TPS2550DBV [TI]

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES; 可调电流限制的配电开关
TPS2550DBV
型号: TPS2550DBV
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES
可调电流限制的配电开关

电源电路 开关 电源管理电路 光电二极管
文件: 总28页 (文件大小:1948K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES  
1
FEATURES  
DESCRIPTION  
Adjustable Current-Limit, 100 mA–1100 mA  
Fast Overcurrent Response - 2 µS Typical  
85-mHigh-Side MOSFET (DBV Package)  
Reverse Input-Output Voltage Protection  
Operating Range: 2.5 V to 6.5 V  
The TPS2550/51 power-distribution switch is  
intended for applications where heavy capacitive  
loads and short-circuits are likely to be encountered,  
incorporating a 100-m, N-channel MOSFET in a  
single package. The current-limit threshold is user  
adjustable between 100 mA and 1.1 A via an external  
resistor. The power-switch rise and fall times are  
controlled to minimize current surges during  
switching.  
Deglitched Fault Report  
1-µA Maximum Standby Supply Current  
Ambient Temperature Range: –40°C to 85°C  
Built-in Soft-Start  
The device limits the output current to a desired level  
by switching into a constant-current mode when the  
output load exceeds the current-limit threshold or a  
short is present. An internal reverse-voltage detection  
comparator disables the power-switch in the event  
that the output voltage is driven higher than the input  
to protect devices on the input side of the switch. The  
FAULT logic output asserts low during both  
overcurrent and reverse-voltage conditions.  
15 kV ESD Protection (with external  
capacitance)  
APPLICATIONS  
USB Ports/Hubs  
Cell phones  
Laptops  
Heavy Capacitive Loads  
Reverse-Voltage Protection  
TPS2550/51  
USB Data  
0.1 mF  
5 V USB  
INPUT  
USB  
Port  
IN  
OUT  
TPS2550/TPS2551  
DRV PACKAGE  
(TOP VIEW)  
TPS2550/TPS2551  
DBV PACKAGE  
(TOP VIEW)  
RFAULT  
100 kW  
120 mF *  
1
2
3
6
5
4
IN  
OUT  
ILIM  
IN  
OUT  
1
2
3
6
5
4
ILIM  
GND  
EN  
GND  
EN  
FAULT  
EN  
ILIM  
FAULT Signal  
FAULT  
FAULT  
RILIM  
15 kW  
EN = Active Low for the TPS2550  
EN = Active High for the TPS2551  
Control Signal  
GND  
Power Pad  
* USB Requirement that downstream-facing ports  
are bypassed with at least 120 mF per hub  
Figure 1. Typical Application as USB Power Switch  
GENERAL SWITCH CATALOG  
33 mW, Single  
80 mW, Single  
80 mW, Triple  
80 mW, Dual  
80 mW, Dual  
80 mW, Quad  
80 mW, Quad  
TPS201xA 0.2 A to 2 A  
0.2 A to 2 A  
0.2 A to 2 A  
TPS2014  
TPS2015  
TPS2041B 500 mA  
TPS2051B 500 mA  
TPS2045A 250 mA  
TPS2049 100 mA  
TPS2055A 250 mA  
TPS2061  
TPS2065  
TPS2068  
TPS2069  
600 mA  
1 A  
TPS202x  
TPS203x  
TPS2042B 500 mA  
TPS2052B 500 mA  
TPS2046B 250 mA  
TPS2080 500 mA  
TPS2081 500 mA  
TPS2082 500 mA  
TPS2090 250 mA  
TPS2091 250 mA  
TPS2092 250 mA  
TPS2043B 500 mA  
TPS2053B 500 mA  
TPS2047B 250 mA  
TPS2057A 250 mA  
TPS2056  
TPS2062  
TPS2066  
TPS2060  
TPS2064  
250 mA  
1 A  
1 A  
1.5 A  
1.5 A  
TPS2044B 500 mA  
TPS2054B 500 mA  
TPS2048A 250 mA  
TPS2085 500 mA  
TPS2086 500 mA  
TPS2087 500 mA  
TPS2095 250 mA  
TPS2096 250 mA  
TPS2097 250 mA  
1 A  
1 A  
1.5 A  
1.5 A  
TPS2063  
TPS2067  
1 A  
1 A  
TPS2058  
250 mA  
1
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of  
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.  
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.  
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas  
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not  
necessarily include testing of all parameters.  
Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
This device contains circuits to protect its inputs and outputs against damage due to high static voltages or electrostatic fields.  
These circuits have been qualified to protect this device against electrostatic discharges (ESD) of up to 2 kV according to  
MIL-STD-883C, Method 3015; however, it is advised that precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than  
maximum-rated voltages to these high-impedance circuits. During storage or handling the device leads should be shorted together  
or the device should be placed in conductive foam. In a circuit, unused inputs should always be connected to an appropriate logic  
voltage level, preferably either VCC or ground. Specific guidelines for handling devices of this type are contained in the publication  
Guidelines for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive (ESDS) Devices and Assemblies available from Texas Instruments.  
AVAILABLE OPTIONS AND ORDERING INFORMATION  
(1)  
DEVICE  
AMBIENT  
TEMPERATURE  
ENABLE  
SON  
SOT23(1)  
(DBV)  
RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM  
CONTINUOUS LOAD CURRENT  
(DRV)  
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
Active low  
Active high  
TPS2550DRV  
TPS2551DRV  
TPS2550DBV  
TPS2551DBV  
1.1 A  
1.1 A  
–40°C to 85°C  
(1) Add an R suffix to the device type for tape and reel.  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS  
over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted(1)  
(2)  
VALUE  
–0.3 to 7  
UNIT  
V
Voltage range on IN, OUT, EN or EN, ILIM, FAULT  
Voltage range from IN to OUT  
–7 to 7  
V
IOUT Continuous output current  
Internally limited  
See "Dissipation Rating  
Table"  
Continuous total power dissipation  
FAULT sink current  
ILIM source current  
25  
mA  
mA  
kV  
V
1
2
HBM  
ESD  
CDM  
500  
TJ  
TSgt Storage temperature  
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16-inch) from case for 10 seconds  
Maximum junction temperature  
–40 to 150  
–65 to 150  
300  
°C  
°C  
°C  
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings  
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating  
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
(2) Voltages are referenced to GND unless otherwise noted.  
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE  
BOARD PACKAGE  
THERMAL  
RESISTANCE  
θJA  
THERMAL  
RESISTANCE  
θJC  
T
A 25°C  
DERATING  
FACTOR ABOVE  
TA = 25°C  
TA = 70°C  
POWER  
RATING  
TA = 85°C  
POWER  
RATING  
POWER  
RATING  
Low-K(1)  
High-K(2)  
Low-K(1)  
High-K(2)  
DBV  
DBV  
DRV  
DRV  
350°C/W  
160°C/W  
140°C/W  
75°C/W  
55°C/W  
55°C/W  
20°C/W  
20°C/W  
285 mW  
625 mW  
715 mW  
1330 mW  
2.85 mW/°C  
6.25 mW/°C  
7.1 mW/°C  
13.3 mW/°C  
155 mW  
340 mW  
395 mW  
730 mW  
114 mW  
250 mW  
285 mW  
530 mW  
(1) The JEDEC low-K (1s) board used to derive this data was a 3in × 3in, two-layer board with 2-ounce copper traces on top of the board.  
(2) The JEDEC high-K (2s2p) board used to derive this data was a 3in × 3in, multilayer board with 1-ounce internal power and ground  
planes and 2-ounce copper traces on top and bottom of the board.  
2
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Product Folder Link(s): TPS2550 TPS2551  
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS  
MIN  
2.5  
0
MAX  
6.5  
UNIT  
VIN  
Input voltage, IN  
V
VEN  
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
6.5  
Enable voltage  
V
V/EN  
IOUT  
RILIM  
I/FAULT  
0
6.5  
Continuous output current, OUT  
0
1.1  
A
Current-limit set resistor from ILIM to GND  
FAULT sink current  
14.3  
0
80.6  
10  
k  
mA  
DRV  
DBV  
–40  
–40  
105  
125  
Operating virtual junction  
temperature  
TJ  
°C  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
over recommended operating junction temperature range, 2.5 V VIN 6.5 V, RILIM = 14.3 k, V/EN = 0 V, or VEN = 5.0 V  
(unless otherwise noted)  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS(1)  
MIN  
TYP  
85  
MAX  
UNIT  
POWER SWITCH  
DBV package, TJ = 25 °C  
95  
135  
115  
145  
1.5  
DBV package, –40 °C TJ 125 °C  
DRV package, TJ = 25 °C  
DRV package, –40 °C TJ 105 °C  
VIN = 6.5 V  
rDS(on)  
Static drain-source on-state resistance  
mΩ  
100  
1.0  
tr  
tf  
Rise time, output  
Fall time, output  
VIN = 2.5 V  
VIN = 6.5 V  
VIN = 2.5 V  
0.65  
1.0  
CL = 1 µF, RL = 100 ,  
(see Figure 2)  
ms  
0.2  
0.2  
0.5  
0.5  
ENABLE INPUT EN OR EN  
VIH  
VIL  
IEN  
ton  
High-level input voltage  
1.1  
V
Low-level input voltage  
Input current  
0.66  
0.5  
3
VEN = 0 V or 6.5 V, V/EN = 0 V or 6.5 V  
–0.5  
µA  
ms  
ms  
Turnon time  
CL = 1 µF, RL = 100 , (see Figure 2)  
toff  
Turnoff time  
3
CURRENT LIMIT  
RILIM = 80.6 kΩ  
RILIM = 38.3 kΩ  
RILIM = 15 kΩ  
RILIM = 80.6 kΩ  
RILIM = 38.3 kΩ  
RILIM = 15 kΩ  
110  
300  
215  
500  
300  
650  
IOS  
Short-circuit current, OUT connected to GND  
1050 1400  
1650  
340  
mA  
290  
620  
315  
665  
IOC  
Current-limit threshold (Maximum DC output current IOUT delivered to load)  
705  
1550 1650  
2
1750  
tIOS  
Response time to short circuit  
VIN = 5.0 V (see Figure 3)  
µs  
REVERSE-VOLTAGE PROTECTION  
Reverse-voltage comparator trip point  
(VOUT – VIN  
95  
3
135  
5
190  
7
mV  
ms  
)
Time from reverse-voltage condition to  
MOSFET turn off  
VIN = 5.0 V  
SUPPLY CURRENT  
VIN = 6.5 V, No load on OUT, VEN = 6.5 V or VEN = 0 V, 14.3 kΩ  
RILIM 80.6 kΩ  
IIN_off  
Supply current, low-level output  
0.1  
1
µA  
RILIM = 15 kΩ  
150  
130  
1
µA  
µA  
µA  
VIN = 6.5 V, No load on OUT, VEN = 0 V or  
VEN = 6.5 V  
IIN_on  
IREV  
Supply current, high-level output  
Reverse leakage current  
RILIM = 80.6 kΩ  
VOUT = 6.5 V, VIN = 0 V  
TJ = 25 °C  
0.01  
(1) Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account  
separately.  
Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
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TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
over recommended operating junction temperature range, 2.5 V VIN 6.5 V, RILIM = 14.3 k, V/EN = 0 V, or VEN = 5.0 V  
(unless otherwise noted)  
PARAMETER  
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT  
TEST CONDITIONS(1)  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
VUVLO  
Low-level input voltage, IN  
Hysteresis, IN  
VIN rising  
2.35  
25  
2.45  
V
TJ = 25 °C  
mV  
FAULT FLAG  
VOL Output low voltage, FAULT  
I/FAULT = 1 mA  
V/FAULT = 6.5 V  
180  
1
mV  
µA  
ms  
Off-state leakage  
FAULT assertion or de-assertion due to overcurrent condition  
5
2
7.5  
4
10  
FAULT deglitch  
FAULT assertion or de-assertion due to reverse-voltage  
condition  
6
ms  
THERMAL SHUTDOWN  
Thermal shutdown threshold  
155  
135  
°C  
°C  
°C  
Thermal shutdown threshold in current-limit  
Hysteresis  
15  
4
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Product Folder Link(s): TPS2550 TPS2551  
TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
DEVICE INFORMATION  
Terminal Functions  
I/O  
TERMINAL  
DESCRIPTION  
NAME  
TPS2550DBV TPS2551DBV TPS2550DRV TPS2551DRV  
EN  
EN  
3
2
3
2
4
5
4
5
I
I
Enable input, logic low turns on power switch  
Enable input, logic high turns on power switch  
GND  
Ground connection; should be connected  
externally to POWER PAD  
IN  
1
4
1
4
6
3
6
3
I
Input voltage; connect a 0.1 µF or greater  
ceramic capacitor from IN to GND as close to the  
IC as possible.  
FAULT  
O
Active-low open-drain output, asserted during  
overcurrent, overtemperature, or reverse-voltage  
conditions.  
OUT  
ILIM  
6
5
6
5
1
2
1
2
O
I
Power-switch output  
External resistor used to set current-limit  
threshold; recommended 14.3 kΩ ≤ RILIM 80.6  
k.  
POWER  
PAD  
PAD  
PAD  
Internally connected to GND; used to heat-sink  
the part to the circuit board traces. Should be  
connected to GND pin.  
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM  
-
Reverse  
Voltage  
Comparator  
+
IN  
CS  
OUT  
Current  
Sense  
Charge  
Pump  
Current  
Limit  
Driver  
EN  
FAULT  
UVLO  
GND  
ILIM  
Thermal  
Sense  
8-ms Deglitch  
Copyright © 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
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TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION  
OUT  
t
f
t
r
R
L
C
L
90%  
10%  
90%  
10%  
V
OUT  
TEST CIRCUIT  
V
EN  
50%  
90%  
50%  
50%  
50%  
V
EN  
t
off  
t
off  
t
on  
t
on  
90%  
V
V
OUT  
OUT  
10%  
10%  
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS  
Figure 2. Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms  
I
OS  
I
OUT  
t
IOS  
Figure 3. Response Time to Short-Circuit Waveform  
DECREASING  
LOAD  
RESISTANCE  
VOUT  
DECREASING  
LOAD  
RESISTANCE  
IOUT  
IOS  
IOC  
Figure 4. Output Voltage vs. Current-Limit Threshold  
6
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TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
Figure 5. Turnon Delay and Rise Time  
Figure 6. Turnoff Delay and Fall Time  
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TPS2550  
TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
Figure 7. Device Enabled into Short-Circuit  
Figure 8. Full-Load to Short-Circuit Transient Response  
8
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TPS2551  
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SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
Figure 9. Short-Circuit to Full-Load Recovery Response  
Figure 10. No-Load to Short-Circuit Transient Response  
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TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
Figure 11. Short-Circuit to No-Load Recovery Response  
Figure 12. No Load to 1Transient Response  
10  
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TPS2551  
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SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
Figure 13. 1to No Load Transient Response  
Figure 14. Reverse-Voltage Protection Response  
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TPS2551  
www.ti.com  
SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
Figure 15. Reverse-Voltage Protection Recovery  
2.40  
2.39  
2.38  
2.37  
2.36  
UVLO Rising  
2.35  
2.34  
UVLO Falling  
2.33  
2.32  
2.31  
2.30  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
T
- Junction Temperature - °C  
J
Figure 16. UVLO – Undervoltage Lockout – V  
12  
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SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
0.50  
0.45  
V
= 6.5 V  
IN  
V
= 5 V  
0.40  
0.35  
0.30  
IN  
V
= 3.3 V  
IN  
0.25  
0.20  
0.15  
0.10  
V
= 2.5 V  
IN  
0.05  
0
-50  
0
50  
- Junction Temperature - °C  
100  
150  
T
J
Figure 17. IIN – Supply Current, Output Disabled – µA  
150  
135  
120  
R
= 20 kW  
ILIM  
V
= 6.5 V  
IN  
V
= 5 V  
IN  
105  
90  
V
V
= 3.3 V  
= 2.5 V  
IN  
75  
IN  
60  
45  
30  
15  
0
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
T
- Junction Temperature - °C  
J
Figure 18. IIN – Supply Current, Output Enabled – µA  
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SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)  
20  
18  
V
T
= 5 V,  
IN  
= 25°C  
A
16  
14  
12  
10  
8
6
4
2
0
0
1.5  
3
4.5  
6
Peak Current - A  
Figure 19. Current Limit Response – µs  
150  
125  
100  
75  
DRV Package  
DBV Package  
50  
25  
0
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
T
- Junction Temperature - °C  
J
Figure 20. MOSFET rDS(on) Vs. Junction Temperature  
14  
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SLVS736FEBRUARY 2008  
DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
OVERVIEW  
The TPS2550/51 are current-limited, power distribution switches using N-channel MOSFETs for applications  
where short-circuits or heavy capacitive loads will be encountered. These devices allow the user to program the  
current-limit threshold between 100 mA and 1.1 A via an external resistor. Additional device shutdown features  
include overtemperature protection and reverse-voltage protection. The device incorporates an internal charge  
pump and gate drive circuitry necessary to drive the N-channel MOSFET. The charge pump supplies power to  
the driver circuit and provides the necessary voltage to pull the gate of the MOSFET above the source. The  
charge pump operates from input voltages as low as 2.5 V and requires little supply current. The driver controls  
the gate voltage of the power switch. The driver incorporates circuitry that controls the rise and fall times of the  
output voltage to limit large current and voltage surges and provide built-in soft-start functionality.  
OVERCURRENT  
The TPS2550/51 responds to an overcurrent condition by limiting its output current to the IOC and IOS levels  
shown in Figure 21. Three response profiles are possible depending on the loading conditions and are  
summarized in Figure 4.  
One response profile occurs if the TPS2550/51 is enabled into a short-circuit. The output voltage is held near  
zero potential with respect to ground and the TPS2550/51 ramps the output current to IOS (see Figure 7).  
A second response profile occurs if a short is applied to the output after the TPS2550/51 is enabled. The device  
responds to the overcurrent condition within time tIOS (see Figure 3). The current-sense amplifier is over-driven  
during this time and momentarily disables the internal current-limit MOSFET. The current-sense amplifier  
gradually recovers and limits the output current to IOS  
.
A third response profile occurs if the load current gradually increases. The device first limits the load current to  
IOC. If the load demands a current greater than IOC, the TPS2550/51 folds back the current to IOS and the output  
voltage decreases to IOS x RLOAD for a resistive load, which is shown in Figure 4.  
The TPS2550/51 thermal cycles if an overload condition is present long enough to activate thermal limiting in any  
of the above cases. The device turns off when the junction temperature exceeds 135°C (typ). The device  
remains off until the junction temperature cools 15°C (typ) and then restarts. The TPS2550/51 cycles on/off until  
the overload is removed (see Figure 9 and Figure 11) .  
REVERSE-VOLTAGE PROTECTION  
The reverse-voltage protection feature turns off the N-channel MOSFET whenever the output voltage exceeds  
the input voltage by 135 mV (typical) for 4-ms. This prevents damage to devices on the input side of the  
TPS2550/51 by preventing significant current from sinking into the input capacitance. The N-channel MOSFET is  
allowed to turn-on once the output voltage goes below the input voltage for the same 4-ms deglitch time. The  
reverse-voltage comparator also asserts the FAULT output (active-low) after 4-ms.  
FAULT RESPONSE  
The FAULT open-drain output is asserted (active low) during an overcurrent, overtemperature or reverse-voltage  
condition. The output remains asserted until the fault condition is removed. The TPS2550/51 is designed to  
eliminate false FAULT reporting by using an internal delay "deglitch" circuit for overcurrent (7.5-ms) and  
reverse-voltage (4-ms) conditions without the need for external circuitry. This ensures that FAULT is not  
accidentally asserted due to normal operation such as starting into a heavy capacitive load. The deglitch circuitry  
delays entering and leaving fault conditions. Overtemperature conditions are not deglitched and assert the  
FAULT signal immediately.  
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)  
The undervoltage lockout (UVLO) circuit disables the power switch until the input voltage reaches the UVLO  
turn-on threshold. Built-in hysteresis prevents unwanted on/off cycling due to input voltage drop from large  
current surges.  
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ENABLE (EN OR EN)  
The logic enable controls the power switch, bias for the charge pump, driver, and other circuits to reduce the  
supply current. The supply current is reduced to less than 1-µA when a logic high is present on EN or when a  
logic low is present on EN. A logic low input on EN or a logic high input on EN enables the driver, control circuits,  
and power switch. The enable input is compatible with both TTL and CMOS logic levels.  
THERMAL SENSE  
The TPS2550/51 protects itself with two independent thermal sensing circuits that monitor the operating  
temperature of the power-switch and disables operation if the temperature exceeds recommended operating  
conditions. The device operates in constant-current mode during an overcurrent conditions, which increases the  
voltage drop across power-switch. The power dissipation in the package is proportional to the voltage drop  
across the power-switch, so the junction temperature rises during an overcurrent condition. The first thermal  
sensor turns off the power-switch when the die temperature exceeds 135°C and the part is in current limit. The  
second thermal sensor turns off the power-switch when the die temperature exceeds 155°C regardless of  
whether the power-switch is in current limit. Hysteresis is built into both thermal sensors, and the switch turns on  
after the device has cooled approximately 15 °C. The switch continues to cycle off and on until the fault is  
removed. The open-drain false reporting output FAULT is asserted (active low) immediately during an  
overtemperature shutdown condition.  
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APPLICATION INFORMATION  
INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPACITANCE  
Input and output capacitance improve the performance of the device; the actual capacitance should be optimized  
for the particular application. For all applications, a 0.01 µF to 0.1µF ceramic bypass capacitor between IN and  
GND is recommended as close to the device as possible for local noise de-coupling. This precaution reduces  
ringing on the input due to power-supply transients. Additional input capacitance may be needed on the input to  
reduce voltage overshoot from exceeding the absolute maximum voltage of the device during heavy transients.  
This is especially important during bench testing when long, inductive cables are used to connect the evaluation  
board to the bench power-supply.  
Placing a high-value electrolytic capacitor on the output pin is recommended when the large transient currents  
are expected on the output. Additionally, bypassing the output with a 0.01 µF to 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor  
improves the immunity of the device to short-circuit transients.  
PROGRAMMING THE CURRENT-LIMIT THRESHOLD  
The overcurrent threshold is user programmable via an external resistor. Many applications require that the  
minimum current-limit is above a certain current level or that the maximum current-limit is below a certain current  
level, so it is important to consider the tolerance of the overcurrent threshold when selecting a value for RILIM  
.
The following equations and Figure 21 can be used to calculate the resulting overcurrent threshold for a given  
external resistor value (RILIM). Figure 21 includes current-limit tolerance due to variations caused by temperature  
and process. The traces routing the RILIM resistor to the TPS2550/51should be as short as possible to reduce  
parasitic effects on the current-limit accuracy.  
There are two important current-limit thresholds for the device and are related by Figure 4. The first threshold is  
the short-circuit current threshold IOS. IOS is the current delivered to the load if the part is enabled into a  
short-circuit or a short-circuit is applied during normal operation. The second threshold is the overcurrent  
threshold IOC. IOC is the peak DC current that can be delivered to the load before the device begins to limit  
current. IOC is important if ramped loads or slow transients are common to the application. It is important to  
consider both IOS and IOC when choosing RILIM. RILIM can be selected to provide a current-limit threshold that  
occurs 1) above a minimum load current or 2) below a maximum load current.  
To design above a minimum current-limit threshold, find the intersection of RILIM and the maximum desired load  
current on the IOS(min) curve and choose a value of RILIM below this value. Programming the current-limit above a  
minimum threshold is important to ensure start-up into full-load or heavy capacative loads. The resulting  
maximum DC load current is the intersection of the selected value of RILIM and the IOC(max) curve.  
To design below a maximum DC current level, find the intersection of RILIM and the maximum desired load  
current on the IOC(max) curve and choose a value of RILIM above this value. Programming the current-limit below a  
maximum threshold is important to avoid current-limiting upstream power supplies causing the input voltage bus  
to droop. The resulting minimum short-circuit current is the intersection of the selected value of RILIM and the  
IOS(min) curve.  
Overcurrent Threshold Equations (IOC):  
IOC(max) (mA) = (24500 V) / (RILIM k) 0.975  
IOC(typ) (mA) = (23800 V) / (RILIM k) 0.985  
IOC(min) (mA) = (23100 V) / (RILIM k) 0.996  
Short-Circuit Current Equations (IOS):  
IOS(max) (mA) = (25500 V) / (RILIM k) 1.013  
IOS(typ) (mA) = (28700 V) / (RILIM k) 1.114  
IOS(min) (mA) = (39700 V) / (RILIM k) 1.342  
where 14.3 kΩ ≤ RILIM 80.6 k. IOS(typ) and IOS(max) are not plotted to improve graph clarity.  
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1800  
1700  
1600  
1500  
1400  
I
OC(max)  
1300  
1200  
1100  
1000  
I
OC(typ)  
I
900  
800  
700  
OC(min)  
600  
500  
400  
300  
200  
I
OS(min)  
100  
0
15  
20  
25  
30  
35  
40  
45  
50  
- kW  
55  
60  
65  
70  
75  
80  
R
ILIM  
Figure 21. Current-Limit Threshold Vs.RILIM  
APPLICATION 1: DESIGNING ABOVE A MINIMUM CURRENT-LIMIT  
Some applications require that current-limiting cannot occur below a certain threshold. For this example, assume  
that 1 A must be delivered to the load so that the minimum desired current-limit threshold is 1000 mA. Use the  
IOS equations and Figure 21 to select RILIM  
.
IOS(min) (mA) = 1000 mA  
IOS(min) (mA) = (39700 V) / (RILIM (k)) 1.342  
RILIM (k) = [(39700 V) / (IOS(min) (mA))] 1/1.342  
RILIM = 15.54 kΩ  
Select the closest 1% resistor less than the calculated value: RILIM = 15.4 k. This sets the minimum current-limit  
threshold at 1 A . Use the IOC equations, Figure 21, and the previously calculated value for RILIM to calculate the  
maximum resulting current-limit threshold.  
RILIM = 15.4 kΩ  
IOC(max) (mA) = (24500 V) / (RILIM (k)) 0.975  
IOC(max) (mA) = (24500 V) / (15 (k)) 0.975  
IOC(max) = 1703 mA  
The resulting maximum current-limit theshold is 1.7 A with a 15.4 kresistor.  
APPLICATION 2: DESIGNING BELOW A MAXIMUM CURRENT-LIMIT  
Some applications require that current-limiting must occur below a certain threshold. For this example, assume  
that the desired upper current-limit threshold must be below 1.25 A to protect an up-stream power supply. Use  
the IOC equations and Figure 21 to select RILIM  
.
IOC(max) (mA) = 1250 mA  
IOC(max) (mA) = (24500 V) / (RILIM (k)) 0.975  
RILIM (k) = [(24500 V) / (IOC(max) (mA))] 1/0.975  
RILIM = 21.15 kΩ  
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Select the closest 1% resistor greater than the calculated value: RILIM = 21.5 k. This sets the maximum  
current-limit threshold at 1.25 A . Use the IOS equations, Figure 21, and the previously calculated value for RILIM  
to calculate the minimum resulting current-limit threshold.  
RILIM = 21.5 kΩ  
IOS(min) (mA) = (39700 V) / (RILIM (k)) 1.342  
IOS(min) (mA) = (39700 V) / (21.5 (k)) 1.342  
IOS(min) = 647 mA  
The resulting minimum current-limit threshold is 647 mA with a 21.5 kresistor.  
POWER DISSIPATION AND JUNCTION TEMPERATURE  
The low on-resistance of the N-channel MOSFET allows small surface-mount packages to pass large currents. It  
is good design practice to estimate power dissipation and junction temperature. The below analysis gives an  
approximation for calculating junction temperature based on the power dissipation in the package. However, it is  
important to note that thermal analysis is strongly dependent on additional system level factors. Such factors  
include air flow, board layout, copper thickness and surface area, and proximity to other devices dissipating  
power. Good thermal design practice must include all system level factors in addition to individual component  
analysis.  
Begin by determining the rDS(on) of the N-channel MOSFET relative to the input voltage and operating  
temperature. As an initial estimate, use the highest operating ambient temperature of interest and read rDS(on)  
from the typical characteristics graph. Using this value, the power dissipation can be calculated by:  
2
PD = rDS(on) × IOUT  
Where:  
PD = Total power dissipation (W)  
rDS(on) = Power switch on-resistance ()  
IOUT = Maximum current-limit threshold (A)  
This step calculates the total power dissipation of the N-channel MOSFET.  
Finally, calculate the junction temperature:  
TJ = PD × RΘJA + TA  
Where:  
TA = Ambient temperature (°C)  
RΘJA = Thermal resistance (°C/W)  
PD = Total power dissipation (W)  
Compare the calculated junction temperature with the initial estimate. If they are not within a few degrees, repeat  
the calculation using the "refined" rDS(on) from the previous calculation as the new estimate. Two or three  
iterations are generally sufficient to achieve the desired result. The final junction temperature is highly dependent  
on thermal resistance RθJA, and thermal resistance is highly dependent on the individual package and board  
layout. The "Dissipating Rating Table" at the begginng of this document provides example thermal resistances for  
specific packages and board layouts.  
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS (USB) POWER-DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS  
One application for this device is for current-limiting in universal serial bus (USB) applications. The original USB  
interface was a 12-Mb/s or 1.5-Mb/s, multiplexed serial bus designed for low-to-medium bandwidth PC  
peripherals (e.g., keyboards, printers, scanners, and mice). As the demand for more bandwidth increased, the  
USB 2.0 standard was introduced increasing the maximum data rate to 480-Mb/s. The four-wire USB interface is  
conceived for dynamic attach-detach (hot plug-unplug) of peripherals. Two lines are provided for differential data,  
and two lines are provided for 5-V power distribution.  
USB data is a 3.3-V level signal, but power is distributed at 5 V to allow for voltage drops in cases where power  
is distributed through more than one hub across long cables. Each function must provide its own regulated 3.3 V  
from the 5-V input or its own internal power supply. The USB specification classifies two different classes of  
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devices depending on its maximum current draw. A device classified as low-power can draw up to 100 mA as  
defined by the standard. A device classified as high-power can draw up to 500 mA. It is important that the  
minimum current-limit threshold of the current-limiting power-switch exceed the maximum current-limit draw of  
the intended application. The latest USB standard should always be referenced when considering the  
current-limit threshold  
The USB specification defines two types of devices as hubs and functions. A USB hub is a device that contains  
multiple ports for different USB devices to connect and can be self-powered (SPH) or bus-powered (BPH). A  
function is a USB device that is able to transmit or receive data or control information over the bus. A USB  
function can be embedded in a USB hub. A USB function can be one of three types included in the list below.  
Low-power, bus-powered function  
High-power, bus-powered function  
Self-powered function  
SPHs and BPHs distribute data and power to downstream functions. The TPS2550/51 has higher current  
capability than required for a single USB port allowing it to power multiple downstream ports.  
SELF-POWERED AND BUS-POWERED HUBS  
A SPH has a local power supply that powers embedded functions and downstream ports. This power supply  
must provide between 4.75 V to 5.25 V to downstream facing devices under full-load and no-load conditions.  
SPHs are required to have current-limit protection and must report overcurrent conditions to the USB controller.  
Typical SPHs are desktop PCs, monitors, printers, and stand-alone hubs.  
A BPH obtains all power from an upstream port and often contains an embedded function. It must power up with  
less than 100 mA. The BPH usually has one embedded function, and power is always available to the controller  
of the hub. If the embedded function and hub require more than 100 mA on power up, the power to the  
embedded function may need to be kept off until enumeration is completed. This is accomplished by removing  
power or by shutting off the clock to the embedded function. Power switching the embedded function is not  
necessary if the aggregate power draw for the function and controller is less than 100 mA. The total current  
drawn by the bus-powered device is the sum of the current to the controller, the embedded function, and the  
downstream ports, and it is limited to 500 mA from an upstream port.  
LOW-POWER BUS-POWERED AND HIGH-POWER BUS-POWERED FUNCTIONS  
Both low-power and high-power bus-powered functions obtain all power from upstream ports. Low-power  
functions always draw less than 100 mA; high-power functions must draw less than 100 mA at power up and can  
draw up to 500 mA after enumeration. If the load of the function is more than the parallel combination of 44 Ω  
and 10 µF at power up, the device must implement inrush current limiting.  
USB POWER-DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS  
USB can be implemented in several ways regardless of the type of USB device being developed. Several  
power-distribution features must be implemented.  
SPHs must:  
Current-limit downstream ports  
Report overcurrent conditions  
BPHs must:  
Enable/disable power to downstream ports  
Power up at <100 mA  
Limit inrush current (<44 and 10 µF)  
Functions must:  
Limit inrush currents  
Power up at <100 mA  
The feature set of the TPS2550/51 meets each of these requirements. The integrated current-limiting and  
overcurrent reporting is required by self-powered hubs. The logic-level enable and controlled rise times meet the  
need of both input and output ports on bus-powered hubs and the input ports for bus-powered functions.  
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AUTO-RETRY FUNCTIONALITY  
Some applications require that an overcurrent condition disables the part momentarily during a fault condition  
and re-enables after a pre-set time. This auto-retry functionality can be implemented with an external resistor and  
capacitor. During a fault condition, FAULT pulls low disabling the part. The part is disabled when EN is pulled  
low, and FAULT goes high impedance allowing CRETRY to begin charging. The part re-enables when the voltage  
on EN reaches the turnon threshold, and the auto-retry time is determined by the resistor/capacitor time  
constant. The part will continue to cycle in this manner until the fault condition is removed.  
TPS2551  
0.1 mF  
Output  
R
Input  
R
IN  
OUT  
LOAD  
FAULT  
100 kW  
C
LOAD  
ILIM  
FAULT  
EN  
R
ILIM  
20 kW  
1 kW  
GND  
C
RETRY  
Power Pad  
0.1 mF  
Figure 22. Auto-Retry Functionality  
Some applications require auto-retry functionality and the ability to enable/disable with an external logic signal.  
The figure below shows how an external logic signal can drive EN through RFAULT and maintain auto-retry  
functionality. The resistor/capacitor time constant determines the auto-retry time-out period.  
TPS2551  
Output  
R
Input  
IN  
OUT  
0.1 mF  
LOAD  
C
LOAD  
External Logic  
Signal & Driver  
ILIM  
R
FAULT  
FAULT  
EN  
R
ILIM  
100 kW  
1kW  
20 kW  
GND  
C
RETRY  
Power Pad  
0.1 mF  
Figure 23. Auto-Retry Functionality With External EN Signal  
LATCH-OFF FUNCTIONALITY  
The circuit in Figure 24 uses an SN74HC00 quad-NAND gate to implement overcurrent latch-off. The SN74HC00  
high-speed CMOS logic gate is selected because it operates over the 2.5V – 6.5V range of the TPS2550/51.  
This circuit is designed to work with the active-high TPS2551. ENABLE must be logic low during start-up until VIN  
is stable to ensure that the switch initializes in the OFF state. A logic high on ENABLE turns on the switch after  
VIN is stable. FAULT momentarily pulls low during an overcurrent condition, which latches STAT logic low and  
disables the switch. The host can monitor STAT for an overcurrent condition. Toggling ENABLE resets STAT and  
re-enables the switch.  
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TPS2551  
0.1 mF  
Input  
Output  
IN  
OUT  
0.1 mF  
R
LOAD  
10 kW  
C
LOAD  
External Logic  
Enable Signal  
ILIM  
EN  
15 kW  
GND  
FAULT  
Power Pad  
R
FAULT  
10 kW  
SN74HC00D  
STAT  
Figure 24. Overcurrent Latch-Off Using a Quad-NAND Gate  
TWO-LEVEL CURRENT-LIMIT CIRCUIT  
Some applications require different current-limit thresholds depending on external system conditions. Figure 25  
shows an implementation for an externally controlled, two-level current-limit circuit. The current-limit threshold is  
set by the total resistance from ILIM to GND (see previously discussed "Programming the Current-Limit  
Threshold" section). A logic-level input enables/disables MOSFET Q1 and changes the current-limit threshold by  
modifying the total resistance from ILIM to GND. Additional MOSFETs/resistor combinations can be used in  
parallel to Q1/R2 to increase the number of additional current-limit levels.  
NOTE:  
ILIM should never be driven directly with an external signal.  
TPS2550/51  
0.1 mF  
Input  
Output  
IN  
OUT  
R
R
LOAD  
FAULT  
C
LOAD  
R1  
80.6 kW  
100 kW  
ILIM  
R2  
20 kW  
FAULT  
EN  
FAULT Signal  
Control Signal  
GND  
Power Pad  
Current Limit  
Control Signal  
Q1  
2N7002  
Figure 25. Two-Level Current-Limit Circuit  
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
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PACKAGING INFORMATION  
Orderable Device  
Status (1)  
Package Package  
Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)  
Qty  
Type  
SOT-23  
SOT-23  
SON  
Drawing  
TPS2550DBVR  
TPS2550DBVT  
TPS2550DRVR  
TPS2550DRVT  
TPS2551DBVR  
TPS2551DBVT  
TPS2551DRVR  
TPS2551DRVT  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
PREVIEW  
DBV  
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
3000  
250  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
TBD  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
Call TI  
DBV  
DRV  
DRV  
DBV  
3000  
250  
SON  
SOT-23  
SOT-23  
SON  
3000  
250  
DBV  
DRV  
DRV  
3000  
250  
SON  
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:  
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.  
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.  
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in  
a new design.  
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.  
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.  
(2)  
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check  
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.  
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.  
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements  
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered  
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.  
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and  
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS  
compatible) as defined above.  
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame  
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)  
(3)  
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder  
temperature.  
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is  
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incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited  
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Addendum-Page 1  
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TPS2550DBVR

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DBVRG4

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DBVT

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DBVTG4

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DRV

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DRVR

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DRVRG4

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DRVT

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550DRVTG4

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2550_0807

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES

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TPS2551-Q1

ADJUSTABLE CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCH

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