GRM32EC80J107ME20 [VICOR]
30 â 60VIN Cool-Power ZVS Buck Regulator;
| 型号： | GRM32EC80J107ME20 |
| 厂家： | 
VICOR CORPORATION |
| 描述： | 30 â 60VIN Cool-Power ZVS Buck Regulator |
| 文件： | 总41页 (文件大小：1776K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Cool-Power®
ZVS Switching Regulators
PI352x-00
30 – 60VIN Cool-Power ZVS Buck Regulator
Product Description
Features & Benefits
The PI352x-00 is a family of high input voltage, wide input
range DC-DC ZVS Buck regulators integrating controller, power
switches, and support components all within a high density
System-in-Package (SiP).
• High Efficiency HV ZVS Buck Topology
• Wide input voltage range of 30 – 60V
• Power-up into pre-biased load ≤ 6.0V
• Parallel capable with single wire current sharing
• Input Over/Undervoltage Lockout (OVLO/UVLO)
• Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP)
• Overtemperature Protection (OTP)
The integration of a high-performance Zero-Voltage Switching
(ZVS) topology, within the PI352x-00 series, increases point
of load performance providing best in class power efficiency.
The PI352x-00 requires only an external inductor, two voltage
selection resistors and minimal capacitors to form a complete
DC-DC switch mode buck regulator.
• Fast and slow current limits
Output Voltage
• Differential amplifier for output remote sensing
• User adjustable soft start & tracking
Device
IOUT Max
Set
3.3V
5.0V
12V
Range
2.2 – 4V
22A
20A
18A
PI3523-00-LGIZ
PI3525-00-LGIZ
PI3526-00-LGIZ
• –40 to 120°C operating range (TINT
)
4.0 – 6.5V
6.5 – 14V
Applications
• HV to PoL Buck Regulator Applications
• Computing, Communications, Industrial,
Automotive Equipment
Package Information
• 10 x 14 x 2.6mm LGA SiP
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 1 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Contents
Order Information
3
3
SiP Power Dissipation as Percentage of Total System Losses
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Thermal, Storage and Handling Information
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Functional Block Diagram
Pin Description
Application Description
Output Voltage Set Point
Soft Start Adjust and Tracking
Inductor Pairing
3
4
5
Package Pinout
6
Parallel Operation
PI352x-00 Common Electrical Characteristics
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
PI3525-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Functional Description
7
Filter Considerations
VDR Bias Regulator
8
15
22
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
30
30
30
Layout Guidelines
Recommended PCB Footprint and Stencil
Package Drawings
ENABLE (EN)
Revision History
Remote Sensing
Product Warranty
Soft Start
Output Voltage Selection
Output Current Limit Protection
Input Undervoltage Lockout
Input Overvoltage Lockout
Output Overvoltage Protection
Overtemperature Protection
Pulse Skip Mode (PSM)
Variable Frequency Operation
Thermal Characteristics
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 2 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Order Information
Product
Rated IOUT
22A
Package
Transport Media
Nominal Output
PI3523-00-LGIZ
PI3525-00-LGIZ
PI3526-00-LGIZ
3.3V
5.0V
12V
10 x 14mm LGA
10 x 14mm LGA
10 x 14mm LGA
TRAY
TRAY
TRAY
20A
18A
Thermal, Storage and Handling Information
Name
Rating
Storage Temperature
–65 to 150°C
–40 to 120°C
245°C
Internal Operating Temperature
Soldering Temperature for 20 seconds
MSL Rating
3
ESD Rating, JESD22-A114F, JS-002-2014
2kV HBM; 1kV CDM, respectively
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Name
VIN
Rating
–0.7 to 75V
–0.7VDC to 75V
–0.5 to 25V
100mA
VS1
VOUT
SGND
TRK
–0.3 to 5.5V, 30mA
VDR, SYNCI, SYNCO, PWRGD, EN, COMP,
EAO, EAIN, VDIFF, VSN, VSP, TESTx
–0.3 to 5.5V, 5mA
Notes: Stresses beyond these limits may cause permanent damage to the device. Operation at these conditions or conditions beyond those listed in the
Electrical Specifications table is not guaranteed. All voltages are referenced to PGND unless otherwise noted.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 3 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Functional Block Diagram
VS1
VIN
VOUT
Q2
Q1
VSP
VSN
+
–
VDIFF
Power
Control
VDR
VCC
EAIN
CEAIN-INT
EAO
ZVS Control
–
+
VREF
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
CHF
RZI
Digital Parametric Trim
COMP
TRK
TESTx
PGND
0Ω
Simplified Block Diagram
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 4 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Pin Description
Name
VS1
Location
Block 1
I/O
Description
Power
Power
Switching Node: and ZVS sense for power switches.
Input Voltage: and sense for UVLO, OVLO and feed forward ramp.
VIN
Block 3
Gate Driver VCC: Internally generated 5.1V. May be used as a bias supply for low power external
loads. See Application Description for important considerations.
VDR
5K
I/O
Synchronization Input: Synchronize to the falling edge of external clock frequency. SYNCI is a
high impedance digital input node and should always be connected to SGND when not in use. The
PI352x-00 family is not optimized for external synchronization functionality. Refer to Application
Description of Parallel Operation for details.
SYNCI
4K
3K
I
Synchronization Output: Outputs a high signal at the start of each clock cycle for the longer of
½ of the minimum period or the on time of the high side power MOSFET.
SYNCO
O
TEST1
TEST2
TEST3
TEST4
TEST5
2K
1K
1J
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
Test Connections: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
Test Connections: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
Test Connections: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
Test Connections: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
Test Connections: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
1H
1E
Power Good: High impedance when regulator is operating and VOUT is in regulation.
Otherwise pulls to SGND.
PWRGD
1G
O
Enable Input: Regulator enable control. When asserted active or left floating: regulator is enabled.
Otherwise regulator is disabled.
EN
1F
Block 5
1C
I/O
Signal Ground: Internal logic ground for EA, TRK, SYNCI, SYNCO communication returns. SGND
and PGND are star connected within the regulator package.
SGND
TRK
Soft-Start and Track Input: An external capacitor may be connected between TRK pin and SGND
to increase the rise time of the internal reference during soft start.
I
Compensation Capacitor: Connect capacitor for control loop dominant pole. See Error Amplifier
section for details. A default CCOMP of 4.7nF is used in the example.
COMP
1B
O
EAO
EAIN
VDIFF
VSN
1A
2A
O
Error amp output: External connection for additional compensation and current sharing.
Error Amp Inverting Input: Connection for the main VOUT feedback divider tap.
Independent Amplifier Output: Active only when module is enabled.
Independent Amplifier Inverting Input: If unused connect in unity gain.
Independent Amplifier Non-Inverting Input: If unused connect to SGND.
Direct VOUT Connect: for per-cycle internal clamp node and feed-forward ramp.
Power Ground: VIN and VOUT power returns.
I
3A
O
4A
I
VSP
5A
I
VOUT
PGND
6A,B
Block2
Power
Power
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 5 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Package Pinout
SGND
SGND
SGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
TEST5
SGND
SGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PWRG0
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
TEST4
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
TEST3
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
EA0
EAIN
VDIFF
VSN
COMP
TRK
TEST2
TEST1
SYNC0
SYNC1
VDR
EN
1
2
SGND
SGND
SGND
SGND
SGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
3
4
VSP
PGND
VOUT
5
VOUT
PGND
6
7
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
8
9
10
11
12 PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
13
14
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
VS1
Pin Block Name
Group of pins
VIN
A8-10, B8-10, C8-10, D8-10, E8-10, F8-10, G8-10, H8-10, J8-10, K8-10
A14, B14, C14, D14, E14, F14, G14, H14, J14, K14
A12, B12, C12, D12, E12, F12, G12, H12, J12, K12
B5, C4-6, D4-6, E4-6, F2-6, G2-6, H2-6, J2-6, K6
A6, B6
VS1
PGND
PGND
VOUT
SGND
B2-4, C2-3, D1-3, E2-3
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 6 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI352x-00 Common Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Differential Amp
Open Loop Gain
96
5
120
7
140
12
1
dB
MHz
mV
V
Small Signal Gain-bandwidth
Input Offset
0.5
Common Mode Input Range
Differential Mode Input Range
Input Bias Current
–0.1
2.5
2
V
–1
–1
1
µA
mA
Output Current
1
Maximum VOUT
IVDIFF = –1mA
IVDIFF = –1mA
4.85
V
Minimum VOUT
20
50
mV
pF
Capacitive Load Range for Stability
Slew Rate
0
11
V/µs
PWRGD
VOUT Rising Threshold
VPG_HI%
78
75
84
81
90
% VOUT_DC
VOUT Falling Threshold
PWRGD Output Low
VPG_LO%
VPG_SAT
87
% VOUT_DC
V
Sink = 4mA
VIN_DC > 10V
0.4
VDR
Voltage Set Point
External Loading
VVDR
IVDR
4.9
0
5.05
5.2
2
V
See Application Description for details
mA
Enable
High Threshold
Low Threshold
VEN_HI
VEN_LO
VEN_HYS
0.9
0.7
100
1.0
0.8
200
1.1
0.9
300
V
V
Threshold Hysteresis
mV
Pull-Up Voltage Level for
Source Current
VEN_PU
2
V
Pull-Up Current
IEN_PU_POS
VIN > 8V, excluding tFR_DLY
50
µA
Reliability
MIL-HDBK-217, 25ºC, Ground Benign: GB
Telcordia SR-332, 25ºC, Ground Benign: GB
12.6
96.9
MHrs
MHrs
MTBF
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 7 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
Input Current
VIN_DC
IIN_DC
30
48
60
V
A
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, IOUT = 22A
Short at terminals
1.69
Input Current At Output Short
(fault condition duty cycle)
IIN_Short
4.7
mA
Input Quiescent Current
Input Quiescent Current
Input Voltage Slew Rate
Input capacitance, Internal
IQ_VIN
IQ_VIN
VIN_SR
CIN_INT
Disabled
0.75
1.8
1.2
1
mA
mA
V/µs
µF
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
Effective value VIN = 48V, 25°C
0.50
Output Specifications
[b]
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
Line Regulation
VEAIN
0.975
2.2
0.990
3.3
1.005
4.0
V
[b] [c]
VOUT_DC
V
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN @ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT @ 25°C, 2A < IOUT < 22A
0.10
0.10
76
%
Load Regulation
%
Output Voltage Ripple
Output Current
VOUT_AC
IOUT_DC
IOUT = 20A, COUT = 8 x 100µF, 20MHz BW [d]
mVp-p
[e]
0
22
A
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 230nH inductor.
25.3
A
[b]
Maximum Array Size
Output Current, array of 2
Output Current, array of 3
NPARALLEL
3
Modules
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
0
0
A
A
[g]
[g]
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
Input OVLO Response Time
VUVLO_START
VUVLO_HYS
27.0
2.08
1.25
64.3
1.17
1.25
29.1
2.50
V
V
1.66
µs
V
VOVLO
62
VOVLO_HYS
tf
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
Above set VOUT
0.90
1.60
V
µs
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
VOVP_ABS
20
%
V
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
4.5
5.2
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 8 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Timing
[f] While in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) only,
SYNCI grounded
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
470
500
30
530
kHz
ms
tFR_DLY
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [c] [f]
Synchronization Frequency Range
SYNCI Threshold
fSYNCI
250
4.5
550
kHz
V
VSYNCI
2.5
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
VSYNCO_LO
tSYNCO_RT
tSYNCO_FT
Source 1mA
Sink 1mA
20pF load
20pF load
V
V
SYNCO Low
0.5
SYNCO Rise Time
SYNCO Fall Time
10
10
ns
ns
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK
VTRK_OV
VEAIN_OV
ITRK
0
1.4
60
V
mV
mV
µA
mA
nF
20
50
30
40
80
TRK to EAIN Offset
110
70
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
TRK Capacitance, Internal
Soft-Start Time
50
ITRK_DIS
CTRK_INT
tSS
VTRK = 0.5V
8.7
47
CTRK_EXT = 0µF
0.6
0.94
5.1
0.6
56
1.6
ms
mS
V
[b]
Error Amplifier Trans-Conductance
PSM Skip Threshold
GMEAO
PSMSKIP
CEAIN_INT
ROUT
[b]
EAIN Capacitance, Internal
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Capacitor
Internal Compensation Resistor
pF
[b]
[b]
[b]
1
MΩ
pf
CHF
56
6
RZI
kΩ
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 9 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
16
16
18
20
20
20
22
22
22
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 1 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 4 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
93
91
89
87
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
85
83
81
79
77
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
18
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 2 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 5 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
10
8
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
18
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 3 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 6 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 10 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
12
10
8
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
20
22
22
22
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 7 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 10 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
10
9
91
89
87
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
85
83
81
79
77
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 8 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 11 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
12
10
8
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
6
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
Load Current (A)
48V
VIN:
VIN:
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 9 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 12 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 11 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
8
7
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
20
20
20
22
22
22
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
20
22
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 13 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 16 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 14 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 17 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
20
22
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 15 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 18 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 12 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 19 — Transient Response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs.
Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 22 — Output Short Circuit, Nominal Line
COUT = 8 x 100µF Ceramic
Figure 20 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 23 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
100% load, COUT = 8 x 100µF Ceramic
50% load, COUT = 8 x 100µF Ceramic
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
25
20
15
Notes:
1. SiP is based on VS1 and VIN paths only.
2. Inductor is based on two leads and base
10
with inclusion of GEL 30 interface
resistance (0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K
thermal conductivity).
5
0
1.1
3.3
5.5
7.7
9.9 12.1 14.3 16.5 18.7 20.9
Load Current (A)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Temperature of Isothermal PCB (ºC)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 21 — Switching Frequency vs. Load, Nominal Trim
Figure 24 — System Thermal Specified Operating Area: Max IOUT
at Nominal Trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 13 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3523-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 25 — Output Current vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 28 — Start Up From VIN Applied, Nominal Line, Nominal
Trim, Typical Timing, PI3523
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 26 — Small Signal Modulator Gain vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 29 — Start Up From EN, VIN Pre-Applied, Nominal Line,
Nominal Trim, Typical Timing, PI3523
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 27 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, Nominal Trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 14 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
Input Current
VIN_DC
IIN_DC
30
48
60
V
A
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, IOUT = 20A
Short at terminals
2.28
Input Current At Output Short
(fault condition duty cycle)
IIN_Short
2.3
mA
Input Quiescent Current
Input Quiescent Current
Input Voltage Slew Rate
Input capacitance, Internal
IQ_VIN
IQ_VIN
VIN_SR
CIN_INT
Disabled
0.75
2.5
1.2
1
mA
mA
V/µs
µF
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
Effective value VIN = 48V, 25°C
0.50
Output Specifications
[b]
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
Line Regulation
VEAIN
0.975
4.0
0.990
5.0
1.005
6.5
V
[b] [c]
VOUT_DC
V
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN @ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT @ 25°C, 2A < IOUT < 20A
0.10
0.10
75
%
Load Regulation
%
Output Voltage Ripple
Output Current
VOUT_AC
IOUT_DC
IOUT = 20A, COUT = 12 x 47µF, 20MHz BW [d]
mVp-p
[e]
0
20
A
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 230nH inductor.
23
A
[b]
Maximum Array Size
Output Current, array of 2
Output Current, array of 3
NPARALLEL
3
Modules
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
0
0
A
A
[g]
[g]
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
Input OVLO Response Time
VUVLO_START
VUVLO_HYS
27.0
2.08
1.25
64.3
1.17
1.25
29.1
2.50
V
V
1.66
µs
V
VOVLO
62
VOVLO_HYS
tf
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
Above set VOUT
0.90
1.60
V
µs
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
VOVP_ABS
20
%
V
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
6.7
7.5
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 15 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Timing
[f] While in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) only,
SYNCI grounded
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
564
600
30
636
kHz
ms
tFR_DLY
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [c] [f]
Synchronization Frequency Range
SYNCI Threshold
fSYNCI
300
4.5
660
kHz
V
VSYNCI
2.5
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
VSYNCO_LO
tSYNCO_RT
tSYNCO_FT
Source 1mA
Sink 1mA
20pF load
20pF load
V
V
SYNCO Low
0.5
SYNCO Rise Time
SYNCO Fall Time
10
10
ns
ns
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK
VTRK_OV
VEAIN_OV
ITRK
0
1.4
60
V
mV
mV
µA
mA
nF
20
50
30
40
80
TRK to EAIN Offset
110
70
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
TRK Capacitance, Internal
Soft-Start Time
50
ITRK_DIS
CTRK_INT
tSS
VTRK = 0.5V
8.7
47
CTRK_EXT = 0µF
0.6
0.94
7.6
0.8
56
1.6
ms
mS
V
[b]
Error Amplifier Trans-Conductance
PSM Skip Threshold
GMEAO
PSMSKIP
CEAIN_INT
ROUT
[b]
EAIN Capacitance, Internal
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Capacitor
Internal Compensation Resistor
pF
[b]
[b]
[b]
1
MΩ
pf
CHF
56
5
RZI
kΩ
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 16 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 30 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 33 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
Load Current (A)
VIN:
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 31 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 34 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
Load Current (A)
VIN:
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 32 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 35 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 17 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
VIN:
48V
60V
30V
60V
30V
Figure 36 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 39 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 90ºC
Board Temperature = 90ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 37 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 40 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 90ºC
Board Temperature = 90ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 38 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 41 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 90ºC
Board Temperature = 90ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 18 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
3
2
1
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
18
18
20
20
20
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 42 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 45 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
86
85
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
VIN:
VIN:
30V
60V
30V
60V
Figure 43 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 46 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
3
2
1
86
85
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48V
12
14
16
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 44 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 47 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 19 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 48 — Transient Response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs.
Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 51 — Output Short Circuit, Nominal Line
COUT = 12 x 47µF Ceramic
Figure 49 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 52 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
100% load, COUT = 12 x 47µF Ceramic
50% load, COUT = 12 x 47µF Ceramic
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
625
600
575
550
525
500
475
450
425
400
375
350
325
300
Note:
SiP is based on VIN and VS1 paths
only. Inductor is based on base with
inclusion of GEL 30 interface
resistance (0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K
thermal conductivity), and all leads.
4
2
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Load Current (A)
48VIN
12
14
16
18
20
25
50
75
100
125
Temperature of Isothermal SiP VIN and VS1 pins,
and PCB at Inductor (ºC)
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 50 — Switching Frequency vs. Load, Nominal Trim
Figure 53 — System Thermal Specified Operating Area: Max IOUT
at Nominal Trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 20 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3525-00 (5VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 54 — Output Current vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 57 — Start Up From VIN Applied, Nominal Line, Nominal
Trim, Typical Timing, PI3525
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.8
1
1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 55 — Small Signal Modulator Gain vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 58 — Start Up From EN, VIN Pre-Applied, Nominal Line,
Nominal Trim, Typical Timing, PI3525
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 56 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, Nominal Trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 21 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
Input Current
VIN_DC
IIN_DC
30
48
60
V
A
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, IOUT = 18A
Short at terminals
4.68
Input Current At Output Short
(fault condition duty cycle)
IIN_Short
4.5
mA
Input Quiescent Current
Input Quiescent Current
Input Voltage Slew Rate
Input capacitance, Internal
IQ_VIN
IQ_VIN
VIN_SR
CIN_INT
Disabled
0.75
3.2
1.2
1
mA
mA
V/µs
µF
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
Effective value VIN = 48V, 25°C
0.50
Output Specifications
[b]
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
Line Regulation
VEAIN
0.975
6.5
0.990
12
1.005
14
V
[b] [c]
VOUT_DC
V
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN @ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT @ 25°C, 2A < IOUT < 20A
0.10
0.10
240
%
Load Regulation
%
Output Voltage Ripple
Output Current
VOUT_AC
IOUT_DC
IOUT = 18A, COUT = 8 x 10µF, 20MHz BW [d]
mVp-p
[e]
0
18
A
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 480nH inductor.
20.7
A
[b]
Maximum Array Size
Output Current, array of 2
Output Current, array of 3
NPARALLEL
3
Modules
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [b] see applications section for details
0
0
A
A
[g]
[g]
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
Input OVLO Response Time
VUVLO_START
VUVLO_HYS
27
29.1
2.50
V
V
1.66
2.08
1.25
64.3
1.17
1.25
µs
V
VOVLO
62
VOVLO_HYS
tf
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
Above set VOUT
0.90
1.60
V
µs
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
VOVP_ABS
20
%
V
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
14.6
15.7
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 22 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –40°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Timing
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
[f] While in DCM operating mode only, SYNCI grounded
658
700
30
742
kHz
ms
tFR_DLY
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [c] [f]
Synchronization Frequency Range
SYNCI Threshold
fSYNCI
350
4.5
770
kHz
V
VSYNCI
2.5
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
VSYNCO_LO
tSYNCO_RT
tSYNCO_FT
Source 1mA
Sink 1mA
20pF load
20pF load
V
V
SYNCO Low
0.5
SYNCO Rise Time
SYNCO Fall Time
10
10
ns
ns
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK
VTRK_OV
VEAIN_OV
ITRK
0
1.4
60
V
mV
mV
µA
mA
nF
20
50
30
40
80
TRK to EAIN Offset
110
70
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
TRK Capacitance, Internal
Soft-Start Time
50
ITRK_DIS
CTRK_INT
tSS
VTRK = 0.5V
8.7
47
CTRK_EXT = 0µF
0.6
0.94
7.6
0.8
56
1.6
ms
mS
V
[b]
Error Amplifier Trans-Conductance
PSM Skip Threshold
GMEAO
PSMSKIP
CEAIN-INT
ROUT
[b]
EAIN Capacitance, Internal
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Capacitor
Internal Compensation Resistor
pF
[b]
[b]
[b]
1
MΩ
pf
CHF
56
5
RZI
kΩ
[a] All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI352x evaluation board with 3 x 3"
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[b] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[c] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when VOUT is not set to nominal.
[d] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[e] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[f] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[g] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 23 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
10
9
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 59 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 62 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 60 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 63 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 61 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 64 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Board Temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 24 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
14
12
10
8
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
6
4
2
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 65 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 68 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 66 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 69 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 67 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 70 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Board Temperature = 100ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 25 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2 18
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 71 — System Efficiency, Nominal Trim,
Figure 74 — System Power Dissipation, Nominal Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
30V
60V
Figure 72 — System Efficiency, Low Trim,
Figure 75 — System Power Dissipation, Low Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
Load Current (A)
48V
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
60V
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 73 — System Efficiency, High Trim,
Figure 76 — System Power Dissipation, High Trim,
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Board Temperature = –40ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 26 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 77 — Transient Response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs.
Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 80 — Output Short Circuit, Nominal Line
COUT = 8 x 10µF Ceramic
Figure 78 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
Figure 81 — Output Voltage Ripple: Nominal Line, Nominal Trim,
100% load, COUT = 8 x 10µF Ceramic
50% load, COUT = 8 x 10µF Ceramic
725
650
575
500
425
350
20
18
16
14
12
Note:
SiP is based on VIN and VS1 paths
10
only. Inductor is based on base with
inclusion of GEL 30 interface
8
resistance (0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K
thermal conductivity), and all leads.
6
4
2
0
1.8
3.6
5.4
7.2
9
10.8 12.6 14.4 16.2
18
25
50
75
100
125
Load Current (A)
Temperature of Isothermal SiP VIN and VS1 pins,
and PCB at Inductor (ºC)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 79 — Switching Frequency vs. Load, Nominal Trim
Figure 82 — System Thermal Specified Operating Area: Max IOUT
at Nominal Trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 27 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
PI3526-00 (12VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1
1.2
1.4 1.6 1.8
2
2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 83 — Output Current vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 86 — Start Up From VIN Applied, Nominal Line, Nominal
Trim, Typical Timing, PI3526
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.8
1
1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 84 — Small Signal Modulator Gain vs. VEAO, Nominal Trim
Figure 87 — Start Up From EN, VIN Pre-Applied, Nominal Line,
Nominal Trim, Typical Timing, PI3526
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
VEAO (V)
48VIN
30VIN
60VIN
Figure 85 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, Nominal Trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 28 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Soft Start
Functional Description
The PI352x-00 includes an internal soft-start capacitor to
control the rate of rise of the output voltage. See the Electrical
Characteristics Section for the default value. Connecting an
external capacitor from the TRK pin to SGND will increase the
start-up ramp period. See, “Soft Start Adjustment and Track,” in
the Applications Description section for more details.
The PI352x-00 is a family of highly integrated ZVS Buck
regulators. The PI352x-00 has an output voltage that can be set
within a prescribed range shown in Table 1. Performance and
maximum output current are characterized with a specific external
power inductor (see Table 3).
Output Voltage Selection
The PI352x-00 output voltage is set with REA1 and REA2 as
shown in Figure 88. Table 1 defines the allowable operational
voltage ranges for the PI352x-00 family. Refer to the Output
Voltage Set Point Application Description for details.
L1
VIN
VS1
VOUT
VSP
VIN
VOUT
CIN
COUT
ZVS-Buck
PGND
VDR
VSN
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
VDIFF
TRK
REA1
REA2
EAIN
EAO
Output Voltage
Device
TESTx
SGND
COMP
Nom.
3.3V
5.0V
Range
CCOMP
PI3523-00-LGIZ
PI3525-00-LGIZ
PI3526-00-LGIZ
2.2 – 4.0V
4.0 – 6.5V
–
6.5 14V
12V
Figure 88 — ZVS Buck with required components
Table 1 — PI352x-00 family output voltage ranges
For basic operation, Figure 88 shows the connections
and components required. No additional design or
settings are required.
Output Current Limit Protection
The PI352x-00 has a current limit protection, which prevents
the output from sourcing current higher than the regulator’s
maximum rated current. If the output current exceeds the
Current Limit (IOUT_CL) for 1024µs, a slow current limit fault is
initiated and the regulator is shutdown which eliminates output
current flow. After Fault Restart Delay (tFR_DLY), a soft-start cycle
is initiated. This restart cycle will be repeated indefinitely until the
excessive load is removed.
ENABLE (EN)
EN is the enable pin of the converter. The EN Pin is referenced
to SGND and permits the user to turn the regulator on or off.
The EN default polarity is a positive logic assertion. If the EN pin
is left floating or asserted high, the converter output is enabled.
Pulling EN pin below VEN_LO with respect to SGND will disable the
regulator output.
The PI352x-00 also has short circuit protection which can
immediately stop switching to protect against catastrophic failure
of an external component such as a saturated inductor. If short
circuit protection is triggered the PI352x-00 will complete the
current cycle and stop switching. The module will attempt to soft
start after Fault Restart Delay (tFR_DLY).
Remote Sensing
If remote sensing is required, the PI352x-00 product family
is equipped with a general purpose op-amp. This amplifier
can allow full differential remote sense by configuring it as a
differential follower and connecting the VDIFF pin to the EAIN pin.
Input Undervoltage Lockout
If VIN falls below the input Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
threshold, but remains high enough to power the internal bias
supply, the PI352x-00 will complete the current cycle and stop
switching. The system will soft start once the input voltage is
reestablished and after the Fault Restart Delay.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 29 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Input Overvoltage Lockout
Pulse Skip Mode (PSM)
If VIN exceeds the input Overvoltage Lockout (OVLO) threshold
(VOVLO), while the controller is running, the PI352x-00 will
complete the current cycle and stop switching. If VIN remains
above OVLO for at least tFR_DLY, then the input voltage is
considered reestablished once VIN goes below VOVLO-VOVLO_HYS
If VIN goes below OVLO before tFR_DLY elapses, then the input
PI352x-00 features a Pulse Skip Mode (PSM) to achieve high
efficiency at light loads. The regulators are setup to skip pulses
if EAO falls below a PSM threshold (PSMSKIP). Depending on
conditions and component values, this may result in single pulses
or several consecutive pulses followed by skipped pulses. Skipping
cycles significantly reduces gate drive power and improves light
load efficiency. The regulator will leave PSM once the EAO rises
above the Pulse Skip Mode threshold.
.
voltage is considered reestablished once VIN goes below VOVLO
.
The system will soft start once the input voltage is reestablished
and after the Fault Restart Delay.
Variable Frequency Operation
Output Overvoltage Protection
Each PI352x-00 is preprogrammed to a base operating frequency,
with respect to the power stage inductor (see Table 2), to operate
at peak efficiency across line and load variations. At low line
and high load applications, the base frequency will decrease to
accommodate these extreme operating ranges. By stretching
the frequency, the ZVS operation is preserved throughout
the total input line voltage range therefore maintaining
optimum efficiency.
The PI352x-00 family is equipped with output Overvoltage
Protection (OVP) to prevent damage to input voltage sensitive
devices. If the output voltage exceeds VOVP-REL or VOVP-ABS, the
regulator will complete the current cycle and stop switching. The
system will resume operation once the output voltage falls below
the OVP threshold and after Fault Restart Delay.
Overtemperature Protection
Thermal Characteristics
The PI352x features an over temperature protection (OTP), which
will not engage until after the product is operated above the
maximum rated temperature. The OTP circuit is only designed to
protect against catastrophic failure due to excessive temperatures
and should not be relied upon to ensure the device stays within
the recommended operating temperature range. Thermal
shutdown terminates switching and discharges the soft-start
capacitor. The PI352x will restart after the excessive temperature
has decreased by 30ºC
Figure 89(a) and 83(c) thermal impedance models that can predict
the maximum temperature of the hottest component for a given
operating condition. This model assumes that all customer PCB
connections are at one temperature, which is PCB equivalent
Temperature TPCB °C.
The SiP model can be simplified as shown in Figure 89(b). which
assumes all PCB nodes are at the same temperature.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 30 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Maximum SiP Internal Temperature
INT ( oC )
T
Thermal Resistance
SiP Case Top
Thermal Resistances
θINT-VIN
oC / W
θINT-VS1
oC / W
θINT-PGND1 θINT-PGND2
θINT-SGND
oC / W
oC / W
oC / W
SiP PCB Pads
θINT-TOP oC / W
SiP Power
Dissipaꢁon
PDSiP (W)
SiP Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
TVS1
oC
TPGND2
oC
TVIN
oC
TPGND1
oC
TSGND
oC
SiP PCB Pad
Temperatures
(a)
Maximum SiP Internal Temperature
TINT ( oC )
Thermal Resistance
SiP PCB Equivalent
θINT-PCB oC / W
Thermal Resistance
SiP Case Top
SiP Power
Dissipaꢀon
PDSIP (W)
θINT-TOP oC / W
SiP PCB Common
Temperature
TPCB oC
Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
(b)
Maximum Inductor Internal Temperature
TINT ( oC )
Thermal Resistance
Thermal Resistance
Inductor Case Boꢀom
θINT-BOTTOM oC / W
Thermal Resistances
Inductor PCB Pads
θINT-TAB
oC / W
θINT-LEAD2
θINT-LEAD1
oC / W
oC / W
Inductor Case Top
θINT-TOP oC / W
Inductor Power
Dissipaꢀon
PDIND (W)
Inductor Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
Inductor Case Boꢀom
Temperature
TVS1
oC
TVOUT
oC
Inductor PCB Pad
Temperatures
TTAB
oC
TBOTTOM oC
(c)
Figure 89 — PI352x-00 Thermal model (a), SiP simplified version (b) and inductor thermal model (c)
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 31 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Where the symbol in Figure 89(a) and (b) is defined as the following:
θINT-TOP the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the top side
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the customer PCB, assuming all pins are
θINT-PCB
θINT-VIN
θINT-VS1
at one temperature.
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board VIN pads.
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board VS1 pads.
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board at the PGND1 pads.
PGND1 is pins 12A-K.
θINT-PGND1
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board at the PGND2 pads .
PGND2 is pins 2F-J, 3F-J, 4C-J, 5B-J and 6C-K.
θINT-PGND2
θINT-SGND
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board at the SGND pads.
Where the symbol in Figure 89(c) is defined as the following:
θINT-TOP
θINT-BOT
θINT-TAB
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the top surface of the core.
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the bottom surface of the core.
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the metal mounting tab on the core body, if applicable.
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to one of the mounting leads.
Since the leads are the same thermal impedance, there is no need to specify by explicit pin number.
θINT-LEAD1
θINT-LEAD2
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the other mounting lead.
The following equation can predict the junction temperature
based on the heat load applied to the SiP and the known ambient
conditions with the simplified thermal circuit model:
TTOP
TPCB
θINT-PCB
1
PD +
+
θINT-TOP
TINT
=
(1)
1
+
θINT-TOP
θINT-PCB
Simplified SiP
Thermal Impedances
Detailed SiP Thermal Impedances
Product
System
θINT-TOP
θINT-PCB
θINT-TOP
θINT-VIN
θINT-VS1
θINT-PGND1
θINT-PGND2
θINT-SGND
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
PI3523
PI3525
PI3526
0.98
1.477
1.79
69.9
68.7
3.43
3.34
3.40
1.74
3.76
5.75
9.81
22.61
23.80
27.45
19.78
26.65
86.72
58.78
86.44
69.9
68.7
108
108.25
Table 2 — PI352x-00 SiP Thermal Impedance
Effective Thermal Impedances
Inductor Part
Number
Product
System
θINT-TOP
θINT-LEAD1, θINT-LEAD2
θINT-BOTTOM
θINT-TAB
(°C / W)
11.01
8.75
(°C / W)
9.42
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
n/a
PI3523
PI3525
PI3526
FP2207R1-R230-R
FP2207R1-R230-R
6.87
5.99
9.54
n/a
HCV1707R1-R48-R
65.41
17.74
20.46
703
Table 3 — Inductor effective thermal model parameters
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 32 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
SiP Power Dissipation as Percentage of Total System Losses
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
30
35
40
45
VIN (V)
50
55
60
60
60
IOUT
:
<5% Rated Load
30% Rated Load
100% Rated Load
Figure 90 — PI3523-00-LGIZ
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
35
40
45
VIN (V)
50
55
IOUT
:
<5% Rated Load
30% Rated Load
100% Rated Load
Figure 91 — PI3525-00-LGIZ
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
30
35
40
45
50
55
VIN (V)
IOUT
:
<5% Rated Load
30% Rated Load
100% Rated Load
Figure 92 — PI3526-00-LGIZ
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 33 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
minimum absolute OVP, provided the value does not exceed
Application Description
6V. For start up into loads which are pre-biased above 6V, an
ORing FET or equivalent sub-circuit is required to decouple the
buck output from the load during start up. In any application
with a CV type load, the regulator must be configured in a
constant-current mode of operation; the built-in current limit is a
fault protection only.
Output Voltage Set Point
The PI352x-00 family of Buck Regulators utilizes VREF, an internal
reference for regulating the output voltage. The output voltage
setting is accomplished using external resistors as shown in
Figure 93. Select R2 to be at or around 1kΩ for best noise
immunity. Use Equations 2 and 3 to determine the proper value
based on the desired output voltage.
There is typically either proportional or direct tracking
implemented within a design. For proportional tracking between
several regulators at start up, simply connect all PI352x-00 device
TRK pins together. This type of tracking will force all connected
regulators to start up and reach regulation at the same time
(see Figure 94a).
VOUT
R1
VOUT
1
EAIN
-
+
CEAIN-INT
V
OUT 2
VREF
R2
EAO
(a)
CHF
RZI
Master VOUT
COMP
VOUT
2
(b)
t
Figure 93 — External resistor divider network
R1 + R2
Figure 94 — PI352x-00 tracking responses
VOUT = VREF
R1 = R2 •
•
(2)
(3)
R2
For Direct Tracking, choose the PI352x-00 with the highest output
voltage as the master and connect the master to the TRK pin of
the other PI352x-00 regulators through a divider (Figure 95) with
the same ratio as the slave’s feedback divider.
V
OUT – VREF
VREF
where VREF = VEAIN
Master VOUT
Note: When using the above method of trimming by adjusting the value
of R1, the compensation of the control loops is modified and additional
Cout may be needed depending on the model. When the PI3526-00-LGIZ
is trimmed below 10V, the effective COUT must be at least 120µF, including
tolerance and voltage coefficient.
R1
PI352x
TRK
Soft Start Adjust and Tracking
Slave
R2
The TRK pin offers a means to increase the regulator’s soft-start
time or to track with additional regulators. The soft-start slope
is controlled by an internal capacitor and a fixed charge current
to provide a Soft-Start Time tSS for all PI352x-00 regulators.
By adding an additional external capacitor to the TRK pin, the
soft-start time can be increased further. The following equation
can be used to calculate the proper capacitor for a desired
soft-start time in excess of tSS:
SGND
Figure 95 — Voltage divider connections for direct tracking
All connected PI352x-00 regulator soft-start slopes will track
with this method. Direct tracking timing is demonstrated in
Figure 94b. All tracking regulators should have their Enable (EN)
pins connected together to work properly.
CTRK = (tTRK • ITRK )– CTRK_INT
(4)
where tTRK is the soft-start time and ITRK is a 50µA internal charge
current (see Electrical Characteristics for limits).
In applications such as battery or super-capacitor charging
where the load is pre-biased, the PI352x can start into output
voltages up to the externally applied trim set point, or the
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 34 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Inductor Pairing
Parallel Operation
Multiple PI352x-00 can be connected in parallel to increase
the output capability of a single output rail. When connecting
modules in parallel, each EAO, TRK, and EN pin should be
connected together. EAIN pins should remain separated, each
with an REA1 and REA2, to reject noise differences between
different modules' SGND pins. Current sharing will occur
automatically in this manner so long as each inductor is the same
value. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics table for maximum
array size and array rated output current. Current sharing may be
considered independent of synchronization and/or interleaving.
Modules do not have to be interleaved or synchronized
to share current.
The PI352x-00 utilizes an external inductor. This inductor has
been optimized for maximum efficiency performance. Table 3
details the specific inductor value and part number utilized for
each PI352x-00.
Value
(nH)
Max Operating
Temp (°C)
Product
System
MFR
Part Number
PI3523
PI3525
PI3526
230
230
480
Eaton FP2207R1-R230-R
Eaton FP2207R1-R230-R
125
125
125
Eaton
HCV1707R1-R48-R
Table 4 — PI352x-00 Inductor pairing
Due to the high output current capability of a single module and
Critical Conduction Mode (CrCM) occurring at approximately
50% rated load, interleaving is not supported.
The same inductor model may have different effective thermal
impedances, depending on the model ZVS Buck paired with
it. The thermal impedances are used in a virtual model of the
inductor to estimate the maximum temperature, and the location
of the maximum temperature may vary depending on the
ZVS Buck model that the inductor is used with. This is because the
effective thermal impedances are not only based on the geometry
and materials used in the inductor, but include how the inductor
power dissipation is distributed among core losses, DC copper
losses, and AC copper losses. This distribution is dependent on
the ZVS buck model that uses the inductor.
Use of the PI352x-00 SYNCI pin is practical only under a limited
set of conditions. Synchronizing to another converter or to a fixed
external clock source can result in a significant reduction in output
power capability or higher than expected ripple.
Filter Considerations
The PI352x-00 requires low impedance ceramic input capacitors
(X7R/X5R or equivalent) to ensure proper start up and high
frequency decoupling for the power stage. The PI352x-00
will draw nearly all of the high frequency current from the
low impedance ceramic capacitors when the main high side
MOSFET(s) are conducting. During the time the MOSFET(s) are off,
the input capacitors are replenished from the source.
Table 6 shows the recommended input and output capacitors
to be used for the PI352x-00 as well as per capacitor RMS ripple
current and the input and output ripple voltages. Table 5 lists the
recommended input and output ceramic capacitors manufacturer
and part numbers. It is very important to verify that the voltage
supply source as well as the interconnecting lines are stable and
do not oscillate.
L1_1
VIN
VS1
VOUT
VSP
VSN
VDIFF
TRK
EAIN
EAO
COMP
VIN
EN
VOUT
CIN_1
COUT_1
ZVS-Buck
#1
PGND
VDR
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
REA1_1
REA2_1
TRK
EAO
TESTx
SGND
CCOMP_1
L1_2
VIN
VS1
VOUT
VSP
VSN
VDIFF
TRK
EAIN
EAO
COMP
VIN
EN
VOUT
CIN_2
COUT_2
ZVS-Buck
Input Filter Case 1 — Inductive source and local, external,
input decoupling capacitance with negligible ESR
(i.e., ceramic type):
PGND
VDR
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
#2
REA1_2
REA2_2
TRK
EAO
TESTx
SGND
The voltage source impedance can be modeled as a series
Rline Lline circuit. The high performance ceramic decoupling
capacitors will not significantly damp the network because
of their low ESR; therefore in order to guarantee stability the
following conditions must be verified:
CCOMP_2
Figure 96 — PI352x-00 parallel operation
Lline
Rline
>
(5)
CIN_INT + CIN_EXT • rEQ_IN
(
)
Rline << rEQ_IN
(6)
Where rEQ_IN can be calculated by dividing the lowest line voltage
by the full load input current. It is critical that the line source
impedance be at least an octave lower than the converter’s
dynamic input resistance, Equation 6. However, Rline cannot
be made arbitrarily low otherwise Equation 5 is violated and
the system will show instability, due to an under-damped
RLC input network.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 35 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Input Filter case 2 — Inductive source and local, external
input decoupling capacitance with significant RCIN_EXT ESR
(i.e., electrolytic type):
2. No direct connection is allowed. Any noise source that can
disturb the VDR voltage can also affect the internal controller
operation. A series impedance is required between the VDR pin
and any external circuitry.
In order to simplify the analysis in this case, the voltage source
impedance can be modeled as a simple inductor Lline
.
3. All loads must be locally de-coupled using a 0.1µF ceramic
capacitor. This capacitor must be connected to the VDR output
through a series resistor no smaller than 1kΩ, which forms a
low-pass filter.
Notice that the high performance ceramic capacitors CIN_INT
within the PI352x-00 should be included in the external
electrolytic capacitance value for this purpose. The stability
criteria will be:
Additional System Design Considerations
1. Inductive loads: As with all power electronic applications,
consideration must be given to driving inductive loads that
may be exposed to a fault in the system which could result
in consequences beyond the scope of the power supply
primary protection mechanisms. An inductive load could be a
filter, fan motor or even excessively long cables. Consider an
instantaneous short circuit through an un-damped inductance
that occurs when the output capacitors are already at an
initial condition of fully charged. The only thing that limits the
current is the inductance of the short circuit and any series
resistance. Even if the power supply is off at the time of the
short circuit, the current could ramp up in the external inductor
and store considerable energy. The release of this energy will
result in considerable ringing, with the possibility of ringing
nodes connected to the output voltage below ground. The
system designer should plan for this by considering the use
of other external circuit protection such as load switches,
fuses, and transient voltage protectors. The inductive filters
should be critically damped to avoid excessive ringing or
damaging voltages. Adding a high current Schottky diode
from the output voltage to PGND close to the PI352x-00 is
recommended for these applications.
rEQ_IN > RC
(7)
IN_EXT
Lline
< rEQ_IN
(8)
CIN_INT • RC
IN_EXT
Equation 8 shows that if the aggregate ESR is too small – for
example by using very high quality input capacitors (CIN_EXT) – the
system will be under-damped and may even become destabilized.
As noted, an octave of design margin in satisfying Equation 7
should be considered the minimum. When applying an electrolytic
capacitor for input filter damping the ESR value must be chosen to
avoid loss of converter efficiency and excessive power dissipation
in the electrolytic capacitor.
VDR Bias Regulator
The VDR internal bias regulator is a ZVS switching regulator that
resides internal to the PI352x-00 SiP. It is intended primarily to
power the internal controller and driver circuitry. The power
capability of this regulator is sized for the PI352x-00, with
adequate reserve for the application it was intended for.
2. Low voltage operation: There is no isolation from an SELV
(Safety-Extra-Low-Voltage) power system. Powering low
voltage loads from input voltages as high as 60V may require
additional consideration to protect low voltage circuits from
excessive voltage in the event of a short circuit from input to
output. A fast TVS (transient voltage suppressor) gating an
external load switch is an example of such protection.
It may be used for as a pullup source for open collector
applications and for other very low power uses with the
following restrictions:
1. The total external loading on VDR must be less than IVDR
.
Manufacturer
Murata
Part Number
Value
100µF
47µF
Description
GRM32EC80J107ME20
GRM32ER71A476KE15
GRM32ER72A225KA35
GRM32DR71E106MA12
100µF 6.3V 1210 X6S
47µF 10V 1210 X7R
2.2µF 100V 1210 X7R
10µF 25V 1210 X7R
Murata
Murata
2.2µF
10µF
Murata
Table 5 — Recommended input and output capacitor components
Transient
CIN
Ripple
Current
COUT
Ripple
Current
(IRMS)
Load
Step
(% Rating)
(1A/µs)
Load
Current
(A)
VIN
Ripple
(mVpp)
VOUT
Ripple
(mVpp)
Deviation
Excluding
Ripple
VOUT
Recovery
Time (µs)
Product
CIN
COUT
(IRMS
)
(mVpk)
10 x
2.2µF
PI3523
PI3525
PI3526
22
20
18
8 x 100µF
12 x 47µF
8 x 10µF
7.3
16.1
14
900
960
700
75
75
50 – 100
50 – 100
50 – 100
110
160
260
<80
<80
<80
10 x
2.2µF
8.0
10 x
2.2µF
10.1
11
210
Table 6 — Recommended input and output capacitor quantity and performance at nominal line, nominal trim.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 36 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Layout Guidelines
To optimize maximum efficiency and low noise performance
from a PI352x-00 design, layout considerations are necessary.
Reducing trace resistance and minimizing high current loop
returns along with proper component placement will contribute
to optimized performance.
VIN
CIN
A typical buck converter circuit is shown in Figure 97. The
potential areas of high parasitic inductance and resistance are the
circuit return paths, shown as LR below.
COUT
Figure 99 — Current flow: Q2 closed
VIN
Figure 100 illustrates the tight path between CIN and COUT
(and VIN and VOUT) for the high AC return current. The
PI352x-00 evaluation board uses a layout optimized for
performance in this way.
CIN
COUT
Figure 97 — Typical Buck Regulator
The path between the COUT and CIN capacitors is of particular
importance since the AC currents are flowing through both of
them when Q1 is turned on. Figure 98, schematically, shows the
reduced trace length between input and output capacitors. The
shorter path lessens the effects that copper trace parasitics can
have on the PI352x-00 performance.
PGND
VOUT
Inductor
VS1
ZVS-
Buck
SIP
VIN
VIN
CIN
PGND
COUT
Figure 100 — Recommended layout for Optimized AC Current
within the SiP, Inductor, and Ceramic Input and
Output Capacitors
Figure 98 — Current flow: Q1 closed
When Q1 is on and Q2 is off, the majority of CIN’s current is used
to satisfy the output load and to recharge the COUT capacitors.
When Q1 is off and Q2 is on, the load current is supplied by the
inductor and the COUT capacitor as shown in Figure 99. During
this period CIN is also being recharged by the VIN. Minimizing CIN
loop inductance is important to reduce peak voltage excursions
when Q1 turns off. Also, the difference in area between the CIN
loop and COUT loop is vital to minimize switching and GND noise.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 37 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Recommended PCB Footprint and Stencil
E1
D1
L
D1
E1
L
Recommended receiving footprint for PI352x-00 10 x 14mm package. All pads should have a final copper size of 0.55 x 0.55mm,
whether they are solder-mask defined or copper defined, on a 1 x 1mm grid. All stencil openings are 0.45mm when using either a
5mil or 6mil stencil.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 38 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Package Drawings
E1
A
K
G
E
D
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
D
D1
8
9
1
10
11
12
13
14
E
DETAIL B
1
DETAIL A
M
M
A
L
2
L1
M
M
A
DETAIL B
SCALE 36 : 1
3
A2
A
A
A1
A2
SEATING PLANE
METALLIZED
PAD
A1
SOLDER MASK
L
D
E
D1
E1
DETAIL A
L1
AND POSITION
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 39 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
Revision History
Revision
1.0
Date
Description
Page Number(s)
01/20/17
02/21/17
03/01/17
Initial Release
n/a
All
1.1
Full data sheet release
Update Figures 1-18
1.2
10-12
Part number PI3526-00-LGIZ added
1-3, 15-22, 25-27, 30
Correct DIFF AMP Slew Rate
Correct OVLO-Hyst specs
7
8
1.3
1.4
06/06/17
09/07/17
Typo correction
9
Update PI3525-00 System Thermal Specified Operating Area
Update recommendations for Parallel Operation connections
Table 6: clarify heading, update PI3525 typical performance
13
28
29
Clarified conditions where PI3526 can start into prebiased VOUT
Clarified conditions for EN bias
Part number PI3523-00-LGIZ added
Simplified current limit specs
1, 34
7
8-15, 29, 32-33, 35-36
8, 15, 22
21
Added new Figure 54
Updated inductor pairing
35
Updated features & benefits
1
Corrected typo in ESD rating name
Clarified block diagram
3
4
Updated pin descriptions
5
Updated package pinout
6
Updated evaluation board size in note
Added start-up wave forms (figures 28, 29, 57, 58, 86, 87)
Corrected PI3526 OVP specification
Corrected PI3526 –40ºC system efficiency chart (figure 71)
Updated output voltage selection description
Updated Overtemperature Protection description
Updated thermal model
7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, 23
1.5
03/13/18
14, 21, 28
22
26
29
30
31, 32
38, 39
Updated mechanical drawings
Please note: Pages added in Revs 1.3 and 1.4.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 40 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
PI352x-00
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Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 41 of 41
Rev 1.5
03/2018
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