2
Register
Bit
PD3
PUR0
TCOUT
Function
PD3_5
PU07
TCOUT5
0
0
1
X
0
1
0
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
Output port
Setting
Value
X
X
CMP1_2 output
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.15
Port P3_7/CNTR0/TXD1
Register
Bit
PD3
PUR0
U1MR
SMD2 to SMD0
000b
TXMR
UCON
U1SEL1, U1SEL0
Function
PD3_7
PU07
TXOCNT
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0X
0X
0X
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
Output port
000b
X
000b
001b
Setting
Value
100b
X
X
X
X
X
1
11b
XX
TXD1 output pin
101b
110b
000b
CNTR0 output pin
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.16
Port XIN/P4_6, XOUT/P4_7
Register
CM1
CM13
1
CM1
CM10
1
CM0
CM05
1
Circuit specification
Function
Oscillation
buffer
Feedback
resistance
Bit
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
XIN-XOUT oscillation stop
External input to XIN pin, “H” output
from XOUT pin
1
0
1
Setting
Value
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
OFF
ON
ON
ON
XIN-XOUT oscillation stop
XIN-XOUT oscillation
Input port
X
X
OFF
OFF
X: 0 or 1
Table 6.17
Port P4_5/INT0/RXD1
Register
Bit
PD4
PUR1
UCON
INTEN
Function
PD4_5
PU11
U1SEL1, U1SEL0
INT0EN
0
0
0
0
1
0
00b
00b
00b
01b
10b
00b
0
0
1
Input port (not pulled up)
Input port (pulled up)
INT0 input
Setting
Value
X
1
0
0
RXD1 input
Output port
X
X
X: 0 or 1
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6. Programmable I/O Ports
6.5
Unassigned Pin Handling
Table 6.18 lists Unassigned Pin Handling. Figure 6.9 shows Unassigned Pin Handling.
Table 6.18
Unassigned Pin Handling
Pin Name
Connection
Ports P1, P3_3 to P3_5,
P3_7, P4_5
• After setting to input mode, connect each pin to VSS via a resistor (pull-
(2)
down) or connect each pin to VCC via a resistor (pull-up).
(1, 2)
• After setting to output mode, leave these pins open.
(2)
Ports P4_6, P4_7
Port P4_2/VREF
Connect to VCC via a pull-up resistor
Connect to VCC
(3)
(2)
RESET
Connect to VCC via a pull-up resistor
NOTES:
1. If these ports are set to output mode and left open, they remain in input mode until they are switched
to output mode by a program. The voltage level of these pins may be undefined and the power
supply current may increase while the ports remain in input mode.
The content of the direction registers may change due to noise or program runaway caused by
noise. In order to enhance program reliability, the program should periodically repeat the setting of
the direction registers.
2. Connect these unassigned pins to the MCU using the shortest wire length (2 cm or less) possible.
3. When the power-on reset function is in use.
MCU
Port P1, P3_3 to P3_5, (Input mode)
:
:
P3_7, P4_5
:
:
(Input mode)
(Output mode)
Open
Port P4_6, P4_7
RESET(1)
Port P4_2/VREF
NOTE:
1. When the power-on reset function is in use.
Figure 6.9
Unassigned Pin Handling
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
7. Voltage Detection Circuit
The voltage detection circuit monitors the input voltage to the VCC pin. This circuit can be used to monitor
the VCC input voltage by a program. Alternately, voltage monitor 1 reset, voltage monitor 2 interrupt, and
voltage monitor 2 reset can also be used.
Table 7.1 lists the Specifications of Voltage Detection Circuit and Figures 7.1 to 7.3 show the Block
Diagrams. Figures 7.4 to 7.6 show the Associated Registers.
Table 7.1
Specifications of Voltage Detection Circuit
Item Voltage Detection 1
Voltage to monitor
Voltage Detection 2
Vdet2
VCC monitor
Vdet1
Detection target
Passing through Vdet1
by rising or falling
None
Passing through Vdet2 by
rising or falling
Monitor
VCA13 bit in VCA1
register
Whether VCC is higher or
lower than Vdet2
Process when voltage is Reset
detected
Voltage monitor 1 reset Voltage monitor 2 reset
Reset at Vdet1 > VCC; Reset at Vdet2 > VCC;
restart CPU operation at restart CPU operation
VCC > Vdet1
None
after a specified time
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt
Interrupt
Interrupt request at Vdet2
> VCC and VCC > Vdet2
when digital filter is
enabled;
interrupt request at Vdet2
> VCC or VCC > Vdet2
when digital filter is
disabled
Digital filter
Switch
Available
Available
enabled/disabled
Sampling time
(Divide-by-n of fRING-S) (Divide-by-n of fRING-S)
x 4
x 4
n: 1, 2, 4, and 8
n: 1, 2, 4, and 8
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
VCA27
VCC
Voltage detection 2
signal
+
-
Noise filter
Internal
reference
voltage
≥ Vdet2
VCA1 register
b3
VCA26
VCA13 bit
Voltage detection 1
signal
+
-
≥ Vdet1
Figure 7.1
Block Diagram of Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage monitor 1 reset generation circuit
VW1F1 to VW1F0
= 00b
= 01b
Voltage detection 1 circuit
= 10b
= 11b
fRING-S
1/2
1/2
1/2
VCA26
VCC
+
-
Digital
filter
Internal
reference
voltage
Voltage
detection 1
signal
Voltage detection 1
Voltage
monitor 1
reset
signal is held “H” when
VCA26 bit is set to 0
(disabled).
VW1C1
signal
VW1C0
VW1C6
VW1C7
VW1C0 to VW1C1, VW1F0 to VW1F1, VW1C6, VW1C7: Bits in VW1C register
VCA26: Bit in VCA2 register
Figure 7.2
Block Diagram of Voltage Monitor 1 Reset Generation Circuit
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt/reset generation circuit
VW2F1 to VW2F0
= 00b
= 01b
Voltage detection 2 circuit
VCA27
= 10b
= 11b
VW2C2 bit is set to 0 (not detected) by
writing 0 by a program.
When VCA27 bit is set to 0 (voltage
detection 2 circuit disabled), VW2C2
bit is set to 0.
fRING-S
1/2
1/2
1/2
Watchdog
timer interrupt
signal
VCA13
VCC
+
-
Digital
filter
Noise filter
VW2C2
Voltage
detection
2 signal
Internal
reference
voltage
(Filter width: 200 ns)
Voltage detection 2 signal
is held “H” when VCA27 bit
is set to 0 (disabled).
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt signal
Non-maskable
interrupt signal
VW2C1
Oscillation stop
detection
interrupt signal
Watchdog timer block
VW2C3
VW2C7
Voltage
monitor 2
reset signal
Watchdog timer
underflow signal
VW2C0
VW2C6
This bit is set to 0 (not detected) by writing 0
by a program.
VW2C0 to VW2C3, VW2F0, VW2F1, VW2C6, VW2C7: Bits in VW2C register
VCA13: Bit in VCA1 register
VCA27: Bit in VCA2 register
Figure 7.3
Block Diagram of Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt/Reset Generation Circuit
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage Detection Register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0031h
After Reset(2)
00001000b
Function
VCA1
Bit Symbol
—
Bit Name
RW
RW
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
(b2-b0)
Voltage detection 2 signal monitor
flag(1)
0 : VCC < Vdet2
1 : VCC Vdet2 or voltage detection 2
≥
VCA13
RO
circuit disabled
—
(b7-b4)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
NOTES:
1. The VCA13 bit is enabled w hen the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register is set to 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit enabled).
The VCA13 bit is set to 1 (VCC Vdet 2) w hen the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register is set to 0 (voltage detection 2
≥
circuit disabled).
2. The softw are reset, w atchdog timer reset, and voltage monitor 2 reset do not affect this register.
Voltage Detection Register 2(1)
After Reset(4)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Hardw are reset : 00h
Symbol
VCA2
Address
0032h
Pow er-on reset, voltage monitor 1 reset
: 01000000b
Bit Symbol
—
(b5-b0)
Bit Name
Function
Set to 0.
RW
RW
Reserved bits
Voltage detection 1 enable bit(2)
Voltage detection 1 enable bit(3)
0 : Voltage detection 1 circuit disabled
1 : Voltage detection 1 circuit enabled
VCA26
VCA27
RW
RW
0 : Voltage detection 2 circuit disabled
1 : Voltage detection 2 circuit enabled
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC3 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before w riting to this register.
2. To use the voltage monitor 1 reset, set the VCA26 bit to 1.
After the VCA26 bit is set to 1 from 0, the voltage detection circuit w aits for td(E-A) to elapse before starting
operation.
3. To use the voltage monitor 2 interrupt/reset or the VCA13 bit in the VCA1 register, set the VCA27 bit to 1.
After the VCA27 bit is set to 1 from 0, the voltage detection circuit w aits for td(E-A) to elapse before starting
operation.
4. Softw are reset, w atchdog timer reset, and voltage monitor 2 reset do not affect this register.
Figure 7.4
Registers VCA1 and VCA2
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage Monitor 1 Circuit Control Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
VW1C
Address
0036h
After reset(2)
Hardw are reset : 0000X000b
Pow er-on reset, voltage monitor 1 reset :
0100X001b
Bit Symbol
VW1C0
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Voltage monitor 1 reset enable
bit(3)
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
Voltage monitor 1 digital filter
disable mode select bit
0 : Digital filter enabled mode
(digital filter circuit enabled)
1 : Digital filter disabled mode
(digital filter circuit disabled)
VW1C1
VW1C2
RW
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
RO
—
(b3)
Reserved bit
When read, the content is undefined.
b5 b4
Sampling clock select bits
0 0 : fRING-S divided by 1
0 1 : fRING-S divided by 2
1 0 : fRING-S divided by 4
VW1F0
VW1F1
RW
RW
1 1 : fRING-S divided by 8
Voltage monitor 1 circuit mode
select bit
When the VW1C0 bit is set to 1 (voltage
monitor 1 reset enabled), set to 1.
VW1C6
VW1C7
RW
RW
Voltage monitor 1 reset generation When the VW1C1 bit is set to 1 (digital filter
condition select bit disabled mode), set to 1.
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC3 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before w riting to this register.
When rew riting the VW1C register, the VW1C2 bit may be set to 1. Set the VW1C2 bit to 0 after rew riting the VW1C
register.
2. The value remains unchanged after a softw are reset, w atchdog timer reset, or voltage monitor 2 reset.
3. The VW1C0 bit is enabled w hen the VCA26 bit in the VCA2 register is set to 1 (voltage detection 1 circuit enabled).
Set the VW1C0 bit to 0 (disable), w hen the VCA26 bit is set to 0 (voltage detection 1 circuit disabled).
Figure 7.5
VW1C Register
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage Monitor 2 Circuit Control Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
VW2C
Address
0037h
After Reset(8)
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt/reset
enable bit(6, 10)
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
VW2C0
VW2C1
Voltage monitor 2 digital filter
disable mode select bit(2)
0 : Digital filter enabled mode
(digital filter circuit enabled)
1 : Digital filter disabled mode
(digital filter circuit disabled)
RW
Voltage change detection flag(3, 4, 8) 0 : Not detected
1 : Vdet2 crossing detected
0 : Not detected
VW2C2
VW2C3
RW
RW
WDT detection flag(4, 8)
1 : Detected
b5 b4
Sampling clock select bits
0 0 : fRING-S divide by 1
VW2F0
RW
0 1 : fRING-S divide by 2
1 0 : fRING-S divide by 4
1 1 : fRING-S divide by 8
VW2F1
VW2C6
RW
RW
Voltage monitor 2 circuit mode
select bit(5)
0 : Voltage monitor 2 interrupt mode
1 : Voltage monitor 2 reset mode
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt/reset
generation condition select bit(7, 9)
0 : When VCC reaches Vdet2 or above.
1 : When VCC reaches Vdet2 or below .
VW2C7
RW
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC3 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (rew rite enable) before w riting to this register.
When rew riting the VW2C register, the VW2C2 bit may be set to 1. Set the VW2C2 bit to 0 after rew riting the VW2C
register.
2. When the voltage monitor 2 interrupt is used to exit stop mode and to return again, w rite 0 to the VW2C1bit before
w riting 1.
3. This bit is enabled w hen the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register is set to 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit enabled).
4. Set this bit to 0 by a program. When 0 is w ritten by a program, it is set to 0 (and remains unchanged even if 1 is
w ritten to it).
5. This bit is enabled w hen the VW2C0 bit is set to 1 (voltage monitor 2 interrupt/enabled reset).
6. The VW2C0 bit is enabled w hen the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register is set to 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit
enabled). Set the VW2C0 bit to 0 (disable) w hen the VCA27 bit is set to 0 (voltage detection 2 circuit disabled).
7. The VW2C7 bit is enabled w hen the VW2C1 bit is set to 1 (digital filter disabled mode).
8. Bits VW2C2 and VW2C3 remain unchanged after a softw are reset, w atchdog timer reset, or voltage monitor 2
9. When the VW2C6 bit is set to 1 (voltage monitor 2 reset mode), set the VW2C7 bit to 1 (w hen VCC reaches Vdet2 or
below ). (Do not set to 0.)
10. Set the VW2C0 bit to 0 (disabled) w hen the VCA13 bit in the VCA1 register is set to 1 (VCC Vdet2 or voltage
≥
detection 2 circuit disabled), the VW2C1 bit is set to 1 (digital filter disabled mode), and the VW2C7 bit is set to 0
(w hen VCC reaches Vdet2 or above).
Set the VW2C0 bit to 0 (disabled) w hen the VCA13 bit is set to 0 (VCC < Vdet2), the VW2C1 bit is set to 1 (digital
filter disabled mode), and the VW2C7 bit is set to 1 (w hen VCC reaches Vdet2 or below ).
Figure 7.6
VW2C Register
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
7.1
7.1.1
VCC Input Voltage
Monitoring Vdet1
Vdet1 cannot be monitored.
7.1.2
Monitoring Vdet2
Set the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register to 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit enabled). After td(E-A) has
elapsed (refer to 18. Electrical Characteristics), Vdet2 can be monitored by the VCA13 bit in the
VCA1 register.
7.1.3
Digital Filter
A digital filter can be used for monitoring the VCC input voltage. When the VW1C1 bit in the VW1C
register is set to 0 (digital filter enabled) for the voltage monitor 1 circuit and the VW2C1 bit in the
VW2C register is set to 0 (digital filter enabled) for the voltage monitor 2 circuit, the digital filter circuit
is enabled.
fRING-S divided by 1, 2, 4, or 8 may be selected as a sampling clock.
The level of VCC input voltage is sampled every sampling clock cycle, and when the sampled input
level matches two times, the internal reset signal changes to “L” or a voltage monitor 2 interrupt
request is generated.
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
Voltage monitor 1 reset
VCC
Vdet1
Sampling
timing
Internal reset signal
Sampling clock of digital filter x 4 cycles
Operation when the VW1C1 bit in the VW1C register is set to 0 (digital filter enabled).
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt
VCC
Vdet2
Sampling
timing
Sampling clock of digital filter x 4 cycles
Sampling clock of digital filter x 4 cycles
1
0
VW2C2 bit in
VW2C register
Set to 0 by a program
1
0
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt request
Set to 0 by an interrupt
request acknowledgment
Operation when the VW2C1 bit in the VW2C register is set to 0 (digital filter enabled)
and the VW2C6 bit is set to 0 (voltage monitor 2 interrupt mode).
Figure 7.7
Operating Example of Digital Filter
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
7.2
Voltage Monitor 1 Reset
Table 7.2 lists the Setting Procedure of Voltage Monitor 1 Reset Associated Bits and Figure 7.8 shows
an Operating Example of Voltage Monitor 1 Reset. To use voltage monitor 1 reset to exit stop mode, set
the VW1C1 bit in the VW1C register to 1 (digital filter disabled).
Table 7.2
Setting Procedure of Voltage Monitor 1 Reset Associated Bits
Step
When Using Digital Filter
When Not Using Digital Filter
1
2
Set the VCA26 bit in the VCA2 register to 1 (voltage detection 1 circuit enabled).
Wait for td(E-A)
Select the sampling clock of the digital filter Set the VW1C7 bit in the VW1C register to 1.
by bits VW1F0 to VW1F1 in the VW1C
(1)
3
register.
Set the VW1C1 bit in the VW1C register to 0 Set the VW1C1 bit in the VW1C register to 1
(1)
4
(digital filter enabled).
(digital filter disabled).
(1)
Set the VW1C6 bit in the VW1C register to 1 (voltage monitor 1 reset mode).
Set the VW1C2 bit in the VW1C register to 0.
5
6
7
Set the CM14 bit in the CM1 register to 0
(low-speed on-chip oscillator on).
−
8
Wait for 4 cycles of the sampling clock of the − (No wait time)
digital filter.
9
Set the VW1C0 bit in the VW1C register to 1 (voltage monitor 1 reset enabled).
NOTE:
1. When the VW1C0 bit is set to 0 (disabled), steps 3, 4, and 5 can be executed simultaneously (with
1 instruction).
VCC
Vdet1
(Typ. 2.85 V)
1
× 32
Sampling clock of
digital filter × 4 cycles
fRING-S
When the VW1C1 bit is set
to 0 (digital filter enabled).
Internal reset signal
1
× 32
fRING-S
When the VW1C1 bit is set
to 1 (digital filter disabled)
and the VW1C7 bit is set
to 1.
Internal reset signal
VW1C1 and VW1C7: Bits in VW1C register
The above applies under the following conditions.
• VCA26 bit in VCA2 register = 1 (voltage detection 1 circuit enabled)
• VW1C0 bit in VW1C register = 1 (voltage monitor 1 reset enabled)
• VW1C6 bit in VW1C register = 1 (voltage monitor 1 reset mode)
When the internal reset signal is held “L”, the pins, CPU and SFR are reset.
The internal reset signal level changes from “L” to “H”, and a program is executed beginning with the address indicated by
the reset vector.
Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs), for the SFR status after reset.
Figure 7.8
Operating Example of Voltage Monitor 1 Reset
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
7.3
Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage Monitor 2 Reset
Table 7.3 lists the Setting Procedure of Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage Monitor 2 Reset
Associated Bits. Figure 7.9 shows an Operating Example of Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage
Monitor 2 Reset. To use voltage monitor 2 interrupt or voltage monitor 2 reset to exit stop mode, set the
VW2C1 bit in the VW2C register to 1 (digital filter disabled).
Table 7.3
Setting Procedure of Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage Monitor 2 Reset
Associated Bits
When Using Digital Filter
When Not Using Digital Filter
Voltage Monitor 2 Voltage Monitor 2
Interrupt Reset
Step
Voltage Monitor 2
Interrupt
Voltage Monitor 2
Reset
1
2
Set the VCA27 bit in the VCA2 register to 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit enabled).
Wait for td(E-A)
Select the sampling clock of the digital filter Select the timing of the interrupt and reset
(2)
by bits VW2F0 to VW2F1 in the VW2C
register.
request by the VW2C7 bit in the VW2C
3
(1)
register
.
Set the VW2C1 bit in the VW2C register to 0 Set the VW2C1 bit in the VW2C register to 1
(digital filter enabled). (digital filter disabled).
(2)
4
(2)
Set the VW2C6 bit in Set the VW2C6 bit in Set the VW2C6 bit in Set the VW2C6 bit in
the VW2C register to the VW2C register to the VW2C register to the VW2C register to
0 (voltage monitor 2 1 (voltage monitor 2 0 (voltage monitor 2 1 (voltage monitor 2
5
interrupt mode).
reset mode).
interrupt mode).
reset mode).
6
7
Set the VW2C2 bit in the VW2C register to 0 (passing of Vdet2 is not detected).
Set the CM14 bit in the CM1 register to 0
(low-speed on-chip oscillator on).
−
8
Wait for 4 cycles of the sampling clock of the − (No wait time)
digital filter.
9
Set the VW2C0 bit in the VW2C register to 1 (voltage monitor 2 interrupt/reset enabled).
NOTES:
1. Set the VW2C7 bit to 1 (when VCC reaches Vdet2 or below) for the voltage monitor 2 reset.
2. When the VW2C0 bit is set to 0 (disabled), steps 3, 4 and 5 can be executed simultaneously (with 1
instruction).
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7. Voltage Detection Circuit
VCC
Vdet2
(Typ. 3.30 V)
2.7 V(1)
1
0
VCA13 bit
VW2C2 bit
Sampling clock of digital filter
Sampling clock of digital filter
× 4 cycles
× 4 cycles
1
0
Set to 0 by a program
When the VW2C1 bit is set
to 0 (digital filter enabled).
Set to 0 by interrupt request
acknowledgement
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt request
(VW2C6 = 0)
Internal reset signal
(VW2C6 = 1)
Set to 0 by a program
1
0
VW2C2 bit
When the VW2C1 bit is
set to 1 (digital filter
disabled) and the
VW2C7 bit is set to 0
(Vdet2 or above).
Set to 0 by interrupt
request
acknowledgement
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt request
(VW2C6 = 0)
Set to 0 by a program
1
0
VW2C2 bit
Set to 0 by interrupt
When the VW2C1 bit is
set to 1 (digital filter
disabled) and the
VW2C7 bit is set to 1
(Vdet2 or below).
request acknowledgement
Voltage monitor 2
interrupt request
(VW2C6 = 0)
Internal reset signal
(VW2C6 = 1)
VCA13: Bit in VCA1 register
VW2C1, VW2C2, VW2C6, VW2C7: Bit in VW2C register
The above applies under the following conditions.
• VCA27 bit in VCA2 register = 1 (voltage detection 2 circuit enabled)
• VW2C0 bit in VW2C register = 1 (voltage monitor 2 interrupt and voltage monitor 2 reset enabled)
NOTE:
1. If voltage monitor 1 reset is not used, set the power supply to VCC ≥ 2.7.
Figure 7.9
Operating Example of Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt and Voltage Monitor 2 Reset
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8. Processor Mode
8. Processor Mode
8.1
Processor Modes
Single-chip mode can be selected as the processor mode. Table 8.1 lists Features of Processor Mode.
Figure 8.1 shows the PM0 Register and Figure 8.2 shows the PM1 Register.
Table 8.1
Processor Mode
Single-chip mode
Features of Processor Mode
Accessible Areas
Pins Assignable as I/O Port Pins
SFR, internal RAM, internal ROM All pins are I/O ports or peripheral function
I/O pins.
Processor Mode Register 0(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
Symbol
PM0
Address
0004h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b2-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Softw are reset bit
The MCU is reset w hen this bit is set to 1.
When read, the content is 0.
PM03
RW
—
—
(b7-b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTE:
1. Set the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the PM0 register.
Figure 8.1
PM0 Register
Processor Mode Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0
Symbol
PM1
Address
0005h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
—
—
(b0)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
—
(b1)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
RW
—
WDT interrupt/reset sw itch bit
0 : Watchdog timer interrupt
1 : Watchdog timer reset(2)
PM12
—
(b6-b3)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
—
(b7)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the PM1 register.
2. The PM12 bit is set to 1 by a program (and remains unchanged even if 0 is w ritten to it).
When the CSPRO bit in the CSPR register is set to 1 (count source protect mode enabled), the PM12 bit is
automatically set to 1.
Figure 8.2
PM1 Register
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9.Bus
9. Bus
The bus cycles differ when accessing ROM/RAM, and when accessing SFR. Table 9.1 lists Bus Cycles by
Access Space of the R8C/18 Group and Table 9.2 lists Bus Cycles by Access Space of the R8C/19 Group.
ROM/RAM and SFR are connected to the CPU by an 8-bit bus. When accessing in word (16-bit) units,
these areas are accessed twice in 8-bit units. Table 9.3 lists Access Units and Bus Operations.
Table 9.1
Bus Cycles by Access Space of the R8C/18 Group
Access Area
Bus Cycle
2 cycles of CPU clock
1 cycle of CPU clock
SFR
ROM/RAM
Table 9.2
Bus Cycles by Access Space of the R8C/19 Group
Access Area
Bus Cycle
2 cycles of CPU clock
1 cycle of CPU clock
SFR/data flash
Program ROM/RAM
Table 9.3
Access Units and Bus Operations
SFR, data flash
Area
ROM (program ROM), RAM
CPU clock
Even address
Byte access
CPU clock
Even
Data
Even
Odd
Address
Data
Address
Data
Data
Odd address
Byte access
CPU clock
CPU clock
Address
Data
Odd
Data
Address
Data
Data
Even address
Word access
CPU clock
CPU clock
Address
Data
Address
Data
Even
Data
Even + 1
Data
Even
Data
Even + 1
Data
Odd address
Word access
CPU clock
CPU clock
Address
Data
Odd
Odd + 1
Data
Odd
Odd + 1
Data
Address
Data
Data
Data
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10. Clock Generation Circuit
The clock generation circuit has:
• Main clock oscillation circuit
• On-chip oscillator (oscillation stop detection function)
Table 10.1 lists Specifications of Clock Generation Circuit. Figure 10.1 shows a Clock Generation Circuit.
Figures 9.2 to 10.5 show clock associated registers.
Table 10.1
Specifications of Clock Generation Circuit
On-Chip Oscillator
Main Clock
Oscillation Circuit
Item
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator
Applications
• CPU clock source • CPU clock source
• CPU clock source
• Peripheral
function clock
source
• Peripheral function clock
source
• CPU and peripheral function
clock sources when main
clock stops oscillating
• Peripheral function clock
source
• CPU and peripheral function
clock sources when main
clock stops oscillating
Clock frequency 0 to 20 MHz
Approx. 8 MHz
Approx. 125 kHz
Connectable
oscillator
• Ceramic
resonator
• Crystal oscillator
−
−
(1)
Oscillator
connect pins
(Note 1)
Usable
Stop
(Note 1)
Usable
Oscillate
−
XIN, XOUT
Oscillation stop, Usable
restart function
Oscillator status Stop
after reset
Others
Externally
−
generated clock
can be input
NOTE:
1. These pins can be used as P4_6 or P4_7 when using the on-chip oscillator clock as the CPU clock
while the main clock oscillation circuit is not used.
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
HRA2 register
HRA1 register
Frequency adjustable
On-chip oscillator clock
High-speed
on-chip
fRING-fast
HRA00
Watchdog
timer
oscillator
UART1
fRING128
fRING
HRA01 = 1
HRA01 = 0
INT0
Timer C
Timer X
Timer Z
UART0
Comparator
1/128
Low-speed
on-chip
Power-on
CM14
reset circuit
oscillator
fRING-S
Voltage
detection
circuit
Q
Q
CM10 = 1 (stop mode)
S
R
f1
b
RESET
f2
f4
f8
c
Power-on reset
Software reset
Interrupt request
Oscillation
stop
detection
d
S
R
e
Main clock
WAIT
instruction
OCD2 = 1
g
f32
CM13
a
h
CPU clock
Divider
XIN
OCD2 = 0
XOUT
CM13
System clock
CM05
CM02
g
e
d
c
b
1/2
1/2
a
1/2
1/2
1/2
CM06 = 0
CM17 to CM16 = 11b
CM06 = 1
h
CM06 = 0
CM17 to CM16 = 10b
CM02, CM05, CM06: Bits in CM0 register
CM10, CM13, CM14, CM16, CM17: Bits in CM1 register
OCD0, OCD1, OCD2: Bits in OCD register
HRA00, HRA01: Bits in HRA0 register
CM06 = 0
CM17 to CM16 = 01b
CM06 = 0
CM17 to CM16 = 00b
Detail of divider
Oscillation Stop Detection Circuit
Forcible discharge when OCD0(1) = 0
Pulse generation
circuit for clock
edge detection and
charge, discharge
control circuit
Charge,
Main clock
discharge
circuit
Oscillation stop detection
interrupt generation
circuit detection
Oscillation stop detection,
Watchdog timer,
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt
OCD1(1)
Watchdog
timer interrupt
Voltage monitor
2 interrupt
OCD2 bit switch signal
CM14 bit switch signal
NOTE:
1. Set the same value in bits OCD1 and OCD0.
Figure 10.1
Clock Generation Circuit
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
System Clock Control Register 0(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0 1
0 0
Symbol
CM0
Address
0006h
After Reset
68h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b1-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
WAIT peripheral function clock stop 0 : Peripheral function clock does not stop
bit
in w ait mode.
CM02
RW
1 : Peripheral function clock stops in
w ait mode.
—
(b3)
Reserved bit
Set to 1.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
—
(b4)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
Main clock (XIN-XOUT) stop bit(2, 4)
Systemclock division select bit 0(5)
Reserved bit
0 : Main clock oscillates.
1 : Main clock stops.(3)
CM05
CM06
0 : CM16, CM17 enabled
1 : Divide-by-8 mode
—
(b7)
Set to 0.
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the CM0 register.
2. The CM05 bit stops the main clock w hen the on-chip oscillator mode is selected.
Do not use this bit to detect w hether the main clock is stopped. To stop the main clock, set the bits in the follow ing
order:
(a) Set bits OCD1 and OCD0 in the OCD register to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled).
(b) Set the OCD2 bit to 1 (selects on-chip oscillator clock).
3. To input an external clock, set the CM05 bit to 1 (main clock stops) and the CM13 bit in the CM1 register to 1
(XIN-XOUT pin).
4. When the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stops), P4_6 and P4_7 can be used as input ports.
5. When entering stop mode from high or medium speed mode, the CM06 bit is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode).
Figure 10.2
CM0 Register
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
System Clock Control Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
Symbol
Address
0007h
After Reset
20h
CM1
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
All clock stop control bit(4, 7, 8)
Function
RW
RW
0 : Clock operates.
1 : Stops all clocks (stop mode).
CM10
—
(b1)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
—
(b2)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
Port XIN-XOUT sw itch bit(7)
0 : Input port P4_6, P4_7
1 : XIN-XOUT Pin
CM13
CM14
CM15
Low -speed on-chip oscillation stop 0 : Low -speed on-chip oscillator on
bit(5, 6, 8)
1 : Low -speed on-chip oscillator off
XIN-XOUT drive capacity select bit(2) 0 : Low
1 : High
Systemclock division select bits 1(3)
b7 b6
0 0 : No division mode
CM16
CM17
RW
RW
0 1 : Divide-by-2 mode
1 0 : Divide-by-4 mode
1 1 : Divide-by-16 mode
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the CM1 register.
2. When entering stop mode from high or medium speed mode, this bit is set to 1 (drive capacity high).
3. When the CM06 bit is set to 0 (bits CM16, CM17 enabled), bits CM16 to CM17 are enabled.
4. If the CM10 bit is set to 1 (stop mode), the on-chip feedback resistor is disabled.
5. When the OCD2 bit is set to 0 (main clock selected), the CM14 bit is set to 1 (low -speed on-chip oscillator stopped).
When the OCD2 bit is set to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock selected), the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low -speed on-chip
oscillator on). And remains unchanged even if 1 is w ritten to it.
6. When using the voltage detection interrupt, set the CM14 bit to 0 (low -speed on-chip oscillator on).
7. When the CM10 bit is set to 1 (stop mode), or the CM05 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (main clock stops) and the CM13
bit is set to 1 (XIN-XOUT pin), the XOUT (P4_7) pin becomes “H”.
When the CM13 bit is set to 0 (input ports, P4_6, P4_7), P4_7 (XOUT) enters input mode.
8. In count source protect mode (refer to
), the value remains
13.2 Count Source Protection Mode Enabled
unchanged even if bits CM10 and CM14 are set.
Figure 10.3
CM1 Register
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
Oscillation Stop Detection Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
000Ch
After Reset
04h
OCD
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Oscillation stop detection enable
bits
b1 b0
0 0 : Oscillation stop detection function
disabled
OCD0
OCD1
0 1 : Do not set.
1 0 : Do not set.
RW
RW
1 1 : Oscillation stop detection function
enabled(4, 7)
Systemclock select bit(6)
0 : Selects main clock.(7)
1 : Selects on-chip oscillator clock.(2)
OCD2
OCD3
Clock monitor bit(3, 5)
Reserved bits
0 : Main clock oscillates.
1 : Main clock stops.
RO
—
(b7-b4)
Set to 0.
RW
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting to this register.
2. The OCD2 bit is automatically set to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock selected) if a main clock oscillation stop is detected
w hile bits OCD1 to OCD0 are set to 11b (oscillation stop detection function enabled). If the OCD3 bit is set to 1 (main
clock stops), the OCD2 bit remains unchanged even w hen set to 0 (main clock selected).
3. The OCD3 bit is enabled w hen bits OCD1 to OCD0 are set to 11b (oscillation stop detection function enabled).
4. Set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled) before entering stop or on-chip oscillator
mode (main clock stops).
5. The OCD3 bit remains 0 (main clock oscillates) if bits OCD1 to OCD0 are set to 00b.
6. The CM14 bit is set to 0 (low -speed on-chip oscillator on) if the OCD2 bit is set to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock
selected).
7. Ref er to
Figure 10.9 Procedure for Switching Clock Source from Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator to Main
for the sw itching procedure w hen the main clock re-oscillates after detecting an oscillation stop.
Clock
Figure 10.4
OCD Register
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 0(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
HRA0
Address
0020h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
High-speed on-chip oscillator enable 0 : High-speed on-chip oscillator off
bit 1 : High-speed on-chip oscillator on
High-speed on-chip oscillator select 0 : Selects low -speed on-chip oscillator.(3)
HRA00
HRA01
RW
RW
bit(2)
1 : Selects high-speed on-chip oscillator.
—
(b7-b2)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the HRA0 register.
2. Change the HRA01 bit under the follow ing conditions.
• HRA00 = 1 (high-speed on-chip oscillation)
• The CM14 bit in the CM1 register = 0 (low -speed on-chip oscillator on)
3. When setting the HRA01 bit to 0 (low -speed on-chip oscillator selected), do not set the HRA00 bit to 0 (high-speed
on-chip oscillator off) at the same time.
Set the HRA00 bit to 0 after setting the HRA01 bit to 0.
Figure 10.5
HRA0 Register
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
HRA1
Address
0021h
After Reset
When Shipping
Function
RW
RW
The frequency of the high-speed on-chip oscillator is adjusted w ith bits 0 to 7.
High-speed on-chip oscillator frequency = 8 MHz
(HRA1 register = value w hen shipping ; fRING-fast mode 0)
Setting the HRA1 register to a low er value (minimum value: 00h), results in a higher
frequency.
Setting the HRA1 register to a higher value (maximum value: FFh), results in a low er
frequency.
NOTE:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the HRA1 register.
High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Control Register 2(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
Symbol
HRA2
Address
0022h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
High-speed on-chip oscillator mode
select bits
b1 b0
0 0 : fRING-fast mode 0(2)
0 1 : fRING-fast mode 1(3)
1 0 : fRING-fast mode 2(4)
1 1 : Do not set.
HRA20
HRA21
RW
—
(b4-b2)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
—
—
(b7-b5)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTES:
1. Set the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (w rite enable) before rew riting the HRA2 register.
2. High-speed on-chip oscillator frequency = 8 MHz (HRA1 register = value w hen shipping)
3. If fRING-fast mode 0 is sw itched to fRING-fast mode 1, the frequency is multiplied by 1.5.
4. If fRING-fast mode 0 is sw itched to fRING-fast mode 2, the frequency is multiplied by 0.5.
Figure 10.6
Registers HRA1 and HRA2
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
The clocks generated by the clock generation circuits are described below.
10.1 Main Clock
This clock is supplied by a main clock oscillation circuit. This clock is used as the clock source for the
CPU and peripheral function clocks. The main clock oscillation circuit is configured by connecting
resonator between the XIN and XOUT pins. The main clock oscillation circuit includes an on-chip
feedback resistor, which is disconnected from the oscillation circuit in stop mode in order to reduce the
amount of power consumed by the chip. The main clock oscillation circuit may also be configured by
feeding an externally generated clock to the XIN pin. Figure 10.7 shows Examples of Main Clock
Connection Circuit. During reset and after reset, the main clock stops.
The main clock starts oscillating when the CM05 bit in the CM0 register is set to 0 (main clock on) after
setting the CM13 bit in the CM1 register to 1 (XIN- XOUT pin).
To use the main clock for the CPU clock source, set the OCD2 bit in the OCD register to 0 (selects main
clock) after the main clock is oscillating stably.
The power consumption can be reduced by setting the CM05 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (main clock
stops) if the OCD2 bit is set to 1 (select on-chip oscillator clock).
When an external clock is input to the XIN pin, the main clock does not stop if the CM05 bit is set to 1. If
necessary, use an external circuit to stop the clock.
In stop mode, all clocks including the main clock stop. Refer to 10.4 Power Control for details.
MCU
MCU
(on-chip feedback resistor)
(on-chip feedback resistor)
XIN
XIN
XOUT
XOUT
Open
Rd(1)
Externally derived clock
CIN
COUT
VCC
VSS
External clock input circuit
Ceramic resonator external circuit
NOTE:
1. Insert a damping resistor if required. The resistance will vary depending on the oscillator and the
oscillation drive capacity setting. Use the value recommended by the manufacturer of the oscillator.
When the oscillation drive capacity is set to low, check that oscillation is stable. Also, if the oscillator
manufacturer's data sheet specifies that a feedback resistor be added to the chip externally, insert a
feedback resistor between XIN and XOUT following the instructions.
Figure 10.7
Examples of Main Clock Connection Circuit
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 60 of 233
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.2 On-Chip Oscillator Clocks
These clocks are supplied by the on-chip oscillators (high-speed on-chip oscillator and a low-speed on-
chip oscillator). The on-chip oscillator clock is selected by the HRA01 bit in the HRA0 register.
10.2.1 Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock
The clock generated by the low-speed on-chip oscillator is used as the clock source for the CPU
clock, peripheral function clock, fRING, fRING128, and fRING-S.
After reset, the on-chip oscillator clock generated by the low-speed on-chip oscillator divided by 8 is
selected as the CPU clock.
If the main clock stops oscillating when bits OCD1 to OCD0 in the OCD register are set to 11b
(oscillation stop detection function enabled), the low-speed on-chip oscillator automatically starts
operating, supplying the necessary clock for the MCU.
The frequency of the low-speed on-chip oscillator varies depending on the supply voltage and the
operating ambient temperature. Application products must be designed with sufficient margin to
allow for the frequency changes.
10.2.2 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock
The clock generated by the high-speed on-chip oscillator is used as the clock source for the CPU
clock, peripheral function clock, fRING, fRING128, and fRING1-fast.
After reset, the on-chip oscillator clock generated by the high-speed on-chip oscillator stops.
Oscillation is started by setting the HRA00 bit in the HRA0 register to 1 (high-speed on-chip oscillator
on). The frequency can be adjusted by registers HRA1 and HRA2.
Since there are differences in delay among the bits in the HRA1 register, make adjustments by
changing the settings of individual bits.
The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency may be changed in flash memory CPU rewrite mode
during auto-program operation or auto-erase operation. Refer to 10.6.4 High-Speed On-Chip
Oscillator Clock for details.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 61 of 233
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.3 CPU Clock and Peripheral Function Clock
There are a CPU clock to operate the CPU and a peripheral function clock to operate the peripheral
functions. Refer to Figure 10.1 Clock Generation Circuit.
10.3.1 System Clock
The system clock is the clock source for the CPU and peripheral function clocks. Either the main
clock or the on-chip oscillator clock can be selected.
10.3.2 CPU Clock
The CPU clock is an operating clock for the CPU and watchdog timer.
The system clock can be divided by 1 (no division), 2, 4, 8, or 16 to produce the CPU clock. Use the
CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM16 to CM17 in the CM1 register to select the value of the
division.
After reset, the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 provides the CPU clock. When
entering stop mode from high-speed or medium-speed mode, the CM06 bit is set to 1 (Divide-by-8
mode).
10.3.3 Peripheral Function Clock (f1, f2, f4, f8, and f32)
The peripheral function clock is the operating clock for the peripheral functions.
The clock fi (i = 1, 2, 4, 8, and 32) is generated by the system clock divided by i. The clock fi is used
for timers X, Y, Z, and C, the serial interface and the comparator.
When the WAIT instruction is executed after setting the CM02 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (peripheral
function clock stops in wait mode), the clock fi stops.
10.3.4 fRING and fRING128
fRING and fRING128 are operating clocks for the peripheral functions.
fRING runs at the same frequency as the on-chip oscillator clock and can be used as the source for
the timer X. fRING128 is generated from fRING by dividing it by 128, and it can be used as timer C.
When the WAIT instruction is executed, the clocks fRING and fRING128 do not stop.
10.3.5 fRING-fast
fRING-fast is used as the count source for timer C. fRING-fast is generated by the high-speed on-
chip oscillator and supplied by setting the HRA00 bit to 1.
When the WAIT instruction is executed, the clock fRING-fast does not stop.
10.3.6 fRING-S
fRING-S is an operating clock for the watchdog timer and voltage detection circuit. fRING-S is
supplied by setting the CM14 bit to 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator on) and uses the clock generated
by the low-speed on-chip oscillator. When the WAIT instruction is executed or in count source protect
mode of the watchdog timer, fRING-S does not stop.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 62 of 233
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.4 Power Control
There are three power control modes. All modes other than wait mode and stop mode are referred to as
standard operating mode.
10.4.1 Standard Operating Mode
Standard operating mode is further separated into four modes.
In standard operating mode, the CPU clock and the peripheral function clock are supplied to operate
the CPU and the peripheral function clocks. Power consumption control is enabled by controlling the
CPU clock frequency. The higher the CPU clock frequency, the more processing power increases.
The lower the CPU clock frequency, the more power consumption decreases. When unnecessary
oscillator circuits stop, power consumption is further reduced.
Before the clock sources for the CPU clock can be switched over, the new clock source needs to be
oscillating and stable. If the new clock source is the main clock, allow sufficient wait time in a
program until oscillation is stabilized before exiting.
Table 10.2
Settings and Modes of Clock Associated Bits
OCD Register
CM1 Register
CM0 Register
Modes
High-speed mode
OCD2
CM17, CM16
CM13
CM06
CM05
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
00b
01b
10b
−
1
1
1
1
1
−
−
−
−
−
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
−
−
−
−
−
Medium-
speed
mode
Divide-by-2
Divide-by-4
Divide-by-8
Divide-by-16
11b
00b
01b
10b
−
High-speed, No division
low-speed
on-chip
oscillator
Divide-by-2
Divide-by-4
Divide-by-8
Divide-by-16
(1)
mode
11b
NOTE:
1. The low-speed on-chip oscillator is used as the on-chip oscillator clock when the CM14 bit in the
CM1 register is set to 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator on) and the HRA01 bit in the HRA0 register is
set to 0. The high-speed on-chip oscillator is used as the on-chip oscillator clock when the HRA00
bit in the HRA0 register is set to 1 (high-speed on-chip oscillator A on) and the HRA01 bit in the
HRA0 register is set to 1.
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.4.1.1 High-Speed Mode
The main clock divided by 1 (no division) provides the CPU clock. If the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low-
speed on-chip oscillator on) or the HRA00 bit in the HRA0 register is set to 1 (high-speed on-chip
oscillator on), fRING and fRING128 can be used as timers X and C. When the HRA00 bit is set to 1,
fRING-fast can be used as timer C. When the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator on),
fRING-S can be used for the watchdog timer and voltage detection circuit.
10.4.1.2 Medium-Speed Mode
The main clock divided by 2, 4, 8, or 16 provides the CPU clock. If the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low-speed
on-chip oscillator on) or the HRA00 bit in the HRA0 register is set to 1 (high-speed on-chip oscillator
on), fRING and fRING128 can be used as timers X and C. When the HRA00 bit is set to 1, fRING-
fast can be used as timer C. When the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator on), fRING-
S can be used for the watchdog timer and voltage detection circuit.
10.4.1.3 High-Speed and Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Modes
The on-chip oscillator clock divided by 1 (no division), 2, 4, 8, or 16 provides the CPU clock. The on-
chip oscillator clock is also the clock source for the peripheral function clocks. When the HRA00 bit is
set to 1, fRING-fast can be used as timer C. When the CM14 bit is set to 0 (low-speed on-chip
oscillator on), fRING-S can be used for the watchdog timer and voltage detection circuit.
10.4.2 Wait Mode
Since the CPU clock stops in wait mode, the CPU, which operates using the CPU clock and the
watchdog timer when count source protection mode is disabled stop. The main clock and on-chip
oscillator clock do not stop and the peripheral functions using these clocks continue operating.
10.4.2.1 Peripheral Function Clock Stop Function
If the CM02 bit is set to 1 (peripheral function clock stops in wait mode), the f1, f2, f4, f8, and f32
clocks stop in wait mode. This reduces power consumption.
10.4.2.2 Entering Wait Mode
The MCU enters wait mode when the WAIT instruction is executed.
10.4.2.3 Pin Status in Wait Mode
The status before wait mode was entered is maintained.
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.4.2.4 Exiting Wait Mode
The MCU exits wait mode by a hardware reset or a peripheral function interrupt. To use a hardware
reset to exit wait mode, set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 for the peripheral function interrupts to 000b
(interrupts disabled) before executing the WAIT instruction.
The peripheral function interrupts are affected by the CM02 bit. When the CM02 bit is set to 0
(peripheral function clock does not stop in wait mode), all peripheral function interrupts can be used
to exit wait mode. When the CM02 bit is set to 1 (peripheral function clock stops in wait mode), the
peripheral functions using the peripheral function clock stop operating and the peripheral functions
operated by external signals can be used to exit wait mode.
Table 10.3 lists Interrupts to Exit Wait Mode and Usage Conditions.
To use a peripheral function interrupt to exit wait mode, set up the following before executing the
WAIT instruction.
(1) Set the interrupt priority level in bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in the interrupt control registers of the
peripheral function interrupts to be used for exiting wait mode. Set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 of the
peripheral function interrupts that are not to be used for exiting wait mode to 000b (interrupt
disabled).
(2) Set the I flag to 1.
(3) Operate the peripheral function to be used for exiting wait mode.
When exiting by a peripheral function interrupt, the interrupt sequence is executed when an interrupt
request is generated and the CPU clock supply is started.
The CPU clock, when exiting wait mode by a peripheral function interrupt, is the same clock as the
CPU clock when the WAIT instruction is executed.
Table 10.3
Interrupts to Exit Wait Mode and Usage Conditions
Interrupt
CM02 = 0
Usable when operating with
internal or external clock
Usable
CM02 = 1
Usable when operating with
external clock
Serial interface interrupt
Key input interrupt
Usable
Comparator conversion interrupt Usable in one-shot mode
(Do not use)
Timer X interrupt
Timer Z interrupt
Timer C interrupt
Usable in all modes
Usable in all modes
Usable in all modes
Usable
Usable in event counter mode
(Do not use)
(Do not use)
INT interrupt
Usable (INT0 and INT3 can be
used if there is no filter.)
Usable
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt
Oscillation stop detection
interrupt
Usable
Usable
(Do not use)
Watchdog timer interrupt
Usable in count source protect Usable in count source protect
mode mode
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.4.3 Stop Mode
Since the oscillator circuits stop in stop mode, the CPU clock and peripheral function clock stop and
the CPU and peripheral functions that use these clocks stop operating. The least power required to
operate the MCU is in stop mode. If the voltage applied to the VCC pin is VRAM or more, the
contents of internal RAM is maintained.
The peripheral functions clocked by external signals continue operating. Table 10.4 lists Interrupts to
Exit Stop Mode and Usage Conditions.
Table 10.4
Interrupts to Exit Stop Mode and Usage Conditions
Interrupt Usage Conditions
Key input interrupt
−
INT0 to INT1 interrupts
INT3 interrupt
INT0 can be used if there is no filter.
No filter. Interrupt request is generated at INT3 input (TCC06 bit in
TCC0 register is set to 1).
Timer X interrupt
When external pulse is counted in event counter mode.
When external clock is selected.
Serial interface interrupt
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt
Usable in digital filter disabled mode (VW2C1 bit in VW2C register
is set to 1)
10.4.3.1 Entering Stop Mode
The MCU enters stop mode when the CM10 bit in the CM1 register is set to 1 (all clocks stop). At the
same time, the CM06 bit in the CM0 register is set to 1 (Divide-by-8 mode) and the CM15 bit in the
CM10 register is set to 1 (main clock oscillation circuit drive capacity high).
When using stop mode, set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled)
before entering stop mode.
10.4.3.2 Pin Status in Stop Mode
The status before wait mode was entered is maintained.
However, when the CM13 bit in the CM1 register is set to 1 (XIN-XOUT pins), the XOUT(P4_7) pin is
held “H”. When the CM13 bit is set to 0 (input ports P4_6 and P4_7), the P4_7(XOUT) pin is held in
input status.
10.4.3.3 Exiting Stop Mode
The MCU exits stop mode by a hardware reset or peripheral function interrupt.
When using a hardware reset to exit stop mode, set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 for the peripheral function
interrupts to 000b (interrupts disabled) before setting the CM10 bit to 1.
When using a peripheral function interrupt to exit stop mode, set up the following before setting the
CM10 bit to 1.
(1) Set the interrupt priority level in bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 of the peripheral function interrupts to be
used for exiting stop mode. Set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 of the peripheral function interrupts that are
not to be used for exiting stop mode to 000b (interrupt disabled).
(2) Set the I flag to 1.
(3) Operate the peripheral function to be used for exiting stop mode.
When exiting by a peripheral function interrupt, the interrupt sequence is executed when an interrupt
request is generated and the CPU clock supply is started.
The CPU clock, when exiting stop mode by a peripheral function interrupt, is the Divide-by-8 of the
clock which was used before stop mode was entered.
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
Figure 10.8 shows the State Transitions in Power Control.
Reset
Low-speed on-chip
oscillator mode
OCD2 = 1
HRA01 = 0
CM14 = 0
There are six power control modes.
(1) High-speed mode
(2) Medium-speed mode
(3) High-speed on-chip oscillator mode
(4) Low-speed on-chip oscillator mode
(5) Wait mode
High-speed mode,
medium-speed mode
(6) Stop mode
OCD2 = 0
CM05 = 0
CM13 = 1
High-speed on-chip
oscillator mode
OCD2 = 1
CM05: Bit in CM0 register
CM10, CM13, CM14: Bits in CM1 register
OCD2: Bit in OCD register
HRA01 = 1
HRA00, HRA01: Bits in HRA0 register
HRA00 = 1
WAIT
instruction
CM10 = 1
(all oscillators stop)
Interrupt
Interrupt
Wait mode
Stop mode
Figure 10.8
State Transitions in Power Control
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.5 Oscillation Stop Detection Function
The oscillation stop detection function detects the stop of the main clock oscillation circuit. The
oscillation stop detection function can be enabled and disabled by bits OCD1 to OCD0 in the OCD
register.
Table 10.5 lists the Specifications of Oscillation Stop Detection Function.
When the main clock is the CPU clock source and bits OCD1 to OCD0 are set to 11b (oscillation stop
detection function enabled), the system is placed in the following state if the main clock stops.
• OCD2 bit in OCD register = 1 (on-chip oscillator clock selected)
• OCD3 bit in OCD register = 1 (main clock stops)
• CM14 bit in CM1 register = 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator oscillates)
• Oscillation stop detection interrupt request is generated.
Table 10.5
Specifications of Oscillation Stop Detection Function
Item Specification
Oscillation stop detection enable clock f(XIN) ≥ 2 MHz
and frequency bandwidth
Enabled condition for oscillation stop
detection function
Set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 11b (oscillation stop detection
function enabled).
Operation at oscillation stop detection
Oscillation stop detection interrupt is generated
10.5.1 How to Use Oscillation Stop Detection Function
• The oscillation stop detection interrupt shares a vector with the voltage monitor 2 interrupt, and
the watchdog timer interrupt. When using the oscillation stop detection interrupt and watchdog
timer interrupt, the interrupt source needs to be determined. Table 10.6 lists Determining Interrupt
Source for Oscillation Stop Detection, Watchdog Timer, and Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupts.
• When the main clock restarts after oscillation stop, switch the main clock to the clock source of
the CPU clock and peripheral functions by a program.
• Figure 10.9 shows the Procedure for Switching Clock Source from Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator
to Main Clock.
• To enter wait mode while using the oscillation stop detection function, set the CM02 bit to 0
(peripheral function clock does not stop in wait mode).
• Since the oscillation stop detection function is a function for cases where the main clock is
stopped by an external cause, set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function
disabled) when the main clock stops or is started by a program, (stop mode is selected or the
CM05 bit is changed).
• This function cannot be used when the main clock frequency is 2 MHz or below. In this case, set
bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled).
• To use the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock for the CPU clock and clock sources of peripheral
functions after detecting the oscillation stop, set the HRA01 bit in the HRA0 register to 0 (low-
speed on-chip oscillator selected) and bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 11b (oscillation stop detection
function enabled).
To use the high-speed on-chip oscillator clock for the CPU clock and clock sources of peripheral
functions after detecting the oscillation stop, set the HRA01 bit to 1 (high-speed on-chip oscillator
selected) and bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 11b (oscillation stop detection function enabled).
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
Table 10.6
Determining Interrupt Source for Oscillation Stop Detection, Watchdog Timer, and
Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupts
Generated Interrupt Source
Oscillation stop detection
((a) or (b))
Bit Showing Interrupt Cause
(a) OCD3 bit in OCD register = 1
(b) Bits OCD1 to OCD0 in OCD register = 11b and OCD2 bit = 1
VW2C3 bit in VW2C register = 1
Watchdog timer
Voltage monitor 2
VW2C2 bit in VW2C register = 1
Switch to main clock
Determine OCD3 bit
1 (main clock stops)
0 (main clock oscillates)
Judge several times
Determine several times that the main clock is supplied
Set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b
(oscillation stop detection function
disabled)
Set OCD2 bit to 0
(select main clock)
End
OCD3 to OCD0: Bits in OCD register
Figure 10.9
Procedure for Switching Clock Source from Low-Speed On-Chip Oscillator to Main
Clock
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10. Clock Generation Circuit
10.6 Notes on Clock Generation Circuit
10.6.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode
When entering stop mode or wait mode, an instruction queue pre-reads 4 bytes from the WAIT
instruction or an instruction that sets the CM10 bit in the CM1 register to 1 (stops all clocks) before the
program stops. Therefore, insert at least four NOPs after the WAIT instruction or an instruction that
sets the CM10 bit to 1.
10.6.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function
Since the oscillation stop detection function cannot be used if the main clock frequency is below 2
MHz, set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled) in this case.
10.6.3 Oscillation Circuit Constants
Ask the manufacturer of the oscillator to specify the best oscillation circuit constants for your system.
10.6.4 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock
The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency may be changed up to 10%(1) in flash memory CPU
rewrite mode during auto-program operation or auto-erase operation.
The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency after auto-program operation ends or auto-erase
operation ends is held the state before the program command or block erase command is generated.
Also, this note is not applicable when the read array command, read status register command, or
clear status register command is generated. The application products must be designed with careful
considerations for the frequency change.
NOTE:
1. Change ratio to 8 MHz frequency adjusted in shipping.
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11.Protection
11. Protection
The protection function protects important registers from being easily overwritten when a program runs out
of control. Figure 11.1 shows the PRCR Register. The registers protected by the PRCR register are listed
below.
• Registers protected by PRC0 bit: Registers CM0, CM1, OCD, HRA0, HRA1, and HRA2
• Registers protected by PRC1 bit: Registers PM0 and PM1
• Registers protected by PRC3 bit: Registers VCA2, VW1C, and VW2C
Protect Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
0
Symbol
PRCR
Address
000Ah
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Protect bit 0
Writing to registers CM0, CM, OCD, HRA0, HRA1,
and HRA2 is enabled.
PRC0
PRC1
0 : Disables w riting
1 : Enables w riting
Protect bit 1
Writing to registers PM0 and PM1 is enabled.
0 : Disables w riting
RW
RW
RW
1 : Enables w riting
—
(b2)
Reserved bit
Protect bit 3
Set to 0.
Writing to registers VCA2, VW1C, and VW2C is
enabled.
PRC3
0 : Disables w riting
1 : Enables w riting
—
(b5-b4)
Reserved bits
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
RO
—
(b7-b6)
When read, the content is 0.
Figure 11.1
PRCR Register
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12.Interrupts
12. Interrupts
12.1 Interrupt Overview
12.1.1 Types of Interrupts
Figure 12.1 shows the types of Interrupts.
Undefined instruction (UND instruction)
Overflow (INTO instruction)
BRK instruction
INT instruction
Software
(non-maskable interrupts)
Interrupt
Watchdog timer
Oscillation stop detection
Voltage monitor 2
Single step(2)
Special
(non-maskable interrupts)
Hardware
Address match
Peripheral Function(1)
(maskable interrupts)
NOTES:
1. Peripheral function interrupts in the MCU are used to generate peripheral interrupts.
2. Do not use this interrupt. This is for use with development tools only.
Figure 12.1
Interrupts
• Maskable interrupts:
The interrupt enable flag (I flag) enables or disables these interrupts.
The interrupt priority order can be changed based on the interrupt
priority level.
• Non-maskable interrupts: The interrupt enable flag (I flag) does not enable or disable interrupts.
The interrupt priority order cannot be changed based on interrupt
priority level.
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12.Interrupts
12.1.2 Software Interrupts
A software interrupt is generated when an instruction is executed. Software interrupts are non-
maskable.
12.1.2.1 Undefined Instruction Interrupt
The undefined instruction interrupt is generated when the UND instruction is executed.
12.1.2.2 Overflow Interrupt
The overflow interrupt is generated when the O flag is set to 1 (arithmetic operation overflow) and the
INTO instruction is executed. Instructions that set the O flag are: ABS, ADC, ADCF, ADD, CMP, DIV,
DIVU, DIVX, NEG, RMPA, SBB, SHA, and SUB.
12.1.2.3 BRK Interrupt
A BRK interrupt is generated when the BRK instruction is executed.
12.1.2.4 INT Instruction Interrupt
An INT instruction interrupt is generated when the INT instruction is executed. The INT instruction
can select software interrupt numbers 0 to 63. Software interrupt numbers 4 to 31 are assigned to the
peripheral function interrupt. Therefore, the MCU executes the same interrupt routine when the INT
instruction is executed as when a peripheral function interrupt is generated. For software interrupt
numbers 0 to 31, the U flag is saved to the stack during instruction execution and the U flag is set to
0 (ISP selected) before the interrupt sequence is executed. The U flag is restored from the stack
when returning from the interrupt routine. For software interrupt numbers 32 to 63, the U flag does
not change state during instruction execution, and the selected SP is used.
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12.Interrupts
12.1.3 Special Interrupts
Special interrupts are non-maskable.
12.1.3.1 Watchdog Timer Interrupt
The watchdog timer interrupt is generated by the watchdog timer. Reset the watchdog timer after the
watchdog timer interrupt is generated. For details, refer to 13. Watchdog Timer.
12.1.3.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Interrupt
The oscillation stop detection interrupt is generated by the oscillation stop detection function. For
details of the oscillation stop detection function, refer to 10. Clock Generation Circuit.
12.1.3.3 Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt
The voltage monitor 2 interrupt is generated by the voltage detection circuit. For details of the voltage
detection circuit, refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit.
12.1.3.4 Single-Step Interrupt, and Address Break Interrupt
Do not use these interrupts. They are for use by development tools only.
12.1.3.5 Address Match Interrupt
The address match interrupt is generated immediately before executing an instruction that is stored
at an address indicated by registers RMAD0 to RMAD1 when the AIER0 or AIER1 bit in the AIER
register is set to 1 (address match interrupt enable). For details of the address match interrupt, refer
to 12.4 Address Match Interrupt.
12.1.4 Peripheral Function Interrupt
The peripheral function interrupt is generated by the internal peripheral function of the MCU and is a
maskable interrupt. Refer to Table 12.2 Relocatable Vector Tables for sources of the peripheral
function interrupt. For details of peripheral functions, refer to the descriptions of individual peripheral
functions.
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12.Interrupts
12.1.5 Interrupts and Interrupt Vectors
There are 4 bytes in each vector. Set the starting address of an interrupt routine in each interrupt
vector. When an interrupt request is acknowledged, the CPU branches to the address set in the
corresponding interrupt vector. Figure 12.2 shows an Interrupt Vector.
MSB
LSB
Vector address (L)
Low address
Mid address
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
High address
0 0 0 0
Vector address (H)
Figure 12.2
Interrupt Vector
12.1.5.1 Fixed Vector Tables
The fixed vector tables are allocated addresses 0FFDCh to 0FFFFh. Table 12.1 lists the Fixed Vector
Tables. The vector addresses (H) of fixed vectors are used by the ID code check function. For
details, refer to 17.3 Functions to Prevent Rewriting of Flash Memory.
Table 12.1
Fixed Vector Tables
Vector Addresses
Address (L) to (H)
Undefined instruction 0FFDCh to 0FFDFh
Interrupt Source
Remarks
Reference
Interrupt on UND
instruction
R8C/Tiny Series Software
Manual
Overflow
0FFE0h to 0FFE3h
0FFE4h to 0FFE7h
Interrupt on INTO
instruction
BRK instruction
If the content of address
0FFE7h is FFh, program
execution starts from the
address shown by the
vector in the relocatable
vector table.
Address match
0FFE8h to 0FFEBh
12.4 Address Match
Interrupt
(1)
0FFECh to 0FFEFh
0FFF0h to 0FFF3h
Single step
• Watchdog timer
• Oscillation stop
detection
• 13. Watchdog Timer
• 10. Clock Generation
Circuit
• Voltage monitor 2
• 7. Voltage Detection
Circuit
(1)
0FFF4h to 0FFF7h
0FFF8h to 0FFFBh
0FFFCh to 0FFFFh
Address break
(Reserved)
Reset
5. Resets
NOTE:
1. Do not use these interrupts. They are for use by development tools only.
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12.Interrupts
12.1.5.2 Relocatable Vector Tables
The relocatable vector tables occupy 256 bytes beginning from the starting address set in the INTB
register. Table 12.2 lists the Relocatable Vector Tables.
Table 12.2
Relocatable Vector Tables
(1)
Software
Interrupt Number
Vector Address
Interrupt Source
Reference
Address (L) to Address (H)
+0 to +3 (0000h to 0003h)
(2)
0
1 to 12
13
R8C/Tiny Series
Software Manual
BRK instruction
(Reserved)
Key input
+52 to +55 (0034h to 0037h)
12.3 Key Input Interrupt
16. Comparator
Comparator conversion +56 to +59 (0038h to 003Bh)
(Reserved)
14
15
Compare 1
+64 to +67 (0040h to 0043h)
+68 to +71 (0044h to 0047h)
+72 to +75 (0048h to 004Bh)
+76 to +79 (004Ch to 004Fh)
+80 to +83 (0050h to 0053h)
16
14.3 Timer C
UART0 transmit
UART0 receive
UART1 transmit
UART1 receive
(Reserved)
17
15. Serial Interface
18
19
20
21
Timer X
+88 to +91 (0058h to 005Bh)
22
14.1 Timer X
(Reserved)
23
Timer Z
+96 to +99 (0060h to 0063h)
+100 to +103 (0064h to 0067h)
24
14.2 Timer Z
25
INT1
12.2 INT interrupt
+104 to +107 (0068h to 006Bh)
26
INT3
Timer C
Compare 0
+108 to +111 (006Ch to 006Fh)
+112 to +115 (0070h to 0073h)
+116 to +119 (0074h to 0077h)
27
28
29
14.3 Timer C
INT0
12.2 INT interrupt
(Reserved)
(Reserved)
Software interrupt
30
31
(2)
+128 to +131 (0080h to 0083h) to
+252 to +255 (00FCh to 00FFh)
32 to 63
R8C/Tiny Series
Software Manual
NOTES:
1. These addresses are relative to those in the INTB register.
2. The I flag does not disable these interrupts.
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6 Interrupt Control
The following describes enabling and disabling the maskable interrupts and setting the priority for
acknowledgement. The explanation does not apply to nonmaskable interrupts.
Use the I flag in the FLG register, IPL, and bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in each interrupt control register to
enable or disable maskable interrupts. Whether an interrupt is requested is indicated by the IR bit in
each interrupt control register.
Figure 12.3 shows the Interrupt Control Register and Figure 12.4 shows the INT0IC Register
Interrupt Control Register(2)
Symbol
KUPIC
Address
004Dh
After Reset
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
XXXXX000b
004Eh
ADIC
0050h
CMP1IC
S0TIC, S1TIC
S0RIC, S1RIC
TXIC
0051h, 0053h
0052h, 0054h
0056h
0058h
TZIC
0059h
INT1IC
005Ah
INT3IC
005Bh
TCIC
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
CMP0IC
005Ch
XXXXX000b
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
b2 b1 b0
Interrupt priority level select bits
0 0 0 : Level 0 (interrupt disable)
0 0 1 : Level 1
ILVL0
ILVL1
0 1 0 : Level 2
0 1 1 : Level 3
1 0 0 : Level 4
1 0 1 : Level 5
RW
RW
1 1 0 : Level 6
1 1 1 : Level 7
ILVL2
IR
Interrupt request bit
0 : Requests no interrupt
1 : Requests interrupt
RW(1)
—
—
(b7-b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
NOTES:
1. Only 0 can be w ritten to the IR bit. Do not w rite 1.
2. Rew rite the interrupt control register w hen the interrupt request w hich is applicable for the register is not generated.
Ref er to
12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents.
Figure 12.3
Interrupt Control Register
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12.Interrupts
INT0 Interrupt Control Register(2)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
Address
005Dh
After Reset
XX00X000b
Function
INT01C
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
RW
RW
b2 b1 b0
Interrupt priority level select bits
0 0 0 : Level 0 (interrupt disable)
0 0 1 : Level 1
0 1 0 : Level 2
0 1 1 : Level 3
1 0 0 : Level 4
ILVL0
ILVL1
ILVL2
RW
RW
1 0 1 : Level 5
1 1 0 : Level 6
1 1 1 : Level 7
Interrupt request bit
Polarity sw itch bit(4)
Reserved bit
0 : Requests no interrupt.
1 : Requests interrupt.
IR
RW(1)
RW
RW
—
0 : Selects falling edge.
1 : Selects rising edge.(3)
POL
—
(b5)
Set to 0.
—
(b7-b6)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
NOTES:
1. Only 0 can be w ritten to the IR bit. (Do not w rite 1.)
2. Rew rite the interrupt control register w hen the interrupt request w hich is applicable for the register is not generated.
Ref er to
12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents.
3. If the INTOPL bit in the INTEN register is set to 1 (both edges), set the POL bit to 0 (selects falling edge).
4. The IR bit may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the POL bit is rew ritten. Refer to
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt
.
Sources
Figure 12.4
INT0IC Register
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.1 I Flag
The I flag enables or disables maskable interrupts. Setting the I flag to 1 (enabled) enables maskable
interrupts. Setting the I flag to 0 (disabled) disables all maskable interrupts.
12.1.6.2 IR Bit
The IR bit is set to 1 (interrupt requested) when an interrupt request is generated. Then, when the
interrupt request is acknowledged and the CPU branches to the corresponding interrupt vector, the
IR bit is set to 0 (= interrupt not requested).
The IR bit can be set to 0 by a program. Do not write 1 to this bit.
12.1.6.3 Bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 and IPL
Interrupt priority levels can be set using bits ILVL2 to ILVL0.
Table 12.3 lists the Settings of Interrupt Priority Levels and Table 12.4 lists the Interrupt Priority
Levels Enabled by IPL.
The following are conditions under which an interrupt is acknowledged:
• I flag = 1
• IR bit = 1
• Interrupt priority level > IPL
The I flag, IR bit, bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 and IPL are independent of each other. They do not affect one
another.
Table 12.3
Settings of Interrupt Priority
Levels
Table 12.4
Interrupt Priority Levels Enabled by
IPL
ILVL2 to ILVL0 Bits
Interrupt Priority Level
Priority Order
IPL
000b
Enabled Interrupt Priority Levels
Interrupt level 1 and above
Interrupt level 2 and above
Interrupt level 3 and above
Interrupt level 4 and above
Interrupt level 5 and above
Interrupt level 6 and above
Interrupt level 7 and above
All maskable interrupts are disabled
000b
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
111b
Level 0 (interrupt disabled)
−
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Low
001b
010b
011b
100b
101b
110b
High
111b
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.4 Interrupt Sequence
An interrupt sequence is performed between an interrupt request acknowledgement and interrupt
routine execution.
When an interrupt request is generated while an instruction is being executed, the CPU determines
its interrupt priority level after the instruction is completed. The CPU starts the interrupt sequence
from the following cycle. However, for the SMOVB, SMOVF, SSTR, or RMPA instruction, if an
interrupt request is generated while the instruction is being executed, the MCU suspends the
instruction to start the interrupt sequence. The interrupt sequence is performed as indicated below.
Figure 12.5 shows the Time Required for Executing Interrupt Sequence.
(1) The CPU gets interrupt information (interrupt number and interrupt request level) by reading
address 00000h. The IR bit for the corresponding interrupt is set to 0 (interrupt not requested).
(1)
(2) The FLG register is saved to a temporary register in the CPU immediately before entering
the interrupt sequence.
(3) The I, D, and U flags in the FLG register are set as follows:
The I flag is set to 0 (interrupts disabled).
The D flag is set to 0 (single-step interrupt disabled).
The U flag is set to 0 (ISP selected).
However, the U flag does not change state if an INT instruction for software interrupt numbers
32 to 63 is executed.
(1)
(4) The CPU’s internal temporary register is saved to the stack.
(5) The PC is saved to the stack.
(6) The interrupt priority level of the acknowledged interrupt is set in the IPL.
(7) The starting address of the interrupt routine set in the interrupt vector is stored in the PC.
After the interrupt sequence is completed, instructions are executed from the starting address of the
interrupt routine.
NOTE:
1. This register cannot be used by user.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
CPU clock
Address bus
Data bus
RD
Address
0000h
Undefined
SP-2 SP-1 SP-4
SP-3
VEC
VEC+1
VEC+2
PC
Interrupt
information
SP-3
contents
VEC+1
contents
VEC+2
contents
SP-2
SP-1
SP-4
VEC
contents
Undefined
Undefined
contents contents contents
WR
The undefined state depends on the instruction queue buffer. A read cycle occurs when the instruction queue buffer is
ready to acknowledge instructions.
Figure 12.5
Time Required for Executing Interrupt Sequence
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.5 Interrupt Response Time
Figure 12.6 shows the Interrupt Response Time. The interrupt response time is the period between
an interrupt request generation and the execution of the first instruction in the interrupt routine. The
interrupt response time includes the period between interrupt request generation and the completion
of execution of the instruction (refer to (a) in Figure 12.6) and the period required to perform the
interrupt sequence (20 cycles, refer to (b) in Figure 12.6).
Interrupt request is generated. Interrupt request is acknowledged.
Time
Instruction in
interrupt routine
Instruction
Interrupt sequence
(a)
20 cycles (b)
Interrupt response time
(a) Period between interrupt request generation and the completion of execution of an
instruction. The length of time varies depending on the instruction being executed. The
DIVX instruction requires the longest time, 30 cycles (assuming no wait states and that a
register is set as the divisor).
(b) 21 cycles for address match and single-step interrupts.
Figure 12.6
Interrupt Response Time
12.1.6.6 IPL Change when Interrupt Request is Acknowledged
When an interrupt request of a maskable interrupt is acknowledged, the interrupt priority level of the
acknowledged interrupt is set in the IPL.
When a software interrupt or special interrupt request is acknowledged, the level listed in Table 12.5
is set in the IPL. Table 12.5 lists the IPL Value When Software or Special Interrupt Is Acknowledged.
Table 12.5
IPL Value When Software or Special Interrupt Is Acknowledged
Interrupt Source Value Set in IPL
Watchdog timer, oscillation stop detection, voltage monitor 2
Software, address match, single-step, address break
7
Not changed
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.7 Saving a Register
In the interrupt sequence, the FLG register and PC are saved to the stack.
After an extended 16 bits, 4 high-order bits in the PC and 4 high-order (IPL) and 8 low-order bits in
the FLG register, are saved to the stack, the 16 low-order bits in the PC are saved. Figure 12.7
shows the Stack State Before and After Acknowledgement of Interrupt Request.
The other necessary registers are saved by a program at the beginning of the interrupt routine. The
(1)
PUSHM instruction can save several registers in the register bank being currently used with a
single instruction.
NOTE:
1. Selectable from registers R0, R1, R2, R3, A0, A1, SB, and FB.
Stack
Stack
Address
Address
MSB
LSB
MSB
LSB
[SP]
New SP value
m−4
m−3
m−4
m−3
PCL
PCM
m−2
m−1
m
m−2
FLGL
m−1
FLGH
PCH
[SP]
m
SP value before
interrupt is generated
Previous stack contents
Previous stack contents
Previous stack contents
Previous stack contents
PCH
PCM
PCL
: 4 high-order bits of PC
: 8 middle-order bits of PC
: 8 low-order bits of PC
m+1
m+1
FLGH : 4 high-order bits of FLG
FLGL : 8 low-order bits of FLG
Stack state before interrupt request
is acknowledged
Stack state after interrupt request
is acknowledged
NOTE:
1.When executing software number 32 to 63 INT instructions,
this SP is specified by the U flag. Otherwise it is ISP.
Figure 12.7
Stack State Before and After Acknowledgement of Interrupt Request
The register saving operation, which is performed as part of the interrupt sequence, saved in 8 bits at
a time in four steps. Figure 12.8 shows the Register Saving Operation.
.
Stack
Address
Sequence in which
order registers are
saved
[SP]−5
[SP]−4
[SP]−3
(3)
(4)
PCL
PCM
Saved, 8 bits at a time
[SP]−2
[SP]−1
(1)
(2)
FLGL
FLGH
PCH
PCH
PCM
PCL
: 4 high-order bits of PC
: 8 middle-order bits of PC
: 8 low-order bits of PC
[SP]
Completed saving
registers in four
operations.
FLGH : 4 high-order bits of FLG
FLGL : 8 low-order bits of FLG
NOTE:
1. [SP] indicates the initial value of the SP when an interrupt request is acknowledged.
After registers are saved, the SP content is [SP] minus 4. When executing software number 32 to 63
INT instructions, this SP is specified by the U flag. Otherwise it is ISP.
Figure 12.8
Register Saving Operation
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.8 Returning from an Interrupt Routine
When the REIT instruction is executed at the end of an interrupt routine, the FLG register and PC,
which have been saved to the stack, are automatically restored. The program, that was running
before the interrupt request was acknowledged, starts running again.
Restore registers saved by a program in an interrupt routine using the POPM instruction or others
before executing the REIT instruction.
12.1.6.9 Interrupt Priority
If two or more interrupt requests are generated while a single instruction is being executed, the
interrupt with the higher priority is acknowledged.
Set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 to select the desired priority level for maskable interrupts (peripheral
functions). However, if two or more maskable interrupts have the same priority level, their interrupt
priority is resolved by hardware, and the higher priority interrupts acknowledged.
The priority levels of special interrupts, such as reset (reset has the highest priority) and watchdog
timer, are set by hardware. Figure 12.9 shows the Priority Levels of Hardware Interrupts.
The interrupt priority does not affect software interrupts. The MCU jumps to the interrupt routine
when the instruction is executed.
Reset
High
Address break
Watchdog timer
Oscillation stop detection
Voltage monitor 2
Peripheral function
Single step
Address match
Low
Figure 12.9
Priority Levels of Hardware Interrupts
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12.Interrupts
12.1.6.10 Interrupt Priority Judgement Circuit
The interrupt priority judgement circuit selects the highest priority interrupt, as shown in Figure 12.10.
Priority level of each interrupt
Highest
Level 0 (default value)
Compare 0
INT3
Timer Z
Timer X
INT0
Timer C
INT1
UART1 receive
UART0 receive
Compare 1
Comparator conversion
UART1 transmit
UART0 transmit
Priority of peripheral function interrupts
(if priority levels are same)
Key input
IPL
Lowest
Interrupt request level
judgment output signal
Interrupt
request
acknowledged
I flag
Address match
Watchdog timer
Oscillation stop detection
Voltage monitor 2
Figure 12.10 Interrupt Priority Level Judgement Circuit
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12.Interrupts
12.2 INT Interrupt
12.2.1 INT0 Interrupt
The INT0 interrupt is generated by an INT0 input. When using the INT0 interrupt, the INT0EN bit in
the INTEN register is set to 1 (enable). The edge polarity is selected using the INT0PL bit in the
INTEN register and the POL bit in the INT0IC register.
Inputs can be passed through a digital filter with three different sampling clocks.
The INT0 pin is shared with the external trigger input pin of timer Z.
Figure 12.11 shows Registers INTEN and INT0F.
External Input Enable Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
INTEN
Address
0096h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
INT0 input enable bit(1)
Function
RW
RW
____
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
INT0EN
INT0PL
____
INT0 input polarity select bit(2, 3)
0 : One edge
1 : Both edges
RW
RW
—
(b7-b2)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
NOTES:
1. Set the INT0EN bit w hile the INOSTG bit in the PUM register is set to 0 (one-shot trigger disabled).
2. When setting the INT0PL bit to 1 (both edges), set the POL bit in the INT0IC register to 0 (selects falling edge).
3. The IR bit in the INT0IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the INT0PL bit is rew ritten. Refer to
12.5.5
.
Changing Interrupt Sources
______
INT0 Input Filter Select Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
Address
001Eh
After Reset
00h
INT0F
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
_____
b1 b0
INT0 input filter select bits
0 0 : No filter
INT0F0
INT0F1
0 1 : Filter w ith f1 sampling
1 0 : Filter w ith f8 sampling
1 1 : Filter w ith f32 sampling
RW
—
(b2)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
—
—
(b7-b3)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
Figure 12.11 Registers INTEN and INT0F
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12.Interrupts
12.2.2 INT0 Input Filter
The INT0 input contains a digital filter. The sampling clock is selected by bits INT0F1 to INT0F0 in
the INT0F register. The INT0 level is sampled every sampling clock cycle and if the sampled input
level matches three times, the IR bit in the INT0IC register is set to 1 (interrupt requested).
Figure 12.12 shows the Configuration of INT0 Input Filter. Figure 12.13 shows an Operating
Example of INT0 Input Filter.
INT0F1 to INT0F0
= 01b
f1
Sampling clock
= 10b
= 11b
f8
INT0EN
f32
Other than
INT0F1 to INT0F0
= 00b
INT0
INT0 interrupt
Digital filter
(input level
matches 3x)
Port P4_5
direction
register
= 00b
INT0PL = 0
INT0PL = 1
Both edges
detection
circuit
INT0F0, INT0F1: Bits in INT0F register
INT0EN, INT0PL: Bits in INTEN register
Figure 12.12 Configuration of INT0 Input Filter
INT0 input
Sampling
timing
IR bit in
INT0IC register
Set to 0 by a program
This is an operating example in which bits INT0F1 to INT0F0 in the INT0F
register are set to 01b, 10b, or 11b (digital filter enabled).
Figure 12.13 Operating Example of INT0 Input Filter
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12.Interrupts
12.2.3 INT1 Interrupt
The INT1 interrupt is generated by an INT1 input. The edge polarity is selected by the R0EDG bit in
the TXMR register.
When the CNTRSEL bit in the UCON register is set to 0, the INT10 pin becomes the INT1 input pin.
When the CNTRSEL bit is set to 1, the INT11 pin becomes the INT1 input pin.
The INT10 pin is shared with the CNTR00 pin and the INT11 pin is shared with the CNTR01 pin.
Figure 12.14 shows the TXMR Register when INT1 Interrupt is Used.
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Operating mode select bits
0, 1(1)
Function
RW
RW
b1 b0
0 0 : Timer mode or pulse period measurement
mode
TXMOD0
TXMOD1
0 1 : Do not set.
1 0 : Event count mode
1 1 : Pulse w idth measurement mode
RW
____
0 : Rising edge
1 : Falling edge
INT1/CNTR0 polarity sw itch
bit(2)
R0EDG
TXS
RW
RW
RW
Timer X count start flag(3)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
______
Function varies depending on operating mode.
P3_7/CNTR0 select bit
TXOCNT
Operating mode select
bit 2
0 : Other than pulse period measurement mode
1 : Pulse period measurement mode
TXMOD2
RW
Active edge reception flag
Timer X underflow flag
Function varies depending on operating mode.
Function varies depending on operating mode.
TXEDG
TXUND
RW
RW
NOTES:
____
1. When using INT1 interrupt, select modes other than pulse output mode.
2. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten. Refer to
12.5.5
.
Changing Interrupt Sources
3. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 12.14 TXMR Register when INT1 Interrupt is Used
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12.Interrupts
12.2.4 INT3 Interrupt
The INT3 interrupt is generated by an INT3 input. Set the TCC07 bit in the TCC0 register to 0 (INT3).
When the TCC06 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0, an INT3 interrupt request is generated in
synchronization with the count source of timer C. If the TCC06 bit is set to 1, the INT3 interrupt
request is generated when an INT3 input occurs.
The INT3 input contains a digital filter. The INT3 level is sampled every sampling clock cycle and if
the sampled input level matches three times, the IR bit in the INT3IC register is set to 1 (interrupt
requested). The sampling clock is selected by bits TCC11 to TCC10 in the TCC1 register. If filter is
selected, the interrupt request is generated in synchronization with the sampling clock, even if the
TCC06 bit is set to 1. The P3_3 bit in the P3 register indicates the value before filtering regardless of
the contents set in bits TCC11 to TCC10.
The INT3 pin is used with the TCIN pin.
If the TCC07 bit is set to 1 (fRING128), the INT3 interrupt is generated by the fRING128 clock. The
IR bit in the INT3IC register is set to 1 (interrupt requested) every fRING128 clock cycle or every half
fRING128 clock cycle.
Figure 12.15 shows the TCC0 Register and Figure 12.16 shows the TCC1 Register.
Timer C Control Register 0
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
TCC0
Address
009Ah
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Timer C count start bit
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TCC00
TCC01
Timer C count source select
bits(1)
b2 b1
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : f32
1 1 : fRING-fast
RW
RW
RW
TCC02
TCC03
TCC04
_____
b4 b3
INT3 interrupt and capture
0 0 : Rising edge
0 1 : Falling edge
1 0 : Both edges
1 1 : Do not set.
polarity select bits(1, 2)
RW
RW
—
(b5)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
____
____
INT3 interrupt request
0 : INT3 interrupt is generated in
synchronization w ith timer C count source.
generation timing select
bit(2, 3)
____
TCC06
RW
RW
1 : INT3 interrupt is generated w hen
____
INT3 interrupt is input.(4)
____
____
INT3 interrupt and capture
input sw itch bit(1, 2)
0 : INT3
TCC07
1 : fRING128
NOTES:
1. Change this bit w hen the TCC00 bit is set to 0 (count stops).
2. The IR bit in the INT3IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the TCC03, TCC04, TCC06, or TCC07 bit is
rew ritten. Refer to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
____
3. When the TCC13 bit is set to 1 (output compare mode) and an INT3 interrupt is input, regardless of the setting
value of the TCC06 bit, an interr_u_p__t request is generated.
____
4. When using the INT3 filter, the INT3 interrupt is generated in synchronization w ith the clock for the digital filter.
Figure 12.15 TCC0 Register
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Timer C Control Register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
Address
009Bh
After Reset
00h
TCC1
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
INT3 filter select bits(1)
Function
RW
RW
____
b1b0
TCC10
TCC11
0 0 : No filter
0 1 : Filter w ith f1 sampling
1 0 : Filter w ith f8 sampling
1 1 : Filter w ith f32 sampling
RW
RW
RW
Timer C counter reload select 0 : No reload
bit(2, 3)
1 : Set TC register to 0000h w hen compare 1
is matched.
TCC12
TCC13
Compare 0/capture select bit 0 : Capture select (input capture mode)(2)
1 : Compare 0 output select
(output compare mode)
Compare 0 output mode select
bits(3)
b5 b4
0 0 : CMPoutput remains unchanged even
w hen compare 0 is matched.
0 1 : CMPoutput is reversed w hen compare
0 signal is matched.
TCC14
TCC15
TCC16
TCC17
RW
RW
RW
RW
1 0 : CMPoutput is set to “L” w hen compare
0 signal is matched.
1 1 : CMPoutput is set to “H” w hen compare
0 signal is matched.
Compare 1 output mode select
bits(3)
b7 b6
0 0 : CMPoutput remains unchanged even
w hen compare 1 is matched.
0 1 : CMPoutput is reversed w hen compare
1 signal is matched.
1 0 : CMPoutput is set to “L” w hen compare
1 signal is matched.
1 1 : CMPoutput is set to “H” w hen compare
1 signal is matched.
NOTES:
1.
____
When the same value fromthe INT3 pin is sampled three times continuously, the input is determined.
2. When the TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (count stops), rew rite the TCC13 bit.
3. When the TCC13 bit is set to 0 (input capture mode), set bits TCC12 and TCC14 to TCC17 to 0.
Figure 12.16 TCC1 Register
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12.Interrupts
12.3 Key Input Interrupt
A key input interrupt request is generated by one of the input edges of pins K10 to K13. The key input
interrupt can be used as a key-on wake-up function to exit wait or stop mode.
The KIiEN (i = 0 to 3) bit in the KIEN register can select whether or not the pins are used as KIi input.
The KIiPL bit in the KIEN register can select the input polarity.
When “L” is input to the KIi pin, which sets the KIiPL bit to 0 (falling edge), input to the other pins K10 to
K13 is not detected as interrupts. Also, when “H” is input to the KIi pin, which sets the KIiPL bit to 1
(rising edge), input to the other pins K10 to K13 is not detected as interrupts.
Figure 12.17 shows a Block Diagram of Key Input Interrupt.
PU02 bit in PUR0 register
KUPIC register
Pull-up
transistor
PD1_3 bit in PD1 register
KI3EN bit
PD1_3 bit
KI3PL = 0
KI3
KI3PL = 1
KI2EN bit
Pull-up
transistor
PD1_2 bit
KI2PL = 0
Interrupt control
circuit
Key input interrupt
request
KI2
KI1
KI0
KI2PL = 1
KI1EN bit
PD1_1 bit
Pull-up
transistor
KI1PL = 0
KI1PL = 1
KI0EN, KI1EN, KI2EN, KI3EN,
KI0PL, KI1PL, KI2PL, KI3PL: Bits in KIEN register
PD1_0, PD1_1, PD1_2, PD1_3: Bits in PD1 register
KI0EN bit
PD1_0 bit
Pull-up
transistor
KI0PL = 0
KI0PL = 1
Figure 12.17 Block Diagram of Key Input Interrupt
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12.Interrupts
Key Input Enable Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
KIEN
Address
0098h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
KI0 input enable bit
Function
RW
RW
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
KI0EN
KI0PL
KI1EN
KI1PL
KI2EN
KI2PL
KI3EN
KI0 input polarity select bit
KI1 input enable bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
KI1 input polarity select bit
KI2 input enable bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
KI2 input polarity select bit
KI3 input enable bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
KI3 input polarity select bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
KI3PL
NOTE:
1. The IR bit in the KUPIC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the KIEN register is rew ritten.
Ref er to
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources.
Figure 12.18 KIEN Register
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12.Interrupts
12.4 Address Match Interrupt
An address match interrupt request is generated immediately before execution of the instruction at the
address indicated by the RMADi register (i = 0, 1). This interrupt is used as a break function by the
debugger. When using the on-chip debugger, do not set an address match interrupt (registers of AIER,
RMAD0, and RMAD1 and fixed vector tables) in a user system.
Set the starting address of any instruction in the RMADi register. Bits AIER0 and AIER1 in the AIER0
register can be used to select enable or disable of the interrupt. The I flag and IPL do not affect the
address match interrupt.
The value of the PC (Refer to 12.1.6.7 Saving a Register for the value of the PC) which is saved to the
stack when an address match interrupt is acknowledged varies depending on the instruction at the
address indicated by the RMADi register. (The appropriate return address is not saved on the stack.)
When returning from the address match interrupt, return by one of the following means:
• Change the content of the stack and use the REIT instruction.
• Use an instruction such as POP to restore the stack as it was before the interrupt request was
acknowledged. Then use a jump instruction.
Table 12.6 lists the Values of PC Saved to Stack when Address Match Interrupt is Acknowledged.
Figure 12.19 shows Registers AIER and RMAD0 to RMAD1.
Table 12.6
Values of PC Saved to Stack when Address Match Interrupt is Acknowledged
Address Indicated by RMADi Register (i = 0, 1)
(1)
PC Value Saved
• 16-bit operation code instruction
• Instruction shown below among 8-bit operation code instructions
Address indicated by
RMADi register + 2
ADD.B:S
#IMM8,dest SUB.B:S #IMM8,dest AND.B:S #IMM8,dest
OR.B:S
#IMM8,dest MOV.B:S #IMM8,dest STZ.B:S #IMM8,dest
STNZ.B:S #IMM8,dest STZX.B:S #IMM81,#IMM82,dest
CMP.B:S
JMPS
MOV.B:S
#IMM8,dest PUSHM src
#IMM8 JSRS #IMM8
#IMM,dest (however, dest = A0 or A1)
POPM
dest
• Instructions other than the above
Address indicated by
RMADi register + 1
NOTE:
1. Refer to the 12.1.6.7 Saving a Register for the PC value saved.
Table 12.7
Correspondence Between Address Match Interrupt Sources and Associated Registers
Address Match Interrupt Source Address Match Interrupt Enable Bit Address Match Interrupt Register
Address match interrupt 0
Address match interrupt 1
AIER0
AIER1
RMAD0
RMAD1
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Address Match Interrupt Enable Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
AIER
Address
0009h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Address match interrupt 0 enable bit 0 : Disable
1 : Enable
AIER0
AIER1
Address match interrupt 1 enable bit 0 : Disable
1 : Enable
RW
—
—
(b7-b2)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
Address Match Interrupt Register i (i = 0, 1)
(b23)
b7
(b19)
b3
(b16) (b15)
b0 b7
(b8)
b0 b7
b0
Symbol
RMAD0
RMAD1
Address
0012h-0010h
0016h-0014h
After Reset
X00000h
X00000h
Function
Setting Range
RW
Address setting register for address match interrupt
00000h to FFFFFh
RW
—
—
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
(b7-b4)
Figure 12.19
Registers AIER and RMAD0 to RMAD1
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12.Interrupts
12.5 Notes on Interrupts
12.5.1 Reading Address 00000h
Do not read address 00000h by a program. When a maskable interrupt request is acknowledged, the
CPU reads interrupt information (interrupt number and interrupt request level) from 00000h in the
interrupt sequence. At this time, the acknowledged interrupt IR bit is set to 0.
If address 00000h is read by a program, the IR bit for the interrupt which has the highest priority
among the enabled interrupts is set to 0. This may cause the interrupt to be canceled, or an
unexpected interrupt to be generated.
12.5.2 SP Setting
Set any value in the SP before an interrupt is acknowledged. The SP is set to 0000h after reset.
Therefore, if an interrupt is acknowledged before setting a value in the SP, the program may run out
of control.
12.5.3 External Interrupt and Key Input Interrupt
Either “L” level or “H” level of at least 250 ns width is necessary for the signal input to pins INT0 to
INT3 and pins KI0 to KI3 regardless of the CPU clock.
12.5.4 Watchdog Timer Interrupt
Reset the watchdog timer after a watchdog timer interrupt is generated.
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12.Interrupts
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
The IR bit in the interrupt control register may be set to 1 (interrupt requested) when the interrupt
source changes. When using an interrupt, set the IR bit to 0 (no interrupt requested) after changing
the interrupt source.
In addition, changes of interrupt sources include all factors that change the interrupt sources
assigned to individual software interrupt numbers, polarities, and timing. Therefore, if a mode change
of a peripheral function involves interrupt sources, edge polarities, and timing, set the IR bit to 0 (no
interrupt requested) after the change. Refer to the individual peripheral function for its related
interrupts.
Figure 12.20 shows an Example of Procedure for Changing Interrupt Sources.
Interrupt source change
Disable interrupts(2, 3)
Change interrupt source (including mode
of peripheral function)
Set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) using
the MOV instruction(3)
Enable interrupts(2, 3)
Change completed
IR bit: The interrupt control register bit of an
interrupt whose source is changed.
NOTES:
1. Execute the above settings individually. Do not execute
two or more settings at once (by one instruction).
2. Use the I flag for the INTi (i = 0 to 3) interrupts.
To prevent interrupt requests from being generated when
using peripheral function interrupts other than the INTi
interrupt, disable the peripheral function before changing
the interrupt source. In this case, use the I flag if all
maskable interrupts can be disabled. If all maskable
interrupts cannot be disabled, use bits ILVL0 to ILVL2 of
the interrupt whose source is changed.
3. Refer to 12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register
Contents for the instructions to be used and usage notes.
Figure 12.20 Example of Procedure for Changing Interrupt Sources
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12.Interrupts
12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents
(a) The contents of an interrupt control register can only be changed while no interrupt requests
corresponding to that register are generated. If interrupt requests may be generated, disable
interrupts before changing the interrupt control register contents.
(b) When changing the contents of an interrupt control register after disabling interrupts, be
careful to choose appropriate instructions.
Changing any bit other than IR bit
If an interrupt request corresponding to a register is generated while executing the instruction,
the IR bit may not be set to 1 (interrupt requested), and the interrupt request may be ignored.
If this causes a problem, use the following instructions to change the register: AND, OR,
BCLR, BSET
Changing IR bit
If the IR bit is set to 0 (interrupt not requested), it may not be set to 0 depending on the
instruction used. Therefore, use the MOV instruction to set the IR bit to 0.
(c) When disabling interrupts using the I flag, set the I flag as shown in the sample programs
below. Refer to (b) regarding changing the contents of interrupt control registers by the sample
programs.
Sample programs 1 to 3 are for preventing the I flag from being set to 1 (interrupts enabled) before
the interrupt control register is changed for reasons of the internal bus or the instruction queue buffer.
Example 1: Use NOP instructions to prevent I flag from being set to 1 before interrupt control
register is changed
INT_SWITCH1:
FCLR
I
; Disable interrupts
AND.B #00H,0056H
NOP
NOP
; Set TXIC register to 00h
;
FSET
I
; Enable interrupts
Example 2: Use dummy read to delay FSET instruction
INT_SWITCH2:
FCLR
AND.B #00H,0056H
MOV.W MEM,R0
I
; Disable interrupts
; Set TXIC register to 00h
; Dummy read
FSET
I
; Enable interrupts
Example 3: Use POPC instruction to change I flag
INT_SWITCH3:
PUSHC FLG
FCLR
I
; Disable interrupts
AND.B #00H,0056H
POPC FLG
; Set TXIC register to 00h
; Enable interrupts
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13. Watchdog Timer
13. Watchdog Timer
The watchdog timer is a function that detects when a program is out of control. Use of the watchdog timer is
recommended to improve the reliability of the system. The watchdog timer contains a 15-bit counter and
allows selection of count source protection mode enable or disable. Table 13.1 lists information on the
Count Source Protection Mode.
Refer to 5.5 Watchdog Timer Reset for details on the watchdog timer reset.
Figure 13.1 shows the Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer and Figures 13.2 to 13.3 show Registers OFS,
WDC, WDTR, WDTS, and CSPR.
Table 13.1
Count Source Protection Mode
Count Source Protection Mode
Disabled
Count Source Protection Mode
Enabled
Item
Count source
CPU clock
Low-speed on-chip oscillator
clock
Count operation
Decrement
Reset condition of watchdog timer • Reset
• Write 00h to the WDTR register before writing FFh
• underflow
Count start condition
Either of the following can be selected
• After reset, count starts automatically
• Count starts by writing to WDTS register
Count stop condition
Stop mode, wait mode
Watchdog timer interrupt or
watchdog timer reset
None
Operation at time of underflow
Watchdog timer reset
Prescaler
WDC7 = 0
1/16
CSPRO = 0
PM12 = 0
Watchdog timer
interrupt request
CPU clock
1/128
Watchdog timer
WDC7 = 1
PM12 = 1
Watchdog
timer reset
fRING-S
CSPRO = 1
Set to
7FFFh(1)
Write to WDTR register
Internal
reset signal
CSPRO: Bit in CSPR register
WDC7: Bit in WDC register
PM12: Bit in PM1 register
NOTE:
1. When the CSPRO bit is set to 1 (count source protection mode enabled), 0FFFh is set.
Figure 13.1
Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
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13. Watchdog Timer
Option Function Select Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1
1
Symbol
OFS
Address
0FFFFh
Before Shipment
FFh(2)
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
Watchdog timer start
select bit
0 : Starts w atchdog timer automatically after reset.
1 : Watchdog timer is inactive after reset.
WDTON
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
—
(b1)
Reserved bit
Set to 1.
ROM code protect
disabled bit
0 : ROM code protect disabled
1 : ROMCP1 enabled
ROMCR
ROM code protect bit
0 : ROM code protect enabled
1 : ROM code protect disabled
ROMCP1
—
(b6-b4)
Reserved bits
Set to 1.
Count source protect
0 : Count source protect mode enabled after reset
mode after reset select 1 : Count source protect mode disabled after reset
bit
CSPROINI
RW
NOTES:
1. The OFS register is on the flash memory. Write to the OFS register w ith a program.
2. If the block including the OFS register is erased, FFh is set to the OFS register.
Watchdog Timer Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
Symbol
WDC
Bit Symbol
Address
000Fh
After Reset
00011111b
Function
Bit Name
RW
RO
—
(b4-b0)
High-order bits of w atchdog timer
—
(b5)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
Set to 0.
RW
RW
RW
—
(b6)
Reserved bit
Prescaler select bit
0 : Divided by 16
1 : Divided by 128
WDC7
Figure 13.2
Registers OFS and WDC
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Watchdog Timer Reset Register
13. Watchdog Timer
b7
b0
Symbol
WDTR
Address
000Dh
After Reset
Undefined
Function
When 00h is w ritten before w riting FFh, the w atchdog timer is reset.(1)
RW
The default value of the w atchdog timer is 7FFFh w hen count source protection mode is
disabled and 0FFFh w hen count source protection mode is enabled.(2)
WO
NOTES:
1. Do not generate an interrupt betw een w hen 00h and FFh are w ritten.
2. When the CSPRO bit in the CSPR register is set to 1 (count source protection mode enabled), 0FFFh is set in the
w atchdog timer.
Watchdog Timer Start Register
b7
b0
Symbol
WDTS
Address
000Eh
After Reset
Undefined
Function
The w atchdog timer starts counting after a w rite instruction to this register.
RW
WO
Count Source Protection Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
CSPR
Address
001Ch
After Reset(1)
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b6-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Count source protection mode 0 : Count source protection mode disabled
select bit(2)
1 : Count source protection mode enabled
CSPRO
RW
NOTES:
1. When 0 is w ritten to the CSPROINI bit in the OFS register, the value after reset is 10000000b.
2. Write 0 before w riting 1 to set the CSPRO bit to 1. 0 cannot be set by a program.
Figure 13.3
Registers WDTR, WDTS, and CSPR
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13. Watchdog Timer
13.1 Count Source Protection Mode Disabled
The count source of the watchdog timer is the CPU clock when count source protection mode is
disabled. Table 13.2 lists the Watchdog Timer Specifications (with Count Source Protection Mode
Disabled).
Table 13.2
Watchdog Timer Specifications (with Count Source Protection Mode Disabled)
Item Specification
Count source
Count operation
Period
CPU clock
Decrement
(1)
Division ratio of prescaler (n) × count value of watchdog timer (32768)
CPU clock
n: 16 or 128 (selected by WDC7 bit in WDC register)
Example: When the CPU clock frequency is 16 MHz and prescaler
divides by 16, the period is approximately 32.8 ms.
(2)
Count start conditions
The WDTON bit in the OFS register (0FFFFh) selects the operation of
the watchdog timer after a reset.
• When the WDTON bit is set to 1 (watchdog timer is in stop state after
reset).
The watchdog timer and prescaler stop after a reset and the count
starts when the WDTS register is written to.
• When the WDTON bit is set to 0 (watchdog timer starts automatically
after exiting).
The watchdog timer and prescaler start counting automatically after
reset.
Reset condition of watchdog
timer
• Reset
• Write 00h to the WDTR register before writing FFh.
• Underflow
Count stop condition
Stop and wait modes (inherit the count from the held value after exiting
modes)
Operation at time of underflow • When the PM12 bit in the PM1 register is set to 0.
Watchdog timer interrupt
• When the PM12 bit in the PM1 register is set to 1.
Watchdog timer reset (Refer to 5.5 Watchdog Timer Reset.)
NOTES:
1. The watchdog timer is reset when 00h is written to the WDTR register before FFh. The prescaler is
reset after the MCU is reset. Some errors in the period of the watchdog timer may be caused by the
prescaler.
2. The WDTON bit cannot be changed by a program. To set the WDTON bit, write 0 to bit 0 of address
0FFFFh with a flash programmer.
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13. Watchdog Timer
13.2 Count Source Protection Mode Enabled
The count source of the watchdog timer is the low-speed on-chip oscillator clock when count source
protection mode is enabled. If the CPU clock stops when a program is out of control, the clock can still be
supplied to the watchdog timer. Table 13.3 lists the Watchdog Timer Specifications (with Count Source
Protection Mode Enabled).
Table 13.3
Watchdog Timer Specifications (with Count Source Protection Mode Enabled)
Item Specification
Low-speed on-chip oscillator clock
Count source
Count operation
Period
Decrement
Count value of watchdog timer (4096)
Low-speed on-chip oscillator clock
Example: Period is approximately 32.8 ms when the low-speed on-chip
oscillator clock frequency is 125 kHz
(1)
Count start conditions
The WDTON bit in the OFS register (0FFFFh) selects the operation of
the watchdog timer after a reset.
• When the WDTON bit is set to 1 (watchdog timer is in stop state after
reset).
The watchdog timer and prescaler stop after a reset and the count starts
when the WDTS register is written to.
• When the WDTON bit is set to 0 (watchdog timer starts automatically
after reset).
The watchdog timer and prescaler start counting automatically after a
reset.
Reset condition of watchdog • Reset
• Write 00h to the WDTR register before writing FFh.
timer
• Underflow
Count stop condition
None (The count does not stop in wait mode after the count starts. The
MCU does not enter stop mode.)
Operation at time of
underflow
Watchdog timer reset (Refer to 5.5 Watchdog Timer Reset.)
Registers, bits
• When setting the CSPPRO bit in the CSPR register to 1 (count source
(2)
protection mode is enabled) , the following are set automatically
- Set 0FFFh to the watchdog timer
- Set the CM14 bit in the CM1 register to 0 (low-speed on-chip oscillator
on)
- Set the PM12 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (The watchdog timer is reset
when watchdog timer underflows.)
• The following conditions apply in count source protection mode
- Writing to the CM10 bit in the CM1 register is disabled. (It remains
unchanged even if it is set to 1. The MCU does not enter stop mode.)
- Writing to the CM14 bit in the CM1 register is disabled. (It remains
unchanged even if it is set to 1. The low-speed on-chip oscillator does
not stop.)
NOTES:
1. The WDTON bit cannot be changed by a program. To set the WDTON bit, write 0 to bit 0 of address
0FFFFh with a flash programmer.
2. Even if 0 is written to the CSPROINI bit in the OFS register, the CSPRO bit is set to 1. The
CSPROINI bit cannot be changed by a program. To set the CSPROINI bit, write 0 to bit 7 of address
0FFFFh with a flash programmer.
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14.Timers
14. Timers
The MCU has two 8-bit timers with 8-bit prescalers, and a 16-bit timer. The two 8-bit timers with 8-bit
prescalers are timer X and timer Z. These timers contain a reload register to store the default value of the
counter. The 16-bit timer is timer C, and has input capture and output compare functions. All the timers
operate independently. The count source for each timer is the operating clock that regulates the timing of
timer operations such as counting and reloading.
Table 14.1 lists Functional Comparison of Timers.
Table 14.1
Functional Comparison of Timers
Item Timer X
8-bit timer with 8-bit 8-bit timer with 8-bit 16-bit free-run timer
Timer Z
Timer C
Configuration
prescaler (with
reload register)
Decrement
prescaler (with
reload register)
Decrement
(with input capture
and output compare)
Increment
Count
Count sources
• f1
• f2
• f8
• f1
• f2
• f8
• f1
• f8
• f32
• fRING
• Timer X underflow • fRING-fast
Function Timer mode
Pulse output mode
Event counter mode
Provided
Provided
Provided
Provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Pulse width measurement Provided
mode
Pulse period measurement Provided
mode
Not provided
Provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Programmable waveform
generation mode
Not provided
Programmable one-shot
generation mode
Not provided
Not provided
Provided
Programmable wait one-
shot generation mode
Input capture mode
Provided
Not provided
Not provided
CNTR0
Not provided
Not provided
Provided
Provided
TCIN
Output compare mode
Input pin
INT0
Output pin
CNTR0
CNTR0
TZOUT
CMP0_0 to CMP0_2
CMP1_0 to CMP1_2
Timer C interrupt
INT3 interrupt
Compare 0 interrupt
Compare 1 interrupt
Provided
Related interrupt
Timer stop
Timer X interrupt
INT1 interrupt
Timer Z interrupt
INT0 interrupt
Provided
Provided
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14.Timers
14.1 Timer X
Timer X is an 8-bit timer with an 8-bit prescaler.
The prescaler and timer each consist of a reload register and counter. The reload register and counter
are allocated at the same address, and can be accessed when accessing registers PREX and TX (refer
to Tables 14.2 to 14.6 the Specifications of Each Modes).
Figure 14.1 shows a Block Diagram of Timer X. Figures 14.2 and 14.3 show the registers associated
with Timer X.
Timer X has the following five operating modes:
• Timer mode:
The timer counts the internal count source.
• Pulse output mode:
The timer counts the internal count source and outputs pulses
which invert the polarity by underflow of the timer.
• Event counter mode:
The timer counts external pulses.
• Pulse width measurement mode: The timer measures the pulse width of an external pulse.
• Pulse period measurement mode: The timer measures the pulse period of an external pulse.
Data bus
TXCK1 to TXCK0
TXMOD1 to TXMOD0
= 00b
Reload register
Reload register
f1
f8
fRING
f2
= 00b or 01b
= 01b
= 10b
= 11b
= 11b
Counter
Counter
Timer X interrupt
INT1 interrupt
= 10b
PREX register
TX register
CNTRSEL = 1
TXS bit
INT11/CNTR01
INT10/CNTR00
Polarity
switching
TXMOD1 to TXMOD0
bits = 01b
CNTRSEL = 0
R0EDG = 1
R0EDG = 0
Q
Q
Toggle flip-flop
CK
CLR
TXOCNT bit
Write to TX register
Bits TXMOD1 to TXMOD0 = 01b
CNTR0
TXMOD0 to TXMOD1, R0EDG, TXS, TXOCNT: Bits in TXMR register
TXCK0 to TXCK1: Bits in TCSS register
CNTRSEL: Bit in UCON register
Figure 14.1
Block Diagram of Timer X
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14.Timers
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
TXMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Operating mode select bits 0, 1
b1 b0
0 0 : Timer mode or pulse period measurement
mode
0 1 : Pulse output mode
1 0 : Event counter mode
1 1 : Pulse w idth measurement mode
TXMOD0
TXMOD1
RW
____
Function varies depending on operating mode.
INT1/CNTR0 signal
R0EDG
TXS
RW
RW
RW
polarity sw itch bit(1)
Timer X count start flag(2)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
______
Function varies depending on operating mode.
P3_7/CNTR0 select bit
TXOCNT
Operating mode select bit 2
0 : Other than pulse period measurement mode
1 : Pulse period measurement mode
TXMOD2
RW
Active edge judgment flag
Timer X underflow flag
Function varies depending on operating mode.
Function varies depending on operating mode.
TXEDG
TXUND
RW
RW
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
2. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.2
TXMR Register
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Prescaler X Register
14.Timers
b7
b0
Symbol
PREX
Address
008Ch
After Reset
FFh
Mode
Timer mode
Function
Setting Range
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
RW
RW
RW
Counts internal count source.
Counts internal count source.
Counts input pulses from external clock.
Pulse output mode
Event counter mode
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
RW
RW
RW
Pulse w idth
measurement mode
Measures pulse w idth of input pulses from
external clock (counts internal count source).
Pulse period
measurement mode
Measures pulse period of input pulses from
external clock (counts internal count source).
Timer X Register
b7
b0
Symbol
TX
Address
008Dh
After Reset
FFh
Function
Setting Range
RW
RW
Counts underflow of prescaler X
00h to FFh
Timer Count Source Setting Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
0 0
Symbol
TCSS
Address
008Eh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Timer X count source select
bits(1)
b1 b0
TXCK0
TXCK1
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : fRING
1 1 : f2
RW
—
(b3-b2)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
RW
Timer Z count source select
bits(1)
b5 b4
TZCK0
TZCK1
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : Selects timer X underflow .
1 1 : f2
RW
RW
—
(b7-b6)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
NOTE:
1. Do not sw itch count sources during a count operation. Stop the timer count before sw itching count sources.
Figure 14.3
Registers PREX, TX, and TCSS
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14.Timers
14.1.1 Timer Mode
Timer mode, the internally generated count source is counted (refer to Table 14.2 Timer Mode
Specifications). Figure 14.4 shows the TXMR Register in Timer Mode.
Table 14.2
Timer Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, fRING
Count operations
• Decrement
• When the timer underflows, the contents of the reload register are reloaded
and the count is continued.
Divided ratio
1/(n+1)(m+1) n: value set in PREX register, m: value set in TX register
1 (count starts) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
When timer X underflows [timer X interrupt].
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
generation timing
INT10/CNTR00,
INT11/CNTR01
pin functions
Programmable I/O port, or INT1 interrupt input
Programmable I/O port
CNTR0 pin function
Read from timer
Write to timer
The count value can be read out by reading registers TX and PREX.
• When registers TX and PREX are written while the count is stopped, values are
written to both the reload register and counter.
• When registers TX and PREX are written during the count, the value is written
to each reload register of registers TX and PREX at the following count source
input, the data is transferred to the counter at the second count source input,
and the count re-starts at the third count source input.
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Operating mode select bits 0, 1
b1 b0
TXMOD0
TXMOD1
R0EDG
TXS
0 0 : Timer mode or pulse period measurement
mode
RW
RW
____
0 : Rising edge
1 : Falling edge
INT1/CNTR0 signal
polarity sw itch bit(1, 2)
Timer X count start flag(3)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
RW
RW
TXOCNT Set to 0 in timer mode.
TXMOD2 Operating mode select bit 2
0 : Other than pulse period measurement mode RW
TXEDG
TXUND
Set to 0 in timer mode.
Set to 0 in timer mode.
RW
RW
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
____
2. This bit is used to select the polarity of INT1 interrupt in timer mode.
3. Refer to for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.4
TXMR Register in Timer Mode
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14.Timers
14.1.2 Pulse Output Mode
In pulse output mode, the internally generated count source is counted, and a pulse with inverted
polarity is output from the CNTR0 pin each time the timer underflows (refer to Table 14.3 Pulse
Output Mode Specifications). Figure 14.5 shows the TXMR Register in Pulse Output Mode.
Table 14.3
Pulse Output Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, fRING
Count operations
• Decrement
• When the timer underflows, the contents of the reload register are reloaded
and the count is continued.
Divided ratio
1/(n+1)(m+1) n: value set in PREX register, m: value set in TX register
1 (count starts) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
When timer X underflows [timer X interrupt].
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
generation timing
Pulse output
INT10/CNTR00
pin function
Programmable I/O port, or inverted output of CNTR0
CNTR0 pin function
The count value can be read out by reading registers TX and PREX.
Read from timer
Write to timer
• When registers TX and PREX are written while the count is stopped, values
are written to both the reload register and counter.
• When registers TX and PREX are written during the count, the value is written
to each reload register of registers TX and PREX at the following count source
input, the data is transferred to the counter at the second count source input,
and the count re-starts at the third count source input.
Select functions
• INT1/CNTR0 signal polarity switch function
(1)
The R0EDG bit can select the polarity level when the pulse output starts.
• Inverted pulse output function
The pulse which inverts the polarity of the CNTR0 output can be output from
the CNTR0 pin (selected by TXOCNT bit).
NOTE:
1. The level of the output pulse becomes the level when the pulse output starts when the TX register is
written to.
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14.Timers
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
0 1
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Operating mode select bits 0, 1
b1 b0
TXMOD0
TXMOD1
R0EDG
TXS
0 1 : Pulse output mode
RW
RW
RW
RW
____
0 : CNTR0 signal output starts at “H”.
1 : CNTR0 signal output starts at “L”.
INT1/CNTR0 signal
polarity sw itch bit(1)
Timer X count start flag(2)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
_______
P3_7/CNTR0 select bit
0 : Port P3_7
_______
TXOCNT
1 : CNTR0 output
TXMOD2 Set to 0 in pulse output mode.
RW
RW
RW
TXEDG
TXUND
Set to 0 in pulse output mode.
Set to 0 in pulse output mode.
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
2. Refer to
for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.5
TXMR Register in Pulse Output Mode
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14.Timers
14.1.3 Event Counter Mode
In event counter mode, external signal inputs to the INT1/CNTR0 pin are counted (refer to Table 14.4
Event Counter Mode Specifications). Figure 14.6 shows the TXMR Register in Event Counter
Mode.
Table 14.4
Item
Count source
Event Counter Mode Specifications
Specification
External signal which is input to CNTR0 pin (Active edge is selectable by software)
Count operations
• Decrement
• When the timer underflows, the contents of the reload register are reloaded and the
count is continued.
Divided ratio
1/(n+1)(m+1) n: value set in PREX register, m: value set in TX register
1 (count starts) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
When timer X underflows [timer X interrupt].
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
generation timing
Count source input
(INT1 interrupt input)
INT10/CNTR00,
INT11/CNTR01
pin functions
Programmable I/O port
CNTR0 pin function
Read from timer
Write to timer
The count value can be read out by reading registers TX and PREX.
• When registers TX and PREX are written while the count is stopped, values are written to
both the reload register and counter.
• When registers TX and PREX are written during the count, the value is written to each
reload register of registers TX and PREX at the following count source input, the data is
transferred to the counter at the second count source input, and the count re-starts at the
third count source input.
Select functions
• INT1/CNTR0 signal polarity switch function
The R0EDG bit can select the active edge of the count source.
• Count source input pin select function
The CNTRSEL bit in the UCON register can select the CNTR00 or CNTR01 pin.
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
1 0
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
RW
b1 b0
TXMOD0 Operating mode select bits 0, 1
1 0 : Event counter mode
TXMOD1
____
0 : Rising edge
1 : Falling edge
INT1/CNTR0 signal
R0EDG
RW
RW
polarity sw itch bit(1)
Timer X count start flag(2)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TXS
TXOCNT Set to 0 in event counter mode.
TXMOD2 Set to 0 in event counter mode.
RW
RW
RW
RW
TXEDG
TXUND
Set to 0 in event counter mode.
Set to 0 in event counter mode.
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
2. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.6
TXMR Register in Event Counter Mode
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14.Timers
14.1.4 Pulse Width Measurement Mode
In pulse width measurement mode, the pulse width of an external signal input to the INT1/CNTR0 pin
is measured (refer to Table 14.5 Pulse Width Measurement Mode Specifications). Figure 14.7
shows the TXMR Register in Pulse Width Measurement Mode. Figure 14.8 shows an Operating
Example in Pulse Width Measurement Mode.
Table 14.5
Pulse Width Measurement Mode Specifications
Specification
Item
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, fRING
Count operations
• Decrement
• Continuously counts the selected signal only when the measured pulse is “H”
level, or conversely only “L” level.
• When the timer underflows, the contents of the reload register are reloaded
and the count is continued.
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
1 (count starts) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
• When timer X underflows [timer X interrupt].
• Rising or falling of the CNTR0 input (end of measurement period) [INT1
interrupt]
generation timing
Measured pulse input (INT1 interrupt input)
INT10/CNTR00,
INT11/CNTR01
pin functions
Programmable I/O port
CNTR0 pin function
Read from timer
Write to timer
The count value can be read out by reading registers TX and PREX.
• When registers TX and PREX are written while the count is stopped, values
are written to both the reload register and counter.
• When registers TX and PREX are written during the count, the value is written
to each reload register of registers TX and PREX at the following count source
input, the data is transferred to the counter at the second count source input,
and the count re-starts at the third count source input.
Select functions
• INT1/CNTR0 signal polarity switch function
The R0EDG bit can select “H” or “L” level period for the input pulse width
measurement.
• Measured pulse input pin select function
The CNTRSEL bit in the UCON register can select the CNTR00 or CNTR01
pin.
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14.Timers
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
1 1
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
RW
TXMOD0 Operating mode select bits 0, 1
b1 b0
1 1 : Pulse w idth measurement mode
TXMOD1
____
[CNTR0]
INT1/CNTR0 signal
polarity sw itch bit(1)
0 : Measures “L” level w idth
1 : Measures “H” level w idth
[_IN__T_1_ ]
R0EDG
RW
RW
0 : Rising edge
1 : Falling edge
Timer X count start flag(2)
TXS
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TXOCNT Set to 0 in pulse w idth measurement mode.
TXMOD2 Set to 0 in pulse w idth measurement mode.
RW
RW
RW
RW
TXEDG
TXUND
Set to 0 in pulse w idth measurement mode.
Set to 0 in pulse w idth measurement mode.
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
2. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.7
TXMR Register in Pulse Width Measurement Mode
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14.Timers
n = high level: the contents of TX register, low level: the contents of PREX register
FFFFh
Count start
Underflow
n
Count stop
Count stop
Count start
Period
0000h
Set to 1 by program
1
0
TXS bit in
TXMR register
Measured pulse
(CNTR0i pin input)
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
1
0
IR bit in INT1IC
register
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
1
0
IR bit in TXIC
register
Conditions: “H” level width of measured pulse is measured. (R0EDG = 1)
i = 0 to 1
Figure 14.8
Operating Example in Pulse Width Measurement Mode
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14.Timers
14.1.5 Pulse Period Measurement Mode
In pulse period measurement mode, the pulse period of an external signal input to the INT1/CNTR0
pin is measured (refer to Table 14.6 Pulse Period Measurement Mode Specifications). Figure 14.9
shows the TXMR Register in Pulse Period Measurement Mode. Figure 14.10 shows an Operating
Example in Pulse Period Measurement Mode.
Table 14.6
Pulse Period Measurement Mode Specifications
Item Specification
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, fRING
Count operations
• Decrement
• After an active edge of the measured pulse is input, contents for the read-out
buffer are retained at the first underflow of prescaler X. Then timer X reloads
contents in the reload register at the second underflow of prescaler X and
continues counting.
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
1 (count starts) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TXS bit in the TXMR register.
• When timer X underflows or reloads [timer X interrupt].
• Rising or falling of CNTR0 input (end of measurement period) [INT1 interrupt]
generation timing
(1)
INT10/CNTR00,
INT11/CNTR01
pin functions
Measured pulse input (INT1 interrupt input)
Programmable I/O port
CNTR0 pin function
Read from timer
Contents of the read-out buffer can be read out by reading the TX register. The
value retained in the read-out buffer is released by reading the TX register.
Write to timer
• When registers TX and PREX are written while the count is stopped, values
are written to both the reload register and counter.
• When registers TX and PREX are written during the count, the value is
written to each reload register of registers TX and PREX at the following
count source input, the data is transferred to the counter at the second count
source input, and the count re-starts at the third count source input.
Select functions
• INT1/CNTR0 polarity switch function
The R0EDG bit can select the measurement period for the input pulse.
• Measured pulse input pin select function
The CNTRSEL bit in the UCON register can select the CNTR00 or CNTR01
pin.
NOTE:
1. Input a pulse with a period longer than twice of the prescaler X period. Input a pulse with a longer
“H” and “L” width than the prescaler X period. If a pulse with a shorter period is input to the CNTR0
pin, the input may be ignored.
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14.Timers
Timer X Mode Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 0
0 0
Symbol
TXMR
Address
008Bh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Operating mode select bits 0, 1
b1 b0
TXMOD0
TXMOD1
0 0 : Timer mode or pulse period measurement
mode
RW
RW
RW
____
[CNTR0]
INT1/CNTR0 signal
polarity sw itch bit(1)
0 : Measures measured pulse from one
rising edge to next rising edge.
1 : Measures measured pulse from one
falling edge to next falling edge.
R0EDG
TXS
[_IN__T_1_ ]
0 : Rising edge
1 : Falling edge
Timer X count start flag(3)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TXOCNT Set to 0 in pulse w idth measurement mode.
RW
RW
TXMOD2 Operating mode select bit 2
1 : Pulse period measurement mode
Active edge judgment flag
TXEDG(2)
0 : Active edge not received
1 : Active edge received
RW
RW
Timer X underflow flag
0 : No underflow
1 : Underflow
(2)
TXUND
NOTES:
1. The IR bit in the INT1IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the R0EDG bit is rew ritten.
Ref er to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
2. This bit is set to 0 by w riting 0 in a program (and remains unchanged even if 1 is w ritten to it).
3. Refer to for precautions regarding the TXS bit.
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
Figure 14.9
TXMR Register in Pulse Period Measurement Mode
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Underflow signal of
prescaler X
Set to 1 by program
TXS bit in TXMR
1
register
0
Starts
counting
1
0
CNTR0i pin input
Timer X
reloads
Timer X
reloads
Timer X
reloads
Contents of timer X
0Fh 0Eh 0Fh 0Eh 0Dh 0Ch 0Bh 0Ah 09h 08h 0Fh 0Eh 0Dh
01h 00h 0Fh 0Eh
Retained(7)
08h
Retained(7)
Contents of
read-out buffer1
0Fh
0Eh
0Ah 09h
0Dh
Timer X read(3)
01h 00h 0Fh 0Eh
Timer X read(3)
(2)
(2)
TXEDG bit in
TXMR register
1
0
Set to 0 by program(4)
(Note 6)
TXUND bit in
TXMR register
1
0
Set to 0 by program(5)
IR bit in
TXIC register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
IR bit in INT1IC
register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
Conditions: The period from one rising edge to the next rising edge of the measured pulse is measured (R0EDG = 0)
with the default value of the TX register as 0Fh.
i = 0 to 1
NOTES:
1. The contents of the read-out buffer can be read by reading the TX register in pulse period measurement mode.
2. After an active of edge the measured pulse is input, the TXEDG bit in the TXMR register is set to 1 (active edge found)
when the prescale X underflows for the second time.
3. The TX register should be read before the next active edge is input after the TXEDG bit is set to 1 (active edge found).
The contents in the read-out buffer are retained until the TX register is read. If the TX register is not read before the next active edge is
input, the measured result of the previous period is retained.
4. To set to 0 by a program, use a MOV instruction to write 0 to the TXEDG in the TXMR register. At the same time,
write 1 to the TXUND bit.
5. To set to 0 by a program, use a MOV instruction to write 0 to the TXUND in the TXMR register. At the same time,
write 1 to the TXEDG bit.
6. Bits TXUND and TXEDG are both set to 1 if timer X underflows and reloads on an active edge simultaneously.
In this case, the validity of the TXUND bit should be determined by the contents of the read-out buffer.
7. If the prescaler X underflow signal is “H” level when the CNTR0 active edge is input, the value in the read buffer is the count value at that
point. If the prescaler X underflow signal is “L” level when the CNTR0 active edge is input, the value in the read buffer is the next count
value.
Figure 14.10 Operating Example in Pulse Period Measurement Mode
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14.Timers
14.1.6 Notes on Timer X
• Timer X stops counting after a reset. Set the values in the timer and prescaler before the count
starts.
• Even if the prescaler and timer are read out in 16-bit units, these registers are read 1 byte at a
time by the MCU. Consequently, the timer value may be updated during the period when these
two registers are being read.
• Do not rewrite bits TXMOD0 to TXMOD1, and bits TXMOD2 and TXS simultaneously.
• In pulse period measurement mode, bits TXEDG and TXUND in the TXMR register can be set to
0 by writing 0 to these bits by a program. However, these bits remain unchanged if 1 is written.
When using the READ-MODIFY-WRITE instruction for the TXMR register, the TXEDG or TXUND
bit may be set to 0 although these bits are set to 1 while the instruction is being executed. In this
case, write 1 to the TXEDG or TXUND bit which is not supposed to be set to 0 with the MOV
instruction.
• When changing to pulse period measurement mode from another mode, the contents of bits
TXEDG and TXUND are undefined. Write 0 to bits TXEDG and TXUND before the count starts.
• The TXEDG bit may be set to 1 by the prescaler X underflow generated after the count starts.
• When using the pulse period measurement mode, leave two or more periods of the prescaler X
immediately after the count starts, then set the TXEDG bit to 0.
• The TXS bit in the TXMR register has a function to instruct timer X to start or stop counting and a
function to indicate that the count has started or stopped.
0 (count stops) can be read until the following count source is applied after 1 (count starts) is
written to the TXS bit while the count is being stopped. If the following count source is applied, 1
can be read from the TXS bit. After writing 1 to the TXS bit, do not access registers associated
with timer X (registers TXMR, PREX, TX, TCSS, and TXIC) except for the TXS bit, until 1 can be
read from the TXS bit. The count starts at the following count source after the TXS bit is set to 1.
Also, after writing 0 (count stops) to the TXS bit during the count, timer X stops counting at the
following count source.
1 (count starts) can be read by reading the TXS bit until the count stops after writing 0 to the TXS
bit. After writing 0 to the TXS bit, do not access registers associated with timer X except for the
TXS bit, until 0 can be read from the TXS bit.
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14.Timers
14.2 Timer Z
Timer Z is an 8-bit timer with an 8-bit prescaler. The prescaler and timer each consist of a reload register
and counter. The reload register and counter are allocated at the same address. Refer to the Tables
14.7 to 14.10 for the Specifications of Each Mode. Timer Z contains timer Z primary and timer Z
secondary reload registers.
Figure 14.11 shows a Block Diagram of Timer Z. Figures 14.12 to 14.15 show registers TZMR, PREZ,
TZSC, TZPR, TZOC, PUM, and TCSS.
Timer Z has the following four operating modes:
• Timer mode:
The timer counts an internal count source or timer
X underflows.
• Programmable waveform generation mode:
The timer outputs pulses of a given width
successively.
• Programmable one-shot generation mode:
The timer outputs a one-shot pulse.
• Programmable wait one-shot generation mode: The timer outputs a delayed one-shot pulse.
Data bus
TZSC register
Reload register
TZPR register
Reload register
Reload register
TZCK1 to TZCK0
= 00b
f1
= 01b
f8
Counter
Counter
Timer Z interrupt
= 10b
Timer X underflow
PREZ register
= 11b
f2
TZMOD1 to TZMOD0 = 10b, 11b
TZOS
TZS
INT0 interrupt
Input polarity selected to
be one edge or both edges
INT0
Digital filter
Polarity
select
INT0PL
INT0EN
INOSEG
TZMOD1 to TZMOD0 = 01b, 10b, 11b
TZOUT
TZOPL = 1
Toggle
flip-flop
TZOCNT = 0
Q
Q
CK
CLR
TZOPL = 0
P1_3 bit in P1 register
TZOCNT = 1
Write to TZMR register
TZMOD1 to TZMOD0
= 01b, 10b, 11b
TZOPL, INOSTG: Bits in PUM register
TZCK0 to TZCK1: Bits in TCSS register
INT0EN, INT0PL: Bits in INTEN register
TZMOD0 to TZMOD1, TZS: Bits in TZMR register
TZOS, TZOCNT: Bits in TZOC register
Figure 14.11 Block Diagram of Timer Z
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Timer Z Mode Register
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0080h
After Reset
00h
TZMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z operating mode
bits
b5 b4
0 0 : Timer mode
TZMOD0
TZMOD1
RW
RW
0 1 : Programmable w aveform generation mode
1 0 : Programmable one-shot generation mode
1 1 : Programmable w ait one-shot generation mode
Timer Z w rite control bit Functions varies depending on operating mode.
TZWC
TZS
RW
RW
Timer Z count start flag(1) 0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
NOTE:
1. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TZS bit.
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
Figure 14.12 TZMR Register
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Prescaler Z Register
14.Timers
b7
b0
Symbol
PREZ
Address
0085h
After Reset
FFh
Mode
Function
Counts internal count source or timer X
underflow s.
Setting Range
00h to FFh
RW
RW
Timer mode
Programmable w aveform
generation mode
Counts internal count source or timer X
underflow s.
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
RW
RW
RW
Programmable one-shot
generation mode
Counts internal count source or timer X
underflow s.
Programmable w ait one-shot Counts internal count source or timer X
generation mode underflow s.
Timer Z Secondary Register
b7
b0
Symbol
TZSC
Mode
Address
0086h
After Reset
FFh
Function
Setting Range
RW
—
Disabled
Timer mode
—
Programmable w aveform
generation mode
Counts underflow of prescaler Z.(1)
Disabled
00h to FFh
WO(2)
—
Programmable one-shot
generation mode
—
Programmable w ait one-shot Counts underflow s of prescaler Z (counts
generation mode one-shot w idth).
00h to FFh
WO
NOTES:
1. Each value in the TZPR register and TZSC register is reloaded to the counter alternately and counted.
2. The count value can be read out by reading the TZPR register even w hen the secondary period is being counted.
Timer Z Primary Register
b7
b0
Symbol
TZPR
Mode
Address
0087h
After Reset
FFh
Function
Setting Range
00h to FFh
RW
RW
Counts underflow s of prescaler Z.
Timer mode
Programmable w aveform
generation mode
Counts underflow s of prescaler Z.(1)
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
00h to FFh
RW
RW
RW
Programmable one-shot
generation mode
Counts underflow s of prescaler Z
(counts one-shot w idth).
Programmable w ait one-shot Counts underflow s of prescaler Z
generation mode (counts w ait period).
NOTE:
1. Each value in registers TZPR and TZSC is reloaded to the counter alternately and counted.
Figure 14.13 Registers PREZ, TZSC, and TZPR
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14.Timers
Timer Z Output Control Register(3)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
Address
008Ah
After Reset
00h
TZOC
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Timer Z one-shot start bit(1)
Function
RW
RW
0 : One-shot stops.
1 : One-shot starts.
TZOS
—
(b1)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
RW
RW
—
Timer Z programmable w aveform
generation output sw itch bit(2)
0 : Outputs programmable w aveform.
1 : Outputs value in P1_3 port register.
TZOCNT
—
(b7-b3)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTES:
1. This bit is set to 0 w hen the output of one-shot w aveform is completed. If the TZS bit in the TZMR register w as set to
0 (count stops) to stop the w aveform output during one-shot w aveform output, set the TZOS bit to 0.
2. This bit is enabled only w hen operating in programmable w aveform generation mode.
3. When executing an instruction w hich changes this register w hen the TZOS bit is set to 1 (during count), the TZOS
bit is automatically set to 0 (one-shot stop) if the count is completed w hile the instruction is being executed. If this
causes problems, execute an instruction w hich changes the contents of this register w hen the TZOS bit is set to 0
(one-shot stop).
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
PUM
Address
0084h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b4-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z output level latch
Function varies depending on operating
TZOPL
INOSTG
INOSEG
RW
RW
RW
mode.
____
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger control
0 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger disabled
____
bit (timer Z)(2)
1 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger enabled
0 : Falling edge trigger
1 : Rising edge trigger
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger polarity
select bit (timer Z)(1)
NOTES:
1. The INOSEG bit is enabled only w hen the INT0PL bit in the INTEN register is set to 0 (one edge).
2. Set the INOSTG bit to 1 after setting the INT0EN bit in the INTEN register and the INOSEG bit in the PUM register.
Figure 14.14 Registers TZOC and PUM
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14.Timers
Timer Count Source Setting Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
0 0
Symbol
TCSS
Address
008Eh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Timer X count source select bits(1)
Function
RW
RW
b1 b0
TXCK0
TXCK1
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : fRING
1 1 : f2
RW
—
(b3-b2)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
RW
Timer Z count source select bits(1)
b5 b4
TZCK0
TZCK1
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : Selects Timer X underflow .
1 1 : f2
RW
RW
—
(b7-b6)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
NOTE:
1. Do not sw itch count sources during a count operation. Stop the timer count before sw itching count sources.
Figure 14.15 TCSS Register
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14.Timers
14.2.1 Timer Mode
In timer mode, a count source which is internally generated or timer X underflow is counted (refer to
Table 14.7 Timer Mode Specifications). The TZSC register is not used in timer mode. Figure 14.16
shows Registers TZMR and PUM in Timer Mode.
Table 14.7
Timer Mode Specifications
Item
Count sources
Count operations
Specification
f1, f2, f8, Timer X underflow
• Decrement
• When the timer underflows, it reloads the reload register contents before the
count continues. (When timer Z underflows, the contents of timer Z primary
reload register is reloaded.)
Divided ratio
1/(n+1)(m+1) fi: Count source frequency
n: Value set in PREZ register, m: value set in TZPR register
1 (count starts) is written to the TZS bit in the TZMR register.
0 (count stops) is written to the TZS bit in the TZMR register.
• When timer Z underflows [timer Z interrupt].
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
generation timing
TZOUT pin function
Programmable I/O port
INT0 pin function
Read from timer
Programmable I/O port, or INT0 interrupt input
The count value can be read out by reading registers TZPR and PREZ.
(1)
• When registers TZPR and PREZ are written while the count is stopped,
values are written to both the reload register and counter.
Write to timer
• When registers TZPR and PREZ are written during the count while the TZWC
bit is set to 0 (writing to the reload register and counter simultaneously), the
value is written to each reload register of registers TZPR and PREZ at the
following count source input, the data is transferred to the counter at the
second count source input, and the count re-starts at the third count source
input.
When the TZWC bit is set to 1 (writing to only the reload register), the value is
written to each reload register of registers TZPR and PREZ (the data is
transferred to the counter at the following reload).
NOTE:
1. The IR bit in the TZIC register is set to 1 (interrupt requested) when writing to the TZPR or PREZ
register while both of the following conditions are met.
• TZWC bit in TZMR register is set to 0 (write to reload register and counter simultaneously)
• TZS bit in TZMR register is set to 1 (count starts)
Disable interrupts before writing to the TZPR or PREZ register in the above state.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 122 of 233
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Timer Z Mode Register
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0080h
After Reset
00h
TZMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
b5 b4
TZMOD0 Timer Z operating mode
RW
RW
0 0 : Timer mode
bits
TZMOD1
Timer Z w rite control bit(1) 0 : Write to reload register and counter
1 : Write to reload register only
TZWC
RW
RW
Timer Z count start flag(2)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TZS
NOTES:
1. When the TZS bit is set to 1 (count starts), the setting value in the TZWC bit is enabled. When the TZWC bit is set to
0, timer Z count value is w ritten to both reload register and counter. Timer Z count value is w ritten to the reload
register only w hen the TZWC bit is set to 1. When the TZS bit is set to 0 (count stops), timer Z count value is w ritten
to both reload register and counter regardless of the setting value of the TZWC bit.
2. Refer to
for precautions regarding the TZS bit.
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
PUM
Address
0084h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b4-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z output level latch
Set to 0 in timer mode.
Set to 0 in timer mode.
Set to 0 in timer mode.
TZOPL
INOSTG
INOSEG
RW
RW
RW
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
control bit
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
polarity select bit
Figure 14.16 Registers TZMR and PUM in Timer Mode
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14.Timers
14.2.2 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
In programmable waveform generation mode, the signal output from the TZOUT pin is inverted each
time the counter underflows, while the values in registers TZPR and TZSC are counted alternately
(refer to Table 14.8 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode Specifications). Counting starts
by counting the value set in the TZPR register. Figure 14.17 shows Registers TZMR and PUM in
Programmable Waveform Generation Mode. Figure 14.18 shows an Operating Example of Timer Z in
Programmable Waveform Generation Mode.
Table 14.8
Programmable Waveform Generation Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, timer X underflow
Count operations
• Decrement
• When the timer underflows, it reloads the contents of the primary reload and
secondary reload registers alternately before the count is continued.
Width and period of
output waveform
Primary period: (n+1)(m+1)/fi
Secondary period: (n+1)(p+1)/fi
Period: (n+1){(m+1)+(p+1)}/fi
fi: Count source frequency
n: Value set in PREZ register, m: value set in TZPR register, p: value set in TZSC
register
Count start condition 1 (count starts) is written to the TZS bit in the TZMR register.
Count stop condition 0 (count stops) is written to the TZS bit in the TZMR register.
Interrupt request
generation timing
TZOUT pin function
In half a cycle of count source, after timer Z underflows during the secondary
period (at the same time as the TZOUT output change) [timer Z interrupt].
Pulse output
(To use this pin as a programmable I/O port, select timer mode.)
INT0 pin function
Read from timer
Write to timer
Programmable I/O port, or INT0 interrupt input
(1)
The count value can be read out by reading registers TZPR and PREZ
.
The value written to registers TZSC, PREZ, and TZPR is written to the reload
(2)
register only
Select functions
• Output level latch select function
The TZOPL bit can select the output level during primary and secondary
periods.
• Programmable waveform generation output switch function
When the TZOCNT bit in the TZOC register is set to 0, the output from the
TZOUT pin is inverted synchronously when timer Z underflows. When set to 1,
(3)
the value in the P1_3 bit is output from the TZOUT pin
NOTES:
1. Even when counting the secondary period, the TZPR register may be read.
2. The value set in registers TZPR and TZSC are made effective by writing a value to the TZPR
register. The set values are reflected in the waveform output beginning with the following primary
period after writing to the TZPR register.
3. The TZOCNT bit is enabled by the following.
• When counting starts.
• When a timer Z interrupt request is generated. The contents after the TZOCNT bit is changed are
reflected from the output of the following primary period.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 124 of 233
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Timer Z Mode Register
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0080h
After Reset
00h
TZMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
b5 b4
TZMOD0 Timer Z operating mode bits
TZMOD1
RW
RW
0 1 : Programmable w aveform generation mode
Timer Z w rite control bit
TZWC
Set to 1 in programmable w aveform generation
mode.(1)
RW
RW
Timer Z count start flag(2)
TZS
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
NOTES:
1. When the TZS bit is set to 1 (count starts), the count value is w ritten to the reload register only. When the TZS bit is
set to 0 (count stops), the count value is w ritten to both reload register and counter.
2. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TZS bit.
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
PUM
Address
0084h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b4-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z output level latch
0 : Outputs “H” for primary period.
Outputs “L” for secondary period.
Outputs “L” w hen the timer is stopped.
1 : Outputs “L” for primary period.
Outputs “H” for secondary period.
Outputs “H” w hen the timer is stopped.
TZOPL
RW
____
Set to 0 in programmable w aveform generation
mode.
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
INOSTG
INOSEG
RW
RW
control bit
____
Set to 0 in programmable w aveform generation
mode.
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
polarity select bit
Figure 14.17 Registers TZMR and PUM in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
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14.Timers
Set to 1 by program
1
0
TZS bit in
TZMR register
Count source
Prescaler Z
underflow signal
Timer Z
secondary
reloads
Timer Z
primary
reloads
01h
00h
02h
01h
00h
01h
00h
02h
Contents of timer Z
Set to 0 when interrupt request
is acknowledged, or set by
program
1
0
IR bit in
TZIC register
Set to 0 by program
1
0
TZOPL bit in
PUM register
Waveform
output inverted
Waveform
output starts
Waveform
output inverted
“H”
“L”
TZOUT pin output
Primary period
Secondary period
Primary period
The above applies under the following conditions.
PREZ = 01h, TZPR = 01h, TZSC = 02h
TZOC register TZOCNT bit = 0
Figure 14.18 Operating Example of Timer Z in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
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14.Timers
14.2.3 Programmable One-shot Generation Mode
In programmable one-shot generation mode, one-shot pulse is output from the TZOUT pin by a
program or an external trigger input (input to the INT0 pin) (refer to Table 14.9 Programmable One-
Shot Generation Mode Specifications). When a trigger is generated, the timer starts operating from
the point only once for a given period equal to the set value in the TZPR register. The TZSC register
is not used in this mode. Figure 14.19 shows Registers TZMR and PUM in Programmable One-Shot
Generation Mode. Figure 14.20 shows an Operating Example in Programmable One-Shot
Generation Mode.
Table 14.9
Programmable One-Shot Generation Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Count sources
f1, f2, f8, Timer X underflow
Count operations
• Decrement the value set in the TZPR register
• When the timer underflows, it reloads the contents of the reload register before
the count completes and the TZOS bit is set to 0 (one-shot stops).
• When the count stops, the timer reloads the contents of the reload register
before it stops.
One-shot pulse
output time
(n+1)(m+1)/fi
fi: Count source frequency, n: value set in PREZ register, m: value set in TZPR
register
(1)
Count start conditions
• Set the TZOS bit in the TZOC register to 1 (one-shot starts).
• Input active trigger to the INT0 pin
(2)
Count stop conditions • When reloading completes after the count value is set to 00h.
• When the TZS bit in the TZMR register is set to 0 (count stops).
• When the TZOS bit in the TZOC register is set to 0 (one-shot stops).
Interrupt request
generation timing
In half a cycle of the count source, after the timer underflows (at the same time as
the TZOUT output ends) [timer Z interrupt].
TZOUT pin function Pulse output
(To use this pin as a programmable I/O port, select timer mode.)
INT0 pin function
• When the INOSTG bit in the PUM register is set to 0 (INT0 one-shot trigger
disabled): programmable I/O port or INT0 interrupt input
• When the INOSTG bit in the PUM register is set to 1 (INT0 one-shot trigger
enabled): external trigger (INT0 interrupt input)
Read from timer
Write to timer
The count value can be read out by reading registers TZPR and PREZ.
The value written to registers TZPR and PREZ is written to the reload register
(3)
only
.
Select functions
• Output level latch select function
The TZOPL bit can select the output level of the one-shot pulse waveform.
• INT0 pin one-shot trigger control and polarity select functions
The INOSTG bit can select the trigger as active or inactive from the INT0 pin.
Also, the INOSEG bit can select the active trigger polarity.
NOTES:
1. Set the TZS bit in the TZMR register to 1 (count starts).
2. Set the TZS bit to 1 (count starts), the INT0EN bit in the INTEN register to 1 (enables INT0 input),
and the INOSTG bit in the PUM register to 1 (INT0 one-shot trigger enabled). A trigger which is input
during the count cannot be acknowledged, however an INT0 interrupt request is generated.
3. The set value is reflected at the following one-shot pulse after writing to the TZPR register.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 127 of 233
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Timer Z Mode Register
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0080h
After Reset
00h
TZMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
TZMOD0 Timer Z operating mode
RW
RW
b5 b4
bits
1 0 : Programmable one-shot generation mode
TZMOD1
Timer Z w rite control bit
Set to 1 in programmable one-shot generation
mode.(1)
TZWC
RW
RW
Timer Z count start flag(2)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
TZS
NOTES:
1. When the TZS bit is set to 1 (count starts), the count value is w ritten to the reload register only. When the TZS bit is
set to 0 (count stops), the count value is w ritten to both reload register and counter.
2. Refer to
for precautions regarding the TZS bit.
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
PUM
Address
0084h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b4-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z output level latch
0 : Outputs one-shot pulse “H”.
Outputs “L” w hen the timer is stopped.
1 : Outputs one-shot pulse “L”.
TZOPL
RW
Outputs “H” w hen the timer is stopped.
____
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
0 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger disabled
____
INOSTG
INOSEG
RW
RW
control bit(1)
1 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger enabled
0 : Falling edge trigger
1 : Rising edge trigger
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
polarity select bit(2)
NOTES:
1. Set the INOSTG bit to 1 after the INT0EN bit _in__t_he INTEN register and the INOSEG bit in the PUM register
are set. When setting the INOSTG bit to 1 (INT0 pin one-shot trigger enabled), set bits INT0F0 to INT0F1
____
in the INT0F register. Set the INOSTG bit to 0 (INT0 pin one-shot trigger disabled) after the TZS bit in
the TZMR register is set to 0 (count stops).
2. The INOSEG bit is enabled only w hen the INT0PL bit in the INTEN register is set to 0 (one edge).
Figure 14.19 Registers TZMR and PUM in Programmable One-Shot Generation Mode
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 128 of 233
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14.Timers
Set to 1 by program
1
TZS bit in TZMR
register
0
Set to 0 when
counting ends
Set to 1 by INT0 pin
input trigger
Set to 1 by program
1
0
TZOS bit in TZOC
register
Count source
Prescaler Z
underflow signal
1
0
INT0 pin input
Count
starts
Count
starts
Timer Z
primary
reloads
Timer Z
primary
reloads
01h
00h
01h
00h
01h
Contents of timer Z
Set to 0 when interrupt request is
acknowledged, or set to 0 by
program
1
0
IR bit in TZIC
register
Set to 0 by program
1
0
TZOPL bit in PUM
register
Waveform
output ends
Waveform
output ends
Waveform
output starts
Waveform
output starts
“H”
“L”
TZOUT pin input
The above applies under the following conditions.
PREZ = 01h, TZPR = 01h
TZOPL bit in PUM register = 0, INOSTG bit = 1 (INT0 one-shot trigger enabled)
INOSEG bit = 1 (rising edge trigger)
Figure 14.20 Operating Example in Programmable One-Shot Generation Mode
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14.Timers
14.2.4 Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode
In programmable wait one-shot generation mode, one-shot pulse is output from the TZOUT pin by a
program or an external trigger input (input to the INT0 pin) (refer to Table 14.10 Programmable Wait
One-Shot Generation Mode Specifications). When a trigger is generated, from that point, the timer
outputs a pulse only once for a given length of time equal to the value set in the TZSC register after
waiting for a given length of time equal to the setting value in the TZPR register. Figure 14.21 shows
the Registers TZMR and PUM in Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode. Figure 14.22
shows an Operating Example in Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode.
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14.Timers
Table 14.10 Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode Specifications
Item
Count sources
Count operations
Specification
f1, f2, f8, Timer X underflow
• Decrement the value set in Timer Z primary
• When the count of TZPR register underflows, the timer reloads the
contents of the TZSC register before the count is continued.
• When the count of the TZSC register underflows, the timer reloads the
contents of the TZPR register before the count completes and the TZOS
bit is set to 0.
• When the count stops, the timer reloads the contents of the reload
register before it stops.
Wait time
(n+1)(m+1)/fi
fi: Count source frequency
n: Value set in PREZ register, m: value set in TZPR register
One-shot pulse output time (n+1)(p+1)/fi
fi: Count source frequency
n: Value set in PREZ register, p: value set in TZSC register
(1)
Count start conditions
Count stop conditions
• Set the TZOS bit in the TZOC register to 1 (one-shot starts).
(2)
• Input active trigger to the INT0 pin
• When reloading completes after timer Z underflows during secondary
period.
• When the TZS bit in the TZMR register is set to 0 (count stops).
• When the TZOS bit in the TZOC register is set to 0 (one-shot stops).
Interrupt request generation In half a cycle of the count source after timer Z underflows during
timing
secondary period (complete at the same time as waveform output from the
TZOUT pin) [timer Z interrupt].
TZOUT pin function
Pulse output
(To use this pin as a programmable I/O port, select timer mode.)
INT0 pin function
• When the INOSTG bit in the PUM register is set to 0 (INT0 one-shot
trigger disabled): programmable I/O port or INT0 interrupt input
• When the INOSTG bit in the PUM register is set to 1 (INT0 one-shot
trigger enabled): external trigger (INT0 interrupt input)
Read from timer
Write to timer
The count value can be read out by reading registers TZPR and PREZ.
The value written to registers TZPR and PREZ is written to the reload
(3)
register only
.
Select functions
• Output level latch select function
The output level of the one-shot pulse waveform is selected by the
TZOPL bit.
• INT0 pin one-shot trigger control function and polarity select function
Trigger input from the INT0 pin can be set to active or inactive by the
INOSTG bit. Also, the active trigger's polarity can be selected by the
INOSEG bit.
NOTES:
1. The TZS bit in the TZMR register must be set to 1 (start counting).
2. The TZS bit must be set to 1 (start counting), the INT0EN bit in the INTEN register to 1 (enabling
INT0 input), and the INOSTG bit in the PUM register to 1 (enabling INT0 one-shot trigger). A trigger
which is input during the count cannot be acknowledged, however an INT0 interrupt request is
generated.
3. The set values are reflected at the following one-shot pulse after writing to the TZPR register.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 131 of 233
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Timer Z Mode Register
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Symbol
Address
0080h
After Reset
00h
TZMR
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z operating mode
bits
b5 b4
TZMOD0
TZMOD1
TZWC
TZS
RW
RW
RW
RW
1 1 : Programmable w ait one-shot generation mode
Timer Z w rite control bit
Timer Z count start flag(2)
Set to 1 in programmable w ait one-shot generation
mode.(1)
0 : Stops counting.
1 : Starts counting.
NOTES:
1. When the TZS bit is set to 1 (count starts), the count value is w ritten to the reload register only. When the TZS bit is
set to 0 (count stops), the count value is w ritten to both reload register and counter.
2. Ref er to
for precautions regarding the TZS bit.
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
Timer Z Waveform Output Control Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0
Symbol
PUM
Address
0084h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b4-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Timer Z output level latch
0 : Outputs one-shot pulse “H”.
Outputs “L” w hen the timer is stopped.
1 : Outputs one-shot pulse “L”.
TZOPL
RW
Outputs “H” w hen the timer is stopped.
____
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
0 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger disabled
____
INOSTG
INOSEG
RW
RW
control bit(1)
1 : INT0 pin one-shot trigger enabled
0 : Falling edge trigger
1 : Rising edge trigger
____
INT0 pin one-shot trigger
polarity select bit(2)
NOTES:
1. Set the INOSTG bit to 1 after the INT0EN bit _in__t_he INTEN register and the INOSEG bit in the PUM register
are set. When setting the INOSTG bit to 1 (INT0 pin one-shot trigger enabled), set bits INT0F0 to INT0F1
____
in the INT0F register. Set the INOSTG bit to 0 (INT0 pin one-shot trigger disabled) after the TZS bit in the
TZMR register is set to 0 (count stops).
2. The INOSEG bit is enabled only w hen the INT0PL bit in the INTEN register is set to 0 (one edge).
Figure 14.21 Registers TZMR and PUM in Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 132 of 233
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14.Timers
Set to 1 by program
TZS bit in TZMR
register
1
0
Set to 0 when
counting ends
Set to 1 by program, or set to 1 by INT0 pin
input trigger
TZOS bit in TZOC
register
1
0
Count source
Prescaler Z underflow
signal
1
0
INT0 pin input
Timer Z secondary
reloads
Timer Z primary
reloads
Count starts
01h
00h
02h
01h
00h
01h
Contents of timer Z
Set to 0 when interrupt request is
accepted, or set by program
1
0
IR bit in TZIC
register
Set to 0 by program
TZOPL bit in PUM
register
1
0
Waveform output starts
Waveform output ends
Wait starts
“H”
“L”
TZOUT pin output
The above applies under the following conditions.
PREZ = 01h, TZPR = 01h, TZSC = 02h
PUM register TZOPL bit = 0, INOSTG bit = 1 (INT0 one-shot trigger enabled)
INOSEG bit = 1 (rising edge trigger)
Figure 14.22 Operating Example in Programmable Wait One-Shot Generation Mode
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14.Timers
14.2.5 Notes on Timer Z
• Timer Z stops counting after a reset. Set the values in the timer and prescaler before the count
starts.
• Even if the prescaler and timer are read out in 16-bit units, these registers are read 1 byte at a
time by the MCU. Consequently, the timer value may be updated during the period when these
two registers are being read.
• Do not rewrite bits TZMOD0 to TZMOD1, and the TZS bit simultaneously.
• In programmable one-shot generation mode and programmable wait one-shot generation mode,
when setting the TZS bit in the TZMR register to 0 (stops counting) or setting the TZOS bit in the
TZOC register to 0 (stops one-shot), the timer reloads the value of the reload register and stops.
Therefore, in programmable one-shot generation mode and programmable wait one-shot
generation mode read the timer count value before the timer stops.
• The TZS bit in the TZMR register has a function to instruct timer Z to start or stop counting and a
function to indicate that the count has started or stopped.
0 (count stops) can be read until the following count source is applied after 1 (count starts) is
written to the TZS bit while the count is being stopped. If the following count source is applied, 1
can be read from the TZS bit. After writing 1 to the TZS bit, do not access registers associated
with timer Z (registers TZMR, PREZ, TZSC, TZPR, TZOC, PUM, TCSC, and TZIC) except for the
TZS bit, until 1 can be read from the TZS bit. The count starts at the following count source after
the TZS bit is set to 1.
Also, after writing 0 (count stops) to the TZS bit during the count, timer Z stops counting at the
following count source.
1 (count starts) can be read by reading the TZS bit until the count stops after writing 0 to the TZS
bit. After writing 0 to the TZS bit, do not access registers associated with timer Z except for the
TZS bit, until 0 can be read from the TZS bit.
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14.Timers
14.3 Timer C
Timer C is a 16-bit timer. Figure 14.23 shows a Block Diagram of Timer C. Figure 14.24 shows a Block
Diagram of CMP Waveform Generation Unit. Figure 14.25 shows a Block Diagram of CMP Waveform
Output Unit.
Timer C has two modes: input capture mode and output compare mode. Figures 14.26 to 14.29 show the
Timer C-associated registers.
TCC11 to TCC10
Sampling
clock
= 01b
f1
= 10b
f8
= 11b
Other than
00b
TCC07 = 0
f32
Digital
filter
Edge
detection
INT3/TCIN
INT3 interrupt
= 00b
TCC07 = 1
fRING128
Transfer signal
Higher 8 bits
Lower 8 bits
Capture and compare 0 register
TM0 register
Compare circuit 0
Compare 0 interrupt
Timer C interrupt
TCC02 to TCC01
= 00b
f1
Higher 8 bits
Lower 8 bits
= 01b
f8
= 10b
f32
Counter
TC register
= 11b
fRING-fast
TYC00
TCC12 = 0
TCC12 = 1
Timer C counter reset signal
Compare 1 interrupt
Compare circuit 1
Higher 8 bits
Lower 8 bits
Compare register 1
TM1 register
TCC01 to TCC02, TCC07: Bits in TCC0 register
TCC10 to TCC12: Bits in TCC1 register
Figure 14.23 Block Diagram of Timer C
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14.Timers
TCC14
TCC15
Compare 0 interrupt signal
Compare 1 interrupt signal
TCC16
TCC17
TCC17 to TCC16
= 11b
“H”
“L”
T
Latch
R
CMP output
(internal signal)
D
Q
= 10b
= 01b
Reverse
Reset
TCC15 to TCC14
= 01b
Reverse
“L”
= 10b
= 11b
“H”
TCC14 to TCC17: Bits in TCC1 register
Figure 14.24 Block Diagram of CMP Waveform Generation Unit
PD1_0
TCOUT0
TCOUT6 = 0
CMP output
(internal signal)
TCOUT0 = 1
TCOUT0 = 0
Inverted
TCOUT6 = 1
CMP0_0
P1_0
Register
Bit
TCOUT
P1
TCOUT
CMP0_0 Output
TCOUT0
P1_0
TCOUT6
Setting Value
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
CMP0_0 waveform output
CMP0_0 reversed waveform output
“L” output
“H” output
This diagram is a block diagram of the CMP0_0 waveform output unit.
The CMP0_1 to CMP0_2 and CMP1_0 to CMP1_2 waveform output units have the same configuration.
Figure 14.25 Block Diagram of CMP Waveform Output Unit
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Timer C Register
14.Timers
(b15)
b7
(b8)
b0
b7
b0
Symbol
TC
Address
0091h-0090h
After Reset
0000h
Function
RW
RO
Counts internal count source.
0000h can be read w hen the TCC00 bit is set to 0 (count stops).
Count value can be read w hen the TCC00 bit is set to 1 (count starts).
Capture and Compare 0 Register
(b15)
b7
(b8)
b0
b7
b0
Symbol
TM0
Address
009Dh-009Ch
After Reset
0000h(2)
Mode
Function
RW
RO
When the active edge of the measured pulse is input, store
the value in the TC register
Input capture mode
Mode
Function
Setting Range
RW
RW
Output compare mode(1)
Store the value compared w ith timer C
0000h to FFFFh
NOTES:
1. When setting a value in the TM0 register, set the TCC13 bit in the TCC1 register to 1 (compare 0 output selected).
When the TCC13 bit is set to 0 (capture selected), no value can be w ritten.
2. When the TCC13 bit in the TCC1 register is set to 1, the value is set to FFFFh.
Compare 1 Register
(b15)
b7
(b8)
b0
b7
b0
Symbol
TM1
Address
After Reset
FFFFh
009Fh-009Eh
Mode
Function
Setting Range
RW
RW
Output compare mode
Store the value compared w ith timer C
0000h to FFFFh
Figure 14.26 Registers TC, TM0, and TM1
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Timer C Control Register 0
14.Timers
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
Address
009Ah
After Reset
00h
TCC0
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Timer C count start bit
0 : Stops counting.
TCC00
TCC01
1 : Starts counting.
Timer C count source select
bits(1)
b2 b1
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
0 0 : f1
0 1 : f8
1 0 : f32
1 1 : fRING-fast
TCC02
TCC03
TCC04
____
b4 b3
INT3 interrupt / capture polarity
select bits(1, 2)
0 0 : Rising edge
0 1 : Falling edge
1 0 : Both edges
1 1 : Do not set.
—
(b5)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
____
____
INT3 interrupt generation
0 : INT3 interrupt is generated in
timing select bit(2, 3)
synchronization w ith timer C count source.
____
TCC06
RW
1 : INT3 interrupt is generated w hen
____
INT3 interrupt is input(4).
____
____
INT3 interrupt / capture input
sw itch bit(1, 2)
0 : INT3
TCC07
RW
1 : fRING128
NOTES:
1. Change this bit w hen the TCC00 bit is set to 0 (count stops).
2. The IR bit in the INT3IC register may be set to 1 (requests interrupt) w hen the TCC03, TCC04, TCC06, or TCC07 bit is
rew ritten. Refer to
.
12.5.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
____
3. When the TCC13 bit is set to 1 (output compare mode) and INT3 interrupt is input, regardless of the setting
value of the TCC06 bit, an interr_u_p__t request is generated.
____
4. When using the INT3 filter, the INT3 interrupt is generated is synchronization w ith the clock for the digital filter.
Figure 14.27 TCC0 Register
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14.Timers
Timer C Control Register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
Address
009Bh
After Reset
00h
TCC1
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
INT3 filter select bits(1)
Function
RW
RW
____
b1 b0
TCC10
TCC11
0 0 : No filter
0 1 : Filter w ith f1 sampling
1 0 : Filter w ith f8 sampling
1 1 : Filter w ith f32 sampling
RW
RW
RW
Timer C counter reload select 0 : No reload
bit(3)
1 : Set TC register to 0000h w hen compare 1
TCC12
TCC13
is matched.
Compare 0 / capture select
bit(2)
0 : Selects capture (input capture mode).(3)
1 : Selects compare 0 output (output
compare mode).
Compare 0 output mode select
bits(3)
b5 b4
0 0 : CMPoutput remains unchanged even
w hen compare 0 is matched.
TCC14
TCC15
TCC16
TCC17
0 1 : CMPoutput is inverted w hen compare 0
signal is matched.
1 0 : CMPoutput is set to “L” w hen compare 0
signal is matched.
RW
1 1 : CMPoutput is set to “H” w hen compare 0
signal is matched.
Compare 1 output mode select
bits(3)
b7 b6
0 0 : CMPoutput remains unchanged even
w hen compare 1 is matched.
0 1 : CMPoutput is inverted w hen compare 1
signal is matched.
1 0 : CMPoutput is set to “L” w hen compare 1
signal is matched.
1 1 : CMPoutput is set to “H” w hen compare 1
signal is matched.
RW
NOTES:
____
1. When the same value is sampled from the INT3 pin three times continuously, the input is determined.
2. When the TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (count stops), rew rite the TCC13 bit.
3. When the TCC13 bit is set to 0 (input capture mode), set bits TCC12, and TCC14 to TCC17 to 0.
Figure 14.28 TCC1 Register
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14.Timers
Timer C Output Control Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
TCOUT
Address
00FFh
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
CMPoutput enable bit 0
CMPoutput enable bit 1
CMPoutput enable bit 2
CMPoutput enable bit 3
CMPoutput enable bit 4
CMPoutput enable bit 5
CMPoutput invert bit 0
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP0_0.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP0_0.
TCOUT0
TCOUT1
TCOUT2
TCOUT3
TCOUT4
TCOUT5
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP0_1.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP0_1.
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP0_2.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP0_2.
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP1_0.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP1_0.
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP1_1.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP1_1.
0 : Disables CMPoutput from CMP1_2.
1 : Enables CMPoutput from CMP1_2.
0 : Does not invert CMPoutput from CMP0_0
to CMP0_2.
1 : Inverts CMPoutput from CMP0_0 to CMP0_2.
TCOUT6
TCOUT7
RW
RW
CMPoutput invert bit 1
0 : Does not invert CMPoutput from CMP1_0
to CMP1_2.
1 : Inverts CMPoutput from CMP1_0 to CMP1_2.
NOTE:
1. Set the bits w hich are not used for CMPoutput to 0.
Figure 14.29 TCOUT Register
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14.Timers
14.3.1 Input Capture Mode
In input capture mode, the edge of the TCIN pin input signal or the fRING128 clock is used as a
trigger to latch the timer value and generate an interrupt request. The TCIN input contains a digital
filter, and this prevents errors caused by noise or the like from occurring. Table 14.11 shows the Input
Capture Mode Specifications. Figure 14.30 shows an Operating Example in Input Capture Mode.
Table 14.11 Input Capture Mode Specifications
Item
Count sources
Specification
f1, f8, f32, fRING-fast
• Increment
Count operations
• Transfer the value in the TC register to the TM0 register at the active edge
of the measured pulse.
• The value in the TC register is set to 0000h when the count stops.
Count start condition
Count stop condition
Interrupt request
The TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 1 (count starts).
The TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (count stops).
(1)
• When the active edge of the measured pulse is input [INT3 interrupt].
generation timing
• When timer C overflows [timer C interrupt].
Programmable I/O port or the measured pulse input (INT3 interrupt input)
Programmable I/O port
INT3/TCIN pin function
P1_0 to P1_2, P3_3 to
P3_5 pin functions
Counter value reset timing When the TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (capture disabled).
(2)
• The count value can be read out by reading the TC register.
• The count value at the measured pulse active edge input can be read out
by reading the TM0 register.
Read from timer
Write to timer
Write to the TC and TM0 registers is disabled.
Select functions
• INT3/TCIN polarity select function
Bits TCC03 to TCC04 can select the active edge of the measured pulse.
• Digital filter function
Bits TCC11 to TCC10 can select the digital filter sampling frequency.
• Trigger select function
The TCC07 bit can select the TCIN input or the fRING128.
NOTES:
1. The INT3 interrupt includes a digital filter delay and one count source (max.) delay.
2. Read registers TC and TM0 in 16-bit unit.
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14.Timers
FFFFh
Overflow
Count starts
←Measurement value 2
←
Measurement
value 3
←Measurement value1
0000h
Period
Set to 0 by
program
Set to 1 by program
1
0
TCC00 bit in
TCC0 register
The delay caused by digital filter and
one count source cycle delay (max.)
Measured pulse
(TCIN pin input)
1
0
Transmit
Transmit
(measured value 2)
Transmit
(measured value 3)
(measured
value 1)
Transmit timing from
timer C counter to
TM0 register
1
0
Indeterminate
Indeterminate
Measured
value 1
Measured
value 3
TM0 register
Measured value 2
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
IR bit in
INT3IC register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request
is acknowledged, or set by
program
1
0
IR bit in
TCIC register
The above applies under the following conditions.
TCC0 register TCC04 to TCC03 bits = 01b (capture input polarity is set for falling edge).
TCC07 = 0 (INT3/TCIN input as capture input trigger)
Figure 14.30 Operating Example in Input Capture Mode
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14.Timers
14.3.2 Output Compare Mode
In output compare mode, an interrupt request is generated when the value of the TC register matches
the value of the TM0 or TM1 register. Table 14.12 shows the Output Compare Mode Specifications.
Figure 14.31 shows an Operating Example in Output Compare Mode.
Table 14.12 Output Compare Mode Specifications
Item
Count sources
Specification
f1, f8, f32, fRING-fast
• Increment
Count operations
• The value in the TC register is set to 0000h when the count stops.
The TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 1 (count starts).
The TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (count stops).
Bits TCOUT0 to TCOUT5 in the TCOUT register are set to 1 (enables CMP
Count start condition
Counter stop condition
Waveform output start
condition
(2)
output).
Waveform output stop
condition
Bits TCOUT0 to TCOUT5 in the TCOUT register are set to 0 (disables CMP
output).
Interrupt request
generation timing
• When a match occurs in compare circuit 0 [compare 0 interrupt].
• When a match occurs in compare circuit 1 [compare 1 interrupt].
• When time C overflows [timer C interrupt].
INT3/TCIN pin function
P1_0 to P1_2 pins and
P3_0 to P3_2 pins
functions
Programmable I/O port or INT3 interrupt input
(1)
Programmable I/O port or CMP output
Counter value reset timing When the TCC00 bit in the TCC0 register is set to 0 (count stops).
(2)
• The value in the compare register can be read out by reading registers
TM0 and TM1.
Read from timer
• The count value can be read out by reading the TC register.
(2)
• Write to the TC register is disabled.
Write to timer
• The values written to registers TM0 and TM1 are stored in the compare
register in the following timings:
- When registers TM0 and TM1 are written to, if the TCC00 bit is set to 0
(count stops).
- When the counter overflows, if the TCC00 bit is set to 1 (during counting)
and the TCC12 bit in the TCC1 register is set to 0 (free-run).
- When the compare 1 matches a counter, if the TCC00 bit is set to 1 and
the TCC12 bit is set to 1 (the TC register is set to 0000h at compare 1
match).
Select functions
• Timer C counter reload select function
The TCC12 bit in the TCC1 register can select whether the counter value
in the TC register is set to 0000h when the compare circuit 1 match.
• Bits TCC14 to TCC15 in the TCC1 register can be used to select the
output level when compare circuit 0 matches. Bits TCC16 to TCC17 in the
TCC1 register can be used to select the output level when compare circuit
1 matches.
• Bits TCOUT6 to TCOUT7 in the TCOUT register can select whether the
output is inverted or not.
NOTES:
1. When the corresponding port data is 1, the waveform is output depending on the setting of the
registers TCC1 and TCOUT. When the corresponding port data is 0, the fixed level is output (refer to
Figure 14.25 Block Diagram of CMP Waveform Output Unit).
2. Access registers TC, TM0, and TM1 in 16-bit units.
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14.Timers
Match
Value set in TM1 register
Value set in TM0 register
0000h
Count starts
Match
Match
Time
Set to 1 by program
1
0
TCC00 bit in
TCC0 register
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by program
1
0
IR bit in
CMP0IC register
Set to 0 when interrupt request is
acknowledged, or set by program
1
0
IR bit in
CMP1IC register
1
0
CMP0_0 output
1
0
CMP1_0 output
Conditions:
TCC12 bit in TCC1 register = 1 (TC register is set to 0000h at compare 1 match occurrence )
TCC13 bit in TCC1 register = 1 (Compare 0 output selected)
TCC15 to TCC14 bits in TCC1 register = 11b (CMP output level is set to high at compare 0 match occurrence)
TCC17 to TCC16 bits in TCC1 register = 10b (CMP output level is set to low at compare 1 match occurrence)
TCOUT6 bit in TCOUT register = 0 (not inverted)
TCOUT7 bit in TCOUT register = 1 (inverted)
TCOUT0 bit in TCOUT register = 1 (CMP0_0 output enabled)
TCOUT3 bit in TCOUT register = 1 (CMP1_0 output enabled)
P1_0 bit in P1 register = 1 (high)
P3_0 bit in P3 register = 1 (high)
Figure 14.31 Operating Example in Output Compare Mode
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14.Timers
14.3.3 Notes on Timer C
Access registers TC, TM0, and TM1 in 16-bit units.
The TC register can be read in 16-bit units. This prevents the timer value from being updated
between when the low-order bytes and high-order bytes are being read.
Example of reading timer C:
MOV.W
0090H,R0
; Read out timer C
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15. Serial Interface
15. Serial Interface
The serial interface consists of two channels (UART0 and UART1). Each UARTi (i = 0 or 1) has an exclusive
timer to generate the transfer clock and operates independently.
Figure 15.1 shows a UARTi (i = 0 or 1) Block Diagram. Figure 15.2 shows a UARTi Transmit/Receive Unit.
UART0 has two modes: clock synchronous serial I/O mode and clock asynchronous serial I/O mode (UART
mode).
UART1 has only clock asynchronous serial I/O mode (UART mode).
Figures 15.3 to 15.6 show the Registers Associated with UARTi.
(UART0)
RXD0
TXD0
UART reception
Receive
clock
1/16
Reception control
circuit
CKDIR = 0
Internal
CLK1 to CLK0 = 00b
Clock
Transmit/
receive
unit
synchronous type
f1
f8
= 01b
= 10b
U0BRG register
1/(n0+1)
UART transmission
Transmit
clock
1/16
1/2
f32
Transmission
control circuit
Clock
synchronous type
External
CKDIR = 1
CKDIR = 0
CKDIR = 1
Clock synchronous type
(when internal clock is selected)
Clock synchronous type
(when external clock is selected)
Clock synchronous type
(when internal clock is selected)
CLK
polarity
reversing
circuit
CLK0
(UART1)
RXD1
TXD1
UART reception
1/16
Receive clock
Transmit clock
Reception
CLK1 to CLK0
control circuit
Transmit/
receive
unit
= 00b
U1BRG
register
f1
Internal
= 01b
= 10b
f8
UART transmission
1/(n1+1)
1/16
f32
Transmission
control circuit
Figure 15.1
UARTi (i = 0 or 1) Block Diagram
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15. Serial Interface
Clock
synchronous
type
PRYE = 0
PAR
disabled
Clock
synchronous
type
UART (7 bits)
UART (8 bits)
1SP
UART (7 bits)
UARTi receive register
SP
PAR
RXDi
SP
PAR
Clock
synchronous
type
UART
2SP
UART (9 bits)
enabled
PRYE = 1
UART (8 bits)
UART (9 bits)
UiRB register
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
D8
MSB/LSB conversion circuit
Data bus high-order bits
Data bus low-order bits
MSB/LSB conversion circuit
UiTB register
D8
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART (8 bits)
UART (9 bits)
Clock
synchronous
type
PRYE = 1
PAR
enabled
UART (9 bits)
UART
2SP
1SP
SP
PAR
TXDi
SP
Clock
synchronous
type
PAR
disabled
PRYE = 0
UART (7 bits)
UART (8 bits)
UARTi transmit register
UART (7 bits)
Clock
synchronous
type
0
i = 0 or 1
SP: Stop bit
PAR: Parity bit
NOTE:
1.Clock synchronous type is implemented in UART0 only.
Figure 15.2
UARTi Transmit/Receive Unit
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15. Serial Interface
UARTi Transmit Buffer Register (i = 0 or 1)(1, 2)
(b15)
b7
(b8)
b0
b7
b0
Symbol
U0TB
Address
00A3h-00A2h
00ABh-00AAh
Function
After Reset
Undefined
Undefined
U1TB
Bit Symbol
—
(b8-b0)
RW
WO
Transmit data
—
(b15-b9)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
—
NOTES:
1. When the transfer data length is 9 bits, w rite data to high byte first, then low byte.
2. Use the MOV instruction to w rite to this register.
UARTi Receive Buffer Register (i = 0 or 1)(1)
(b15)
(b8)
b7
b0
b7
b0
Symbol
U0RB
U1RB
Address
00A7h-00A6h
00AFh-00AEh
After Reset
Undefined
Undefined
Function
Bit Symbol
—
(b7-b0)
Bit Name
RW
Receive data (D7 to D0)
Receive data (D8)
—
—
RO
RO
—
—
(b8)
—
(b11-b9)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is undefined.
Overrun error flag(2)
Framing error flag(2)
Parity error flag(2)
Error sum flag(2)
0 : No overrun error
1 : Overrun error
OER
FER
PER
SUM
RO
RO
RO
RO
0 : No framing error
1 : Framing error
0 : No parity error
1 : Parity error
0 : No error
1 : Error
NOTES:
1. Read out the UiRB register in 16-bit units.
2. Bits SUM, PER, FER, and OER are set to 0 (no error) w hen bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register are set to 000b
(serial interface disabled) or the REbit in the UiC1 register is set to 0 (receive disabled). The SUM bit is set to 0 (no
error) w hen bits PER, FER, and OER are set to 0 (no error). Bits PER and FER are set to 0 even w hen the higher byte
of the UiRB register is read out.
Also, bits PER and FER are set to 0 w hen reading the high-order byte of the UiRB register.
UARTi Bit Rate Register (i = 0 or 1)(1, 2, 3)
b7
b0
Symbol
U0BRG
U1BRG
Address
00A1h
00A9h
After Reset
Undefined
Undefined
Function
Assuming the set value is n, UiBRG divides the count source by n+1
Setting Range
00h to FFh
RW
WO
NOTES:
1. Write to this register w hile the serial I/O is neither transmitting nor receiving.
2. Use the MOV instruction to w rite to this register.
3. After setting the CLK0 to CLK1 bits of the UiC0 register, w rite to the UiBRG register.
Figure 15.3
Registers U0TB to U1TB, U0RB to U1RB, and U0BRG to U1BRG
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15. Serial Interface
UARTi Transmit/Receive Mode Register (i = 0 or 1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
U0MR
Address
00A0h
After Reset
00h
U1MR
00A8h
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Serial interface mode select
bits(2)
b2 b1 b0
SMD0
SMD1
SMD2
0 0 0 : Serial interface disabled
0 0 1 : Clock synchronous serial I/O mode
1 0 0 : UART mode transfer data 7 bits long
1 0 1 : UART mode transfer data 8 bits long
1 1 0 : UART mode transfer data 9 bits long
Other than above : Do not set.
RW
RW
Internal/external clock select
bit(3)
0 : Internal clock
CKDIR
STPS
RW
RW
1 : External clock(1)
Stop bit length select bit
0 : 1 stop bit
1 : 2 stop bits
Odd/even parity select bit
Enables w hen PRYE= 1.
0 : Odd parity
PRY
RW
1 : Even parity
Parity enable bit
Reserved bit
0 : Parity disabled
1 : Parity enabled
PRY E
RW
RW
—
(b7)
Set to 0.
NOTES:
1. Set the PD1_6 bit in the PD1 register to 0 (input).
2. Do not set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the U1MR register to any values other than 000b, 100b, 101b, and 110b.
3. Set the CKDIR bit in UART1 to 0 (internal clock).
Figure 15.4
Registers U0MR to U1MR
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15. Serial Interface
UARTi Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 (i = 0 or 1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
U0C0
Address
00A4h
After Reset
08h
00ACh
08h
U1C0
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
BRG count source select
bits(1)
b1 b0
0 0 : Selects f1.
CLK0
CLK1
0 1 : Selects f8.
1 0 : Selects f32.
1 1 : Do not set.
RW
RW
—
(b2)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
Transmit register empty
flag
0 : Data in transmit register (during transmit)
1 : No data in transmit register (transmit completed)
TXEPT
RO
—
(b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
—
Data output select bit
0 : TXDi pin is for CMOS output.
1 : TXDi pin is for N-channel open drain output.
NCH
RW
CLK polarity select bit
0 : Transmit data is output at falling edge of transfer
clock and receive data is input at rising edge.
1 : Transmit data is output at rising edge of transfer
clock and receive data is input at falling edge.
CKPOL
UFORM
RW
RW
Transfer format select bit 0 : LSB first
1 : MSB first
NOTE:
1. If the BRG count source is sw itched, set the UiBRG register again.
Figure 15.5
Registers U0C0 to U1C0
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15. Serial Interface
UARTi Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 (i = 0 or 1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
U0C1
Address
00A5h
After Reset
02h
U1C1
00ADh
02h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
Transmit enable bit
0 : Disables transmission.
1 : Enables transmission.
TE
TI
Transmit buffer empty flag
Receive enable bit
0 : Data in UiTB register
1 : No data in UiTB register
RO
RW
RO
—
0 : Disables reception.
1 : Enables reception.
RE
RI
Receive complete flag(1)
0 : No data in UiRB register
1 : Data in UiRB register
—
(b7-b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTE:
1. The RI bit is set to 0 w hen the higher byte of the UiRB register is read out. Set the PD1_6 bit in the PD1 register to 0
(input).
UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0
Symbol
UCON
Address
00B0h
After Reset
00h
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
UART0 transmit interrupt
source select bit
0 : Transmit buffer empty (TI = 1)
1 : Transmit completed (TXEPT = 1)
U0IRS
U1IRS
UART1 transmit interrupt
source select bit
0 : Transmit buffer empty (TI = 1)
1 : Transmit completed (TXEPT = 1)
RW
RW
RW
UART0 continuous receive
mode enable bit
0 : Disables continuous receive mode.
1 : Enables continuous receive mode.
U0RRM
—
(b3)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
UART1 pin (P3_7/TXD1,
P4_5/RXD1) select bits
b5 b4
0 0 : P3_7, P4_5
0 1 : P3_7, RXD1
1 0 : Do not set.
1 1 : TXD1, RXD1
U1SEL0
U1SEL1
RW
RW
RW
—
(b6)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
CNTR0 signal pin select bit(1)
0 : P1_5/RXD0
____
P1_7/CNTR00/INT10
_____
CNTRSEL
RW
1 : P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11
P1_7
NOTE:
__
1. The CNTRSEL bit selects the input pin of the CNTR0 (INTI) signal.
When the CNTR0 signal is output, it is output from the CNTR00 pin regardless of the CNTRSEL bit setting.
Figure 15.6
Registers U0C1 to U1C1, and UCON
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15. Serial Interface
15.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
In clock synchronous serial I/O mode, data is transmitted and received using a transfer clock. Table 15.1
lists the Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Specifications. Table 15.2 lists the Registers Used and
(1)
Settings in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
.
Table 15.1
Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Specifications
Item Specification
Transfer data format
Transfer clocks
• Transfer data length: 8 bits
• CKDIR bit in U0MR register is set to 0 (internal clock): fi/(2(n+1)).
fi = f1, f8, f32 n = value set in U0BRG register: 00h to FFh
• The CKDIR bit is set to 1 (external clock): input from CLK0 pin.
(1)
Transmit start conditions
Receive start conditions
• Before transmission starts, the following requirements must be met.
- The TE bit in the U0C1 register is set to 1 (transmission enabled).
- The TI bit in the U0C1 register is set to 0 (data in the U0TB register).
(1)
• Before reception starts, the following requirements must be met.
- The RE bit in the U0C1 register is set to 1 (reception enabled).
- The TE bit in the U0C1 register is set to 1 (transmission enabled).
- The TI bit in the U0C1 register is set to 0 (data in the U0TB register).
Interrupt request
generation timing
• When transmitting, one of the following conditions can be selected.
- The U0IRS bit is set to 0 (transmit buffer empty):
When transferring data from the U0TB register to UART0 transmit
register (when transmission starts).
- The U0IRS bit is set to 1 (transmission completes):
When completing data transmission from UARTi transmit register.
• When receiving
When data transfer from the UART0 receive register to the U0RB register
(when reception completes).
(2)
Error detection
Select functions
• Overrun error
This error occurs if the serial interface starts receiving the next data item
before reading the U0RB register and receives the 7th bit of the next data.
• CLK polarity selection
Transfer data input/output can be selected to occur synchronously with the
rising or the falling edge of the transfer clock.
• LSB first, MSB first selection
Whether transmitting or receiving data begins with bit 0 or begins with bit 7
can be selected.
• Continuous receive mode selection.
Receive is enabled immediately by reading the U0RB register.
NOTES:
1. The programming and erasure endurance is defined on a per-block basis. If the programming and
erasure endurance is n (n = 100 or 10,000), each block can be erased n times. For example, if 1,024
1-byte writes are performed to block A, a 1-Kbyte block, and then the block is erased, the erase
count stands at one. When performing 100 or more rewrites, the actual erase count can be reduced
by executing programming operations in such a way that all blank areas are used before performing
an erase operation. Avoid rewriting only particular blocks and try to average out the programming
and erasure endurance of the blocks. It is also advisable to retain data on the erase count of each
block and limit the number of erase operations to a certain number.
2. If an overrun error occurs, the value of the U0RB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the S0RIC
register remains unchanged.
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15. Serial Interface
(1)
Table 15.2
Registers Used and Settings in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
Register
U0TB
Bit Function
0 to 7
0 to 7
OER
Set data transmission.
U0RB
Data reception can be read.
Overrun error flag
U0BRG
U0MR
0 to 7
Set bit rate.
SMD2 to SMD0
CKDIR
CLK1 to CLK0
TXEPT
NCH
Set to 001b.
Select the internal clock or external clock.
Select the count source in the U0BRG register.
Transmit register empty flag
Select TXD0 pin output mode.
Select the transfer clock polarity.
Select the LSB first or MSB first.
U0C0
U0C1
CKPOL
UFORM
TE
Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission/reception.
Transmit buffer empty flag
TI
RE
Set this bit to 1 to enable reception.
Reception complete flag
RI
UCON
NOTE:
U0IRS
U0RRM
CNTRSEL
Select the UART0 transmit interrupt source.
Set this bit to 1 to use continuous receive mode.
Set this bit to 1 to select P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11.
1. Set bits which are not in this table to 0 when writing to the above registers in clock synchronous
serial I/O mode.
Table 15.3 lists the I/O Pin Functions in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode. The TXD0 pin outputs “H”
level between the operating mode selection of UART0 and transfer start. (If the NCH bit is set to 1
(N-channel open-drain output), this pin is in a high-impedance state.)
Table 15.3
I/O Pin Functions in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
Function Selection Method
Pin Name
TXD0 (P1_4) Output serial data
RXD0 (P1_5) Input serial data
(Outputs dummy data when performing reception only.)
PD1_5 bit in PD1 register = 0
(P1_5 can be used as an input port when performing transmission
only.)
CLK0 (P1_6) Output transfer clock CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 0
Input transfer clock
CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 1
PD1_6 bit in PD1 register = 0
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15. Serial Interface
• Example of transmit timing (when internal clock is selected)
TC
Transfer clock
1
0
TE bit in U0C1
register
Set data in U0TB register
TI bit in U0C1
register
1
0
Transfer from U0TB register to UART0 transmit register
TCLK
Stop pulsing because the TE bit is set to
0
CLK0
TXD0
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
TXEPT bit in
U0C0 register
1
0
IR bit in S0TIC
register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by a program
TC=TCLK=2(n+1)/fi
fi: Frequency of U0BRG count source (f1, f8, f32)
n: Setting value to U0BRG register
The above applies under the following settings:
• CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 0 (internal clock)
• CKPOL bit in U0C0 register = 0 (output transmit data at the falling edge and input receive data at the rising edge of the transfer clock)
• U0IRS bit in UCON register = 0 (an interrupt request is generated when the transmit buffer is empty)
• Example of receive timing (when external clock is selected)
RE bit in U0C1
register
1
0
TE bit in U0C1
register
1
0
Write dummy data to U0TB register
TI bit in U0C1
register
1
0
Transfer from U0TB register to UART0 transmit register
1/fEXT
CLK0
RXD0
Receive data is taken in
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5
Read out from U0RB register
Transfer from UART0 receive register to
U0RB register
RI bit in U0C1
register
1
0
1
0
IR bit in S0RIC
register
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by a program
The above applies under the following settings:
• CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 1 (external clock)
• CKPOL bit in U0C0 register = 0 (output transmit data at the falling edge and input receive data at the rising edge of the transfer clock)
The following conditions are met when “H” is applied to the CLK0 pin before receiving data:
• TE bit in U0C1 register = 1 (enables transmit)
• RE bit in U0C1 register = 1 (enables receive)
• Write dummy data to the U0TB register
fEXT: Frequency of external clock
Figure 15.7
Transmit and Receive Timing Example in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
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15. Serial Interface
15.1.1 Polarity Select Function
Figure 15.8 shows the Transfer Clock Polarity. Use the CKPOL bit in the U0C0 register to select the
transfer clock polarity.
• When the CKPOL bit in the U0C0 register = 0 (output transmit data at the falling
edge and input the receive data at the rising edge of the transfer clock)
CLK0(1)
TXD0
RXD0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
D4
D4
D5
D5
D6
D6
D7
D7
• When the CKPOL bit in the U0C0 register = 1 (output transmit data at the rising
edge and input receive data at the falling edge of the transfer clock)
CLK0(2)
TXD0
RXD0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
D4
D4
D5
D5
D6
D6
D7
D7
NOTES:
1. When not transferring, the CLK0 pin level is “H”.
2. When not transferring, the CLK0 pin level is “L”.
Figure 15.8
Transfer Clock Polarity
15.1.2 LSB First/MSB First Select Function
Figure 15.9 shows the Transfer Format. Use the UFORM bit in the U0C0 register to select the
transfer format.
• When UFORM bit in U0C0 register = 0 (LSB first)(1)
CLK0
TXD0
RXD0
D0
D0
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
D4
D4
D5
D5
D6
D6
D7
D7
• When UFORM bit in U0C0 register = 1 (MSB first)(1)
CLK0
TXD0
RXD0
D7
D7
D6
D6
D5
D5
D4
D4
D3
D3
D2
D2
D1
D1
D0
D0
NOTE:
1. The above applies when the CKPOL bit in the U0C0 register is
set to 0 (output transmit data at the falling edge and input receive
data at the rising edge of the transfer clock).
Figure 15.9
Transfer Format
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15. Serial Interface
15.1.3 Continuous Receive Mode
Continuous receive mode is selected by setting the U0RRM bit in the UCON register to 1 (enables
continuous receive mode). In this mode, reading the U0RB register sets the TI bit in the U0C1
register to 0 (data in the U0TB register). When the U0RRM bit is set to 1, do not write dummy data to
the U0TB register by a program.
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15. Serial Interface
15.2 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode
The UART mode allows data transmission and reception after setting the desired bit rate and transfer
data format. Table 15.4 lists the UART Mode Specifications. Table 15.5 lists the Registers Used and
Settings for UART Mode.
Table 15.4
UART Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Transfer data format
• Character bit (transfer data): Selectable among 7, 8, or 9 bits
• Start bit: 1 bit
• Parity bit: Selectable among odd, even, or none
• Stop bit: Selectable among 1 or 2 bits
Transfer clocks
• CKDIR bit in UiMR register is set to 0 (internal clock): fj/(16(n+1))
fj = f1, f8, f32 n = value set in UiBRG register: 00h to FFh
• CKDIR bit is set to 1 (external clock): fEXT/(16(n+1))
fEXT: input from CLKi pin n = value set in UiBRG register: 00h to FFh
Transmit start conditions
Receive start conditions
• Before transmission starts, the following are required.
- TE bit in UiC1 register is set to 1 (transmission enabled).
- TI bit in UiC1 register is set to 0 (data in UiTB register).
• Before reception starts, the following are required.
- RE bit in UiC1 register is set to 1 (reception enabled).
- Start bit deleted
Interrupt request
generation timing
• When transmitting, one of the following conditions can be selected.
- UiIRS bit is set to 0 (transmit buffer empty):
When transferring data from the UiTB register to UARTi transmit register
(when transmit starts).
- UiIRS bit is set to 1 (transfer ends):
When serial interface completes transmitting data from the UARTi
transmit register.
• When receiving
When transferring data from the UARTi receive register to UiRB register
(when receive ends).
(1)
Error detection
• Overrun error
This error occurs if the serial interface starts receiving the next data item
before reading the UiRB register and receives the bit preceding the final
stop bit of the next data item.
• Framing error
This error occurs when the set number of stop bits is not detected.
• Parity error
This error occurs when parity is enabled, and the number of 1’s in parity
and character bits do not match the number of 1’s set.
• Error sum flag
This flag is set is set to 1 when an overrun, framing, or parity error is
generated.
i = 0 to 1
NOTE:
1. If an overrun error occurs, the contents of the UiRB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the SiRIC
register remains unchanged.
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15. Serial Interface
Table 15.5
Registers Used and Settings for UART Mode
Bit
Register
UiTB
Function
(1)
0 to 8
0 to 8
Set transmit data
.
(1)
UiRB
Receive data can be read
.
OER,FER,PER,SUM Error flag
UiBRG
UiMR
0 to 7
Set a bit rate.
SMD2 to SMD0
Set to 100b when transfer data is 7 bits long.
Set to 101b when transfer data is 8 bits long.
Set to 110b when transfer data is 9 bits long.
(2)
CKDIR
Select the internal clock or external clock.
STPS
Select the stop bit.
PRY, PRYE
CLK0, CLK1
TXEPT
Select whether parity is included and whether odd or even.
Select the count source for the UiBRG register.
Transmit register empty flag
UiC0
UiC1
NCH
Select TXDi pin output mode.
CKPOL
UFORM
Set to 0.
LSB first or MSB first can be selected when transfer data is 8 bits
long. Set to 0 when transfer data is 7 or 9 bits long.
Set to 1 to enable transmit.
TE
TI
Transmit buffer empty flag
RE
Set to 1 to enable receive.
RI
Receive complete flag
UCON
U0IRS, U1IRS
U0RRM
CNTRSEL
Select the source of UART0 transmit interrupt.
Set to 0.
Set to 1 to select P1_5/RXD0/CNTR01/INT11.
NOTES:
1. The bits used for transmit/receive data are as follows: Bits 0 to 6 when transfer data is 7 bits long;
bits 0 to 7 when transfer data is 8 bits long; bits 0 to 8 when transfer data is 9 bits long.
2. An external clock can be selected in UART0 only.
Table 15.6 lists the I/O Pin Functions in Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O Mode. The TXDi pin outputs “H”
level between the operating mode selection of UARTi (i = 0 or 1) and transfer start. (If the NCH bit is set
to 1 (N-channel open-drain output), this pin is in a high-impedance state.)
Table 15.6
I/O Pin Functions in Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O Mode
Function Selection Method
Pin Name
TXD0 (P1_4) Output serial data
RXD0 (P1_5) Input serial data
(Cannot be used as a port when performing reception only.)
PD1_5 bit in PD1 register = 0
(P1_5 can be used as an input port when performing
transmission only.)
CLK0 (P1_6) Programmable I/O port CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 0
Input transfer clock
CKDIR bit in U0MR register = 1
PD1_6 bit in PD1 register = 0
TXD1 (P3_7) Output serial data
Bits U1SEL1 to U1SEL0 in UCON register = 11b (P3_7 can be
used as a port when bits U1SEL1 to U1SEL0 = 01b and
performing reception only.)
RXD1 (P4_5) Input serial data
PD4_5 bit in PD4 register = 0
Bits U1SEL1 to U1SEL0 in UCON register = 01b or 11b
(Cannot be used as a port when performing transmission only.)
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15. Serial Interface
• Transmit timing when transfer data is 8 bits long (parity enabled, 1 stop bit)
TC
Transfer clock
TE bit in UiC1
register
1
0
Write data to UiTB register
1
0
TI bit in UiC1
register
Stop pulsing
because the TE bit is set to 0
Transfer from UiTB register to UARTi transmit register
Parity Stop
Start bit
bit
bit
TXDi
ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
P
ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
P
SP
ST D0 D1
SP
1
0
TXEPT bit in
UiC0 register
IR bit in SiTIC
register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by a program
TC = 16 (n + 1) / fj or 16 (n + 1) / fEXT
The above timing diagram applies under the following conditions:
• PRYE bit in UiMR register = 1 (parity enabled)
• STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit)
fj: Frequency of UiBRG count source (f1, f8, f32)
fEXT: Frequency of UiBRG count source (external clock)
• UiIRS bit in UCON register = 1 (an interrupt request is generated when transmit completes)
n: Value set in UiBRG register
I = 0 or 1
• Transmit timing when transfer data is 9 bits long (parity disabled, 2 stop bits)
TC
Transfer clock
TE bit in UiC1
register
1
0
Write data to UiTB register
1
0
TI bit in UiC1
register
Transfer from UiTB register to UARTi transmit register
Stop
bit
Stop
bit
Start bit
TXDi
ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP SP
ST D0 D1
SP SP
TXEPT bit in
UiC0 register
1
0
IR bit in SiRIC
register
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is acknowledged, or set by a program
The above timing diagram applies under the following conditions:
• PRYE bit in UiMR register = 0 (parity disabled)
• STPS bit in UiMR register = 1 (2 stop bits)
TC = 16 (n + 1) / fj or 16 (n + 1) / fEXT
fj: Frequency of UiBRG count source (f1, f8, f32)
fEXT: Frequency of UiBRG count source (external clock)
n: Value set in UiBRG register
• UiIRS bit in UCON register = 0 (an interrupt request is generated when transmit buffer is empty)
i = 0 or 1
Figure 15.10 Transmit Timing in UART Mode
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15. Serial Interface
• Example of receive timing when transfer data is 8 bits long (parity disabled, one stop bit)
UiBRG output
1
0
UiC1 register
RE bit
Stop bit
Start bit
RXDi
D0
D1
D7
Determined to be “L”
Receive data taken in
Transfer clock
Reception triggered when transfer clock
is generated by falling edge of start bit
Transferred from UARTi receive
register to UiRB register
UiC1 register
RI bit
1
0
SiRIC register
IR bit
1
0
Set to 0 when interrupt request is accepted, or set by a program
The above timing diagram applies when the register bits are set as follows:
• PRYE bit in UiMR register = 0 (parity disabled)
• STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit)
i = 0 or 1
Figure 15.11 Receive Timing in UART Mode
15.2.1 CNTR0 Pin Select Function
The CNTRSEL bit in the UCON register selects whether P1_7 is used as the CNTR00/INT10 input
pin or P1_5 is used as the CNTR01/INT11 input pin.
When the CNTRSEL bit is set to 0, P1_7 is used as the CNTR00/INT10 pin and when the CNTRSEL
bit is set to 1, P1_5 is used as the CNTR01/INT11 pin.
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15. Serial Interface
15.2.2 Bit Rate
In UART mode, the bit rate is the frequency divided by the UiBRG (i = 0 or 1) register.
UART Mode
• Internal clock selected
UiBRG register setting value =
fj
- 1
Bit Rate × 16
Fj: Count source frequency of the UiBRG register (f1, f8, or f32)
• External clock selected
UiBRG register setting value =
fEXT
Bit Rate × 16
- 1
fEXT: Count source frequency of the UiBRG register (external clock)
i = 0 or 1
Figure 15.12 Calculation Formula of UiBRG (i = 0 or 1) Register Setting Value
Table 15.7
Bit Rate Setting Example in UART Mode (Internal Clock Selected)
System Clock = 20 MHz
System Clock = 8 MHz
BRG
Count
Source
Bit Rate
(bps)
UiBRG
Actual Time
(bps)
UiBRG
Setting Value Time (bps)
Actual
Error (%)
Error (%)
Setting Value
129(81h)
64(40h)
32(20h)
129(81h)
86(56h)
64(40h)
42(2Ah)
39(27h)
32(20h)
23(17h)
1200
2400
f8
f8
f8
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
1201.92
2403.85
4734.85
9615.38
14367.82
19230.77
29069.77
31250.00
37878.79
52083.33
0.16
0.16
-1.36
0.16
-0.22
0.16
0.94
0.00
-1.36
1.73
51(33h)
25(19h)
12(0Ch)
51(33h)
34(22h)
25(19h)
16(10h)
15(0Fh)
12(0Ch)
9(09h)
1201.92
2403.85
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
-0.79
0.16
2.12
0.00
0.16
-2.34
4800
4807.69
9600
9615.38
14400
19200
28800
31250
38400
51200
14285.71
19230.77
29411.76
31250.00
38461.54
50000.00
i = 0 or 1
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15. Serial Interface
15.3 Notes on Serial Interface
• When reading data from the U0RB register either in the clock asynchronous serial I/O mode or in the
clock synchronous serial I/O mode. Ensure the data is read in 16-bit units. When the high-order byte
of the U0RB register is read, bits PER and FER in the U0RB register and the RI bit in the U0C1
register are set to 0.
Example (when reading receive buffer register):
MOV.W
00A6H,R0
; Read the U0RB register
• When writing data to the U0TB register in the clock asynchronous serial I/O mode with 9-bit transfer
data length, write data to the high-order byte first then the low-order byte, in 8-bit units.
Example (when reading transmit buffer register):
MOV.B
MOV.B
#XXH,00A3H ; Write the high-order byte of U0TB register
#XXH,00A2H ; Write the low-order byte of U0TB register
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16.Comparator
16. Comparator
The comparator compares the electric potential input from the VREF pin with analog input.
The analog input shares pins P1_0 to P1_3. Therefore, when using these pins, ensure the corresponding
port direction bits are set to 0 (input mode).
The result of comparator conversion is stored in the AD register.
Table 16.1 lists the Comparator Performance. Figure 16.1 shows a Comparator Block Diagram.
Figures 16.2 and 16.3 show the Associated Comparator Registers.
Table 16.1
Comparator Performance
Item
Performance
Comparator conversion
method
Comparator
0 V to AVCC
Analog input voltage
(1)
4.2 V ≤ AVCC ≤ 5.5 V fRING-fast, f1, f2, f4
2.7 V ≤ AVCC < 4.2 V f2, f4
Operating clock φAD
Absolute accuracy
Operating mode
Analog input pin
AVCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V ± 20 mV
One-shot and repeat modes
4 pins (AN8 to AN11)
Comparator conversion start • Software trigger
Set the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register to 1 (comparator conversion
conditions
starts).
• Capture
A timer Z interrupt request is generated while the ADST bit is set to 1.
Conversion rate per pin
NOTE:
10φAD cycles
1. The φAD frequency must be 10 MHz or below.
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16.Comparator
Comparator conversion
rate selection
CKS0 = 1
fRING-fast
CKS1 = 1
f1
f2
CKS0 = 0
CKS0 = 1
φAD
CKS1 = 0
f4
CKS0 = 0
VREF
ADCON0
Vref
VIN
AD register
Data bus
Decoder
b7
Comparator
ADCAP = 0
ADGSEL0 = 0
Software trigger
Trigger
Timer Z
interrupt request
ADGSEL0 = 1
ADCAP = 1
CH2 to CH0 = 100b
P1_0/AN8
P1_1/AN9
P1_2/AN10
P1_3/AN11
CH2 to CH0 = 101b
CH2 to CH0 = 110b
CH2 to CH0 = 111b
CH0 to CH2, ADGSEL0, and CKS0: Bits in ADCON0 register
CKS1, VCUT: Bits in ADCON1 register
Figure 16.1
Comparator Block Diagram
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16.Comparator
A/D Control Register 0(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1
1
Symbol
ADCON0
Bit Symbol
Address
00D6h
After Reset
00000XXXb
Function
Bit Name
RW
RW
Analog input pin select
bits(2)
b2 b1 b0
CH0
CH1
1 0 0 : AN8
1 0 1 : AN9
1 1 0 : AN10
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
1 1 1 : AN11
Other than above : Do not set.
CH2
Comparator conversion
operating mode select bit(3) 1 : Repeat mode
0 : On-shot mode
MD
Analog input group select 0 : Disabled
bit(5)
ADGSEL0
ADCAP
ADST
1 : Enabled (AN8 to AN11)
0 : Starts at softw are trigger (ADST bit).
1 : Starts at capture (requests timer Z interrupt).
Comparator conversion
automatic start bit
Comparator conversion
start flag
0 : Disables comparator conversion.
1 : Starts comparator conversion.
RW
Frequency select bit 0
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 0]
0 : Selects f4.
1 : Selects f2.
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 1]
0 : Selects f1.(4)
CKS0
RW
1 : fRING-fast
NOTES:
1. If the ADCON0 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
2. Bits CH0 to CH2 are enabled w hen the ADGSEL0 bit is set to 1. After setting the ADGSEL0 bit to 1, w rite to bits CH0
to CH2.
3. When changing comparator conversion operating mode, set the analog input pin again.
4. Set the øAD frequency to 10 MHz or below .
5. To use the comparator, set the ADGSEL0 bit to 1.
A/D Control Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
ADCON1
Bit Symbol
Address
00D7h
After Reset
00h
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Frequency select bit 1
Reserved bits
Refer to the description of the CKS0 bit in the
ADCON0 register function
CKS1
RW
RW
—
(b7-b5)
Set to 0.
NOTE:
1. If the ADCON1 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
Figure 16.2
Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1
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16.Comparator
A/D Control Register 2(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
0
Symbol
ADCON2
Bit Symbol
Address
00D4h
After Reset
00h
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b0)
Reserved bit
Set to 0.
Comparator function select bit
Reserved bits
0 : Not used
1 : Used
CMPSEL
RW
RW
—
—
(b3-b2)
Set to 0.
—
(b7-b4)
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
NOTE:
1. If the ADCON2 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
A/D Register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Symbol
AD
Address
00C0h
After Reset
Undefined
Function
RW
—
Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0.
When read, the content is 0.
Comparator conversion result
RO
Figure 16.3
Registers ADCON2 and AD
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16.Comparator
16.1 One-Shot Mode
In one-shot mode, the input voltage on one selected pin is comparator converted once. Table 16.2 lists
the One-Shot Mode Specifications. Figure 16.4 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in One-Shot
Mode.
Table 16.2
One-Shot Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Function
The input voltage on one pin selected by bits CH2 to CH0 is comparator
converted once.
Start conditions
• When the ADCAP bit is set to 0 (software trigger),
set the ADST bit to 1 (comparator conversion starts).
• When the ADCAP bit is set to 1 (capture),
a timer Z interrupt request is generated while the ADST bit is set to 1.
Stop conditions
• Comparator conversion is completed (the ADST bit is set to 0).
• The ADST bit is set to 0.
Interrupt request
generation timing
Input pin
Comparator conversion completed
Select one of AN8 to AN11
Read AD register
Reading of comparator
conversion result
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A/D Control Register 0(1)
16.Comparator
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 0 1
Symbol
Address
00D6h
After Reset
00000XXXb
Function
ADCON0
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
RW
RW
Analog input pin select
bits(2)
b2 b1 b0
CH0
CH1
1 0 0 : AN8
1 0 1 : AN9
1 1 0 : AN10
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
1 1 1 : AN11
Other than above : Do not set.
CH2
Comparator conversion
operating mode select bit(3)
0 : One-shot mode
MD
Analog input group select 0 : Disabled
bit(5)
ADGSEL0
ADCAP
ADST
1 : Enabled (AN8 to AN11)
Comparator conversion
automatic start bit
0 : Starts at softw are trigger (ADST bit).
1 : Starts at capture (requests timer Z interrupt).
Comparator conversion
start flag
0 : Disables comparator conversion.
1 : Starts comparator conversion.
RW
Frequency select bit 0
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 0]
0 : Selects f4.
1 : Selects f2.
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 1]
0 : Selects f1.(4)
CKS0
RW
1 : fRING-fast
NOTES:
1. If the ADCON0 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
2. Bits CH0 to CH2 are enabled w hen the ADGSEL0 bit is set to 1. After setting the ADGSEL0 bit to 1, w rite to bits CH0
to CH2.
3. When changing comparator conversion operating mode, set the analog input pin again.
4. Set the øAD frequency to 10 MHz or below .
5. To use the comparator, set the ADGSEL0 bit to 1.
A/D Control Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
ADCON1
Bit Symbol
Address
00D7h
After Reset
00h
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Frequency select bit 1
Reserved bits
Refer to the description of the CKS0 bit in the
ADCON0 register function
CKS1
RW
RW
—
(b7-b5)
Set to 0.
NOTE:
1. If the ADCON1 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
Figure 16.4
Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in One-Shot Mode
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16.Comparator
16.2 Repeat Mode
In repeat mode, the input voltage on one selected pin is comparator converted repeatedly. Table 16.3
lists the Repeat Mode Specifications. Figure 16.5 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat
Mode.
Table 16.3
Repeat Mode Specifications
Item
Specification
Function
The Input voltage on one pin selected by bits CH2 to CH0, and the
ADGSEL0 bit is comparator converted repeatedly
Start conditions
• When the ADCAP bit is set to 0 (software trigger),
set the ADST bit to 1 (comparator conversion starts).
• When the ADCAP bit is set to 1 (capture),
a timer Z interrupt request is generated while the ADST bit is set to 1.
Stop condition
Set the ADST bit to 0.
Interrupt request generation Not generated
timing
Input pin
Selects one of AN8 to AN11.
Read AD register.
Reading of result of
comparator conversion
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A/D Control Register 0(1)
16.Comparator
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1
Symbol
ADCON0
Address
00D6h
After Reset
00000XXXb
Function
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Analog input pin select
bits(2)
RW
RW
b2 b1 b0
CH0
CH1
1 0 0 : AN8
1 0 1 : AN9
1 1 0 : AN10
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
1 1 1 : AN11
Other than above : Do not set.
CH2
Comparator conversion
1 : Repeat mode
MD
operating mode select bit(3)
Analog input group select 0 : Disabled
ADGSEL0
ADCAP
ADST
bit(5)
1 : Enabled (AN8 to AN11)
Comparator conversion
automatic start bit
0 : Starts at softw are trigger (ADST bit).
1 : Starts at capture (requests timer Z interrupt).
Comparator conversion
start flag
0 : Disables comparator conversion.
1 : Starts comparator conversion.
RW
Frequency select bit 0
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 0]
0 : Selects f4.
1 : Selects f2.
[When CKS1 in ADCON1 register = 1]
0 : Selects f1.(4)
CKS0
RW
1 : fRING-fast
NOTES:
1. If the ADCON0 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
2. Bits CH0 to CH2 are enabled w hen the ADGSEL0 bit is set to 1. After setting the ADGSEL0 bit to 1, w rite to bits CH0
to CH2.
3. When changing comparator conversion operating mode, set the analog input pin again.
4. Set the øAD frequency to 10 MHz or below .
5. To use the comparator, set the ADGSEL0 bit to 1.
A/D Control Register 1(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Symbol
ADCON1
Bit Symbol
Address
00D7h
After Reset
00h
Bit Name
Function
RW
RW
—
(b3-b0)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
Frequency select bit 1
Reserved bits
Refer to the description of the CKS0 bit in the
ADCON0 register function.
CKS1
RW
RW
—
(b7-b5)
Set to 0.
NOTE:
1. If the ADCON1 register is rew ritten during comparator conversion, the conversion result is undefined.
Figure 16.5
Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Mode
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16.Comparator
16.3 Notes on Comparator
• Write to each bit (other than bit 6) in the ADCON0 register, each bit in the ADCON1 register, or the
CMPSEL bit in the ADCON2 register when the comparator conversion stops (before a trigger
occurs).
• When changing comparator conversion operating mode, select an analog input pin again.
• To use in one-shot mode, ensure that the comparator conversion is completed and the AD register is
read. The IR bit in the ADIC register or the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register can determine whether
the comparator conversion is completed.
• To use in repeat mode, use the undivided main clock as the CPU clock.
• If the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 0 (comparator conversion stops) by a program and
the comparator conversion is forcibly terminated during the comparator conversion operation, the
conversion result of the comparator will be indeterminate. If the ADST bit is set to 0 by a program, do
not use the AD register value.
• Connect a 0.1 µF capacitor between the VCC/AVCC pin and VSS/AVSS pin.
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17. Flash Memory Version
17. Flash Memory Version
17.1 Overview
In the flash memory version, rewrite operations to the flash memory can be performed in three modes;
CPU rewrite, standard serial I/O, and parallel I/O.
Table 17.1 lists the Flash Memory Version Performance (refer to Table 1.1 Functions and
Specifications for R8C/18 Group and Table 1.2 Functions and Specifications for R8C/19 Group for
items not listed in Table 17.1).
Table 17.1
Flash Memory Version Performance
Item
Specification
3 modes (CPU rewrite, standard serial I/O, and parallel I/O mode)
Refer to Figure 17.1 and Figure 17.2
Byte unit
Flash memory operating mode
Division of erase block
Programming method
Erase method
Block erase
Programming and erasure
control method
Program and erase control by software command
Rewrite control method
Rewrite control for blocks 0 and 1 by FMR02 bit in FMR0 register.
Rewrite control for block 0 by FMR15 bit and block 1 by FMR16 bit in
FMR1 register.
5 commands
Number of commands
Programming Blocks 0 and 1 R8C/18 Group: 100 times; R8C/19 Group: 1,000 times
and erasure
(program ROM)
(1)
Blocks A and B 10,000 times
endurance
(2)
(data flash)
ID code check function
ROM code protect
Standard serial I/O mode supported
Parallel I/O mode supported
NOTES:
1. Definition of programming and erasure endurance
The programming and erasure endurance is defined on a per-block basis. If the programming and
erasure endurance is n (n = 100 or 10,000), each block can be erased n times. For example, if 1,024
1-byte writes are performed to block A, a 1-Kbyte block, and then the block is erased, the erase
count stands at one. When performing 100 or more rewrites, the actual erase count can be reduced
by executing programming operations in such a way that all blank areas are used before performing
an erase operation. Avoid rewriting only particular blocks and try to average out the programming
and erasure endurance of the blocks. It is also advisable to retain data on the erase count of each
block and limit the number of erase operations to a certain number.
2. Blocks A and B are implemented only in the R8C/19 Group.
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17. Flash Memory Version
Parallel I/O Mode
Table 17.2
Flash Memory Rewrite Modes
Flash Memory
Rewrite Mode
Function
CPU Rewrite Mode
Standard Serial I/O Mode
User ROM area is rewritten by User ROM area is rewritten User ROM area is
executing software commands by a dedicated serial
rewritten by a dedicated
parallel programmer.
from the CPU.
programmer.
EW0 mode: Rewritable in any
area other than
flash memory
EW1 mode: Rewritable in flash
memory
Areas which can User ROM area
be rewritten
User ROM area
User ROM area
Operating mode Single chip mode
Boot mode
Parallel I/O mode
ROM
None
Serial programmer
Parallel programmer
programmer
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.2 Memory Map
The flash memory contains a user ROM area and a boot ROM area (reserved area). Figure 17.1 shows
a Flash Memory Block Diagram for R8C/18 Group. Figure 17.2 shows a Flash Memory Block Diagram
for R8C/19 Group.
The user ROM area of the R8C/19 Group contains an area (program ROM) which stores MCU operating
programs and the blocks A and B (data flash) each 1 byte in size.
The user ROM area is divided into several blocks. The user ROM area can be rewritten in CPU rewrite
mode and standard serial I/O and parallel I/O modes.
When rewriting blocks 0 and 1 in CPU rewrite mode, set the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register to 1 (rewrite
enabled). When the FMR15 bit in the FMR1 register is set to 0 (rewrite enabled), block 0 is rewritable.
When the FMR16 bit is set to 0 (rewrite enabled), block 1 is rewritable.
The rewrite control program for standard serial I/O mode is stored in the boot ROM area before
shipment. The boot ROM area and the user ROM area share the same address, but have separate
memory areas.
8 Kbyte ROM product:
0E000h
4 Kbyte ROM product:
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
Program ROM
0F000h
0FFFFh
Block 0: 4 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
0FFFFh
0C000h
User ROM area
16 Kbyte ROM product:
Block 1: 8 Kbytes(1)
12 Kbyte ROM product:
Block 1: 4 Kbytes(1)
Program ROM
0E000h
0D000h
0DFFFh
0E000h
0DFFFh
0E000h
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
8 Kbytes
0FFFFh
NOTES:
0FFFFh
0FFFFh
Boot ROM area
(reserved area)(2)
1. When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (rewrite enabled) and the FMR15 bit in the FMR1
register to 0 (rewrite enabled), block 0 is rewritable. When the FMR16 bit is set to 0 (rewrite enabled),
block 1 is rewritable (only for CPU rewrite mode).
2. This area is for storing the boot program provided by Renesas Technology.
Figure 17.1
Flash Memory Block Diagram for R8C/18 Group
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17. Flash Memory Version
8 Kbyte ROM product
4 Kbyte ROM product
Block A: 1 Kbyte
02400h
02BFFh
02400h
02BFFh
Block A: 1 Kbyte
Block B: 1 Kbyte
Data flash
Block B: 1 Kbyte
0E000h
0FFFFh
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
Program ROM
0F000h
0FFFFh
Block 0: 4 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
16 Kbyte ROM product
Block A: 1 Kbyte
12 Kbyte ROM product
Block A: 1 Kbyte
02400h
02BFFh
02400h
02BFFh
Data flash
Block B: 1 Kbyte
Block B: 1 Kbyte
0C000h
Program ROM
0E000h
Block 1: 8 Kbytes(1)
0D000h
Block 1: 4 Kbytes(1)
0DFFFh
0E000h
0DFFFh
0E000h
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
Block 0: 8 Kbytes(1)
User ROM area
8 Kbytes
0FFFFh
NOTES:
0FFFFh
0FFFFh
Boot ROM area
(reserved area)(2)
1. When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (rewrite enabled) and the FMR15 bit in the
FMR1 register to 0 (rewrite enabled), block 0 is rewritable. When the FMR16 bit is set to 0 (rewrite
enabled), block 1 is rewritable (only for CPU rewrite mode).
2. This area is for storing the boot program provided by Renesas Technology.
Figure 17.2
Flash Memory Block Diagram for R8C/19 Group
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.3 Functions to Prevent Rewriting of Flash Memory
Standard serial I/O mode has an ID code check function, and parallel I/O mode has a ROM code protect
function to prevent the flash memory from being read or rewritten easily.
17.3.1 ID Code Check Function
This function is used in standard serial I/O mode. Unless the flash memory is blank, the ID codes sent
from the programmer and the ID codes written in the flash memory are checked to see if they match.
If the ID codes do not match, the commands sent from the programmer are not acknowledged. The
ID codes consist of 8 bits of data each, the areas of which, beginning with the first byte, are 00FFDFh,
00FFE3h, 00FFEBh, 00FFEFh, 00FFF3h, 00FFF7h, and 00FFFBh. Write programs in which the ID
codes are set at these addresses and write them to the flash memory.
Address
00FFDFh to 00FFDCh
00FFE3h to 00FFE0h
00FFE7h to 00FFE4h
00FFEBh to 00FFE8h
00FFEFh to 00FFECh
00FFF3h to 00FFF0h
00FFF7h to 00FFF4h
00FFFBh to 00FFF8h
00FFFFh to 00FFFCh
ID1
ID2
Undefined instruction vector
Overflow vector
BRK instruction vector
Address match vector
Single step vector
ID3
ID4
Oscillation stop detection/watchdog
timer/voltage monitor 2 vector
ID5
ID6
Address break
(Reserved)
ID7
(Note 1)
Reset vector
4 bytes
NOTE:
1. The OFS register is assigned to 00FFFFh. Refer to
Figure 13.2 Registers OFS and WDC and Figure
13.3 Registers WDTR and WDTS for OFS register
details.
Figure 17.3
Address for Stored ID Code
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.3.2 ROM Code Protect Function
The ROM code protect function disables reading or changing the contents of the on-chip flash
memory by the OFS register in parallel I/O mode. Figure 17.4 shows the OFS Register.
The ROM code protect function is enabled by writing 0 to the ROMCP1 bit and 1 to the ROMCR bit. It
disables reading or changing the contents of the on-chip flash memory.
Once ROM code protect is enabled, the content in the internal flash memory cannot be rewritten in
parallel I/O mode. To disable ROM code protect, erase the block including the OFS register with CPU
rewrite mode or standard serial I/O mode.
Option Function Select Register(1)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1
1
Symbol
OFS
Address
0FFFFh
Before Shipment
FFh(2)
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
Watchdog timer start
select bit
Function
RW
RW
0 : Starts w atchdog timer automatically after reset.
1 : Watchdog timer is inactive after reset.
WDTON
—
(b1)
Reserved bit
Set to 1.
RW
RW
RW
RW
ROM code protect
disabled bit
0 : ROM code protect disabled
1 : ROMCP1enabled
ROMCR
ROM code protect bit
0 : ROM code protect enabled
1 : ROM code protect disabled
ROMCP1
—
(b6-b4)
Reserved bits
Set to 1.
Count source protect
0 : Count source protect mode enabled after reset.
mode after reset select 1 : Count source protect mode disabled after reset.
bit
CSPROINI
RW
NOTES:
1. The OFS register is on the flash memory. Write to the OFS register w ith a program.
2. If the block including the OFS register is erased, FFh is set to the OFS register.
Figure 17.4
OFS Register
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4 CPU Rewrite Mode
In CPU rewrite mode, the user ROM area can be rewritten by executing software commands from the
CPU. Therefore, the user ROM area can be rewritten directly while the MCU is mounted on a board
without using a ROM programmer. Execute the program and block erase commands only to blocks in the
user ROM area.
The flash module has an erase-suspend function when an interrupt request is generated during an erase
operation in CPU rewrite mode. It performs an interrupt process after the erase operation is halted
temporarily. During erase-suspend, the user ROM area can be read by a program.
In case an interrupt request is generated during an auto-program operation in CPU rewrite mode, the
flash module has a program-suspend function which performs the interrupt process after the
auto-program operation. During program-suspend, the user ROM area can be read by a program.
CPU rewrite mode has an erase write 0 mode (EW0 mode) and an erase write 1 mode (EW1 mode).
Table 17.3 lists the Differences between EW0 Mode and EW1 Mode.
Table 17.3
Differences between EW0 Mode and EW1 Mode
Item EW0 Mode
Single-chip mode
EW1 Mode
Single-chip mode
Operating mode
Areas in which a rewrite
control program can be
located
User ROM area
User ROM area
Areas in which a rewrite
control program can be
executed
Necessary to transfer to any area other
than the flash memory (e.g., RAM) before possible.
executing.
Executing directly in user ROM area is
Areas which can be
rewritten
User ROM area
None
User ROM area
However, blocks which contain a rewrite
(1)
control program are excluded.
Software command
restrictions
• Program and block erase commands
• Cannot be run on any block which
contains a rewrite control program
• Read status register command cannot be
executed
Modes after program or
erase
Read status register mode
Operating
Read array mode
CPU status during auto-
write and auto-erase
Hold state (I/O ports hold state before the
command is executed)
Flash memory status
detection
• Read bits FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 Read bits FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 in
in the FMR0 register by a program.
• Execute the read status register
command and read bits SR7, SR5, and
SR4 in the status register.
the FMR0 register by a program.
Conditions for transition to
erase-suspend
Set bits FMR40 and FMR41 in the FMR4 The FMR40 bit in the FMR4 register is set
register to 1 by a program.
to 1 and the interrupt request of the
enabled maskable interrupt is generated.
Conditions for transitions to Set bits FMR40 and FMR42 in the FMR4 The FMR40 bit in the FMR4 register is set
program-suspend
register to 1 by a program.
to 1 and the interrupt request of the
enabled maskable interrupt is generated.
CPU clock
5 MHz or below
No restriction (on clock frequency to be
used)
NOTE:
1. When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (rewrite enabled), rewriting block 0 is enabled by setting
the FMR15 bit in the FMR1 register to 0 (rewrite enabled), and rewriting block 1 is enabled by setting the
FMR16 bit to 0 (rewrite enabled).
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.1 EW0 Mode
The MCU enters CPU rewrite mode and software commands can be acknowledged by setting the
FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled). In this case, since the FMR11 bit in
the FMR1 register is set to 0, EW0 mode is selected.
Use software commands to control program and erase operations. The FMR0 register or the status
register can be used to determine when program and erase operations complete.
During auto-erasure, set the FMR40 bit to 1 (erase-suspend enabled) and the FMR41 bit to 1
(request erase-suspend). Wait for td(SR-ES) and ensure that the FMR46 bit is set to 1 (read enabled)
before accessing the user ROM area. The auto-erase operation can be restarted by setting the
FMR41 bit to 0 (erase restarts).
To enter program-suspend during the auto-program operation, set the FMR40 bit to 1 (suspend
enabled) and the FMR42 bit to 1 (request program-suspend). Wait for td(SR-ES) and ensure that the
FMR46 bit is set to 1 (read enabled) before accessing the user ROM area. The auto-program
operation can be restarted by setting the FMR42 bit to 0 (program restarts).
17.4.2 EW1 Mode
The MCU is switched to EW1 mode by setting the FMR11 bit to 1 (EW1 mode) after setting the
FMR01 bit to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled).
The FMR0 register can be used to determine when program and erase operations complete. Do not
execute the read status register command in EW1 mode.
To enable the erase-suspend function during auto-erasure, execute the block erase command after
setting the FMR40 bit to 1 (erase-suspend enabled). The interrupt to enter erase-suspend should be
in interrupt enabled status. After waiting for td(SR-ES) after the block erase command is executed,
the interrupt request is acknowledged.
When an interrupt request is generated, the FMR41 bit is automatically set to 1 (request
erase-suspend) and the auto-erase operation suspends. If an auto-erase operation does not
complete (FMR00 bit is 0) after an interrupt process completes, the auto-erase operation restarts by
setting the FMR41 bit to 0 (erase restarts).
To enable the program-suspend function during auto-programming, execute the program command
after setting the FMR40 bit to 1 (suspend enabled). The interrupt to enter a program-suspend should
be in interrupt enabled status. After waiting for td(SR-ES) after the program command is executed, an
interrupt request is acknowledged.
When an interrupt request is generated, the FMR42 bit is automatically set to 1 (request
program-suspend) and the auto-program operation suspends. When the auto-program operation
does not complete (FMR00 bit is 0) after the interrupt process completes, the auto-program operation
can be restarted by setting the FMR42 bit to 0 (programming restarts).
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17. Flash Memory Version
Figure 17.5 shows the FMR0 Register. Figure 17.7 shows the FMR4 Register.
17.4.2.1 FMR00 Bit
This bit indicates the operating status of the flash memory. The bits value is 0 during programming,
erasure, or erase-suspend mode; otherwise, it is 1.
17.4.2.2 FMR01 Bit
The MCU is made ready to accept commands by setting the FMR01 bit to 1 (CPU rewrite mode).
17.4.2.3 FMR02 Bit
Rewriting of blocks 0 and 1 does not accept the program or block erase commands if the FMR02 bit
is set to 0 (rewrite disabled).
Rewriting of blocks 0 and 1 is controlled by bits FMR15 and FMR16 if the FMR02 bit is set to 1
(rewrite enabled).
17.4.2.4 FMSTP Bit
This bit is used to initialize the flash memory control circuits, and also to reduce the amount of current
consumed by the flash memory. Access to the flash memory is disabled by setting the FMSTP bit to
1. Therefore, the FMSTP bit must be written to by a program located outside of the flash memory.
In the following cases, set the FMSTP bit to 1:
• When flash memory access resulted in an error while erasing or programming in EW0 mode
(FMR00 bit not reset to 1 (ready)).
• When entering on-chip oscillator mode (main clock stops).
Figure 17.11 shows a flowchart to be followed before and after entering on-chip oscillator mode (main
clock stop). Note that when going to stop or wait mode while the CPU rewrite mode is disabled, the
FMR0 register does not need to be set because the power for the flash memory is automatically
turned off and is turned back on again after returning from stop or wait mode.
17.4.2.5 FMR06 Bit
This is a read-only bit indicating the status of an auto-program operation. The bit is set to 1 when a
program error occurs; otherwise, it is set to 0. Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check for details.
17.4.2.6 FMR07 Bit
This is a read-only bit indicating the status of an auto-erase operation. The bit is set to 1 when an
erase error occurs; otherwise, it is set to 0. Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check for details.
17.4.2.7 FMR11 Bit
Setting this bit to 1 (EW1 mode) places the MCU in EW1 mode.
17.4.2.8 FMR15 Bit
When the FMR02 bit is set to 1 (rewrite enabled) and the FMR15 bit is set to 0 (rewrite enabled),
block 0 accepts program and block erase commands.
17.4.2.9 FMR16 Bit
When the FMR02 bit is set to 1 (rewrite enabled) and the FMR16 bit is set to 0 (rewrite enabled),
block 1 accepts program and block erase commands.
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.2.10 FMR40 Bit
The suspend function is enabled by setting the FMR40 bit to 1 (enable).
17.4.2.11 FMR41 Bit
In EW0 mode, the MCU enters erase-suspend mode when the FMR41 bit is set to 1 by a program.
The FMR41 bit is automatically set to 1 (request erase-suspend) when an interrupt request of an
enabled interrupt is generated in EW1 mode, and then the MCU enters erase-suspend mode.
Set the FMR41 bit to 0 (erase restarts) when the auto-erase operation restarts.
17.4.2.12 FMR42 Bit
In EW0 mode, the MCU enters program-suspend mode when the FMR42 bit is set to 1 by a program.
The FMR42 bit is automatically set to 1 (request program-suspend) when an interrupt request of an
enabled interrupt is generated in EW1 mode, and then the MCU enters program-suspend mode.
Set the FMR42 bit to 0 (program restart) when the auto-program operation restarts.
17.4.2.13 FMR43 Bit
When the auto-erase operation starts, the FMR43 bit is set to 1 (erase execution in progress). The
FMR43 bit remains set to 1 (erase execution in progress) during erase-suspend operation.
When the auto-erase operation ends, the FMR43 bit is set to 0 (erase not executed).
17.4.2.14 FMR44 Bit
When the auto-program operation starts, the FMR44 bit is set to 1 (program execution in progress).
The FMR44 bit remains set to 1 (program execution in progress) during program-suspend operation.
When the auto-program operation ends, the FMR44 bit is set to 0 (program not executed).
17.4.2.15 FMR46 Bit
The FMR46 bit is set to 0 (reading disabled) during auto-erase execution and set to 1 (reading
enabled) in erase-suspend mode. Do not access the flash memory while this bit is set to 0.
17.4.2.16 FMR47 BIt
Power consumption when reading flash memory can be reduced by setting the FMR47 bit to 1
(enabled).
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17. Flash Memory Version
Flash Memory Control Register 0
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
Symbol
Address
01B7h
After Reset
00000001b
Function
FMR0
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
RW
RO
__
0 : Busy (w riting or erasing in progress)
1 : Ready
RY/BY status flag
FMR00
FMR01
FMR02
CPU rew rite mode select bit(1)
Block 0, 1 rew rite enable bit(2, 6)
Flash memory stop bit(3, 5)
0 : CPU rew rite mode disabled
1 : CPU rew rite mode enabled
RW
RW
0 : Disables rew rite.
1 : Enables rew rite.
0 : Enables flash memory operation.
1 : Stops flash memory
FMSTP
RW
(enters low -pow er consumption state
and flash memory is reset).
—
(b5-b4)
Reserved bits
Set to 0.
RW
RO
RO
Program status flag(4)
Erase status flag(4)
0 : Completed successfully
1 : Terminated by error
FMR06
FMR07
0 : Completed successfully
1 : Terminated by error
NOTES:
1. To set this bit to 1, set it to 1 immediately after setting it first to 0. Do not generate an interrupt betw een setting the bit
to 0 and setting it to 1. Enter read array mode and set this bit to 0.
2. Set this bit to 1 immediately after setting it first to 0 w hile the FMR01 bit is set to 1.
Do not generate an interrupt betw een setting the bit to 0 and setting it to 1.
3. Set this bit by a program located in a space other than the flash memory.
4. This bit is set to 0 by executing the clear status command.
5. This bit is enabled w hen the FMR01 bit is set to 1 (CPU rew rite mode). When the FMR01 bit is set to 0, w riting 1 to the
FMSTPbit causes the FMSTPbit to be set to 1. The flash memory does not enter low -pow er consumption state nor is
it reset.
6. When setting the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rew rite mode disabled), the FMR02 bit is set to 0 (disables rew rite).
Figure 17.5
FMR0 Register
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17. Flash Memory Version
Flash Memory Control Register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1
0 0 0
Symbol
FMR1
Bit Symbol
Address
01B5h
After Reset
1000000Xb
Function
Bit Name
RW
RO
—
(b0)
Reserved bit
When read, the content is undefined.
EW1 mode select bit(1, 2)
Reserved bits
0 : EW0 mode
1 : EW1 mode
FMR11
RW
RW
RW
RW
RW
—
(b4-b2)
Set to 0.
Block 0 rew rite disable bit(2, 3)
Block 1rew rite disable bit(2, 3)
Reserved bit
0 : Enables rew rite.
1 : Disables rew rite.
FMR15
FMR16
0 : Enables rew rite.
1 : Disables rew rite.
—
(b7)
Set to 1.
NOTES:
1. To set this bit to 1, set it to 1 immediately after setting it first to 0 w hile the FMR01 bit is set to 1 (CPU rew rite mode
enable) . Do not generate an interrupt betw een setting the bit to 0 and setting it to 1.
2. This bit is set to 0 by setting the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rew rite mode disabled).
3. When the FMR01 bit is set to 1 (CPU rew rite mode enabled), bits FMR15 and FMR16 can be w ritten to.
To set this bit to 0, set it to 0 immediately after setting it first to 1.
To set this bit to 1, set it to 1.
Figure 17.6
FMR1 Register
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17. Flash Memory Version
Flash Memory Control Register 4
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
Symbol
Address
01B3h
After Reset
01000000b
Function
FMR4
Bit Symbol
Bit Name
RW
RW
Erase-suspend function
enable bit(1)
Erase-suspend request bit(2)
0 : Disable
1 : Enable
FMR40
FMR41
FMR42
FMR43
FMR44
0 : Erase restart
RW
RW
RO
RO
1 : Erase-suspend request
Program-suspend request bit(3) 0 : Program restart
1 : Program-suspend request
0 : Erase not executed
Erase command flag
Program command flag
Reserved bit
1 : Erase execution in progress
0 : Program not executed
1 : Program execution in progress
Set to 0.
—
(b5)
RO
RO
RW
Read status flag
0 : Disables reading.
1 : Enables reading.
FMR46
FMR47
Low -pow er consumption read 0 : Disable
mode enable bit(1, 4)
1 : Enable
NOTES:
1. To set this bit to 1, set it to 1 immediately after setting it first to 0. Do not generate an interrupt betw een setting the bit
to 0 and setting it to 1.
2. This bit is enabled w hen the FMR40 bit is set to 1 (enable) and it can be w ritten to during the period betw een issuing
an erase command and completing the erase. (This bit is set to 0 during the periods other than the above.)
In EW0 mode, it can be set to 0 and 1 by a program.
In EW1 mode, it is automatically set to 1 if a maskable interrupt is generated during an erase operation w hile the
FMR40 bit is set to 1. Do not set this bit to 1 by a program (0 can be w ritten).
3. The FMR42 bit is enabled only w hen the FMR40 bit is set to 1 (enable) and programming to the FMR42 bit is enabled
until auto-programming ends after a program command is generated. (This bit is set to 0 during periods other than the
above.)
In EW0 mode, 0 or 1 can be programmed to the FMR42 bit by a program.
In EW1 mode, the FMR42 bit is automatically set to 1 by generating a maskable interrupt during auto-programming
w hen the FMR40 bit is set to 1. 1 cannot be w ritten to the FMR42 bit by a program.
4. Use this mode only in low -speed on-chip oscillator mode.
Figure 17.7
FMR4 Register
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17. Flash Memory Version
Figure 17.8 shows the Timing of Suspend Operation.
Erasure
starts
Erasure
suspends
Programming Programming Programming Programming Erasure
Erasure
ends
starts
suspends
restarts
ends
restarts
During
erasure
During
erasure
During
programming
During
programming
1
0
FMR00 bit in
FMR0 register
1
0
FMR46 bit in
FMR4 register
1
0
FMR44 bit in
FMR4 register
1
0
FMR43 bit in
FMR4 register
Check that the
FMR43 bit is set to 1
(during erasure
execution), and that
the erase-operation
has not ended.
Check that the
Check the status,
and that the
programming ends
normally.
Check the status,
and that the
erasure ends
normally.
FMR44 bit is set to 1
(during program
execution), and that
the program has not
ended.
Figure 17.8
Timing of Suspend Operation
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17. Flash Memory Version
Figure 17.9 shows How to Set and Exit EW0 Mode. Figure 17.10 shows How to Set and Exit EW1
Mode.
EW0 Mode Operating Procedure
Rewrite control program
Set the FMR01 bit by writing 0 and then 1
(CPU rewrite mode enabled)(2)
Set registers CM0 and CM1(1)
Execute software commands
Transfer a rewrite control program which uses CPU
rewrite mode to any area other than the flash
Execute the read array command(3)
memory.
Write 0 to the FMR01 bit
Jump to the rewrite control program which has been
transferred to any area other than the flash memory.
(The subsequent process is executed by the rewrite
control program in an area other than the flash
memory.)
(CPU rewrite mode disabled)
Jump to a specified address in the flash memory
NOTES:
1. Select 5 MHz or below for the CPU clock by the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM16 to CM17 in the CM1 register.
2. To set the FMR01 bit to 1, write 0 to the FMR01 bit before writing 1. Do not generate an interrupt between writing 0 and 1.
3. Disable the CPU rewrite mode after executing the read array command.
Figure 17.9
How to Set and Exit EW0 Mode
EW1 Mode Operating Procedure
Program in ROM
Write 0 to the FMR01 bit before writing 1 (CPU
rewrite mode enabled)(1)
Write 0 to the FMR11 bit before writing 1 (EW1
mode)
Execute software commands
Write 0 to the FMR01 bit
(CPU rewrite mode disabled)
NOTE:
1. To set the FMR01 bit to 1, write 0 to the FMR01 bit before writing 1.
Do not generate an interrupt between writing 0 and 1.
Figure 17.10 How to Set and Exit EW1 Mode
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17. Flash Memory Version
On-chip oscillator mode
(main clock stops) program
Transfer an on-chip oscillator mode (main clock stops)
program to an area other then the flash memory.
Write 0 to the FMR01 bit before writing 1
(CPU rewrite mode enabled)
Write 1 to the FMSTP bit (flash memory stops.
low power consumption mode)(1)
Jump to the on-chip oscillator mode (main clock stops)
program which has been transferred to an area other
than the flash memory.
(The subsequent processing is executed by the program
in an area other than the flash memory.)
Switch the clock source for the CPU clock.
Turn XIN off.
Process in on-chip oscillator mode (main
clock stops)
Turn main clock on→wait until oscillation
stabilizes→switch the clock source for CPU
clock(2)
Write 0 to the FMSTP bit
(flash memory operation)
Write 0 to the FMR01 bit
(CPU rewrite mode disabled)
Wait until the flash memory circuit stabilizes
(30 µs)(3)
Jump to a specified address in the flash memory
NOTES:
1. Set the FMR01 bit to 1 (CPU rewrite mode) before setting the FMSTP bit to 1 .
2. Before switching to a different clock source for the CPU, make sure the designated clock is stable.
3. Insert a 30 µs wait time in a program. Do not access the flash memory during this wait time.
Figure 17.11 Process to Reduce Power Consumption in On-Chip Oscillator Mode (Main Clock
Stops)
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.3 Software Commands
The software commands are described below. Read or write commands and data in 8-bit units.
Table 17.4 Software Commands
Command
First Bus Cycle
Address
Second Bus Cycle
Mode Address
Data
(D7 to D0)
FFh
Data
(D7 to D0)
Mode
Read array
Write
×
Read status register
Clear status register
Program
Write
Write
Write
Write
×
70h
Read
×
SRD
×
50h
WA
×
40h
Write
Write
WA
BA
WD
Block erase
20h
D0h
SRD: Status register data (D7 to D0)
WA: Write address (ensure the address specified in the first bus cycle is the same address as the write
address specified in the second bus cycle.)
WD: Write data (8 bits)
BA: Given block address
×: Any specified address in the user ROM area
17.4.3.1 Read Array Command
The read array command reads the flash memory.
The MCU enters read array mode when FFh is written in the first bus cycle. When the read address is
entered in the following bus cycles, the content of the specified address can be read in 8-bit units.
Since the MCU remains in read array mode until another command is written, the contents of multiple
addresses can be read continuously.
17.4.3.2 Read Status Register Command
The read status register command is used to read the status register.
When 70h is written in the first bus cycle, the status register can be read in the second bus cycle.
(Refer to 17.4.4 Status Register.) When reading the status register, specify an address in the user
ROM area.
Do not execute this command in EW1 mode.
17.4.3.3 Clear Status Register Command
The clear status register command sets the status register to 0.
When 50h is written in the first bus cycle, bits FMR06 to FMR07 in the FMR0 register and SR4 to SR5
in the status register are set to 0.
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.3.4 Program Command
The program command writes data to the flash memory in 1-byte units.
By writing 40h in the first bus cycle and data to the write address in the second bus cycle, an
auto-program operation (data program and verify) will start. Make sure the address value specified in
the first bus cycle is the same address as the write address specified in the second bus cycle.
The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register can be used to determine whether auto-programming has
completed. The FMR00 bit is set to 0 during auto-programming and set to 1 when auto-programming
completes.
The FMR06 bit in the FMR0 register can be used to determine the result of auto-programming after it
has been finished. (Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check.)
Do not write additions to the already programmed addresses.
When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 0 (rewriting disabled), or the FMR02 bit is set to 1
(rewrite enabled) and the FMR15 bit in the FMR1 register is set to 1 (rewriting disabled), program
commands targeting block 0 are not acknowledged. When the FMR16 bit is set to 1 (rewriting
disabled), program commands targeting block 1 are not acknowledged.
In EW1 mode, do not execute this command for any address which a rewrite control program is
allocated.
In EW0 mode, the MCU enters read status register mode at the same time auto-programming starts
and the status register can be read. The status register bit 7 (SR7) is set to 0 at the same time
auto-programming starts and set back to 1 when auto-programming completes. In this case, the MCU
remains in read status register mode until the next read array command is written. The status register
can be read to determine the result of auto-programming after/auto-programming has completed.
Start
Write the command code 40h to
the write address
Write data to the write address
No
FMR00 = 1?
Yes
Full status check
Program completed
Figure 17.12 Program Command
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.3.5 Block Erase
When 20h is written in the first bus cycle and D0h is written to a given address of a block in the
second bus cycle, an auto-erase operation (erase and verify) of the specified block starts.
The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register can be used to determine whether auto-erasure has completed.
The FMR00 bit is set to 0 during auto-erasure and set to 1 when auto-erasure completes.
The FMR07 bit in the FMR0 register can be used to determine the result of auto-erasure after
auto-erasure has completed. (Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check.)
When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 0 (rewriting disable) or the FMR02 bit is set to 1
(rewrite enabled) and the FMR15 bit in the FMR1 register is set to 1 (rewriting disable), the block
erase commands targeting block 0 are not acknowledged. When the FMR16 bit is set to 1 (rewriting
disable), the block erase commands targeting block 1 are not acknowledged.
Do not use the block erase command during program-suspend.
Figure 17.13 shows the Block Erase Command (When Not Using Erase-Suspend Function). Figure
17.14 shows the Block Erase Command (When Using Erase-Suspend Function).
In EW1 mode, do not execute this command for any address to which a rewrite control program is
allocated.
In EW0 mode, the MCU enters read status register mode at the same time auto-erasure starts and
the status register can be read. The status register bit 7 (SR7) is set to 0 at the same time
auto-erasure starts and set back to 1 when auto-erasure completes. In this case, the MCU remains in
read status register mode until the next read array command is written.
Start
Write the command code 20h
Write D0h to a given block
address
No
FMR00 = 1?
Yes
Full status check
Block erase completed
Figure 17.13 Block Erase Command (When Not Using Erase-Suspend Function)
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17. Flash Memory Version
EW0 Mode
Start
Maskable interrupt(1, 2)
FMR40 = 1
FMR41 = 1
No
Write the command code 20h
FMR46 = 1 ?
Yes
Write D0h to any block
address
Access flash memory
FMR41 = 0
REIT
No
FMR00 = 1?
Yes
Full status check
Block erase completed
EW1 Mode
Start
Maskable interrupt(2)
Access flash memory
REIT
FMR40 = 1
Write the command code 20h
Write D0h to any block address
FMR41 = 0
No
FMR00 = 1 ?
Yes
Full status check
Block erase completed
NOTES:
1. In EW0 mode, the interrupt vector table and interrupt routine for interrupts to be used should be allocated
to the RAM area.
2. td(SR-ES) is needed until the interrupt request is acknowledged after it is generated. The interrupt to enter
erase-suspend should be in interrupt enabled status.
Figure 17.14 Block Erase Command (When Using Erase-Suspend Function)
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.4 Status Register
The status register indicates the operating status of the flash memory and whether an erase or
program operation has completed normally or in error. Status of the status register can be read by bits
FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 in the FMR0 register.
Table 17.5 lists the Status Register Bits.
In EW0 mode, the status register can be read in the following cases:
• When a given address in the user ROM area is read after writing the read status register
command
• When a given address in the user ROM area is read after executing the program or block erase
command but before executing the read array command.
17.4.4.1 Sequencer Status (Bits SR7 and FMR00)
The sequencer status bits indicate the operating status of the flash memory. SR7 is set to 0 (busy)
during/auto-programming and auto-erasure, and is set to 1 (ready) at the same time the operation
completes.
17.4.4.2 Erase Status (Bits SR5 and FMR07)
Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check.
17.4.4.3 Program Status (Bits SR4 and FMR06)
Refer to 17.4.5 Full Status Check.
Table 17.5
Status Register Bits
Description
Value after
Reset
Status Register Bit FMR0 Register Bit Status Name
0
1
SR0 (D0)
SR1 (D1)
SR2 (D2)
SR3 (D3)
SR4 (D4)
−
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
0
−
−
−
FMR06
Program status Completed
normally
Error
SR5 (D5)
FMR07
Erase status
Completed
normally
−
Error
0
SR6 (D6)
SR7 (D7)
−
Reserved
Sequencer
status
−
−
FMR00
Busy
Ready
1
• D0 to D7: Indicate the data bus which is read when the read status register command is executed.
• Bits FMR07 (SR5) to FMR06 (SR4) are set to 0 by executing the clear status register command.
• When the FMR07 bit (SR5) or FMR06 bit (SR4) is set to 1, the program and block erase commands
cannot be accepted.
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.4.5 Full Status Check
When an error occurs, bits FMR06 to FMR07 in the FMR0 register are set to 1, indicating the
occurrence of an error. Therefore, checking these status bits (full status check) can be used to
determine the execution result.
Table 17.6 lists the Errors and FMR0 Register Status. Figure 17.15 shows the Full Status Check and
Handling Procedure for Individual Errors.
Table 17.6
Errors and FMR0 Register Status
FRM00 Register (Status
Register) Status
Error
Error Occurrence Condition
FMR07(SR5) FMR06(SR4)
1
1
Command
• When a command is not written correctly.
• When invalid data other than that which can be written
in the second bus cycle of the block erase command is
sequence error
(1)
written (i.e., other than D0h or FFh)
• When the program command or block erase command
is executed while rewriting is disabled using the FMR02
bit in the FMR0 register, or the FMR15 or FMR16 bit in
the FMR1 register.
• When an address not allocated in flash memory is input
during erase command input.
• When attempting to erase the block for which rewriting
is disabled during erase command input.
• When an address not allocated in flash memory is input
during write command input.
• When attempting to write the block for which rewriting
is disabled during write command input.
1
0
0
1
Erase error
• When the block erase command is executed but
auto-erasure does not complete correctly.
Program error • When the program command is executed but
auto-programming does not complete correctly.
NOTE:
1. The MCU enters read array mode when FFh is written in the second bus cycle of these commands.
At the same time, the command code written in the first bus cycle is disabled.
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17. Flash Memory Version
Command sequence error
Full status check
Execute the clear status register command
(set these status flags to 0)
FMR06 = 1
Yes
and
Command sequence error
FMR07 = 1?
Check if command is properly input
Re-execute the command
No
Yes
Erase error
FMR07 = 0?
Erase error
No
Execute the clear status register command
(set these status flags to 0)
Erase command
re-execution times ≤ 3 times?
No
Block targeting for erasure
cannot be used
Yes
Yes
FMR06 = 0?
Program error
Re-execute block erase command
No
Program error
Execute the clear status register
command
(set these status flags to 0)
Full status check completed
Specify the other address besides the
write address where the error occurs for
the program address(1)
NOTE:
1. To rewrite to the address where the program error occurs, check if the full
status check is complete normally and write to the address after the block
erase command is executed.
Re-execute program command
Figure 17.15 Full Status Check and Handling Procedure for Individual Errors
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.5 Standard Serial I/O Mode
In standard serial I/O mode, the user ROM area can be rewritten while the MCU is mounted on-board by
using a serial programmer which is suitable for the MCU.
Standard serial I/O mode is used to connect with a serial programmer using a special clock
asynchronous serial I/O.
There are three standard serial I/O modes:
• Standard serial I/O mode 1.......... Clock synchronous serial I/O used to connect with a serial
programmer
• Standard serial I/O mode 2.......... Clock asynchronous serial I/O used to connect with a serial
programmer
• Standard serial I/O mode 3.......... Special clock asynchronous serial I/O used to connect with a serial
programmer
This MCU uses standard serial I/O mode 2 and standard serial I/O mode 3.
Refer to Appendix 2. Connection Examples between Serial Writer and On-Chip Debugging
Emulator. Contact the manufacturer of your serial programmer for additional information. Refer to the
user’s manual of your serial programmer for details on how to use it.
Table 17.7 lists the Pin Functions (Flash Memory Standard Serial I/O Mode 2), Table 17.8 lists the Pin
Functions (Flash Memory Standard Serial I/O Mode 3). Figure 17.16 shows Pin Connections for
Standard Serial I/O Mode 3.
After processing the pins shown in Table 17.8 and rewriting the flash memory using a programmer, apply
“H” to the MODE pin and reset the hardware to run a program in the flash memory in single-chip mode.
17.5.1 ID Code Check Function
The ID code check function determines whether the ID codes sent from the serial programmer and
those written in the flash memory match (refer to 17.3 Functions to Prevent Rewriting of Flash
Memory).
Table 17.7
Pin Functions (Flash Memory Standard Serial I/O Mode 2)
Pin
Name
Power input
I/O
Description
VCC,VSS
Apply the voltage guaranteed for programming and
erasure to the VCC pin and 0 V to the VSS pin.
Reset input pin.
Reset input
I
RESET
P4_6/XIN
P4_6 input/clock input
I
Connect a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator
between pins XIN and XOUT.
P4_7/XOUT
P4_7 input/clock output
I/O
AVCC, AVSS Analog power supply input I
Connect AVSS to VSS and AVCC to VCC, respectively.
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
P1_0 to P1_7 Input port P1
P3_3 to P3_5 Input port P3
I
I
I
P4_2/VREF
MODE
P3_7
Input port P4
MODE
I/O Input “L”.
TXD output
RXD input
O
I
Serial data output pin.
Serial data input pin.
P4_5
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17. Flash Memory Version
Table 17.8
Pin Functions (Flash Memory Standard Serial I/O Mode 3)
Name I/O Description
Power input
Pin
VCC,VSS
Apply the voltage guaranteed for programming and
erasure to the VCC pin and 0 V to the VSS pin.
Reset input pin.
Reset input
I
RESET
P4_6/XIN
P4_6 input/clock input
I
Connect a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator
between pins XIN and XOUT when connecting external
oscillator. Apply “H” and “L” or leave the pin open when
using as input port
P4_7/XOUT
P4_7 input/clock output
I/O
AVCC, AVSS Analog power supply input I
Connect AVSS to VSS and AVCC to VCC, respectively.
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
P1_0 to P1_7 Input port P1
P3_3 to P3_5, Input port P3
P3_7
I
I
P4_2/VREF,
P4_5
Input port P4
I
Input “H” or “L” level signal or leave the pin open.
MODE
MODE
I/O Serial data I/O pin. Connect to flash programmer.
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17. Flash Memory Version
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
RESET
Connect
oscillator
circuit(1)
VSS
VCC
MODE
Package: PLSP0020JB-A
NOTE:
1. It is not necessary to connect an oscillating circuit
when operating with the on-chip oscillator clock.
Mode Setting
Signal
Value
Voltage from programmer
MODE
VSS → VCC
RESET
Figure 17.16 Pin Connections for Standard Serial I/O Mode 3
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.5.1.1 Example of Circuit Application in the Standard Serial I/O Mode
Figure 17.17 shows an example of Pin Processing in Standard Serial I/O Mode 2, and Figure 17.18
shows Pin Processing in Standard Serial I/O Mode 3. Since the controlled pins vary depending on the
programmer, refer to the manual of your serial programmer for details.
MCU
Data output
Data input
TXD
RXD
MODE
(1) In this example, modes are switched between single-chip mode and standard
serial I/O mode by controlling the MODE input with a switch.
(2) Connecting an oscillator is necessary. Set the main clock frequency to
between 1 MHz and 20 MHz. Refer to Appendix 2.1 Connection Example
with M16C Flash Starter (M3A-0806).
Figure 17.17 Pin Processing in Standard Serial I/O Mode 2
MCU
MODE
I/O
MODE
Reset input
RESET
Userr reset signal
(1) Controlled pins and external circuits vary depending on the programmer.
Refer to the programmer manual for details.
(2) In this example, modes are switched between single-chip mode and
standard serial I/O mode by connecting a programmer.
(3) When operating with the on-chip oscillator clock, it is not necessary to
connection oscillating circuit.
Figure 17.18 Pin Processing in Standard Serial I/O Mode 3
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 198 of 233
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.6 Parallel I/O Mode
Parallel I/O mode is used to input and output software commands, addresses, and data necessary to
control (read, program, and erase) the on-chip flash memory. Use a parallel programmer which supports
this MCU. Contact the manufacturer of the parallel programmer for more information, and refer to the
user’s manual of the parallel programmer for details on how to use it.
ROM areas shown in Figures 17.1 and 17.2 can be rewritten in parallel I/O mode.
17.6.1 ROM Code Protect Function
The ROM code protect function disables the reading and rewriting of the flash memory. (Refer to the
17.3 Functions to Prevent Rewriting of Flash Memory.)
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17. Flash Memory Version
17.7 Notes on Flash Memory Version
17.7.1 CPU Rewrite Mode
17.7.1.1 Operating Speed
Before entering CPU rewrite mode (EW0 mode), select 5 MHz or below for the CPU clock using the
CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM16 to CM17 in the CM1 register. This does note apply to
EW1 mode.
17.7.1.2 Prohibited Instructions
The following instructions cannot be used in EW0 mode because they reference data in the flash
memory: UND, INTO, and BRK.
17.7.1.3 Interrupts
Table 17.9 lists the EW0 Mode Interrupts and Table 17.10 lists the EW1 Mode Interrupts.
Table 17.9
Mode
EW0 Mode Interrupts
When Watchdog Timer, Oscillation Stop
Detection and Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt
Request is Acknowledged
When Maskable Interrupt
Request is Acknowledged
Status
EW0 During auto-erasure Any interrupt can be used Once an interrupt request is acknowledged,
by allocating a vector in
RAM
auto-programming or auto-erasure is forcibly
stopped immediately and the flash memory is
reset. Interrupt handing starts after the fixed
period and the flash memory restarts. Since
the block during auto-erasure or the address
during auto-programming is forcibly stopped,
the normal value may not be read. Execute
auto-erasure again and ensure it completes
normally.
Auto-programming
Since the watchdog timer does not stop during
the command operation, interrupt requests
may be generated. Reset the watchdog timer
regularly.
NOTES:
1. Do not use the address match interrupt while a command is being executed because the vector of
the address match interrupt is allocated in ROM.
2. Do not use a non-maskable interrupt while block 0 is being automatically erased because the fixed
vector is allocated in block 0.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 200 of 233
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17. Flash Memory Version
Table 17.10 EW1 Mode Interrupts
When Watchdog Timer, Oscillation
Stop Detection and Voltage Monitor 2
Interrupt Request are Acknowledged
Once an interrupt request is
acknowledged, auto-programming or
auto-erasure is forcibly stopped
When Maskable Interrupt Request is
Acknowledged
Mode
Status
EW1 During
auto-erasure
(erase- suspend
Auto-erasure is suspended after
td(SR-ES) and interrupt handing is
executed. Auto-erasure can be
function enabled) restarted by setting the FMR41 bit in immediately and the flash memory is
the FMR4 register to 0 (erase restart) reset. Interrupt handing starts after the
after interrupt handing completes.
Auto-erasure has priority and the
interrupt request acknowledgement
is put on standby. Interrupt handing
fixed period and the flash memory
restarts. Since the block during
During
auto-erasure
(erase- suspend
auto-erasure or the address during
auto-programming is forcibly stopped,
the normal value may not be read.
Execute auto-erasure again and
ensure it completes normally.
function disabled) is executed after auto-erasure
completes.
During
Auto-programming is suspended
Since the watchdog timer does not
stop during the command operation,
interrupt requests may be generated.
Reset the watchdog timer regularly
using the erase-suspend function.
auto-programming after td(SR-SUS) and interrupt
(program suspend handing is executed.
function enabled) Auto-programming can be restarted
by setting the FMR42 bit in the FMR4
register to 0 (program restart) after
interrupt handing completes.
During
Auto-programming has priority and
auto-programming the interrupt request
(program suspend acknowledgement is put on standby.
function disabled) Interrupt handing is executed after
auto-programming completes.
NOTES:
1. Do not use the address match interrupt while a command is executing because the vector of the
address match interrupt is allocated in ROM.
2. Do not use a non-maskable interrupt while block 0 is being automatically erased because the fixed
vector is allocated in block 0.
17.7.1.4 How to Access
Write 0 before writing 1 when setting the FMR01, FMR02, or FMR11 bit to 1. Do not generate an
interrupt between writing 0 and 1.
17.7.1.5 Rewriting User ROM Area
In EW0 Mode, if the supply voltage drops while rewriting any block in which a rewrite control program
is stored, it may not be possible to rewrite the flash memory because the rewrite control program
cannot be rewritten correctly. In this case, use standard serial I/O mode.
17.7.1.6 Program
Do not write additions to the already programmed address.
17.7.1.7 Entering Stop Mode or Wait Mode
Do not enter stop mode or wait mode during erase-suspend.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 201 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
VCC
Parameter
Supply voltage
Condition
VCC = AVCC
Rated Value
Unit
V
-0.3 to 6.5
-0.3 to 6.5
AVCC
Analog supply voltage
VCC = AVCC
V
VI
Input voltage
-0.3 to VCC+0.3
-0.3 to VCC+0.3
300
V
V
VO
Pd
Output voltage
Power dissipation
Topr = 25°C
mW
°C
°C
Topr
Tstg
Operating ambient temperature
Storage temperature
-20 to 85 / -40 to 85 (D version)
-65 to 150
Table 18.2
Recommended Operating Conditions
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Unit
Min.
Typ.
−
Max.
5.5
−
VCC
Supply voltage
2.7
V
V
AVCC
VSS
Analog supply voltage
Supply voltage
−
VCC
0
−
−
V
AVSS
VIH
Analog supply voltage
Input “H” voltage
−
0
−
V
0.8VCC
−
VCC
0.2VCC
-60
V
VIL
Input “L” voltage
0
−
V
IOH(sum)
Peak sum output Sum of all
−
−
mA
“H” current
pins IOH (peak)
IOH(peak)
IOH(avg)
IOL(sum)
Peak output “H” current
−
−
−
−
−
−
-10
-5
mA
mA
mA
Average output “H” current
Peak sum output Sum of all
60
“L” currents
pins IOL (peak)
IOL(peak)
Peak output “L”
currents
Except P1_0 to P1_3
P1_0 to P1_3
−
−
−
−
−
−
0
0
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
10
30
10
5
mA
mA
Drive capacity HIGH
Drive capacity LOW
mA
IOL(avg)
Average output
“L” current
Except P1_0 to P1_3
P1_0 to P1_3
mA
Drive capacity HIGH
Drive capacity LOW
3.0 V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5 V
2.7 V ≤ VCC < 3.0 V
15
5
mA
mA
f(XIN)
Main clock input oscillation frequency
20
10
MHz
MHz
NOTES:
1. VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V at Topr = -20 to 85 °C / -40 to 85 °C, unless otherwise specified.
2. Typical values when average output current is 100 ms.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 202 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.3
Comparator Characteristics
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min.
−
Typ.
−
Max.
1
−
Resolution
Bit
mV
µs
φAD = 10 MHz(3)
φAD = 10 MHz(3)
−
Absolute accuracy
Conversion time
−
−
±20
−
tconv
Vref
VIA
−
1
−
Reference voltage
0
−
AVCC
AVCC
10
V
Analog input voltage
0
−
V
Comparator conversion operating clock
frequency(2)
1
−
MHz
NOTES:
1. VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V at Topr = -20 to 85 °C / -40 to 85 °C, unless otherwise specified.
2. If f1 exceeds 10 MHz, divided f1 and ensure the comparator conversion operating clock frequency (φAD) is 10 MHz or below.
3. If AVcc is less than 4.2 V, divided f1 and ensure the comparator conversion operating clock frequency (φAD) is f1/2 or below.
P1
30pF
P3
P4
Figure 18.1
Port P1, P3, and P4 Measurement Circuit
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 203 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.4
Flash Memory (Program ROM) Electrical Characteristics
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
R8C/18 Group
Min.
100(3)
Typ.
−
Max.
−
Program/erase endurance(2)
−
times
times
µs
1,000(3)
R8C/19 Group
−
−
−
Byte program time
Block erase time
−
−
−
50
0.4
−
400
9
−
s
td(SR-SUS)
Time delay from suspend request until
suspend
97+CPUclock
× 6 cycles
µs
−
−
−
Interval from erase start/restart until
following suspend request
650
0
−
−
−
−
µs
ns
µs
Interval from program start/restart until
following suspend request
−
Time from suspend until program/erase
restart
−
3+CPU clock
× 4 cycles
−
−
−
−
Program, erase voltage
Read voltage
2.7
2.7
0
−
−
−
−
5.5
5.5
60
−
V
V
Program, erase temperature
Data hold time(8)
°C
Ambient temperature = 55 °C
20
year
NOTES:
1. VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V at Topr = 0 to 60 °C, unless otherwise specified.
2. Definition of programming/erasure endurance
The programming and erasure endurance is defined on a per-block basis.
If the programming and erasure endurance is n (n = 100 or 10,000), each block can be erased n times. For example, if 1,024
1-byte writes are performed to block A, a 1 Kbyte block, and then the block is erased, the programming/erasure endurance
still stands at one. However, the same address must not be programmed more than once per erase operation (overwriting
prohibited).
3. Endurance to guarantee all electrical characteristics after program and erase. (1 to Min. value can be guaranteed).
4. If emergency processing is required, a suspend request can be generated independent of this characteristic. In that case the
normal time delay to Suspend can be applied to the request.However, we recommend that a suspend request with an interval
of less than 650 µs is only used once because, if the suspend state continues, erasure cannot operate and the incidence of
erasure error rises.
5. In a system that executes multiple programming operations, the actual erasure count can be reduced by writing to sequential
addresses in turn so that as much of the block as possible is used up before performing an erase operation. For example,
when programming groups of 16 bytes, the effective number of rewrites can be minimized by programming up to 128 groups
before erasing them all in one operation. In addition, averaging the number of erase operations between block A and block B
can further reduce the effective number of rewrites. It is also advisable to retain data on the erase count of each block and
limit the number of erase operations to a certain number.
6. If an error occurs during block erase, attempt to execute the clear status register command, then execute the block erase
command at least three times until the erase error does not occur.
7. Customers desiring programming/erasure failure rate information should contact their Renesas technical support
representative.
8. The data hold time includes time that the power supply is off or the clock is not supplied.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 204 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.5
Flash Memory (Data flash Block A, Block B) Electrical Characteristics
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min.
10,000(3)
−
Typ.
−
Max.
−
Program/erase endurance(2)
−
−
times
Byte program time
50
400
µs
(Program/erase endurance ≤ 1,000 times)
−
Byte program time
(Program/erase endurance > 1,000 times)
−
−
65
0.2
0.3
−
−
9
−
µs
s
−
Block erase time
(Program/erase endurance ≤ 1,000 times)
−
Block erase time
(Program/erase endurance > 1,000 times)
−
s
td(SR-SUS)
Time delay from suspend request until
suspend
−
97+CPUclock
× 6 cycles
µs
µs
ns
µs
−
−
−
Interval from erase start/restart until
following suspend request
650
0
−
−
Interval from program start/restart until
following suspend request
−
−
Time from suspend until program/erase
restart
−
−
3+CPU clock
× 4 cycles
−
−
−
−
Program, erase voltage
Read voltage
2.7
2.7
−
−
−
−
5.5
5.5
85
−
V
V
-20(8)
20
Program, erase temperature
°C
Data hold time(9)
Ambient temperature = 55 °C
year
NOTES:
1. VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V at Topr = -20 to 85 °C / -40 to 85 °C, unless otherwise specified.
2. Definition of programming/erasure endurance
The programming and erasure endurance is defined on a per-block basis.
If the programming and erasure endurance is n (n = 100 or 10,000), each block can be erased n times. For example, if 1,024
1-byte writes are performed to block A, a 1 Kbyte block, and then the block is erased, the programming/erasure endurance
still stands at one. However, the same address must not be programmed more than once per erase operation (overwriting
prohibited).
3. Endurance to guarantee all electrical characteristics after program and erase. (1 to Min. value can be guaranteed).
4. If emergency processing is required, a suspend request can be generated independent of this characteristic. In that case the
normal time delay to suspend can be applied to the request. However, we recommend that a suspend request with an interval
of less than 650 µs is only used once because, if the suspend state continues, erasure cannot operate and the incidence of
erasure error rises.
5. In a system that executes multiple programming operations, the actual erasure count can be reduced by writing to sequential
addresses in turn so that as much of the block as possible is used up before performing an erase operation. For example,
when programming groups of 16 bytes, the effective number of rewrites can be minimized by programming up to 128 groups
before erasing them all in one operation. It is also advisable to retain data on the erase count of each block and limit the
number of erase operations to a certain number.
6. If an error occurs during block erase, attempt to execute the clear status register command, then execute the block erase
command at least three times until the erase error does not occur.
7. Customers desiring programming/erasure failure rate information should contact their Renesas technical support
representative.
8. -40 °C for D version.
9. The data hold time includes time that the power supply is off or the clock is not supplied.
Suspend request
(Maskable interrupt request)
FMR46
Clock-dependent
Fixed time (97 µs)
time
Access restart
td(SR-SUS)
Figure 18.2
Transition Time to Suspend
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 205 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.6
Voltage Detection 1 Circuit Electrical Characteristics
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Voltage detection level(3)
Condition
Min.
2.70
−
Typ.
2.85
600
−
Max.
3.00
−
Vdet1
−
V
Voltage detection circuit self power consumption
Waiting time until voltage detection circuit operation
starts(2)
VCA26 = 1, VCC = 5.0 V
nA
µs
td(E-A)
−
100
Vccmin
MCU operating voltage minimum value
2.7
−
−
V
NOTES:
1. The measurement condition is VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V and Topr = -40°C to 85 °C.
2. Necessary time until the voltage detection circuit operates when setting to 1 again after setting the VCA26 bit in the VCA2
register to 0.
3. Ensure that Vdet2 > Vdet1.
Table 18.7
Voltage Detection 2 Circuit Electrical Characteristics
Standard
Typ.
3.30
40
Symbol
Parameter
Voltage detection level(4)
Condition
Unit
Min.
3.00
−
Max.
3.60
−
Vdet2
V
Voltage monitor 2 interrupt request generation time(2)
Voltage detection circuit self power consumption
Waiting time until voltage detection circuit operation
starts(3)
−
µs
nA
µs
−
VCA27 = 1, VCC = 5.0 V
−
600
−
td(E-A)
−
−
100
NOTES:
1. The measurement condition is VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V and Topr = -40°C to 85 °C.
2. Time until the voltage monitor 2 interrupt request is generated after the voltage passes Vdet1.
3. Necessary time until the voltage detection circuit operates when setting to 1 again after setting the VCA27 bit in the VCA2
register to 0.
4. Ensure that Vdet2 > Vdet1.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 206 of 233
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18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.8
Reset Circuit Electrical Characteristics (When Using Voltage Monitor 1 Reset)
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Standard
Unit
Min.
−
Typ.
−
Max.
Vdet1
100
Vpor2
Power-on reset valid voltage
-20°C ≤ Topr ≤ 85°C
-20°C ≤ Topr ≤ 85°C,
tw(por2) ≥ 0s(3)
V
tw(Vpor2-Vdet1) Supply voltage rising time when power-on reset is
deasserted(1)
−
−
ms
NOTES:
1. This condition is not applicable when using with Vcc ≥ 1.0 V.
2. When turning power on after the time to hold the external power below effective voltage (Vpor1) exceeds10 s, refer to Table
18.9 Reset Circuit Electrical Characteristics (When Not Using Voltage Monitor 1 Reset).
3. tw(por2) is the time to hold the external power below effective voltage (Vpor2).
Table 18.9
Reset Circuit Electrical Characteristics (When Not Using Voltage Monitor 1 Reset)
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Standard
Unit
Min.
−
Typ.
−
Max.
0.1
Vpor1
Power-on reset valid voltage
-20°C ≤ Topr ≤ 85°C
0°C ≤ Topr ≤ 85°C,
tw(por1) ≥ 10 s(2)
V
tw(Vpor1-Vdet1)
tw(Vpor1-Vdet1)
tw(Vpor1-Vdet1)
tw(Vpor1-Vdet1)
Supply voltage rising time when power-on reset is
deasserted
−
−
100
ms
Supply voltage rising time when power-on reset is
deasserted
-20°C ≤ Topr < 0°C,
tw(por1) ≥ 30 s(2)
−
−
−
−
−
−
100
1
ms
ms
ms
Supply voltage rising time when power-on reset is
deasserted
-20°C ≤ Topr < 0°C,
tw(por1) ≥ 10 s(2)
Supply voltage rising time when power-on reset is
deasserted
0°C ≤ Topr ≤ 85°C,
tw(por1) ≥ 1 s(2)
0.5
NOTES:
1. When not using voltage monitor 1, use with Vcc ≥ 2.7 V.
2. tw(por1) is the time to hold the external power below effective voltage (Vpor1).
(3)
(3)
Vdet1
Vdet1
Vccmin
Vpor2
Vpor1
Sampling time(1, 2)
tw(Vpor1–Vdet1)
tw(por1)
tw(por2) tw(Vpor2–Vdet1)
Internal
reset signal
(“L” valid)
1
1
× 32
× 32
fRING-S
fRING-S
NOTES:
1. Hold the voltage inside the MCU operation voltage range (Vccmin or above) within the sampling time.
2. The sampling clock can be selected. Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details.
3. Vdet1 indicates the voltage detection level of the voltage detection 1 circuit. Refer to 7. Voltage Detection Circuit for details.
Figure 18.3
Reset Circuit Electrical Characteristics
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 207 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.10 High-speed On-Chip Oscillator Circuit Electrical Characteristics
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Unit
Min.
Typ.
8
Max.
−
−
High-speed on-chip oscillator frequency when the
reset is deasserted
VCC = 5.0 V, Topr = 25 °C
−
−
MHz
0 to +60 °C/5 V ± 5 %(3)
High-speed on-chip oscillator frequency temperature
supply voltage dependence(2)
7.76
7.68
7.44
−
−
−
8.24
8.32
8.32
MHz
MHz
MHz
-20 to +85 °C/2.7 to 5.5 V(3)
-40 to +85 °C/2.7 to 5.5 V(3)
NOTES:
1. The measurement condition is VCC = 5.0 V and Topr = 25 °C.
2. Refer to 10.6.4 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock for notes on high-speed on-chip oscillator clock.
3. The standard value shows when the HRA1 register is assumed as the value in shipping and the HRA2 register value is set to
00h.
Table 18.11 Power Supply Circuit Timing Characteristics
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Unit
Min.
1
Typ.
Max.
2000
td(P-R)
Time for internal power supply stabilization during
power-on(2)
−
µs
STOP exit time(3)
td(R-S)
−
−
150
µs
NOTES:
1. The measurement condition is VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V and Topr = 25 °C.
2. Waiting time until the internal power supply generation circuit stabilizes during power-on.
3. Time until CPU clock supply starts after the interrupt is acknowledged to exit stop mode.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 208 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.12 Electrical Characteristics (1) [VCC = 5 V]
Standard
Unit
Symbol
VOH
Parameter
Except XOUT
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
VCC
VCC
VCC
Output “H” voltage
IOH = -5 mA
VCC − 2.0
VCC − 0.3
VCC − 2.0
−
−
−
V
V
V
IOH = -200 µA
XOUT
Drive capacity
HIGH
IOH = -1 mA
Drive capacity
LOW
IOH = -500 µA VCC − 2.0
−
VCC
V
VOL
Output “L” voltage
Except P1_0 to
P1_3, XOUT
IOL = 5 mA
−
−
−
−
−
2.0
0.45
2.0
V
V
V
IOL = 200 µA
P1_0 to P1_3
Drive capacity
HIGH
IOL = 15 mA
IOL = 5 mA
IOL = 200 µA
IOL = 1 mA
IOL = 500 µA
−
Drive capacity
LOW
−
−
−
−
−
−
2.0
0.45
2.0
V
V
V
V
V
Drive capacity
LOW
−
XOUT
Drive capacity
HIGH
−
Drive capacity
LOW
−
2.0
VT+-VT-
Hysteresis
0.2
1.0
INT0, INT1, INT2,
INT3, KI0, KI1, KI2,
KI3, CNTR0,
CNTR1, TCIN,
RXD0
0.2
−
2.2
V
RESET
IIH
IIL
Input “H” current
Input “L” current
VI = 5 V
VI = 0 V
VI = 0 V
−
−
−
−
5.0
-5.0
167
−
µA
µA
kΩ
MΩ
kHz
V
RPULLUP Pull-up resistance
30
−
50
1.0
125
−
RfXIN
Feedback resistance XIN
fRING-S
VRAM
Low-speed on-chip oscillator frequency
RAM hold voltage
40
2.0
250
−
During stop mode
NOTE:
1. VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V at Topr = -20 to 85 °C / -40 to 85 °C, f(XIN) = 20 MHz, unless otherwise specified.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 209 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.13 Electrical Characteristics (2) [Vcc = 5 V] (Topr = -40 to 85
°
C, unless otherwise specified.)
Standard
Unit
Symbol
ICC
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
9
Max.
15
Power supply current High-speed
XIN = 20 MHz (square wave)
−
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
(VCC = 3.3 to 5.5 V)
Single-chip mode,
output pins are open,
other pins are VSS,
comparator is
mode
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
XIN = 16 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
8
5
14
−
stopped
XIN = 10 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
Medium-
XIN = 20 MHz (square wave)
4
−
speed mode High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
XIN = 16 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
3
−
XIN = 10 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
2
−
High-speed
on-chip
oscillator
mode
Main clock off
4
8
High-speed on-chip oscillator on = 8 MHz
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
Main clock off
1.5
110
−
High-speed on-chip oscillator on = 8 MHz
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
Low-speed
on-chip
oscillator
mode
Main clock off
300
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
FMR47 = 1
Wait mode
Wait mode
Stop mode
Main clock off
−
−
−
40
38
80
76
µA
µA
µA
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
While a WAIT instruction is executed
Peripheral clock operation
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Main clock off
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
While a WAIT instruction is executed
Peripheral clock off
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Main clock off, Topr = 25 °C
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator off
CM10 = 1
0.8
3.0
Peripheral clock off
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 210 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Timing Requirements
(Unless Otherwise Specified: VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V at Ta = 25 °C) [VCC = 5 V]
Table 18.14 XIN Input
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
50
Max.
tc(XIN)
XIN input cycle time
XIN input “H” width
XIN input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(XIN)
tWL(XIN)
25
25
VCC = 5 V
tc(XIN)
tWH(XIN)
XIN input
tWL(XIN)
Figure 18.4
XIN Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 5 V
Table 18.15 CNTR0 Input, CNTR1 Input, INT1 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
100
40
Max.
tc(CNTR0)
CNTR0 input cycle time
CNTR0 input “H” width
CNTR0 input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(CNTR0)
tWL(CNTR0)
40
VCC = 5 V
tc(CNTR0)
tWH(CNTR0)
CNTR0 input
tWL(CNTR0)
Figure 18.5
CNTR0 Input, CNTR1 Input, INT1 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 5 V
Table 18.16 TCIN Input, INT3 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
Max.
400(1)
200(2)
200(2)
tc(TCIN)
TCIN input cycle time
TCIN input “H” width
TCIN input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(TCIN)
tWL(TCIN)
NOTES:
1. When using timer C input capture mode, adjust the cycle time to (1/timer C count source frequency x 3) or above.
2. When using timer C input capture mode, adjust the pulse width to (1/timer C count source frequency x 1.5) or above.
VCC = 5 V
tc(TCIN)
tWH(TCIN)
TCIN input
tWL(TCIN)
Figure 18.6
TCIN Input, INT3 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 5 V
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 211 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.17 Serial Interface
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
200
100
100
−
Max.
tc(CK)
CLKi input cycle time
CLKi input “H” width
CLKi input “L” width
TXDi output delay time
TXDi hold time
−
−
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tW(CKH)
tW(CKL)
td(C-Q)
th(C-Q)
tsu(D-C)
th(C-D)
−
50
−
0
RXDi input setup time
RXDi input hold time
50
−
90
−
i = 0 or 1
VCC = 5 V
tc(CK)
tW(CKH)
CLKi
tW(CKL)
th(C-Q)
TxDi
RxDi
td(C-Q)
tsu(D-C)
th(C-D)
Figure 18.7
Serial Interface Timing Diagram when VCC = 5 V
Table 18.18 External Interrupt INT0 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
Max.
250(1)
250(2)
tW(INH)
−
−
ns
ns
INT0 input “H” width
INT0 input “L” width
tW(INL)
NOTES:
1. When selecting the digital filter by the INT0 input filter select bit, use an INT0 input HIGH width of either (1/digital filter clock
frequency x 3) or the minimum value of standard, whichever is greater.
2. When selecting the digital filter by the INT0 input filter select bit, use an INT0 input LOW width of either (1/digital filter clock
frequency x 3) or the minimum value of standard, whichever is greater.
VCC = 5 V
tW(INL)
INT0 input
tW(INH)
Figure 18.8
External Interrupt INT0 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 5 V
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 212 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.19 Electrical Characteristics (3) [VCC = 3V]
Standard
Unit
Symbol
VOH
Parameter
Except XOUT
Condition
Min.
Typ.
−
Max.
VCC
VCC
Output “H” voltage
IOH = -1 mA
VCC − 0.5
V
V
XOUT
Drive capacity
HIGH
IOH = -0.1 mA VCC − 0.5
−
Drive capacity
LOW
IOH = -50 µA
VCC − 0.5
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
VCC
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.8
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
VOL
Output “L” voltage
Except P1_0 to
P1_3, XOUT
IOL = 1mA
−
−
P1_0 to P1_3
Drive capacity
HIGH
IOL = 2 mA
IOL = 1 mA
IOL = 0.1 mA
IOL = 50 µA
Drive capacity
LOW
−
XOUT
Drive capacity
HIGH
−
Drive capacity
LOW
−
VT+-VT-
Hysteresis
0.2
INT0, INT1, INT2,
INT3, KI0, KI1, KI2,
KI3, CNTR0,
CNTR1, TCIN,
RXD0
0.2
−
1.8
V
RESET
IIH
IIL
Input “H” current
Input “L” current
VI = 3 V
VI = 0 V
VI = 0 V
−
−
−
−
4.0
-4.0
500
−
µA
µA
kΩ
MΩ
kHz
V
RPULLUP Pull-up resistance
66
−
160
3.0
125
−
RfXIN
Feedback resistance XIN
fRING-S
VRAM
Low-speed on-chip oscillator frequency
RAM hold voltage
40
2.0
250
−
During stop mode
NOTE:
1. VCC = 2.7 to 3.3 V at Topr = -20 to 85 °C / -40 to 85 °C, f(XIN) = 10 MHz, unless otherwise specified.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 213 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.20 Electrical Characteristics (4) [Vcc = 3V] (Topr = -40 to 85
°C, unless otherwise specified.)
Standard
Unit
Symbol
ICC
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
8
Max.
13
Power supply current High-speed
XIN = 20 MHz (square wave)
−
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
(VCC = 2.7 to 3.3 V)
Single-chip mode,
output pins are open,
other pins are VSS,
comparator is
mode
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
XIN = 16 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
7
5
12
−
stopped
XIN = 10 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
Medium-
XIN = 20 MHz (square wave)
3
−
speed mode High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
XIN = 16 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
2.5
1.6
3.5
1.5
100
−
XIN = 10 MHz (square wave)
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
−
High-speed
on-chip
oscillator
mode
Main clock off
7.5
−
High-speed on-chip oscillator on = 8 MHz
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
No division
Main clock off
High-speed on-chip oscillator on = 8 MHz
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
Low-speed
on-chip
oscillator
mode
Main clock off
280
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
Divide-by-8
FMR47 = 1
Wait mode
Wait mode
Stop mode
Main clock off
−
−
−
37
35
74
70
µA
µA
µA
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
While a WAIT instruction is executed
Peripheral clock operation
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Main clock off
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator on = 125 kHz
While a WAIT instruction is executed
Peripheral clock off
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Main clock off, Topr = 25 °C
High-speed on-chip oscillator off
Low-speed on-chip oscillator off
CM10 = 1
0.7
3.0
Peripheral clock off
VCA27 = VCA26 = 0
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 214 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Timing requirements
(Unless Otherwise Specified: VCC = 3 V, VSS = 0 V at Ta = 25 °C) [VCC = 3 V]
Table 18.21 XIN Input
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
100
40
Max.
tc(XIN)
XIN input cycle time
XIN input “H” width
XIN input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(XIN)
tWL(XIN)
40
VCC = 3 V
tc(XIN)
tWH(XIN)
XIN input
tWL(XIN)
Figure 18.9
XIN Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 3 V
Table 18.22 CNTR0 Input, CNTR1 Input, INT1 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
300
120
120
Max.
tc(CNTR0)
CNTR0 input cycle time
CNTR0 input “H” width
CNTR0 input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(CNTR0)
tWL(CNTR0)
VCC = 3 V
tc(CNTR0)
tWH(CNTR0)
CNTR0 input
tWL(CNTR0)
Figure 18.10 CNTR0 Input, CNTR1 Input, INT1 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 3 V
Table 18.23 TCIN Input, INT3 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
1,200(1)
600(2)
600(2)
Max.
tc(TCIN)
TCIN input cycle time
TCIN input “H” width
TCIN input “L” width
−
−
−
ns
ns
ns
tWH(TCIN)
tWL(TCIN)
NOTES:
1. When using the timer C input capture mode, adjust the cycle time to (1/timer C count source frequency × 3) or above.
2. When using the timer C input capture mode, adjust the width to (1/timer C count source frequency × 1.5) or above.
VCC = 3 V
tc(TCIN)
tWH(TCIN)
TCIN input
tWL(TCIN)
Figure 18.11 TCIN Input, INT3 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 3 V
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 215 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
18. Electrical Characteristics
Table 18.24 Serial Interface
Standard
Unit
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
300
150
150
−
Max.
tc(CK)
CLKi input cycle time
CLKi input “H” width
CLKi input “L” width
TXDi output delay time
TXDi hold time
−
−
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tW(CKH)
tW(CKL)
td(C-Q)
th(C-Q)
tsu(D-C)
th(C-D)
−
80
−
0
RXDi input setup time
RXDi input hold time
70
−
90
−
i = 0 or 1
VCC = 3 V
tc(CK)
tW(CKH)
CLKi
tW(CKL)
th(C-Q)
TxDi
RxDi
td(C-Q)
tsu(D-C)
th(C-D)
Figure 18.12 Serial Interface Timing Diagram when VCC = 3 V
Table 18.25 External Interrupt INT0 Input
Standard
Symbol
Parameter
Unit
Min.
Max.
380(1)
380(2)
tW(INH)
−
ns
ns
INT0 input “H” width
INT0 input “L” width
tW(INL)
−
NOTES:
1. When selecting the digital filter by the INT0 input filter select bit, use an INT0 input HIGH width of either (1/digital filter clock
frequency x 3) or the minimum value of standard, whichever is greater.
2. When selecting the digital filter by the INT0 input filter select bit, use an INT0 input LOW width of either (1/digital filter clock
frequency x 3) or the minimum value of standard, whichever is greater.
VCC = 3 V
tW(INL)
INTi input
tW(INH)
Figure 18.13 External Interrupt INT0 Input Timing Diagram when VCC = 3 V
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 216 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
19. Usage Notes
19. Usage Notes
19.1 Notes on Clock Generation Circuit
19.1.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode
When entering stop mode or wait mode, an instruction queue pre-reads 4 bytes from the WAIT
instruction or an instruction that sets the CM10 bit in the CM1 register to 1 (stops all clocks) before the
program stops. Therefore, insert at least four NOPs after the WAIT instruction or an instruction that
sets the CM10 bit to 1.
19.1.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function
Since the oscillation stop detection function cannot be used if the main clock frequency is below 2
MHz, set bits OCD1 to OCD0 to 00b (oscillation stop detection function disabled) in this case.
19.1.3 Oscillation Circuit Constants
Ask the manufacturer of the oscillator to specify the best oscillation circuit constants for your system.
19.1.4 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock
The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency may be changed up to 10%(1) in flash memory CPU
rewrite mode during auto-program operation or auto-erase operation.
The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency after auto-program operation ends or auto-erase
operation ends is held the state before the program command or block erase command is generated.
Also, this note is not applicable when the read array command, read status register command, or
clear status register command is generated. The application products must be designed with careful
considerations for the frequency change.
NOTE:
1. Change ratio to 8 MHz frequency adjusted in shipping.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 217 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.2 Notes on Interrupts
19.2.1 Reading Address 00000h
Do not read address 00000h by a program. When a maskable interrupt request is acknowledged, the
CPU reads interrupt information (interrupt number and interrupt request level) from 00000h in the
interrupt sequence. At this time, the acknowledged interrupt IR bit is set to 0.
If address 00000h is read by a program, the IR bit for the interrupt which has the highest priority
among the enabled interrupts is set to 0. This may cause the interrupt to be canceled, or an
unexpected interrupt to be generated.
19.2.2 SP Setting
Set any value in the SP before an interrupt is acknowledged. The SP is set to 0000h after reset.
Therefore, if an interrupt is acknowledged before setting a value in the SP, the program may run out
of control.
19.2.3 External Interrupt and Key Input Interrupt
Either “L” level or “H” level of at least 250 ns width is necessary for the signal input to pins INT0 to
INT3 and pins KI0 to KI3 regardless of the CPU clock.
19.2.4 Watchdog Timer Interrupt
Reset the watchdog timer after a watchdog timer interrupt is generated.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 218 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.2.5 Changing Interrupt Sources
The IR bit in the interrupt control register may be set to 1 (interrupt requested) when the interrupt
source changes. When using an interrupt, set the IR bit to 0 (no interrupt requested) after changing
the interrupt source.
In addition, changes of interrupt sources include all factors that change the interrupt sources
assigned to individual software interrupt numbers, polarities, and timing. Therefore, if a mode change
of a peripheral function involves interrupt sources, edge polarities, and timing, set the IR bit to 0 (no
interrupt requested) after the change. Refer to the individual peripheral function for its related
interrupts.
Figure 19.1 shows an Example of Procedure for Changing Interrupt Sources.
Interrupt source change
Disable interrupts(2, 3)
Change interrupt source (including mode
of peripheral function)
Set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) using
the MOV instruction(3)
Enable interrupts(2, 3)
Change completed
IR bit: The interrupt control register bit of an
interrupt whose source is changed.
NOTES:
1. Execute the above settings individually. Do not execute
two or more settings at once (by one instruction).
2. Use the I flag for the INTi (i = 0 to 3) interrupts.
To prevent interrupt requests from being generated when
using peripheral function interrupts other than the INTi
interrupt, disable the peripheral function before changing
the interrupt source. In this case, use the I flag if all
maskable interrupts can be disabled. If all maskable
interrupts cannot be disabled, use bits ILVL0 to ILVL2 of
the interrupt whose source is changed.
3. Refer to 12.5.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register
Contents for the instructions to be used and usage notes.
Figure 19.1
Example of Procedure for Changing Interrupt Sources
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 219 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.2.6 Changing Interrupt Control Register Contents
(a) The contents of an interrupt control register can only be changed while no interrupt requests
corresponding to that register are generated. If interrupt requests may be generated, disable
interrupts before changing the interrupt control register contents.
(b) When changing the contents of an interrupt control register after disabling interrupts, be
careful to choose appropriate instructions.
Changing any bit other than IR bit
If an interrupt request corresponding to a register is generated while executing the instruction,
the IR bit may not be set to 1 (interrupt requested), and the interrupt request may be ignored.
If this causes a problem, use the following instructions to change the register: AND, OR,
BCLR, BSET
Changing IR bit
If the IR bit is set to 0 (interrupt not requested), it may not be set to 0 depending on the
instruction used. Therefore, use the MOV instruction to set the IR bit to 0.
(c) When disabling interrupts using the I flag, set the I flag as shown in the sample programs
below. Refer to (b) regarding changing the contents of interrupt control registers by the sample
programs.
Sample programs 1 to 3 are for preventing the I flag from being set to 1 (interrupts enabled) before
the interrupt control register is changed for reasons of the internal bus or the instruction queue buffer.
Example 1: Use NOP instructions to prevent I flag from being set to 1 before interrupt control
register is changed
INT_SWITCH1:
FCLR
I
; Disable interrupts
AND.B #00H,0056H
NOP
NOP
; Set TXIC register to 00h
;
FSET
I
; Enable interrupts
Example 2: Use dummy read to delay FSET instruction
INT_SWITCH2:
FCLR
AND.B #00H,0056H
MOV.W MEM,R0
I
; Disable interrupts
; Set TXIC register to 00h
; Dummy read
FSET
I
; Enable interrupts
Example 3: Use POPC instruction to change I flag
INT_SWITCH3:
PUSHC FLG
FCLR
I
; Disable interrupts
AND.B #00H,0056H
POPC FLG
; Set TXIC register to 00h
; Enable interrupts
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19. Usage Notes
19.3 Notes on Timers
19.3.1 Notes on Timer X
• Timer X stops counting after a reset. Set the values in the timer and prescaler before the count
starts.
• Even if the prescaler and timer are read out in 16-bit units, these registers are read 1 byte at a
time by the MCU. Consequently, the timer value may be updated during the period when these
two registers are being read.
• Do not rewrite bits TXMOD0 to TXMOD1, and bits TXMOD2 and TXS simultaneously.
• In pulse period measurement mode, bits TXEDG and TXUND in the TXMR register can be set to
0 by writing 0 to these bits by a program. However, these bits remain unchanged if 1 is written.
When using the READ-MODIFY-WRITE instruction for the TXMR register, the TXEDG or TXUND
bit may be set to 0 although these bits are set to 1 while the instruction is being executed. In this
case, write 1 to the TXEDG or TXUND bit which is not supposed to be set to 0 with the MOV
instruction.
• When changing to pulse period measurement mode from another mode, the contents of bits
TXEDG and TXUND are undefined. Write 0 to bits TXEDG and TXUND before the count starts.
• The TXEDG bit may be set to 1 by the prescaler X underflow generated after the count starts.
• When using the pulse period measurement mode, leave two or more periods of the prescaler X
immediately after the count starts, then set the TXEDG bit to 0.
• The TXS bit in the TXMR register has a function to instruct timer X to start or stop counting and a
function to indicate that the count has started or stopped.
0 (count stops) can be read until the following count source is applied after 1 (count starts) is
written to the TXS bit while the count is being stopped. If the following count source is applied, 1
can be read from the TXS bit. After writing 1 to the TXS bit, do not access registers associated
with timer X (registers TXMR, PREX, TX, TCSS, and TXIC) except for the TXS bit, until 1 can be
read from the TXS bit. The count starts at the following count source after the TXS bit is set to 1.
Also, after writing 0 (count stops) to the TXS bit during the count, timer X stops counting at the
following count source.
1 (count starts) can be read by reading the TXS bit until the count stops after writing 0 to the TXS
bit. After writing 0 to the TXS bit, do not access registers associated with timer X except for the
TXS bit, until 0 can be read from the TXS bit.
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19. Usage Notes
19.3.2 Notes on Timer Z
• Timer Z stops counting after a reset. Set the values in the timer and prescaler before the count
starts.
• Even if the prescaler and timer are read out in 16-bit units, these registers are read 1 byte at a
time by the MCU. Consequently, the timer value may be updated during the period when these
two registers are being read.
• Do not rewrite bits TZMOD0 to TZMOD1, and the TZS bit simultaneously.
• In programmable one-shot generation mode and programmable wait one-shot generation mode,
when setting the TZS bit in the TZMR register to 0 (stops counting) or setting the TZOS bit in the
TZOC register to 0 (stops one-shot), the timer reloads the value of the reload register and stops.
Therefore, in programmable one-shot generation mode and programmable wait one-shot
generation mode read the timer count value before the timer stops.
• The TZS bit in the TZMR register has a function to instruct timer Z to start or stop counting and a
function to indicate that the count has started or stopped.
0 (count stops) can be read until the following count source is applied after 1 (count starts) is
written to the TZS bit while the count is being stopped. If the following count source is applied, 1
can be read from the TZS bit. After writing 1 to the TZS bit, do not access registers associated
with timer Z (registers TZMR, PREZ, TZSC, TZPR, TZOC, PUM, TCSC, and TZIC) except for the
TZS bit, until 1 can be read from the TZS bit. The count starts at the following count source after
the TZS bit is set to 1.
Also, after writing 0 (count stops) to the TZS bit during the count, timer Z stops counting at the
following count source.
1 (count starts) can be read by reading the TZS bit until the count stops after writing 0 to the TZS
bit. After writing 0 to the TZS bit, do not access registers associated with timer Z except for the
TZS bit, until 0 can be read from the TZS bit.
19.3.3 Notes on Timer C
Access registers TC, TM0, and TM1 in 16-bit units.
The TC register can be read in 16-bit units. This prevents the timer value from being updated
between when the low-order bytes and high-order bytes are being read.
Example of reading timer C:
MOV.W
0090H,R0
; Read out timer C
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19. Usage Notes
19.4 Notes on Serial Interface
• When reading data from the U0RB register either in the clock asynchronous serial I/O mode or in the
clock synchronous serial I/O mode. Ensure the data is read in 16-bit units. When the high-order byte
of the U0RB register is read, bits PER and FER in the U0RB register and the RI bit in the U0C1
register are set to 0.
Example (when reading receive buffer register):
MOV.W
00A6H,R0
; Read the U0RB register
• When writing data to the U0TB register in the clock asynchronous serial I/O mode with 9-bit transfer
data length, write data to the high-order byte first then the low-order byte, in 8-bit units.
Example (when reading transmit buffer register):
MOV.B
MOV.B
#XXH,00A3H ; Write the high-order byte of U0TB register
#XXH,00A2H ; Write the low-order byte of U0TB register
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 223 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.5 Notes on Comparator
• Write to each bit (other than bit 6) in the ADCON0 register, each bit in the ADCON1 register, or the
CMPSEL bit in the ADCON2 register when the comparator conversion stops (before a trigger
occurs).
• When changing comparator conversion operating mode, select an analog input pin again.
• To use in one-shot mode, ensure that the comparator conversion is completed and the AD register is
read. The IR bit in the ADIC register or the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register can determine whether
the comparator conversion is completed.
• To use in repeat mode, use the undivided main clock as the CPU clock.
• If the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 0 (comparator conversion stops) by a program and
the comparator conversion is forcibly terminated during the comparator conversion operation, the
conversion result of the comparator will be indeterminate. If the ADST bit is set to 0 by a program, do
not use the AD register value.
• Connect a 0.1 µF capacitor between the VCC/AVCC pin and VSS/AVSS pin.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 224 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.6 Notes on Flash Memory Version
19.6.1 CPU Rewrite Mode
19.6.1.1 Operating Speed
Before entering CPU rewrite mode (EW0 mode), select 5 MHz or below for the CPU clock using the
CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM16 to CM17 in the CM1 register. This does note apply to
EW1 mode.
19.6.1.2 Prohibited Instructions
The following instructions cannot be used in EW0 mode because they reference data in the flash
memory: UND, INTO, and BRK.
19.6.1.3 Interrupts
Table 19.1 lists the EW0 Mode Interrupts and Table 19.2 lists the EW1 Mode Interrupts.
Table 19.1
Mode
EW0 Mode Interrupts
When Watchdog Timer, Oscillation Stop
Detection and Voltage Monitor 2 Interrupt
Request is Acknowledged
When Maskable Interrupt
Request is Acknowledged
Status
EW0 During auto-erasure Any interrupt can be used Once an interrupt request is acknowledged,
by allocating a vector in
RAM
auto-programming or auto-erasure is forcibly
stopped immediately and the flash memory is
reset. Interrupt handing starts after the fixed
period and the flash memory restarts. Since
the block during auto-erasure or the address
during auto-programming is forcibly stopped,
the normal value may not be read. Execute
auto-erasure again and ensure it completes
normally.
Auto-programming
Since the watchdog timer does not stop during
the command operation, interrupt requests
may be generated. Reset the watchdog timer
regularly.
NOTES:
1. Do not use the address match interrupt while a command is being executed because the vector of
the address match interrupt is allocated in ROM.
2. Do not use a non-maskable interrupt while block 0 is being automatically erased because the fixed
vector is allocated in block 0.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 225 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
Table 19.2
Mode
EW1 Mode Interrupts
When Watchdog Timer, Oscillation
When Maskable Interrupt Request is
Acknowledged
Status
Stop Detection and Voltage Monitor 2
Interrupt Request are Acknowledged
Once an interrupt request is
acknowledged, auto-programming or
auto-erasure is forcibly stopped
EW1 During auto-
erasure (erase-
Auto-erasure is suspended after
td(SR-ES) and interrupt handing is
suspend function executed. Auto-erasure can be
enabled)
restarted by setting the FMR41 bit in immediately and the flash memory is
the FMR4 register to 0 (erase restart) reset. Interrupt handing starts after the
after interrupt handing completes.
Auto-erasure has priority and the
interrupt request acknowledgement
fixed period and the flash memory
restarts. Since the block during auto-
erasure or the address during auto-
programming is forcibly stopped, the
normal value may not be read. Execute
auto-erasure again and ensure it
completes normally.
Since the watchdog timer does not
stop during the command operation,
interrupt requests may be generated.
Reset the watchdog timer regularly
using the erase-suspend function.
During auto-
erasure (erase-
suspend function is put on standby. Interrupt handing
disabled)
is executed after auto-erasure
completes.
During auto-
programming
Auto-programming is suspended
after td(SR-SUS) and interrupt
(program suspend handing is executed.
function enabled) Auto-programming can be restarted
by setting the FMR42 bit in the FMR4
register to 0 (program restart) after
interrupt handing completes.
During auto-
programming
Auto-programming has priority and
the interrupt request
(program suspend acknowledgement is put on standby.
function disabled) Interrupt handing is executed after
auto-programming completes.
NOTES:
1. Do not use the address match interrupt while a command is executing because the vector of the
address match interrupt is allocated in ROM.
2. Do not use a non-maskable interrupt while block 0 is being automatically erased because the fixed
vector is allocated in block 0.
19.6.1.4 How to Access
Write 0 before writing 1 when setting the FMR01, FMR02, or FMR11 bit to 1. Do not generate an
interrupt between writing 0 and 1.
19.6.1.5 Rewriting User ROM Area
In EW0 Mode, if the supply voltage drops while rewriting any block in which a rewrite control program
is stored, it may not be possible to rewrite the flash memory because the rewrite control program
cannot be rewritten correctly. In this case, use standard serial I/O mode.
19.6.1.6 Program
Do not write additions to the already programmed address.
19.6.1.7 Entering Stop Mode or Wait Mode
Do not enter stop mode or wait mode during erase-suspend.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 226 of 233
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19. Usage Notes
19.7 Notes on Noise
19.7.1 Inserting a Bypass Capacitor between VCC and VSS Pins as a
Countermeasure against Noise and Latch-Up
Connect a bypass capacitor (at least 0.1 µF) using the shortest and thickest wire possible.
19.7.2 Countermeasures against Noise Error of Port Control Registers
During rigorous noise testing or the like, external noise (mainly power supply system noise) can
exceed the capacity of the MCU’s internal noise control circuitry. In such cases the contents of the
port related registers may be changed.
As a firmware countermeasure, it is recommended that the port registers, port direction registers, and
pull-up control registers be reset periodically. However, examine the control processing fully before
introducing the reset routine as conflicts may be created between the reset routine and interrupt
routines.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 227 of 233
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20. Notes on On-chip Debugger
20. Notes on On-chip Debugger
When using on-chip debugger to develop and debug programs for the R8C/18 Group and R8C/19 Group,
take note of the following.
(1) Do not access the related UART1 registers.
(2) Do not use from addresses OC000h address to OC7FFh because the on-chip debugger uses these
addresses.
(3) Do not set the address match interrupt (registers AIER, RMAD0, and RMAD1 and fixed vector
tables) in a user system.
(4) Do not use the BRK instruction in a user system.
(5) A stack pointer of up to 8 bytes is used during user program breaks. Therefore, leave 8 bytes free
for the stack area.
Connecting and using the on-chip debugger has some special restrictions. Refer to the on-chip debugger
manual for on-chip debugger details.
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 228 of 233
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Appendix 1. Package Dimensions
Appendix 1. Package Dimensions
JEITA Package Code
RENESAS Code
PLSP0020JB-A
Previous Code
20P2F-A
MASS[Typ.]
0.1g
P-LSSOP20-4.4x6.5-0.65
11
20
NOTE)
F
1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2"
DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT
INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET.
1
10
Index mark
c
A2
A1
Dimension in Millimeters
Reference
Symbol
*2
D
Min Nom Max
D
E
6.4 6.5 6.6
4.3 4.4 4.5
1.15
A2
A
1.45
0.1 0.2
0
A1
bp
c
*3
bp
e
0.17 0.22 0.32
Detail F
y
0.2
10°
0.13 0.15
0°
HE
e
6.2 6.4 6.6
0.53 0.65 0.77
0.10
y
L
0.3 0.5 0.7
JEITA Package Code
P-SDIP20-6.3x19-1.78
RENESAS Code
PRDP0020BA-A
Previous Code
20P4B
MASS[Typ.]
1.0g
20
11
1
10
c
NOTE)
1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2"
DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT
INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET.
*2
D
Dimension in Millimeters
Reference
Symbol
Min Nom Max
e1
D
7.32 7.62 7.92
18.8 19.0 19.2
6.15 6.3 6.45
4.5
E
A
A1
A2
bp
b3
c
0.51
*3
b3
bp
e
3.3
SEATING PLANE
0.38 0.48 0.58
0.9 1.0 1.3
0.22 0.27 0.34
0°
15°
e
L
1.528 1.778 2.028
3.0
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 229 of 233
REJ09B0222-0130
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Appendix 1. Package Dimensions
JEITA Package Code
P-HWQFN28-5x5-0.50
RENESAS Code
Previous Code
MASS[Typ.]
0.05g
PWQN0028KA-B
28PJW-B
D
15
21
21
15
22
14
14
22
D2
Lp
28
8
28
8
7
1
7
1
e
bp
x
Dimension in Millimeters
Reference
F
Symbol
Min
4.9
4.9
Nom
5.0
Max
5.1
D
E
5.0
5.1
A2
A
0.75
0.8
A1
bp
e
0
0
0.05
0.25
y
0.15
0.2
0.5
0.6
Lp
x
0.5
0.7
0.05
0.05
2.0
Detail F
y
D2
E1
2.0
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 230 of 233
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R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Appendix 2. Connection Examples between Serial Writer and On-Chip Debugging
Appendix 2. Connection Examples between Serial Writer and On-Chip
Debugging Emulator
Appendix Figure 2.1 shows a Connection Example with M16C Flash Starter (M3A-0806) and Appendix
Figure 2.2 shows a Connection Example with E8 Emulator (R0E000080KCE00).
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
1
2
TXD
(2)
3
RESET
Connect oscillation
circuit(1)
VSS
4
5
VCC
6
7
8
MODE
9
10
10
TXD
7
1
VSS
VCC
RXD
4
M16C flash starter
(M3A-0806)
RXD
NOTES:
1. An oscillation circuit must be connected, even when operating with the on-chip oscillator clock.
2. Connect an external reset circuit.
Appendix Figure 2.1
Connection Example with M16C Flash Starter (M3A-0806)
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
1
2
3
Connect oscillation
circuit(1)
4
User reset signal
5
VSS
VCC
6
7
8
9
4.7kΩ
13
14
12
10
8
10
RESET
MODE
MODE
7
VCC
6
4
2
VSS
NOTE:
E8 emulator
(R0E000080KCE00)
1. It is not necessary to connect an oscillation circuit
when operating with the on-chip oscillator clock.
Appendix Figure 2.2
Connection Example with E8 Emulator (R0E000080KCE00)
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 231 of 233
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Appendix 3. Example of Oscillation Evaluation Circuit
Appendix 3. Example of Oscillation Evaluation Circuit
Appendix Figure 3.1 shows an Example of Oscillation Evaluation Circuit.
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
1
2
3
RESET
VSS
4
Connect
oscillation
circuit
5
6
7
8
9
10
NOTE:
1. Write a program to perform the evaluation.
Appendix Figure 3.1
Example of Oscillation Evaluation Circuit
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 232 of 233
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Register Index
Register Index
A
O
U
AD ..........................................166 OCD .........................................57 U0BRG ...................................148
ADCON0 .................................165 OFS ..................................98, 177 U0C0 ......................................150
ADCON1 .................................165
ADCON2 .................................166
ADIC ........................................77
AIER .........................................93
U0C1 ......................................151
U0MR .....................................149
U0RB ......................................148
U0TB ......................................148
U1BRG ...................................148
U1C0 ......................................150
U1C1 ......................................151
U1MR .....................................149
U1RB ......................................148
U1TB ......................................148
UCON .....................................151
P
P1 ............................................33
P3 ............................................33
P4 ............................................33
PD1 ..........................................33
C
CM0 .........................................55 PD3 ..........................................33
CM1 .........................................56 PD4 ..........................................33
CMP0IC ....................................77 PM0 ..........................................51
CMP1IC ....................................77 PM1 ..........................................51
CSPR .......................................99 PRCR .......................................71
PREX .....................................105
V
PREZ ......................................119
D
PUM .......................................120 VCA1 ........................................43
PUR0 ........................................34 VCA2 ........................................43
PUR1 ........................................34 VW1C .......................................44
VW2C .......................................45
DRR .........................................34
E
R
W
ñ¢égópí ....................................35
RMAD0 .....................................93
RMAD1 .....................................93 WDC .........................................98
WDTR .......................................99
F
WDTS .......................................99
S
FMR0 .....................................182
FMR1 .....................................183
FMR4 .....................................184
S0RIC .......................................77
S0TIC .......................................77
S1RIC .......................................77
S1TIC .......................................77
H
HRA0 .......................................58
HRA1 .......................................59
HRA2 .......................................59
T
TC ..........................................137
TCC0 ......................................138
TCC1 ......................................139
TCIC .........................................77
I
INT0F .......................................85 TCOUT ...................................140
INT0IC ......................................78 TCSS ..............................105, 121
INT1IC ......................................77 TM0 ........................................137
INT3IC ......................................77 TM1 ........................................137
INTEN ......................................85 TX ..........................................105
TXIC .........................................77
TXMR .....................................104
TZIC .........................................77
K
TZMR .....................................118
TZOC .....................................120
TZPR ......................................119
KIEN .........................................91
KUPIC ......................................77
TZSC ......................................119
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006 Page 233 of 233
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REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
Date
Page
0.10
0.21
Feb 15, 2005
Apr 04, 2005
−
4
First Edition issued
Figure 1.1 is partly revised.
5, 6
18
49
55
61
88
93
Table 1.3, Table1.4 are partly revised.
Table 4.3 is partly revised.
Figure 10.1 is partly revised.
“10.1 Main clock” is partly revised.
Table 10.4 is partly revised.
“12.4 Address Match Interrupt” is partly revised.
Table 13.1 is partly revised.
123, 127 Table 14.9, Table 14.10 are partly revised.
130
133
137
142
147
154
159
160
161
164
166
199
200
“14.2.5 Precautions on Timer Z” is partly revised.
Figure 14.26 is partly revised.
Table 14.11 is partly revised.
Figure 15.1 is partly revised.
Figure 15.6 is partly revised.
Table 15.6 is partly revised.
Table 16.1 is partly revised.
Figure 16.1 is partly revised.
Figure 16.2 is partly revised.
Figure 16.4 is partly revised.
Figure 16.5 is partly revised.
Table 18.4 is partly revised.
Table 18.5 is partly revised.
Figure 18.2 is revised.
206
210
Title of Table 18.15 is partly revised.
Title of Figure 18.5 is partly revised.
Title of Table 18.22 is partly revised.
Title of Figure 18.10 is partly revised.
216
223
5, 6
9
“19.3.2 Precautions on Timer Z” is partly revised.
“20 Precautions on On-Chip Debugger” is partly revised.
Table 1.3, Table1.4 are partly revised.
Table 1.5 is partly revised.
1.00
May 27, 2005
21
Figure 5.3 revised
33 to 36 Table 6.4 to Table 6.17 are added.
42
43
46
47
54
56
Figure 7.5 is partly revised.
Figure 7.6 Note 10 added.
Table 7.2 is partly revised.
Table 7.3 is partly revised.
Figure 10.2 is partly deleted.
Figure 10.4 is partly deleted.
C - 1
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.00
Date
Page
May 27, 2005
57
61
62
63
Figure 10.5 is partly deleted.
“10.3.2 CPU Clock” is partly deleted.
Table 10.2 is partly revised.
“10.4.1.1 High-speed Mode” is partly deleted.
“10.4.1.2 Medium-speed Mode” is partly deleted.
“10.4.1.3 High-speed, Low-speed On-chip Oscillator Mode” is partly
deleted.
66
Figure 10.8 is revised.
67
Figure 10.9 is deleted.
69
“10.6.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode” is revised.
Figure 14.1 is partly revised.
Table 14.2 is partly revised.
Table 14.3 is partly revised.
Table 14.4 is partly revised.
Table 14.5 is partly revised.
Table 14.6 is partly revised.
Figure 16.2 is partly revised.
Figure 16.4 is partly revised.
Figure 16.5 is partly revised.
Figure 17.7 is partly revised.
Figure 17.9 is partly revised.
Figure 17.11 is partly revised.
Figure 17.14 is partly revised.
“17.5 Standard Serial I/O Mode” is revised.
Table 17.7 is added.
102
105
106
108
109
112
164
167
169
183
185
186
190
194
195
196
Table 17.8 is partly revised.
Title of Figure 17.16 is partly revised.
“17.5.1.1 Example of Circuit Application in the Standard Serial I/O Mode”
is revised.
197
Figure 17.17 is added.
Title of Figure 17.18 is partly revised.
Former “17.7.1.7” is deleted.
200
206
207
209
213
216
Table 18.9 is revised.
Table 18.10 is partly revised.
Table 18.13 is partly revised.
Table 18.20 is partly revised.
“19.1.1 Stop Mode and Wait Mode” is revised.
“19.1.3 Oscillation Circuit Constants” is added.
Former “19.6.1.7” is deleted.“
225
227
“20. Precautions on On-chip Debugger” is partly added.
C - 2
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.10
Date
Page
Jun 09, 2005
27
28
Figure 6.1 Note 1 added.
Figure 6.2 Note 1 added.
30
Figure 6.3 Note 4 added.
34
Table 6.7 is partly revised (register name).
36
Table 6.15 is partly revised (UCON → PD3).
Table 14.2 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Table 14.3 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Table 14.4 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Table 14.5 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Table 14.6 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Table 14.7 is partly revised (Write to Timer).
Figure 17.16 is partly revised.
105
106
108
109
112
121
196
207
229
3
Table 18.10 is partly revised.
Appendix Figure 2.1, 2.2 are partly revised.
1.20
Nov 01, 2005
Table 1.2 Performance Outline of the R8C/19 Group;
Flash Memory: (Data area) → (Data flash)
(Program area) → (Program ROM) revised
4
6
9
Figure 1.1 Block Diagram;
“Peripheral Function” added,
“System Clock Generation” → “System Clock Generator” revised
Table 1.4 Product Information of R8C/19 Group;
ROM capacity: “Program area” → “Program ROM”,
“Data area” → “Data flash” revised
Table 1.5 Pin Description;
Power Supply Input: “VCC/AVCC” → “VCC”,
“VSS/AVSS” → “VSS” revised
Analog Power Supply Input: added
11
13
15
Figure 2.1 CPU Register;
“Reserved Area” → “Reserved Bit” revised
2.8.10 Reserved Area;
“Reserved Area” → “Reserved Bit” revised
3.2 R8C/19 Group, Figure 3.2 Memory Map of R8C/19 Group;
“Data area” → “Data flash”,
“Program area” → “Program ROM” revised
16
Table 4.1 SFR Information(1);
0009h: “XXXXXX00b” → “00h”
000Ah: “00XXX000b” → “00h”
001Eh: “XXXXX000b” → “00h” revised
C - 3
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.20
Date
Page
Nov 01, 2005
18
Table 4.3 SFR Information(3);
0085h:
0086h:
0087h:
008Ch:
008Dh:
“Prescaler Z” → “Prescaler Z Register”
“Timer Z Secondary” → “Timer Z Secondary Register”
“Timer Z Primary” → “Timer Z Primary Register”
“Prescaler X” → “Prescaler X Register”
“Timer X” → “Timer X Register”
0090h, 0091h:“Timer C” → “Timer C Register” revised
36
37
Table 6.16 Port XIN/P4_6, XOUT/P4_7 Setting;
Setting value
CM1: “1” → “0”, CM0: “0” → “1”, Feedback resistance: “OFF” → “ON”,
Table 6.18 Unassigned Pin Handling, Figure 6.9 Unassigned Pin
Handling;
“Port P4_2, P4_6, P4_7” → “Port P4_6, P4_7”
“VREF” → “Port P4_2/VREF” revised
51
Table 9.2 Bus Cycles for Access Space of the R8C/1B (19) Group
added, Table 9.3 Access Unit and Bus Operation;
“SFR” → “SFR, Data flash”,
“ROM/RAM” → “ROM (Program ROM), RAM” revised
52
56
60
Table 10.1 Specification of Clock Generation Circuit;
Note 2: deleted
Figure 10.4 OCD Register;
Note 3: partly deleted
10.2.1 Low-speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock;
“The application products ... to accommodate the frequency range.” →
“The application products ... for the frequency change.” revised
10.2.2 High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Clock;
“The high-speed on-chip oscillator frequency ... for details.” added
62
67
Table 10.2 Setting and Mode of Clock Associated Bit;
Medium-speed Mode/devide-by-16: “00b”” → “11b”
High-speed,... Mode/devide-by-2: “00b”” → “01b”
CM13 added
10.5.1 How to Use Oscillation Stop Detection Function;
“This function cannot ... is 2 MHz or below.” →
“This function cannot be ... is below 2 MHz.” revised
68
69
Figure 10.9 Procedure of Switching Clock Source From Low-Speed On-
Chip Oscillator to Main Clock revised
10.6.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function;
“Since the oscillation ...frequency is 2MHz or below, ...” →
“Since the oscillation ...frequency is below 2MHz, ...” revised
10.6.4 High-Speed On-Ship Oscillator Clock added.
70
84
Figure 11.1 PRCR Register;
After Reset: “XXXXX000b”” → “00h” revised
Figure 12.11 INTEN and INT0F Registers;
After Reset: “XXXXX000b”” → “00h” revised
C - 4
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.20
Date
Page
Nov 01, 2005
92
Figure 12.19 AIER, RMAD0 to RMAD1 Registers;
Address Match Interrupt Enable Register and Address Match Interrupt
Register i(i=0, 1) revised
102
115
Figure 14.1 Block Diagram of Timer X;
“Peripheral data bus” → “Data Bus” revised
14.1.6 Precautions on Timer X;
“When writing “1” (count starts) to ... writing “1” to the TXS bit.” →
‘ “0” (count stops) can be read ... after the TXS bit is set to “1”.’ revised
116
133
Figure 14.11 Block Diagram of Timer Z;
“Peripheral Data Bus” → “Data Bus” revised
14.2.5 Precautions on Timer Z;
“When writing “1” (count starts) to ... writing “1” to the TZS bit.” →
‘ “0” (count stops) can be read ... after the TZS bit is set to “1”.’ revised
147
Figure 15.3 U0TB to U1TB, U0RB to U1RB and U0BRG to U1BRG
Registers;
“UARTi Transmit Buffer Register (i=0 to 1)” and “UARTi Receive Buffer
Register (i=0 to 1)” revised
150
157
162
171
Figure 15.6 U0C1 to U1C1 and UCON Registers;
UARTi Transmit / Receive Control Register 1 (i=0 to 1) revised
Table 15.5 Registers to Be Used and Settings in UART Mode;
UiBRG: “−” → “0 to 7” revised
Table 16.1 Performance of Comparator
Analog Input Voltage: “0V to Vref” → “0V to AVCC” revised
Table 17.1 Flash Memory Version Performance;
Program and Erase Endurance: (Program area) → (Program ROM),
(Data area) → (Data Flash) revised
173
17.2 Memory Map;
“The user ROM ... area ... Block A and B.” →
“The user ROM ... area (program ROM) ... Block A and B (data flash).”
revised
Figure 17.1 Flash Memory Block Diagram for R8C/18 Group revised
174
189
Figure 17.2 Flash Memory Block Diagram for R8C/19 Group revised
17.4.3.5 Block Erase
“The block erase command cannot ... program-suspend.” added
200
Table 17.10 Interrupt in EW1 Mode;
During automatic programming (program suspend function enabled)
and During automatic programming (program suspend function
disabled) revised
203
204
206
Table 18.4 Flash Memory (Program ROM) Electrical Characteristics;
NOTES 3 and 5 revised, NOTE8 deleted
Table 18.5 Flash Memory (Data flash Block A, Block B) Electrical
Characteristics; NOTES 1 and 3 revised
Table 18.8 Reset Circuit Electrical Characteristics (When Using Voltage
Monitor 1 Reset); NOTE 2 revised
C - 5
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.20
Date
Page
Nov 01, 2005
207
Table 18.10 High-speed On-Chip Oscillator Circuit Electrical
Characteristics;
“High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator ...” →
“High-Speed On-Chip Oscillator Frequency ...” revised
NOTE 2, 3 added
209
212
216
Table 18.13 Electrical Characteristics (2) [Vcc = 5V];
NOTE 1 deleted
Table 18.20 Electrical Characteristics (4) [Vcc = 3V];
NOTE 1 deleted
19.1.2 Oscillation Stop Detection Function;
“Since the oscillation ...frequency is 2MHz or below, ...” →
“Since the oscillation ...frequency is below 2MHz, ...” revised
220
221
225
19.3.1 Precautions on Timer X;
“When writing “1” (count starts) to ... writing “1” to the TXS bit.” →
‘ “0” (count stops) can be read ... after the TXS bit is set to “1”.’ revised
19.3.2 Precautions on Timer Z;
“When writing “1” (count starts) to ... writing “1” to the TZS bit.” →
‘ “0” (count stops) can be read ... after the TZS bit is set to “1”.’ revised
Table 19.2 Interrupt in EW1 Mode;
During automatic programming (program suspend function enabled)
and During automatic programming (program suspend function
disabled) revised
227
−
20.Precautions on On-Chip Debugger; (1) added
Products of PWQN0028KA-B package included
“or SDIP” → “SDIP or a 28-pin plastic molded-HWQFN”
1.30
Apr 14, 2006
1
2, 3
Table 1.1, Table 1.2;
Interrupts: Internal 8 → 10 sources,
Package: “28-pin molded-plastic HWQFN” added
5, 6
9
Table 1.3, Table 1.4; Type No. added, deleted
Figure 1.6 added
12
Table 1.7 added
16, 17 Figure 3.1, Figure 3.2; Part Number added, deleted
26 5.2 “When a capacitor is connected to ... pin 0.8VCC or more.” added
35 to 38 Table 6.4, Table 6.5, Table 6.6, Table 6.12, Table 6.13, Table 6.14;
revised
54
97
98
Figure 10.1 revised
Figure 13.1 revised
Figure 13.2;
Option Function Select Register: NOTE 1 revised, NOTE 2 added
Watchdog Timer Control Register: NOTE 1 deleted
107
136
143
Table 14.3; NOTE 1 added
Figure 14.25 revised
Table 14.12; NOTE 1 revised
C - 6
REVISION HISTORY
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware
Description
Summary
Rev.
1.30
Date
Page
Apr 14, 2006
148
150
164
177
Figure 15.3; NOTE 3 added
Figure 15.5; NOTE 1 added
Table 16.1 revised
17.3.2;
“The ROM code protect function is disabled .... on-chip flash memory.”
deleted
“To disable ROM code protect ....” revised
Figure 17.4; NOTE 1 revised, NOTE 2 added
182
192
194
Figure 17.5; NOTE 6 added
Table 17.5; Value after Reset revised
Figure 17.15 revised
204, 205 Table 18.4, Table 18.5;
“Ta” → “Ambient temperature”,
Conditions: VCC = 5.0 V at Topr = 25 °C deleted
210, 214 Table 18.13, Table 18.20; The title revised, Condition of Stop Mode “Topr
= 25 °C” added
212, 216 Table 18.17, Table 18.24; Standard of td(C-Q) and tsu(D-C) revised
229, 230 Package Dimensions revised, added
231
232
Appendix Figure 2.1 revised
Appendix Figure 3.1 revised
C - 7
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group Hardware Manual
Publication Data : Rev.0.10 Feb 15, 2005
Rev.1.30 Apr 14, 2006
Published by : Sales Strategic Planning Div.
Renesas Technology Corp.
© 2006. Renesas Technology Corp., All rights reserved. Printed in Japan
R8C/18 Group, R8C/19 Group
Hardware Manual
2-6-2, Ote-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,100-0004, Japan
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