TPS60100PWPR [TI]
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-MA LOW-NOISE CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER;
| 型号： | TPS60100PWPR |
| 厂家： | 
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
| 描述： | REGULATED 3.3 V 200-MA LOW-NOISE CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER 光电二极管 |
| 文件： | 总22页 (文件大小：350K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
features
applications
Up to 200-mA Output Current
Replaces DC/DC Converters With Inductors in
Less Than 5-mV Output Voltage Ripple
pp
– Battery-Powered Applications
– Two Battery Cells to 3.3-V Conversion
– Portable Instruments
– Battery-Powered Microprocessor and
DSP Systems
– Miniature Equipment
– Backup-Battery Boost Converters
– PDAs
No Inductors Required/Low EMI
Regulated 3.3-V ±4% Output
Only Four External Components Required
Up to 90% Efficiency
1.8-V to 3.6-V Input Voltage Range
50-µA Quiescent Supply Current
0.05-µA Shutdown Current
– Laptops
– Handheld Instrumentation
– Medical Instruments
– Cordless Phones
Load Isolated in Shutdown
Space-Saving Thermally-Enhanced TSSOP
PowerPAD Package
Evaluation Module Available
(TPS60100EVM–131)
output voltage ripple
description
3.45
3.4
The TPS60100 step-up, regulated charge pump
generates a 3.3-V ±4% output voltage from a
1.8-V to 3.6-V input voltage (two alkaline, NiCd, or
NiMH batteries). Output current is 200 mA from a
2-V input. Only four external capacitors are
needed to build a complete low-noise dc/dc
converter. The push-pull operating mode of two
single-ended charge pumps assures the low
output voltage ripple as current is continuously
transferred to the output. From a 2-V input, the
TPS60100 can start into full load with loads as low
as 16 Ω.
3.35
3.3
3.25
SKIP =COM = 3V8 = 0 V
3.2
V
= 2.4 V
= 200 mA
= 22 µF
X5R Ceramic
IN
3.15
3.1
I
C
O
O
3.05
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
t – Time – µs
The TPS60100 features either constant frequen-
cy mode to minimize noise and output voltage
ripple or the power-saving pulse-skip mode to
extend battery life at light loads. The TPS60100
switching frequency is 300 kHz. The logic
shutdown function reduces the supply current to
1-µA (max) and disconnects the load from the
input. Special current-control circuitry prevents
excessive current from being drawn from the
battery during start-up. This dc/dc converter
requires no inductors and has low EMI. It is
available in the small 20-pin TSSOP PowerPAD
package (PWP).
typical operating circuit
INPUT
1.8 V to
3.6 V
OUTPUT
3.3 V
200 mA
SKIP COM 3V8
IN OUT
IN
+
C
IN
10 µF
OUT
FB
+
C
22 µF
O
TPS60100
C1+
C2+
C2–
C
2.2 µF
1F
C
2F
2.2 µF
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
Figure 1
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
PWP PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
GND
SYNC
ENABLE
FB
OUT
C1+
IN
C1–
PGND
PGND
GND
3V8
COM
SKIP
OUT
C2+
IN
C2–
PGND
PGND
Thermal
Pad
Figure 2. Bottom View of PWP Package,
Showing the Thermal Pad
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGE
†
TSSOP
(PWP)
TPS60100PWP
†
This package is available taped and reeled. To order this packaging
option, add an R suffix to the part number (e.g., TPS60100PWPR).
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
I/O
DESCRIPTION
NAME
3V8
NO.
19
I
Mode selection.
When 3V8 is logic low the charge pump operates in the regulated 3.3-V mode. When 3V8 is connected to IN the
regulator operates in preregulated 3.8-V mode.
C1+
C1–
C2+
C2–
COM
6
Positive terminal of the charge-pump capacitor C
1F
8
Negative terminal of the charge-pump capacitor C
1F
15
13
18
Positive terminal of the charge-pump capacitor C
2F
Negative terminal of the charge-pump capacitor C
2F
I
Mode selection.
When COM is logic low the charge pump operates in push-pull mode to minimize output ripple. When COM is
connected to IN the regulator operates in single-ended mode requiring only one flying capacitor.
ENABLE
FB
3
4
I
I
ENABLE Input. The device turns off, the output disconnects from the input, and the supply current decreases to
0.05 µA when ENABLE is a logic low. Connect ENABLE to IN for normal operation.
FEEDBACKinput. ConnectFBtoOUTasclosetotheloadaspossibletoachievebestregulation.Resistivedivider
is on chip to match internal reference voltage of 1.22 V.
GND
IN
1, 20
7, 14
GROUND. Analog ground for internal reference and control circuitry. Connect to PGND through a short trace.
I
SupplyInput. Connect to an input supply in the 1.8-V to 3.6-V range. Bypass IN to GND with a (C /2) µFcapacitor.
O
Connect both INs through a short trace.
OUT
5, 16
O
Regulated power output. Connect both OUTs through a short trace and bypass OUT to GND with the output filter
capacitor C . V = 3.3 V when 3V8 = low and V = 3.8 V when 3V8 = high.
O
O
O
PGND
SKIP
9–12
17
PGND power ground. Charge-pump current flows through this pin. Connect all PGNDs together.
I
I
Mode selection. When SKIP is logic low, the charge pump operates in constant-frequency mode. Output ripple
and noise are minimized in this mode. When SKIP is connect to IN, the device operates in pulse skip mode.
Quiescent current is lowest in this mode.
SYNC
2
Selection for external clock signal. Connect to GND to use the internally generated clock signal. Connect to IN
for external synchronization. In this case, the clock signal needs to be fed through 3V8 and the device operates
in the regulated 3.3-V mode.
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†‡
absolute maximum ratings (unless otherwise noted)
Input voltage range, V (IN, OUT, ENABLE, SKIP, COM, 3V8, FB, SYNC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 5.5 V
I
Differential input voltage, V (C1+, C2+ to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to (V
+ 0.3 V)
ID
OUT
Differential input voltage, V (C1–, C2– to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to (V + 0.3 V)
ID
IN
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Tables
Continuous output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 mA
Storage temperature range, T
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to 150°C
stg
Maximum junction temperature, T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C
J
†
‡
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
V
,V
,V
,V
andV
SYNC
canexceedV uptothemaximumratedvoltagewithoutincreasingtheleakagecurrentdrawnbythese
IN
ENABLE SKIP COM 3V8
mode select inputs.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE 1 – FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (see Figure 3)
T
≤ 25°C
DERATING FACTOR
T
= 70°C
T = 85°C
A
A
A
PACKAGE
POWER RATING
ABOVE T = 25°C
POWER RATING POWER RATING
A
PWP
700 mW
5.6 mW/°C
448 mW 364 mW
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE 2 – CASE TEMPERATURE (see Figure 4)
≤ 62.5°C DERATING FACTOR = 70°C
POWER RATING ABOVE T = 62.5°C POWER RATING POWER RATING
T
C
T
C
T = 85°C
C
PACKAGE
C
PWP
25 W
285.7 mW/°C
22.9 W
18.5 W
§
§
DISSIPATION DERATING CURVE
vs
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS DISSIPATION
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
CASE TEMPERATURE
1400
1200
30
25
20
15
10
5
1000
800
PWP Package
PWP Package
600
R
= 178°C/W
θJA
400
200
0
Measured with the exposed thermal pad
coupled to an infinite heat sink with a
thermally conductive compound (the
thermal conductivity of the compound
is 0.815 W/m °C). The R
θJC
is 3.5°C/W.
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
25
50
75
100
125
150
T
A
– Free-Air Temperature – °C
T
C
– Case Temperature – °C
Figure 3
Figure 4
§
Dissipation rating tables and figures are provided for maintenance of junction temperature at or below absolute maximum temperature of 150°C.
It is recommended not to exceed a junction temperature of 125°C.
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
electrical characteristics at C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF , C = 22 µF, T = –40°C to 85°C,
IN
1F
2F
O
C
V =2V,V =V ,V
=V ,V
=V or0VandV
=V
=V
=0V(unlessotherwise
IN
noted)
FB
O
ENABLE
IN SKIP
IN
COM
3V8
SYNC
PARAMETER
Input voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
3.6
UNIT
V
V
IN
1.8
V
Input undervoltage lockout threshold
Maximum output current
1.6
1.8
V
IN(UV)
I
200
mA
O(MAX)
1.8 V < V < 2 V,
IN
O(Start-Up)
0 < I < 100 mA,
O
C
3.17
3.3
3.43
V
= 3.3 V,
T = 25°C
V
Output voltage
V
O
2 V < V < 3.3 V,
0 < I < 200 mA
3.17
3.17
3.3
3.3
3.43
3.47
IN
3.3 V < V < 3.6 V,
O
0 < I < 200 mA
IN
= 200 mA,
O
‡
5
V
Output voltage ripple
I
O
V
V
= 0 V
mV
PP
O(RIP)
SKIP
I
I
Output leakage current
V
IN
= 2.4 V,
= 0 V
1
µA
O(LEAK)
ENABLE
50
1.5
90
µA
mA
µA
Quiescent current
(no-load input current)
V
SKIP
V
SKIP
= V = 2.4 V
IN
= 0 V,
Q
V
V
= 2.4 V
IN
I
f
f
Shutdown supply current
Internal switching frequency
External clock frequency
External clock duty cycle
Efficiency
V
V
V
V
= 2.4 V,
= 0 V
0.05
300
600
1
400
800
80%
DD(SDN)
OSC(int)
OSC(ext)
IN
ENABLE
= 2.4 V
200
400
kHz
kHz
IN
= V
= V
,
,
V
V
= 1.8V to 3.6 V
SYNC
SYNC
IN
IN
IN
= 1.8V to 3.6 V
20%
IN
I
O
= 100 mA
80%
Input voltage low,
ENABLE, SKIP, COM, 3V8, SYNC
0.3 ×
V
IN
V
V
V
IN
V
IN
= 1.8 V
= 3.6 V
V
V
INL
Input voltage high,
ENABLE, SKIP, COM, 3V8, SYNC
0.7 ×
V
IN
INH
Input leakage current,
ENABLE, SKIP, COM, 3V8, SYNC
V
V
= V
= V
= V
=
3V8
ENABLE
= V
SKIP
or V
GND
COM
IN
I
0.01
0.004
0.6
0.1
µA
I(LEAK)
SYNC
V
= 3.3 V,
1 mA < I < 200 mA
O
O
C
Output load regulation
Output line regulation
Short circuit current
%/mA
%/V
mA
T
= 25°C
2 V < V < 3.3 V,
IN
V
= 3.3 V,
= 25°C
O
C
I
O
= 100 mA,
T
V
= 2.4 V
V
= 0 V,
O
IN
= 25°C
125
T
C
†
‡
Use only ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectric as flying capacitors.
Achieved with C = 22 µF X5R dielectric ceramic capacitor
O
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
electrical characteristics for preregulated 3.8-V Mode (V
†
= V ), C
= 10 µF,
(3V8)
IN
IN
C
= C = 2.2 µF , C = 22 µF, T = –40°C to 85°C, V = 2.4 V, V
= V , V
= V ,
1F
2F
O
C
IN
FB
O
ENABLE
IN
V
= V or 0 V and V
= V
= 0 V (unless otherwise noted)
SKIP
IN
COM
SYNC
PARAMETER
Input voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
2.2
TYP
MAX
UNIT
V
V
IN
3.6
I
Maximum output current
Output voltage
200
mA
V
O(MAX)
V
2.2 V < V < 3.6 V,
IN
0 < I < 200 mA
3.6
3.8
4
1
O
O
I
Output leakage current
V
V
V
V
= 0 V
µA
µA
mA
µA
kHz
mA
O(LEAK)
ENABLE
= V
60
2
Quiescent current
(no-load input current)
SKIP
SKIP
IN
I
Q
= 0 V
= 0 V
I
f
Shutdown supply current
Internal switching frequency
Short circuit current
0.05
300
125
1
DD(SDN)
ENABLE
200
400
OSC
V
O
= 0 V,
T = 25°C
C
†
Use only ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectric as flying capacitors.
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT (V = 3.3 V)
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT (V = 3.3 V)
O
O
100
90
100
90
V
V
= 1.8 V
= 2 V
IN
V
V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
V
= 1.8 V
IN
(3V8)
IN
V
V
= 2 V
IN
80
70
80
70
60
50
V
V
= 2.4 V
= 2.7 V
IN
= 2.4 V
IN
IN
V
IN
= 2.7 V
60
50
40
30
20
40
30
20
10
0
10
0
V
= V , V = 0 V
IN (3V8)
(SKIP)
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1
10
100
1000
I
O
– Output Current – mA
I
O
– Output Current – mA
Figure 5
Figure 6
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT (V = 3.8 V)
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT (V = 3.8 V)
O
O
100
90
100
90
V
V
= V
V
V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
(3V8)
IN
(SKIP)
(3V8)
= V
= V
IN
IN
V
= 2.3 V
= 2.7 V
V
IN
= 2.3 V
IN
80
70
80
70
60
50
V
IN
V
IN
= 2.7 V
V
IN
= 3 V
V
IN
= 3 V
60
50
40
30
20
40
30
20
10
0
10
0
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1
10
100
1000
I
O
– Output Current – mA
I
O
– Output Current – mA
Figure 7
Figure 8
†T = 25°C, V
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
COM
SYNC
O
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT
QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
INPUT VOLTAGE
60
55
50
2
1.75
1.5
V
V
= V
IN
(SKIP)
= 0 V
V
V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
(3V8)
(3V8)
45
40
35
1.25
1
30
25
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
V
IN
– Input Voltage – V
V
IN
– Input Voltage – V
Figure 9
Figure 10
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
3.6
3.5
4.1
4
V
V
= V or 0 V
IN
(SKIP)
= 0 V
V
V
= V or 0 V
IN
IN
(SKIP)
= V
(3V8)
(3V8)
V
IN
= 3.6 V
V
IN
= 3.6 V
V
IN
= 2.7 V
V
V
IN
= 2.7 V
= 2.4 V
IN
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.9
3.8
3.7
V
= 2.4 V
IN
V
= 2 V
IN
V
IN
= 1.8 V
3.1
3
3.6
3.5
1
10
100
1000
1
10
100
1000
I
O
– Output Current – mA
I
O
– Output Current – mA
Figure 11
Figure 12
†T = 25°C, V
COM
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
SYNC
O
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
3.5
3.45
3.4
3.10
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.6
V
V
= V or 0 V
IN
(3V8)
= 1 mA to 200 mA
(SKIP)
= 0 V
V
V
= V or 0 V
IN
IN
(SKIP)
(3V8)
= V
I
O
3.35
3.3
I
O
= 10 mA
I
= 100 mA
3.25
3.2
O
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
I
O
= 200 mA
3.15
3.1
3.05
3
3.1
3
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
V
IN
– Input Voltage – V
V
IN
– Input Voltage – V
Figure 13
Figure 14
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
TIME
vs
TIME
3.36
3.38
3.36
3.34
Pulse-Skip Mode
V
= V
IN
V
= 0 V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
Constant
Frequency
Mode
(SKIP)
V
V
I
V
V
I
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
3.35
3.34
3.33
IN
= 100 mA
IN
= 200 mA
O
O
C
= 22 µF (X5R ceramic)
O
Less than
5 mVpp
3.32
3.31
3.30
3.32
3.3
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20
t – Time – µs
t – Time – µs
Figure 15
Figure 16
†T = 25°C, V
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
COM
SYNC
O
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
3.36
3.35
3.34
3.33
3.32
600
3.39
3.37
3.35
3.33
3.31
600
V
V
V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
Constant
Frequency
Mode
V
V
V
= V
IN
Pulse-Skip Mode
(SKIP)
= 0 V
(3V8)
= 2.7 V
(3V8)
= 2.7 V
(IN)
= 10 mA to 200 mA
(IN)
= 10 mA to 200 mA
I
O
I
O
400
400
200
0
200
0
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16
18 20
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16
18 20
t – Time – ms
t – Time – ms
Figure 17
Figure 18
LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE
3.39
3.45
3.4
3.35
3.3
3.25
3
V
V
I
= 0 V
V
V
I
= V
= 0 V
(3V8)
= 100 mA
Pulse-Skip Mode
Constant
Frequency
Mode
(SKIP)
= 0 V
(SKIP) IN
(3V8)
= 100 mA
3.37
3.35
3.33
3.31
3
O
O
2.5
2.5
2
2
1.5
1.5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
t – Time – ms
t – Time – ms
Figure 19
Figure 20
†T = 25°C, V
COM
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
SYNC
O
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
CONSTANT FREQUENCY MODE
FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
‡
‡
PULSE-SKIP MODE
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
100
80
V
V
V
= 0 V
V
V
V
= V
IN
(SKIP)
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
IN
= 100 mA
IN
= 100 mA
I
O
I
O
RBW = 300 Hz
RBW = 300 Hz
60
40
20
0
10
0
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
f – Frequency – MHz
f – Frequency – MHz
Figure 21
Figure 22
FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
CONSTANT FREQUENCY MODE
FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
‡
‡
PULSE-SKIP MODE
90
80
70
90
V
V
V
= V
IN
(SKIP)
= 0 V
V
V
V
= 0 V
(SKIP)
= 0 V
80
70
60
50
40
30
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
(3V8)
= 2.4 V
IN
= 10 mA
IN
= 10 mA
I
O
I
O
RBW = 300 Hz
RBW = 300 Hz
60
50
40
30
20
20
10
0
10
0
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
f – Frequency – MHz
f – Frequency – MHz
Figure 23
Figure 24
†T = 25°C, V
COM
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
SYNC
O
‡Test circuit: TPS60100EVM–131
10
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
†
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
EFFICIENCY
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
EFFICIENCY
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
V
I
= V
IN
V
= 0 V
(3V8)
= 100 mA
(3V8)
= 100 mA
I
O
O
Skip = High
Skip = Low
Skip = High
Skip = Low
10
0
10
0
1.5
2
2.5
– Input Voltage – V
IN
3
3.5
4
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
V
V
IN
– Input Voltage – V
Figure 25
Figure 26
START-UP TIMING
START-UP TIMING
4
3.5
3
3.5
3
R
V
= 19 Ω
R
V
= 16.5 Ω
0
0
= 2.4 V
= 2.4 V
IN
IN
V
(3V8)
= V
V
(3V8)
= 0 V
IN
2.5
2
2.5
2
Enable
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Enable
1.5
1
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.5
0
–0.5
–0.5
–100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
–100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
t – Time –µs
t – Time –µs
Figure 27
Figure 28
†T = 25°C, V
= V
= 0 V, C = 10 µF, C = C = 2.2 µF, C = 22 µF, unless otherwise noted
IN 1F 2F
C
COM
SYNC
O
11
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
detailed description
operating principle
The TPS60100 charge pump provides a regulated 3.3-V output from a 1.8-V to 3.6-V input. It delivers a
maximum load current of 200 mA. Designed specifically for space critical battery powered applications, the
complete charge pump circuit requires only four external capacitors. The circuit can be optimized for highest
efficiency at light loads or lowest output noise. The TPS60100 consists of an oscillator, a 1.22-V bandgap
reference, an internal resistive feedback circuit, an error amplifier, high current MOSFET switches, a
shutdown/start-up circuit, and a control circuit (Figure 29)
CHARGE PUMP 1
IN
0°
T
11
T
12
OSCILLATOR
180°
C1+
C
1F
C1–
T
13
T
14
SKIP
OUT
COM
3V8
PGND
FB
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
SYNC
–
+
CHARGE PUMP 2
T
IN
T
T
+
–
21
22
V
REF
C2+
C
2F
–
+
SHUTDOWN/
START-UP
CONTROL
C2–
T
24
23
ENABLE
OUT
+
–
0.8 × V
IN
PGND
GND
Figure 29. Functional Block Diagram TPS60100
The oscillator runs at a 50% duty cycle. The device consists of two single-ended charge pumps which operate
with 180° phase shift. Each single ended charge pump transfers charge into its transfer capacitor (C ) in one
xF
half of the period. During the other half of the period (transfer phase), C is placed in series with the input to
xF
transfer its charge to C . While one single-ended charge pump is in the charge phase, the other one is in the
O
transfer phase. This operation guarantees an almost constant output current which ensures a low output ripple.
Iftheclockweretoruncontinuously, thisprocesswouldeventuallygenerateanoutputvoltageequaltotwotimes
the input voltage (hence the name doubler). In order to provide a regulated fixed output voltage of 3.3 V, the
TPS60100 uses either pulse-skip mode or constant-frequency mode. Pulse-skip mode and constant-frequency
mode are externally selected via the SKIP input pin.
12
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
detailed description (continued)
start-up procedure
During start-up, i.e. when ENABLE is set from logic low to logic high, the switches T12 and T14 (charge pump
1), and the switches T22 and T24 (charge pump 2) are conducting to charge up the output capacitor until the
output voltage V reaches 0.8×V . When the start-up comparator detects this limit, the IC begins to operate
O
IN
in the mode selected with SKIP, COM and 3V8. This start-up charging of the output capacitor guarantees a short
start-up time and eliminates the need for a Schottky diode between IN and OUT.
pulse-skip mode
In pulse-skip mode (SKIP = high), the error amplifier disables switching of the power stages when it detects an
output higher than 3.3 V. The oscillator halts. The IC then skips switching cycles until the output voltage drops
below 3.3 V. Then the error amplifier reactivates the oscillator and switching of the power stages starts again.
The pulse-skip regulation mode minimizes operating current because it does not switch continuously and
deactivates all functions except bandgap reference and error amplifier when the output is higher than 3.3 V.
When switching is disabled from the error amplifier, the load is also isolated from the input. SKIP is a logic input
and should not remain floating. The typical operating circuit of the TPS60100 in pulse skip mode is shown in
Figure 1.
constant-frequency mode
When SKIP is low, the charge pump runs continuously at the frequency f
. The control circuit, fed from the
OSC
error amplifier, controls the charge on C and C by driving the gates of the FETs T /T and T /T
,
1F
2F
12 13
22 23
respectively. When the output voltage falls, the gate drive increases, resulting in a larger voltage across C
1F
and C . This regulation scheme minimizes output ripple. Since the device switches continuously, the output
2F
noise contains well-defined frequency components, and the circuit requires smaller external capacitors for a
given output ripple. However, constant-frequency mode, due to higher operating current, is less efficient at light
loads than pulse-skip mode.
SKIP COM 3V8
INPUT
1.8 V to 3.6 V
OUTPUT
3.3 V 200 mA
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
+
TPS60100
C
= 22 µF
O
+
C
IN
10 µF
C1+
C2+
C2–
C
2.2 µF
1F
C
2F
2.2 µF
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
Figure 30. Typical Operating Circuit TPS60100 in Constant Frequency Mode
Table 1. Tradeoffs Between Operating Modes
FEATURE
PULSE-SKIP MODE
(SKIP = High)
CONSTANT-FREQUENCY MODE
(SKIP = Low)
Best light-load efficiency
X
Smallest external component size for a given output ripple
Output ripple amplitude
X
Very small amplitude
Constant
Small amplitude
Variable
Output ripple frequency
Load regulation
Very good
Good
NOTE: Even in pulse-skip mode the output ripple amplitude is small if the push-pull operating mode is selected via COM.
13
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
detailed description (continued)
push-pull operating mode
In push-pull operating mode (COM = low), the two single-ended charge pumps operate with 180° phase shift.
The oscillator signal has a 50% duty cycle. Each single-ended charge pump transfers charge into its transfer
capacitor (C ) in one-half of the period. During the other half of the period (transfer phase), C is placed in
xF
xF
series with the input to transfer its charge to C . While one single-ended charge pump is in the charge phase,
O
the other one is in the transfer phase. This operation guarantees an almost constant output current which
ensures a low output ripple. COM is a logic input and should not remain floating. The typical operating circuit
of the TPS60100 in push-pull mode is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 30.
single-ended operating mode
When COM is high, the device runs in single-ended operating mode. The two single-ended charge pumps
operate in parallel without phase shift. They transfer charge into the transfer capacitor (C ) in one half of the
F
period. During the other half of the period (transfer phase), C is placed in series with the input to transfer its
F
chargetoC . Insingle-endedoperatingmodeonlyonetransfercapacitor(C =C +C )isrequired, resulting
O
F
1F
2F
in less board space.
SKIP COM 3V8
INPUT
1.8 V to 3.6 V
OUTPUT
3.3 V 200 mA
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
+
TPS60100
C
= 22 µF
O
+
C
IN
10 µF
C1+
C2+
C2–
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
C
= 4.7 µF
F
Figure 31. Typical Operating Circuit TPS60100 in Single-Ended Operating Mode
Table 2. Tradeoffs Between Operating Modes
FEATURE
PUSH-PULL MODE
(COM = Low)
SINGLE-ENDED MODE
(COM = High)
Output ripple amplitude
Smallest board space
Small amplitude
Large amplitude
X
regulated 3.3 V operating mode
In regulated 3.3 V operating mode (3V8 = low) the device provides a regulated 3.3-V output from a1.8-V to 3.6-V
input. 3V8 is a logic input and should not remain floating. The typical operating circuit of the TPS60100 in (3.3
V) regulated mode is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 30.
pre-regulated 3.8 V operating mode
When3V8ishigh, thedeviceprovidesapreregulated3.8-Voutputfroma2.2-Vto3.6-Vinput. Thismodeshould
be used if a tighter output voltage tolerance is a major concern. In this case the charge pump generates the input
voltage for a low-dropout regulator.
14
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
detailed description (continued)
shutdown
Driving ENABLE low places the device in shutdown mode. This disables all switches, the oscillator, and control
logic. Thedevicetypicallydraws0.05-µA(1-µAmax)ofsupplycurrentinthismode. Leakagecurrentdrawnfrom
the output is as low as 1 µA max. The device exits shutdown once ENABLE is set high level. The typical no-load
shutdown exit time is 10 µs. When the device is in shutdown, the load is isolated from the input and the output
is high impedance.
external clock signal
If the device shall operate at a user defined frequency, an external clock signal can be used. Therefore, SYNC
needs to be connected to IN and the external oscillator signal can drive 3V8. The maximum external frequency
is limited to 800 kHz. The switching frequency of the converter is half of the external oscillator frequency. It is
recommended to operate the charge pump in constant-frequency mode if an external clock signal is used so
that the output noise contains only well-defined frequency components.
External Clock
SKIP COM 3V8
INPUT
1.8 V to 3.6 V
OUTPUT
3.3 V 200 mA
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
+
TPS60100
C
= 22 µF
O
+
C
IN
10 µF
C1+
C2+
C2–
C
2.2 µF
1F
C
2F
2.2 µF
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
Figure 32. Typical Operating Circuit TPS60100 With External Synchronization
undervoltage lockout
The TPS60100 has an undervoltage lockout feature that deactivates the device and places it in shutdown mode
when the input voltage falls below 1.6 V.
15
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
capacitor selection
The TPS60100 requires only four external capacitors as shown in the basic application circuit. Their values are
closely linked to the output current capacity, output noise requirements, and mode of operation. Generally, the
transfer capacitors (C ) will be the smallest.
xF
Theinputcapacitorimprovessystemefficiencybyreducingtheinputimpedanceandstabilizestheinputcurrent.
C
is recommended to be about two to four times as large as C .
IN
xF
The output capacitor (C ) can be selected from 5-times to 50-times larger than C , depending on the mode
O
xF
†
of operation and ripple tolerance . Tables 3 and 4 show capacitor values recommended for low
quiescent-current operation (pulse-skip mode) and for low output voltage ripple operation (constant-frequency
mode). A recommendation is given for smallest size.
†
Table 3. Recommended Capacitor Values for Low Quiescent-Current Operation
(pulse-skip mode)
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
C
C
O
[µF]
IN
[µF]
V
[V]
C
xF
[µF]
IN
I
O
[mA]
RIPPLE V
[mV]
PP
TANTALUM
CERAMIC
TANTALUM
CERAMIC
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
150
150
200
200
10
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
22
90
45
55
30
10 (X5R)
10 (X5R)
22 (X5R)
22 (X5R)
10
22
†
All measurements are done with additional 1-µF X7R ceramic capacitors at input and output.
†
Table 4. Recommended Capacitor Values for Low Output Voltage Ripple Operation
(constant-frequency mode)
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
C
C
O
[µF]
IN
[µF]
V
[V]
I
C
xF
[µF]
IN
O
[mA]
RIPPLE V
[mV]
PP
TANTALUM
CERAMIC
TANTALUM
CERAMIC
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
150
150
200
200
10
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
22
13
4
10 (X5R)
10 (X5R)
22 (X5R)
22 (X5R)
10
22
15
5
†
All measurements are done with additional 1-µF X7R ceramic capacitors at input and output.
†
In constant-frequency mode always select C ≥ 22 µF
O
16
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
For the TPS60100, the smallest board space size can be achieved using Sprague’s 595D-series tantalum
capacitors for input and output. However, with the trend towards high capacitance ceramic capacitors in smaller
size packages, these type of capacitors might become competitive in size soon.
Table 5. Recommended Capacitors
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
CAPACITANCE
TYPE
Taiyo Yuden
LMK212BJ105KG–T
LMK212BJ225MG–T
JMK316BJ106ML–T
LMK432BJ226MM–T
1 µF
2.2 µF
10 µF
22 µF
Ceramic
Ceramic
Ceramic
Ceramic
AVX
0805ZC105KAT2A
1206ZC225KAT2A
TPSC106025R0500
TPSC226016R0375
1 µF
2.2 µF
10 µF
22 µF
Ceramic
Ceramic
Tantalum
Tantalum
Sprague
Kemet
595D106X0010A2T
595D226X06R3A2T
595D226X06R3B2T
595D226X0020C2T
10 µF
22 µF
22 µF
22 µF
Tantalum
Tantalum
Tantalum
Tantalum
T494C106M010AS
T494C226M010AS
10 µF
22 µF
Tantalum
Tantalum
Table 6 lists the manufacturers of recommended capacitors. In most applications surface-mount tantalum
capacitors will be the right choice. However, ceramic capacitors will provide the lowest output voltage ripple due
to their typically lower ESR.
Table 6. Recommended Capacitor Manufacturers
MANUFACTURER
Taiyo Yuden
AVX
CAPACITOR TYPE
INTERNET
X7R/X5R ceramic
www.t–yuden.com
www.avxcorp.com
X7R/X5R ceramic
TPS–series tantalum
Sprague
Kemet
595D–series tantalum
593D–series tantalum
www.vishay.com
www.kemet.com
T494–series tantalum
power dissipation
The power dissipated in the TPS60100 depends on output current and is approximated by:
2 VIN for I
must be less than that allowed by the package rating. See the ratings for 20-PowerPAD package
P
I
V
I
O
DISS
O
O
Q
P
DISS
power-dissipation limits and deratings.
17
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
layout
All capacitors should be soldered in close proximity to the IC. A PCB layout proposal for a two-layer board is
given in Figure 33. Care has been taken to connect both single-ended charge pumps symmetrically to the load
to achive optimized output voltage ripple performance. The proposed layout also provides improved thermal
performance as the exposed leadframe is soldered to the PCB. The bottom layer of the PCB is a ground plain
only. All ground areas on the PCB should be connected. Connect ground areas on top layer to the bottom layer
via through hole connections.
OUT
GND
GND
3V8
SYNC
ENABLE
C1+
COM
SKIP
C2+
GND
C1–
C2–
GND
GND
IN
Figure 33. Recommended PCB Layout for TPS60100 (top view)
AnevaluationmodulefortheTPS60100isavailableandcanbeorderedunderliteraturecodeSLVP131orunder
product code TPS60100EVM–131.
18
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
applications proposals
paralleling of two TPS60100 to deliver 400 mA
The TPS60100 can be paralleled to yield higher load currents. The circuit of Figure 34 can deliver 400 mA at
an output voltage of 3.3 V. It uses two TPS60100 devices in parallel. The devices can share the output
capacitors, but each one requires its own transfer capacitors and input capacitor. For best performance, the
paralleled devices should operate in the same mode (pulse-skip or constant frequency).
INPUT
1.8 V to
3.6 V
+
SKIP COM 3V8
SKIP COM 3V8
OUTPUT
3.3 V
200 mA
10 µF
+
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
10 µF
+
TPS60100
TPS60100
47 µF
C1+
C2+
C2–
C1+
C2+
C2–
2.2 µF
2.2 µF
2.2 µF
2.2 µF
C1–
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
PGND GND
Figure 34. Paralleling of Two TPS60100
TPS60100 with LC output filter for ultra low ripple
For applications where extremely low output ripple is required, a small LC filter is recommended. This is shown
in Figure 35. The addition of a small inductor and filter capacitor will reduce the output ripple well below what
could be achieved with capacitors alone. The corner frequency of 500 kHz was chosen above the 300 kHz
switching frequency to avoid loop stability issues in case the feedback is taken from the output of the LC filter.
Leaving the feedback (FB) connection point before the LC filter, the filter capacitance value can be increased
to achieve even higher ripple attenuation without affecting stability margin.
0.1 µH
OUTPUT
3.3 V 200 mA
+
+
1 µF
SKIP COM 3V8
C
= 22 µF
O
INPUT
1.8 V to 3.6 V
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
FB
TPS60100
+
C
IN
10 µF
C1+
C2+
C2–
C
2.2 µF
1F
C
2F
2.2 µF
C1–
ENABLE
SYNC
OFF/ON
PGND GND
Figure 35. TPS60100 With LC Filter for Ultra Low Output Ripple Applications
19
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
APPLICATION INFORMATION
related information
application reports
For more application information see:
PowerPAD Application Report (Literature Number: SLMA002)
TPS6010x/TPS6011x Charge Pump Application Report (Literature Number: SLVA070)
device family products
Other devices in this family are:
LITERATURE
PART NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
NUMBER
SLVS214
SLVS215
SLVS216
TPS60101
TPS60110
TPS60111
Regulated 3.3-V, 100-mA Low-Noise Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Regulated 5-V, 300-mA Low-Noise Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Regulated 5-V, 150-mA Low-Noise Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
20
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TPS60100
REGULATED 3.3 V 200-mA LOW-NOISE
CHARGE PUMP DC/DC CONVERTER
SLVS213B – MAY 1999 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 1999
MECHANICAL DATA
PWP (R-PDSO-G**)
PowerPAD PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
20-PIN SHOWN
0,30
0,19
0,65
20
M
0,10
11
Thermal Pad
(See Note D)
0,15 NOM
4,50
4,30
6,60
6,20
Gage Plane
1
10
0,25
A
0°–8°
0,75
0,50
Seating Plane
0,10
0,15
0,05
1,20 MAX
PINS **
14
16
20
24
28
DIM
5,10
4,90
5,10
4,90
6,60
6,40
7,90
7,70
9,80
9,60
A MAX
A MIN
4073225/E 03/97
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusions.
D. Thepackagethermalperformancemaybeenhancedbybondingthethermalpadtoanexternalthermalplane.Thispadiselectrically
and thermally connected to the backside of the die and possibly selected leads.
E. Falls within JEDEC MO-153
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
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