LM4051 [TI]

Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference;
LM4051
型号: LM4051
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference

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LM4051  
LM4051 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference  
Literature Number: SNOS491C  
March 2005  
LM4051  
Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference  
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General Description  
Low output noise  
(10 Hz to 10kHz)  
20µVrms  
60µA to 12mA  
Ideal for space critical applications, the LM4051 precision  
voltage reference is available in the sub-miniature (3 mm x  
1.3 mm) SOT-23 surface-mount package. The LM4051’s ad-  
vanced design eliminates the need for an external stabilizing  
capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load,  
thus making the LM4051 easy to use. Further reducing  
design effort is the availability of a fixed (1.225V) and adjust-  
able reverse breakdown voltage. The minimum operating  
current is 60 µA for the LM4051-1.2 and the LM4051-ADJ.  
Both versions have a maximum operating current of 12 mA.  
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Wide operating current range  
Industrial temperature range  
Extended temperature range  
Low temperature coefficient  
−40˚C to +85˚C  
−40˚C to +125˚C  
50 ppm/˚C (max)  
Applications  
n Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment  
n Data Acquisition Systems  
n Instrumentation  
The LM4051 comes in three grades (A, B, and C). The best  
grade devices (A) have an initial accuracy of 0.1%, while the  
B-grade have 0.2% and the C-grade 0.5%, all with a tempco  
of 50 ppm/˚C guaranteed from −40˚C to 125˚C.  
n Process Control  
n Energy Management  
n Automotive and Industrial  
n Precision Audio Components  
n Base Stations  
The LM4051 utilizes fuse and zener-zap trim of reference  
voltage during wafer sort to ensure that the prime parts have  
an accuracy of better than 0.1% (A grade) at 25˚C.  
n Battery Chargers  
n Medical Equipment  
n Communication  
Features  
n Small packages: SOT-23  
n No output capacitor required  
n Tolerates capacitive loads  
n Reverse breakdown voltage options of 1.225V and  
adjustable  
Key Specifications (LM4051-1.2)  
j
Output voltage tolerance  
(A grade, 25˚C)  
0.1%(max)  
Connection Diagrams  
SOT-23  
10122201  
10122240  
*This pin must be left floating or connected to pin 2.  
Top View  
See NS Package Number MF03A  
© 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation  
DS101222  
www.national.com  
Ordering Information  
Industrial Temperature Range (−40˚C to +85˚C)  
Reverse Breakdown  
Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average  
Reverse Breakdown  
LM4051 Supplied as 1000 Units,  
Tape and Reel  
LM4051 Supplied as 3000 Units,  
Tape and Reel  
Voltage Temperature Coefficient  
LM4051AIM3-1.2  
LM4051AIM3-ADJ  
LM4051BIM3-1.2  
LM4051BIM3-ADJ  
LM4051CIM3-1.2  
LM4051CIM3-ADJ  
LM4051AIM3X-1.2  
LM4051AIM3X-ADJ  
LM4051BIM3X-1.2  
LM4051BIM3X-ADJ  
LM4051CIM3X-1.2  
LM4051CIM3X-ADJ  
0.1%, 50 ppm/˚C max (A grade)  
0.2%, 50 ppm/˚C max (B grade)  
0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade)  
Extended Temperature Range (−40˚C to +125˚C)  
Reverse Breakdown  
Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average  
Reverse Breakdown  
LM4051 Supplied as 1000 Units,  
Tape and Reel  
LM4051 Supplied as 3000 Units,  
Tape and Reel  
Voltage Temperature Coefficient  
LM4051AEM3-1.2  
LM4051AEM3-ADJ  
LM4051BEM3-1.2  
LM4051BEM3-ADJ  
LM4051CEM3-1.2  
LM4051CEM3-ADJ  
LM4051AEM3X-1.2  
LM4051AEM3X-ADJ  
LM4051BEM3X-1.2  
LM4051BEM3X-ADJ  
LM4051CEM3X-1.2  
LM4051CEM3X-ADJ  
0.1%, 50 ppm/˚C max (A grade)  
0.2%, 50 ppm/˚C max (B grade)  
0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade)  
SOT-23 Package Marking Information  
Only three fields of marking are possible on the SOT-23’s small surface. This table gives the meaning of  
the three fields.  
Part Marking  
RHA  
Field Definition  
First Field:  
RIA  
R = Reference  
Second Field:  
RHB  
RIB  
H = 1.225V Voltage Option  
I = Adjustable  
Third Field:  
RHC  
RIC  
A–C = Initial Reverse Breakdown  
Voltage or Reference Voltage Tolerance  
A = 0.1%, B = 0.2%, C = 0.5%  
www.national.com  
2
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)  
Human Body Model (Note 3)  
Machine Model (Note 3)  
2 kV  
200V  
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,  
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/  
Distributors for availability and specifications.  
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect  
on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering  
surface mount devices.  
Reverse Current  
20 mA  
10 mA  
Forward Current  
Maximum Output Voltage  
(LM4051-ADJ)  
Operating Ratings (Note 2)  
15V  
Temperature Range  
Industrial Temperature Range  
Extended Temperature Range  
Reverse Current  
(Tmin TA Tmax)  
Power Dissipation (TA = 25˚C) (Note 2)  
M3 Package  
−40˚C TA +85˚C  
−40˚C TA +125˚C  
280 mW  
Storage Temperature  
Lead Temperature  
−65˚C to +150˚C  
LM4051-1.2  
60 µA to 12 mA  
60 µA to 12 mA  
M3 Packages  
LM4051-ADJ  
Vapor phase (60 seconds)  
Infrared (15 seconds)  
ESD Susceptibility  
+215˚C  
+220˚C  
Output Voltage Range  
LM4051-ADJ  
1.24V to 10V  
LM4051-1.2  
Electrical Characteristics  
Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Re-  
verse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% respectively.  
LM4051AIM3 LM4051BIM3 LM4051CIM3  
Typical LM4051AEM3 LM4051BEM3 LM4051CEM3  
Units  
(Limit)  
Symbol  
VR  
Parameter  
Conditions  
(Note 4)  
(Limits)  
(Limits)  
(Note 5)  
(Limts)  
(Note 5)  
(Note 5)  
Reverse Breakdown Voltage  
IR = 100 µA  
1.225  
V
Reverse Breakdown Voltage  
Tolerance (Note 6)  
IR = 100 µA  
1.2  
5.2  
7.4  
2.4  
6.4  
8.6  
6
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
µA  
Industrial Temp. Range  
Extended Temp. Range  
10.1  
12.2  
IRMIN  
Minimum Operating Current  
39  
60  
60  
60  
µA (max)  
µA (max)  
ppm/˚C  
65  
65  
65  
VR/T  
Average Reverse Breakdown  
Voltage Temperature  
Coefficient (Note 6)  
IR= 10 mA  
IR = 1 mA  
20  
15  
15  
ppm/˚C  
IR = 100 µA  
T = −40˚C to 125˚C  
50  
50  
50  
ppm/˚C (max)  
VR/IR  
Reverse Breakdown Voltage  
Change with Operating  
Current Change  
IRMIN IR 1 mA  
0.3  
mV  
1.1  
1.1  
1.1  
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
mV  
1.5  
1.5  
1.5  
1 mA IR 12 mA  
IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz  
1.8  
6.0  
6.0  
6.0  
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
ZR  
Reverse Dynamic Impedance  
Wideband Noise  
0.5  
20  
eN  
IR = 100 µA  
µVrms  
10 Hz f 10 kHz  
VR  
Reverse Breakdown Voltage  
Long Term Stability  
(Note 9)  
t = 1000 hrs  
T = 25˚C 0.1˚C  
IR = 100 µA  
120  
ppm  
VHYST  
Thermal Hysteresis  
(Note 10)  
T = −40˚C to 125˚C  
0.36  
mV/V  
3
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LM4051-ADJ (Adjustable)  
Electrical Characteristics  
Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TJ = 25˚C unless otherwise specified (SOT-23, see (Note 7)  
, IRMIN IR 12 mA, VREF VOUT 10V. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reference Voltage Tolerances of 0.1%,  
0.2% and 0.5%, respectively for VOUT = 5V.  
Typical LM4051AIM3 LM4051BIM3 LM4051CIM3  
Units  
(Limit)  
(Note 4) LM4051AEM3 LM4051BEM3 LM4051CEM3  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
(Limits)  
(Limits)  
(Note 5)  
(Limits)  
(Note 5)  
(Note 5)  
VREF  
Reference Voltage  
IR = 100 µA, VOUT = 5V  
IR = 100 µA, VOUT = 5V  
Industrial Temp. Range  
Extended Temp. Range  
1.212  
36  
V
Reference Voltage Tolerance  
(Note 6), (Note 8)  
1.2  
5.2  
7.4  
2.4  
6.4  
8.6  
6
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
µA  
10.1  
12.2  
IRMIN  
Minimum Operating Current  
60  
65  
70  
60  
65  
70  
65  
70  
75  
µA (max)  
µA (max)  
µA (max)  
mV  
Industrial Temp. Range  
Extended Temp. Range  
VREF/IR Reference Voltage Change  
with Operating Current  
Change  
IRMIN IR 1mA  
VOUT 1.6V  
(Note 7)  
0.3  
0.6  
1.1  
1.1  
1.1  
mV(max)  
mV(max)  
mV  
1.5  
1.5  
1.5  
1 mA IR 12 mA  
VOUT 1.6V(Note 7)  
6
6
6
mV (max)  
mV (max)  
mV/V  
8
8
8
VREF/VO Reference Voltage  
Changewith Output Voltage  
Change  
IR = 0.1 mA  
−1.69  
70  
−2.8  
−2.8  
−2.8  
mV/V (max)  
mV/V (max)  
nA  
−3.5  
−3.5  
−3.5  
IFB  
Feedback Current  
130  
150  
130  
150  
130  
150  
nA (max)  
nA (max)  
VREF/T Average Reference Voltage  
Temperature Coefficient  
(Note 8)  
VOUT = 2.5V  
IR = 10mA  
20  
15  
15  
ppm/˚C  
ppm/˚C  
IR = 1mA  
IR =100µA  
50  
50  
50  
ppm/˚C (max)  
T = −40˚C to +125˚C  
ZOUT  
Dynamic Output Impedance  
IR = 1 mA,  
f = 120 Hz,  
IAC = 0.1 IR  
VOUT = VREF  
0.3  
2
VOUT  
= 10V  
eN  
Wideband Noise  
IR = 100 µA  
20  
120  
0.3  
µVrms  
VOUT = VREF  
10 Hz f 10 kHz  
Reference Voltage  
Long Term Stability  
(Note 9)  
t = 1000 hrs,  
IR = 100 µA  
T = 25˚C 0.1˚C  
ppm  
VREF  
VHYST  
Thermal Hysteresis  
(Note 10)  
T = −40˚C to +125˚C  
mV/V  
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4
LM4051-ADJ (Adjustable)  
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)  
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is  
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed  
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test  
conditions.  
Note 2: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by T  
(maximum junction temperature), θ (junction to  
JA  
Jmax  
ambient thermal resistance), and T (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PD  
= (T  
− T )/θ or the  
A
max  
Jmax A JA  
number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For the LM4051, T  
is 280˚C/W for the SOT-23 package.  
= 125˚C, and the typical thermal resistance (θ ), when board mounted,  
Jmax  
JA  
Note 3: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kresistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged  
directly into each pin.  
Note 4: Typicals are at T = 25˚C and represent most likely parametric norm.  
J
Note 5: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.  
The limits are used to calculate National’s AOQL.  
Note 6: The boldface (over-temperature) limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance  
[(V /T)(max T)(V )]. Where, V /T is the V temperature coefficient, maxT is the maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of 25 ˚C to  
R
R
R
R
T
or T  
, and V is the reverse breakdown voltage. The total over-temperature tolerance for the different grades in the industrial temperature range where  
MAX  
MIN R  
maxT=65˚C is shown below:  
A-grade: 0.425% = 0.1% 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C  
B-grade: 0.525% = 0.2% 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C  
C-grade: 0.825% = 0.5% 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C  
Therefore, as an example, the A-grade LM4051-1.2 has an over-temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerance of 1.2V x 0.425% = 5.2 mV.  
Note 7: When V  
1.6V, the LM4051-ADJ in the SOT-23 package must operate at reduced I . This is caused by the series resistance of the die attach between  
R
OUT  
the die (-) output and the package (-) output pin. See the Output Saturation curve in the Typical Performance Characteristics section.  
Note 8: Reference voltage and temperature coefficient will change with output voltage. See Typical Performance Characteristics curves.  
@
Note 9: Long term stability is V  
25˚C measured during 1000 hrs.  
R
Note 10: Thermal hysteresis is defined as the difference in voltage measured at +25˚C after cycling to temperature -40˚C and the 25˚C measurement after cycling  
to temperature +125˚C.  
5
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Typical Performance Characteristics  
Temperature Drift for Different  
Average Temperature Coefficient  
Output Impedance vs Frequency  
10122219  
10122204  
Noise Voltage  
Reverse Characteristics and  
Minimum Operating Current  
10122205  
10122209  
Start-Up  
Characteristics  
10122208  
10122207  
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6
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Reference Voltage vs Output  
Voltage and Temperature  
Reference Voltage vs Temperature  
and Output Voltage  
10122211  
10122210  
Feedback Current vs Output  
Voltage and Temperature  
Output Saturation  
(SOT-23 Only)  
10122212  
10122233  
Output Impedance vs Frequency  
Output Impedance vs Frequency  
10122213  
10122214  
7
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
Reverse Characteristics  
10122216  
10122215  
Large Signal Response  
10122218  
10122217  
Thermal Hysteresis  
10122250  
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8
Functional Block Diagram  
10122221  
*LM4051-ADJ only  
**LM4051-1.2 only  
LM4051 even when the supply voltage is at its minimum and  
the load current is at its maximum value. When the supply  
voltage is at its maximum and IL is at its minimum, RS should  
be large enough so that the current flowing through the  
LM4051 is less than 12 mA.  
Applications Information  
The LM4051 is a precision micro-power curvature-corrected  
bandgap shunt voltage reference. For space critical applica-  
tions, the LM4051 is available in the sub-miniature SOT-23  
surface-mount package. The LM4051 has been designed for  
stable operation without the need of an external capacitor  
connected between the “+” pin and the “−” pin. If, however, a  
bypass capacitor is used, the LM4051 remains stable. De-  
sign effort is further reduced with the choice of either a fixed  
1.2V or an adjustable reverse breakdown voltage. The mini-  
mum operating current is 60 µA for the LM4051-1.2 and the  
LM4051-ADJ. Both versions have a maximum operating  
current of 12 mA.  
RS should be selected based on the supply voltage, (VS), the  
desired load and operating current, (IL and IQ), and the  
LM4051’s reverse breakdown voltage, VR.  
The LM4051-ADJ’s output voltage can be adjusted to any  
value in the range of 1.24V through 10V. It is a function of the  
internal reference voltage (VREF) and the ratio of the external  
feedback resistors as shown in Figure 2 . The output voltage  
is found using the equation  
LM4051s using the SOT-23 package have pin 3 connected  
as the (-) output through the package’s die attach interface.  
Therefore, the LM4051-1.2’s pin 3 must be left floating or  
connected to pin 2 and the LM4051-ADJ’s pin 3 is the (-)  
output.  
VO = VREF[(R2/R1) + 1]  
(1)  
The typical thermal hysteresis specification is defined as the  
change in +25˚C voltage measured after thermal cycling.  
The device is thermal cycled to temperature -40˚C and then  
measured at 25˚C. Next the device is thermal cycled to  
temperature +125˚C and again measured at 25˚C. The re-  
sulting VOUT delta shift between the 25˚C measurements is  
thermal hysteresis. Thermal hysteresis is common in preci-  
sion references and is induced by thermal-mechanical pack-  
age stress. Changes in environmental storage temperature,  
operating temperature and board mounting temperature are  
all factors that can contribute to thermal hysteresis.  
(2)  
where VO is the output voltage. The actual value of the  
internal VREF is a function of VO. The “corrected” VREF is  
determined by  
VREF = VO (VREF/VO) + VY  
(3)  
where  
VY = 1.22V  
In a conventional shunt regulator application (Figure 1), an  
external series resistor (RS) is connected between the sup-  
ply voltage and the LM4051. RS determines the current that  
flows through the load (IL) and the LM4051 (IQ). Since load  
current and supply voltage may vary, RS should be small  
enough to supply at least the minimum acceptable IQ to the  
VREF/VO is found in the Electrical Characteristics and is  
typically −1.55 mV/V. You can get a more accurate indication  
of the output voltage by replacing the value of VREF in  
equation (1) with the value found using equation (3).  
9
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Typical Applications  
10122222  
FIGURE 1. Shunt Regulator  
10122234  
FIGURE 2. Adjustable Shunt Regulator  
10122224  
FIGURE 3. Bounded amplifier reduces saturation-induced delays and can prevent succeeding stage damage.  
Nominal clamping voltage is VO (LM4051’s reverse breakdown voltage) +2 diode VF.  
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10  
Typical Applications (Continued)  
10122226  
10122220  
FIGURE 7. Bidirectional Clamp 2.4V  
FIGURE 4. Voltage Level Detector  
10122223  
FIGURE 5. Voltage Level Detector  
10122235  
FIGURE 8. Bidirectional Adjustable  
Clamp 18V to 2.4V  
10122225  
FIGURE 6. Fast Positive Clamp  
2.4V + VD1  
10122236  
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11  
FIGURE 9. Bidirectional Adjustable  
Clamp 2.4V to 6V  
Typical Applications (Continued)  
10122237  
FIGURE 10. Simple Floating Current Detector  
10122238  
FIGURE 11. Current Source  
Note 11: *D1 can be any LED, V = 1.5V to 2.2V at 3 mA. D1 may act as an indicator. D1 will be on if I  
falls below the threshold current, except with  
THRESHOLD  
F
I = O.  
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12  
Typical Applications (Continued)  
10122239  
FIGURE 12. Precision Floating Current Detector  
10122229  
10122228  
FIGURE 13. Precision 1 µA to 1 mA Current Sources  
13  
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted  
Plastic Surface Mount Package (M3)  
NS Package Number MF03A  
(JEDEC Registration TO-236AB)  
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves  
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.  
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