TLC2654ACN [TI]
Advanced LinCMOSE LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS; 高级LinCMOSE低噪声斩波稳零运算放大器
| 型号： | TLC2654ACN |
| 厂家： | 
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
| 描述： | Advanced LinCMOSE LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS |
| 文件： | 总30页 (文件大小：429K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
D, JG, OR P PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
Input Noise Voltage
0.5 µV (Peak-to-Peak) Typ, f = 0 to 1 Hz
1.5 µV (Peak-to-Peak) Typ, f = 0 to 10 Hz
47 nV/√Hz Typ, f = 10 Hz
C
C
V
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
XA
XB
IN–
IN+
DD+
OUT
13 nV/√Hz Typ, f = 1 kHz
High Chopping Frequency . . . 10 kHz Typ
No Clock Noise Below 10 kHz
V
CLAMP
DD–
No Intermodulation Error Below 5 kHz
D, J, OR N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
Low Input Offset Voltage
10 µV Max (TLC2654A)
C
C
INT/EXT
CLK IN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14
13
12
11
10
9
XB
XA
Excellent Offset Voltage Stability
With Temperature . . . 0.05 µV/°C Max
NC
IN–
IN+
NC
CLK OUT
A
. . . 135 dB Min (TLC2654A)
VD
V
DD+
CMRR . . . 110 dB Min (TLC2654A)
. . . 120 dB Min (TLC2654A)
OUT
CLAMP
C RETURN
k
SVR
V
8
DD–
Single-Supply Operation
Common-Mode Input Voltage Range
Includes the Negative Rail
FK PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
No Noise Degradation With External
Capacitors Connected to V
DD–
Available in Q-Temp Automotive
HighRel Automotive Applications
Configuration Control/Print Support
Qualification to Automotive Standards
3
2
1
20 19
18
CLK OUT
NC
4
5
6
7
8
NC
V
NC
IN–
NC
17
16
15
14
DD+
description
NC
OUT
IN+
The TLC2654 and TLC2654A are low-noise
chopper-stabilized operational amplifiers using
the Advanced LinCMOS process. Combining
this process with chopper-stabilization circuitry
makesexcellentdcprecisionpossible. Inaddition,
circuit techniques are added that give the
TLC2654 and TLC2654A noise performance
unsurpassed by similar devices.
9 10 11 12 13
NC – No internal connection
Chopper-stabilization techniques provide for extremely high dc precision by continuously nulling input offset
voltage even during variations in temperature, time, common-mode voltage, and power-supply voltage. The
high chopping frequency of the TLC2654 and TLC2654A (see Figure 1) provides excellent noise performance
in a frequency spectrum from near dc to 10 kHz. In addition, intermodulation or aliasing error is eliminated from
frequencies up to 5 kHz.
This high dc precision and low noise, coupled with the extremely high input impedance of the CMOS input stage,
makes the TLC2654 and TLC2654A ideal choices for a broad range of applications such as low-level,
low-frequency thermocouple amplifiers and strain gauges and wide-bandwidth and subsonic circuits. For
applications requiring even greater dc precision, use the TLC2652 or TLC2652A devices, which have a
chopping frequency of 450 Hz.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
Advanced LinCMOS is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
On products compliant to MIL-PRF-38535, all parameters are tested
unless otherwise noted. On all other products, production
processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
description (continued)
vs
The TLC2654 and TLC2654A common-mode
input voltage range includes the negative rail,
thereby providing superior performance in either
single-supply or split-supply applications, even at
power supply voltage levels as low as ±2.3 V.
FREQUENCY
10 k
Two external capacitors are required to operate
the device; however, the on-chip chopper-control
circuitry is transparent to the user. On devices in
the 14-pin and 20-pin packages, the control
circuitryisaccessible, allowingtheusertheoption
of controlling the clock frequency with an external
frequency source. In addition, the clock threshold
of the TLC2554 and TLC2654A requires no level
shifting when used in the single-supply configura-
tion with a normal CMOS or TTL clock input.
1 k
Typical 250-Hz
Chopper-Stabilized
Operational Amplifier
100
10
TLC2654
Innovative circuit techniques used on the
TLC2654 and TLC2654A allow exceptionally fast
overload recovery time. An output clamp pin is
available to reduce the recovery time even further.
1
10
100
1 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 1
The device inputs and outputs are designed to
withstand –100-mA surge currents without
sustaining latch-up. In addition, the TLC2654 and TLC2654A incorporate internal ESD-protection circuits that
prevent functional failures at voltages up to 2000 V as tested under MIL-STD-883C, Method 3015; however,
exercise care in handling these devices, as exposure to ESD may result in degradation of the device parametric
performance.
The C-suffix devices are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The I-suffix devices are characterized
for operation from –40°C to 85°C. The Q-suffix devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 125°C.
The M-suffix devices are characterized for operation over the full military temperature range of –55°C to125°C.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
8 PIN
14 PIN
20 PIN
V
max
IO
T
A
SMALL
OUTLINE
(D)
CERAMIC
DIP
(JG)
PLASTIC
DIP
SMALL
OUTLINE
(D)
CERAMIC
DIP
PLASTIC
DIP
CERAMIC
DIP
(FK)
AT 25°C
(P)
(J)
(N)
0°C
to
70°C
10 µV
20 mV
TLC2654AC-8D
TLC2654C-8D
—
—
TLC2654ACP
TLC2654CP
TLC2654AC-14D
TLC2654C-14D
—
—
TLC2654ACN
TLC2654CN
—
—
–40°C
to
85°C
10 µV
20 µV
TLC2654AI-8D
TLC2654I-8D
—
—
TLC2654AIP
TLC2654IP
TLC2654AI-14D
TLC2654I-14D
—
—
TLC2654AIN
TLC2654IN
—
—
–40°C
to
125°C
10 µV
20 µV
TLC2654AQ-8D
TLC2654Q-8D
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
–55°C
to
125°C
10 µV
20 µV
TLC2654AM-8D
TLC2654M-8D
TLC2654AMJG
TLC2654MJG
TLC2654AMP
TLC2654MP
TLC2654AM-14D
TLC2654M-14D
TLC2654AMJ
TLC2654MJ
TLC2654AMN
TLC2654MN
TLC2654AMFK
TLC2654MFK
The 8-pin and 14-pin D packages are available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to device type (e.g., TLC2654AC-8DR).
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
functional block diagram
V
DD+
11
9
Clamp
Circuit
CLAMP
OUT
5
IN+
IN–
10
+
–
4
C
IC
Main
A
B
B
A
+
–
Compensation-
Biasing
B
2
A
Null
Circuit
1
C
C
XB
External Components
XA
8
C RETURN
7
V
DD–
Pin numbers shown are for the D (14 pin), J, and N packages.
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Supply voltage, V
Supply voltage, V
(see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 V
(see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –8 V
DD+
DD–
Differential input voltage, V (see Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±16 V
ID
Input voltage, V (any input, see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±8 V
I
Voltage range on CLK IN and INT/EXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
to V
+ 5.2 V
DD–
DD–
Input current, I (each input) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±5 mA
I
Output current, I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±50 mA
O
Duration of short-circuit current at (or below) 25°C (see Note 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unlimited
Current into CLK IN and INT/EXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±5 mA
Continuous total dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table
Operating free-air temperature range, T : C suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 70°C
A
I suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 85°C
Q suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 125°C
M suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to 125°C
Storage temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C
Case temperature for 60 seconds: FK package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: D, N, or P package . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 60 seconds: J or JG package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the midpoint between V
and V
.
DD+
DD–
2. Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN–.
3. The output may be shorted to either supply. Temperature and/or supply voltages must be limited to ensure that the maximum
dissipation rating is not exceeded.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
T
≤ 25°C
DERATING FACTOR
T
= 70°C
T
= 85°C
T = 125°C
A
POWER RATING
A
A
A
PACKAGE
POWER RATING
ABOVE T = 25°C
POWER RATING
POWER RATING
A
D (8 pin)
D (14 pin)
725 mW
950 mW
5.8 mW/°C
7.6 mW/°C
11.0 mW/°C
11.0 mW/°C
8.4 mW/°C
9.2 mW/°C
8.0 mW/°C
464 mW
608 mW
880 mW
880 mW
672 mW
736 mW
640 mW
377 mW
494 mW
715 mW
715 mW
546 mW
598 mW
520 mW
145 mW
190 mW
275 mW
275 mW
210 mW
230 mW
200 mW
FK
J
JG
N
1375 mW
1375 mW
1050 mW
1150 mW
1000 mW
P
recommended operating conditions
C SUFFIX
I SUFFIX
Q SUFFIX
M SUFFIX
MAX
UNIT
MIN
MAX
±8
–2.3
MIN
MAX
MIN
±2.3
MAX
MIN
±2.3
Supply voltage, V
±2.3
±2.3
±8
±8
±8
–2.3
V
V
DD±
Common-mode input voltage, V
V
V
V
V
DD+
–2.3
V
V
DD+
–2.3
V
V
V
DD+
IC
DD–
DD+
DD–
DD–
DD–
Clock input voltage
V
V
DD–
70
+5
V
V
DD–
85
+5
V
V
DD–
125
+5
V
DD–
125
+5
V
DD–
0
DD–
–40
DD–
–40
DD–
–55
Operating free-air temperature, T
°C
A
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V (unless otherwise noted)
DD±
TLC2654C
TLC2654AC
†
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
T
A
MIN
TYP
MAX
20
MIN
TYP
MAX
10
25°C
5
4
Input offset voltage
(see Note 4)
V
IO
µV
Full range
34
24
Temperature coefficient of
input offset voltage
α
Full range
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.01
0.05 µV/°C
0.02 µV/mo
VIO
Input offset voltage
long-term drift (see Note 5)
25°C
0.003
30
0.003
30
V
IC
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
I
I
Input offset current
Input bias current
pA
IO
150
150
150
50
50
pA
IB
Full range
150
–5
to
2.7
–5
to
2.7
Common-mode input
voltage range
V
ICR
R
= 50 Ω
Full range
V
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
Maximum positive peak
output voltage swing
V
V
R
R
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
V
V
OM+
L
L
–4.7
–4.7
120
120
–4.7
–4.7
135
130
Maximum negative peak
output voltage swing
OM–
Full range
25°C
Large-signal differential
voltage amplification
A
VD
V
O
= ±4 V,
R = 10 kΩ
L
dB
kHz
µA
Full range
Internal chopping
frequency
25°C
10
10
25°C
Full range
25°C
25
25
25
25
Clamp on-state current
Clamp off-state current
R
= 100 kΩ
L
100
100
100
pA
V
O
= –4 V to 4 V
= 0,
Full range
100
V
V
R
25°C
105
105
125
110
110
125
O
IC
Common-mode rejection
ratio
CMRR
dB
dB
= V
= 50 Ω
min,
ICR
Full range
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
110
110
125
1.5
120
120
125
1.5
Supply voltage rejection
V
= ±2.3 V to ±8 V,
DD±
k
SVR
ratio (∆V
DD±
/∆V
IO
)
V
O
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
2.4
2.5
2.4
mA
2.5
I
Supply current
V
O
= 0,
No load
DD
Full range
†
Full range is 0°C to 70°C.
NOTES: 4. This parameter is not production tested full range. Thermocouple effects preclude measurement of the actual V of these devices
IO
inhigh-speedautomatedtesting.V ismeasuredtoalimitdeterminedbythetestequipmentcapabilityatthetemperatureextremes.
IO
The test ensures that the stabilization circuitry is performing properly.
5. Typicalvaluesarebasedontheinputoffsetvoltageshiftobservedthrough168hoursofoperatinglifetestatT = 150°Cextrapolated
A
to T = 25° using the Arrhenius equation and assuming an activation energy of 0.96 eV.
6. Output clamp is not connected.
A
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V
DD±
TLC2654C
TLC2654AC
TEST
†
PARAMETER
T
A
UNIT
V/µs
V/µs
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
25°C
Full range
25°C
1.5
1.3
2.3
1.7
2
1.5
1.3
2.3
1.7
2
SR+
SR–
Positive slew rate at unity gain
Negative slew rate at unity gain
V
R
C
= ±2.3 V,
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
O
L
L
3.7
3.7
Full range
f = 10 Hz
47
13
47
13
75
20
Equivalent input noise voltage
(see Note 7)
V
n
25°C
nV/√Hz
f = 1 kHz
f = 0 to 1 Hz
f = 0 to 10 Hz
f = 10 kHz
f = 10 kHz,
0.5
0.5
Peak-to-peak equivalent input
noise voltage
V
25°C
25°C
µV
N(PP)
1.5
1.5
I
n
Equivalent input noise current
0.004
0.004
pA/√Hz
R
C
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
Gain-bandwidth product
25°C
25°C
1.9
1.9
MHz
L
L
R
C
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
L
L
φ
m
Phase margin at unity gain
48°
48°
†
Full range is 0°C to 70°C.
NOTE 7: This parameter is tested on a sample basis for the TLC2654A. For other test requirements, please contact the factory. This statement
has no bearing on testing or nontesting of other parameters.
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V (unless otherwise noted)
DD ±
TLC2654I
TLC2654AI
†
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
T
A
MIN
TYP
MAX
20
MIN
TYP
MAX
10
25°C
5
4
Input offset voltage
(see Note 4)
V
IO
µV
Full range
40
30
Temperature coefficient of
input offset voltage
α
Full range
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.01
0.05 µV/°C
0.02 µV/mo
VIO
Input offset voltage
long-term drift (see Note 5)
25°C
0.003
30
0.003
30
V
IC
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
I
I
Input offset current
Input bias current
pA
IO
200
200
200
50
50
pA
IB
Full range
200
–5
to
2.7
–5
to
2.7
Common-mode input
voltage range
V
ICR
R
= 50 Ω
Full range
V
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
Maximum positive peak
output voltage swing
V
V
R
R
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
V
V
OM+
L
L
–4.7
–4.7
120
120
–4.7
–4.7
135
125
Maximum negative peak
output voltage swing
OM–
Full range
25°C
Large-signal differential
voltage amplification
A
VD
V
O
= ±4 V,
R = 10 kΩ
L
dB
kHz
µA
Full range
Internal chopping
frequency
25°C
10
10
25°C
Full range
25°C
25
25
25
25
Clamp on-state current
Clamp off-state current
R
= 100 kΩ
L
100
100
100
pA
V
O
= –4 V to 4 V
= 0,
Full range
100
V
V
R
25°C
105
105
125
110
110
125
O
IC
Common-mode rejection
ratio
CMRR
dB
dB
= V
= 50 Ω
min,
ICR
Full range
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
110
110
125
1.5
120
120
125
1.5
Supply voltage rejection
V
= ± 2.3 V to ±8 V,
DD±
k
SVR
ratio (∆V
DD±
/∆V
IO
)
V
O
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
2.4
2.5
2.4
mA
2.5
I
Supply current
V
O
= 0,
No load
DD
Full range
†
Full range is –40°C to 85°C
NOTES: 4. This parameter is not production tested full range. Thermocouple effects preclude measurement of the actual V of these devices
IO
inhigh-speedautomatedtesting.V ismeasuredtoalimitdeterminedbythetestequipmentcapabilityatthetemperatureextremes.
IO
The test ensures that the stabilization circuitry is performing properly.
5. Typicalvaluesarebasedontheinputoffsetvoltageshiftobservedthrough168hoursofoperatinglifetestatT = 150°Cextrapolated
A
to T = 25°C using the Arrhenius equation and assuming an activation energy of 0.96 eV.
6. Output clamp is not connected.
A
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V
DD±
TLC2654I
TLC2654AI
TEST
CONDITIONS
†
PARAMETER
T
A
UNIT
V/µs
V/µs
MIN
1.5
1.2
2.3
1.5
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
25°C
Full range
25°C
2
1.5
1.2
2.3
1.5
2
SR+
SR–
Positive slew rate at unity gain
Negative slew rate at unity gain
V
R
C
= ±2.3 V,
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
O
L
L
3.7
3.7
Full range
f = 10 Hz
47
13
47
13
75
20
Equivalent input noise voltage
(see Note 7)
V
n
25°C
nV/√Hz
f = 1 kHz
f = 0 to 1 Hz
f = 0 to 10 Hz
f = 10 kHz
f = 10 kHz,
0.5
0.5
Peak-to-peak equivalent input
noise voltage
V
25°C
25°C
µV
N(PP)
1.5
1.5
I
n
Equivalent input noise current
0.004
0.004
pA/√Hz
Gain-bandwidth product
25°C
25°C
1.9
1.9
MHz
R
C
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
L
L
R
C
= 10 kΩ,
= 100 pF
L
L
φ
m
Phase margin at unity gain
48°
48°
†
Full range is –40°C to 85°C.
NOTE 7: This parameter is tested on a sample basis for the TLC2654A. For other test requirements, please contact the factory. This statement
has no bearing on testing or nontesting of other parameters.
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V (unless otherwise noted)
DD ±
TLC2654Q
TLC2654M
TLC2654AQ
TLC2654AM
†
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
T
A
MIN
TYP
MAX
20
MIN
TYP
MAX
10
25°C
5
4
Input offset voltage
(see Note 4)
V
IO
µV
Full range
50
40
Temperature coefficient of
input offset voltage
α
Full range
0.01 0.05
0.01 0.05
µV/°C
µV/mo
pA
VIO
Input offset voltage
long-term drift (see Note 5)
25°C
0.003 0.06
30
0.003 0.02
30
V
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
IC
25°C
Full range
25°C
I
I
Input offset current
Input bias current
IO
500
500
50
50
pA
V
IB
Full range
500
500
–5
to
2.7
–5
to
2.7
Common-mode input
voltage range
V
R
= 50 Ω
Full range
ICR
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
4.7
4.7
4.8
–4.9
155
Maximum positive peak
output voltage swing
V
V
R
R
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
= 10 kΩ, See Note 6
V
V
OM+
L
L
–4.7
–4.7
120
120
–4.7
–4.7
135
120
Maximum negative peak
output voltage swing
OM–
Full range
25°C
Large-signal differential
voltage amplification
A
VD
V
O
= ±4 V,
R = 10 kΩ
L
dB
kHz
µA
Full range
Internal chopping
frequency
25°C
10
10
25°C
Full range
25°C
25
25
25
25
Clamp on-state current
Clamp off-state current
R
= 100 kΩ
L
100
500
100
500
V
O
= –4 V to 4 V
= 0,
pA
dB
Full range
V
V
R
25°C
105
105
125
110
110
125
O
IC
Common-mode rejection
ratio
CMRR
= V
= 50 Ω
min,
ICR
Full range
S
25°C
Full range
25°C
110
105
125
1.5
110
110
125
1.5
Supply voltage rejection
V
= ±2.3 V to ±8 V,
DD±
k
dB
SVR
ratio (∆V
DD±
/∆V
IO
)
V
O
= 0,
R = 50 Ω
S
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.5
I
Supply current
V
O
= 0,
No load
mA
DD
Full range
On products complaint to MIL-STD-883, Class B, this parameter is not production tested.
Full range is –40° to 125°C for Q suffix, –55° to 125°C for M suffix.
†
NOTES: 4. This parameter is not production tested full range. Thermocouple effects preclude measurement of the actual V of these devices
IO
inhigh-speedautomatedtesting.V ismeasuredtoalimitdeterminedbythetestequipmentcapabilityatthetemperatureextremes.
IO
The test ensures that the stabilization circuitry is performing properly.
5. Typicalvaluesarebasedontheinputoffsetvoltageshiftobservedthrough168hoursofoperatinglifetestatT = 150°Cextrapolated
A
to T = 25°C using the Arrhenius equation and assuming an activation energy of 0.96 eV.
6. Output clamp is not connected.
A
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
operating characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V
= ±5 V
DD±
TLC2654Q
TLC2654M
TLC2654AQ
TLC2654AM
†
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
T
A
MIN
TYP
MAX
25°C
1.5
1.1
2.3
1.3
2
SR+
SR–
Positive slew rate at unity gain
Negative slew rate at unity gain
Equivalent input noise voltage
V/µs
V/µs
Full range
25°C
V
= ±2.3 V,
R
= 10 kΩ,
C = 100 pF
L
O
L
3.7
Full range
25°C
f = 10 Hz
47
13
V
n
nV/√Hz
µV
f = 1 kHz
25°C
f = 0 to 1 Hz
f = 0 to 10 Hz
f = 1 kHz
25°C
0.5
Peak-to-peak equivalent input
noise voltage
V
N(PP)
25°C
1.5
I
n
Equivalent input noise current
Gain-bandwidth product
25°C
0.004
1.9
pA/√Hz
f = 10 kHz,
R
C
= 10 kΩ,
C
= 100 pF
L
25°C
MHz
L
L
φ
m
Phase margin at unity gain
R
= 10 kΩ,
L
= 100 pF
25°C
48°
†
Full range is –40° to 125°C for Q suffix, –55° to 125°C for M suffix.
10
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
V
IO
Input offset voltage
Distribution
2
3
Normalized input offset voltage
vs Chopping frequency
vs Chopping frequency
vs Free-air temperature
4
5
I
I
Input offset current
IO
vs Common-mode input voltage
vs Chopping frequency
vs Free-air temperature
6
7
8
Input bias current
IB
Clamp current
vs Output voltage
9
vs Output current
vs Free-air temperature
10
11
V
V
Maximum peak output voltage swing
OM
Maximum peak-to-peak output voltage swing
vs Frequency
vs Frequency
12
13
O(PP)
CMRR Common-mode rejection ratio
vs Frequency
vs Free-air temperature
14
15
A
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
Chopping frequency
Supply current
VD
vs Supply voltage
vs Free-air temperature
16
17
vs Supply voltage
vs Free-air temperature
18
19
I
I
DD
vs Supply voltage
vs Free-air temperature
20
21
Short-circuit output current
Slew rate
OS
vs Supply voltage
vs Free-air temperature
22
23
SR
Small signal
Large signal
24
25
Pulse response
V
Peak-to-peak input noise voltage
Equivalent input noise voltage
Supply voltage rejection ratio
vs Chopping frequency
vs Frequency
26, 27
28
N(PP)
V
n
k
vs Frequency
29
SVR
vs Supply voltage
vs Free-air temperature
30
31
Gain-bandwidth product
vs Supply voltage
vs Load capacitance
32
33
φ
m
Phase margin
Phase shift
vs Frequency
14
11
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
NORMALIZED INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs
DISTRIBUTION OF TLC2654
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
40
30
20
16
V
V
T
A
= ± 5 V
DD±
= 0
456 Units Tested From 4 Wafer Lots
V
T
A
= ±5 V
IC
= 25°C
DD±
= 25°C
N Package
20
10
12
8
0
4
0
–10
100
1K
10K
100K
–20 –16 –12 – 8 – 4
0
4
8
12 16 20
Chopping Frequency – Hz
V
IO
– Input Offset Voltage – µV
Figure 2
Figure 3
INPUT OFFSET CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
INPUT OFFSET CURRENT
vs
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
100
80
140
120
100
80
V
V
T
A
= ±5 V
V
= ±5 V
DD±
DD±
= 0
V
IC
= 0
IC
= 25°C
60
60
40
20
0
40
20
0
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
25
45
65
85
105
125
Chopping Frequency – Hz
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 4
Figure 5
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
12
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
COMMON-MODE INPUT VOLTAGE
1000
100
10
100
80
V
V
T
A
= ±5 V
V
T
= ±5 V
= 25°C
DD±
= 0
DD±
A
IC
= 25°C
60
40
20
0
– 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 –1
0
1
2
3
4
5
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
Chopping Frequency – Hz
V
IC
– Common-Mode Input Voltage – V
Figure 6
Figure 7
CLAMP CURRENT
vs
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
µA
100
10
1
100
V
T
A
= ±5 V
= 25°C
DD±
V
V
= ±5 V
DD±
IC
= 0
µA
µA
80
60
40
20
0
Positive Clamp Current
100 nA
10 nA
1 nA
100 pA
10 pA
1 pA
Negative Clamp Current
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5
25
45
65
85
105
125
|V | – Output Voltage – V
O
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 8
Figure 9
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
13
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAXIMUM PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT CURRENT
5
5
4.8
4.6
V
T
A
= ±5 V
V
OM+
DD±
= 25°C
2.5
0
V
OM+
V
OM–
V
R
= ±5 V
DD±
= 10 kΩ
L
4.4
4.2
4
– 2.5
– 5
V
OM–
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
–75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75 100 125
|I | – Output Current – mA
O
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 10
Figure 11
MAXIMUM PEAK-TO-PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE
COMMOM-MODE REJECTION RATIO
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
140
V
T
A
= ±5 V
DD±
= 25°C
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
8
6
4
2
0
T
= –55°C
= 125°C
A
T
A
V
R
= ±5 V
DD±
= 10 kΩ
L
10
100
1 k
10 k
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
1 M
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 12
Figure 13
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
14
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL
VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION
vs
LARGE-SIGNAL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE
AMPLIFICATION AND PHASE SHIFT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
FREQUENCY
160
158
156
60°
80°
120
100
V
R
= ±5 V
= 10 kΩ
= ±4 V
DD±
L
Phase Shift
V
O
80
60
100°
120°
A
VD
40
20
140°
160°
180°
154
152
150
0
V
= ±5 V
DD±
R
= 10 kΩ
L
L
C
= 100 pF
–20
–40
200°
220°
T
A
= 25°C
– 75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75 100 125
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
1 M
10 M
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 14
Figure 15
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
11.4
11
10.5
10
V
DD±
= ±5 V
T
A
= 25°C
10.6
9.5
9
10.2
9.8
8.5
9.4
–75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75 100 125
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T – Free-Air Temperature – °C
A
|V | – Supply Voltage – V
DD±
Figure 16
Figure 17
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
15
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
2
1.6
1.2
2
1.6
1.2
V
= 0
O
V
V
= ±7.5 V
= ±5 V
No Load
DD±
DD±
T
A
= 25°C
V
DD±
= ±2.5 V
T
= –55°C
A
0.8
0.4
0
0.8
0.4
0
T
A
= 125°C
V
= 0
O
No Load
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
–75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75 100 125
|V
DD ±
| – Supply Voltage – V
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 18
Figure 19
SHORT-CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT
SHORT-CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
12
8
15
10
V
T
A
= 0
= 25°C
V
= ±5 V
DD±
O
V
O
= 0
4
5
V
ID
= –100 mV
V
ID
= –100 mV
0
0
– 4
– 8
–12
– 5
–10
–15
V
ID
= 100 mV
V
4
= 100 mV
ID
0
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
–75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75
100 125
|V
DD ±
| – Supply Voltage – V
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 20
Figure 21
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
16
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SLEW RATE
vs
SLEW RATE
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
5
4
3
SR–
SR–
4
3
2
1
SR+
2
1
0
SR+
R
C
T
A
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
= 25°C
V
R
C
= ±5 V
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
L
L
DD±
L
L
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
–75 –50 –25
0
25
50
75 100 125
|V
DD ±
| – Supply Voltage – V
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 22
Figure 23
VOLTAGE-FOLLOWER
SMALL-SIGNAL
PULSE RESPONSE
VOLTAGE-FOLLOWER
LARGE-SIGNAL
PULSE RESPONSE
100
75
50
25
0
4
3
2
1
0
V
R
C
= ±5 V
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
= 25°C
DD±
L
L
V
R
C
= ±5 V
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
= 25°C
DD±
L
L
T
A
T
A
– 25
– 50
–1
– 2
–75
– 3
– 4
–100
5
0
1
2
3
4
6
7
0
5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
t – Time – µs
t – Time – µs
Figure 24
Figure 25
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
17
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PEAK-TO-PEAK INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
PEAK-TO-PEAK INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
vs
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
CHOPPING FREQUENCY
5
4
3
1.8
V
R
= ±5 V
V
R
= ±5 V
DD±
= 20 Ω
DD±
= 20 Ω
1.6
1.4
1.2
S
S
f = 0 to 10 Hz
T
A
f = 0 to 1 Hz
T
A
= 25°C
= 25°C
1
0.8
2
1
0
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
0
2
4
6
8
10
Chopping Frequency – kHz
Chopping Frequency – kHz
Figure 26
Figure 27
SUPPLY VOLTAGE REJECTION RATIO
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
140
120
50
V
= ±5 V
DD±
= 20 Ω
V
T
A
= ±2.3 V to ±8 V
= 25°C
DD±
R
T
S
= 25°C
A
40
30
20
10
0
100
80
k
SVR+
60
40
20
0
k
SVR–
10
100
1 k
10 k
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 28
Figure 29
18
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
GAIN-BANDWIDTH PRODUCT
vs
GAIN-BANDWIDTH PRODUCT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
2.6
2.1
V
= ±5 V
R
C
T
= 10 kΩ
DD±
L
L
R
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
L
L
2.4
2.2
2
C
= 100 pF
= 25°C
A
2
1.8
1.6
1.9
1.4
1.2
1.8
–75 – 50 – 25
0
25
50
75
100 125
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|V
DD±
| – Supply Voltage – V
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 30
Figure 31
PHASE MARGIN
vs
PHASE MARGIN
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
LOAD CAPACITANCE
60°
50°
40°
30°
20°
10°
0°
60°
V
= ±5 V
R
= 10 kΩ
= 100 pF
= 25°C
DD±
L
L
R
= 10 kΩ
C
T
L
50°
40°
30°
20°
10°
0°
T
A
= 25°C
A
0
200
400
600
800
1000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|V
DD±
| – Supply Voltage – V
C
– Load Capacitance – pF
L
Figure 32
Figure 33
†
Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the rated operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices.
19
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
capacitor selection and placement
Leakage and dielectric absorption are the two important factors to consider when selecting external capacitors
C
and C . Both factors can cause system degradation, negating the performance advantages realized by
XA
XB
using the TLC2654.
Degradation from capacitor leakage becomes more apparent with increasing temperatures. Low-leakage
capacitors and standoffs are recommended for operation at T = 125°C. In addition, guard bands are
A
recommended around the capacitor connections on both sides of the printed-circuit board to alleviate problems
caused by surface leakage on circuit boards.
Capacitorswithhighdielectricabsorptiontendtotakeseveralsecondstosettleuponapplicationofpower, which
directly affects input offset voltage. In applications needing fast settling of input voltage, high-quality film
capacitors such as mylar, polystyrene, or polypropylene should be used. In other applications, a ceramic or
other low-grade capacitor can suffice.
Unlike many choppers available today, the TLC2654 is designed to function with values of C and C in the
XA
XB
range of 0.1 µF to 1 µF without degradation to input offset voltage or input noise voltage. These capacitors
should be located as close as possible to C and C and return to either V or C RETURN. On many
XA
XB
DD–
choppers, connecting these capacitors to V
eliminated on the TLC2654.
causes degradation in noise performance; this problem is
DD–
internal/external clock
The TLC2654 has an internal clock that sets the chopping frequency to a nominal value of 10 kHz. On 8-pin
packages, the chopping frequency can only be controlled by the internal clock; however, on all 14-pin packages
and the 20-pin FK package the device chopping frequency can be set by the internal clock or controlled
externally by use of the INT/EXT and CLK IN. To use the internal 10-kHz clock, no connection is necessary. If
external clocking is desired, connect INT/EXT to V
and the external clock to CLK IN. The external clock trip
DD–
point is 2.5 V above the negative rail; however, CLK IN can be driven from the negative rail to 5 V above the
negative rail. This allows the TLC2654 to be driven directly by 5-V TTL and CMOS logic when operating in the
single-supply configuration. If this 5-V level is exceeded, damage could occur to the device unless the current
into CLK IN is limited to ±5 mA. A divide-by-two
frequency divider interfaces with CLK IN and sets
the chopping frequency. The chopping frequency
appears on CLK OUT.
0
V
T
= ±5 V
= 25°C
DD±
A
overload recovery/output clamp
– 5
0
When large differential-input-voltage conditions
are applied to the TLC2654, the nulling loop
attempts to prevent the output from saturating by
drivingC andC tointernally-clampedvoltage
XA
XB
levels. Once the overdrive condition is removed,
a period of time is required to allow the built-up
charge to dissipate. This time period is defined as
overload recovery time (see Figure 34). Typical
overload recovery time for the TLC2654 is
significantly faster than competitive products;
however, this time can be reduced further by use
of internal clamp circuitry accessible through
CLAMP if required.
– 50
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
t – Time – ms
Figure 34. Overload Recovery
20
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
overload recovery/output clamp (continued)
The clamp is a switch that is automatically activated when the output is approximately 1 V from either supply
rail. When connected to the inverting input (in parallel with the closed-loop feedback resistor), the closed-loop
gain is reduced and the TLC2654 output is prevented from going into saturation. Since the output must source
or sink current through the switch (see Figure 9), the maximum output voltage swing is slightly reduced.
thermoelectric effects
To take advantage of the extremely low offset voltage temperature coefficient of the TLC2654, care must be
taken to compensate for the thermoelectric effects present when two dissimilar metals are brought into contact
witheachother(suchasdeviceleadsbeingsolderedtoaprinted-circuitboard). Itisnotuncommonfordissimilar
metal junctions to produce thermoelectric voltages in the range of several microvolts per degree Celsius (orders
of magnitude greater than the 0.01 µV/°C typical of the TLC2654).
To help minimize thermoelectric effects, pay careful attention to component selection and circuit-board layout.
Avoid the use of nonsoldered connections (such as sockets, relays, switches, etc.) in the input signal path.
Cancel thermoelectric effects by duplicating the number of components and junctions in each device input. The
use of low-thermoelectric-coefficient components, such as wire-wound resistors, is also beneficial.
latch-up avoidance
BecauseCMOSdevicesaresusceptibletolatch-upduetotheirinherentparasiticthyristors, theTLC2654inputs
and outputs are designed to withstand –100-mA surge currents without sustaining latch-up; however,
techniques to reduce the chance of latch-up should be used whenever possible. Internal protection diodes
should not, by design, be forward biased. Applied input and output voltages should not exceed the supply
voltage by more than 300 mV. Care should be exercised when using capacitive coupling on pulse generators.
Supply transients should be stunted by the use of decoupling capacitors (0.1 µF typical) located across the
supply rails as close to the device as possible.
The current path established if latch-up occurs is usually between the supply rails and is limited only by the
impedance of the power supply and the forward resistance of the parasitic thyristor. The chance of latch-up
occurring increases with increasing temperature and supply voltage.
electrostatic-discharge protection
The TLC2654 incorporates internal ESD-protection circuits that prevent functional failures at voltages at or
below 2000 V. Care should be exercised in handling these devices, as exposure to ESD may result in
degradation of the device parametric performance.
theory of operation
Chopper-stabilized operational amplifiers offer the best dc performance of any monolithic operational amplifier.
This superior performance is the result of using two operational amplifiers — a main amplifier and a nulling
amplifier – plus oscillator-controlled logic and two external capacitors to create a system that behaves as a
single amplifier. With this approach, the TLC2654 achieves submicrovolt input offset voltage, submicrovolt
noise voltage, and offset voltage variations with temperature in the nV/°C range.
The TLC2654 on-chip control logic produces two dominant clock phases: a nulling phase and an amplifying
phase. The term chopper-stabilized derives from the process of switching between these two clock phases.
Figure 35 shows a simplified block diagram of the TLC2654. Switches A and B are make-before-break types.
21
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
theory of operation (continued)
Duringthenullingphase, switchAisclosed, shortingthenullingamplifierinputstogetherandallowingthenulling
amplifier to reduce its own input offset voltage by feeding its output signal back to an inverting input node.
Simultaneously, external capacitor C stores the nulling potential to allow the offset voltage of the amplifier to
XA
remain nulled during the amplifying phase.
Main
5
IN+
IN–
+
–
10
OUT
4
B
C
XB
B
Null
+
A
7
V
DD–
–
A
C
XA
Pin numbers shown are for the D (14 pin), J, and N packages.
Figure 35. TLC2654 Simplified Block Diagram
During the amplifying phase, switch B is closed, connecting the output of the nulling amplifier to a noninverting
input of the main amplifier. In this configuration, the input offset voltage of the main amplifier is nulled. Also,
external capacitor C
nulled during the next nulling phase.
stores the nulling potential to allow the offset voltage of the main amplifier to remain
XB
This continuous chopping process allows offset voltage nulling during variations in time and temperature and
over the common-mode input voltage range and power supply range. In addition, because the low-frequency
signal path is through both the null and main amplifiers, extremely high gain is achieved.
The low-frequency noise of a chopper amplifier depends on the magnitude of the component noise prior to
choppingandthecapabilityofthecircuittoreducethisnoisewhilechopping. TheuseoftheAdvancedLinCMOS
process, with its low-noise analog MOS transistors and patent-pending input stage design, significantly reduces
the input noise voltage.
The primary source of nonideal operation in chopper-stabilized amplifiers is error charge from the switches. As
charge imbalance accumulates on critical nodes, input offset voltage can increase especially with increasing
chopping frequency. This problem has been significantly reduced in the TLC2654 by use of a patent-pending
compensation circuit and the Advanced LinCMOS process.
The TLC2654 incorporates a feed-forward design that ensures continuous frequency response. Essentially, the
gain magnitude of the nulling amplifier and compensation network crosses unity at the break frequency of the
main amplifier. As a result, the high-frequency response of the system is the same as the frequency response
of the main amplifier. This approach also ensures that the slewing characteristics remain the same during both
the nulling and amplifying phases.
The primary limitation on ac performance is the chopping frequency. As the input signal frequency approaches
the chopper’s clock frequency, intermodulation (or aliasing) errors result from the mixing of these frequencies.
To avoid these error signals, the input frequency must be less than half the clock frequency. Most choppers
available today limit the internal chopping frequency to less than 500 Hz in order to eliminate errors due to the
charge imbalancing phenomenon mentioned previously. However, to avoid intermodulation errors on a 500-Hz
chopper, the input signal frequency must be limited to less than 250 Hz.
22
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
theory of operation (continued)
The TLC2654 removes this restriction on ac performance by using a 10-kHz internal clock frequency. This high
chopping frequency allows amplification of input signals up to 5 kHz without errors due to intermodulation and
greatly reduces low-frequency noise.
THERMAL INFORMATION
temperature coefficient of input offset voltage
Figure 36 shows the effects of package-included thermal EMF. The TLC2654 can null only the offset voltage
within its nulling loop. There are metal-to-metal junctions outside the nulling loop (bonding wires, solder joints,
etc.) that produce EMF. In Figure 36, a TLC2654 packaged in a 14-pin plastic package (N package) was placed
in an oven at 25°C at t = 0, biased up, and allowed to stabilize. At t = 3 min, the oven was turned on and allowed
to rise in temperature to 125°C. As evidenced by the curve, the overall change in input offset voltage with
temperature is less than the specified maximum limit of 0.05 µV/°C.
8
4
0
0.08
0.04
0.1 µF
0
50 kΩ
– 0.04
– 4
– 8
5 V
4
V
= V /1000
IO
10
O
IN–
IN+
–
+
– 0.08
– 0.12
– 0.16
– 0.2
100 Ω
5
OUT
– 12
–5 V
V
O
50 kΩ
0.1 µF
– 15
– 18
0
3
6
9
12 15 18 21 24 27 30
t – Time – min
Pin numbers shown are for the D (14-pin), J, and N
packages.
Figure 36. Effects of Package-Induced Thermal EMF
23
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
D (R-PDSO-G**)
PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
14 PINS SHOWN
0.050 (1,27)
0.020 (0,51)
0.010 (0,25)
M
0.014 (0,35)
14
8
0.008 (0,20) NOM
0.244 (6,20)
0.228 (5,80)
0.157 (4,00)
0.150 (3,81)
Gage Plane
0.010 (0,25)
1
7
0°–8°
0.044 (1,12)
A
0.016 (0,40)
Seating Plane
0.004 (0,10)
0.010 (0,25)
0.004 (0,10)
0.069 (1,75) MAX
PINS **
8
14
16
DIM
0.197
(5,00)
0.344
(8,75)
0.394
(10,00)
A MAX
0.189
(4,80)
0.337
(8,55)
0.386
(9,80)
A MIN
4040047/D 10/96
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15).
D. Falls within JEDEC MS-012
24
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
FK (S-CQCC-N**)
LEADLESS CERAMIC CHIP CARRIER
28 TERMINAL SHOWN
A
B
NO. OF
TERMINALS
**
18 17 16 15 14 13 12
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
0.342
(8,69)
0.358
(9,09)
0.307
(7,80)
0.358
(9,09)
19
20
11
10
9
20
28
44
52
68
84
0.442
(11,23)
0.458
(11,63)
0.406
(10,31)
0.458
(11,63)
21
B SQ
22
0.640
(16,26)
0.660
(16,76)
0.495
(12,58)
0.560
(14,22)
8
A SQ
23
0.739
(18,78)
0.761
(19,32)
0.495
(12,58)
0.560
(14,22)
7
24
25
6
0.938
(23,83)
0.962
(24,43)
0.850
(21,6)
0.858
(21,8)
5
1.141
(28,99)
1.165
(29,59)
1.047
(26,6)
1.063
(27,0)
26 27 28
1
2
3
4
0.080 (2,03)
0.064 (1,63)
0.020 (0,51)
0.010 (0,25)
0.020 (0,51)
0.010 (0,25)
0.055 (1,40)
0.045 (1,14)
0.045 (1,14)
0.035 (0,89)
0.045 (1,14)
0.035 (0,89)
0.028 (0,71)
0.022 (0,54)
0.050 (1,27)
4040140/D 10/96
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. This package can be hermetically sealed with a metal lid.
D. The terminals are gold plated.
E. Falls within JEDEC MS-004
25
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
J (R-GDIP-T**)
CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
14 PIN SHOWN
PINS **
14
16
18
20
DIM
0.310
(7,87)
0.310
(7,87)
0.310
(7,87)
0.310
(7,87)
A MAX
B
0.290
(7,37)
0.290
(7,37)
0.290
(7,37)
0.290
(7,37)
A MIN
B MAX
B MIN
C MAX
C MIN
14
8
0.785
0.785
0.910
0.975
(19,94) (19,94) (23,10) (24,77)
C
0.755
(19,18) (19,18)
0.755
0.930
(23,62)
0.300
(7,62)
0.300
(7,62)
0.300
(7,62)
0.300
(7,62)
1
7
0.065 (1,65)
0.045 (1,14)
0.245
(6,22)
0.245
(6,22)
0.245
(6,22)
0.245
(6,22)
0.100 (2,54)
0.070 (1,78)
0.020 (0,51) MIN
A
0.200 (5,08) MAX
Seating Plane
0.130 (3,30) MIN
0.100 (2,54)
0°–15°
0.023 (0,58)
0.015 (0,38)
0.014 (0,36)
0.008 (0,20)
4040083/D 08/98
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. This package can be hermetically sealed with a ceramic lid using glass frit.
D. Index point is provided on cap for terminal identification only on press ceramic glass frit seal only.
E. Falls within MIL STD 1835 GDIP1-T14, GDIP1-T16, GDIP1-T18, GDIP1-T20, and GDIP1-T22.
26
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
JG (R-GDIP-T8)
CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
0.400 (10,20)
0.355 (9,00)
8
5
0.280 (7,11)
0.245 (6,22)
1
4
0.065 (1,65)
0.045 (1,14)
0.310 (7,87)
0.290 (7,37)
0.020 (0,51) MIN
0.200 (5,08) MAX
0.130 (3,30) MIN
Seating Plane
0.063 (1,60)
0.015 (0,38)
0°–15°
0.023 (0,58)
0.015 (0,38)
0.100 (2,54)
0.014 (0,36)
0.008 (0,20)
4040107/C 08/96
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. This package can be hermetically sealed with a ceramic lid using glass frit.
D. Index point is provided on cap for terminal identification only on press ceramic glass frit seal only.
E. Falls within MIL-STD-1835 GDIP1-T8
27
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
N (R-PDIP-T**)
PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
16 PIN SHOWN
PINS **
DIM
14
16
18
20
0.775
(19,69)
0.775
(19,69)
0.920
(23.37)
0.975
(24,77)
A MAX
A MIN
A
16
9
0.745
(18,92)
0.745
(18,92)
0.850
(21.59)
0.940
(23,88)
0.260 (6,60)
0.240 (6,10)
1
8
0.070 (1,78) MAX
0.020 (0,51) MIN
0.310 (7,87)
0.290 (7,37)
0.035 (0,89) MAX
0.200 (5,08) MAX
Seating Plane
0.125 (3,18) MIN
0.100 (2,54)
0°–15°
0.021 (0,53)
0.015 (0,38)
0.010 (0,25)
M
0.010 (0,25) NOM
14/18 PIN ONLY
4040049/C 08/95
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Falls within JEDEC MS-001 (20 pin package is shorter then MS-001.)
28
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLC2654, TLC2654A
Advanced LinCMOS LOW-NOISE CHOPPER-STABILIZED
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS020F – NOVEMBER 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
P (R-PDIP-T8)
PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
0.400 (10,60)
0.355 (9,02)
8
5
0.260 (6,60)
0.240 (6,10)
1
4
0.070 (1,78) MAX
0.310 (7,87)
0.290 (7,37)
0.020 (0,51) MIN
0.200 (5,08) MAX
Seating Plane
0.125 (3,18) MIN
0.100 (2,54)
0°–15°
0.021 (0,53)
0.015 (0,38)
0.010 (0,25)
M
0.010 (0,25) NOM
4040082/B 03/95
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Falls within JEDEC MS-001
29
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
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TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
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Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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