PCM54 [TI]

DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS;
PCM54
型号: PCM54
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS

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®
PCM54  
PCM55  
DESIGNED FOR AUDIO  
16-Bit Monolithic  
DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS  
FEATURES  
PARALLEL INPUT FORMAT  
96dB DYNAMIC RANGE  
16-BIT RESOLUTION  
±3V or ±1mA AUDIO OUTPUT  
15-BIT MONOTONICITY (typ)  
OPERATES ON ±5V (PCM55) TO ±12V  
(PCM54) SUPPLIES  
–92dB TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION  
(K Grade)  
28-PIN DIP (PCM54)  
3µs SETTLING TIME (Voltage Out)  
24-LEAD SOIC (PCM55)  
DESCRIPTION  
The PCM54 and PCM55 family of converters are  
parallel input, fully monotonic, 16-bit digital-to-ana-  
log converters that are designed and specified for  
digital audio applications. These devices employ ul-  
tra-stable nichrome (NiCr) thin-film resistors to pro-  
vide monotonicity, low distortion, and low differential  
linearity error (especially around bipolar zero) over  
long periods of time and over the full operating  
temperature.  
can range from ±5V (PCM55) to ±12V (PCM54).  
Power dissipation with ±5V supplies is typically less  
than 200mW. Also included is a provision for exter-  
nal adjustment of the MSB error (differential linearity  
error at bipolar zero, PCM54 only) to further improve  
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) specifications if  
desired.  
A current output (IOUT) wiring option is provided. This  
output typically settles to within ±0.006% of FSR  
final value in 350ns (in response to a full-scale change  
in the digital input code).  
These converters are completely self-contained with a  
stable, low noise, internal, zener voltage reference;  
high speed current switches; a resistor ladder  
network; and a fast settling, low noise output opera-  
tional amplifier all on a single monolithic chip. The  
converters are operated using two power supplies that  
The PCM54 is packaged in 28-pin plastic DIP pack-  
age. The PCM55 is available in a 24-lead plastic mini-  
flatpak.  
Reference  
Voltage  
RF  
16-Bit Ladder  
Parallel  
Resistor Network  
Digital  
Input  
and  
Audio Output  
(Voltage)  
Current Switches  
Output  
Operational  
Amplifier  
International Airport Industrial Park  
Mailing Address: PO Box 11400, Tucson, AZ 85734  
FAXLine: (800) 548-6133 (US/Canada Only)  
• Street Address: 6730 S. Tucson Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85706 • Tel: (520) 746-1111 • Twx: 910-952-1111  
Internet: http://www.burr-brown.com/  
Cable: BBRCORP  
Telex: 066-6491  
FAX: (520) 889-1510  
Immediate Product Info: (800) 548-6132  
©1985 Burr-Brown Corporation  
PDS-619B  
Printed in U.S.A. August, 1998  
SBAS146  
SPECIFICATIONS  
ELECTRICAL  
At +25°C and ±VCC = 12V, unless otherwise noted.  
PCM54HP, PCM55HP  
PCM54JP, PCM55JP  
PCM54KP  
TYP  
PARAMETER  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
MIN  
MAX  
UNITS  
DIGITAL INPUTS  
Resolution  
Dynamic Range  
16  
96  
Bits  
dB  
Logic Levels (TTL/CMOS Compatible):  
VIH  
VIL  
+2.4  
0
+5.25  
+0.8  
+40  
V
V
µA  
mA  
I
IH, VIN = +2.7V  
IIL, VIN = +0.4V  
–0.5  
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS  
ACCURACY  
Gain Error  
Bipolar Zero Error  
Differential Linearity Error at Biploar Zero(1)  
Noise (rms) (20Hz to 20kHz) at Bipolar Zero  
±2  
±30  
±0.001  
12  
%
mV  
% FSR(2)  
µV  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION(3)  
(16-Bit Resolution)  
V
V
V
O = ±FS at f = 991Hz  
O = –20dB at f = 991Hz  
O = –60dB at f = 991Hz  
–94  
–74  
–34  
–82  
–68  
–28  
–88  
–80  
–40  
–92  
–74  
–34  
dB  
dB  
dB  
MONOTONICITY  
15  
Bits  
SETTLING TIME (to ±0.006% of FSR)  
Voltage Output: 6V Step  
1LSB Step  
Current Output (1mA Step): 10to 100Load  
1kLoad(4)  
Deglitcher Delay (THD Test)(5)  
Slew Rate  
3
1
350  
350  
2.5  
10  
µs  
µs  
ns  
ns  
µs  
4
V/µs  
WARM-UP TIME  
1
Min  
ANALOG OUTPUT  
Voltage Output: Bipolar Range  
Output Current  
Output Impedance  
Short-Circuit Duration  
Current Output:(6)  
±3  
V
mA  
±2  
0.1  
Indefinite to Common  
Bipolar Range (±30%)  
Bipolar Output Impedance (±30%)  
±1  
1.2  
mA  
kΩ  
POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS  
Voltage: +VCC (PCM54)  
–VCC (PCM54)  
+VCC (PCM55)  
–VCC (PCM55)  
Supply Drain: +VCC  
–VCC  
+4.75  
+12  
–12  
+5  
–5  
+13  
–16  
+15.75  
V
V
V
V
mA  
mA  
–4.75  
+4.75  
–4.75  
–15.75  
+7.5  
–7.5  
+20  
–25  
TEMPERATURE RANGE  
Operating  
Storage  
0
–55  
+70  
+100  
°C  
°C  
Specifications same as for PCM54HP.  
NOTES: (1) Externally adjustable. If external adjustment is not used, connect a 0.01µF capacitor to Common to reduce noise pickup. (2) FSR means Full-Scale Range  
and is 6V for ±3V output. (3) The measurement of total harmonic distortion is highly dependent on the characteristics of the measurement circuit. Burr-Brown may  
calculate THD from the measured linearity errors using Equation 2 in the section on “Total Harmonic Distortion,” but specifies that the maximum THD measured with  
the circuit shown in Figure 2 will be less than the limits indicated. (4) Measured with an active clamp to provide a low impedance for approximately 200ns. (5) Deglitcher  
or sample/hold delay used in THD measurement test circuit. See Figures 2 and 3. (6) Output amplifier disconnected.  
The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; however, BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies or omissions. BURR-BROWN  
assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all use of such information shall be entirely at the user’s own risk. Prices and specifications are subject  
to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. BURR-BROWN does not  
authorize or warrant any BURR-BROWN product for use in life support devices and/or systems.  
®
2
PCM54/55  
CONNECTION DIAGRAMS  
(1)  
(Optional)  
100k  
PCM54  
560kΩ  
330kΩ  
1MΩ  
PCM55  
–VCC  
+VCC  
1
2
24  
23  
22  
21  
20  
19  
18  
17  
16  
15  
14  
13  
Zener  
Voltage  
Reference  
1
2
28  
27  
26  
25  
24  
23  
22  
21  
20  
19  
18  
17  
16  
15  
Zener  
Voltage  
Reference  
–VCC  
+VCC  
(1)  
3
+
1µF  
+
1µF  
16-Bit  
3
4
Ladder  
Resistor  
Network  
and  
(2)  
4
5
1µF  
+
0.1µF  
Common  
(2)  
(2)  
5
6
+
1µF  
16-Bit  
Ladder  
Resistor  
Network  
and  
Switches  
6
7
Audio  
VOUT  
7
8
Common  
9
8
Switches  
(3)  
10  
11  
12  
9
Data  
Inputs  
Audio  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
VOUT  
Data  
Inputs  
NOTES: (1) Connect for bipolar operation. (+VCC 8.5V for unipolar operation.)  
(2) Connect for VOUT operation. When VOUT amp is not being used (IOUT mode),  
terminatewithanexternal3kfeedbackresistorbetweenpin17andpin19, and  
a 1kresistor between pin 19 and pin 20 to reduce possible noise effects.  
NOTES: (1) MSB error (BPZ differential linearity error) can be adjusted to zero  
using this external circuit. (2) Connect to bipolar operation (+VCC 8.5V for  
unipolar operation). (3) Connect for VOUT operation. When VOUT amp is not being  
used (IOUT mode), terminate with an external 3kfeedback resistor between pin  
19 and pin 21, and a 1kresistor between pin 21 and pin 22 to reduce possible  
noise effects.  
PIN ASSIGNMENTS  
PIN ASSIGNMENTS  
PIN  
PCM54-DIP  
PIN  
PCM54-DIP  
PIN  
PCM55-SOIC  
PIN  
PCM55-SOIC  
1
2
Trim  
Bit 1 (MSB)  
Bit 2  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
Bit 13  
Bit 14  
Bit 15  
Bit 16 (LSB)  
VOUT  
1
2
Bit 1 (MSB)  
Bit 2  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
Bit 13  
Bit 14  
3
3
Bit 3  
Bit 15  
4
NC  
4
Bit 4  
Bit 16  
5
Bit 3  
5
Bit 5  
VOUT  
6
Bit 4  
RFB  
6
Bit 6  
Feedback Resistor  
Summing Junction  
Common  
Current Output  
Bipolar Offset  
+VCC  
7
Bit 5  
SJ  
7
Bit 7  
8
Bit 6  
Common  
IOUT  
8
Bit 8  
9
Bit 7  
9
Bit 9  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
Bit 8  
NC  
10  
11  
12  
Bit 10  
Bit 11  
Bit 12  
Bit 9  
IBPO  
Bit 10  
Bit 11  
Bit 12  
+VCC  
–VCC  
MSB Adjust  
–VCC  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS  
DC Supply Voltage ...................................................................... ±18VDC  
Input Logic Voltage ............................................................... –1V to +5.5V  
Power Dissipation ..................................PCM54 800mW, PCM55 400mW  
Storage Temperature ...................................................... –55°C to +100°C  
Lead Temperature, (soldering, 10s) .............................................. +300°C  
PACKAGE INFORMATION  
PACKAGE DRAWING  
NUMBER(1)  
PRODUCT  
PACKAGE  
28-Pin DIP  
PCM54HP  
PCM54JP  
PCM54KP  
PCM55HP  
PCM55JP  
215  
215  
215  
178  
178  
28-Pin DIP  
28-Pin DIP  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
24-Lead SOIC  
24-Lead SOIC  
PRODUCT  
THD at FS  
PACKAGE  
PCM54HP  
PCM54JP  
PCM54KP  
0.008  
0.004  
0.0025  
28-Pin DIP  
28-Pin DIP  
28-Pin DIP  
NOTE: (1) For detailed drawing and dimension table, please see end of data  
sheet, or Appendix C of Burr-Brown IC Data Book.  
PCM55HP  
PCM55JP  
0.008  
0.004  
24-Lead SOIC  
24-Lead SOIC  
®
3
PCM54/55  
the line (Figure 1) about the bipolar zero point and offset  
drift shifts the line left or right over the operating tempera-  
ture range. Most of the offset and gain drift with temperature  
or time is due to the drift of the internal reference zener  
diode. The converter is designed so that these drifts are in  
opposite directions. This way, the bipolar zero voltage is  
virtually unaffected by variations in the reference voltage.  
DISCUSSION OF  
SPECIFICATIONS  
The PCM54 and PCM55 are specified to provide critical  
performance criteria for a wide variety of applications. The  
most critical specifications for a D/A converter in audio  
applications are total harmonic distortion, differential linear-  
ity error, bipolar zero error, parameter shifts with time and  
temperature, and settling time effects on accuracy.  
DIGITAL INPUT CODES  
The PCM54 and PCM55 accept complementary digital  
input codes in any of three binary formats (CSB, unipolar; or  
COB, bipolar; or CTC, Complementary Two’s Comple-  
ment, bipolar). See Table II.  
The PCM54 and PCM55 are factory-trimmed and tested for  
all critical key specifications.  
The accuracy of a D/A converter is described by the transfer  
function shown in Figure 1. Digital input to analog output  
relationship is shown in Table I. The errors in the D/A  
converter are combinations of analog errors due to the linear  
circuitry, matching and tracking properties of the ladder and  
scaling networks, power supply rejection, and reference  
errors. In summary, these errors consist of initial errors  
including gain, offset, linearity, differential linearity, and  
power supply sensitivity. Gain drift over temperature rotates  
ANALOG OUTPUT  
Digital  
Input  
Codes  
Complementary  
Straight Binary  
(CSB)  
Complementary  
Offset Binary  
(COB)  
Complementary  
Two’s Complement  
(CTS)(1)  
0000H  
7FFFH  
8000H  
+Full Scale  
+1/2 Full Scale  
+1/2 Full Scale  
–1LSB  
+Full Scale  
Bipolar Zero  
–1LSB  
–1LSB  
–Full Scale  
+Full Scale  
FFFFH  
Zero  
–Full Scale  
Bipolar Zero  
NOTE: (1) Invert the MSB of the COB code with an external inverter to obtain  
CTC code.  
0000…0000  
Gain  
TABLE II. Digital Input Codes.  
Drift  
0000…0001  
0111…1101  
0111…1110  
0111…1111  
1000…0000  
1000…0001  
1111…1110  
1111…1111  
All Bits  
On  
BIPOLAR ZERO ERROR  
Initial Bipolar Zero (BPZ) error (Bit 1 “ON” and all other  
bits “OFF”) is the deviation from 0V out and is factory-  
trimmed to typically ±10mV at +25°C.  
Bipolar  
Zero  
Offset  
Drift  
DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR  
Differential Linearity Error (DLE) is the deviation from an  
ideal 1LSB change from one adjacent output state to the  
next. DLE is important in audio applications because exces-  
sive DLE at bipolar zero (at the “major carry”) can result in  
audible crossover distortion for low level output signals.  
Initial DLE on the PCM54 and PCM55 is factory-trimmed  
to typically ±0.001% of FSR. This error is adjustable to zero  
using the circuit shown in the connection diagram (PCM54  
only).  
(+FSR/2) –1LSB  
Analog Output  
* See Table I for digital code definitions.  
–FSR/2  
FIGURE 1. Input vs Output for an Ideal Bipolar D/A  
Converter.  
VOLTAGE OUTPUT MODE  
Analog Output  
Unipolar(1)  
Bipolar  
15-Bit  
Digital Input Code  
16-Bit  
15-Bit  
14-Bit  
16-Bit  
14-Bit  
One LSB  
0000H  
FFFFH  
(µV)  
(V)  
(V)  
91.6  
+5.99991  
0
183  
+5.99982  
0
366  
+5.99963  
0
91.6  
+2.99991  
–3.0000  
183  
+2.99982  
–3.0000  
366  
+2.99963  
–3.0000  
CURRENT OUTPUT MODE  
Analog Output  
Unipolar  
Bipolar  
15-Bit  
Digital Input Code  
16-Bit  
15-Bit  
14-Bit  
16-Bit  
14-Bit  
One LSB  
0000H  
FFFFH  
(µA)  
(mA)  
(mA)  
0.031  
–1.99997  
0
0.061  
–1.99994  
0
0.122  
–1.99988  
0
0.031  
–0.99997  
+1.00000  
0.061  
–0.99994  
+1.00000  
0.122  
–0.99988  
+1.00000  
NOTE: (1) +VCC must be at least +8.5VDC to allow output to swing to +6.0VDC.  
TABLE I. Digital Input to Analog Output Relationship.  
®
4
PCM54/55  
POWER SUPPLY SENSITIVITY  
STABILITY WITH TIME AND TEMPERATURE  
Changes in the DC power supplies will affect accuracy.  
The parameters of a D/A converter designed for audio  
applications should be stable over a relatively wide tempera-  
ture range and over long periods of time to avoid undesirable  
periodic readjustment. The most important parameters are  
bipolar zero, differential linearity error, and total harmonic  
distortion. Most of the offset and gain drift with temperature  
or time is due to the drift of the internal reference zener  
diode. The PCM54 and PCM55 are designed so that these  
drifts are in opposite directions so that the bipolar zero  
voltage is virtually unaffected by variations in the reference  
voltage. Both DLE and THD are dependent upon the match-  
ing and tracking of resistor ratios and upon VBE and hFE of  
the current-source transistors. The PCM54 and PCM55 were  
designed so that any absolute shift in these components has  
virtually no effect on DLE or THD. The resistors are made  
of identical links of ultra-stable nichrome thin-film. The  
current density in these resistors is very low to further  
enhance their stability.  
The PCM54 and PCM55 power supply sensitivity is shown  
by Figure 2. Normally, regulated power supplies with 1% or  
less ripple are recommended for use with the DAC. See also  
Power Supply Connections paragraph in the Installation and  
Operating Instructions section.  
10.0  
3.0  
–60dB  
1.0  
0.30  
0.10  
0.03  
–20dB  
0.01  
0.003  
0dB  
0.001  
DYNAMIC RANGE  
The dynamic range is a measure of the ratio of the smallest  
signals the converter can produce to the full-scale range and  
is usually expressed in decibels (dB). The theoretical dy-  
namic range of a converter is approximately 6 x n, or about  
96dB for a 16-bit converter. The actual, or useful, dynamic  
range is limited by noise and linearity errors and is therefore  
somewhat less than the theoretical limit. However, this does  
point out that a resolution of at least 16 bits is required to  
obtain a 90dB minimum dynamic range, regardless of the  
accuracy of the converter. Another specification that is  
useful for audio applications is total harmonic distortion.  
5
10  
15  
±VCC Supplies (V)  
FIGURE 2. Effects of ±VCC on Total Harmonic Distortion  
(PCM54JP;VCCswithapproximately2%ripple).  
SETTLING TIME  
Settling time is the total time (including slew time) required  
for the output to settle within an error band around its final  
value after a change in input (see Figure 3).  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION  
Settling times are specified to ±0.006% of FSR; one for a  
large output voltage change of 3V and one for a 1LSB  
change. The 1LSB change is measured at the major carry  
(0111…11 to 10000.00), the point at which the worst-case  
settling time occurs.  
THD is useful in audio applications and is a measure of the  
magnitude and distribution of the linearity error, differential  
linearity error, and noise as well as quantization error. To be  
useful, THD should be specified for both high level and low  
level input signals. This error is unadjustable and is the most  
meaningful indicator of D/A converter accuracy for audio  
applications.  
1.0  
Voltage  
The THD is defined as the ratio of the square root of the sum  
of the squares of the values of the harmonics to the value of  
the fundamental input frequency and is expressed in percent  
or dB. The rms value of the PCM54/55 error referred to the  
input can be shown to be:  
Output  
Mode  
0.3  
0.1  
Current  
Output  
Mode  
0.03  
0.01  
0.003  
0.001  
(1)  
RL = 200  
1
n
εrms  
=
[ΕL (i) + ΕQ (i)]2  
Σ
n
i = 1  
0.01  
0.1  
1.0  
Settling Time (µs)  
10.0  
where n is the number of samples in one cycle of any given  
sine wave, EL(i) is the linearity error of the PCM54 or  
PCM55 at each sampling point, and EQ(i) is the quantization  
FIGURE 3. Full-Scale Range Settling Time vs Accuracy.  
®
5
PCM54/55  
error at each sampling point. The THD can then be ex-  
pressed as:  
INSTALLATION AND OPERATING  
INSTRUCTIONS  
(2)  
POWER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS  
1
n
[ΕL (i) + ΕQ (i)]2  
For optimum performance and noise rejection, power supply  
decoupling capacitors should be added as shown in the  
connections diagram. These capacitors (1µF tantalum or  
electrolytic recommended) should be located close to the  
converter.  
Σ
n
εrms  
i = 1  
THD =  
=
100%  
Εrms  
Εrms  
where Erms is the rms signal voltage level.  
This expression indicates that, in general, there is a correla-  
tion between the THD and the square root of the sum of the  
squares of the linearity errors at each digital word of interest.  
However, this expression does not mean that the worst-case  
linearity error of the D/A is directly correlated to the THD.  
MSB ERROR ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE  
(OPTIONAL)  
The MSB error of the PCM54 and PCM55 can be adjusted  
to make the differential linearity error (DLE) at BPZ essen-  
tially zero. This is important when the signal output levels  
are very low because zero crossing noise (DLE at BPZ)  
becomes very significant when compared to the small code  
changes occurring in the LSB portion of the converter.  
For PCM54/55 the test period was chosen to be 22.7µs  
(44.1kHz) which is compatible with the EIAJ STC-007  
specification for PCM audio. The test frequency is 420Hz  
and the amplitude of the input signal is 0dB, –20dB, and  
–60dB down from full scale.  
Differential linearity error at bipolar zero is guaranteed to  
meet data sheet specifications without any external adjust-  
ment. However, a provision has been made for an optional  
adjustment of the MSB linearity point which makes it  
possible to eliminate DLE error at BPZ (PCM54 only). Two  
procedures are given to allow either static or dynamic  
adjustment. The dynamic procedure is preferred because of  
the difficulty associated with the static method (accurately  
measuring 16-bit LSB steps).  
Figure 4 shows the typical THD as a function of output  
voltage.  
Figure 5 shows typical THD as a function of frequency.  
10.0  
4.0  
2.0  
1.0  
To statically adjust DLE at BPZ, refer to the circuit shown  
in Figure 6 or the PCM54 connection diagram. After allow-  
ing ample warm-up time (20-30 minutes) to assure stable  
operation of the PCM54, select input code 8000 hexadeci-  
mal (all bits off except the MSB). Measure and record it.  
Change the digital input code to 7FFF hexadecimal (all bits  
off except the MSB). Adjust the 100kpotentiometer to  
make the audio output read 92µV more than the voltage  
reading of the previous code (a ILSB step = 92µV).  
0.4  
0.2  
0.1  
14 Bits  
0.04  
0.02  
0.01  
0.004  
0.002  
0.001  
16 Bits  
–20  
–60  
–50  
–40  
–30  
–10  
0
A much simpler method is to dynamically adjust the DLE at  
BPZ. Again, refer to Figure 6 or the PCM54 connection  
diagram for circuitry and component values. Assuming the  
device has been installed in a digital audio application  
circuit, send the appropriate digital input to produce a –60dB  
level sinusoidal output. While measuring the THD of the  
audio circuit output, adjust the 100kpotentiometer until a  
minimum level of distortion is observed.  
VOUT (dB)  
0dB = Full-Scale Range (FSR)  
FIGURE 4. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) vs VOUT  
.
0.1  
0.05  
0.02  
560kΩ  
1MΩ  
100kΩ  
330kΩ  
0.01  
1
–20dB  
–VCC  
0.005  
27  
0.002  
Full Scale  
0.001  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
FIGURE 6. MSB Differential Linearity at Bipolar Zero Ad-  
justment Circuit (optional).  
Frequency (Hz)  
FIGURE 5. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) vs  
Frequency.  
®
6
PCM54/55  
Due to the fast settling time of the PCM54-V, it is possible  
to minimize the delay between the left channel and right  
channel outputs when using a single D/A converter for both  
channels. This is important because the left and right chan-  
nel data is recorded in phase and use of a slower D/A  
converter would result in significant phase error at the  
higher audio frequencies.  
INSTALLATION  
CONSIDERATIONS  
If the optional external MSB error circuitry is used (PCM54),  
a potentiometer with adequate resolution and a TCR of  
100ppm/°C or less is required. Also, extra care must be  
taken to insure that no leakage path (either AC or DC) exists  
to pin 27 (PCM54). If circuit is not used, pin 1 (PCM54)  
should be terminated to common with a 0.01µF capacitor.  
A low-pass filter is required at the S/H output to remove all  
unwanted frequency components caused by the sampling  
frequency as well as the discrete nature of the D/A converter  
output. The filter must have a flat amplitude response over  
the entire audio band (0 to 20kHz) and a very high attenu-  
ation above 20kHz. Most previous digital audio circuits used  
a high-order (9-13 pole) analog filter. However, the phase  
response of an analog filter with these amplitude character-  
istics is nonlinear and can disturb the pulse-shaped charac-  
teristics of the transients contained in music.  
The PCM converter and the wiring to its connectors should  
be located to provide the optimum isolation from sources of  
RFI and EMI. The important consideration in the elimina-  
tion of RF radiation or pickup is loop area; therefore, signal  
leads and their return conductors should be kept close  
together. This reduces the external magnetic field along with  
any radiation. Also, if a signal lead and its return conductor  
are wired close together, they represent a small flux-capture  
cross section for any external field. This reduces radiation  
pickup in the circuit.  
R
R
C1  
PCM54/55  
C
APPLICATIONS  
B
Data to  
DAC  
A sample/hold amplifier, or “deglitcher”, is required at the  
output of the D/A converter for both the left and right  
channel, as shown in Figure 7. The S/H amplifier for the left  
channel is composed of A2, SW1, and associated circuitry. A2  
is used as an integrator to hold the analog voltage in C1.  
Since the source and drain of the FET switch operates at a  
virtual ground when “C” and “B” are closed in the simple  
mode, there is no increase in distortion caused by the  
modulation effect of RON by the audio signal.  
A
A1  
SW1  
Left Channel  
Deglitcher Control  
Left Channel Output to LPF  
and Other Circuits  
R
R
C2  
C
B
A
A2  
SW2  
Right Channel  
Deglitcher Control  
Right Channel Output to LPF  
and Other Circuits  
Figure 8 shows the deglitcher control signals for both the left  
and right channels which are produced by the timing control  
logic. A delay of 2.5µs (tω) is provided to eliminate the  
glitch and allow the output of the PCM54-V to settle within  
a small error band around its final value before connecting  
it to the channel output.  
A LOW signal on the  
deglitcher control closes switch “A”,  
while a HIGH signal closes switch “B”.  
A1, A2 ATE  
OPA101 or OPA404  
FIGURE 7. A Sample/Hold Amplifier (deglitcher) is Re-  
quired at the Digital-to-Analog Output for Both  
Left and Right Channels.  
44.1kHz  
Right Channel Data N  
Left Channel Data N  
tS  
Right Channel Data N+1 Left Channel Data N+1  
Data for DAC  
Right Channel  
Deglitcher Control  
tW  
Left Channel  
Deglitcher Control  
Delay Between Left and Right Channel  
The deglitcher control signals are generated by the timing control logic. The fast settling time of the  
PCM54/55 makes it possible to minimize the delay between left and right channels to approximately 4.5µs  
which reduces phase error at the higher audio frequencies.  
FIGURE 8. Timing Diagram for the Deglitcher Control Signals.  
®
7
PCM54/55  
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
3-Jul-2009  
PACKAGING INFORMATION  
Orderable Device  
Status (1)  
Package Package  
Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)  
Qty  
Type  
PDIP  
SOP  
Drawing  
PCM54HP  
PCM55HP  
NRND  
NRND  
NTD  
28  
24  
12  
TBD  
Call TI  
N / A for Pkg Type  
DVK  
30 Green (RoHS & 42 NI-FE SNBI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
no Sb/Br)  
PCM55HP-1  
PCM55HP-1G6  
PCM55HP/1K  
OBSOLETE  
OBSOLETE  
NRND  
SOP  
SOP  
SOP  
DVK  
DVK  
DVK  
24  
24  
24  
TBD  
TBD  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
1000 Green (RoHS & 42 NI-FE SNBI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
no Sb/Br)  
PCM55HP/1KG6  
PCM55HPG6  
NRND  
NRND  
SOP  
SOP  
DVK  
DVK  
24  
24  
1000 Green (RoHS & 42 NI-FE SNBI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
no Sb/Br)  
30 Green (RoHS & 42 NI-FE SNBI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
no Sb/Br)  
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:  
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.  
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.  
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in  
a new design.  
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.  
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.  
(2)  
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check  
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.  
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.  
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements  
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered  
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.  
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and  
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS  
compatible) as defined above.  
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame  
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)  
(3)  
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder  
temperature.  
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In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI  
to Customer on an annual basis.  
Addendum-Page 1  
IMPORTANT NOTICE  
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