TPA0103_V01 [TI]
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER;
| 型号： | TPA0103_V01 |
| 厂家： | 
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
| 描述： | 1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER 放大器 功率放大器 |
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| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PWP PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
Desktop Computer Amplifier Solution
– 1.75-W Bridge Tied Load (BTL) Center
Channel
1
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
GND/HS
NC
LOUT
LLINEIN
LHPIN
CIN
GND/HS
NC
ROUT
RLINEIN
RHPIN
BYPASS
– 500-mW L/R Single-Ended Channels
2
Low Distortion Output
– < 0.05% THD+N at Full Power
3
4
5
Full 3.3-V and 5-V Specifications
6
Surface-Mount Power Package
24-Pin TSSOP
7
V
V
DD
DD
8
SHUTDOWN
MUTE OUT
COUT+
NC
L/R Input MUX Feature
9
HP/LINE
COUT–
MODE A
GND/HS
10
11
12
Shutdown Control . . . I
= 5 µA
DD
MODE B
GND/HS
C
FC
R
FC
6
CIN
10
15
COUT+
–
Internal
Speaker
COUT–
+
BYPASS
R
R
19
9
IRC
ILC
14
11
MODE A
MODE B
V
DD
MUTE OUT
SHUTDOWN
C
B
CNTL
R
R
M1
NC
M2
V
DD
8
V
DD 7, 18
V
DD
16
HP/LINE
20
RHPIN
C
NC
OUTR
Right
MUX
ROUT
LOUT
–
22
R
R
IR
IL
21 RLINEIN
+
R
C
M3
IR
5
4
LHPIN
NC
Left
MUX
3
–
LLINEIN
+
C
OUTL
C
IL
R
R
FL
GND/HS
1, 12, 13, 24
FR
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
1
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TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
description
The TPA0103 is a 3-channel audio power amplifier in a 24-pin TSSOP thermal package primarily targeted at
desktop PC or notebook applications. The left/right (L/R) channel outputs are single ended (SE) and capable
of delivering 500 mW of continuous RMS power per channel into 4-Ω loads. The center channel output is a
bridged tied load (BTL) configuration for delivering maximum output power from PC power supplies. Combining
the SE line drivers and high power center channel amplifiers in a single TSSOP package simplifies design and
frees up board space for other features. Full power distortion levels of less than 0.25% THD+N into 4-Ω loads
from a 5-V supply voltage are typical. Low-voltage application are also well served by the TPA0103 providing
800 mW to the center channel into 4-Ω loads with a 3.3-V supply voltage.
Amplifier gain is externally configured by means of two resistors per input channel and does not require external
compensation for settings of 1 to 10. A two channel input MUX circuit is integrated on the L/R channel inputs
to allow two sets of stereo inputs to the amplifier. In the typical application, the center channel amplifier is driven
from a mix of the L/R inputs to produce a monaural representation of the stereo signal. The center channel
amplifier can be shut down independently of the L/R output for speaker muting in headphone applications. The
TPA0103 also features a full shutdown function for power sensitive applications holding the bias current
to 5 µA.
The PowerPAD package (PWP) delivers a level of thermal performance that was previously achievable only
in TO-220-type packages. Thermal impedances of less than 35°C/W are readily realized in multilayer PCB
applications. This allows the TPA0103 to operate at full power at ambient temperature of up to 85°C.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGE
T
A
†
TSSOP
(PWP)
–40°C to 85°C
TPA0103PWP
†
The PWP package is available in left-ended tape
and reel only (e.g., TPA0103PWPLE).
2
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TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
BYPASS
I/O DESCRIPTION
NO.
19
6
Bypass. BYPASS is a tap to the voltage divider for the internal mid-supply bias.
Center channel input
CIN
I
COUT+
10
O
Center channel + output. COUT+ is in an active or high-impedance state unless the device is in a mute state
when the MODE A terminal (14) is high and the MODE B terminal (11) is low.
COUT–
15
O
I
Center channel – output. COUT– is in an active or high-impedance state unless the device is in a mute state
when the MODE A terminal (14) is high and the MODE B terminal (11) is low.
GND/HS
1, 12,
13, 24
Ground. GND/HS is the ground connection for circuitry, directly connected to thermal pad.
MODE A,
MODE B
14, 11
Mode select. MODE A and MODE B determine the output modes of the TPA0103.
TERMINAL
3 CHANNEL
MUTE
CENTER
ONLY
L/R
ONLY
MODE A
MODE B
L
L
H
L
L
H
H
H
HP/LINE
16
I
InputMUX control input, hold high to select (L/R) HPIN (5, 20), hold low to select (L/R) LINEIN (4, 21). HP/LINE
is normally connected to ground when inputs are connected to (L/R) LINEIN.
LHPIN
LLINEIN
LOUT
5
4
3
I
I
Left channel headphone input, selected when the HP/LINE terminal (16) is held high
Left channel line input, selected when the HP/LINE terminal (16) is held low
O
Left channel output. LOUT is active when the MODE A terminal (14) is low and the MODE B terminal (11) is
don’t care.
MUTE OUT
NC
9
O
WhentheMODEAterminal(14)ishighandtheMODEBterminal(11)islow, MUTEOUTishighandthedevice
is in a mute state. Otherwise MUTE OUT is low.
2, 17,
23
No internal connection
RHPIN
RLINEIN
ROUT
20
21
22
I
I
Right channel headphone input, selected when the HP/LINE terminal (16) is held high
Right channel line input, selected when the HP/LINE terminal (16) is held low
O
Right channel output. ROUT is active when the MODE A terminal (14) is low and the MODE B terminal (11)
is don’t care.
SHUTDOWN
8
I
I
Places entire IC in shutdown mode when held high, I
= 5 µA
DD
terminals must be connected together.
V
DD
7, 18
Supply voltage input. The V
DD
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
†
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Supply voltage, V
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V
DD
Continuous output current (COUT+, COUT–, LOUT, ROUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . internally limited
Operating virtual junction temperature range, T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 150°C
J
Operating virtual case temperature range, T
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 125°C
C
Storage temperature range, T
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds
stg
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
PACKAGE
T
A
≤ 25°C
DERATING FACTOR
T
A
= 70°C
T = 85°C
A
‡
PWP
2.7 W
21.8 mW/°C
1.7 W
1.4 W
‡
Please see the Texas Instruments document, PowerPAD Thermally Enhanced Package Application Report
(literature number SLMA002), for more information on the PowerPAD package. The thermal data was
measured on a PCB layout based on the information in the section entitled Texas InstrumentsRecommended
Board for PowerPAD on page 33 of the before mentioned document.
recommended operating conditions
MIN NOM
MAX
UNIT
V
Supply Voltage, V
3
5
5.5
DD
Operating junction temperature, T
125
°C
J
dc electrical characteristics, T = 25°C
A
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
3 Channel
NOM
TYP
MAX
UNIT
mA
mA
mA
mA
mV
µA
19
9
25
15
20
10
35
V
V
= 5 V
DD
L and R or Center only
3 Channel
I
Supply current
DD
13
3
= 3.3 V
DD
L and R or Center only
Gain = 2, See Note 1
V
OO
Output offset voltage (measured differentially)
Supply current in mute mode
V
DD
V
DD
V
DD
= 5 V,
= 5 V
= 5 V
5
I
I
800
5
DD(MUTE)
I
in shutdown
15
µA
DD(SD)
DD
NOTE 1: At 3 V < V
< 5 V the dc output voltage is approximately V /2.
DD
DD
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
ac operating characteristics, V
= 5 V, T = 25°C, R = 4 Ω
DD
A
L
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
1.75
2.1
535
575
0.25%
>20
85
MAX
UNIT
THD = 0.2%,
THD = 1%,
THD = 0.2%,
THD = 1%,
BTL,
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
Center channel
L/R channels
L/R channels
W
P
Output power (each channel) (see Note 2)
O
mW
SE,
THD+N Total harmonic distortion plus noise
P
= 1.5 W,
f = 20 to 20 kHz
THD < 5 %
o
B
OM
Maximum output power bandwidth
Phase margin
G = 10,
kHz
Open loop
°
Center channel
L/R channels
Center channel
L/R channels
80
f = 1 kHz
58
Supply ripple rejection ratio
dB
60
f = 20 – 20 kHz
30
Mute attenuation
85
dB
dB
Channel-to-channel output separation
Line/HP input separation
Input impedance
f = 1 kHz
95
100
2
dB
Z
I
MΩ
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
L/R channels
94
Signal-to-noise ratio
Output noise voltage
V
= 1 V(rms)
dB
O
100
20
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
L/R channels
V
n
µV(rms)
9
NOTE 2: Output power is measured at the output terminals of the IC at 1 kHz.
ac operating characteristics, V
= 3.3 V, T = 25°C, R = 4 Ω
DD
A
L
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
800
850
215
235
0.8%
>20
85
MAX
UNIT
THD = 0.2%
THD = 1%
BTL,
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
Center channel
L/R channels
L/R channels
P
Output power (each channel) (see Note 2)
mW
O
THD = 0.2%,
THD = 1%,
SE,
THD+N Total harmonic distortion plus noise
P
= 750 mW,
f = 20 to 20 kHz
THD < 5 %
o
B
OM
Maximum output power bandwidth
Phase margin
G = 10,
kHz
Open loop
°
Center channel
L/R channels
Center channel
L/R channels
70
f = 1 kHz
62
Supply ripple rejection ratio
dB
55
f = 20 – 20 kHz
30
Mute attenuation
85
dB
dB
Channel-to-channel output separation
Line/HP input separation
Input impedance
f = 1 kHz
95
100
2
dB
Z
I
MΩ
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
L/R channels
93
Signal-to-noise ratio
Output noise voltage
V
= 1 V(rms)
dB
O
100
21
BTL,
SE,
Center channel
L/R channels
V
n
µV(rms)
10
NOTE 2: Output power is measured at the output terminals of the IC at 1 kHz.
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
R
F
R
B
R
= 4 Ω or 8 Ω
I
L
C
I
C
4.7 µF
V
DD
MODE A
V
DD
MODE B
SHUTDOWN
MUX
HP/LINE
MUX
Figure 1. BTL Test Circuit
C
4.7 µF
B
MODE A
V
V
DD
V
DD
MODE B
DD
SHUTDOWN
R
F
C
O
MUX
R
I
C
C
I
I
R
R
L
L
HP/LINE
C
O
MUX
R
I
R
F
Figure 2. SE Test Circuit
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
3, 4, 7, 10–12, 15, 18, 21, 24,
vs Output power
27, 30, 33, 36
THD + N Total harmonic distortion plus noise
5, 6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19,
20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31,
32, 34, 35
vs Frequency
V
Output noise voltage
Supply ripple rejection ratio
Crosstalk
vs Frequency
vs Frequency
vs Frequency
vs Frequency
vs Frequency
vs Supply voltage
37,38
39, 40
41, 42
43, 44
45 – 48
49
n
Open loop response
Closed loop response
Supply current
I
DD
vs Supply voltage
vs Load resistance
50, 51
52, 53
P
Output power
O
D
P
Power dissipation
vs Output power
54 – 57
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
OUTPUT POWER
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
= 5 V
V
= 5 V
DD
DD
f = 1 kHz
SE
f = 1 kHz
BTL
1
1
R
= 8 Ω
L
R
= 4 Ω
L
R
= 8 Ω
L
0.1
0.1
R
= 4 Ω
L
0.01
0.01
0
75 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 675 750
0
0.25 0.5 0.75
1
1.25 1.5 1.75
2
2.25 2.5
P
O
– Output Power – W
P
O
– Output Power – mW
Figure 3
Figure 4
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 1.5 W
= 4 Ω
DD
O
L
V
R
= 5 V
DD
= 4 Ω
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
BTL
BTL
1
1
P
O
= 1.5 W
A
V
= –20 V/V
A
V
= –10 V/V
P
O
= 0.75 W
0.1
0.01
0.1
P
O
= 0.25 W
A
V
= –2 V/V
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 5
Figure 6
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
OUTPUT POWER
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
R
= 5 V
DD
= 8 Ω
V
R
BTL
= 5 V
DD
= 4 Ω
L
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
BTL
1
1
f = 20 kHz
P
O
= 0.5 W
0.1
0.1
f = 1 kHz
P
O
= 1 W
f = 20 Hz
P
O
= 0.25 W
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.1
1
10
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
P
O
– Output Power – W
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 7
Figure 8
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 1 W
= 8 Ω
DD
O
L
V
R
= 5 V
DD
= 8 Ω
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
BTL
BTL
1
1
f = 20 kHz
A
V
= –20 V/V
A
V
= –10 V/V
0.1
0.1
f = 1 kHz
A
V
= –2 V/V
f = 20 Hz
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.01
0.1
P – Output Power – W
O
1
10
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 9
Figure 10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
OUTPUT POWER
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
= 3.3 V
V
= 3.3 V
DD
DD
f = 1 kHz
BTL
f = 1 kHz
SE
1
1
R
= 4 Ω
L
R
= 8 Ω
R
= 8 Ω
L
L
0.1
0.1
R
= 4 Ω
L
0.01
0.01
0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
– Output Power – W
1
0
30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300
P
O
P
O
– Output Power – mW
Figure 11
Figure 12
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
P
R
= 3.3 V
= 0.75 W
= 4 Ω
V
= 3.3 V
DD
O
L
DD
= 4 Ω
R
A
L
= –2 V/V
V
BTL
BTL
1
1
A
V
= –20 V/V
P
O
= 0.75 W
0.1
0.1
P
O
= 0.1 W
A
V
= –10 V/V
P
O
= 0.35 W
A
V
= –2 V/V
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 13
Figure 14
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
= 3.3 V
DD
V
R
= 3.3 V
DD
= 4 Ω
P
O
= 0.4 W
L
R = 8 Ω
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
BTL
BTL
f = 20 kHz
1
1
A
= –20 V/V
V
f = 1 kHz
f = 20 Hz
0.1
0.1
A
V
= –10 V/V
A
V
= –2 V/V
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.01
0.1
1
10
P
O
– Output Power – W
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 15
Figure 16
10
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
= 3.3 V
V
= 3.3 V
DD
= 8 Ω
DD
= 8 Ω
R
A
R
A
L
L
= –2 V/V
= –2 V/V
V
V
BTL
BTL
f = 20 kHz
1
1
0.1
P
O
= 0.25 W
0.1
f = 1 kHz
P
O
= 0.4 W
f = 20 Hz
0.1
P
O
= 0.1 W
1 k
0.01
0.01
20
100
10 k 20 k
0.01
1
10
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 17
Figure 18
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 0.5 W
= 4 Ω
DD
O
L
V
= 5 V
DD
R = 4 Ω
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
SE
SE
1
1
P
O
= 0.5 W
A
V
= –10 V/V
P
O
= 0.25 W
0.1
0.1
A
V
= –5 V/V
A
V
= –1 V/V
P
O
= 0.1 W
100
0.01
0.01
20
1 k
f – Frequency – Hz
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 19
Figure 20
11
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 0.25 W
= 8 Ω
V
= 5 V
DD
O
L
DD
= 4 Ω
R
A
L
= –2 V/V
V
SE
SE
1
1
f = 20 kHz
f =100 Hz
A
V
= –10 V/V
0.1
0.1
A
= –5 V/V
V
A
V
= –1 V/V
f = 1 kHz
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 21
Figure 22
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
= 5 V
V
R
SE
= 5 V
DD
= 8 Ω
DD
= 8 Ω
R
A
L
L
= –2 V/V
V
SE
1
1
f = 20 kHz
0.1
0.1
P
O
= 0.25 W
f = 1 kHz
P
O
= 0.1 W
f = 100 Hz
P
= 0.05 W
O
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 23
Figure 24
12
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 75 mW
= 32 Ω
DD
O
L
V
R
SE
= 5 V
= 32 Ω
DD
L
SE
1
1
A
V
= –10 V/V
A
V
= –5 V/V
0.1
0.1
P
O
= 50 mW
P
O
= 75 mW
A
V
= –1 V/V
P
O
= 25 mW
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 25
Figure 26
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
R
SE
= 5 V
= 32 Ω
V
P
R
= 3.3 V
= 0.2 W
= 4 Ω
DD
L
DD
O
L
SE
1
1
A
V
= –10 V/V
f = 20 kHz
0.1
0.1
A
V
= –5 V/V
f = 20 Hz
A
V
= –1 V/V
f = 1 kHz
0.1
0.01
0.01
0.001
0.01
1
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 27
Figure 28
13
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
R
= 3.3 V
DD
= 4 Ω
V
R
SE
= 3.3 V
DD
= 4 Ω
L
L
A
= –2 V/V
V
SE
1
1
P
O
= 0.2 W
f = 20 kHz
f = 1 kHz
P
O
= 0.1 W
0.1
0.1
P
O
= 0.05 W
f = 100 Hz
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.001
0.01
P – Output Power – W
O
0.1
1
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 29
Figure 30
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
10
10
V
R
SE
= 3.3 V
DD
= 8 Ω
V
P
R
= 3.3 V
= 100 mW
= 8 Ω
DD
O
L
L
SE
1
1
P
O
= 100 mW
P
O
= 50 mW
A
V
= –10 V/V
0.1
0.1
P
O
= 25 mW
A
V
= –5 V/V
A
V
= –1 V/V
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 31
Figure 32
14
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
R
SE
= 3.3 V
V
P
R
= 3.3 V
= 30 mW
= 32 Ω
DD
= 8 Ω
DD
O
L
L
SE
1
1
f = 20 kHz
A
V
= –10 V/V
f = 1 kHz
0.1
0.1
A
V
= –5 V/V
A
V
= –1 V/V
f = 100 Hz
0.01
0.01
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.01
0.001
0.1
1
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 33
Figure 34
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT POWER
10
10
V
R
SE
= 3.3 V
DD
= 32 Ω
V
R
SE
= 3.3 V
DD
= 32 Ω
L
L
1
1
f = 20 kHz
0.1
P
O
= 20 mW
0.1
f = 1 kHz
f = 20 Hz
P
O
= 30 mW
0.01
0.01
P
O
= 10 mW
0.001
0.001
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
f – Frequency – Hz
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 35
Figure 36
15
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
100
100
V
= 5 V
V
= 3.3 V
DD
BW = 22 Hz to 22 kHz
= 4Ω
DD
BW = 22 Hz to 22 kHz
R = 4Ω
L
R
L
Center
Center
Left
Left
10
10
Right
Right
1
1
20
100
1 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 37
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 38
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO
vs
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
0
0
–10
–20
R
C
SE
= 4 Ω
= 4.7 µF
L
B
R
C
BTL
= 4 Ω
= 4.7 µF
L
B
–10
–20
–30
–40
–50
–60
–70
–30
–40
–50
–60
–70
V
DD
= 5 V
V
DD
= 3.3 V
V
DD
= 3.3 V
–80
–80
V
DD
= 5 V
–90
–90
–100
–100
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
100
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 39
Figure 40
16
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CROSSTALK
vs
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
–40
–50
–40
V
P
R
= 5 V
= 75 mW
= 32 Ω
V
= 3.3 V
DD
DD
O
L
P
R
= 35 mW
O
–50
= 32 Ω
L
SE
SE
–60
–70
–80
–60
–70
–80
Left to Right
Left to Right
–90
–90
–100
–100
Right to Left
100
Right to Left
100
–110
–120
–110
–120
20
1 k
10 k 20 k
20
1 k
10 k 20 k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 41
Figure 42
OPEN LOOP RESPONSE
100
80
V
= 5 V
DD
BTL
180°
90°
0°
60
Phase
40
20
0
Gain
–90°
–20
–40
–180°
10000
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
f – Frequency – kHz
Figure 43
17
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OPEN LOOP RESPONSE
80
180°
90°
V
BTL
= 3.3 V
DD
60
40
Phase
Gain
0°
20
0
–90°
–180°
–20
–40
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
f – Frequency – kHz
Figure 44
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE
0°
10
9
V
= 5 V
= –2 V/V
= 1.5 W
DD
A
V
O
BTL
P
–45°
–90°
–135°
–180°
8
7
Gain
6
5
4
3
2
Phase
–225°
–270°
1
0
20
100
1 k
10 k
100 k 200 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 45
18
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE
0°
10
9
V
= 3.3 V
= –2 V/V
= 0.75 W
DD
A
V
O
BTL
P
–45°
8
7
–90°
Gain
6
5
–135°
–180°
4
3
2
Phase
–225°
–270°
1
0
20
100
1 k
10 k
100 k 200 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 46
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE
0°
0
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
Gain
–45°
–90°
–135°
–180°
–6
–7
–8
Phase
V
= 5 V
= –1 V/V
= 0.5 W
DD
A
V
O
SE
–225°
–270°
P
–9
–10
20
100
1 k
10 k
100 k 200 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 47
19
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE
0
0°
Gain
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–45°
–90°
–135°
–180°
Phase
V
= 3.3V
= –1 V/V
= 0.25 W
DD
A
V
O
SE
–225°
–270°
P
–9
–10
20
100
1 k
10 k
100 k 200 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 48
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
OUTPUT POWER
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
3
30
25
20
15
10
THD+N = 1%
BTL
Center Channel
2.5
2
R
= 4 Ω
3 Channel
L
1.5
1
R
= 8 Ω
L
L/R or Center
Channel
0.5
0
5
0
2.5
3
3.5
V
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
3
4
5
6
V
– Supply Voltage – V
– Supply Voltage – V
DD
DD
Figure 49
Figure 50
20
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT POWER
OUTPUT POWER
vs
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
LOAD RESISTANCE
3
2.5
2
1
THD+N = 1%
SE
Each L/R Channel
THD+N = 1%
BTL
Center Channel
0.8
R
= 4 Ω
L
0.6
0.4
1.5
1
R
L
= 8 Ω
V
= 5 V
L
DD
0.2
0
0.5
0
R
= 32 Ω
V
= 3.3 V
12
DD
0
4
8
16
20
24
28
32
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
V
DD
– Supply Voltage – V
R – Load Resistance – Ω
L
Figure 51
Figure 52
OUTPUT POWER
vs
POWER DISSIPATION
vs
LOAD RESISTANCE
OUTPUT POWER
1
1.4
THD+N = 1%
SE
Each L/R Channel
R
= 4 Ω
L
1.2
0.8
1
0.6
0.4
0.8
R
= 8 Ω
L
0.6
0.4
V
DD
= 5 V
0.2
0
V
BTL
Center Channel
= 5 V
0.2
0
DD
V
= 3.3 V
8
DD
0
4
12
16
20
24
28
32
0
0.5
1
1.5 2
R
– Load Resistance – Ω
P
O
– Output Power – W
L
Figure 53
Figure 54
21
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
POWER DISSIPATION
vs
POWER DISSIPATION
vs
OUTPUT POWER
OUTPUT POWER
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
R
= 4 Ω
L
R
= 4 Ω
= 8 Ω
L
R
L
R
= 8 Ω
L
0.2
0
R
= 32Ω
L
V
= 3.3 V
V
= 5 V
0.1
0
DD
BTL
DD
SE
Each L/R Channel
Center Channel
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
P
O
– Output Power – W
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 55
Figure 56
POWER DISSIPATION
vs
OUTPUT POWER
0.6
V
= 3.3V
DD
SE
Each L/R Channel
R
= 4 Ω
L
0.4
R
= 8 Ω
L
0.2
R
= 32Ω
L
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
P
O
– Output Power – W
Figure 57
22
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
THERMAL INFORMATION
The thermally enhanced PWP package is based on the 24-pin TSSOP, but includes a thermal pad (see Figure 58)
to provide an effective thermal contact between the IC and the PWB.
Traditionally, surface mount and power have been mutually exclusive terms. A variety of scaled-down TO-220-type
packages have leads formed as gull wings to make them applicable for surface-mount applications. These packages,
however, have only two shortcomings: they do not address the very low profile requirements (<2 mm) of many of
today’s advanced systems, and they do not offer a terminal-count high enough to accommodate increasing
integration. Ontheotherhand, traditionallow-powersurface-mountpackagesrequirepower-dissipationderatingthat
severely limits the usable range of many high-performance analog circuits.
The PowerPAD package (thermally enhanced TSSOP) combines fine-pitch surface-mount technology with thermal
performance comparable to much larger power packages.
The PowerPAD package is designed to optimize the heat transfer to the PWB. Because of the very small size and
limited mass of a TSSOP package, thermal enhancement is achieved by improving the thermal conduction paths that
remove heat from the component. The thermal pad is formed using a patented lead-frame design and manufacturing
technique to provide a direct connection to the heat-generating IC. When this pad is soldered or otherwise thermally
coupled to an external heat dissipator, high power dissipation in the ultra-thin, fine-pitch, surface-mount package can
be reliably achieved.
DIE
Side View (a)
Thermal
Pad
DIE
End View (b)
Bottom View (c)
Figure 58. Views of Thermally Enhanced PWP Package
23
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
bridged-tied load versus single-ended mode
Figure 59 shows a linear audio power amplifier (APA) in a BTL configuration. The TPA0103 center -channel BTL
amplifier consists of two linear amplifiers driving both ends of the load. There are several potential benefits to
this differential drive configuration but initially consider power to the load. The differential drive to the speaker
means that as one side is slewing up the other side is slewing down and vice versa. This in effect doubles the
voltage swing on the load as compared to a ground referenced load. Plugging 2 × V
equation, where voltage is squared, yields 4× the output power from the same supply rail and load impedance
into the power
O(PP)
(see equation 1).
V
O(PP)
V
(rms)
2 2
2
V
(rms)
(1)
Power
R
L
V
DD
V
O(PP)
2x V
R
O(PP)
L
V
DD
–V
O(PP)
Figure 59. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration
In a typical computer sound channel operating at 5 V, bridging raises the power into an 8-Ω speaker from a
singled-ended (SE, ground reference) limit of 250 mW to 1 W. In sound power that is a 6-dB improvement —
which is loudness that can be heard. In addition to increased power there are frequency response concerns.
Consider the single-supply SE configuration of the L/R channels as shown in Figure 60. A coupling capacitor
is required to block the dc offset voltage from reaching the load. These capacitors can be quite large
(approximately 33 µF to 1000 µF) so they tend to be expensive, heavy, occupy valuable PCB area, and have
the additional drawback of limiting low-frequency performance of the system. This frequency limiting effect is
due to the high pass filter network created with the speaker impedance and the coupling capacitance and is
calculated with equation 2.
24
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
1
(2)
f
c
2 R C
L
C
For example, a 68-µF capacitor with an 8-Ω speaker would attenuate low frequencies below 293 Hz. The BTL
configuration cancels the dc offsets, which eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors. Low-frequency
performance is then limited only by the input network and speaker response. Cost and PCB space are also
minimized by eliminating the bulky coupling capacitor.
V
DD
–3 dB
V
O(PP)
f
f
= 293 Hz, 8 Ω, 68 µF
= 73 Hz, 32 Ω, 68 µF
c
c
C
C
V
O(PP)
R
L
f
c
Figure 60. Single-Ended Configuration and Frequency Response
BTL amplifier efficiency
Linear amplifiers are notoriously inefficient. The primary cause of these inefficiencies is voltage drop across the
output stage transistors. There are two components of the internal voltage drop. One is the headroom or dc
voltage drop that varies inversely to output power. The second component is due to the sinewave nature of the
output. The total voltage drop can be calculated by subtracting the RMS value of the output voltage from V
.
DD
The internal voltage drop multiplied by the RMS value of the supply current, I rms, determines the internal
DD
power dissipation of the amplifier.
An easy-to-use equation to calculate efficiency starts out as being equal to the ratio of power from the power
supply to the power delivered to the load. To accurately calculate the RMS values of power in the load and in
the amplifier, the current and voltage waveform shapes must first be understood (see Figure 61).
I
V
O
DD
I
DD(RMS)
V
(LRMS)
Figure 61. Voltage and Current Waveforms for BTL Amplifiers
25
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Although the voltages and currents for SE and BTL are sinusoidal in the load, currents from the supply are very
different between SE and BTL configurations. In an SE application the current waveform is a half-wave rectified
shape whereas in BTL it is a full-wave rectified waveform. This means RMS conversion factors are different.
Keep in mind that for most of the waveform both the push and pull transistors are not on at the same time, which
supports the fact that each amplifier in the BTL device only draws current from the supply for half the waveform.
The following equations are the basis for calculating amplifier efficiency.
P
L
Efficiency
(3)
P
SUP
Where:
2
2
V rms
V
V
2V
L
PP
PP
V
P
P
, V
P R 2
L L
L(BTL)
PP
V
R
2R
L
L
2V
V
L
PP
V
V
PP
PP
2
V rms(BTL)
L
2
2 2
PP
V
DD PP
P
V
I
rms
SUP
DD DD
R
L
V
PP
R
I
rms
DD
L
2
2P R
P
L
V
R
V
L L
PP
L
PP
(4)
Efficiency of a BTE Configuration
P
V
V
2R
2V
2V
SUP
L
DD PP
DD
DD
Equation 4 can also be used for SE operations.
Table 1employsequation4tocalculateefficienciesforfourdifferentoutputpowerlevels. Notethattheefficiency
of the amplifier is quite low for lower power levels and rises sharply as power to the load is increased resulting
in a nearly flat internal power dissipation over the normal operating range. Note that the internal dissipation at
full output power is less than in the half power range. Calculating the efficiency for a specific system is the key
to proper power supply design. For a stereo 1-W audio system with 8-Ω loads and a 5-V supply, the maximum
draw on the power supply is almost 3.25 W.
Table 1. Efficiency Vs Output Power in 5-V 8-Ω BTL Systems
PEAK-TO-PEAK
VOLTAGE
(V)
INTERNAL
DISSIPATION
(W)
OUTPUT POWER
(W)
EFFICIENCY
(%)
0.25
0.50
1.00
1.25
31.4
44.4
62.8
70.2
2.00
2.83
4.00
0.55
0.62
0.59
0.53
†
4.47
†
High peak voltages cause the THD to increase.
A final point to remember about linear amplifiers (either SE or BTL) is how to manipulate the terms in the
efficiency equation to utmost advantage when possible. Note that in equation 4, V is in the denominator. This
DD
indicates that as V goes down, efficiency goes up. As the numerator values of R and P decrease, efficiency
DD
L
L
decreases.
26
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
For example, if the 5-V supply is replaced with a 3.3-V supply (TPA0103 has a maximum recommended V
DD
of 5.5 V) in the calculations of Table 1 then efficiency at 0.5 W would rise from 44% to 67% and internal power
dissipation would fall from 0.62 W to 0.25 W at 5 V. Then for a stereo 0.5-W system from a 3.3-V supply, the
maximum draw would only be 1.5 W as compared to 2.24 W from 5 V. In other words, use the efficiency analysis
to chose the correct supply voltage and speaker impedance for the application.
selection of components
Figure 62 and Figure 63 are a schematic diagrams of typical computer application circuits.
C
FC
R
FC
6
CIN
10
15
COUT+
COUT–
–
Internal
Speaker
+
BYPASS
R
R
19
9
IRC
ILC
14
11
MODE A
MODE B
V
DD
MUTE OUT
SHUTDOWN
C
B
CNTL
R
R
M1
100 kΩ
NC
M2
100 kΩ
V
V
DD
8
V
DD 7, 18
DD
16
HP/LINE
20
RHPIN
C
NC
OUTR
Right
MUX
ROUT
LOUT
–
22
R
R
IR
IL
21 RLINEIN
+
R
1 kΩ
M3
C
C
IR
IL
5
4
LHPIN
NC
Left
MUX
3
–
LLINEIN
+
C
OUTL
R
R
FL
GND/HS
1, 12, 13, 24
FR
Figure 62. TPA0103 Minimum Configuration Application Circuit
27
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
C
FC
5 pF
R
FC 100 kΩ
R
IC
10 kΩ
CIN
6
10
15
COUT+
COUT–
Mono
–
4 Ω
C
IC
0.1 µF
BYPASS
19
Internal
Speaker
+
C
B
V
DD
4.7 µF
7, 18
V
DD
R
M2
100 kΩ
(see Note A)
14
MODE A
V
DD
MODE B
HP/LINE
11
AC97
CNTL
R
Active/Shutdown
High/Low Gain
M1
MUTE OUT
11
8
System
Control
100 kΩ
16
20
SHUTDOWN
R
IRHP
C
OUTR
RHPIN
10 kΩ
470 µF
Right
MUX
ROUT
–
Right
Line
22
21 RLINEIN
+
C
IR
0.1 µF
R
R
10 kΩ
M3
IRL
1 kΩ
R
FRHP
10 kΩ
4 Ω – 32 Ω
Speakers or
Headphones
R
FRL
50 kΩ
R
ILHP
10 kΩ
5
4
LHPIN
Left
MUX
Left
Line
LOUT
3
–
LLINEIN
+
C
IL
0.1 µF
R
10 kΩ
C
ILL
OUTL
470 µF
GND/HS
1, 12, 13, 24
R
FLHP
10 kΩ
R
FLL
50 kΩ
NOTE A: This connection is for ultralow current in shutdown mode.
Figure 63. TPA0103 Full Configuration Application Circuit
28
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
gain setting resistors, R and R
F
I
The gain for each audio input of the TPA0103 is set by resistors R and R according to equation 5 for BTL mode.
F
I
R
F
BTL Gain
2
(5)
R
I
In SE mode the gain is set by the R and R resistors and is shown in equation 6. Since the inverting amplifier
F
I
is not used to mirror the voltage swing on the load, the factor of 2, from equation 5, is not included.
R
F
SE Gain
(6)
R
I
BTL mode operation brings about the factor 2 in the gain equation due to the inverting amplifier mirroring the
voltage swing across the load. Given that the TPA0103 is a MOS amplifier, the input impedance is very high,
consequently input leakage currents are not generally a concern although noise in the circuit increases as the
value of R increases. In addition, a certain range of R values are required for proper startup operation of the
F
F
amplifier. Taken together it is recommended that the effective impedance seen by the inverting node of the
amplifier be set between 5 kΩ and 20 kΩ. The effective impedance is calculated in equation 7.
R R
F I
Effective Impedance
(7)
R
R
F
I
As an example consider an input resistance of 10 kΩ and a feedback resistor of 50 kΩ. The BTL gain of the
amplifier would be –10 and the effective impedance at the inverting terminal would be 8.3 kΩ, which is well within
the recommended range.
Forhighperformanceapplicationsmetalfilmresistorsarerecommendedbecausetheytendtohavelowernoise
levels than carbon resistors. For values of R above 50 kΩ the amplifier tends to become unstable due to a pole
F
formed from R and the inherent input capacitance of the MOS input structure. For this reason, a small
F
compensation capacitor of approximately 5 pF should be placed in parallel with R when R is greater than
F
F
50 kΩ. This, in effect, creates a low pass filter network with the cutoff frequency defined in equation 8.
–3 dB
1
f
(8)
c(lowpass)
2 R C
F
F
f
c
For example, if R is 100 kΩ and Cf is 5 pF then f is 318 kHz, which is well outside of the audio range.
F
c
29
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
input capacitor, C
I
In the typical application an input capacitor, C , is required to allow the amplifier to bias the input signal to the
I
proper dc level for optimum operation. In this case, C and R form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency
I
I
determined in equation 9.
–3 dB
1
f
(9)
c(highpass)
2 R C
I
I
f
c
The value of C is important to consider as it directly affects the bass (low frequency) performance of the circuit.
I
Consider the example where R is 10 kΩ and the specification calls for a flat bass response down to 40 Hz.
I
Equation 8 is reconfigured as equation 10.
1
C
(10)
I
2 R f
c
I
In this example, C is 0.40 µF so one would likely choose a value in the range of 0.47 µF to 1 µF. A further
I
consideration for this capacitor is the leakage path from the input source through the input network (R , C ) and
I
I
thefeedbackresistor(R )totheload. Thisleakagecurrentcreatesadcoffsetvoltageattheinputtotheamplifier
F
that reduces useful headroom, especially in high gain applications. For this reason a low-leakage tantalum or
ceramic capacitor is the best choice. When polarized capacitors are used, the positive side of the capacitor
should face the amplifier input in most applications as the dc level there is held at V /2, which is likely higher
DD
than the source dc level. Please note that it is important to confirm the capacitor polarity in the application.
power supply decoupling, C
S
The TPA0103 is a high-performance CMOS audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling
to ensure the output total harmonic distortion (THD) is as low as possible. Power supply decoupling also
prevents oscillations for long lead lengths between the amplifier and the speaker. The optimum decoupling is
achieved by using two capacitors of different types that target different types of noise on the power supply leads.
For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance
(ESR) ceramic capacitor, typically 0.1 µF placed as close as possible to the device V
filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a larger aluminum electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater placed near
lead works best. For
DD
the audio power amplifier is recommended.
30
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
midrail bypass capacitor, C
B
The midrail bypass capacitor, C , serves several important functions. During startup or recovery from shutdown
B
mode, C determines the rate at which the amplifier starts up. The second function is to reduce noise produced
B
by the power supply caused by coupling into the output drive signal. This noise is from the midrail generation
circuit internal to the amplifier. The capacitor is fed from a 25-kΩ source inside the amplifier. To keep the start-up
pop as low as possible, the relationship shown in equation 11 should be maintained.
(11)
1
1
C
25 k
C R
I I
B
As an example, consider a circuit where C is 0.1 µF, C is 0.22 µF and R is 10 kΩ. Inserting these values into
B
I
I
the equation 10 we get 400 ≤ 454 which satisfies the rule. Bypass capacitor, C , values of 0.1 µF to 1 µF ceramic
B
or tantalum low-ESR capacitors are recommended for the best THD and noise performance.
output coupling capacitor, C
C
In the typical single-supply SE configuration, an output coupling capacitor (C ) is required to block the dc bias
C
at the output of the amplifier thus preventing dc currents in the load. As with the input coupling capacitor, the
output coupling capacitor and impedance of the load form a high-pass filter governed by equation 12.
–3 dB
1
2 R C
f
(12)
c(high)
L
C
f
c
Themaindisadvantage, fromaperformancestandpoint, istheloadimpedancesaretypicallysmall, whichdrives
the low-frequency corner higher degrading the bass response. Large values of C are required to pass low
C
frequencies into the load. Consider the example where a C of 330 µF is chosen and loads vary from 4 Ω, 8 Ω,
C
32 Ω, to 47 kΩ. Table 2 summarizes the frequency response characteristics of each configuration.
31
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
output coupling capacitor, C
C (continued)
Table 2. Common Load Impedances Vs Low Frequency Output Characteristics in SE Mode
R
C
LOWEST FREQUENCY
L
C
4 Ω
330 µF
330 µF
330 µF
330 µF
120 Hz
60 Hz
8 Ω
32 Ω
15 Hz
47,000 Ω
0.01 Hz
As Table 2 indicates, most of the bass response is attenuated into a 4-Ω load, an 8-Ω load is adequate,
headphone response is good, and drive into line level inputs (a home stereo for example) is exceptional.
The output coupling capacitor required in single-supply SE mode also places additional constraints on the
selection of other components in the amplifier circuit. The rules described earlier still hold with the addition of
the relationship shown in equation 13.
1
1
1
(13)
R C
C
25 kΩ
C R
I
L C
B
I
mode control resistor network, R , R , R
M1 M2 M3
Using a readily available 1/8-in. (3.5-mm) stereo headphone jack, the control switch is closed when no plug is
inserted. When closed, the 100-kΩ/1-kΩ divider (see Figure 64) pulls the MODE A input low. When a plug is
inserted, the 1-kΩ resistor is disconnected and the MODE A input is pulled high. When the input goes high, the
center BTL amplifier is shutdown causing the speaker to mute. The SE amplifiers then drive through the output
capacitors (C ) into the headphone jack.
O
Input MUX operation
The HP/LINE MUX feature gives the audio designer the flexibility of a multichip design in a single IC (see
Figure 64). The primary function of the MUX is to allow different gain settings for different types of audio loads.
Speakers typically require approximately a factor of 10 more gain for similar volume listening levels as
compared to headphones. To achieve headphone and speaker listening parity, the resistor values would need
to be set as follows:
R
F(HP)
Gain
(14)
(HP)
R
I(HP)
If, for example R
= 20 kΩ and R
= 20 kΩ then SE Gain
= –1
(HP)
I(HP)
F(HP)
R
F(LINE)
Gain
(15)
(LINE)
R
I(LINE)
If, for example R
= 10 kΩ and R
= 100 kΩ then Gain
= –10
(LINE)
I(LINE)
F(LINE)
32
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Input MUX operation (continued)
R
FRLINE
R
FRHP
C
IRLINE
R
IRLINE
21 RLINE IN
20 RHP IN
C
OUTR
Right Channel
MUX
–
ROUT 22
+
R
IRHP
C
IRHP
MID
V
DD
MODE A
14
11
CNTL
System
Control
16
HP/LINE
MODE B
V
DD
Left Channel
Figure 64. TPA0103 Example Input MUX Circuit
Another advantage of using the MUX feature is setting the gain of the headphone channel to –1. This provides
the optimum distortion performance into the headphones where clear sound is more important.
mute and shutdown modes
The TPA0103 employs both a mute and a shutdown mode of operation designed to reduce supply current, I
,
DD
to the absolute minimum level during periods of nonuse for battery-power conservation. The SHUTDOWN input
terminal should be held low during normal operation when the amplifier is in use. Pulling SHUTDOWN high
causes the outputs to mute and the amplifier to enter a low-current state, I = 5 µA. SHUTDOWN should never
DD
be left unconnected because amplifier operation would be unpredictable. Mute mode alone reduces I <1 mA.
DD
33
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
mute and shutdown modes (continued)
Table 3. Shutdown and Mute Mode Functions
†
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER STATE
INPUTS
MODE A
Low
X
MODE B
SHUTDOWN
Low
MUTE OUT
Low
INPUT
OUTPUT
3 Channel
Mute
HP/LINE
Low
X
Low
—
L/R Line
X
High
High
X
X
High
Low
Low
Low
High
X
Mute
Low
High
High
Low
Low
Low
L/R HP
L/R Line
3 Channel
Mute
Low
High
High
Low
Low
High
High
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
High
High
High
High
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
High
Low
Low
Low
Low
L/R HP
L/R Line
L/R HP
L/R Line
L/R HP
Mute
Center BTL
Center BTL
L/R SE
L/R SE
†
Inputs should never be left unconnected.
X = do not care
using low-ESR capacitors
Low-ESR capacitors are recommended throughout this applications section. A real (as opposed to ideal)
capacitor can be modeled simply as a resistor in series with an ideal capacitor. The voltage drop across this
resistor minimizes the beneficial effects of the capacitor in the circuit. The lower the equivalent value of this
resistance the more the real capacitor behaves like an ideal capacitor.
5-V versus 3.3-V operation
The TPA0103 operates over a supply range of 3 V to 5.5 V. This data sheet provides full specifications for 5-V
and 3.3-V operation, as these are considered to be the two most common standard voltages. There are no
special considerations for 3.3-V versus 5-V operation as far as supply bypassing, gain setting, or stability goes.
For 3.3-V operation, supply current is reduced from 19 mA (typical) to 13 mA (typical). The most important
consideration is that of output power. Each amplifier in TPA0103 can produce a maximum voltage swing of
V
– 1 V. This means, for 3.3-V operation, clipping starts to occur when V
= 2.3 V as opposed to V
DD
O(PP) O(PP)
= 4 V at 5 V. The reduced voltage swing subsequently reduces maximum output power into an 8-Ω load before
distortion becomes significant.
Operation from 3.3-V supplies, as can be shown from the efficiency formula in equation 4, consumes
approximately two-thirds the supply power for a given output-power level than operation from 5-V supplies.
When the application demands less than 500 mW, 3.3-V operation should be strongly considered, especially
in battery-powered applications.
34
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
headroom and thermal considerations
Linearpoweramplifiersdissipateasignificantamountofheatinthepackageundernormaloperatingconditions.
A typical music CD requires 12 dB to 15 dB of dynamic headroom to pass the loudest portions without distortion
as compared with the average power output. From the TPA0103 data sheet, one can see that when the
TPA0103 is operating from a 5-V supply into a 4-Ω speaker that 2 W RMS levels are available. Converting watts
to dB:
P
W
P
10Log
dB
P
ref
2
1
10Log
3 dB
Subtracting the headroom restriction to obtain the average listening level without distortion yields:
( )
12 dB 15 dB headroom
3 dB 15 dB
Converting dB back into watts:
PdB 10
P
P
10
P
W
ref
12 dB
63 mW (15 dB headroom)
W
This is valuable information to consider when attempting to estimate the heat dissipation requirements for the
amplifier system. Comparing the absolute worst case, which is 1.5 W of continuous power output with 0 dB of
headroom, against 12 dB and 15 dB applications drastically affects maximum ambient temperature ratings for
the system. Using the power dissipation curves for a 5-V, 4-Ω system, the internal dissipation in the TPA0103
and maximum ambient temperatures is shown in Table 4.
Table 4. TPA0103 Power Rating, 5-V, 4-Ω, Three Channel
‡
POWER DISSIPATION
T (MAX)
A
†
CONFIGURATION
HEADROOM
2 × L/R + CENTER = TOTAL
35°C/W
81°C
25°C/W
93°C
0 dB
15 dB
0 dB
0
1.25 W
1.25 W
0.6 W
1.2 W
0.4 W
Center only, P = 2 W max
O
0
0.6 W
104°C
83°C
110°C
95°C
0.6 W
0.2 W
0
0
L/R only, P = 500 mW max
O
15 dB
111°C
115°C
Center, P = 2 W max
O
0 dB
0.6 W
0.2 W
1.25 W
0.6 W
2.45 W
1 W
39°C
90°C
63°C
and
15 dB
100°C
L/R , P = 500 mW max
O
†
‡
The 2 W max at 0 dB is a maximum level tone that is very loud. 15 dB is a typical headroom requirement for music.
This parameter is based on a maximum junction temperature (T ) of 125°C.
J
35
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPA0103
1.75-W 3-CHANNEL STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
SLOS167A – JULY 1997 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
headroom and thermal considerations (continued)
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
PACKAGE
T
A
≤ 25°C
DERATING FACTOR
T
A
= 70°C
T = 85°C
A
†
2.7 W
2.8 W
21.8 mW/°C
1.7 W
1.8 W
1.4 W
PWP
‡
22.1 mW/°C
1.4 W
PWP
†
‡
2
This parameter is measured with the recommended copper heat sink pattern on a 1-layer PCB, 4 in 5-in × 5-in PCB, 1 oz.
copper, 2-in × 2-in coverage.
2
This parameter is measured with the recommended copper heat sink pattern on an 8-layer PCB, 6.9 in 1.5-in × 2-in PCB,
1 oz. copper with layers 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 at 5% coverage (0.9 in ) and layers 3 and 6 at 100% coverage (6 in ).
2
2
The maximum ambient temperature depends on the heatsinking ability of the PCB system. Using the 0 LFM
2
and 300 LFM data from the dissipation rating table, the derating factor for the PWP package with 6.9 in of
copper area on a multilayer PCB is 22.1 mW/°C and 53.7 mW/°C respectively. Converting this to Θ
:
JA
1
Θ
JA
Derating
For 0 LFM :
1
22.1 mW °C
45°C W
For 300 LFM :
1
53.7 mW °C
18°C W
To calculate maximum ambient temperatures, first consider that the numbers from the dissipation graphs are
perchannelsothedissipatedheatneedstobedoubledforthetwoSEchannelsandaddedtothecenterchannel
dissipation. Given Θ , the maximum allowable junction temperature, and the total internal dissipation, the
JA
maximum ambient temperature can be calculated with the following equation. The maximum recommended
junction temperature for the TPA0103 is 150°C. The internal dissipation figures are taken from the Power
Dissipation vs Output Power graphs.
T
Max
T Max
Θ
P
A
J
JA
D
(
)
)
(
)
125 45 0.2
2
0.6
80°C 15 dB headroom, 0 LFM
(
(
)
125 18 0.2
2
0.6
107°C 15 dB headroom, 300 LFM
NOTE:
Internal dissipation of 1 W is estimated for a 3-channel system with 15 dB headroom per channel
(see Table 4 for more information).
Table 4 shows that for most applications no airflow is required to keep junction temperatures in the specified
range. The TPA0103 is designed with thermal protection that turns the device off when the junction temperature
surpasses 150°C to prevent damage to the IC. However, sustained operation above 125°C is not
recommended. Table 4 was calculated for maximum listening volume without distortion. When the output level
is reduced the numbers in the table change significantly. Also, using 8-Ω speakers dramatically increases the
thermal performance by increasing amplifier efficiency.
36
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status Package Type Package Pins Package
Eco Plan
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
Samples
Drawing
Qty
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
TPA0103PWP
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
HTSSOP
HTSSOP
PWP
PWP
24
24
60
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
TPA0103
TPA0103
TPA0103PWPR
2000 RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead finish/Ball material - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two
lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
26-Feb-2019
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
B0
K0
P1
W
Pin1
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant
(mm) W1 (mm)
TPA0103PWPR
HTSSOP PWP
24
2000
330.0
16.4
6.95
8.3
1.6
8.0
16.0
Q1
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
26-Feb-2019
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type Package Drawing Pins
HTSSOP PWP 24
SPQ
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
350.0 350.0 43.0
TPA0103PWPR
2000
Pack Materials-Page 2
GENERIC PACKAGE VIEW
PWP 24
4.4 x 7.6, 0.65 mm pitch
PowerPADTM TSSOP - 1.2 mm max height
PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE
This image is a representation of the package family, actual package may vary.
Refer to the product data sheet for package details.
4224742/B
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