SQ60120QEA25NRS-G [SYNQOR]
DC-DC Regulated Power Supply Module, 1 Output, 300W, Hybrid, ROHS COMPLIANT, QUARTER BRICK PACKAGE-8;
| 型号： | SQ60120QEA25NRS-G |
| 厂家： | 
SYNQOR WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS |
| 描述： | DC-DC Regulated Power Supply Module, 1 Output, 300W, Hybrid, ROHS COMPLIANT, QUARTER BRICK PACKAGE-8 |
| 文件： | 总14页 (文件大小：3214K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Technical
Specification
SQ60120QEx25
35-75V
100V
12Vout
300W
2250V dc Quarter-brick
Continuous Input Transient Input Semi-Regulated Max Power
Isolation
DC-DC Converter
The SQ60120QEx25 bus converter is a next-
generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed
switching frequency dc/dc converter that uses
synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high
conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the
converter is so low that a heatsink is not required,
which saves cost, weight, height, and application
effort. The SQ BusQor series provides an isolated
step down voltage from 48V to a semi-regulated 12V
intermediate bus. BusQor converters are ideal for
customers who need multiple outputs and wish to
build or buy point of load converters to work with a
12V rail. RoHS Compliant (see last page).
SQ60120JPx40 Model
Operational Features
Control Features
• High efficiency, 96% at full rated load current
• Delivers 25A (300W) power with minimal derating
- no heatsink required
• On/Off control referenced to input side
• Operating input voltage range: 35-75Vdc
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI
• No minimum load requirement
Protection Features
Mechanical Features
ut under-voltage lockout disables converter at low Vin conditions
put current limit and short circuit protection protects converter
load from permanent damage and hazardous conditions
ve back bias limit provides smooth startup with
ernal load induced pre-bias
• Industry standard pin-out configuration
• Standard Size Open Frame:1.45 x 2.30" (36.8 x 58.4mm)
• Total Open Frame height only 0.417” (10.87mm),
permits better airflow and smaller card pitch
• Open Frame Weight: 1.5 oz. (42g)
• Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount soldering
(avoid wave solder) using FPiP technique
ontents
Page No.
Open Frame Mechanical Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Baseplated Mechanical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Electrical Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Standards & Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Safety Features
• UL 60950-1:R2011-12
• EN60950-1/A12:2011
• CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1/A1:2011
P
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Open Frame Mechanical Diagram
1.45
[36,8]
0.600
[15,24]
0.417 0.024
[10,59 0,60 ]
OVERALL HEIGHT
0.180
[4,57]
8
4
2.30
[58,4]
2.00
[50,8]
0.14
[3,6]
2
3
1
0.43
[10,8]
0.030 0.024
[0,76 0,60 ]
BOTTOMSIDE
CLEARANCE
0.300
[7,62]
0.600
[15,24]
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
1)
Pins 1-3 are 0.040” (1.02mm) dia. with 0.080" (2.03mm) standoff
Pin
Name
Function
shoulders.
1
Vin(+)
Positive input voltage
2)
Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062” (1.57mm) dia. with 0.100" (2.54mm) standoff
shoulders.
Other pin extension lengths available.
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy
Finish: Matte Tin over Nickel Plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
All dimensions in inches (mm)
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
3)
4)
2
ON/OFF
3
4
5
6
7
8
Vin(–)
Vout(–)
Negative output voltage
5)
6)
Not Present Not applicable
Not Present Not applicable
Not Present Not applicable
Tolerances: X.XXin +/- 0.02 (X.Xmm +/- 0.5mm)
X.XXXin +/- 0.010 (X.XXmm +/- 0.25mm)
Open Frame Weight: 1.5 oz. (42g)
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II
7)
8)
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 2
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Baseplated Mechanical
1.45
[36,7]
0.600
[15,24]
1.03
[26,2]
0.21
[5,3]
0.180
[4,57]
SEE NOTE 6
0.22
[5,6]
8
4
TOP VIEW
2.30
[58,4]
SIDE VIEW
2.00
[50,8]
1.86
[47,2]
0.14
[3,6]
0.030 0.024
[0,76 0,60 ]
BOTTOMSIDE
CLEARANCE
1
2
3
M3 THREADED INSERTS
4 PLACES
SEE NOTES 1 & 2
0.496 0.014
0.43
[10,8]
[12,60 0,35 ]
0.300
[7,62]
OVERALL HEIGHT (RSS)
0.600
[15,24]
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
1)
M3 screws used to bolt unit's baseplate to other surfaces such as
heatsink must not exceed 0.100" (2.54mm) depth below the surface
of the baseplate.
Applied torque per screw should not exceed 6in-lb (0.7Nm).
Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004" (.10mm) TIR for surface.
Pins 1-3 are 0.040” (1.02mm) dia. with 0.080" (2.03mm) standoff
shoulders.
Pins 4 & 8 are 0.062” (1.57mm) dia. with 0.100" (2.54mm) standoff
shoulders.
Other pin extension lengths available.
All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy
Finish: Matte Tin over Nickel Plate
Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: X.XXin +/- 0.02 (X.Xmm +/- 0.5mm)
Pin
Name
Function
1
Vin(+)
Positive input voltage
2)
3)
4)
TTL input to turn converter on and off,
referenced to Vin(–), with internal pull up.
2
ON/OFF
3
4
5
6
7
8
Vin(–)
Vout(–)
Not Present Not applicable
Not Present Not applicable
Not Present Not applicable
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
5)
6)
7)
Vout(+)
Positive output voltage
8)
9)
X.XXXin +/- 0.010 (X.XXmm +/- 0.25mm)
Weight: 1.6 oz. (46g)
Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II
10)
11)
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 3
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
SQ60120QEx25 Electrical Characteristics
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48 V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Min.
Typ.
Max. Units Notes & Conditions
Input Voltage
Non-Operating
Operating
Operating Transient Protection
Isolation Voltage
-1
100
80
100
V
V
V
Continuous
Continuous
100 ms transient, square wave
Input to Output
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
2250
100
125
18
V
°C
°C
V
-40
-55
-2
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Voltage Hysteresis
Maximum Input Current
No-Load Input Current
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Response to Input Transient
Input Reflected-Ripple Current
Input Terminal-Ripple Current
Recommended Input Fuse
Recommended External Input Capacitance
Input Filter Component Values (C\L\C)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Line
35
48
75
V
100 ms transient, square wave
100% Load, 35 Vin
31.5
28.0
2.5
33.0
29.5
3.5
34.5
31.0
4.5
10
100
40
V
V
V
A
70
20
mA
mA
A2s
V
mA
mA
A
1.0
5
60
0.25V/μs input transient
RMS thru 4.7μH inductor
RMS
Fast blow external fuse recommended
Typical ESR 0.1-0.2 Ω; Figure 11
10
15
100
22\1.5\6
µF
nF\µH\µF Internal values; Figure H
12.00
11.0
12.20
12.35
12.6
V
Vin = 65 V, no load, Ta = 25 °C
-1.5/180
-4.5/540
±1.5/180
V
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
mV
mV
V
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life
20 MHz bandwidth; see Note 2
Full load
50
10
100
40
25
mV
mV
A
RMS
Full load
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage
Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled
Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled
Maximum Output Capacitance
EFFICIENCY
0
27.0
Subject to thermal derating
Output Voltage 10% Low
See note 2
Negative current drawn from output source
Negative current drawn from output
Nominal Vout at full load (resistive load)
32.0
5
18
37.0
A
V
A
mA
mF
13
0
23
1.0
12
0.5
100% Load
50% Load
95.5
96
97
%
%
Figures 1 - 2
Figures 1 - 2
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 4
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
SQ60120QEx25 Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48 V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C baseplate temperature
with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max. Units Notes & Conditions
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs)
Step Change in Output Current (5A/µs)
Settling time
350
350
1
mV
mV
ms
50% to 75% to 50% Iout max, 470 μF load cap
To within 1% Vout nom
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
Output Voltage Overshoot
25
2
ms
%
Full load, Vout=90% nom; Figures 9 & 10
12 mF load capacitance, Iout = 0A
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength)
Isolation Resistance
2250
V
MΩ
pF
See Absolute Maximum Ratings
See note 3
30
1000
Isolation Capacitance (input to output)
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
Semiconductor Junction Temperature
Board Temperature
125
125
125
°C
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
Transformer Temperature
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency Regulation Stage
Switching Frequency Isolation Stage
ON/OFF Control (Option P)
Off-State Voltage
On-State Voltage
ON/OFF Control (Option N)
Off-State Voltage
235.5
117.75
238.0
119.00
240.5
120.25
kHz
kHz
Over sample, temp & life
Over sample, temp & life
-2.0
4.0
1.0
18.0
V
V
4.0
-2.0
18.0
1.0
On-State Voltage
ON/OFF Control (Either Option)
ON/OFF Control Hysteresis
Pull-Up Voltage
Application notes; Figures A & B
1.5
5.00
10
°C
V
kΩ
%
4.75
113
5.25
123
Pull-Up Resistance
Output Over-Voltage Protection
118
Over Full Temperature Range; % of nominal Vout
Average PCB Temperature
Over-Temperature Shutdown
120
10
°C
°C
Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
Field Demonstrated MTBF
2.1
1.9
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40°C Ta
106 Hrs. See our website for details
Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: support@synqor.com)
Note 2: If the output voltage falls below the Output DC Current Limit Shutdown Voltage for more than 50ms, then the unit will enter into hiccup mode,
with a 500ms off-time.
Note 3: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 5
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
Standards Compliance & Qualification Testing
Parameter
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Notes & Conditions
UL 60950-1:R2011-12
Basic insulation
EN60950-1/A12:2011
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1/A1:2011
Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new
releases or download from the SynQor website.
Parameter
# Units Test Conditions
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
32
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
Vibration
5
5
10
5
5
5
10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
-40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85 °C, 95% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
Solderability
15 pins
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 6
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
100
95
90
85
80
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
35Vin
48Vin
75Vin
35Vin
48Vin
75Vin
4
2
0
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
22.5
25
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
22.5
25
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum,
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C.
Figure 2: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for
minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C.
Figure 3: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the
converter from pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage).
Figure 4: Thermal plot of converter at 24A load current (288W) with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from
pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage).
25
20
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (oC)
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature
for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing lengthwise from
input to output (nominal input voltage).
Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 23A load current (276W) with 55°C air
flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to
output (nominal input voltage).
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 7
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10 ms/div).
Ch 1: Vout (5V/div)
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at zero load (10 ms/div).
Ch 1: Vout (5V/div)
Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div)
Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div)
Figure 9: Output voltage response to step-change in load current [50%-75%-
50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/μs]. Load cap: 1μF ceramic and 10μF tantalum
capacitors. Top trace: Vout (500mV/div), Bottom trace: Iout (10A/div).
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load current [50%-75%-
50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/μs]. Load cap: 470μF, 15 mΩ ESR tantalum
capacitor. Top trace: Vout (500mV/div), Bottom trace: Iout (10A/div).
Figure 13
4.7 µH
Figure 12
source
impedance
Figure 14
iS
iC
DC/DC
Converter
VOUT
VSOURCE
1
µ
F
10
µ
F,
100 µF,
ceramic
100m
Ω
ESR
0.2
Ω ESR
capacitor
tantalum
electrolytic
capacitor
capacitor
Figure 11: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal
Ripple Current (Figure 12), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 13) and
Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 14).
Figure 12: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and
nominal input voltage with 4.7μH source impedance and 100μF electrolytic
capacitor (100 mA/div). See Figure 11.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 8
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Technical Specification
Figure 13: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 4.7μH source inductor,
using a 100μF input capacitor, at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(10 mA/div). See Figure 11.
Figure 14: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1μF ceramic capacitor and 10μF tantalum
capacitor. Bandwidth: 500 MHz. See Figure 11.
Figure 15: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (50V to 100V
in 200μs). Load cap: 470μF, 15 mW ESR tantalum capacitor. Ch 1: Vout (500mV/
div), Ch 2: Vin (20V/div), at zero load current.
Figure 16: Load current (10A/div) as a function of time when the converter
attempts to turn on into a 10 mW short circuit. Bottom trace (10ms/div) is an
expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace (100ms/div).
12.3
12.2
12.1
12.0
11.9
11.8
11.7
11.6
0
5
10
15
20
25
Load Current (A)
Figure 17: Output voltage vs. load current showing droop characteristic at 25°C.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 9
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Application Section
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The Exa series converter uses a two-stage power conversion topol-
ogy. The first stage keeps the output voltage constant over variations
in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer
to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage step-
down to achieve the low output voltage required.
CONTROL FEATURES
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the
user to control when the converter is or . This input is referenced to
the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). The converter is available
with either positive or negative logic used for the ON/OFF input.
In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (mean-
ing that a high voltage turns the converter ). In the negative logic
Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low voltage
turns the converter ). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving
the ON/OFF pin.
for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer’s
output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices,
which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate
significantly less energy than Schottky diodes, enabling the converter
to achieve high efficiency.
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn
off when the input voltage is too low, helping to avoid an input system
instability problem, which is described in more detail in the applica-
tion note titled “Input System Instability” on the SynQor website
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not re-
quire a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the http://www.synqor.com/documents/appnotes/appnt_System_Instability.pdf
.
The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the
input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical “Turn-On Voltage
Threshold” value* before the converter will turn on. Once the con-
verter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off
Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off.
converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to
help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. As an open frame
module, the converter can be built more simply and reliably using
high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate.
The quarter-brick series converters use the industry standard foot-
print and pin-out configuration.
Output Current Limit: If the output current exceeds the “Output
DC Current Limit Inception” point*, then a fast linear current limit
controller will reduce the output voltage to maintain a constant output
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
current. If as a result, the output voltage falls below the
“Output
DC Current Limit Shutdown Voltage * for more than 50ms, then
”
the unit will enter into hiccup mode, with a 500ms off-time. The
unit will then automatically attempt to restart.
Back-Drive Current Limit: If there is negative output current of
a magnitude larger than the “Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled”
specification*, then a fast back-drive limit controller will increase the
output voltage to maintain a constant output current. If this results
in the output voltage exceeding the “Output Over-Voltage Protection”
threshold*, then the unit will shut down. The full I-V output charac-
teristics can be seen in Figure 17.
Vin(-)
Remote Enable
Circuit
Vin(-)
Negative Logic
(Permanently
Vin(-)
Positive Logic
(Permanently
Enabled)
Enabled)
ON/OFF
5V
Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage directly across the
output pins exceeds the “Output Over-Voltage Protection” threshold*,
the converter will immediately stop switching. This shutdown is latch-
ing; unlike other shutdown types, the converter will not restart unless
the input power is cycled or the ON/OFF input is toggled.
CMOS
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
Vin(_)
Open Collector Enable Circuit
Direct Logic Drive
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the
converter senses the average temperature of the module. The ther-
mal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the
temperature at the sensed location reaches the “Over-Temperature
Shutdown” value*. It will allow the converter to turn on again when
the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the
Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin.
“Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis” value*.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 10
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Application Section
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Droop based current sharing is implemented by only regulating the
output of first stage in the two-stage power conversion topology.
The inherent impedance of the second stage balances current
between multiple modules. This scheme ensures redundancy since
there is no active current sharing circuit or common connection to
fail. Graphs in this section show two units by way of example, but
there is no fundamental limit to the number of units that can be
placed in parallel. While the lack of output voltage regulation can
seem to be a disadvantage, as we will discuss, it can actually reduce
the overall voltage deviation when transient response is considered.
Another hidden advantage of droop sharing is a dramatic stability
improvement of any external post-regulators.
0%
-1%
-2%
-3%
-4%
-5%
-6%
Unit A
Unit B
Droop Damps Downstream Point-of-Loads: It is very
common to have additional non-isolated point-of-load converters
downstream of an isolated bus converter, called an Intermediate
Bus Architecture (IBA). Each of these point-of-load converters
requires damping to keep its input system stable. Since the point-
of-load converter input current goes up when the bus voltage goes
down, it presents an incremental negative resistance. This will be
unstable when coupled with a low impedance source, parasitic or
explicit inductance, high power, and low bus voltage. The usual
solution is to add large amounts of bulk capacitance with inherent
or explicit equivalent series resistance to provide damping (See
Figure 4 in Input System Instability application note). The downside
of this approach is that the capacitors are expensive and bulky. An
alternate solution is to add an explicit series resistance, but this is
undesirable because of the additional power loss (See Figure 3 in
Input System Instability application note).
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Load Current (% of Rated Value)
Figure B: Droop Characteristics with Voltage Mismatch
Temperature Mismatch Self Balancing: The slope of the output
voltage droop characteristic increases with increased temperature.
So, if a paralleled unit were hotter than its neighbor, then it would
take more of the load current. However, this situation is self
correcting, because as a converter heats up, its droop increases
due to an increase in output resistance. As shown in Figure C, this
causes the hotter unit to share less current, which in turn cools
down and restores equilibrium.
0%
-1%
-2%
-3%
-4%
A bus converter with a droop characteristic has an inherent
series resistance, without the need for any additional
components. Since this resistance comes from the transformer
and output rectifiers of the bus converter, it does not represent
any additional power loss. The value of this positive damping
resistance can be derived directly from the slope of the bus
converter output voltage droop characteristic vs. output current.
Stability can be determined by evaluating equations 3-6 in the
Input System Instability application note.
-5%
-6%
Unit A (cooler)
Unit B (hotter)
Voltage Mismatch Impacts Share Accuracy: When multiple
units having droop characteristics are placed in parallel, the current
sharing accuracy is determined by the output voltage accuracy. A
difference in voltage between two units will cause a differential
current to flow out of one unit and into the other. Figure B shows an
example with two units with output voltage mismatched by 0.5%.
In this example, when Unit A is at 100% of its full rated load current,
Unit B is only at 90%, effectively reducing the total available current
by 5%. SynQor uses factory calibration of each unit to ensure that
output voltage is well matched.
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Load Current (% of Rated Value)
Figure C: Droop Characteristics with Temperature Mismatch (Self Balancing)
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 11
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Application Section
Improved Transient Response: While a droop characteristic For direct paralleling, the output FETs in the power converter and a
degrades load regulation, it also improves voltage overshoot in few control components are the only non-redundant electronic parts
response to a fast removal of load current. This is because the that could be single points of failure. Depending on the required
output voltage starts lower when the load is higher. Figure D shows MTBF, this may be a good alternative. On request, SynQor can provide
that a droop characteristic can actually reduce the total output predicted MTBF information on these parts for specific models.
voltage deviation caused by variations in load, when the load
For the highest MTBF, the outputs can be OR’d with series diodes
transient response is taken into account. Note that with zero or low
or MOSFETs. With droop sharing in this configuration, there are
output capacitance, there will be an additional immediate voltage
essentially no single points of failure, since there is no explicit control
overshoot present on a 100us time scale.
connection between units, as in an active current sharing solution.
For the best load current sharing accuracy, ORing diodes should
be exactly the same type and held to the same temperature as
much as possible. Minor differences in the forward drop of these
components will affect sharing performance.
140
120
100
80
60
40
= 12.0 Vout
= 10.0 Vout
20
Figure D: Output voltage response to full load step change in output current (Ch2),
≤ 8.75 Vout
compared to a fully regulated QEA model (Ref2). 12mF output capacitance.
0
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
No output trim or remote sense: Droop share converters do not
have remote sense or trim functions, and as such, the corresponding
pins are not present. Remote sense and trim would actually interfere
with the droop behavior and prevent proper current sharing by
maintaining the output voltage of each converter as load current
varies. As a result, when placed in parallel, the converter with the
highest output voltage would carry the entire load.
Vin (V)
Figure E: Output voltage resolution.
Limited Output Voltage Resolution: The internal voltage
control feedback loop has limited resolution. Therefore, the output
voltage will exhibit discrete steps as the loop responds to changes
in line or load. For instance, on close examination, the startup ramp
In many applications, the output is fed to low-voltage point-of-load has a “stair-step” shape. Likewise, a load transient response will be
converters, which have their own regulating control loops that can composed of multiple discrete steps. The size of each step is well
easily correct for a range of input voltages.
determined, and is shown in Figure E. A close-up picture of a single
step is shown in Figure F. Stepping will not occur under steady
state conditions.
Output ORing Devices: For system designs requiring redundancy,
the converters can be configured either of two ways:
• Directly in parallel
* See Electrical Characteristics page.
• Paralleled through Or’ing diodes or FETs.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 12
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Application Section
Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any Input Filtering and External Input Capacitance: Figure H
DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance below shows the internal input filter components. This filter
load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which
available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic
of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance
correcting it.
is specified in the Input Characteristics section on the Electrical
Specifications page. More detailed information is available in the
application note titled “EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website
http://www.synqor.com/documents/appnotes/appnt_EMI_Characteristics.pdf.
Application Circuits: Figure G provides a typical circuit diagram
which details the input and output filtering.
Output Filtering and External Output Capacitance: Figure H
below shows the internal output filter components. This filter dra-
matically reduces output voltage ripple. However, some minimum
external output capacitance is required, as specified in the Out-
put Characteristics section on the Electrical Specifications page. No
damage will occur without this capacitor connected, but peak out-
put voltage ripple will be much higher.
Figure F: Smallest possible Vout step at 48Vin and 12Vout.
Vin (+)
ON/OFF
Vout (+)
Vout (-)
Electrolytic
Capacitor
100µF
External
Input
Filter
Vin
Cload
ESR ≅ 0.2Ω
Iload
Vin (-)
Figure G: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
Lin
Vin(+)
Vout (+)
Vout (-)
Regulation
Stage
Current
Sense
Isolation
Stage
C2
C1
Vin(_)
Figure H: Internal Input and Output Filter Diagram (component values listed on specifications page).
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 13
Input:35-75V
Output:12V
Current:25A
Part No.:SQ60120QEx25
Ordering Information
Part Numbering System
Ordering Information
The part numbering system for SynQor’s dc-dc converters follows the format
shown in the example below.
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for
converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please
ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of
the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options.
Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance.
SQ 60 120 Q E A 25 N N S - G
6/6 RoHS
Input
Voltage
35-75V
Output
Voltage
12V
Max Output
Current
Model Number
Options (see
Ordering Information)
SQ60120QEw25xyz
25A
Output Current
The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the
Thermal Design
Performance Level
Package Size
model numbers listed above.
Options Description:
Thermal Design Enable Logic Pin Style
Feature Set
Output Voltage
K - 0.110"
Input Voltage
A - Open Frame
B - Baseplated
N - Negative
P - Positive
N - 0.145"
R - 0.180"
Y - 0.250"
S - Standard
Product Family
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3
characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS
compliance.
Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for
availability.
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded
in pdf format from our website.
RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous
Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent
Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated
Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor
product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to
SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free
Initiative web page or e-mail us at rohs@synqor.com.
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to
each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may
be pending or filed in the future.
5,999,417
6,894,468
7,119,524
7,765,687
6,222,742
6,896,526
7,269,034
7,787,261
6,545,890
6,927,987
7,272,021
8,023,290
6,577,109
7,050,309
7,272,023
8,149,597
6,594,159
7,072,190
7,558,083
8,493,751
6,731,520
7,085,146
7,564,702
Contact SynQor for further information and to order:
Phone:
Toll Free: 888-567-9596
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address: 155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
978-849-0600
Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our website or is available upon request from
SynQor.
978-849-0602
power@synqor.com
www.synqor.com
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
Product # SQ60120QEx25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-0006429 Rev. D
12/10/2013
Page 14
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