AT91SAM7S256_0504 [ATMEL]

AT91 ARM Thumb-based Microcontrollers; AT91 ARM的Thumb-基于微控制器
AT91SAM7S256_0504
型号: AT91SAM7S256_0504
厂家: ATMEL    ATMEL
描述:

AT91 ARM Thumb-based Microcontrollers
AT91 ARM的Thumb-基于微控制器

微控制器
文件: 总33页 (文件大小:393K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
Features  
Incorporates the ARM7TDMI® ARM® Thumb® Processor  
– High-performance 32-bit RISC Architecture  
– High-density 16-bit Instruction Set  
– Leader in MIPS/Watt  
– Embedded ICE In-circuit Emulation, Debug Communication Channel Support  
256 Kbytes of Internal High-speed Flash, Organized in 1024 Pages of 256 Bytes  
– Single Cycle Access at Up to 30 MHz in Worst Case Conditions  
– Prefetch Buffer Optimizing Thumb Instruction Execution at Maximum Speed  
– Page Programming Time: 4 ms, Including Page Auto-erase, Full Erase Time: 10 ms  
– 10,000 Write Cycles, 10-year Data Retention Capability, Sector Lock Capabilities,  
Flash Security Bit  
AT91 ARM®  
Thumb®-based  
Microcontrollers  
– Fast Flash Programming Interface for High Volume Production  
64 Kbytes of Internal High-speed SRAM, Single-cycle Access at Maximum Speed  
Memory Controller (MC)  
– Embedded Flash Controller, Abort Status and Misalignment Detection  
Reset Controller (RSTC)  
– Based on Power-on Reset and Low-power Factory-calibrated Brown-out Detector  
– Provides External Reset Signal Shaping and Reset Source Status  
Clock Generator (CKGR)  
AT91SAM7S256  
Summary  
Preliminary  
– Low-power RC Oscillator, 3 to 20 MHz On-chip Oscillator and one PLL  
Power Management Controller (PMC)  
– Software Power Optimization Capabilities, Including Slow Clock Mode (Down to  
500 Hz) and Idle Mode  
– Three Programmable External Clock Signals  
Advanced Interrupt Controller (AIC)  
– Individually Maskable, Eight-level Priority, Vectored Interrupt Sources  
– Two External Interrupt Sources and One Fast Interrupt Source, Spurious Interrupt  
Protected  
Debug Unit (DBGU)  
– 2-wire UART and Support for Debug Communication Channel interrupt,  
Programmable ICE Access Prevention  
Periodic Interval Timer (PIT)  
– 20-bit Programmable Counter plus 12-bit Interval Counter  
Windowed Watchdog (WDT)  
– 12-bit key-protected Programmable Counter  
– Provides Reset or Interrupt Signals to the System  
– Counter May Be Stopped While the Processor is in Debug State or in Idle Mode  
Real-time Timer (RTT)  
– 32-bit Free-running Counter with Alarm  
– Runs Off the Internal RC Oscillator  
One Parallel Input/Output Controller (PIOA)  
– Thirty-two Programmable I/O Lines Multiplexed with up to Two Peripheral I/Os  
– Input Change Interrupt Capability on Each I/O Line  
– Individually Programmable Open-drain, Pull-up resistor and Synchronous Output  
Eleven Peripheral DMA Controller (PDC) Channels  
One USB 2.0 Full Speed (12 Mbits per second) Device Port  
– On-chip Transceiver, 328-byte Configurable Integrated FIFOs  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
One Synchronous Serial Controller (SSC)  
– Independent Clock and Frame Sync Signals for Each Receiver and Transmitter  
– I²S Analog Interface Support, Time Division Multiplex Support  
– High-speed Continuous Data Stream Capabilities with 32-bit Data Transfer  
Two Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver Transmitters (USART)  
– Individual Baud Rate Generator, IrDA Infrared Modulation/Demodulation  
– Support for ISO7816 T0/T1 Smart Card, Hardware Handshaking, RS485 Support  
– Manchester Encoder/Decoder  
– Full Modem Line Support on USART1  
One Master/Slave Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)  
– 8- to 16-bit Programmable Data Length, Four External Peripheral Chip Selects  
One Three-channel 16-bit Timer/Counter (TC)  
– Three External Clock Inputs, Two Multi-purpose I/O Pins per Channel  
– Double PWM Generation, Capture/Waveform Mode, Up/Down Capability  
One Four-channel 16-bit PWM Controller (PWMC)  
One Two-wire Interface (TWI)  
– Master Mode Support Only, All Two-wire Atmel EEPROMs Supported  
One 8-channel 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter, Four Channels Multiplexed with Digital I/Os  
IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Boundary Scan on All Digital Pins  
5V-tolerant I/Os, including Four High-current Drive I/O lines, Up to 16 mA Each  
Power Supplies  
– Embedded 1.8V Regulator, Drawing up to 100 mA for the Core and External Components  
– 3.3V VDDIO I/O Lines Power Supply, Independent 3.3V VDDFLASH Flash Power Supply  
– 1.8V VDDCORE Core Power Supply with Brown-out Detector  
Fully Static Operation: Up to 55 MHz at 1.65V and 85°C Worst Case Conditions  
Available in a 64-lead LQFP Green Package  
1. Description  
Atmel’s AT91SAM7S256 is a member of a series of low pincount Flash microcontrollers based  
on the 32-bit ARM RISC processor. It features a 256 Kbyte high-speed Flash and a 64 Kbyte  
SRAM, a large set of peripherals, including a USB 2.0 device, and a complete set of system  
functions minimizing the number of external components. The device is an ideal migration  
path for 8-bit microcontroller users looking for additional performance and extended memory.  
The embedded Flash memory can be programmed in-system via the JTAG-ICE interface or  
via a parallel interface on a production programmer prior to mounting. Built-in lock bits and a  
security bit protect the firmware from accidental overwrite and preserves its confidentiality.  
The AT91SAM7S256 system controller includes a reset controller capable of managing the  
power-on sequence of the microcontroller and the complete system. Correct device operation  
can be monitored by a built-in brownout detector and a watchdog running off an integrated RC  
oscillator.  
The AT91SAM7S256 is a general-purpose microcontroller. Its integrated USB Device port  
makes it an ideal device for peripheral applications requiring connectivity to a PC or cellular  
phone. Its aggressive price point and high level of integration pushes its scope of use far into  
the cost-sensitive, high-volume consumer market.  
2
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
2. Block Diagram  
Figure 2-1. AT91SAM7S256 Block Diagram  
TDI  
TDO  
ICE  
ARM7TDMI  
Processor  
JTAG  
TMS  
SCAN  
TCK  
JTAGSEL  
1.8 V  
Voltage  
VDDIN  
GND  
System Controller  
AIC  
Regulator  
VDDOUT  
TST  
FIQ  
VDDCORE  
VDDIO  
IRQ0-IRQ1  
Memory Controller  
SRAM  
Embedded  
Address  
Decoder  
64 Kbytes  
Flash  
PCK0-PCK2  
PLLRC  
Controller  
PLL  
PMC  
Abort  
Status  
Misalignment  
Detection  
XIN  
XOUT  
OSC  
VDDFLASH  
ERASE  
Flash  
RCOSC  
256 Kbytes  
VDDCORE  
BOD  
POR  
Peripheral Bridge  
Reset  
Controller  
VDDCORE  
NRST  
PGMRDY  
Peripheral Data  
Controller  
PGMNVALID  
PGMNOE  
PGMCK  
PGMM0-PGMM3  
PGMD0-PGMD15  
PGMNCMD  
Fast Flash  
Programming  
Interface  
11 Channels  
PIT  
WDT  
RTT  
APB  
PGMEN0-PGMEN2  
PDC  
PDC  
DRXD  
DTXD  
DBGU  
FIFO  
DDM  
DDP  
USB Device  
PIOA  
PWM0  
PWM1  
PWM2  
PWM3  
TF  
TK  
TD  
RD  
RK  
RF  
TCLK0  
TCLK1  
TCLK2  
TIOA0  
TIOB0  
TIOA1  
TIOB1  
RXD0  
TXD0  
SCK0  
RTS0  
CTS0  
RXD1  
TXD1  
SCK1  
RTS1  
CTS1  
DCD1  
DSR1  
DTR1  
RI1  
NPCS0  
NPCS1  
NPCS2  
NPCS3  
MISO  
MOSI  
SPCK  
PDC  
PWMC  
USART0  
PDC  
PDC  
PDC  
SSC  
PDC  
USART1  
Timer Counter  
PDC  
PDC  
TC0  
TC1  
TC2  
TWI  
TIOA2  
TIOB2  
SPI  
TWD  
TWCK  
PDC  
PDC  
ADTRG  
AD0  
AD1  
AD2  
AD3  
ADC  
AD4  
AD5  
AD6  
AD7  
ADVREF  
3
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
3. Signal Description  
Table 3-1.  
Signal Description List  
Active  
Level  
Signal Name  
Function  
Type  
Comments  
Power  
VDDIN  
Voltage and ADC Regulator Power Supply Input  
Voltage Regulator Output  
Flash Power Supply  
I/O Lines Power Supply  
Core Power Supply  
PLL  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Power  
Ground  
3.0 to 3.6V  
VDDOUT  
VDDFLASH  
VDDIO  
1.85V nominal  
3.0V to 3.6V  
3.0V to 3.6V  
1.65V to 1.95V  
1.65V to 1.95V  
VDDCORE  
VDDPLL  
GND  
Ground  
Clocks, Oscillators and PLLs  
XIN  
Main Oscillator Input  
Main Oscillator Output  
PLL Filter  
Input  
Output  
XOUT  
PLLRC  
PCK0 - PCK2  
Input  
Programmable Clock Output  
Output  
ICE and JTAG  
Input  
TCK  
Test Clock  
No pull-up resistor  
No pull-up resistor  
TDI  
Test Data In  
Input  
TDO  
Test Data Out  
Test Mode Select  
JTAG Selection  
Output  
TMS  
Input  
No pull-up resistor  
Pull-down resistor  
JTAGSEL  
Input  
Flash Memory  
Flash and NVM Configuration Bits Erase  
Command  
ERASE  
Input  
High  
Pull-down resistor  
Reset/Test  
NRST  
TST  
Microcontroller Reset  
Test Mode Select  
I/O  
Low  
Pull-Up resistor  
Input  
High  
Pull-down resistor  
Debug Unit  
AIC  
DRXD  
DTXD  
Debug Receive Data  
Debug Transmit Data  
Input  
Output  
IRQ0 - IRQ1  
FIQ  
External Interrupt Inputs  
Fast Interrupt Input  
Input  
Input  
4
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
Table 3-1.  
Signal Description List (Continued)  
Active  
Level  
Signal Name  
Function  
Type  
Comments  
PIO  
PA0 - PA31  
Parallel IO Controller A  
I/O  
Pulled-up input at reset  
USB Device Port  
Analog  
DDM  
DDP  
USB Device Port Data -  
USB Device Port Data +  
Analog  
USART  
SCK0 - SCK1  
TXD0 - TXD1  
RXD0 - RXD1  
RTS0 - RTS1  
CTS0 - CTS1  
DCD1  
Serial Clock  
I/O  
I/O  
Transmit Data  
Receive Data  
Input  
Output  
Input  
Input  
Output  
Input  
Input  
Request To Send  
Clear To Send  
Data Carrier Detect  
Data Terminal Ready  
Data Set Ready  
Ring Indicator  
DTR1  
DSR1  
RI1  
Synchronous Serial Controller  
TD  
RD  
TK  
RK  
TF  
RF  
Transmit Data  
Output  
Receive Data  
Input  
Transmit Clock  
I/O  
Receive Clock  
I/O  
Transmit Frame Sync  
Receive Frame Sync  
I/O  
I/O  
Timer/Counter  
TCLK0 - TCLK2  
TIOA0 - TIOA2  
TIOB0 - TIOB2  
External Clock Inputs  
I/O Line A  
Input  
I/O  
I/O Line B  
I/O  
PWM Controller  
PWM0 - PWM3  
PWM Channels  
Output  
SPI  
I/O  
I/O  
I/O  
I/O  
MISO  
Master In Slave Out  
Master Out Slave In  
SPI Serial Clock  
MOSI  
SPCK  
NPCS0  
NPCS1-NPCS3  
SPI Peripheral Chip Select 0  
Low  
Low  
SPI Peripheral Chip Select 1 to 3  
Output  
5
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
Table 3-1.  
Signal Description List (Continued)  
Active  
Level  
Signal Name  
Function  
Type  
Two-Wire Interface  
Comments  
TWD  
Two-wire Serial Data  
Two-wire Serial Clock  
I/O  
I/O  
TWCK  
Analog-to-Digital Converter  
AD0-AD3  
AD4-AD7  
ADTRG  
Analog Inputs  
Analog Inputs  
ADC Trigger  
Analog  
Digital pulled-up inputs at reset  
Analog Inputs  
Analog  
Input  
ADVREF  
ADC Reference  
Analog  
Fast Flash Programming Interface  
PGMEN0-PGMEN2 Programming Enabling  
Input  
Input  
I/O  
PGMM0-PGMM3  
PGMD0-PGMD15  
PGMRDY  
Programming Mode  
Programming Data  
Programming Ready  
Data Direction  
Output  
Output  
Input  
Input  
Input  
High  
Low  
Low  
PGMNVALID  
PGMNOE  
Programming Read  
Programming Clock  
Programming Command  
PGMCK  
PGMNCMD  
Low  
6
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
4. Package and Pinout  
The AT91SAM7S256 is available in a 64-lead LQFP package.  
4.1  
64-lead LQFP Mechanical Overview  
Figure 4-1 shows the orientation of the 64-lead LQFP package. A detailed mechanical  
description is given in the section Mechanical Characteristics of the full datasheet.  
Figure 4-1. 64-lead LQFP Package Pinout (Top View)  
33  
48  
49  
64  
32  
17  
16  
1
4.2  
Pinout  
Table 4-1.  
AT91SAM7S256 Pinout in 64-lead LQFP Package  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ADVREF  
GND  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
32  
GND  
33  
TDI  
49  
50  
51  
52  
53  
54  
55  
56  
57  
58  
59  
60  
61  
62  
63  
64  
TDO  
JTAGSEL  
TMS  
VDDIO  
34  
35  
36  
37  
38  
39  
40  
41  
42  
43  
44  
45  
46  
47  
48  
PA6/PGMNOE  
PA5/PGMRDY  
AD4  
PA16/PGMD4  
PA15/PGMD3  
PA14/PGMD2  
PA13/PGMD1  
PA24/PGMD12  
VDDCORE  
AD5  
PA4/PGMNCMD  
PA27/PGMD15  
PA28  
PA31  
AD6  
TCK  
AD7  
VDDCORE  
ERASE  
DDM  
VDDIN  
VDDOUT  
NRST  
TST  
9
PA17/PGMD5/AD0  
PA18/PGMD6/AD1  
PA21/PGMD9  
PA25/PGMD13  
PA26/PGMD14  
PA12/PGMD0  
PA11/PGMM3  
PA10/PGMM2  
PA9/PGMM1  
PA8/PGMM0  
PA7/PGMNVALID  
PA29  
DDP  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
PA30  
VDDIO  
VDDFLASH  
GND  
PA3  
VDDCORE  
PA2/PGMEN2  
VDDIO  
PA19/PGMD7/AD2  
PA22/PGMD10  
PA23/PGMD11  
PA20/PGMD8/AD3  
XOUT  
GND  
XIN/PGMCK  
PLLRC  
VDDPLL  
PA1/PGMEN1  
PA0/PGMEN0  
7
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
5. Power Considerations  
5.1  
Power Supplies  
The AT91SAM7S256 has six types of power supply pins and integrates a voltage regulator,  
allowing the device to be supplied with only one voltage. The six power supply pin types are:  
• VDDIN pin. It powers the voltage regulator and the ADC; voltage ranges from 3.0V to 3.6V,  
3.3V nominal. If the voltage regulator is not used, VDDIN should be connected to GND.  
• VDDOUT pin. It is the output of the 1.8V voltage regulator.  
• VDDIO pin. It powers the I/O lines and the USB transceivers; dual voltage range is  
supported. Ranges from 3.0V to 3.6V, 3.3V nominal. Note that supplying less than 3.0V to  
VDDIO prevents any use of the USB transceivers.  
• VDDFLASH pin. It powers a part of the Flash and is required for the Flash to operate  
correctly; voltage ranges from 3.0V to 3.6V, 3.3V nominal.  
• VDDCORE pins. They power the logic of the device; voltage ranges from 1.65V to 1.95V,  
1.8V typical. It can be connected to the VDDOUT pin with decoupling capacitor.  
VDDCORE is required for the device, including its embedded Flash, to operate correctly.  
• VDDPLL pin. It powers the oscillator and the PLL. It can be connected directly to the  
VDDOUT pin.  
No separate ground pins are provided for the different power supplies. Only GND pins are pro-  
vided and should be connected as shortly as possible to the system ground plane.  
5.2  
5.3  
Power Consumption  
The AT91SAM7S256 has a static current of less than 60 µA on VDDCORE at 25°C, including  
the RC oscillator, the voltage regulator and the power-on reset when the brown-out detector is  
deactivated. Activating the brown-out detector adds 20 µA static current.  
The dynamic power consumption on VDDCORE is less than 50 mA at full speed when running  
out of the Flash. Under the same conditions, the power consumption on VDDFLASH does not  
exceed 10 mA.  
Voltage Regulator  
The AT91SAM7S256 embeds a voltage regulator that is managed by the System Controller.  
In Normal Mode, the voltage regulator consumes less than 100 µA static current and draws  
100 mA of output current.  
The voltage regulator also has a Low-power Mode. In this mode, it consumes less than 25 µA  
static current and draws 1 mA of output current.  
Adequate output supply decoupling is mandatory for VDDOUT to reduce ripple and avoid  
oscillations. The best way to achieve this is to use two capacitors in parallel: one external 470  
pF (or 1 nF) NPO capacitor must be connected between VDDOUT and GND as close to the  
chip as possible. One external 2.2 µF (or 3.3 µF) X7R capacitor must be connected between  
VDDOUT and GND.  
Adequate input supply decoupling is mandatory for VDDIN in order to improve startup stability  
and reduce source voltage drop. The input decoupling capacitor should be placed close to the  
chip. For example, two capacitors can be used in parallel: 100 nF NPO and 4.7 µF X7R.  
8
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
5.4  
Typical Powering Schematics  
The AT91SAM7S256 supports a 3.3V single supply mode. The internal regulator is connected  
to the 3.3V source and its output feeds VDDCORE and the VDDPLL. Figure 5-1 shows the  
power schematics to be used for USB bus-powered systems.  
Figure 5-1.  
3.3V System Single Power Supply Schematic  
VDDFLASH  
Power Source  
VDDIO  
ranges  
from 4.5V (USB)  
to 18V  
DC/DC Converter  
VDDIN  
Voltage  
Regulator  
3.3V  
VDDOUT  
VDDCORE  
VDDPLL  
9
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
6. I/O Lines Considerations  
6.1  
JTAG Port Pins  
TMS, TDI and TCK are schmitt trigger inputs. TMS and TCK are 5-V tolerant, TDI is not. TMS,  
TDI and TCK do not integrate a pull-up resistor.  
TDO is an output, driven at up to VDDIO, and has no pull-up resistor.  
The pin JTAGSEL is used to select the JTAG boundary scan when asserted at a high level.  
The pin JTAGSEL integrates a permanent pull-down resistor of about 15 kto GND, so that it  
can be left unconnected for normal operations.  
6.2  
Test Pin  
The pin TST is used for manufacturing test or fast programming mode of the AT91SAM7S256  
when asserted high. The pin TST integrates a permanent pull-down resistor of about 15 kto  
GND, so that it can be left unconnected for normal operations.  
To enter fast programming mode, the pin TST and the pins PA0 and PA1 should be tied hig-  
hand PA2 tied to low.  
Driving the pin TST at a high level while PA0 or PA1 is driven at 0 leads to unpredictable  
results.  
6.3  
Reset Pin  
The pin NRST is bidirectional. It is handled by the on-chip reset controller and can be driven  
low to provide a reset signal to the external components or asserted low externally to reset the  
microcontroller. There is no constraint on the length of the reset pulse, and the reset controller  
can guarantee a minimum pulse length. This allows connection of a simple push-button on the  
pin NRST as system user reset, and the use of the signal NRST to reset all the components of  
the system.  
The pin NRST integrates a permanent pull-up resistor to VDDIO.  
6.4  
6.5  
ERASE Pin  
The pin ERASE is used to re-initialize the Flash content and some of its NVM bits. It integrates  
a permanent pull-down resistor of about 15 kto GND, so that it can be left unconnected for  
normal operations.  
PIO Controller A Lines  
All the I/O lines PA0 to PA31 are 5V-tolerant and all integrate a programmable pull-up resistor.  
Programming of this pull-up resistor is performed independently for each I/O line through the  
PIO controllers.  
5V-tolerant means that the I/O lines can drive voltage level according to VDDIO, but can be  
driven with a voltage of up to 5.5V. However, driving an I/O line with a voltage over VDDIO  
while the programmable pull-up resistor is enabled can lead to unpredictable results. Care  
should be taken, in particular at reset, as all the I/O lines default to input with pull-up resistor  
enabled at reset.  
10  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
6.6  
I/O Line Drive Levels  
The PIO lines PA0 to PA3 are high-drive current capable. Each of these I/O lines can drive up  
to 16 mA permanently.  
The remaining I/O lines can draw only 8 mA.  
However, the total current drawn by all the I/O lines cannot exceed 150 mA.  
11  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
7. Processor and Architecture  
7.1  
7.2  
7.3  
ARM7TDMI Processor  
• RISC processor based on ARMv4T Von Neumann architecture  
– Runs at up to 55 MHz, providing 0.9 MIPS/MHz  
Two instruction sets  
– ARM® high-performance 32-bit instruction set  
– Thumb® high code density 16-bit instruction set  
• Three-stage pipeline architecture  
– Instruction Fetch (F)  
– Instruction Decode (D)  
– Execute (E)  
Debug and Test Features  
• Integrated embedded in-circuit emulator  
Two watchpoint units  
Test access port accessible through a JTAG protocol  
– Debug communication channel  
• Debug Unit  
Two-pin UART  
– Debug communication channel interrupt handling  
– Chip ID Register  
• IEEE1149.1 JTAG Boundary-scan on all digital pins  
Memory Controller  
• Bus Arbiter  
– Handles requests from the ARM7TDMI and the Peripheral DMA Controller  
• Address decoder provides selection signals for  
– Three internal 1 Mbyte memory areas  
– One 256 Mbyte embedded peripheral area  
• Abort Status Registers  
– Source, Type and all parameters of the access leading to an abort are saved  
– Facilitates debug by detection of bad pointers  
• Misalignment Detector  
– Alignment checking of all data accesses  
– Abort generation in case of misalignment  
• Remap Command  
– Remaps the SRAM in place of the embedded non-volatile memory  
– Allows handling of dynamic exception vectors  
• Embedded Flash Controller  
– Embedded Flash interface, up to three programmable wait states  
12  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
– Prefetch buffer, bufferizing and anticipating the 16-bit requests, reducing the  
required wait states  
– Key-protected program, erase and lock/unlock sequencer  
– Single command for erasing, programming and locking operations  
– Interrupt generation in case of forbidden operation  
7.4  
Peripheral DMA Controller  
• Handles data transfer between peripherals and memories  
• Eleven channels  
Two for each USART  
Two for the Debug Unit  
Two for the Serial Synchronous Controller  
Two for the Serial Peripheral Interface  
– One for the Analog-to-digital Converter  
• Low bus arbitration overhead  
– One Master Clock cycle needed for a transfer from memory to peripheral  
Two Master Clock cycles needed for a transfer from peripheral to memory  
• Next Pointer management for reducing interrupt latency requirements  
13  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
8. Memory  
• 256 Kbytes of Flash Memory  
– 1024 pages of 256 bytes  
– Fast access time, 30 MHz single-cycle access in worst case conditions  
– Page programming time: 4 ms, including page auto-erase  
– Page programming without auto-erase: 2 ms  
– Full chip erase time: 10 ms  
– 10,000 write cycles, 10-year data retention capability  
– 16 lock bits, each protecting 16 sectors of 64 pages  
– Protection Mode to secure contents of the Flash  
• 64 Kbytes of Fast SRAM  
– Single-cycle access at full speed  
8.1  
Memory Mapping  
8.1.1  
Internal SRAM  
The AT91SAM7S256 embeds a high-speed 64-Kbyte SRAM bank. After reset and until the  
Remap Command is performed, the SRAM is only accessible at address 0x0020 0000. After  
Remap, the SRAM also becomes available at address 0x0.  
8.1.2  
Internal Flash  
The AT91SAM77S256 features one bank of 256 Kbytes of Flash. At any time, the Flash is  
mapped to address 0x0010 0000. It is also accessible at address 0x0 after the reset and  
before the Remap Command.  
Figure 8-1. Internal Memory Mapping  
0x0000 0000  
Flash Before Remap  
1 M Bytes  
SRAM After Remap  
0x000F FFFF  
0x0010 0000  
Internal Flash  
1 M Bytes  
1 M Bytes  
0x001F FFFF  
0x0020 0000  
Internal SRAM  
256M Bytes  
0x002F FFFF  
0x0030 0000  
Undefined Areas  
(Abort)  
253 M Bytes  
0x0FFF FFFF  
14  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
8.2  
Embedded Flash  
8.2.1  
Flash Overview  
The Flash of the AT91SAM7S256 is organized in 1024 pages of 256 bytes. The 262,144 bytes  
are organized in 32-bit words.  
The Flash contains a 256-byte write buffer, accessible through a 32-bit interface.  
The Flash benefits from the integration of a power reset cell and from the brownout detector.  
This prevents code corruption during power supply changes, even in the worst conditions.  
When Flash is not used (read or write access), it is automatically placed into standby mode.  
8.2.2  
Embedded Flash Controller  
The Embedded Flash Controller (EFC) manages accesses performed by the masters of the  
system. It enables reading the Flash and writing the write buffer. It also contains a User Inter-  
face, mapped within the Memory Controller on the APB. The User Interface allows:  
• programming of the access parameters of the Flash (number of wait states, timings, etc.)  
• starting commands such as full erase, page erase, page program, NVM bit set, NVM bit  
clear, etc.  
• getting the end status of the last command  
• getting error status  
• programming interrupts on the end of the last commands or on errors  
The Embedded Flash Controller also provides a dual 32-bit Prefetch Buffer that optimizes 16-  
bit access to the Flash. This is particularly efficient when the processor is running in Thumb  
mode.  
8.2.3  
Lock Regions  
The Embedded Flash Controller manages 16 lock bits to protect 16 regions of the flash  
against inadvertent flash erasing or programming commands. The AT91SAM7S256 contains  
16 lock regions and each lock region contains 64 pages of 256 bytes. Each lock region has a  
size of 16 Kbytes.  
If a locked-regions erase or program command occurs, the command is aborted and the EFC  
trigs an interrupt.  
The 16 NVM bits are software programmable through the EFC User Interface. The command  
"Set Lock Bit" enables the protection. The command "Clear Lock Bit" unlocks the lock region.  
Asserting the ERASE pin clears the lock bits, thus unlocking the entire Flash.  
8.2.4  
Security Bit Feature  
The AT91SAM7S256 features a security bit, based on a specific NVM-Bit. When the security  
is enabled, any access to the Flash, either through the ICE interface or through the Fast Flash  
Programming Interface, is forbidden. This ensures the confidentiality of the code programmed  
in the Flash.  
This security bit can only be enabled, through the Command "Set Security Bit" of the EFC  
User Interface. Disabling the security bit can only be achieved by asserting the ERASE pin at  
1, and after a full flash erase is performed. When the security bit is deactivated, all accesses to  
the flash are permitted.  
It is important to note that the assertion of the ERASE pin should always be longer than 50 ms.  
15  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
As the ERASE pin integrates a permanent pull-down, it can be left unconnected during normal  
operation. However, it is safer to connect it directly to GND for the final application.  
8.2.5  
Non-volatile Brownout Detector Control  
Two general purpose NVM (GPNVM) bits are used for controlling the brownout detector  
(BOD), so that even after a power loss, the brownout detector operations remain in their state.  
These two GPNVM bits can be cleared or set respectively through the commands "Clear Gen-  
eral-purpose NVM Bit" and "Set General-purpose NVM Bit" of the EFC User Interface.  
• GPNVM Bit 0 is used as a brownout detector enable bit. Setting the GPNVM Bit 0 enables  
the BOD, clearing it disables the BOD. Asserting ERASE clears the GPNVM Bit 0 and thus  
disables the brownout detector by default.  
• The GPNVM Bit 1 is used as a brownout reset enable signal for the reset controller. Setting  
the GPNVM Bit 1 enables the brownout reset when a brownout is detected, Clearing the  
GPNVM Bit 1 disables the brownout reset. Asserting ERASE disables the brownout reset  
by default.  
8.2.6  
Calibration Bits  
Eight NVM bits are used to calibrate the brownout detector and the voltage regulator. These  
bits are factory configured and cannot be changed by the user. The ERASE pin has no effect  
on the calibration bits.  
8.3  
Fast Flash Programming Interface  
The Fast Flash Programming Interface allows programming the device through either a serial  
JTAG interface or through a multiplexed fully-handshaked parallel port. It allows gang-pro-  
gramming with market-standard industrial programmers.  
The FFPI supports read, page program, page erase, full erase, lock, unlock and protect  
commands.  
The Fast Flash Programming Interface is enabled and the Fast Programming Mode is entered  
when the TST pin and the PA0 and PA1 pins are all tied high and PA2 is tied low.  
16  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
9. System Controller  
The System Controller manages all vital blocks of the microcontroller: interrupts, clocks,  
power, time, debug and reset.  
Figure 9-1. System Controller Block Diagram  
jtag_nreset  
Boundary Scan  
TAP Controller  
System Controller  
nirq  
nfiq  
irq0-irq1  
fiq  
Advanced  
Interrupt  
Controller  
proc_nreset  
ARM7TDMI  
periph_irq[2..14]  
PCK  
int  
debug  
pit_irq  
rtt_irq  
wdt_irq  
dbgu_irq  
pmc_irq  
rstc_irq  
ice_nreset  
force_ntrst  
MCK  
periph_nreset  
dbgu_irq  
Debug  
Unit  
force_ntrst  
dbgu_rxd  
dbgu_txd  
pit_irq  
security_bit  
MCK  
debug  
Periodic  
Interval  
Timer  
periph_nreset  
SLCK  
flash_poe  
Real-Time  
Timer  
Embedded  
Flash  
rtt_irq  
periph_nreset  
flash_wrdis  
cal  
SLCK  
debug  
Watchdog  
Timer  
wdt_irq  
gpnvm[0..1]  
idle  
proc_nreset  
cal  
gpnvm[0]  
wdt_fault  
WDRPROC  
gpnvm[1]  
MCK  
en  
bod_rst_en  
Memory  
flash_wrdis  
Controller  
BOD  
proc_nreset  
ice_nreset  
jtag_nreset  
periph_nreset  
proc_nreset  
Reset  
Controller  
Voltage  
Regulator  
Mode  
POR  
flash_poe  
standby  
cal  
Voltage  
Controller  
rstc_irq  
Regulator  
NRST  
SLCK  
SLCK  
RCOSC  
periph_clk[2..14]  
pck[0-2]  
UDPCK  
periph_clk[11]  
USB Device  
Port  
XIN  
Power  
Management  
Controller  
MAINCK  
OSC  
PLL  
periph_nreset  
PCK  
XOUT  
UDPCK  
MCK  
periph_irq[11]  
usb_suspend  
PLLRC  
PLLCK  
int  
pmc_irq  
idle  
periph_nreset  
periph_clk[4..14]  
periph_nreset  
usb_suspend  
Embedded  
Peripherals  
periph_nreset  
periph_clk[2]  
dbgu_rxd  
periph_irq{2]  
irq0-irq1  
fiq  
periph_irq[4..14]  
PIO  
Controller  
dbgu_txd  
in  
PA0-PA31  
out  
enable  
17  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
9.1  
System Controller Mapping  
The System Controller peripherals are all mapped to the highest 4 Kbytes of address space,  
between addresses 0xFFFF F000 and 0xFFFF FFFF.  
Figure 9-2 shows the mapping of the System Controller. Note that the Memory Controller con-  
figuration user interface is also mapped within this address space.  
Figure 9-2. System Controller Mapping  
Address Peripheral  
Peripheral Name  
Size  
0xFFFF F000  
AIC  
Advanced Interrupt Controller  
512 Bytes/128 registers  
0xFFFF F1FF  
0xFFFF F200  
DBGU  
PIOA  
Debug Unit  
512 Bytes/128 registers  
512 Bytes/128 registers  
0xFFFF F3FF  
0xFFFF F400  
PIO Controller A  
0xFFFF F5FF  
0xFFFF F600  
Reserved  
PMC  
0xFFFF FBFF  
0xFFFF FC00  
Power Management Controller  
Reset Controller  
256 Bytes/64 registers  
16 Bytes/4 registers  
0xFFFF FCFF  
0xFFFF FD00  
0xFFFF FD0F  
RSTC  
Reserved  
RTT  
0xFFFF FD20  
0xFFFF FC2F  
0xFFFF FD30  
0xFFFF FC3F  
0xFFFF FD40  
0xFFFF FD4F  
Real-time Timer  
16 Bytes/4 registers  
16 Bytes/4 registers  
16 Bytes/4 registers  
PIT  
Periodic Interval Timer  
Watchdog Timer  
WDT  
Reserved  
VREG  
0xFFFF FD60  
0xFFFF FC6F  
0xFFFF FD70  
Voltage Regulator Mode Controller  
4 Bytes/1 register  
Reserved  
0xFFFF FEFF  
0xFFFF FF00  
MC  
Memory Controller  
256 Bytes/64 registers  
0xFFFF FFFF  
18  
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6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
9.2  
Reset Controller  
The Reset Controller is based on a power-on reset cell and one brownout detector. It gives the  
status of the last reset, indicating whether it is a power-up reset, a software reset, a user reset,  
a watchdog reset or a brownout reset. In addition, it controls the internal resets and the NRST  
pin output. It allows to shape a signal on the NRST line, guaranteeing that the length of the  
pulse meets any requirement.  
Note that if NRST is used as a reset output signal for external devices during power-off, the  
brownout detector must be activated.  
9.2.1  
Brownout Detector and Power-on Reset  
The AT91SAM7S256 embeds a brownout detection circuit and a power-on reset cell. Both are  
supplied with and monitor VDDCORE. Both signals are provided to the Flash to prevent any  
code corruption during power-up or power-down sequences or if brownouts occur on the  
VDDCORE power supply.  
The power-on reset cell has a limited-accuracy threshold at around 1.5V. Its output remains  
low during power-up until VDDCORE goes over this voltage level. This signal goes to the reset  
controller and allows a full re-initialization of the device.  
The brownout detector monitors the VDDCORE level during operation by comparing it to a  
fixed trigger level. It secures system operations in the most difficult environments and prevents  
code corruption in case of brownout on the VDDCORE.  
Only VDDCORE is monitored, as a voltage drop on VDDFLASH or any other power supply of  
the device cannot affect the Flash.  
When the brownout detector is enabled and VDDCORE decreases to a value below the trigger  
level (Vbot-, defined as Vbot - hyst/2), the brownout output is immediately activated.  
When VDDCORE increases above the trigger level (Vbot+, defined as Vbot + hyst/2), the  
reset is released. The brownout detector only detects a drop if the voltage on VDDCORE  
stays below the threshold voltage for longer than about 1µs.  
The threshold voltage has a hysteresis of about 50 mV, to ensure spike free brownout detec-  
tion. The typical value of the brownout detector threshold is 1.68V with an accuracy of ± 2%  
and is factory calibrated.  
The brownout detector is low-power, as it consumes less than 20 µA static current. However, it  
can be deactivated to save its static current. In this case, it consumes less than 1µA. The  
deactivation is configured through the GPNVM bit 0 of the Flash.  
19  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
9.3  
Clock Generator  
The Clock Generator embeds one low-power RC Oscillator, one Main Oscillator and one PLL  
with the following characteristics:  
• RC Oscillator ranges between 22 KHz and 42 KHz  
• Main Oscillator frequency ranges between 3 and 20 MHz  
• Main Oscillator can be bypassed  
• PLL output ranges between 80 and 220 MHz  
It provides SLCK, MAINCK and PLLCK.  
Figure 9-3. Clock Generator Block Diagram  
Clock Generator  
Embedded  
Slow Clock  
RC  
Oscillator  
SLCK  
XIN  
Main  
Oscillator  
Main Clock  
MAINCK  
XOUT  
PLL and  
Divider  
PLL Clock  
PLLCK  
PLLRC  
Status  
Power  
Control  
Management  
Controller  
20  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
9.4  
Power Management Controller  
The Power Management Controller uses the Clock Generator outputs to provide:  
• the Processor Clock PCK  
• the Master Clock MCK  
• the USB Clock UDPCK  
• all the peripheral clocks, independently controllable  
• three programmable clock outputs  
The Master Clock (MCK) is programmable from a few hundred Hz to the maximum operating  
frequency of the device.  
The Processor Clock (PCK) switches off when entering processor idle mode, thus allowing  
reduced power consumption while waiting for an interrupt.  
Figure 9-4. Power Management Controller Block Diagram  
Processor  
PCK  
Clock  
Controller  
int  
Master Clock Controller  
Idle Mode  
SLCK  
Prescaler  
MAINCK  
MCK  
/1,/2,/4,...,/64  
PLLCK  
Peripherals  
Clock Controller  
periph_clk[2..14]  
ON/OFF  
Programmable Clock Controller  
SLCK  
MAINCK  
PLLCK  
Prescaler  
/1,/2,/4,...,/64  
pck[0..2]  
USB Clock Controller  
ON/OFF  
usb_suspend  
UDPCK  
Divider  
/1,/2,/4  
PLLCK  
9.5  
Advanced Interrupt Controller  
• Controls the interrupt lines (nIRQ and nFIQ) of an ARM Processor  
• Individually maskable and vectored interrupt sources  
– Source 0 is reserved for the Fast Interrupt Input (FIQ)  
– Source 1 is reserved for system peripherals RTT, PIT, EFC, PMC, DBGU, etc.)  
– Other sources control the peripheral interrupts or external interrupts  
– Programmable edge-triggered or level-sensitive internal sources  
– Programmable positive/negative edge-triggered or high/low level-sensitive  
external sources  
• 8-level Priority Controller  
– Drives the normal interrupt of the processor  
– Handles priority of the interrupt sources  
21  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
– Higher priority interrupts can be served during service of lower priority interrupt  
• Vectoring  
– Optimizes interrupt service routine branch and execution  
– One 32-bit vector register per interrupt source  
– Interrupt vector register reads the corresponding current interrupt vector  
• Protect Mode  
– Easy debugging by preventing automatic operations  
• Fast Forcing  
– Permits redirecting any interrupt source on the fast interrupt  
• General Interrupt Mask  
– Provides processor synchronization on events without triggering an interrupt  
9.6  
Debug Unit  
• Comprises:  
– One two-pin UART  
– One Interface for the Debug Communication Channel (DCC) support  
– One set of Chip ID Registers  
– One Interface providing ICE Access Prevention  
Two-pin UART  
– Implemented features are compatible with the USART  
– Programmable Baud Rate Generator  
– Parity, Framing and Overrun Error  
– Automatic Echo, Local Loopback and Remote Loopback Channel Modes  
• Debug Communication Channel Support  
– Offers visibility of COMMRX and COMMTX signals from the ARM Processor  
• Chip ID Registers  
– Identification of the device revision, sizes of the embedded memories, set of  
peripherals  
– Chip ID is 0x270d0940 (VERSION 0)  
9.7  
9.8  
Periodic Interval Timer  
• 20-bit programmable counter plus 12-bit interval counter  
Watchdog Timer  
• 12-bit key-protected Programmable Counter running on prescaled SCLK  
• Provides reset or interrupt signals to the system  
• Counter may be stopped while the processor is in debug state or in idle mode  
9.9  
Real-time Timer  
• 32-bit free-running counter with alarm running on prescaled SCLK  
• Programmable 16-bit prescaler for SLCK accuracy compensation  
22  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
9.10 PIO Controller  
• One PIO Controller, controlling 32 I/O lines  
• Fully programmable through set/clear registers  
• Multiplexing of two peripheral functions per I/O line  
• For each I/O line (whether assigned to a peripheral or used as general-purpose I/O)  
– Input change interrupt  
– Half a clock period glitch filter  
– Multi-drive option enables driving in open drain  
– Programmable pull-up on each I/O line  
– Pin data status register, supplies visibility of the level on the pin at any time  
• Synchronous output, provides Set and Clear of several I/O lines in a single write  
9.11 Voltage Regulator Controller  
The aim of this controller is to select the Power Mode of the Voltage Regulator between Nor-  
mal Mode (bit 0 is cleared) or Standby Mode (bit 0 is set).  
23  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
10. Peripherals  
10.1 Peripheral Mapping  
Each peripheral is allocated 16 Kbytes of address space.  
Figure 10-1. User Peripheral Mapping  
Peripheral Name  
Size  
0xF000 0000  
Reserved  
0xFFF9 FFFF  
0xFFFA 0000  
TC0, TC1, TC2  
Timer/Counter 0, 1 and 2  
16 Kbytes  
0xFFFA 3FFF  
0xFFFA 4000  
Reserved  
0xFFFA FFFF  
0xFFFB 0000  
UDP  
USB Device Port  
16 Kbytes  
16 Kbytes  
0xFFFB 3FFF  
0xFFFB 4000  
Reserved  
0xFFFB 7FFF  
0xFFFB 8000  
TWI  
Two-Wire Interface  
0xFFFB BFFF  
0xFFFB C000  
Reserved  
0xFFFB FFFF  
0xFFFC 0000  
USART0  
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous  
Receiver Transmitter 0  
16 Kbytes  
16 Kbytes  
0xFFFC 3FFF  
0xFFFC 4000  
USART1  
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous  
Receiver Transmitter 1  
0xFFFC 7FFF  
0xFFFC 8000  
Reserved  
0xFFFC BFFF  
0xFFFC C000  
16 Kbytes  
PWMC  
PWM Controller  
0xFFFC FFFF  
0xFFFD 0000  
Reserved  
0xFFFD 3FFF  
0xFFFD 4000  
SSC  
Serial Synchronous Controller  
Analog-to-Digital Converter  
16 Kbytes  
16 Kbytes  
0xFFFD 7FFF  
0xFFFD 8000  
ADC  
0xFFFD BFFF  
0xFFFD C000  
Reserved  
0xFFFD FFFF  
0xFFFE 0000  
SPI  
Serial Peripheral Interface  
16 Kbytes  
0xFFFE 3FFF  
0xFFFE 4000  
Reserved  
0xFFFE FFFF  
24  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
10.2 Peripheral Multiplexing on PIO Lines  
The AT91SAM7S256 features one PIO controller, PIOA, that multiplexes the I/O lines of the  
peripheral set.  
PIO Controller A controls 32 lines. Each line can be assigned to one of two peripheral func-  
tions, A or B. Some of them can also be multiplexed with the analog inputs of the ADC  
Controller.  
Table 10-1 on page 26 defines how the I/O lines of the peripherals A, B or the analog inputs  
are multiplexed on the PIO Controller A. The two columns “Function” and “Comments” have  
been inserted for the user’s own comments; they may be used to track how pins are defined in  
an application.  
Note that some peripheral functions that are output only may be duplicated in the table.  
All pins reset in their Parallel I/O lines function are configured in input with the programmable  
pull-up enabled, so that the device is maintained in a static state as soon as a reset is  
detected.  
25  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
10.3 PIO Controller A Multiplexing  
Table 10-1. Multiplexing on PIO Controller A  
PIO Controller A  
Application Usage  
Function Comments  
I/O Line  
PA0  
Peripheral A  
PWM0  
PWM1  
PWM2  
TWD  
Peripheral B  
TIOA0  
TIOB0  
SCK0  
Comments  
High-Drive  
High-Drive  
High-Drive  
High-Drive  
PA1  
PA2  
PA3  
NPCS3  
TCLK0  
NPCS3  
PCK0  
PA4  
TWCK  
RXD0  
TXD0  
RTS0  
CTS0  
DRXD  
DTXD  
NPCS0  
MISO  
MOSI  
SPCK  
TF  
PA5  
PA6  
PA7  
PWM3  
ADTRG  
NPCS1  
NPCS2  
PWM0  
PWM1  
PWM2  
PWM3  
TIOA1  
TIOB1  
PCK1  
PA8  
PA9  
PA10  
PA11  
PA12  
PA13  
PA14  
PA15  
PA16  
PA17  
PA18  
PA19  
PA20  
PA21  
PA22  
PA23  
PA24  
PA25  
PA26  
PA27  
PA28  
PA29  
PA30  
PA31  
TK  
TD  
AD0  
AD1  
AD2  
AD3  
RD  
PCK2  
RK  
FIQ  
RF  
IRQ0  
RXD1  
TXD1  
SCK1  
RTS1  
CTS1  
DCD1  
DTR1  
DSR1  
RI1  
PCK1  
NPCS3  
PWM0  
PWM1  
PWM2  
TIOA2  
TIOB2  
TCLK1  
TCLK2  
NPCS2  
PCK2  
IRQ1  
NPCS1  
26  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
10.4 Peripheral Identifiers  
The AT91SAM7S256 embeds a wide range of peripherals. Table 10-2 defines the Peripheral  
Identifiers of the AT91SAM7S256. A peripheral identifier is required for the control of the  
peripheral interrupt with the Advanced Interrupt Controller and for the control of the peripheral  
clock with the Power Management Controller.  
Table 10-2. Peripheral Identifiers  
Peripheral  
ID  
Peripheral  
Mnemonic  
Peripheral  
Name  
External  
Interrupt  
0
AIC  
Advanced Interrupt Controller  
System Interrupt  
FIQ  
1
SYSIRQ(1)  
PIOA  
Reserved  
ADC(1)  
SPI  
2
Parallel I/O Controller A  
3
4
Analog-to Digital Converter  
Serial Peripheral Interface  
USART 0  
5
6
US0  
7
US1  
USART 1  
8
SSC  
Synchronous Serial Controller  
Two-wire Interface  
PWM Controller  
9
TWI  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15 - 29  
30  
31  
PWMC  
UDP  
USB Device Port  
Timer/Counter 0  
TC0  
TC1  
Timer/Counter 1  
TC2  
Timer/Counter 2  
Reserved  
AIC  
Advanced Interrupt Controller  
Advanced Interrupt Controller  
IRQ0  
IRQ1  
AIC  
Note:  
1. Setting SYSIRQ and ADC bits in the clock set/clear registers of the PMC has no effect. The  
System Controller is continuously clocked. The ADC clock is automatically started for the  
first conversion. In Sleep Mode the ADC clock is automatically stopped after each  
conversion.  
10.5 Serial Peripheral Interface  
• Supports communication with external serial devices  
– Four chip selects with external decoder allow communication with up to 15  
peripherals  
– Serial memories, such as DataFlash® and 3-wire EEPROMs  
– Serial peripherals, such as ADCs, DACs, LCD Controllers, CAN Controllers and  
Sensors  
– External co-processors  
• Master or slave serial peripheral bus interface  
– 8- to 16-bit programmable data length per chip select  
– Programmable phase and polarity per chip select  
27  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
– Programmable transfer delays between consecutive transfers and between clock  
and data per chip select  
– Programmable delay between consecutive transfers  
– Selectable mode fault detection  
– Maximum frequency at up to Master Clock  
10.6 Two-wire Interface  
• Master Mode only  
• Compatibility with standard two-wire serial memories  
• One, two or three bytes for slave address  
• Sequential read/write operations  
10.7 USART  
• Programmable Baud Rate Generator  
• 5- to 9-bit full-duplex synchronous or asynchronous serial communications  
– 1, 1.5 or 2 stop bits in Asynchronous Mode  
– 1 or 2 stop bits in Synchronous Mode  
– Parity generation and error detection  
– Framing error detection, overrun error detection  
– MSB or LSB first  
– Optional break generation and detection  
– By 8 or by 16 over-sampling receiver frequency  
– Hardware handshaking RTS - CTS  
– Modem Signals Management DTR-DSR-DCD-RI on USART1  
– Receiver time-out and transmitter timeguard  
– Multi-drop Mode with address generation and detection  
• RS485 with driver control signal  
• ISO7816, T = 0 or T = 1 Protocols for interfacing with smart cards  
– NACK handling, error counter with repetition and iteration limit  
• IrDA modulation and demodulation  
– Communication at up to 115.2 Kbps  
Test Modes  
– Remote Loopback, Local Loopback, Automatic Echo  
10.8 Serial Synchronous Controller  
• Provides serial synchronous communication links used in audio and telecom applications  
• Contains an independent receiver and transmitter and a common clock divider  
• Offers a configurable frame sync and data length  
• Receiver and transmitter can be programmed to start automatically or on detection of  
different event on the frame sync signal  
• Receiver and transmitter include a data signal, a clock signal and a frame synchronization  
signal  
28  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
10.9 Timer Counter  
• Three 16-bit Timer Counter Channels  
– Three output compare or two input capture  
• Wide range of functions including:  
– Frequency measurement  
– Event counting  
– Interval measurement  
– Pulse generation  
– Delay timing  
– Pulse Width Modulation  
– Up/down capabilities  
• Each channel is user-configurable and contains:  
– Three external clock inputs  
– Five internal clock inputs, as defined in Table 10-3  
Table 10-3. Timer Counter Clocks Assignment  
TC Clock Input  
TIMER_CLOCK1  
Clock  
MCK/2  
TIMER_CLOCK2  
TIMER_CLOCK3  
TIMER_CLOCK4  
TIMER_CLOCK5  
MCK/8  
MCK/32  
MCK/128  
MCK/1024  
Two multi-purpose input/output signals  
Two global registers that act on all three TC channels  
10.10 PWM Controller  
• Four channels, one 16-bit counter per channel  
• Common clock generator, providing thirteen different clocks  
– One Modulo n counter providing eleven clocks  
Two independent linear dividers working on modulo n counter outputs  
• Independent channel programming  
– Independent enable/disable commands  
– Independent clock selection  
– Independent period and duty cycle, with double bufferization  
– Programmable selection of the output waveform polarity  
– Programmable center or left aligned output waveform  
10.11 USB Device Port  
• USB V2.0 full-speed compliant,12 Mbits per second.  
• Embedded USB V2.0 full-speed transceiver  
29  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
• Embedded 328-byte dual-port RAM for endpoints  
• Four endpoints  
– Endpoint 0: 8 bytes  
– Endpoint 1 and 2: 64 bytes ping-pong  
– Endpoint 3: 64 bytes  
– Ping-pong Mode (two memory banks) for bulk endpoints  
• Suspend/resume logic  
10.12 Analog-to-digital Converter  
• 8-channel ADC  
• 10-bit 384 Ksamples/sec. Successive Approximation Register ADC  
• -3/+3 LSB Integral Non Linearity, -2/+2 LSB Differential Non Linearity  
• Integrated 8-to-1 multiplexer, offering eight independent 3.3V analog inputs  
• External voltage reference for better accuracy on low voltage inputs  
• Individual enable and disable of each channel  
• Multiple trigger source  
– Hardware or software trigger  
– External trigger pin  
– Timer Counter 0 to 2 outputs TIOA0 to TIOA2 trigger  
• Sleep Mode and conversion sequencer  
– Automatic wakeup on trigger and back to sleep mode after conversions of all  
enabled channels  
• Four of eight analog inputs shared with digital signals  
30  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
AT91SAM7S256  
11. AT91SAM7S256 Ordering Information  
Table 11-1. Ordering Information  
Temperature  
Ordering Code  
Package  
Package Type  
ROM Code Revision  
Operating Range  
Industrial  
(-40° C to 85° C)  
AT91SAM7S256-AU-001  
LQFP 64  
Green  
001  
31  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
Revision History  
Doc. Rev.  
6117AS  
6117BS  
Date  
Comments  
Change Request Ref.  
20-Oct-05  
07-Apr-05  
First issue. Qualified on web  
Update qualified on web.  
CSR 04-432  
Section 9.3 ”Clock Generator” on page 20, PLL output range chaged to  
“between 80 and 220 MHz  
Evolutions in full datasheet implemented  
Datasheet Review  
Cycle  
Table 3-1, “Signal Description List,” on page 4 VDDIN, VDDIO, TST  
Section 5.1 ”Power Supplies” on page 8 VDDIN  
Section 5.3 ”Voltage Regulator” on page 8 “consumes less than 25 µA”  
Section 8.2.1 ”Flash Overview” on page 15 text added  
Section 9.2 ”Reset Controller” on page 19 text added  
Section 10.12 ”Analog-to-digital Converter” on page 30 change to 2nd and  
3rd lines  
Global: font error kW to kcorrected  
Global: PGMEN2 added.  
32  
AT91SAM7S256  
6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  
Atmel Corporation  
Atmel Operations  
2325 Orchard Parkway  
San Jose, CA 95131, USA  
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311  
Fax: 1(408) 487-2600  
Memory  
RF/Automotive  
Theresienstrasse 2  
Postfach 3535  
74025 Heilbronn, Germany  
Tel: (49) 71-31-67-0  
Fax: (49) 71-31-67-2340  
2325 Orchard Parkway  
San Jose, CA 95131, USA  
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311  
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314  
Regional Headquarters  
Microcontrollers  
2325 Orchard Parkway  
San Jose, CA 95131, USA  
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311  
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314  
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.  
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA  
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300  
Europe  
Atmel Sarl  
Route des Arsenaux 41  
Case Postale 80  
CH-1705 Fribourg  
Switzerland  
Tel: (41) 26-426-5555  
Fax: (41) 26-426-5500  
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759  
Biometrics/Imaging/Hi-Rel MPU/  
High Speed Converters/RF Datacom  
Avenue de Rochepleine  
La Chantrerie  
BP 70602  
44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France  
Tel: (33) 2-40-18-18-18  
Fax: (33) 2-40-18-19-60  
BP 123  
38521 Saint-Egreve Cedex, France  
Tel: (33) 4-76-58-30-00  
Fax: (33) 4-76-58-34-80  
Asia  
Room 1219  
Chinachem Golden Plaza  
77 Mody Road Tsimshatsui  
East Kowloon  
Hong Kong  
Tel: (852) 2721-9778  
Fax: (852) 2722-1369  
ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards  
Zone Industrielle  
13106 Rousset Cedex, France  
Tel: (33) 4-42-53-60-00  
Fax: (33) 4-42-53-60-01  
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.  
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA  
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300  
Japan  
9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg.  
1-24-8 Shinkawa  
Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033  
Japan  
Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551  
Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581  
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759  
Scottish Enterprise Technology Park  
Maxwell Building  
East Kilbride G75 0QR, Scotland  
Tel: (44) 1355-803-000  
Fax: (44) 1355-242-743  
Literature Requests  
www.atmel.com/literature  
Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any  
intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN ATMELS TERMS AND CONDI-  
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6117BS–ATARM–07-Apr-05  

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