TMP17GSZ [ADI]
Low Cost, Current Output Temperature Transducer;
| 型号： | TMP17GSZ |
| 厂家： | 
ADI |
| 描述： | Low Cost, Current Output Temperature Transducer 传感器 换能器 |
| 文件： | 总9页 (文件大小：595K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
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Last Content Update: 02/23/2017
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DOCUMENTATION
Application Notes
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• AN-348: Avoiding Passive-Component Pitfalls
Data Sheet
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• TMP17: Low Cost, Current Output Temperature
Transducer Data Sheet
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DESIGN RESOURCES
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• Symbols and Footprints
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(V = 5.0 V, –40؇C ≤ T ≤ 105؇C, unless otherwise noted.)
TMP17F/G–SPECIFICATIONS
S
A
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
ACCURACY
TMP17F
TMP17G
TMP17F
TA = 25؇C1
TA = 25؇C1
Over Rated Temperature
Over Rated Temperature
2.5
3.5
3.5
4.5
؇C
؇C
؇C
؇C
TMP17G
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
4 V < VS < 5 V
5 V < VS < 15 V
15 V < VS < 30 V
Nonlinearity
PSRR
PSRR
PSRR
0.5
0.3
0.3
؇C/V
؇C/V
؇C/V
؇C
Over Rated Temperature2
0.5
OUTPUT
Nominal Current Output
Scale Factor
Repeatability
Long Term Stability
TA = 25؇C (298.2 K)
Over Rated Temperature
Note 3
298.2
1
0.2
0.2
µA
µA/؇C
؇C
TA = 150؇C for 500 Hrs4
؇C/month
POWER SUPPLY
Supply Range
+VS
4
30
V
NOTES
1An external calibration trim can be used to zero the error @ 25؇C.
2Defined as the maximum deviation from a mathematically best fit line.
3Maximum deviation between 25؇C readings after a temperature cycle between –40؇C and +105؇C. Errors of this type are noncumulative.
4Operation at 150؇C. Errors of this type are noncumulative.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
METALLIZATION DIAGRAM
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Maximum Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 V
Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . –40؇C to +105؇C
62mils
Maximum Forward Voltage (1 to 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 V
V+
Maximum Reverse Voltage (2 to 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 V
Dice Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175؇C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65؇C to +160؇C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300؇C
37mils
*Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause perma-
V–
nent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation at
or above this specification is not implied. Exposure to the above maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
TEMPERATURE SCALE CONVERSION EQUATIONS
ORDERING GUIDE
K
+223؇
–50؇
+273؇ +298؇ +323؇
+373؇
+100؇
+423؇
+150؇
؇C
0؇
+25؇
+50؇
Max Cal Max Error Nonlinearity
Error
–40؇C to
–40؇C to
+105؇C
Package
Option
Model
@ +25؇C +105؇C
؇F –100؇
0؇
+100؇
+70؇
+200؇
+212؇
K = ؇C + 273.15
+300؇
+32؇
TMP17FS 2.5؇C
TMP17GS 3.5؇C
3.5؇C
4.5؇C
0.5؇C
0.5؇C
R-8
R-8
5
9
9
5
؇C = (؇F – 32)
؇F = ؇C + 32
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the
TMP17 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices
subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended
to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
–2–
REV. A
Typical Performance Characteristics–TMP17
6
5
500
CONSTANT I
UPTO 30V
OUT
450
400
350
300
250
MAX LIMIT
V+ = +5V
4
I
= 378A
OUT
3
1
2
I
= 298A
= 233A
OUT
1
2
3
I
OUT
0
T
= +105؇C
A
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
200
150
T
= +25؇C
A
4
5
100
50
T
= –40؇C
A
MIN LIMIT
75
0
–50
–25
0
25
50
100
125
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TEMPERATURE – ؇C
SUPPLY VOLTAGE – V
TPC 1. Accuracy vs. Temperature
TPC 4. V-I Characteristics
100
90
2µs
V+ = +5V
80
70
60
50
SOIC PACKAGE
SOLDERED TO
0.5"
؋
0.3" Cu PCB 100
90
V
R
= 0VTO 5V
= 1k⍀
= 25؇C
IN
L
T
A
40
30
10
0%
20
10
0
200mV
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
TIME – sec
TPC 2. Thermal Response in Stirred Oil Bath
TPC 5. Output Turn-On Settling Time
60
TRANSITION FROM ؉100؇C STIRRED
BATHTO FORCED ؉25؇C AIR
50
40
30
20
10
0
V؉ = ؉5V
SOIC PACKAGE SOLDERED
TO 0.5“
؋
0.3” Cu PCB 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
AIR VELOCITY – FPM
TPC 3. Thermal Time Constant in Forced Air
REV. A
–3–
TMP17
THEORY OF OPERATION
0.2
0.1
The TMP17 uses a fundamental property of silicon transistors
to realize its temperature proportional output. If two identical
transistors are operated at a constant ratio of collector current
densities, r, then the difference in base-emitter voltages will be
(kT/q)(ln r). Since both k, Boltzmann’s constant, and q, the
charge of an electron, are constant, the resulting voltage is
directly Proportional to Absolute Temperature (PTAT). In the
TMP17, this difference voltage is converted to a PTAT current
by low temperature coefficient thin film resistors. This PTAT
current is then used to force the total output current to be pro-
portional to degrees Kelvin. The result is a current source with
an output equal to a scale factor times the temperature (K) of
the sensor. A typical V-I plot of the circuit at 125؇C and the
temperature extremes is shown in TPC 4.
TYPICAL NONLINEARITY
0
–0.1
–0.2
–0.3
–40 –25
0
25
70
105
TEMPERATURE – ؇C
Factory trimming of the scale factor to 1 µA/K is accomplished at
the wafer level by adjusting the TMP17’s temperature reading
so it corresponds to the actual temperature. During laser trim-
ming, the IC is at a temperature within a few degrees of 25؇C
and is powered by a 5 V supply. The device is then packaged and
automatically temperature tested to specification.
Figure 2. Nonlinearity Error
TRIMMING FOR HIGHER ACCURACY
Calibration error at 25؇C can be removed with a single tem-
perature trim. Figure 3 shows how to adjust the TMP17’s scale
factor in the basic voltage output circuit.
FACTORS AFFECTING TMP17 SYSTEM PRECISION
The accuracy limits in the Specifications table make the TMP17
easy to apply in a variety of diverse applications. To calculate a
total error budget in a given system, it is important to correctly
interpret the accuracy specifications, nonlinearity errors, the
response of the circuit to supply voltage variations, and the effect
of the surrounding thermal environment. As with other electronic
designs, external component selection will have a major effect
on accuracy.
+V
+
TMP17
–
+
R
100⍀
V
= 1mV/K
OUT
950⍀
–
Figure 3. Basic Voltage Output (Single Temperature Trim)
CALIBRATION ERROR, ABSOLUTE ACCURACY, AND
NONLINEARITY SPECIFICATIONS
To trim the circuit, the temperature must be measured by a refer-
ence sensor and the value of R should be adjusted so the output
(VOUT) corresponds to 1 mV/K. Note that the trim procedure
should be implemented as close as possible to the temperature
for which highest accuracy is desired. In most applications, if a
single temperature trim is desired, it can be implemented where
the TMP17 current-to-output voltage conversion takes place
(e.g., output resistor, offset to an op amp). Figure 4 illustrates
the effect on total error when using this technique.
Two primary limits of error are given for the TMP17 such that
the correct grade for any given application can easily be chosen
for the overall level of accuracy required. They are the calibration
accuracy at +25؇C and the error over temperature from –40؇C
to +105؇C. These specifications correspond to the actual error
the user would see if the current output of a TMP17 were
converted to a voltage with a precision resistor. Note that the
maximum error at room temperature or over an extended range,
including the boiling point of water, can be read directly from
the Specifications table. The error limits are a combination of
initial error, scale factor variation, and nonlinearity deviation
from the ideal 1 µA/K output. TPC 1 graphically depicts the
guaranteed limits of accuracy for a TMP17GS.
1.0
ACCURACY
WITHOUTTRIM
0.5
The TMP17 has a highly linear output in comparison to older
technology sensors (i.e., thermistors, RTDs, and thermocouples),
thus a nonlinearity error specification is separated from the
absolute accuracy given over temperature. As a maximum deviation
from a best-fit straight line, this specification represents the only
error that cannot be trimmed out. Figure 2 is a plot of typical
TMP17 nonlinearity over the full rated temperature range.
0
AFTER SINGLE
TEMPERATURE
CALIBRATION
–0.5
–1.0
–40 –25
0
25
105
TEMPERATURE – ؇C
Figure 4. Effect of Scale Factor Trim on Accuracy
–4–
REV. A
TMP17
If greater accuracy is desired, initial calibration and scale factor
errors can be removed by using the TMP17 in the circuit of
Figure 5.
under several conditions. Table I shows how the magnitude of
self-heating error varies relative to the environment. In typical
free air applications at 25؇C with a 5 V supply, the magnitude of
the error is 0.2؇C or less. A small glued-on heat sink will reduce
the temperature error in high temperature, large supply voltage
situations.
R2
5k⍀
97.6k⍀
+5V
R1
1k⍀
8.66k⍀
7.87k⍀
REF43
Table I. Thermal Characteristics
+
OP196
V
= 100mV/؇C
OUT
+
–
Medium
JA (؇C/W)
(sec)*
–
TMP17
Still Air
Moving Air @ 500 FPM
Fluorinert Liquid
158
60
35
52
10
2
V–
Figure 5. Two Temperature Trim Circuit
* is an average of one time constant (63.2% of final value). In cases where the
thermal response is not a simple exponential function, the actual thermal
response may be better than indicated.
With the transducer at 0؇C, adjustment of R1 for a 0 V output
nulls the initial calibration error and shifts the output from K to ؇C.
Tweaking the gain of the circuit at an elevated temperature by
adjusting R2 trims out scale factor error. The only error remaining
over the temperature range being trimmed for is nonlinearity.
A typical plot of two trim accuracy is given in Figure 6.
Response of the TMP17 output to abrupt changes in ambient
temperature can be modeled by a single time constant expo-
nential function. TPC 2 and TPC 3 show typical response time
plots for media of interest.
0.2
The time constant, , is dependent on JA and on the thermal
capacities of the chip and the package. Table I lists the effective
(time to reach 63.2% of the final value) for several different
media. Copper printed circuit board connections will sink or
conduct heat directly through the TMP17’s soldered leads.
When faster response is required, a thermally conductive grease
or glue between the TMP17 and the surface temperature being
measured should be used.
0.1
0
–0.1
–0.2
–0.3
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
If the TMP17 is thermally attached and properly protected, it can
be used in any temperature measuring situation where the maxi-
mum range of temperatures encountered is between –40؇C and
+105؇C. Thermally conductive epoxy or glue is recommended
under typical mounting conditions. In wet environments, conden-
sation at cold temperatures can cause leakage current related errors
and should be avoided by sealing the device in nonconductive
epoxy paint or conformal coating.
–40 –25
0
25
75
105
TEMPERATURE – ؇C
Figure 6. Typical Two Trim Accuracy
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND THERMAL ENVIRONMENT
EFFECTS
APPLICATIONS
The power supply rejection characteristics of the TMP17 mini-
mize errors due to voltage irregularity, ripple, and noise. If a
supply is used other than 5 V (used in factory trimming), the
power supply error can be removed with a single temperature
trim. The PTAT nature of the TMP17 will remain unchanged.
The general insensitivity of the output allows the use of lower
cost unregulated supplies and means that a series resistance of
several hundred ohms (e.g., CMOS multiplexer, meter coil
resistance) will not degrade the overall performance.
Connecting several TMP17 devices in parallel adds the currents
through them and produces a reading proportional to the average
temperature. TMP17s connected in series will indicate the lowest
temperature, because the coldest device limits the series current
flowing through the sensors. Both of these circuits are depicted
in Figure 7.
+15V
+5V
+
TMP17
–
The thermal environment in which the TMP17 is used determines
two performance traits: the effect of self-heating on accuracy and
the response time of the sensor to rapid changes in temperature.
In the first case, a rise in the IC junction temperature above the
ambient temperature is a function of two variables: the power
consumption level of the circuit and the thermal resistance
between the chip and the ambient environment (JA). Self-heating
error in °C can be derived by multiplying the power dissipation
by JA. Because errors of this type can vary widely for surroundings
+
–
+
–
+
–
+
TMP17
TMP17
TMP17
–
+
–
333.3⍀
(0.1%)
V
(1mV/1K)
TAVG
10k⍀
(0.1%)
V
(10mV/1K)
TAVG
Figure 7. Average and Minimum Temperature
Connections
with different heat sinking capacities, it is necessary to specify
JA
REV. A
–5–
TMP17
The circuit in Figure 8 demonstrates a method in which a voltage
output can be derived in a differential temperature measurement.
In this circuit the 1 µA/K output of the TMP17 is amplified to
1 mA/°C and offset so that 4 mA is equivalent to 17°C and 20 mA
is equivalent to 33°C. RT is trimmed for proper reading at an
intermediate reference temperature. With a suitable choice of
resistors, any temperature range within the operating limits of
the TMP17 may be chosen.
+V
10k⍀
+
TMP17
TMP17
–
+
5M⍀
+20V
+
OP196
R1
+
50k⍀
V
= (T –T )
؋
(10mV/؇C) 17؇C 4mA
33؇C 20mA
OUT
1
2
–
REF01E
10k⍀
–
–
1mA/؇C
35.7k⍀
–V
+
–
R
5k⍀
T
10mV/؇C
TMP17
OP97
Figure 8. Differential Measurements
R1 can be used to trim out the inherent offset between the two
devices. By increasing the gain resistor (10 kΩ), temperature mea-
surements can be made with higher resolution. If the magnitude
of V1 and V2 is not the same, the difference in power consumption
between the two devices can cause a differential self-heating error.
C
10k⍀
12.7k⍀
5k⍀
500⍀
10⍀
V
T
+
–
–20V
Figure 10. Temperature to 4 –20 mA Current Transmitter
Cold junction compensation (CJC) used in thermocouple signal
conditioning can be implemented using a TMP17 in the circuit
configuration of Figure 9. Expensive simulated ice baths or hard
to trim, inaccurate bridge circuits are no longer required.
Reading temperature with a TMP17 in a microprocessor based
system can be implemented with the circuit shown in Figure 11.
R
R
OFFSET
9.1k
9.8k⍀ 180k⍀
GAIN
THERMOCOUPLE APPROX.
؇C
؇F
⍀
100k⍀
R
OFFSET
R
TYPE
RVALUE
GAIN
+5V
J
52⍀
41⍀
41⍀
61⍀
6⍀
R
CAL
K
T
E
S
R
R
2.5V
+7.5V
REF43
+
OP196
2.5V
V
= 100mV/(؇C OR ؇F)
6⍀
OUT
MEASURING
JUNCTION
R
/R
REF43
1k⍀
OFFSET GAIN
+
–
–
10k⍀
TMP17
Cu
+
V
OP193
OUT
V–
TMP17
100k⍀
–
R
(1k⍀)
REFERENCE
JUNCTION
G2
R
G1
Figure 11. Temperature to Digital Output
Cu
By using a differential input A/D converter and choosing the current
to voltage conversion resistor correctly, any range of temperatures
(up to the 145؇C span the TMP17 is rated for) centered at any
point can be measured using a minimal number of components.
In this configuration, the system will resolve up to 1؇C.
R
Figure 9. Thermocouple Cold Junction Compensation
The circuit shown can be optimized for any ambient temperature
range or thermocouple type by simply selecting the correct value
for the scaling resistor R. The TMP17 output (1 µA/K) ϫ R
should approximate the line best fit to the thermocouple curve
(slope in V/؇C) over the most likely ambient temperature range.
Additionally, the output sensitivity can be chosen by selecting
the resistors RG1 and RG2 for the desired noninverting gain. The
offset adjustment shown simply references the TMP17 to ؇C. Note
that the TC of the reference and the resistors are the primary
contributors to error. Temperature rejection of 40 to 1 can be
easily achieved using the above technique.
A variable temperature controlling thermostat can easily be built
using the TMP17 in the circuit in Figure 12.
+15V
10V
REF01E
R
PULL-UP
R
HIGH
+
–
AD790
COMPARATOR
62.7k⍀
TMP17
TEMP > SETPOINT
OUTPUT HIGH
R
SET
10k⍀
TEMP < SETPOINT
OUTPUT LOW
R
HYST
Although the TMP17 offers a noise immune current output, it
is not compatible with process control/industrial automation
current loop standards. Figure 10 is an example of a temperature
to 4–20 mA transmitter for use with 40 V, 1 kΩ systems.
10k⍀
C
(OPTIONAL)
R
LOW
27.3k⍀
C
Figure 12. Variable Temperature Thermostat
–6–
REV. A
TMP17
COLUMN
SELECT
RHIGH and RLOW determine the limits of temperature controlled
by the potentiometer RSET. The circuit shown operates over the
temperature range –25؇C to +105؇C. The reference maintains a
constant set point voltage and ensures that approximately 7 V
appear across the sensor. If it is necessary to guardband for
extraneous noise, hysteresis can be added by tying a resistor
from the output to the ungrounded end of RLOW.
ROW
SELECT
+15V
4028 BCDTO DECIMAL DECODER
V
OUT
Multiple remote temperatures can be measured using several
TMP17s with a CMOS multiplexer or a series of 5 V logic gates
because of the device’s current-mode output and supply-voltage
compliance range. The on resistance of a FET switch or output
impedance of a gate will not affect the accuracy, as long as 4 V
is maintained across the transducer. Muxes and logic driving
circuits should be chosen to minimize leakage current related
errors. Figure 13 illustrates a locally controlled mux switching
the signal current from several remote TMP17s. CMOS or TTL
gates can also be used to switch the TMP17 supply voltages,
with the multiplexed signal being transmitted over a single twisted
pair to the load.
10k⍀
+15V
–15V
E
N
80–TMP17s
Figure 14. Matrix Multiplexer
+15V
–15V
To convert the TMP17 output to °C or °F, a single inexpensive
reference and op amp can be used as shown in Figure 15. Although
this circuit is similar to the two temperature trim circuit shown
in Figure 5, there are two important differences. First, the gain
resistor is fixed, alleviating the need for an elevated temperature
trim. Acceptable accuracy can be achieved by choosing an inex-
pensive resistor with the correct tolerance. Second, the TMP17
calibration error can be trimmed out at a known convenient
temperature (e.g., room temperature) with a single potentiometer
adjustment. This step is independent of the gain selection.
+
–
+
–
+
–
REMOTE
TMP17s
AD7501
T
T
T
V
OUT
8
2
1
10k⍀
S1
S2
S8
TTL DTLTO
CMOS I/O
E
N
CHANNEL
SELECT
R
R
OFFSET
9.1k
9.8k⍀ 180k⍀
GAIN
؇C
؇F
⍀
100k⍀
R
OFFSET
R
GAIN
+5V
Figure 13. Remote Temperature Multiplexing
R
CAL
R
2.5V
R
REF43
To minimize the number of muxes required when a large number
of TMP17s are being used, the circuit can be configured in a
matrix. That is, a decoder can be used to switch the supply voltage
to a column of TMP17s while a mux is used to control which
row of sensors is being measured. The maximum number of
TMP17s that can be used is the product of the number of channels
of the decoder and mux.
+
OP196
V
= 100mV/(؇C OR ؇F)
OUT
/R
OFFSET GAIN
+
–
–
TMP17
V–
Figure 15. Celsius or Fahrenheit Thermometer
An example circuit controlling 80 TMP17s is shown in Figure 14.
A 7-bit digital word is all that is required to select one of the
sensors. The enable input of the multiplexer turns all the sensors
off for minimum dissipation while idling.
REV. A
–7–
TMP17
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC]
Narrow Body
(R-8)
Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)
8
1
5
4
6.20 (0.2440)
5.80 (0.2284)
4.00 (0.1574)
3.80 (0.1497)
0.50 (0.0196)
0.25 (0.0099)
1.27 (0.0500)
BSC
؋
45؇ 1.75 (0.0688)
1.35 (0.0532)
0.25 (0.0098)
0.10 (0.0040)
8؇
0.51 (0.0201)
0.33 (0.0130)
0؇ 1.27 (0.0500)
COPLANARITY
0.10
0.25 (0.0098)
0.19 (0.0075)
SEATING
PLANE
0.41 (0.0160)
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012AA
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN
Revision History
Location
Page
1/03—Data Sheet changed from REV. 0 to REV. A.
Deleted Obsolete TPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Updated OUTLINE DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
–8–
REV. A
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