TSM1052 [STMICROELECTRONICS]
Constant voltage and constant current controller for battery chargers and adapters; 恒压电池充电器和适配器恒流控制器
| 型号： | TSM1052 |
| 厂家： | 
ST |
| 描述： | Constant voltage and constant current controller for battery chargers and adapters |
| 文件： | 总15页 (文件大小：255K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
TSM1052
Constant voltage and constant current controller
for battery chargers and adapters
Features
■ Secondary-side constant voltage and constant
current control
■ Very low voltage operation
■ Very low quiescent consumption
■ High-accuracy internal reference
■ Low external component count
■ Wired-or open-drain output stage
■ Easy frequency compensation
■ SOT23-6L micro package
SOT23-6L
Applications
The external components needed to complete the
two control loops are:
■ Battery chargers
■ AC-DC adapters
■ A resistor divider that senses the output of the
power supply (adapter, battery charger) and
fixes the voltage regulation set point at the
specified value;
Description
The TSM1052 is a highly integrated solution for
SMPS applications requiring a dual control loop to
perform CV (constant voltage) and CC (constant
current) regulation.
■ A sense resistor that feeds the current sensing
circuit with a voltage proportional to the dc
output current; this resistor determines the
current regulation set point and must be
The TSM1052 integrates a voltage reference, two
Op-Amps (with OR-ed open-drain outputs), and a
low-side current sensing circuit.
adequately rated in terms of power dissipation;
■ Frequency compensation components
(R-C networks) for both loops.
The voltage reference, along with one Op-Amp, is
the core of the voltage control loop; the current
sensing circuit and the other Op-Amp make up
the current control loop.
The TSM1052, housed in one of the smallest
package available, is ideal for space-shrunk
applications such as adapters and chargers.
Table 1.
Device summary
Part number
Package
SOT23-6L
Packaging
TSM1052
Tape and reel
February 2007
Rev 1
1/15
www.st.com
15
Contents
TSM1052
Contents
1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Pin connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Internal schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2
3
4
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Typical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.1
4.2
Typical application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Voltage and current control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2.1
4.2.2
Voltage control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Current control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3
4.4
Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Start up and short circuit conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5
6
Mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2/15
TSM1052
Description
1
Description
1.1
Pin connection
Figure 1. Pin Connection (top view)
6
Vctrl
GND
OUT
1
Vcc
Vsense
Ictrl
5
4
2
3
1.2
Pin description
Table 2.
N.
Pin description
Name
Function
Inverting input of the voltage loop Op-Amp. The pin will be tied to the mid-
point of a resistor divider that senses the output voltage.
1
Vctrl
Ground. Return of the bias current of the device. 0 V reference for all
voltages. The pin should be tied as close to the ground output terminal of the
converter as possible to minimize load current effect on the voltage regulation
set point.
2
GND
OUT
Common open-drain output of the two internal Op-Amps. The pin, able to
sink current only, will be connected to the branch of the optocoupler’s
photodiode to transmit the error signal to the primary side.
3
Non-inverting input of the current loop Op-Amp. It will be tied directly to the
hot (negative) end of the current sense resistor
4
5
Ictrl
Inverting input of the current loop Op-Amp. The pin will be tied to the cold end
of the current sense resistor through a decoupling resistor.
Vsense
Supply Voltage of the device. A small bypass capacitor (0.1 µF typ.) to GND,
located as close to IC’s pins as possible, might be useful to get a clean
supply voltage.
6
Vcc
3/15
Description
TSM1052
1.3
Internal schematic
Figure 2. Internal schematic
Vcc
6
1.21 V
+
-
3
OUT
+
1
2
Vctrl
GND
200 mV
+
-
4
5
Ictrl
Vsense
1.4
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 3.
Symbol
Absolute maximum ratings
Pin
Parameter
DC supply voltage
Value
Unit
VCC
VOUT
IOUT
V
6
-0.3 to 20
-0.3 to VCC
100
V
V
3
3
Open-drain voltage
Max sink current
Analog inputs
mA
V
1, 4, 5
-0.3 to 3.3
1.5
Thermal data
Table 4.
Symbol
Thermal data
Parameter
Value
Unit
RthJA
TOP
Thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient
Junction temperature operating range
Maximum junction temperature
Storage temperature
250
-10 to 85
150
°C/W
Tjmax
TSTG
°C
-55 to 150
4/15
TSM1052
Electrical characteristics
2
Electrical characteristics
T = 25°C and V = 5V, unless otherwise specified
J
CC
Table 5.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics
Parameter
Test conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Device supply
VCC Voltage operating range
1.7
18
V
Quiescent current
150
ICC
µA
(Ictrl = Vsense = Vctr = 0,
OUT = open)
(1)
300
Voltage control loop Op-Amp
1
3.5
2.5
Transconductance
Gmv
S
V
(sink current only) (2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.198 1.21 1.222
Vref
Voltage reference (3)
1.186
1.234
50
Ibias
Inverting input bias current
nA
100
Current control loop
1.5
7
Transconductance
Gmi
Vsense
Ibias
S
(sink current only) (4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Current loop reference (5)
@ I(Iout) = 1 mA
196
192
200
204
208
mV
µA
20
40
Non-inverting input source current @
V(Ictrl) = -200 mV
Output stage
100
VOUTlow Low output level @ 2 mA sink current
1. Specification referred to -10 °C < TA < 85 °C
mV
(1)
200
2. If the voltage on Vctrl (the negative input of the amplifier) is higher than the positive amplifier input
(Vref = 1.21 V), and it is increased by 1mV, the sinking current at the output OUT will be increased by
3.5mA.
3. The internal Voltage Reference is set at 1.21 V (bandgap reference). The voltage control loop precision
takes into account the cumulative effects of the internal voltage reference deviation as well as the input
offset voltage of the transconductance operational amplifier. The internal Voltage Reference is fixed by
bandgap, and trimmed to 0.5% accuracy at room temperature.
4. When the positive input at Ictrl is lower than -200mV, and the voltage is decreased by 1mV, the sinking
current at the output Out will be increased by 7mA.
5. The internal current sense threshold is set at -200mV. The current control loop precision takes into account
the cumulative effects of the internal voltage reference deviation as well as the input offset voltage of the
transconductance operational amplifier.
5/15
Typical characteristics
TSM1052
3
Typical characteristics
Figure 3.
V
vs. ambient temperature
Figure 4.
V
vs. ambient temperature
ref
SENSE
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
1.230
1.220
1.210
1.200
1.190
208
206
204
202
200
198
196
194
192
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temp ( °C )
Temp ( °C )
Figure 5.
V
pin input bias current vs.
Figure 6.
I
pin input bias current vs.
SENSE
CTRL
ambient temperature
ambient temperature
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
50
40
30
20
10
15
14
13
12
11
0
10
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temp ( °C )
Temp ( °C )
Figure 7. Tranconductance (sink current only) Figure 8. Tranconductance (sink current only)
of voltage control loop Op-Amp vs.
ambient temperature
of current control loop Op-Amp vs.
ambient temperature
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
20
15
10
5
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temp ( °C )
Temp ( °C )
6/15
TSM1052
Typical characteristics
Figure 9. Low output level of voltage control Figure 10. Low output level of current control
loop Op-Amp vs. ambient
loop Op-Amp vs. ambient
temperature (2mA sink current)
temperature (2mA sink current)
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temp ( °C )
Temp ( °C )
Figure 11. Output short circuit current of
voltage control loop Op-Amp vs.
ambient temperature
Figure 12. Output short circuit current of
current control loop Op-Amp vs.
ambient temperature
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temp ( °C )
Temp ( °C )
Figure 13. Supply current vs. ambient
temperature
Figure 14. Low output level vs. sink current
Vcc=18V
Vcc=5V
Vcc=1.7V
2.5
2
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.200
0.150
0.100
0.050
0.000
1.5
1
0.5
0
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Isink (mA)
Temp ( °C )
7/15
Application information
TSM1052
4
Application information
4.1
Typical application schematic
Figure 15. Typical adapter or battery charger application using the device
Vcc
TSM1052
R1
6
Rled
Cvc1
1.210 V
+
+
-
3
OUT
Rvc1
1
2
Vctrl
GND
Vout
+
-
200 mV
Cic1
R2
Ric1
4
5
Ictrl
Vsense
Ric2
Rsense
Iout
In the above application schematic, the device is used on the secondary side of a flyback
adapter (or battery charger) to provide an accurate control of voltage and current. The
above feedback loop is made with an optocoupler.
4.2
Voltage and current control
4.2.1
Voltage control
The voltage loop is controlled via a first transconductance operational amplifier, the voltage
divider R , R , and the optocoupler which is directly connected to the output. Its possible to
1
2
choose the values of R1 and R2 resistors using Equation 1:
Equation 1
(R1 + R2 )
a)
b)
Vout = V
R1 = R2 ⋅
⋅
ref
R2
(Vout + V )
ref
V
ref
where Vout is the desired output voltage.
As an example, with R1 = 100KΩ and R2 = 27KΩ, V
= 5.7V
OUT
8/15
TSM1052
Application information
4.2.2
Current control
The current loop is controlled via the second trans-conductance operational amplifier, the
sense resistor Rsense, and the optocoupler. The control equation verifies:
Equation 2
a)
b)
Rsense ⋅Ilim = Vsense
Vsense
Rsense
=
Ilim
where Ilim is the desired limited current, and VSENSE is the threshold voltage for the current
control loop.
As an example, with Ilim = 1A, VSENSE = 200mV, then RSENSE = 200mΩ.
Note:
The Rsense resistor should be chosen taking into account the maximum dissipation (P
through it during full load operation.
)
lim
Equation 3
P
= Vsense ⋅Ilim
lim
As an example, with Ilim = 1A, and Vsense = 200mV, Plim = 200mW.
Therefore, for most adapter and battery charger applications, a quarter-watt, or half-watt
resistor is sufficient. VSENSE threshold is made internally by a voltage divider tied to the Vref
voltage reference. Its middle point is tied to the positive input of the current control
operational amplifier, and its foot is to be connected to lower potential point of the sense
resistor as shown in Figure 15 on page 8. The resistors of this voltage divider are matched
to provide the best possible accuracy. The current sinking outputs of the two
transconductance operational amplifiers are common (to the output of the IC). This makes
an ORing function which ensures either the voltage control or the current control, driving the
optocoupler's photodiode to transmit the feedback to the primary side.
The relation between the controlled current and the controlled output voltage can be
described with a square characteristic as shown in the following V/I output-power diagram.
(with the power supply of the device indipendent of the output voltage)
9/15
Application information
TSM1052
Figure 16. Output voltage versus output current
Vout
Voltage regulation
Current regulation
(Vcc of the device independent of output voltage)
Iout
4.3
Compensation
The voltage control transconductance operational amplifier can be fully compensated. Both
of its output and negative input are directly accessible for external compensation
components.
An example of a suitable compensation network is shown in Figure 15. It consists of a
capacitor CVC1 = 2.2nF and a resistor RCV1 = 470KΩ in series.
The current-control transconductance operational amplifier can be fully compensated. Both
its output and negative input are directly accessible for external compensation components.
An example of a suitable compensation network is shown in Figure 15. It consists of a
capacitor CIC1 = 2.2nF and a resistor RIC1 = 22KΩ in series. In order to increase the stability
of the application it is suggested to add a resistor in series with the optocoupler. An example
of a suitable RLED value could be 330Ω in series with the optocoupler.
4.4
Start up and short circuit conditions
Under start-up or short-circuit conditions if the device is supplied from SMPS output and the
output voltage is lower than Vcc minimum the current regulation is not guaranteed.
Therefore, the current limitation can only be ensured by the primary PWM module, which
should be chosen accordingly.
If the primary current limitation is considered not to be precise enough for the application,
then a sufficient supply for the device has to be ensured under any condition. It would then
be necessary to add some circuitry to supply the chip with a separate power line. This can
be achieved in numerous ways, including an additional winding on the transformer.
The following schematic shows how to realize a low-cost power supply for the device (with
no additional windings).
10/15
TSM1052
Application information
Figure 17. Application circuit able to supply the device even with V
= 0
OUT
Vcc
TSM1052
R1
6
Rled
Cvc1
1.210 V
+
+
-
3
OUT
Rs
Ds
Rvc1
1
2
Vctrl
GND
Vout
200 mV
+
-
Cic1
Cs
R2
Ric1
4
5
Ictrl
Vsense
Ric2
Rsense
Iout
11/15
Mechanical data
TSM1052
5
Mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
12/15
TSM1052
Mechanical data
Table 6.
Ref.
SOT23-6L mechanical data
mm.
inch
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
A1
A2
B
1.35
0.10
1.10
0.33
0.19
4.80
3.80
1.75
0.25
1.65
0.51
0.25
5.00
4.00
0.053
0.004
0.043
0.013
0.007
0.189
0.150
0.069
0.010
0.065
0.020
0.010
0.197
0.157
C
D
E
e
1.27
0.050
H
h
5.80
0.25
0.40
6.20
0.50
1.27
0.228
0.010
0.016
0.244
0.020
0.050
L
k
8° (max.)
Figure 18. Package dimensions
13/15
Revision history
TSM1052
6
Revision history
Table 7.
Date
20-Feb-2007
Revision history
Revision
Changes
1
Initial release.
14/15
TSM1052
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15/15
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