ATXMEGA16A4-MHR_技术文档

Features

• High-performance, Low-power 8/16-bit Atmel^®AVR^®XMEGA^™Microcontroller

• Non-volatile Program and Data Memories

– 16 KB - 128 KB of In-System Self-Programmable Flash

– 4 KB - 8 KB Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits

– 1 KB - 2 KB EEPROM

– 2 KB - 8 KB Internal SRAM

• Peripheral Features

– Four-channel DMA Controller with support for external requests

– Eight-channel Event System

– Five 16-bit Timer/Counters

8/16-bit

XMEGA A4

Microcontroller

Three Timer/Counters with 4 Output Compare or Input Capture channels

Two Timer/Counters with 2 Output Compare or Input Capture channels

High-Resolution Extensions on all Timer/Counters

Advanced Waveform Extension on one Timer/Counter

– Five USARTs

IrDA Extension on one USART

– Two Two-Wire Interfaces with dual address match (I²C and SMBus compatible)

– Two SPIs (Serial Peripheral Interfaces) peripherals

– AES and DES Crypto Engine

ATxmega128A4

ATxmega64A4

ATxmega32A4

ATxmega16A4

– 16-bit Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator

– One Twelve-channel, 12-bit, 2 Msps Analog to Digital Converter

– One Two-channel, 12-bit, 1 Msps Digital to Analog Converter

– Two Analog Comparators with Window compare function

– External Interrupts on all General Purpose I/O pins

– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Ultra Low Power Oscillator

• Special Microcontroller Features

– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection

– Internal and External Clock Options with PLL

– Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller

– Sleep Modes: Idle, Power-down, Standby, Power-save, Extended Standby

– Advanced Programming, Test and Debugging Interfaces

PDI (Program and Debug Interface) for programming, test and debugging

• I/O and Packages

Not recommended for

new designs - Use

XMEGA A4U series

– 34 Programmable I/O Lines

– 44 - lead TQFP

– 44 - pad VQFN/QFN

– 49 - ball VFBGA

• Operating Voltage

– 1.6 – 3.6V

• Speed performance

– 0 – 12 MHz @ 1.6 – 3.6V

– 0 – 32 MHz @ 2.7 – 3.6V

Typical Applications

• Industrial control

• Factory automation

• Building control

• Board control

• Climate control

• Hand-held battery applications

• Power tools

• HVAC

• Metering

• Medical Applications

• ZigBee

• Motor control

• Networking

• Optical

• White Goods

8069R–AVR–06/2013

Not recommended for new designs -

Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

1. Ordering Information

Ordering Code

Flash

E²

SRAM

8 KB

4 KB

2 KB

8 KB

4 KB

2 KB

4 KB

2 KB

Speed (MHz) Power Supply Package^(1)(2)(3)

Temp

ATxmega128A4-AU

ATxmega64A4-AU

ATxmega32A4-AU

ATxmega16A4-AU

ATxmega128A4-MH

ATxmega64A4-MH

ATxmega32A4-MH

ATxmega16A4-MH

ATxmega32A4-CU

ATxmega16A4-CU

128 KB + 8 KB

64 KB + 4 KB

32 KB + 4 KB

16 KB + 4 KB

128 KB + 8 KB

64 KB + 4 KB

32 KB + 4 KB

16 KB + 4 KB

32 KB + 4K

2 KB

1 KB

2 KB

1 KB

32

1.6 - 3.6V

44A

-40C - 85C

44M1

49C2

16 KB + 4 KB

Notes: 1. This device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact your local Atmel sales office for detailed ordering information.

2. Pb-free packaging, complies to the European Directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS directive). Also

Halide free and fully Green.

3. For packaging information see ”Packaging information” on page 58.

Package Type

44A

44-Lead, 10 x 10 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness, 0.8 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)

44-Pad, 7x7x1 mm Body, Lead Pitch 0.50 mm, 5.20 mm Exposed Pad, Thermally Enhanced Plastic Very Thin Quad No Lead Package

(VQFN)

44M1

49C2

49-Ball (7 x 7 Array), 0.65 mm Pitch, 5.0 x 5.0 x 1.0 mm, Very Thin, Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array Package (VFBGA)

2

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XMEGA A4

2. Pinout/Block Diagram

Figure 2-1. Bock Diagram and TQFP/QFN pinout

INDEX CORNER

33

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

24

23

PE3

PE2

VCC

GND

PE1

PE0

PD7

PD6

PD5

PD4

PD3

PA5

PA6

1

Port R

DATA BU S

2

OSC/CLK

Control

ADC A

AC A0

AC A1

PA7

3

BOD

TEMP

VREF

RTC

POR

OCD

PB0

PB1

PB2

PB3

GND

VCC

PC0

PC1

4

Power

Control

FLASH

5

CPU

DMA

RAM

Reset

Control

6

E²PROM

Interrupt Controller

Event System ctrl

DATA BU S

7

DAC B

Watchdog

8

EVENT ROUTING NETWORK

9

10

11

Port C

Port D

Port E

Notes: 1. For full details on pinout and pin functions refer to ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 49.

2. The large center pad underneath the QFN/MLF package should be soldered to ground on the board to ensure good

mechanical stability.

3

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XMEGA A4

Figure 2-2. VFBGA pinout

Top view

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Bottom view

7 6 5 4 3 2

1

A

B

C

D

E

F

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Table 2-1.

VFBGA pinout

1

2

3

4

5

PR0

6

A

B

C

D

E

F

PA3

PA4

PA5

PB1

GND

VCC

PC1

AVCC

PA1

PA2

PB2

GND

PC0

PC2

GND

PA0

PA6

PB3

PC3

PC4

PC5

PR1

GND

PA7

PB0

GND

PC6

PC7

PDI

PE3

RESET/PDI

GND

PE2

PE1

PD7

PD5

PD1

VCC

GND

PE0

PD6

PD3

PD2

GND

PD4

PD0

G

GND

4

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

3. Overview

The Atmel^®AVR^®XMEGA^™A4 is a family of low power, high performance and peripheral rich

CMOS 8/16-bit microcontrollers based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing

powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the XMEGA A4 achieves throughputs approaching

1 Million Instructions Per Second (MIPS) per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize

power consumption versus processing speed.

The AVR CPU combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the

32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent

registers to be accessed in one single instruction, executed in one clock cycle. The resulting

architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs many times faster than conven-

tional single-accumulator or CISC based microcontrollers.

The XMEGA A4 devices provide the following features: In-System Programmable Flash with

Read-While-Write capabilities, Internal EEPROM and SRAM, four-channel DMA Controller,

eight-channel Event System, Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller, 34 general purpose

I/O lines, 16-bit Real Time Counter (RTC), five flexible 16-bit Timer/Counters with compare

modes and PWM, five USARTs, two Two Wire Serial Interfaces (TWIs), two Serial Peripheral

Interfaces (SPIs), AES and DES crypto engine, one Twelve-channel, 12-bit ADC with optional

differential input with programmable gain, one Two-channel 12-bit DAC, two analog comparators

with window mode, programmable Watchdog Timer with separate Internal Oscillator, accurate

internal oscillators with PLL and prescaler and programmable Brown-Out Detection.

The Program and Debug Interface (PDI), a fast 2-pin interface for programming and debugging,

is available.

The XMEGA A4 devices have five software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode

stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, DMA Controller, Event System, Interrupt Controller and

all peripherals to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the SRAM and register

contents but stops the oscillators, disabling all other functions until the next TWI or pin-change

interrupt, or Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous Real Time Counter continues to run,

allowing the application to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. In

Standby mode, the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is kept running while the rest of the device is

sleeping. This allows very fast start-up from external crystal combined with low power consump-

tion. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue

to run. To further reduce power consumption, the peripheral clock to each individual peripheral

can optionally be stopped in Active mode and in Idle sleep mode.

The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The pro-

gram Flash memory can be reprogrammed in-system through the PDI. A Bootloader running in

the device can use any interface to download the application program to the Flash memory. The

Bootloader software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash

section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8/16-bit RISC

CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash, the Atmel XMEGA A4 is a powerful microcon-

troller family that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution for many embedded

applications.

The XMEGA A4 devices are supported with a full suite of program and system development

tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, programmers,

and evaluation kits.

5

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

3.1

Block Diagram

Figure 3-1. XMEGA A4 Block Diagram

PR[0..1]

XTAL1/

TOSC1

XTAL2/

TOSC2

Oscillator

Circuits/

Clock

Watchdog

Oscillator

Real Time

Counter

PORT R (2)

Generation

Watchdog

Timer

DATA BUS

SRAM

VCC

GND

Power

Supervision

POR/BOD &

RESET

Event System

Controller

Oscillator

Control

PA[0..7]

PORT A (8)

DMA

Controller

Sleep

Controller

ACA

RESET/

PDI_CLK

PDI

ADCA

PDI_DATA

BUS

Controller

Prog/Debug

Controller

AREFA

VCC/10

Int. Ref.

Tempref

AREFB

DES

OCD

CPU

Interrupt

Controller

AES

PB[0..3]

PORT B (4)

DACB

NVM Controller

TWIE

USARTE0

TCE0

PE[0..3]

Flash

EEPROM

IRCOM

DATA BUS

EVENT ROUTING NETWORK

PORT C (8)

PORT D (8)

PC[0..7]

PD[0..7]

6

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

4. Resources

A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for

download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.

4.1

Recommended reading

• Atmel AVR XMEGA A Manual

• XMEGA A Application Notes

This device data sheet only contains part specific information and a short description of each

peripheral and module. The XMEGA A Manual describes the modules and peripherals in depth.

The XMEGA A application notes contain example code and show applied use of the modules

and peripherals.

The XMEGA A Manual and Application Notes are available from http://www.atmel.com/avr.

5. Disclaimer

For devices that are not available yet, typical values contained in this datasheet are based on

simulations and characterization of other AVR XMEGA microcontrollers manufactured on the

same process technology. Min. and Max values will be available after the device is

characterized.

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XMEGA A4

6. AVR CPU

6.1

Features

• 8/16-bit high performance AVR RISC Architecture

– 138 instructions

– Hardware multiplier

• 32x8-bit registers directly connected to the ALU

• Stack in RAM

• Stack Pointer accessible in I/O memory space

• Direct addressing of up to 16M Bytes of program and data memory

• True 16/24-bit access to 16/24-bit I/O registers

• Support for 8-, 16- and 32-bit Arithmetic

• Configuration Change Protection of system critical features

6.2

Overview

The XMEGA A4 uses the 8/16-bit AVR CPU. The main function of the CPU is program execu-

tion. The CPU must therefore be able to access memories, perform calculations and control

peripherals. Interrupt handling is described in a separate section. Figure 6-1 on page 8 shows

the CPU block diagram.

Figure 6-1. CPU block diagram

DATA BUS

Flash

Program

Counter

Memory

32 x 8 General

Purpose

Registers

Instruction

Register

OCD

STATUS/

CONTROL

Instruction

Decode

Multiplier/

DES

ALU

DATA BUS

Peripheral

Module 1

Peripheral

Module 2

SRAM

EEPROM

PMIC

The AVR uses a Harvard architecture - with separate memories and buses for program and

data. Instructions in the program memory are executed with a single level pipeline. While one

instruction is being executed, the next instruction is pre-fetched from the program memory. This

8

Not recommended for new designs -

8069R–AVR–06/2013

Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

concept enables instructions to be executed in every clock cycle. The program memory is In-

System Re-programmable Flash memory.

6.3

Register File

The fast-access Register File contains 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers with single

clock cycle access time. This allows single-cycle Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) operation. In a typ-

ical ALU cycle, the operation is performed on two Register File operands, and the result is stored

back in the Register File.

Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit address register pointers for data space

addressing - enabling efficient address calculations. One of these address pointers can also be

used as an address pointer for look up tables in Flash program memory.

6.4

ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit

The high performance Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) supports arithmetic and logic operations

between registers or between a constant and a register. Single register operations can also be

executed. Within a single clock cycle, arithmetic operations between general purpose registers

or between a register and an immediate are executed. After an arithmetic or logic operation, the

Status Register is updated to reflect information about the result of the operation.

The ALU operations are divided into three main categories – arithmetic, logical, and bit-func-

tions. Both 8- and 16-bit arithmetic is supported, and the instruction set allows for efficient

implementation of 32-bit arithmetic. The ALU also provides a powerful multiplier supporting both

signed and unsigned multiplication and fractional format.

6.5

Program Flow

When the device is powered on, the CPU starts to execute instructions from the lowest address

in the Flash Program Memory ‘0’. The Program Counter (PC) addresses the next instruction to

be fetched. After a reset, the PC is set to location ‘0’.

Program flow is provided by conditional and unconditional jump and call instructions, capable of

addressing the whole address space directly. Most AVR instructions use a 16-bit word format,

while a limited number uses a 32-bit format.

During interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address PC is stored on the Stack. The Stack

is effectively allocated in the general data SRAM, and consequently the Stack size is only limited

by the total SRAM size and the usage of the SRAM. After reset the Stack Pointer (SP) points to

the highest address in the internal SRAM. The SP is read/write accessible in the I/O memory

space, enabling easy implementation of multiple stacks or stack areas. The data SRAM can

easily be accessed through the five different addressing modes supported in the AVR CPU.

9

Not recommended for new designs -

8069R–AVR–06/2013

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XMEGA A4

7. Memories

7.1

Features

• Flash Program Memory

– One linear address space

– In-System Programmable

– Self-Programming and Bootloader support

– Application Section for application code

– Application Table Section for application code or data storage

– Boot Section for application code or bootloader code

– Separate lock bits and protection for all sections

– Built in fast CRC check of a selectable flash program memory section

• Data Memory

– One linear address space

– Single cycle access from CPU

– SRAM

– EEPROM

Byte and page accessible

Optional memory mapping for direct load and store

– I/O Memory

Configuration and Status registers for all peripherals and modules

16 bit-accessible General Purpose Register for global variables or flags

– Bus arbitration

Safe and deterministic handling of CPU and DMA Controller priority

– Separate buses for SRAM, EEPROM, I/O Memory and External Memory access

Simultaneous bus access for CPU and DMA Controller

• Production Signature Row Memory for factory programmed data

Device ID for each microcontroller device type

Serial number for each device

Oscillator calibration bytes

ADC, DAC and temperature sensor calibration data

• User Signature Row

One flash page in size

Can be read and written from software

Content is kept after chip erase

7.2

Overview

The AVR architecture has two main memory spaces, the Program Memory and the Data Mem-

ory. In addition, the XMEGA A4 features an EEPROM Memory for non-volatile data storage. All

three memory spaces are linear and require no paging. The available memory size configura-

tions are shown in ”Ordering Information” on page 2. In addition each device has a Flash

memory signature row for calibration data, device identification, serial number etc.

Non-volatile memory spaces can be locked for further write or read/write operations. This pre-

vents unrestricted access to the application software.

10

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XMEGA A4

7.3

In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory

The XMEGA A4 devices contain On-chip In-System Programmable Flash memory for program

storage, see Figure 7-1 on page 11. Since all AVR instructions are 16- or 32-bits wide, each

Flash address location is 16 bits.

The Program Flash memory space is divided into Application and Boot sections. Both sections

have dedicated Lock Bits for setting restrictions on write or read/write operations. The Store Pro-

gram Memory (SPM) instruction must reside in the Boot Section when used to write to the Flash

memory.

A third section inside the Application section is referred to as the Application Table section which

has separate Lock bits for storage of write or read/write protection. The Application Table sec-

tion can be used for storing non-volatile data or application software.

Figure 7-1. Flash Program Memory (Hexadecimal address)

Word Address

0

Application Section

(128 KB/64 KB/32 KB/16 KB)

...

EFFF

F000

/

77FF

7800

7FFF

8000

87FF

/

37FF

3800

3FFF

4000

47FF

/

17FF

1800

1FFF

2000

27FF

Application Table Section

(4 KB/4 KB/4 KB/4 KB)

FFFF

10000

10FFF

Boot Section

(8 KB/4 KB/4 KB/4 KB)

The Application Table Section and Boot Section can also be used for general application

software.

11

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XMEGA A4

7.4

Data Memory

The Data Memory consist of the I/O Memory, EEPROM and SRAM memories, all within one lin-

ear address space, see Figure 7-2 on page 12. To simplify development, the memory map for all

devices in the family is identical and with empty, reserved memory space for smaller devices.

Figure 7-2. Data Memory Map (Hexadecimal address)

Byte Address

ATxmega64A4

Byte Address

ATxmega32A4

Byte Address

ATxmega16A4

0

I/O Registers

(4 KB)

I/O Registers

(4 KB)

I/O Registers

(4 KB)

FFF

1000

17FF

FFF

1000

13FF

FFF

1000

13FF

EEPROM

(2 KB)

EEPROM

(1 KB)

EEPROM

(1 KB)

RESERVED

2000

2FFF

2000

2FFF

2000

27FF

Internal SRAM

(4 KB)

Internal SRAM

(4 KB)

Internal SRAM

(2 KB)

Byte Address

ATxmega128A4

0

FFF

I/O Registers

(4 KB)

1000

17FF

EEPROM

(2 KB)

RESERVED

2000

3FFF

Internal SRAM

(8 KB)

7.4.1

I/O Memory

All peripherals and modules are addressable through I/O memory locations in the data memory

space. All I/O memory locations can be accessed by the Load (LD/LDS/LDD) and Store

(ST/STS/STD) instructions, transferring data between the 32 general purpose registers in the

CPU and the I/O Memory.

The IN and OUT instructions can address I/O memory locations in the range 0x00 - 0x3F

directly.

I/O registers within the address range 0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and

CBI instructions. The value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instruc-

tions on these registers.

The I/O memory address for all peripherals and modules in XMEGA A4 is shown in the ”Periph-

eral Module Address Map” on page 53.

7.4.2

SRAM Data Memory

The XMEGA A4 devices have internal SRAM memory for data storage.

12

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XMEGA A4

7.4.3

EEPROM Data Memory

The XMEGA A4 devices have internal EEPROM memory for non-volatile data storage. It is

addressable either in a separate data space or it can be memory mapped into the normal data

memory space. The EEPROM memory supports both byte and page access.

7.5

Production Signature Row

The Production Signature Row is a separate memory section for factory programmed data. It

contains calibration data for functions such as oscillators and analog modules.

The production signature row also contains a device ID that identify each microcontroller device

type, and a serial number that is unique for each manufactured device. The device ID for the

available XMEGA A4 devices is shown in Table 7-1 on page 13. The serial number consist of

the production LOT number, wafer number, and wafer coordinates for the device.

The production signature row can not be written or erased, but it can be read from both applica-

tion software and external programming.

Table 7-1.

Device ID bytes for XMEGA A4 devices.

Device

Device ID bytes

Byte 2

Byte 1

94

Byte 0

1E

ATxmega16A4

ATxmega32A4

ATxmega64A4

ATxmega128A4

41

46

95

1E

96

1E

97

1E

7.6

User Signature Row

The User Signature Row is a separate memory section that is fully accessible (read and write)

from application software and external programming. The user signature row is one flash page

in size, and is meant for static user parameter storage, such as calibration data, custom serial

numbers or identification numbers, random number seeds etc. This section is not erased by

Chip Erase commands that erase the Flash, and requires a dedicated erase command. This

ensures parameter storage during multiple program/erase session and on-chip debug sessions.

13

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XMEGA A4

7.7

Flash and EEPROM Page Size

The Flash Program Memory and EEPROM data memory are organized in pages. The pages are

word accessible for the Flash and byte accessible for the EEPROM.

Table 7-2 on page 14 shows the Flash Program Memory organization. Flash write and erase

operations are performed on one page at a time, while reading the Flash is done one byte at a

time. For Flash access the Z-pointer (Z[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant bits in

the address (FPAGE) give the page number and the least significant address bits (FWORD)

give the word in the page.

Table 7-2.

Number of words and Pages in the Flash.

Devices

Flash

Page Size

FWORD

FPAGE

Application

Boot

No of Pages

Size

(words)

128

Size

No of Pages

Size

4 KB

8 KB

ATxmega16A4

ATxmega32A4

ATxmega64A4

ATxmega128A4

16 KB + 4 KB

32 KB + 4 KB

64 KB + 4 KB

128 KB + 8 KB

Z[6:0]

Z[7:0]

Z[13:7]

Z[14:7]

Z[15:7]

Z[16:8]

16 KB

32 KB

64 KB

128 KB

64

16

128

256

128

256

Table 7-3 on page 14 shows EEPROM memory organization for the XMEGA A4 devices.

EEPROM write and erase operations can be performed one page or one byte at a time, while

reading the EEPROM is done one byte at a time. For EEPROM access the NVM Address Regis-

ter (ADDR[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant bits in the address (E2PAGE) give

the page number and the least significant address bits (E2BYTE) give the byte in the page.

Table 7-3.

EEPROM

Size

Number of Bytes and Pages in the EEPROM.

Devices

Page Size

E2BYTE

E2PAGE

No of Pages

(Bytes)

32

ATxmega16A4

ATxmega32A4

ATxmega64A4

ATxmega128A4

1 KB

ADDR[4:0]

ADDR[10:5]

32

64

1 KB

32

2 KB

32

2 KB

32

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XMEGA A4

8. DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller

8.1

Features

• Allows High-speed data transfer

– From memory to peripheral

– From memory to memory

– From peripheral to memory

– From peripheral to peripheral

• 4 Channels

• From 1 byte and up to 16 M bytes transfers in a single transaction

• Multiple addressing modes for source and destination address

– Increment

– Decrement

– Static

• 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes Burst Transfers

• Programmable priority between channels

8.2

Overview

The XMEGA A4 has a Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller to move data between memories

and peripherals in the data space. The DMA controller uses the same data bus as the CPU to

transfer data.

It has 4 channels that can be configured independently. Each DMA channel can perform data

transfers in blocks of configurable size from 1 to 64K bytes. A repeat counter can be used to

repeat each block transfer for single transactions up to 16M bytes. Each DMA channel can be

configured to access the source and destination memory address with incrementing, decrement-

ing or static addressing. The addressing is independent for source and destination address.

When the transaction is complete the original source and destination address can automatically

be reloaded to be ready for the next transaction.

The DMAC can access all the peripherals through their I/O memory registers, and the DMA may

be used for automatic transfer of data to/from communication modules, as well as automatic

data retrieval from ADC conversions, data transfer to DAC conversions, or data transfer to or

from port pins. A wide range of transfer triggers is available from the peripherals, Event System

and software. Each DMA channel has different transfer triggers.

To allow for continuous transfer, two channels can be interlinked so that the second takes over

the transfer when the first is finished and vice versa.

The DMA controller can read from memory mapped EEPROM, but it cannot write to the

EEPROM or access the Flash.

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XMEGA A4

9. Event System

9.1

Features

• Inter-peripheral communication and signalling with minimum latency

• CPU and DMA independent operation

• 8 Event Channels allow for up to 8 signals to be routed at the same time

• Events can be generated by

– TImer/Counters (TCxn)

– Real Time Counter (RTC)

– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)

– Analog Comparators (ACx)

– Ports (PORTx)

– System Clock (Clk_SYS

)

– Software (CPU)

• Events can be used by

– TImer/Counters (TCxn)

– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)

– Digital to Analog Converters (DACx)

– Ports (PORTx)

– DMA Controller (DMAC)

– IR Communication Module (IRCOM)

• The same event can be used by multiple peripherals for synchronized timing

• Advanced Features

– Manual Event Generation from software (CPU)

– Quadrature Decoding

– Digital Filtering

• Functions in Active and Idle mode

9.2

Overview

The Event System is a set of features for inter-peripheral communication. It enables the possibil-

ity for a change of state in one peripheral to automatically trigger actions in one or more

peripherals. Whose changes in a peripheral that will trigger actions in other peripherals are con-

figurable by software. It is a simple, but powerful system as it allows for autonomous control of

peripherals without any use of interrupts, CPU or DMA resources.

The indication of a change in a peripheral is referred to as an event, and is usually the same as

the interrupt conditions for that peripheral. Events are passed between peripherals using a dedi-

cated routing network called the Event Routing Network. Figure 9-1 on page 17 shows a basic

block diagram of the Event System with the Event Routing Network and the peripherals to which

it is connected. This highly flexible system can be used for simple routing of signals, pin func-

tions or for sequencing of events.

The maximum latency is two CPU clock cycles from when an event is generated in one periph-

eral, until the actions are triggered in one or more other peripherals.

The Event System is functional in both Active and Idle modes.

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Figure 9-1. Event System Block Diagram

ClkSYS

PORTx

CPU

ADCx

RTC

ACx

Event Routing

Network

DACx

IRCOM

DMAC

T/Cxn

The Event Routing Network can directly connect together ADCs, DACs, Analog Comparators

(ACx), I/O ports (PORTx), the Real-time Counter (RTC), Timer/Counters (T/C) and the IR Com-

munication Module (IRCOM). Events can also be generated from software (CPU).

All events from all peripherals are always routed into the Event Routing Network. This consist of

eight multiplexers where each can be configured in software to select which event to be routed

into that event channel. All eight event channels are connected to the peripherals that can use

events, and each of these peripherals can be configured to use events from one or more event

channels to automatically trigger a software selectable action.

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10. System Clock and Clock options

10.1 Features

• Fast start-up time

• Safe run-time clock switching

• Internal Oscillators:

– 32 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator

– 2 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator

– 32.768 kHz calibrated RC oscillator

– 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) oscillator with 1 kHz ouput

• External clock options

– 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator

– 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator

– External clock

• PLL with internal and external clock options with 1 to 31x multiplication

• Clock Prescalers with 1 to 2048x division

• Fast peripheral clock running at 2 and 4 times the CPU clock speed

• Automatic Run-Time Calibration of internal oscillators

• Crystal Oscillator failure detection

10.2 Overview

XMEGA A4 has an advanced clock system, supporting a large number of clock sources. It incor-

porates both integrated oscillators, external crystal oscillators and resonators. A high frequency

Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and clock prescalers can be controlled from software to generate a

wide range of clock frequencies from the clock source input.

It is possible to switch between clock sources from software during run-time. After reset the

device will always start up running from the 2 Mhz internal oscillator.

A calibration feature is available, and can be used for automatic run-time calibration of the inter-

nal 2 MHz and 32 MHz oscillators. This reduce frequency drift over voltage and temperature.

A Crystal Oscillator Failure Monitor can be enabled to issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt and

switch to internal oscillator if the external oscillator fails. Figure 10-1 on page 19 shows the prin-

cipal clock system in XMEGA A4.

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Figure 10-1. Clock system overview

clk_ULP

clk_RTC

WDT/BOD

RTC

32 kHz ULP

Internal Oscillator

32.768 kHz

Calibrated Internal

Oscillator

PERIPHERALS

ADC

2 MHz

Run-Time Calibrated

Internal Oscillator

DAC

PORTS

...

CLOCK CONTROL

UNIT

32 MHz

Run-time Calibrated

Internal Oscillator

clk_PER

with PLL and

Prescaler

DMA

INTERRUPT

EVSYS

32.768 KHz

Crystal Oscillator

RAM

0.4 - 16 MHz

Crystal Oscillator

CPU

NVM MEMORY

FLASH

clk_CPU

External

Clock Input

EEPROM

Each clock source is briefly described in the following sub-sections.

10.3 Clock Options

10.3.1

32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator

The 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) Internal Oscillator is a very low power consumption clock

source. It is used for the Watchdog Timer, Brown-Out Detection and as an asynchronous clock

source for the Real Time Counter. This oscillator cannot be used as the system clock source,

and it cannot be directly controlled from software.

10.3.2

32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator

The 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high accuracy clock source that can be used

as the system clock source or as an asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter. It is

calibrated during production to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal

frequency.

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10.3.3

10.3.4

10.3.5

32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator

The 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator is a low power driver for an external watch crystal. It can be

used as system clock source or as asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter.

0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator

The 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator is a driver intended for driving both external resonators and

crystals ranging from 400 kHz to 16 MHz.

2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator

The 2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated

during production to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The

oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a

source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift

hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.

10.3.6

32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator

The 32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated

during production to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The

oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a

source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift

hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.

10.3.7

10.3.8

External Clock input

The external clock input gives the possibility to connect a clock from an external source.

PLL with Multiplication factor 1 - 31x

The PLL provides the possibility of multiplying a frequency by any number from 1 to 31. In com-

bination with the prescalers, this gives a wide range of output frequencies from all clock sources.

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11. Power Management and Sleep Modes

11.1 Features

• 5 sleep modes

– Idle

– Power-down

– Power-save

– Standby

– Extended standby

• Power Reduction registers to disable clocks to unused peripherals

11.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 provides various sleep modes tailored to reduce power consumption to a mini-

mum. All sleep modes are available and can be entered from Active mode. In Active mode the

CPU is executing application code. The application code decides when and what sleep mode to

enter. Interrupts from enabled peripherals and all enabled reset sources can restore the micro-

controller from sleep to Active mode.

In addition, Power Reduction registers provide a method to stop the clock to individual peripher-

als from software. When this is done, the current state of the peripheral is frozen and there is no

power consumption from that peripheral. This reduces the power consumption in Active mode

and Idle sleep mode.

11.3 Sleep Modes

11.3.1

Idle Mode

In Idle mode the CPU and Non-Volatile Memory are stopped, but all peripherals including the

Interrupt Controller, Event System and DMA Controller are kept running. Interrupt requests from

all enabled interrupts will wake the device.

11.3.2

Power-down Mode

In Power-down mode all system clock sources, and the asynchronous Real Time Counter (RTC)

clock source, are stopped. This allows operation of asynchronous modules only. The only inter-

rupts that can wake up the MCU are the Two Wire Interface address match interrupts, and

asynchronous port interrupts, e.g pin change.

11.3.3

11.3.4

Power-save Mode

Power-save mode is identical to Power-down, with one exception: If the RTC is enabled, it will

keep running during sleep and the device can also wake up from RTC interrupts.

Standby Mode

Standby mode is identical to Power-down with the exception that all enabled system clock

sources are kept running, while the CPU, Peripheral and RTC clocks are stopped. This reduces

the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.

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11.3.5

Extended Standby Mode

Extended Standby mode is identical to Power-save mode with the exception that all enabled

system clock sources are kept running while the CPU and Peripheral clocks are stopped. This

reduces the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.

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12. System Control and Reset

12.1 Features

• Multiple reset sources for safe operation and device reset

– Power-On Reset

– External Reset

– Watchdog Reset

The Watchdog Timer runs from separate, dedicated oscillator

– Brown-Out Reset

Accurate, programmable Brown-Out levels

– PDI reset

– Software reset

• Asynchronous reset

– No running clock in the device is required for reset

• Reset status register

12.2 Resetting the AVR

During reset, all I/O registers are set to their initial values. The SRAM content is not reset. Appli-

cation execution starts from the Reset Vector. The instruction placed at the Reset Vector should

be an Absolute Jump (JMP) instruction to the reset handling routine. By default the Reset Vector

address is the lowest Flash program memory address, ‘0’, but it is possible to move the Reset

Vector to the first address in the Boot Section.

The I/O ports of the AVR are immediately tri-stated when a reset source goes active.

The reset functionality is asynchronous, so no running clock is required to reset the device.

After the device is reset, the reset source can be determined by the application by reading the

Reset Status Register.

12.3 Reset Sources

12.3.1

12.3.2

12.3.3

Power-On Reset

The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Power-on Reset threshold voltage.

External Reset

The MCU is reset when a low level is present on the RESET pin.

Watchdog Reset

The MCU is reset when the Watchdog Timer period expires and the Watchdog Reset is enabled.

The Watchdog Timer runs from a dedicated oscillator independent of the System Clock. For

more details see ”WDT - Watchdog Timer” on page 24.

12.3.4

Brown-Out Reset

The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Brown-Out Reset threshold voltage

and the Brown-out Detector is enabled. The Brown-out threshold voltage is programmable.

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12.3.5

12.3.6

PDI reset

The MCU can be reset through the Program and Debug Interface (PDI).

Software reset

The MCU can be reset by the CPU writing to a special I/O register through a timed sequence.

13. WDT - Watchdog Timer

13.1 Features

• 11 selectable timeout periods, from 8 ms to 8s.

• Two operation modes

– Standard mode

– Window mode

• Runs from the 1 kHz output of the 32 kHz Ultra Low Power oscillator

• Configuration lock to prevent unwanted changes

13.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 has a Watchdog Timer (WDT). The WDT will run continuously when turned on

and if the Watchdog Timer is not reset within a software configurable time-out period, the micro-

controller will be reset. The Watchdog Reset (WDR) instruction must be run by software to reset

the WDT, and prevent microcontroller reset.

The WDT has a Window mode. In this mode the WDR instruction must be run within a specified

period called a window. Application software can set the minimum and maximum limits for this

window. If the WDR instruction is not executed inside the window limits, the microcontroller will

be reset.

A protection mechanism using a timed write sequence is implemented in order to prevent

unwanted enabling, disabling or change of WDT settings.

For maximum safety, the WDT also has an Always-on mode. This mode is enabled by program-

ming a fuse. In Always-on mode, application software can not disable the WDT.

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14. PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller

14.1 Features

• Separate interrupt vector for each interrupt

• Short, predictable interrupt response time

• Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller

– 3 programmable interrupt levels

– Selectable priority scheme within low level interrupts (round-robin or fixed)

– Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMI)

• Interrupt vectors can be moved to the start of the Boot Section

14.2 Overview

XMEGA A4 has a Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller (PMIC). All peripherals can

define three different priority levels for interrupts; high, medium or low. Medium level interrupts

may interrupt low level interrupt service routines. High level interrupts may interrupt both low-

and medium level interrupt service routines. Low level interrupts have an optional round robin

scheme to make sure all interrupts are serviced within a certain amount of time.

The built in oscillator failure detection mechanism can issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI).

14.3 Interrupt vectors

When an interrupt is serviced, the program counter will jump to the interrupt vector address. The

interrupt vector is the sum of the peripheral’s base interrupt address and the offset address for

specific interrupts in each peripheral. The base addresses for the XMEGA A4 devices are shown

in Table 14-1. Offset addresses for each interrupt available in the peripheral are described for

each peripheral in the XMEGA A manual. For peripherals or modules that have only one inter-

rupt, the interrupt vector is shown in Table 14-1. The program address is the word address.

Table 14-1. Reset and Interrupt Vectors

Program Address

(Base Address)

Source

Interrupt Description

0x000

0x002

0x004

0x008

0x00C

0x014

0x018

0x01C

0x028

0x030

0x032

0x038

0x03E

RESET

OSCF_INT_vect

PORTC_INT_base

PORTR_INT_base

DMA_INT_base

RTC_INT_base

TWIC_INT_base

TCC0_INT_base

TCC1_INT_base

SPIC_INT_vect

USARTC0_INT_base

USARTC1_INT_base

AES_INT_vect

Crystal Oscillator Failure Interrupt vector (NMI)

Port C Interrupt base

Port R Interrupt base

DMA Controller Interrupt base

Real Time Counter Interrupt base

Two-Wire Interface on Port C Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 0 on port C Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 1 on port C Interrupt base

SPI on port C Interrupt vector

USART 0 on port C Interrupt base

USART 1 on port C Interrupt base

AES Interrupt vector

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Table 14-1. Reset and Interrupt Vectors (Continued)

Program Address

(Base Address)

Source

Interrupt Description

0x040

NVM_INT_base

PORTB_INT_base

PORTE_INT_base

TWIE_INT_base

TCE0_INT_base

TCE1_INT_base

USARTE0_INT_base

PORTD_INT_base

PORTA_INT_base

ACA_INT_base

Non-Volatile Memory Interrupt base

Port B Interrupt base

0x044

0x056

Port E Interrupt base

0x05A

0x05E

0x06A

0x074

Two-Wire Interface on Port E Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 0 on port E Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 1 on port E Interrupt base

USART 0 on port E Interrupt base

Port D Interrupt base

0x080

0x084

Port A Interrupt base

0x088

Analog Comparator on Port A Interrupt base

0x08E

0x09A

0x0A6

0x0AE

0x0B0

0x0B6

ADCA_INT_base

TCD0_INT_base

TCD1_INT_base

SPID_INT_vector

USARTD0_INT_base

USARTD1_INT_base

Analog to Digital Converter on Port A Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 0 on port D Interrupt base

Timer/Counter 1 on port D Interrupt base

SPI on port D Interrupt vector

USART 0 on port D Interrupt base

USART 1 on port D Interrupt base

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15. I/O Ports

15.1 Features

• Selectable input and output configuration for each pin individually

• Flexible pin configuration through dedicated Pin Configuration Register

• Synchronous and/or asynchronous input sensing with port interrupts and events

– Sense both edges

– Sense rising edges

– Sense falling edges

– Sense low level

• Asynchronous wake-up from all input sensing configurations

• Two port interrupts with flexible pin masking

• Highly configurable output driver and pull settings:

–

Totem-pole

Pull-up/-down

Wired-AND

Wired-OR

Bus-keeper

Inverted I/O

• Optional Slew rate control

• Configuration of multiple pins in a single operation

• Read-Modify-Write (RMW) support

• Toggle/clear/set registers for Output and Direction registers

• Clock output on port pin

• Event Channel 0 output on port pin 7

• Mapping of port registers (virtual ports) into bit accessible I/O memory space

15.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 devices have flexible General Purpose I/O Ports. A port consists of up to 8 pins,

ranging from pin 0 to pin 7. The ports implement several functions, including synchronous/asyn-

chronous input sensing, pin change interrupts and configurable output settings. All functions are

individual per pin, but several pins may be configured in a single operation.

15.3 I/O configuration

All port pins (Pn) have programmable output configuration. In addition, all port pins have an

inverted I/O function. For an input, this means inverting the signal between the port pin and the

pin register. For an output, this means inverting the output signal between the port register and

the port pin. The inverted I/O function can be used also when the pin is used for alternate

functions.

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15.3.1

Push-pull

Figure 15-1. I/O configuration - Totem-pole

DIRn

OUTn

INn

Pn

15.3.2

Pull-down

Figure 15-2. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-down (on input)

DIRn

OUTn

INn

Pn

15.3.3

Pull-up

Figure 15-3. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-up (on input)

DIRn

OUTn

INn

Pn

15.3.4

Bus-keeper

The bus-keeper’s weak output produces the same logical level as the last output level. It acts as

a pull-up if the last level was ‘1’, and pull-down if the last level was ‘0’.

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Figure 15-4. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with bus-keeper

DIRn

OUTn

INn

Pn

15.3.5

Others

Figure 15-5. Output configuration - Wired-OR with optional pull-down

OUTn

Pn

INn

Figure 15-6. I/O configuration - Wired-AND with optional pull-up

INn

Pn

OUTn

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15.4 Input sensing

• Sense both edges

• Sense rising edges

• Sense falling edges

• Sense low level

Input sensing is synchronous or asynchronous depending on the enabled clock for the ports,

and the configuration is shown in Figure 15-7 on page 30.

Figure 15-7. Input sensing system overview

Asynchronous sensing

EDGE

DETECT

Interrupt

Control

IREQ

Synchronous sensing

Pn

Synchronizer

INn

EDGE

DETECT

Q

D

Event

INVERTED I/O

R

When a pin is configured with inverted I/O, the pin value is inverted before the input sensing.

15.5 Port Interrupt

Each port has two interrupts with separate priority and interrupt vector. All pins on the port can

be individually selected as source for each of the interrupts. The interrupts are then triggered

according to the input sense configuration for each pin configured as source for the interrupt.

15.6 Alternate Port Functions

In addition to the input/output functions on all port pins, most pins have alternate functions. This

means that other modules or peripherals connected to the port can use the port pins for their

functions, such as communication or pulse-width modulation. ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on

page 49 shows which modules on peripherals that enable alternate functions on a pin, and

which alternate function is available on a pin.

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16. T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter

16.1 Features

• Five 16-bit Timer/Counters

– Three Timer/Counters of type 0

– Two Timer/Counters of type 1

• Three Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 0

• Two Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 1

• Double Buffered Timer Period Setting

• Double Buffered Compare or Capture Channels

• Waveform Generation:

– Single Slope Pulse Width Modulation

– Dual Slope Pulse Width Modulation

– Frequency Generation

• Input Capture:

– Input Capture with Noise Cancelling

– Frequency capture

– Pulse width capture

– 32-bit input capture

• Event Counter with Direction Control

• Timer Overflow and Timer Error Interrupts and Events

• One Compare Match or Capture Interrupt and Event per CC Channel

• Supports DMA Operation

• Hi-Resolution Extension (Hi-Res)

• Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX)

16.2 Overview

XMEGA A4 has five Timer/Counters, three Timer/Counter 0 and two Timer/Counter 1. The dif-

ference between them is that Timer/Counter 0 has four Compare/Capture channels, while

Timer/Counter 1 has two Compare/Capture channels.

The Timer/Counters (T/C) are 16-bit and can count any clock, event or external input in the

microcontroller. A programmable prescaler is available to get a useful T/C resolution. Updates of

Timer and Compare registers are double buffered to ensure glitch free operation. Single slope

PWM, dual slope PWM and frequency generation waveforms can be generated using the Com-

pare Channels.

Through the Event System, any input pin or event in the microcontroller can be used to trigger

input capture, hence no dedicated pins are required for this. The input capture has a noise can-

celler to avoid incorrect capture of the T/C, and can be used to do frequency and pulse width

measurements.

A wide range of interrupt or event sources are available, including T/C Overflow, Compare

match and Capture for each Compare/Capture channel in the T/C.

PORTC and PORTD each has one Timer/Counter 0 and one Timer/Counter1. PORTE has one

Timer/Conter0. Notation of these are TCC0 (Time/Counter C0), TCC1, TCD0, TCD1 and TCE0,

respectively.

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Figure 16-1. Overview of a Timer/Counter and closely related peripherals

Timer/Counter

Base Counter

Prescaler

clk_PER

Timer Period

Counter

Control Logic

Event

System

clk_PER4

Compare/Capture Channel D

Compare/Capture Channel C

Compare/Capture Channel B

Compare/Capture Channel A

AWeX

Pattern

Generation

Fault

DTI

Dead-Time

Insertion

Capture

Comparator

Control

Protection

Waveform

Generation

Buffer

The Hi-Resolution Extension can be enabled to increase the waveform generation resolution by

2 bits (4x). This is available for all Timer/Counters. See ”Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension” on

page 34 for more details.

The Advanced Waveform Extension can be enabled to provide extra and more advanced fea-

ture for the Timer/Counter. This is only available for Timer/Counter 0. See ”AWEX - Advanced

Waveform Extension” on page 33 for more details.

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17. AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension

17.1 Features

• Output with complementary output from each Capture channel

• Four Dead Time Insertion (DTI) Units, one for each Capture channel

• 8-bit DTI Resolution

• Separate High and Low Side Dead-Time Setting

• Double Buffered Dead-Time

• Event Controlled Fault Protection

• Single Channel Multiple Output Operation (for BLDC motor control)

• Double Buffered Pattern Generation

17.2 Overview

The Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX) provides extra features to the Timer/Counter in

Waveform Generation (WG) modes. The AWEX enables easy and safe implementation of for

example, advanced motor control (AC, BLDC, SR, and Stepper) and power control applications.

Any WG output from a Timer/Counter 0 is split into a complimentary pair of outputs when any

AWEX feature is enabled. These output pairs go through a Dead-Time Insertion (DTI) unit that

enables generation of the non-inverted Low Side (LS) and inverted High Side (HS) of the WG

output with dead time insertion between LS and HS switching. The DTI output will override the

normal port value according to the port override setting. Optionally the final output can be

inverted by using the invert I/O setting for the port pin.

The Pattern Generation unit can be used to generate a synchronized bit pattern on the port it is

connected to. In addition, the waveform generator output from Compare Channel A can be dis-

tributed to, and override all port pins. When the Pattern Generator unit is enabled, the DTI unit is

bypassed.

The Fault Protection unit is connected to the Event System. This enables any event to trigger a

fault condition that will disable the AWEX output. Several event channels can be used to trigger

fault on several different conditions.

The AWEX is available for TCC0. The notation of this is AWEXC.

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18. Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension

18.1 Features

• Increases Waveform Generator resolution by 2-bits (4x)

• Supports Frequency, single- and dual-slope PWM operation

• Supports the AWEX when this is enabled and used for the same Timer/Counter

18.2 Overview

The Hi-Resolution (Hi-Res) Extension is able to increase the resolution of the waveform genera-

tion output by a factor of 4. When enabled for a Timer/Counter, the Fast Peripheral clock running

at four times the CPU clock speed will be as input to the Timer/Counter.

The High Resolution Extension can also be used when an AWEX is enabled and used with a

Timer/Counter.

XMEGA A4 devices have three Hi-Res Extensions that each can be enabled for each

Timer/Counters pair on PORTC, PORTD and PORTE. The notation of these are HIRESC,

HIRESD and HIRESE, respectively.

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19. RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter

19.1 Features

• 16-bit Timer

• Flexible Tick resolution ranging from 1 Hz to 32.768 kHz

• One Compare register

• One Period register

• Clear timer on Overflow or Compare Match

• Overflow or Compare Match event and interrupt generation

19.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 includes a 16-bit Real-time Counter (RTC). The RTC can be clocked from an

accurate 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator, the 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator, or from the

32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator. The RTC includes both a Period and a Compare

register. For details, see Figure 19-1.

A wide range of Resolution and Time-out periods can be configured using the RTC. With a max-

imum resolution of 30.5 µs, time-out periods range up to 2000 seconds. With a resolution of 1

second, the maximum time-out period is over 18 hours (65536 seconds).

Figure 19-1. Real Time Counter overview

Period

Overflow

32 kHz

=

10-bit

prescaler

Counter

1 kHz

Compare Match

Compare

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20. TWI - Two-Wire Interface

20.1 Features

• Two Identical TWI peripherals

• Simple yet Powerful and Flexible Communication Interface

• Both Master and Slave Operation Supported

• Device can Operate as Transmitter or Receiver

• 7-bit Address Space Allows up to 128 Different Slave Addresses

• Multi-master Arbitration Support

• Up to 400 kHz Data Transfer Speed

• Slew-rate Limited Output Drivers

• Noise Suppression Circuitry Rejects Spikes on Bus Lines

• Fully Programmable Slave Address with General Call Support

• Address Recognition Causes Wake-up when in Sleep Mode

• I²C and System Management Bus (SMBus) compatible

20.2 Overview

The Two-Wire Interface (TWI) is a bi-directional wired-AND bus with only two lines, the clock

(SCL) line and the data (SDA) line. The protocol makes it possible to interconnect up to 128 indi-

vidually addressable devices. Since it is a multi-master bus, one or more devices capable of

taking control of the bus can be connected.

The only external hardware needed to implement the bus is a single pull-up resistor for each of

the TWI bus lines. Mechanisms for resolving bus contention are inherent in the TWI protocol.

PORTC and PORTE each has one TWI. Notation of these peripherals are TWIC and TWIE,

respectively.

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21. SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface

21.1 Features

• Two Identical SPI peripherals

• Full-duplex, Three-wire Synchronous Data Transfer

• Master or Slave Operation

• LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer

• Seven Programmable Bit Rates

• End of Transmission Interrupt Flag

• Write Collision Flag Protection

• Wake-up from Idle Mode

• Double Speed (CK/2) Master SPI Mode

21.2 Overview

The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows high-speed full-duplex, synchronous data transfer

between different devices. Devices can communicate using a master-slave scheme, and data is

transferred both to and from the devices simultaneously.

PORTC and PORTD each has one SPI. Notation of these peripherals are SPIC and SPID,

respectively.

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22. USART

22.1 Features

• Five Identical USART peripherals

• Full Duplex Operation (Independent Serial Receive and Transmit Registers)

• Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation

• Master or Slave Clocked Synchronous Operation

• High-resolution Arithmetic Baud Rate Generator

• Supports Serial Frames with 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 Data Bits and 1 or 2 Stop Bits

• Odd or Even Parity Generation and Parity Check Supported by Hardware

• Data OverRun Detection

• Framing Error Detection

• Noise Filtering Includes False Start Bit Detection and Digital Low Pass Filter

• Three Separate Interrupts on TX Complete, TX Data Register Empty and RX Complete

• Multi-processor Communication Mode

• Double Speed Asynchronous Communication Mode

• Master SPI mode for SPI communication

• IrDA support through the IRCOM module

22.2 Overview

The Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter (USART) is a

highly flexible serial communication module. The USART supports full duplex communication,

and both asynchronous and clocked synchronous operation. The USART can also be set in

Master SPI mode to be used for SPI communication.

Communication is frame based, and the frame format can be customized to support a wide

range of standards. The USART is buffered in both direction, enabling continued data transmis-

sion without any delay between frames. There are separate interrupt vectors for receive and

transmit complete, enabling fully interrupt driven communication. Frame error and buffer over-

flow are detected in hardware and indicated with separate status flags. Even or odd parity

generation and parity check can also be enabled.

One USART can use the IRCOM module to support IrDA 1.4 physical compliant pulse modula-

tion and demodulation for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps.

PORTC and PORTD each has two USARTs. PORTE has one USART. Notation of these periph-

erals are USARTC0, USARTC1, USARTD0, USARTD1 and USARTE0, respectively.

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23. IRCOM - IR Communication Module

23.1 Features

• Pulse modulation/demodulation for infrared communication

• Compatible to IrDA 1.4 physical for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps

• Selectable pulse modulation scheme

– 3/16 of baud rate period

– Fixed pulse period, 8-bit programmable

– Pulse modulation disabled

• Built in filtering

• Can be connected to and used by one USART at a time

23.2 Overview

XMEGA contains an Infrared Communication Module (IRCOM) for IrDA communication with

baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. This supports three modulation schemes: 3/16 of baud rate period,

fixed programmable pulse time based on the Peripheral Clock speed, or pulse modulation dis-

abled. There is one IRCOM available which can be connected to any USART to enable infrared

pulse coding/decoding for that USART.

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24. Crypto Engine

24.1 Features

• Data Encryption Standard (DES) CPU instruction

• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Crypto module

• DES Instruction

– Encryption and Decryption

– Single-cycle DES instruction

– Encryption/Decryption in 16 clock cycles per 8-byte block

• AES Crypto Module

– Encryption and Decryption

– Support 128-bit keys

– Support XOR data load mode to the State memory for Cipher Block Chaining

– Encryption/Decryption in 375 clock cycles per 16-byte block

24.2 Overview

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) are two com-

monly used encryption standards. These are supported through an AES peripheral module and

a DES CPU instruction. All communication interfaces and the CPU can optionally use AES and

DES encrypted communication and data storage.

DES is supported by a DES instruction in the AVR XMEGA CPU. The 8-byte key and 8-byte

data blocks must be loaded into the Register file, and then DES must be executed 16 times to

encrypt/decrypt the data block.

The AES Crypto Module encrypts and decrypts 128-bit data blocks with the use of a 128-bit key.

The key and data must be loaded into the key and state memory in the module before encryp-

tion/decryption is started. It takes 375 peripheral clock cycles before the encryption/decryption is

done and decrypted/encrypted data can be read out, and an optional interrupt can be generated.

The AES Crypto Module also has DMA support with transfer triggers when encryption/decryp-

tion is done and optional auto-start of encryption/decryption when the state memory is fully

loaded.

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25. ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter

25.1 Features

• One ADC with 12-bit resolution

• 2 Msps sample rate

• Signed and Unsigned conversions

• 4 result registers with individual input channel control

• 12 single ended inputs

• 8x4 differential inputs

• 4 internal inputs:

–

Integrated Temperature Sensor

DAC Output

VCC voltage divided by 10

Bandgap voltage

• Software selectable gain of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64

• Selectable accuracy of 8- or 12-bit.

• Internal or External Reference selection

• Event triggered conversion for accurate timing

• DMA transfer of conversion results

• Interrupt/Event on compare result

25.2 Overview

XMEGA A4 devices have one Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), see Figure 25-1 on page 42.

The ADC converts analog voltages to digital values. The ADC has 12-bit resolution and is capa-

ble of converting up to 2 million samples per second. The input selection is flexible, and both

single-ended and differential measurements can be done. For differential measurements an

optional gain stage is available to increase the dynamic range. In addition several internal signal

inputs are available. The ADC can provide both signed and unsigned results.

This is a pipeline ADC. A pipeline ADC consists of several consecutive stages, where each

stage convert one part of the result. The pipeline design enables high sample rate at low clock

speeds, and remove limitations on samples speed versus propagation delay. This also means

that a new analog voltage can be sampled and a new ADC measurement started while other

ADC measurements are ongoing.

ADC measurements can either be started by application software or an incoming event from

another peripheral in the device. Four different result registers with individual input selection

(MUX selection) are provided to make it easier for the application to keep track of the data. Each

result register and MUX selection pair is referred to as an ADC Channel. It is possible to use

DMA to move ADC results directly to memory or peripherals when conversions are done.

Both internal and external analog reference voltages can be used. An accurate internal 1.0V

reference is available.

An integrated temperature sensor is available and the output from this can be measured with the

ADC. The output from the DAC, VCC/10 and the Bandgap voltage can also be measured by the

ADC.

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Figure 25-1. ADC overview

Channel A MUX selection

Channel B MUX selection

Channel C MUX selection

Channel D MUX selection

Configuration

Reference selection

Channel A

Register

Channel B

Register

ADC

Channel C

Register

Channel D

Register

Event

Trigger

1-64 X

Each ADC has four MUX selection registers with a corresponding result register. This means

that four channels can be sampled within 1.5 µs without any intervention by the application other

than starting the conversion. The results will be available in the result registers.

The ADC may be configured for 8- or 12-bit resolution, reducing the minimum conversion time

(propagation delay) from 3.5 µs for 12-bit to 2.5 µs for 8-bit resolution.

ADC conversion results are provided left- or right adjusted with optional ‘1’ or ‘0’ padding. This

eases calculation when the result is represented as a signed integer (signed 16-bit number).

PORTA has one ADC. Notation of this peripheral is ADCA.

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26. DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter

26.1 Features

• One DAC with 12-bit resolution

• Up to 1 Msps conversion rate

• Flexible conversion range

• Multiple trigger sources

• 1 continuous output or 2 Sample and Hold (S/H) outputs

• Built-in offset and gain calibration

• High drive capabilities

• Low Power Mode

26.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 devices feature one 12-bit, 1 Msps DAC with built-in offset and gain calibration,

see Figure 26-1 on page 43.

A DAC converts a digital value into an analog signal. The DAC may use an internal 1.0 voltage

as the upper limit for conversion, but it is also possible to use the supply voltage or any applied

voltage in-between. The external reference input is shared with the ADC reference input.

Figure 26-1. DAC overview

Configuration

Reference selection

Channel A

Register

Channel A

DAC

Channel B

Register

Event

Trigger

The DAC has one continuous output with high drive capabilities for both resistive and capacitive

loads. It is also possible to split the continuous time channel into two Sample and Hold (S/H)

channels, each with separate data conversion registers.

A DAC conversion may be started from the application software by writing the data conversion

registers. The DAC can also be configured to do conversions triggered by the Event System to

have regular timing, independent of the application software. DMA may be used for transferring

data from memory locations to DAC data registers.

The DAC has a built-in calibration system to reduce offset and gain error when loading with a

calibration value from software.

PORTB has one DAC. Notation of this peripheral is DACB.

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27. AC - Analog Comparator

27.1 Features

• Two Analog Comparators

• Selectable Power vs. Speed

• Selectable hysteresis

– 0, 20 mV, 50 mV

• Analog Comparator output available on pin

• Flexible Input Selection

– All pins on the port

– Output from the DAC

– Bandgap reference voltage.

– Voltage scaler that can perform a 64-level scaling of the internal VCC voltage.

• Interrupt and event generation on

– Rising edge

– Falling edge

– Toggle

• Window function interrupt and event generation on

– Signal above window

– Signal inside window

– Signal below window

27.2 Overview

XMEGA A4 features two Analog Comparators (AC). An Analog Comparator compares two volt-

ages, and the output indicates which input is largest. The Analog Comparator may be configured

to give interrupt requests and/or events upon several different combinations of input change.

Both hysteresis and propagation delays may be adjusted in order to find the optimal operation

for each application.

A wide range of input selection is available, both external pins and several internal signals can

be used.

The Analog Comparators are always grouped in pairs (AC0 and AC1) on each analog port. They

have identical behavior but separate control registers.

Optionally, the state of the comparator is directly available on a pin.

PORTA has one AC pair. Notation of this peripheral is ACA.

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Figure 27-1. Analog comparator overview

Pin inputs

Internal inputs

+

-

Pin 0 output

Interrupts

AC0

Pin inputs

Internal inputs

VCC scaled

Interrupt

sensitivity

control

Events

Pin inputs

Internal inputs

+

-

AC1

Pin inputs

Internal inputs

VCC scaled

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27.3 Input Selection

The Analog comparators have a very flexible input selection and the two comparators grouped

in a pair may be used to realize a window function. One pair of analog comparators is shown in

Figure 27-1 on page 45.

• Input selection from pin

– Pin 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 selectable to positive input of analog comparator

– Pin 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 selectable to negative input of analog comparator

• Internal signals available on positive analog comparator inputs

– Output from 12-bit DAC

• Internal signals available on negative analog comparator inputs

– 64-level scaler of the VCC, available on negative analog comparator input

– Bandgap voltage reference

– Output from 12-bit DAC

27.4 Window Function

The window function is realized by connecting the external inputs of the two analog comparators

in a pair as shown in Figure 27-2.

Figure 27-2. Analog comparator window function

+

AC0

Upper limit of window

-

Interrupts

Events

Interrupt

sensitivity

control

Input signal

+

AC1

Lower limit of window

-

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28. OCD - On-chip Debug

28.1 Features

• Complete Program Flow Control

– Go, Stop, Reset, Step into, Step over, Step out, Run-to-Cursor

• Debugging on C and high-level language source code level

• Debugging on Assembler and disassembler level

• 1 dedicated program address or source level breakpoint for AVR Studio / debugger

• 4 Hardware Breakpoints

• Unlimited Number of User Program Breakpoints

• Unlimited Number of User Data Breakpoints, with break on:

– Data location read, write or both read and write

– Data location content equal or not equal to a value

– Data location content is greater or less than a value

– Data location content is within or outside a range

– Bits of a data location are equal or not equal to a value

• Non-Intrusive Operation

– No hardware or software resources in the device are used

• High Speed Operation

– No limitation on debug/programming clock frequency versus system clock frequency

28.2 Overview

The XMEGA A4 has a powerful On-Chip Debug (OCD) system that - in combination with Atmel’s

development tools - provides all the necessary functions to debug an application. It has support

for program and data breakpoints, and can debug an application from C and high level language

source code level, as well as assembler and disassembler level. It has full Non-Intrusive Opera-

tion and no hardware or software resources in the device are used. The ODC system is

accessed through an external debugging tool which connects to the PDI physical interface.

Refer to ”Program and Debug Interfaces” on page 48.

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29. Program and Debug Interfaces

29.1 Features

• PDI - Program and Debug Interface (Atmel proprietary 2-pin interface)

• Access to the OCD system

• Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses and Lock Bits

29.2 Overview

The programming and debug facilities are accessed through PDI physical interface. The PDI

physical interface uses one dedicated pin together with the Reset pin, and no general purpose

pins are used.

29.3 PDI - Program and Debug Interface

The PDI is an Atmel proprietary protocol for communication between the microcontroller and

Atmel’s development tools.

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XMEGA A4

30. Pinout and Pin Functions

The pinout of XMEGA A4 is shown in ”Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 3. In addition to general

I/O functionality, each pin may have several functions. This will depend on which peripheral is

enabled and connected to the actual pin. Only one of the alternate pin functions can be used at

time.

30.1 Alternate Pin Functions Description

The tables below shows the notation for all pin functions available and describe their functions.

Operation/Power Supply

30.1.1

VCC

Digital supply voltage

Analog supply voltage

Ground

AVCC

GND

30.1.2

30.1.3

Port Interrupt functions

SYNC

Port pin with full synchronous and limited asynchronous interrupt function

Port pin with full synchronous and full asynchronous interrupt function

ASYNC

Analog functions

ACn

Analog Comparator input pin n

Analog Comparator 0 Output

AC0OUT

ADCn

DACn

AREF

Analog to Digital Converter input pin n

Digital to Analog Converter output pin n

Analog Reference input pin

30.1.4

Timer/Counter and AWEX functions

OCnx

Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n

OCnx

Inverted Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n

Output Compare Channel x Low Side for Timer/Counter n

Output Compare Channel x High Side for Timer/Counter n

OCnxLS

OCnxHS

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30.1.5

Communication functions

SCL

Serial Clock for TWI

SDA

XCKn

RXDn

TXDn

SS

Serial Data for TWI

Transfer Clock for USART n

Receiver Data for USART n

Transmitter Data for USART n

Slave Select for SPI

MOSI

MISO

SCK

Master Out Slave In for SPI

Master In Slave Out for SPI

Serial Clock for SPI

30.1.6

30.1.7

Oscillators, Clock and Event

TOSCn

XTALn

Timer Oscillator pin n

Input/Output for inverting Oscillator pin n

Debug/System functions

RESET

Reset pin

PDI_CLK

PDI_DATA

Program and Debug Interface Clock pin

Program and Debug Interface Data pin

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30.2 Alternate Pin Functions

The tables below shows the main and alternate pin functions for all pins on each port. It also

shows which peripheral which make use of or enable the alternate pin function.

Table 30-1. Port A - Alternate functions

ADCA

PORTA

GND

AVCC

PA0

PIN #

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

1

INTERRUPT

ADCA POS

ADCA NEG

GAINPOS

GAINNEG

ACA POS

ACA NEG

ACA OUT

REF

SYNC

ADC0

ADC1

ADC2

ADC3

ADC4

ADC5

ADC6

ADC7

ADC0

ADC1

ADC2

ADC3

ADC0

ADC1

ADC2

ADC3

ADC4

ADC5

ADC6

ADC7

AC0

AC1

AC2

AC3

AC4

AC5

AC6

AC0

AC1

AREF

PA1

PA2

SYNC/ASYNC

SYNC

PA3

AC3

AC5

AC7

PA4

SYNC

ADC4

ADC5

ADC6

ADC7

PA5

SYNC

PA6

2

SYNC

PA7

3

SYNC

AC0 OUT

Table 30-2. Port B - Alternate functions

PORTB

PIN #

INTERRUPT

ADCA POS

DACB

REF

PB0

4

5

6

7

SYNC

ADC8

AREF

PB1

SYNC

ADC9

PB2

SYNC/ASYNC

SYNC

ADC10

ADC11

DAC0

DAC1

PB3

Table 30-3. Port C - Alternate functions

PORTC

GND

VCC

PC0

PC1

PC2

PC3

PC4

PC5

PC6

PC7

PIN #

INTERRUPT

TCC0

AWEXC

TCC1

USARTC0

USARTC1

SPI

TWIC

CLOCKOUT

EVENTOUT

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

SYNC

OC0A

OC0B

OC0C

OC0D

OC0ALS

OC0AHS

OC0BLS

OC0BHS

OC0CLS

OC0CHS

OC0DLS

OC0DHS

SDA

SCL

XCK0

RXD0

TXD0

SYNC/ASYNC

SYNC

OC1A

OC1B

SS

SYNC

XCK1

RXD1

TXD1

MOSI

MISO

SCK

SYNC

CLKOUT

EVOUT

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Table 30-4. Port D - Alternate functions

PORTD

GND

VCC

PD0

PD1

PD2

PD3

PD4

PD5

PD6

PD7

PIN #

INTERRUPT

TCD0

TCD1

USARTD0

USARTD1

SPID

CLOCKOUT

EVENTOUT

18

19

20

SYNC

OC0A

OC0B

OC0C

OC0D

21

XCK0

RXD0

TXD0

22

SYNC/ASYNC

SYNC

23

24

SYNC

OC1A

OC1B

SS

25

SYNC

XCK1

RXD1

TXD1

MOSI

MISO

SCK

26

SYNC

27

SYNC

CLKOUT

EVOUT

Table 30-5. Port E - Alternate functions

PORT E

PIN #

INTERRUPT

TCE0

OC0A

OC0B

USARTE0

TWIE

PE0

28

SYNC

SDA

SCL

PE1

29

SYNC

XCK0

GND

VCC

PE2

30

31

32

SYNC/ASYNC

SYNC

OC0C

OC0D

RXD0

TXD0

PE3

33

Table 30-6. Port R - Alternate functions

PORTR

PIN #

XTAL

PDI

TOSC

PDI

34

PDI_DATA

PDI_CLK

RESET

PR0

35

36

XTAL2

XTAL1

TOSC2

TOSC1

PR1

37

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31. Peripheral Module Address Map

The address maps show the base address for each peripheral and module in XMEGA A4. For

complete register description and summary for each peripheral module, refer to the XMEGA A

Manual.

Base Address

Name

Description

0x0000

0x0010

0x0014

0x0018

0x001C

0x0030

0x0040

0x0048

0x0050

0x0060

0x0068

0x0070

0x0078

0x0080

0x0090

0x00A0

0x00B0

0x00C0

0x0100

0x0180

0x01C0

0x0200

0x0320

0x0380

0x0400

0x0480

0x04A0

0x0600

0x0620

0x0640

0x0660

0x0680

0x07E0

0x0800

0x0840

0x0880

0x0890

0x08A0

0x08B0

0x08C0

0x08F8

0x0900

0x0940

0x0990

0x09A0

0x09B0

0x09C0

0x0A00

0x0A90

0x0AA0

GPIO

General Purpose IO Registers

Virtual Port 0

Virtual Port 1

VPORT0

VPORT1

VPORT2

VPORT3

CPU

Virtual Port 2

CPU

CLK

SLEEP

OSC

Clock Control

Sleep Controller

Oscillator Control

DFLLRC32M

DFLLRC2M

PR

DFLL for the 32 MHz Internal RC Oscillator

DFLL for the 2 MHz RC Oscillator

Power Reduction

RST

WDT

MCU

Reset Controller

Watch-Dog Timer

MCU Control

PMIC

PORTCFG

AES

Programmable MUltilevel Interrupt Controller

Port Configuration

AES Module

DMA

EVSYS

NVM

DMA Controller

Event System

Non Volatile Memory (NVM) Controller

Analog to Digital Converter on port A

Digital to Analog Converter on port B

Analog Comparator pair on port A

Real Time Counter

Two Wire Interface on port C

Two Wire Interface on port E

Port A

ADCA

DACB

ACA

RTC

TWIC

TWIE

PORTA

PORTB

PORTC

PORTD

PORTE

PORTR

TCC0

Port B

Port C

Port D

Port E

Port R

Timer/Counter 0 on port C

Timer/Counter 1 on port C

Advanced Waveform Extension on port C

High Resolution Extension on port C

USART 0 on port C

TCC1

AWEXC

HIRESC

USARTC0

USARTC1

SPIC

USART 1 on port C

Serial Peripheral Interface on port C

Infrared Communication Module

Timer/Counter 0 on port D

Timer/Counter 1 on port D

High Resolution Extension on port D

USART 0 on port D

IRCOM

TCD0

TCD1

HIRESD

USARTD0

USARTD1

SPID

USART 1 on port D

Serial Peripheral Interface on port D

Timer/Counter 0 on port E

High Resolution Extension on port E

USART 0 on port E

TCE0

HIRESE

USARTE0

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32. Instruction Set Summary

Mnemonics

Operands

Description

Operation

Flags

#Clocks

Arithmetic and Logic Instructions

ADD

ADC

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, Rr

Rd

Add without Carry

Rd



Rd + Rr

Z,C,N,V,S,H

Z,C,N,V,S

Z,C,N,V,S,H

Z,C,N,V,S

Z,N,V,S

Z,C,N,V,S

Z,C,N,V,S,H

Z,N,V,S

None

1

2

1

2

1

2

1/2

Add with Carry

Rd + Rr + C

Rd + 1:Rd + K

Rd - Rr

ADIW

SUB

Add Immediate to Word

Subtract without Carry

Subtract Immediate

Subtract with Carry

Subtract Immediate with Carry

Subtract Immediate from Word

Logical AND

SUBI

SBC

Rd - K

Rd - Rr - C

Rd - K - C

Rd + 1:Rd - K

Rd  Rr

SBCI

SBIW

AND

ANDI

OR

Rd + 1:Rd

Rd

Logical AND with Immediate

Logical OR

Rd

Rd  K

Rd

Rd v Rr

ORI

Logical OR with Immediate

Exclusive OR

Rd

Rd v K

EOR

COM

NEG

SBR

Rd

Rd  Rr

One’s Complement

Two’s Complement

Set Bit(s) in Register

Clear Bit(s) in Register

Increment

Rd

$FF - Rd

Rd

$00 - Rd

Rd,K

Rd

Rd v K

CBR

INC

Rd

Rd  ($FFh - K)

Rd + 1

Rd

DEC

TST

Rd

Decrement

Rd

Rd - 1

Rd

Test for Zero or Minus

Clear Register

Rd

Rd  Rd

CLR

Rd

Rd  Rd

SER

Rd

Set Register

Rd

$FF

MUL

MULS

MULSU

FMUL

FMULS

FMULSU

DES

Rd,Rr

K

Multiply Unsigned

R1:R0

Rd x Rr (UU)

Rd x Rr (SS)

Rd x Rr (SU)

Rd x Rr<<1 (UU)

Rd x Rr<<1 (SS)

Rd x Rr<<1 (SU)

Z,C

Multiply Signed

Z,C

Multiply Signed with Unsigned

Fractional Multiply Unsigned

Fractional Multiply Signed

Fractional Multiply Signed with Unsigned

Data Encryption

Z,C

if (H = 0) then R15:R0

else if (H = 1) then R15:R0



Encrypt(R15:R0, K)

Decrypt(R15:R0, K)

Branch Instructions

RJMP

IJMP

k

Relative Jump

PC



PC + k + 1

None

2

Indirect Jump to (Z)

PC(15:0)

PC(21:16)



Z,

0

EIJMP

Extended Indirect Jump to (Z)

PC(15:0)

PC(21:16)



Z,

EIND

None

2

JMP

k

Jump

PC



k

None

3

RCALL

ICALL

Relative Call Subroutine

Indirect Call to (Z)

PC + k + 1

2 / 3⁽¹⁾

PC(15:0)

PC(21:16)



Z,

0

EICALL

Extended Indirect Call to (Z)

PC(15:0)

PC(21:16)



Z,

EIND

None

3⁽¹⁾

54

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Mnemonics

CALL

RET

Operands

Description

Operation

Flags

None

I

#Clocks

3 / 4⁽¹⁾

4 / 5⁽¹⁾

1 / 2 / 3

1

k

call Subroutine

PC



k

Subroutine Return

STACK

PC + 2 or 3

RETI

Interrupt Return

PC

CPSE

CP

Rd,Rr

Compare, Skip if Equal

Compare

if (Rd = Rr) PC

None

Z,C,N,V,S,H

None

Rd,Rr

Rd - Rr

CPC

Rd,Rr

Compare with Carry

Rd - Rr - C

1

CPI

Rd,K

Compare with Immediate

Skip if Bit in Register Cleared

Skip if Bit in Register Set

Skip if Bit in I/O Register Cleared

Skip if Bit in I/O Register Set

Branch if Status Flag Set

Branch if Status Flag Cleared

Branch if Equal

Rd - K

1

SBRC

SBRS

SBIC

Rr, b

if (Rr(b) = 0) PC

if (Rr(b) = 1) PC

if (I/O(A,b) = 0) PC

If (I/O(A,b) =1) PC

if (SREG(s) = 1) then PC

if (SREG(s) = 0) then PC

if (Z = 1) then PC

if (Z = 0) then PC

if (C = 1) then PC

if (C = 0) then PC

if (C = 1) then PC

if (N = 1) then PC

if (N = 0) then PC

if (N  V= 0) then PC

if (N  V= 1) then PC

if (H = 1) then PC

if (H = 0) then PC

if (T = 1) then PC

if (T = 0) then PC

if (V = 1) then PC

if (V = 0) then PC

if (I = 1) then PC

if (I = 0) then PC



PC + 2 or 3

PC + k + 1

1 / 2 / 3

2 / 3 / 4

1 / 2

Rr, b

A, b

s, k

k

SBIS

BRBS

BRBC

BREQ

BRNE

BRCS

BRCC

BRSH

BRLO

BRMI

BRPL

BRGE

BRLT

BRHS

BRHC

BRTS

BRTC

BRVS

BRVC

BRIE

1 / 2

k

Branch if Not Equal

1 / 2

k

Branch if Carry Set

1 / 2

k

Branch if Carry Cleared

Branch if Same or Higher

Branch if Lower

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

Branch if Minus

1 / 2

k

Branch if Plus

1 / 2

k

Branch if Greater or Equal, Signed

Branch if Less Than, Signed

Branch if Half Carry Flag Set

Branch if Half Carry Flag Cleared

Branch if T Flag Set

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

Branch if T Flag Cleared

Branch if Overflow Flag is Set

Branch if Overflow Flag is Cleared

Branch if Interrupt Enabled

Branch if Interrupt Disabled

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

k

1 / 2

BRID

k

1 / 2

Data Transfer Instructions

MOV

MOVW

LDI

Rd, Rr

Rd, K

Rd, k

Copy Register

Rd

Rd+1:Rd

Rd



Rr

None

1

Copy Register Pair

Load Immediate

Rr+1:Rr

K

1

LDS

LD

Load Direct from data space

Load Indirect

Rd

(k)

(X)

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

1⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

Rd, X

Rd, X+

Rd

LD

Load Indirect and Post-Increment

Rd

X



(X)

X + 1

LD

Rd, -X

Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement

X  X - 1,

Rd  (X)



X - 1

(X)

None

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

LD

Rd, Y

Load Indirect

Rd  (Y)



(Y)

None

1⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

Rd, Y+

Load Indirect and Post-Increment

Rd

Y



(Y)

Y + 1

55

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Mnemonics

Operands

Description

Operation

Flags

#Clocks

LD

Rd, -Y

Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement

Y

Rd



Y - 1

(Y)

None

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

LDD

LD

Rd, Y+q

Rd, Z

Load Indirect with Displacement

Load Indirect

Rd



(Y + q)

(Z)

None

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

1⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

LD

Rd, Z+

Load Indirect and Post-Increment

Rd

Z



(Z),

Z+1

LD

Rd, -Z

Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement

Z

Rd



Z - 1,

(Z)

None

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

LDD

STS

ST

Rd, Z+q

k, Rr

Load Indirect with Displacement

Store Direct to Data Space

Store Indirect

Rd

(k)

(X)



(Z + q)

Rd

None

2⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾

2⁽¹⁾

X, Rr

Rr

1⁽¹⁾

ST

X+, Rr

Store Indirect and Post-Increment

(X)

X



Rr,

X + 1

1⁽¹⁾

ST

-X, Rr

Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement

X

(X)



X - 1,

Rr

None

2⁽¹⁾

ST

Y, Rr

Store Indirect

(Y)



Rr

None

1⁽¹⁾

Y+, Rr

Store Indirect and Post-Increment

(Y)

Y



Rr,

Y + 1

ST

-Y, Rr

Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement

Y

(Y)



Y - 1,

Rr

None

2⁽¹⁾

STD

ST

Y+q, Rr

Z, Rr

Store Indirect with Displacement

Store Indirect

(Y + q)

(Z)



Rr

None

2⁽¹⁾

1⁽¹⁾

ST

Z+, Rr

Store Indirect and Post-Increment

(Z)

Z



Rr

Z + 1

ST

-Z, Rr

Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement

Store Indirect with Displacement

Load Program Memory

Z

(Z + q)

R0



Z - 1

Rr

None

2⁽¹⁾

3

STD

LPM

Z+q,Rr

(Z)

Rd, Z

Load Program Memory

Rd

(Z)

3

Rd, Z+

Load Program Memory and Post-Increment

Rd

Z



(Z),

Z + 1

3

ELPM

Extended Load Program Memory

R0

Rd



(RAMPZ:Z)

None

3

Rd, Z

Rd, Z+

Extended Load Program Memory and Post-

Increment

Rd

Z



(RAMPZ:Z),

Z + 1

SPM

Store Program Memory

(RAMPZ:Z)



R1:R0

None

-

Z+

Store Program Memory and Post-Increment

by 2

(RAMPZ:Z)

Z



R1:R0,

Z + 2

IN

Rd, A

A, Rr

Rr

In From I/O Location

Out To I/O Location

Rd

I/O(A)

STACK

Rd



I/O(A)

Rr

None

1

OUT

PUSH

POP

1

Push Register on Stack

Pop Register from Stack

Rr

1⁽¹⁾

2⁽¹⁾

Rd

STACK

Bit and Bit-test Instructions

LSL

LSR

Rd

Logical Shift Left

Logical Shift Right

Rd(n+1)

Rd(0)

C



Rd(n),

0,

Rd(7)

Z,C,N,V,H

Z,C,N,V

1

Rd(n)

Rd(7)

C



Rd(n+1),

0,

Rd(0)

56

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Mnemonics

Operands

Description

Operation

Flags

#Clocks

ROL

Rd

Rotate Left Through Carry

Rd(0)

Rd(n+1)

C



C,

Rd(n),

Rd(7)

Z,C,N,V,H

1

ROR

Rd

Rotate Right Through Carry

Rd(7)

Rd(n)

C



C,

Rd(n+1),

Rd(0)

Z,C,N,V

1

ASR

SWAP

BSET

BCLR

SBI

Rd

Arithmetic Shift Right

Swap Nibbles

Rd(n)







Rd(n+1), n=0..6

Z,C,N,V

1

Rd

Rd(3..0)

Rd(7..4)

None

s

Flag Set

SREG(s)

1

SREG(s)

s

Flag Clear

SREG(s)

0

SREG(s)

A, b

Rr, b

Rd, b

Set Bit in I/O Register

Clear Bit in I/O Register

Bit Store from Register to T

Bit load from T to Register

Set Carry

I/O(A, b)

1

None

CBI

I/O(A, b)

0

None

BST

BLD

SEC

CLC

SEN

CLN

SEZ

CLZ

SEI

T

Rr(b)

T

1

T

Rd(b)

C

N

Z

None

C

N

Z

Clear Carry

0

Set Negative Flag

1

Clear Negative Flag

Set Zero Flag

0

1

Clear Zero Flag

Z

0

Z

Global Interrupt Enable

Global Interrupt Disable

Set Signed Test Flag

Clear Signed Test Flag

Set Two’s Complement Overflow

Clear Two’s Complement Overflow

Set T in SREG

I

1

I

CLI

I

0

I

SES

CLS

SEV

CLV

SET

CLT

S

1

S

V

T

S

0

V

1

V

0

T

1

Clear T in SREG

T

0

T

SEH

CLH

Set Half Carry Flag in SREG

Clear Half Carry Flag in SREG

H

1

H

0

MCU Control Instructions

BREAK

NOP

Break

(See specific descr. for BREAK)

None

1

No Operation

Sleep

SLEEP

WDR

(see specific descr. for Sleep)

(see specific descr. for WDR)

Watchdog Reset

Notes: 1. Cycle times for Data memory accesses assume internal memory accesses, and are not valid

for accesses via the external RAM interface.

2. One extra cycle must be added when accessing Internal SRAM.

57

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

33. Packaging information

33.1 44A

PIN 1 IDENTIFIER

PIN 1

e

B

E1

E

D1

D

C

0°~7°

A2

A

A1

L

COMMON DIMENSIONS

(Unit of Measure = mm)

MIN

–

MAX

1.20

NOM

NOTE

SYMBOL

A

–

A1

A2

D

0.05

0.95

11.75

9.90

11.75

9.90

0.30

0.09

0.45

0.15

1.00

12.00

10.00

12.00

10.00

–

1.05

12.25

D1

E

10.10 Note 2

12.25

Notes:

E1

B

10.10 Note 2

0.45

1. This package conforms to JEDEC reference MS-026, Variation ACB.

2. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable

protrusion is 0.25mm per side. Dimensions D1 and E1 are maximum

plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch.

C

–

0.20

3. Lead coplanarity is 0.10mm maximum.

L

–

0.75

e

0.80 TYP

2010-10-20

TITLE

DRAWING NO. REV.

2325 Orchard Parkway

San Jose, CA 95131

44A, 44-lead, 10 x 10mm body size, 1.0mm body thickness,

0.8 mm lead pitch, thin profile plastic quad flat package (TQFP)

44A

C

R

58

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

33.2 44M1

D

Marked Pin# 1 ID

E

SEATING PLANE

A1

A3

TOP VIEW

A

K

L

Pin #1 Corner

SIDE VIEW

D2

Pin #1

Triangle

Option A

COMMON DIMENSIONS

(Unit of Measure = mm)

1

2

3

MIN

0.80

–

MAX

1.00

0.05

NOM

0.90

NOTE

SYMBOL

A

E2

Option B

Option C

A1

A3

b

0.02

Pin #1

Chamfer

(C 0.30)

0.20 REF

0.23

0.18

6.90

5.00

6.90

0.30

7.10

5.40

7.10

D

7.00

D2

E

5.20

K

Pin #1

Notch

(0.20 R)

e

b

7.00

E2

e

5.00

5.20

0.50 BSC

0.64

5.40

BOTTOM VIEW

L

0.59

0.20

0.69

0.41

Note: JEDEC Standard MO-220, Fig. 1 (SAW Singulation) VKKD-3.

K

0.26

9/26/08

GPC

ZWS

DRAWING NO.

TITLE

REV.

44M1, 44-pad, 7 x 7 x 1.0mm body, lead

pitch 0.50mm, 5.20mm exposed pad, thermally

enhanced plastic very thin quad flat no

lead package (VQFN)

Package Drawing Contact:

packagedrawings@atmel.com

44M1

H

59

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

33.3 49C2

E

A1 BALL ID

0.10

D

A1

A2

TOP VIEW

A

SIDE VIEW

E1

G

F

e

E

D

C

B

A

D1

COMMON DIMENSIONS

(Unit of Measure = mm)

MIN

–

MAX

1.00

–

NOM

–

NOTE

SYMBOL

A

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

A1

A2

D

0.20

0.65

4.90

–

A1 BALL CORNER

49 - Ø0.35 0.05

b

e

–

5.00

5.10

BOTTOM VIEW

D1

E

3.90 BSC

5.00

4.90

0.30

5.10

0.40

E1

b

3.90 BSC

0.35

e

0.65 BSC

3/14/08

GPC

CBD

DRAWING NO.

TITLE

REV.

49C2, 49-ball (7 x 7 array), 0.65mm pitch,

5.0 x 5.0 x 1.0mm, very thin, fine-pitch

ball grid array package (VFBGA)

Package Drawing Contact:

packagedrawings@atmel.com

49C2

A

60

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XMEGA A4

34. Electrical Characteristics

All typical values are measured at T = 25C unless other temperature condition is given. All min-

imum and maximum values are valid across operating temperature and voltage unless other

conditions are given.

34.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings*

*NOTICE:

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute

Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent dam-

age to the device. This is a stress rating only and

functional operation of the device at these or

other conditions beyond those indicated in the

operational sections of this specification is not

implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating

conditions for extended periods may affect

device reliability.

Operating Temperature.................................. -55C to +125C

Storage Temperature..................................... -65C to +150C

Voltage on any Pin with respect to Ground..-0.5V to V_CC+0.5V

Maximum Operating Voltage ............................................ 3.6V

DC Current per I/O Pin ............................................... 20.0 mA

DC Current V_CCand GND Pins................................ 200.0 mA

34.2 DC Characteristics

Table 34-1. Current Consumption

Symbol Parameter

Condition

32 kHz, Ext. Clk

Min.

Typ.

30

Max.

Units

V_CC= 1.8V

V_CC= 3.0V

V_CC= 1.8V

75

260

570

510

1.1

11.4

2.8

4.8

80

µA

1 MHz, Ext. Clk

Active

V_CC= 3.0V

V_CC= 1.8V

690

1.49

13

2 MHz, Ext. Clk

32 MHz, Ext. Clk

32 kHz, Ext. Clk

V

_CC= 3.0V

_CC= 1.8V

_CC= 3.0V

mA

µA

V

Power Supply Current⁽¹⁾

I_CC

V_CC= 1.8V

V_CC= 3.0V

V_CC= 1.8V

1 MHz, Ext. Clk

Idle

150

160

295

4.8

0.1

1.5

1.1

2.6

225

390

6

2 MHz, Ext. Clk

32 MHz, Ext. Clk

V_CC= 3.0V

V_CC= 1.8V

mA

µA

All Functions Disabled, T = 25°C

All Functions Disabled, T = 85°C

3

5

Power-down mode

6

ULP, WDT, Sampled BOD, T = 25°C

ULP, WDT, Sampled BOD, T= 85°C

V_CC= 3.0V

6

V_CC= 3.0V

10

61

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XMEGA A4

Table 34-1. Current Consumption (Continued)

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min.

Typ.

0.5

Max.

Units

V_CC= 1.8V

_CC= 3.0V

V_CC= 3.0V

4

RTC 1 kHz from Low Power 32 kHz

TOSC, T = 25°C

Power-save mode

V

0.7

I_CC

µA

RTC from Low Power 32 kHz TOSC

without Reset pull-up resistor current

1.16

Reset Current

Consumption

V_CC= 3.0V

505

Module current consumption⁽²⁾

RC32M

470

600

112

145

30

RC32M w/DFLL

RC2M

Internal 32.768 kHz oscillator as DFLL source

Multiplication factor = 10x

RC2M w/DFLL

RC32K

PLL

225

0.9

120

1

Watchdog normal mode

BOD Continuous mode

BOD Sampled mode

Internal 1.00 V ref

Temperature reference

RTC with int. 32 kHz RC

µA

80

No prescaling

30

as source

I_CC

RTC with ULP as source

ADC

No prescaling

0.9

2.9

2.4

1.1

280

110

5.3

95

250 kS/s - Int. 1V Ref

Single channel, Int. 1V Ref

DAC Normal Mode

DAC Low-Power Mode

AC High-speed

AC Low-power

USART

mA

Rx and Tx enabled, 9600 BAUD

Prescaler DIV1

µA

DMA

Timer/Counter

AES

19

140

13

Vcc = 2V

Vcc = 3V

Flash/EEPROM

Programming

mA

18

Note:

1. All Power Reduction Registers set.

2. All parameters measured as the difference in current consumption between module enabled and disabled. All data at

V_CC= 3.0V, Clk_SYS= 1 MHz External clock with no prescaling.

62

Not recommended for new designs -

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Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

34.3 Speed

Table 34-2. Operating voltage and frequency

Symbol

Parameter

Condition

V_CC= 1.6V

Min

0

Typ

Max

12

Units

V

_CC= 1.8V

0

12

Clk_CPU

CPU clock frequency

MHz

_CC= 2.7V

_CC= 3.6V

0

32

0

32

The maximum CPU clock frequency of the XMEGA A4 devices is depending on V_CC. As shown

in Figure 34-1 on page 63 the Frequency vs. V_CCcurve is linear between 1.8V < V_CC< 2.7V.

Figure 34-1. Operating Frequency vs.Vcc

MHz

32

Safe Operating Area

12

V

1.6

1.8

2.7

3.6

63

Not recommended for new designs -

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

34.4 Flash and EEPROM Memory Characteristics

Table 34-3. Endurance and Data Retention

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

10K

100

25

Typ

Max

Units

25°C

85°C

25°C

55°C

25°C

85°C

25°C

55°C

Write/Erase cycles

Cycle

Flash

Data retention

Year

Cycle

Year

80K

30K

100

25

Write/Erase cycles

Data retention

EEPROM

Table 34-4. Programming time

Symbol Parameter

Chip Erase

Condition

Min

Typ⁽¹⁾

40

6

Max

Units

Flash, EEPROM⁽²⁾and SRAM Erase

Page Erase

Flash

Page Write

6

Page WriteAutomatic Page Erase and Write

Page Erase

12

6

ms

EEPROM

Page Write

6

Page WriteAutomatic Page Erase and Write

12

Notes: 1. Programming is timed from the internal 2 MHz oscillator.

2. EEPROM is not erased if the EESAVE fuse is programmed.

64

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

34.5 ADC Characteristics

Table 34-5. ADC Characteristics

Symbol

RES

Parameter

Condition

Programmable: 8/12

500 ksps

Min

8

Typ

12

Max

12

5

Units

Resolution

Bits

INL

Integral Non-Linearity

Differential Non-Linearity

Gain Error

-5

±2

LSB

mV

DNL

500 ksps

< ±1

< ±10

< ±2

Offset Error

ADC_clk

ADC Clock frequency

Conversion rate

Max is 1/4 of Peripheral Clock

2000

kHz

ksps

Conversion time

(propagation delay)

(RES+2)/2+GAIN

RES = 8 or 12, GAIN = 0 or 1

ADC_clk

cycles

5

7

8

Sampling Time

1/2 ADC_clkcycle

0.25

0

uS

Conversion range

VREF

V_cc+0.3

V_cc-0.6V

AVCC

VREF

Analog Supply Voltage

Reference voltage

V_cc-0.3

1.0

V

Input bandwidth

kHz

V

INT1V

INTVCC

SCALEDVCC

R_AREF

Internal 1.00V reference⁽¹⁾

1.00

V_CC/1.6

V_CC/10

> 10

Internal V_CC/1.6

Scaled internal V_CC/10 input

Reference input resistance

M

ADC_clk

cycles

Start-up time

12

24

Temp. sensor, V_CC/10, Bandgap

Internal input sampling speed

100

ksps

Note:

1. Refer to ”Bandgap Characteristics” on page 66 for more parameter details.

Table 34-6. ADC Gain Stage Characteristics

Symbol

Parameter

Gain error

Offset error

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

1 to 64 gain

< ±1

0.12

0.06

%

VREF = Int. 1V

VREF = Ext. 2V

mV

Vrms

Noise level at input

Clock rate

64x gain

Same as ADC

1000

kHz

65

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34.6 DAC Characteristics

Table 34-7. DAC Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

VREF = Ext. ref

Min

Typ

±5

Max

Units

INL

Integral Non-Linearity

V_CC= 1.6-3.6V

VREF = Ext. ref

VREF= AV_CC

<±1

LSB

DNL

Differential Non-Linearity

F_clk

Conversion rate

1000

ksps

V

AREF

External reference voltage

Reference input impedance

Max output voltage

1.1

AV_CC-0.6

>10

AV_CC*0.98

<0.030

±0.5

M

R_load=100k

V

Min output voltage

R_load=100k

Offset factory calibration accuracy

Gain factory calibration accuracy

Continues mode, V_CC=3.0V,

VREF = Int 1.00V, T=85°C

LSB

±2.5

34.7 Analog Comparator Characteristics

Table 34-8. Analog Comparator Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

< ±10

< 1000

0

Max

Units

mV

V_off

I_lk

Input Offset Voltage

V_CC= 1.6 - 3.6V

V_CC= 3.0V, T= 85°C

Input Leakage Current

Hysteresis, No

pA

V_hys1

V_hys2

V_hys3

mV

Hysteresis, Small

Hysteresis, Large

mode = HS

mode = LP

20

mV

ns

40

90

t_delay

Propagation delay

V_CC= 1.6 - 3.6V

175

34.8 Bandgap Characteristics

Table 34-9. Bandgap Voltage Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

As reference to ADC or DAC

As input to AC or ADC

1 Clk_PER + 2.5µs

Bandgap Startup Time

Bandgap voltage

ADC/DAC ref

µs

1.5

1.1

T= 85°C, After calibration

0.99

1

1.01

V

85C

_CC= 1.6 - 3.6V, T_A= -40C to

Variation over voltage and temperature

±2

%

66

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34.9 Brownout Detection Characteristics

Table 34-10. Brownout Detection Characteristics⁽¹⁾

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

1.63

1.9

Max

Units

BOD level 0 falling Vcc

1.62

1.7

BOD level 1 falling Vcc

BOD level 2 falling Vcc

2.17

2.43

2.68

2.96

3.22

3.49

1

BOD level 3 falling Vcc

V

BOD level 4 falling Vcc

BOD level 5 falling Vcc

BOD level 6 falling Vcc

BOD level 7 falling Vcc

Hysteresis

BOD level 0-5

%

Note:

1. BOD is calibrated at 85°C within BOD level 0 values, and BOD level 0 is the default level.

34.10 PAD Characteristics

Table 34-11. PAD Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

V_CC= 2.4 - 3.6V

Min

0.7*V_CC

0.8*V_CC

-0.5

Typ

Max

V_CC+0.5

0.3*V_CC

0.2*V_CC

0.76

Units

V_IH

V_IL

Input High Voltage

Input Low Voltage

V_CC= 1.6 - 2.4V

V_CC= 2.4 - 3.6V

V_CC= 1.6 - 2.4V

-0.5

I_OH= 15 mA, V_CC= 3.3V

0.4

0.3

V

V_OL

Output Low Voltage GPIO

Output High Voltage GPIO

I_OH= 10 mA, V_CC= 3.0V

0.64

I_OH= 5 mA, V_CC= 1.8V

I_OH= -8 mA, V_CC= 3.3V

0.2

0.46

2.6

2.1

1.4

3.0

V_OH

I_OH= -6 mA, V_CC= 3.0V

2.7

I_OH= -2 mA, V_CC= 1.8V

1.6

I_IL

I_IH

Input Leakage Current I/O pin

<0.001

20

1

µA

R_P

I/O pin Pull/Buss keeper Resistor T= -40°C to 85°C

k

R_RST

Reset pin Pull-up Resistor

Input hysteresis

T= -40°C to 85°C

_CC= 1.6 V - 3.6 V, T= -40°C to 85°C

20

V

0.5

V

67

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34.11 POR Characteristics

Table 34-12. Power-on Reset Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

0.4

0.8

Typ

0.8

1.3

Max

Units

V_CCfalls faster than 1V/ms

V_POT-

V_POT+

POR threshold voltage falling V_CC

POR threshold voltage rising V_CC

V

_CCfalls at 1V/ms or slower

V

1.59

34.12 Reset Characteristics

Table 34-13. Reset Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

90

Max

Units

Minimum reset pulse width

ns

V_CC= 2.7 - 3.6V

V_CC= 1.6 - 2.7V

0.45*V_CC

0.42*V_CC

Reset threshold voltage

V

34.13 Oscillator Characteristics

Table 34-14. Internal 32.768 kHz Oscillator Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

T = 85C, V_CC= 3V,

After production calibration

Accuracy

-0.5

0.5

%

Table 34-15. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

T = 85C, V_CC= 3V,

After production calibration

Accuracy

-1.5

1.5

%

DFLL Calibration step size

T = 25C, V_CC= 3V

0.15

Table 34-16. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator Characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

T = 85C, V_CC= 3V,

After production calibration

Accuracy

-1.5

1.5

%

DFLL Calibration stepsize

T = 25C, V_CC= 3V

0.2

Table 34-17. Internal 32 kHz, ULP Oscillator Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Condition

Output frequency 32 kHz ULP OSC T = 85C, V_CC= 3.0V

Min

Typ

Max

Units

26

kHz

68

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Table 34-18. External 32.768kHz Crystal Oscillator and TOSC characteristics

Symbol Parameter

Condition

Min

Typ

Max

Units

Capacitive load matched to crystal

specification

SF

Safety factor

3

Crystal load capacitance 6.5pF

Crystal load capacitance 9.0pF

Normal mode

60

35

Recommended crystal equivalent

series resistance (ESR)

ESR/R₁

k

4.7

5.2

Input capacitance between TOSC

pins

C_{IN_TOSC}

pF

Low power mode

Note:

1. See Figure 34-2 on page 69 for definition

Figure 34-2. TOSC input capacitance

C_L1

C_L2

Device internal

External

TOSC1

TOSC2

32.768 KHz crystal

The input capacitance between the TOSC pins is CL1 + CL2 in series as seen from the crystal

when oscillating without external capacitors.

Table 34-19. Device wake-up time from sleep

Symbol Parameter

Condition⁽¹⁾

Int. 32.768 kHz RC

Int. 2 MHz RC

Min

Typ⁽²⁾

130

2

Max

Units

Idle Sleep, Standby and Extended

Standby sleep mode

Ext. 2 MHz Clock

Int. 32 MHz RC

Int. 32.768 kHz RC

Int. 2 MHz RC

2

0.17

320

10.3

4.5

5.8

µS

Power-save and Power-down

Sleep mode

Ext. 2 MHz Clock

Int. 32 MHz RC

Notes: 1. Non-prescaled System Clock source.

2. Time from pin change on external interrupt pin to first available clock cycle. Additional interrupt response time is minimum 5

system clock source cycles.

69

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35. Typical Characteristics

35.1 Active Supply Current

Figure 35-1. Active Supply Current vs. Frequency

f_SYS= 0 - 1.0 MHz External clock, T = 25°C.

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1.8 V

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Frequency [MHz]

Figure 35-2. Active Supply Current vs. Frequency

f_SYS= 1 - 32 MHz External clock, T = 25°C.

14

3.3 V

12

10

8

3.0 V

2.7 V

6

2.2 V

4

1.8 V

2

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

32

Frequency [MHz]

70

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Figure 35-3. Active Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 1.0 MHz External Clock.

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-4. Active Supply Current vs. VCC

f_SYS= 32.768 kHz internal RC.

160

140

120

100

80

-40 °C

85 °C

25 °C

60

40

20

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

71

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Figure 35-5. Active Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 2.0 MHz internal RC.

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-6. Active Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 32 MHz internal RC prescaled to 8 MHz.

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

72

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Figure 35-7. Active Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 32 MHz internal RC.

16

14

12

10

8

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

6

4

2

0

2.7

2.8

2.9

3

3.1

3.2

_CC[V]

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

V

35.2 Idle Supply Current

Figure 35-8. Idle Supply Current vs. Frequency

f_SYS= 0 - 1.0 MHz, T = 25°C.

180

160

140

120

100

80

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1.8 V

60

40

20

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Frequency [MHz]

73

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Figure 35-9. Idle Supply Current vs. Frequency

f_SYS= 1 - 32 MHz, T = 25°C.

6

5

4

3

2

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1

1.8 V

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

32

Frequency [MHz]

Figure 35-10. Idle Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 1.0 MHz External Clock.

200

160

120

80

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

40

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

74

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Figure 35-11. Idle Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 32.768 kHz internal RC.

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

85 °C

-40 °C

25 °C

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-12. Idle Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 2.0 MHz internal RC.

500

400

300

200

100

0

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

75

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Figure 35-13. Idle Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 32 MHz internal RC prescaled to 8 MHz.

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-14. Idle Supply Current vs. Vcc

f_SYS= 32 MHz internal RC.

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

2.7

2.8

2.9

3

3.1

3.2

_CC[V]

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

V

76

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35.3 Power-down Supply Current

Figure 35-15. Power-down Supply Current vs. Temperature

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1.8 V

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-40 -30 -20 -10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Temperature [°C]

Figure 35-16. Power-down Supply Current vs. Temperature

With WDT and sampled BOD enabled.

3

2.5

2

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1.8 V

1.5

1

0.5

0

-40 -30 -20 -10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Temperature [°C]

77

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35.4 Power-save Supply Current

Figure 35-17. Power-save Supply Current vs. Temperature

With WDT, sampled BOD and RTC from ULP enabled.

3

2.5

2

3.3 V

3.0 V

2.7 V

2.2 V

1.8 V

1.5

1

0.5

0

-40 -30 -20 -10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Temperature [°C]

35.5 Pin Pull-up

Figure 35-18. Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage

V_CC= 1.8V.

100

80

60

40

20

0

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

V

_RESET[V]

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Figure 35-19. Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage

V_CC= 3.0V.

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

20

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

V

_RESET[V]

Figure 35-20. Reset Pull-up Resistor Current vs. Reset Pin Voltage

V_CC= 3.3V.

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

20

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

V_RESET[V]

79

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35.6 Pin Output Voltage vs. Sink/Source Current

Figure 35-21. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Source Current

Vcc = 1.8V.

2

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

I

_PIN[mA]

Figure 35-22. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Source Current

Vcc = 3.0V.

3.5

3

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

I_PIN[mA]

80

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Figure 35-23. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Source Current

Vcc = 3.3V.

3.5

3

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

I

_PIN[mA]

Figure 35-24. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Sink Current

Vcc = 1.8V.

85°C 25°C

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

-40 °C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

I_PIN[mA]

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Figure 35-25. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Sink Current

Vcc = 3.0V.

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

I

_PIN[mA]

Figure 35-26. I/O Pin Output Voltage vs. Sink Current

Vcc = 3.3V.

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

I

_PIN[mA]

82

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35.7 Pin Thresholds and Hysteresis

Figure 35-27. I/O Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs. V_CC

V_IH- I/O Pin Read as “1”.

2.5

2

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

1.5

1

0.5

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-28. I/O Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs. V_CC

V_IL- I/O Pin Read as “0”.

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

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Figure 35-29. I/O Pin Input Hysteresis vs. V_CC.

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-30. Reset Input Threshold Voltage vs. V_CC

V_IH- I/O Pin Read as “1”.

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

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Figure 35-31. Reset Input Threshold Voltage vs. V_CC

V_IL- I/O Pin Read as “0”.

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

-40 °C

25 °C

85 °C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

35.8 Bod Thresholds

Figure 35-32. BOD Thresholds vs. Temperature

BOD Level = 1.6V.

1.645

1.64

1.635

1.63

Rising Vcc

1.625

1.62

Falling Vcc

1.615

-40 -30 -20 -10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Temperature [°C]

85

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Figure 35-33. BOD Thresholds vs. Temperature

BOD Level = 2.9V.

3.03

3.02

3.01

Rising Vcc

3

2.99

2.98

2.97

2.96

2.95

Falling Vcc

2.94

2.93

-40 -30 -20 -10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Temperature [°C]

35.9 Analog Comparator

Figure 35-34. Analog Comparator Hysteresis vs. V_CC

High-speed, Small hysteresis.

20

16

12

8

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

4

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

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XMEGA A4

Figure 35-35. Analog Comparator Hysteresis vs. V_CC

High-speed, Large hysteresis.

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

Figure 35-36. Analog Comparator Propagation Delay vs. V_CC

High-speed.

180

162

144

126

108

90

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

72

54

36

18

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

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XMEGA A4

35.10 Oscillators and Wake-up Time

35.10.1 Internal 32.768 kHz Oscillator

Figure 35-37. Internal 32.768 kHz Oscillator Calibration Step Size

T = -40 to 85C, V_CC= 3V.

0.80 %

0.65 %

0.50 %

0.35 %

0.20 %

0.05 %

0

32

64

96

128

160

192

224

256

RC32KCAL[7..0]

35.10.2 Internal 2 MHz Oscillator

Figure 35-38. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator CALA Calibration Step Size

T = -40 to 85C, V_CC= 3V.

0.50 %

0.40 %

0.30 %

0.20 %

0.10 %

0.00 %

-0.10 %

-0.20 %

-0.30 %

0

16

32

48

64

80

96

112

128

DFLLRC2MCALA

88

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Figure 35-39. Internal 2 MHz Oscillator CALB Calibration Step Size

T = -40 to 85C, V_CC= 3V.

3.00 %

2.50 %

2.00 %

1.50 %

1.00 %

0.50 %

0.00 %

0

8

16

24

32

40

48

56

64

DFLLRC2MCALB

35.10.3 Internal 32 MHZ Oscillator

Figure 35-40. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator CALA Calibration Step Size

T = -40 to 85C, V_CC= 3V.

0.60 %

0.50 %

0.40 %

0.30 %

0.20 %

0.10 %

0.00 %

-0.10 %

-0.20 %

0

16

32

48

64

80

96

112

128

DFLLRC32MCALA

89

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Figure 35-41. Internal 32 MHz Oscillator CALB Calibration Step Size

T = -40 to 85C, V_CC= 3V.

3.00 %

2.50 %

2.00 %

1.50 %

1.00 %

0.50 %

0.00 %

0

8

16

24

32

40

48

56

64

DFLLRC32MCALB

35.11 Module current consumption

Figure 35-42. AC current consumption vs. Vcc

Low-power Mode.

140

120

100

80

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

60

40

20

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

90

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

Figure 35-43. Power-up current consumption vs. Vcc

25 °C

600

85 °C

-40 °C

500

400

300

200

100

0

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

V

_CC[V]

35.12 Reset Pulsewidth

Figure 35-44. Minimum Reset Pulse Width vs. Vcc

100

80

60

40

20

0

85 °C

25 °C

-40 °C

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V

_CC[V]

91

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

35.13 PDI Speed

Figure 35-45. PDI Speed vs. Vcc

35

25 °C

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

V_CC[V]

92

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XMEGA A4

36. Errata

36.1 ATxmega16A4, ATxmega32A4

36.1.1

rev. A/B

• Bandgap voltage input for the ACs can not be changed when used for both ACs simultaneously

• VCC voltage scaler for AC is non-linear

• ADC has increased INL error for some operating conditions

• ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4 V

• ADC Event on compare match non-functional

• Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V

• Accuracy lost on first three samples after switching input to ADC gain stage

• Configuration of PGM and CWCM not as described in XMEGA A Manual

• PWM is not restarted properly after a fault in cycle-by-cycle mode

• BOD: BOD will be enabled at any reset

• Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference

• DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V or VCC - 0.6V

• DAC has increased INL or noise for some operating conditions

• EEPROM page buffer always written when NVM DATA0 is written

• Pending full asynchronous pin change interrupts will not wake the device

• Pin configuration does not affect Analog Comparator Output

• NMI Flag for Crystal Oscillator Failure automatically cleared

• Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep

• Crystal start-up time required after power-save even if crystal is source for RTC

• RTC Counter value not correctly read after sleep

• Pending asynchronous RTC-interrupts will not wake up device

• TWI Transmit collision flag not cleared on repeated start

• Clearing TWI Stop Interrupt Flag may lock the bus

• TWI START condition at bus timeout will cause transaction to be dropped

• TWI Data Interrupt Flag (DIF) erroneously read as set

• WDR instruction inside closed window will not issue reset

1. Bandgap voltage input for the ACs cannot be changed when used for both ACs

simultaneously

If the Bandgap voltage is selected as input for one Analog Comparator (AC) and then

selected/deselected as input for another AC, the first comparator will be affected for up to

1 µs and could potentially give a wrong comparison result.

Problem fix/Workaround

If the Bandgap is required for both ACs simultaneously, configure the input selection for both

ACs before enabling any of them.

2. VCC voltage scaler for AC is non-linear

The 6-bit VCC voltage scaler in the Analog Comparators is non-linear.

93

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XMEGA A4

Figure 36-1. Analog Comparator Voltage Scaler vs. Scalefac

T = 25°C

3.5

3

3.3 V

2.7 V

2.5

2

1.8 V

1.5

1

0.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

SCALEFAC

Problem fix/Workaround

Use external voltage input for the analog comparator if accurate voltage levels are needed

3. ADC has increased INL error for some operating conditions

Some ADC configurations or operating condition will result in increased INL error.

In signed mode INL is increased to:

– 6LSB for sample rates above 1Msps, and up to 8 LSB for 2Msps sample rate.

– 6LSB for reference voltage below 1.1V when VCC is above 3.0V.

– 20LSB for ambient temperature below 0 degree C and reference voltage below 1.3V.

In unsigned mode, the INL error cannot be guaranteed, and this mode should not be used.

Problem fix/Workaround

None, avoid using the ADC in the above configurations in order to prevent increased INL

error. Use the ADC in signed mode also for single ended measurements.

4. ADC gain stage output range is limited to 2.4 V

The amplified output of the ADC gain stage will never go above 2.4 V, hence the differential

input will only give correct output when below 2.4 V/gain. For the available gain settings, this

gives a differential input range of:

–

1x gain:

2x gain:

4x gain:

8x gain:

16x gain:

32x gain:

64x gain:

2.4

1.2

0.6

V

300 mV

150 mV

75 mV

38 mV

94

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XMEGA A4

Problem fix/Workaround

Keep the amplified voltage output from the ADC gain stage below 2.4 V in order to get a cor-

rect result, or keep ADC voltage reference below 2.4 V.

5. ADC Event on compare match non-functional

ADC signalling event will be given at every conversion complete even if Interrupt mode (INT-

MODE) is set to BELOW or ABOVE.

Problem fix/Workaround

Enable and use interrupt on compare match when using the compare function.

6. Bandgap measurement with the ADC is non-functional when VCC is below 2.7V

The ADC can not be used to do bandgap measurements when VCC is below 2.7V.

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

7. Accuracy lost on first three samples after switching input to ADC gain stage

Due to memory effect in the ADC gain stage, the first three samples after changing input

channel must be disregarded to achieve 12-bit accuracy.

Problem fix/Workaround

Run three ADC conversions and discard these results after changing input channels to ADC

gain stage.

8. Configuration of PGM and CWCM not as described in XMEGA A Manual

Enabling Common Waveform Channel Mode will enable Pattern generation mode (PGM),

but not Common Waveform Channel Mode.

Enabling Pattern Generation Mode (PGM) and not Common Waveform Channel Mode

(CWCM) will enable both Pattern Generation Mode and Common Waveform Channel Mode.

Problem fix/Workaround

Table 36-1. Configure PWM and CWCM according to this table:

PGM

CWCM

Description

0

1

0

1

0

1

PGM and CWCM disabled

PGM enabled

PGM and CWCM enabled

PGM enabled

9. PWM is not restarted properly after a fault in cycle-by-cycle mode

When the AWeX fault restore mode is set to cycle-by-cycle, the waveform output will not

return to normal operation at first update after fault condition is no longer present.

Problem fix/Workaround

Do a write to any AWeX I/O register to re-enable the output.

10. BOD will be enabled after any reset

If any reset source goes active, the BOD will be enabled and keep the device in reset if the

VCC voltage is below the programmed BOD level. During Power-On Reset, reset will not be

released until VCC is above the programmed BOD level even if the BOD is disabled.

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XMEGA A4

Problem fix/Workaround

Do not set the BOD level higher than VCC even if the BOD is not used.

11. Sampled BOD in Active mode will cause noise when bandgap is used as reference

Using the BOD in sampled mode when the device is running in Active or Idle mode will add

noise on the bandgap reference for ADC, DAC and Analog Comparator.

Problem fix/Workaround

If the bandgap is used as reference for either the ADC, DAC or the Analog Comparator, the

BOD must not be set in sampled mode.

12. DAC is nonlinear and inaccurate when reference is above 2.4V or VCC - 0.6V

Using the DAC with a reference voltage above 2.4V or VCC - 0.6V will give inaccurate out-

put when converting codes that give below 0.75V output:

– ±10 LSB for continuous mode

– ±200 LSB for Sample and Hold mode

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

13. DAC has increased INL or noise for some operating conditions

Some DAC configurations or operating condition will result in increased output error.

– Continous mode: ±5 LSB

– Sample and hold mode: ±15 LSB

– Sample and hold mode for reference above 2.0v: up to ±100 LSB

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

14. EEPROM page buffer always written when NVM DATA0 is written

If the EEPROM is memory mapped, writing to NVM DATA0 will corrupt data in the EEPROM

page buffer.

Problem fix/Workaround

Before writing to NVM DATA0, for example when doing software CRC or flash page buffer

write, check if EEPROM page buffer active loading flag (EELOAD) is set. Do not write NVM

DATA0 when EELOAD is set.

15. Pending full asynchronous pin change interrupts will not wake the device

Any full asynchronous pin-change Interrupt from pin 2, on any port, that is pending when the

sleep instruction is executed, will be ignored until the device is woken from another source

or the source triggers again. This applies when entering all sleep modes where the System

Clock is stopped.

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

16. Pin configuration does not affect Analog Comparator output

The Output/Pull and inverted pin configuration does not affect the Analog Comparator

output.

Problem fix/Workaround

None for Output/Pull configuration.

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XMEGA A4

For inverted I/O, configure the Analog Comparator to give an inverted result (i.e. connect

positive input to the negative AC input and vice versa), or use and external inverter to

change polarity of Analog Comparator output.

17. NMI Flag for Crystal Oscillator Failure automatically cleared

NMI flag for Crystal Oscillator Failure (XOSCFDIF) will be automatically cleared when exe-

cuting the NMI interrupt handler.

Problem fix/Workaround

This device revision has only one NMI interrupt source, so checking the interrupt source in

software is not required.

18. Flash Power Reduction Mode can not be enabled when entering sleep

If Flash Power Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Power-save or Extended Standby

sleep mode, the device will only wake up on every fourth wake-up request. If Flash Power

Reduction Mode is enabled when entering Idle sleep mode, the wake-up time will vary with

up to 16 CPU clock cycles.

Problem fix/Workaround

Disable Flash Power Reduction mode before entering sleep mode.

19. Crystal start-up time required after power-save even if crystal is source for RTC

Even if 32.768 kHz crystal is used for RTC during sleep, the clock from the crystal will not be

ready for the system before the specified start-up time. See "XOSCSEL[3:0]: Crystal Oscilla-

tor Selection" in XMEGA A Manual. If BOD is used in active mode, the BOD will be on during

this period (0.5s).

Problem fix/Workaround

If faster start-up is required, go to sleep with internal oscillator as system clock.

20. RTC Counter value not correctly read after sleep

If the RTC is set to wake up the device on RTC Overflow and bit 0 of RTC CNT is identical to

bit 0 of RTC PER as the device is entering sleep, the value in the RTC count register can not

be read correctly within the first prescaled RTC clock cycle after wakeup. The value read will

be the same as the value in the register when entering sleep.

The same applies if RTC Compare Match is used as wake-up source.

Problem fix/Workaround

Wait at least one prescaled RTC clock cycle before reading the RTC CNT value.

21. Pending asynchronous RTC-interrupts will not wake up device

Asynchronous Interrupts from the Real-Time-Counter that is pending when the sleep

instruction is executed, will be ignored until the device is woken from another source or the

source triggers again.

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

22. TWI Transmit collision flag not cleared on repeated start

The TWI transmit collision flag should be automatically cleared on start and repeated start,

but is only cleared on start.

Problem fix/Workaround

Clear the flag in software after address interrupt.

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XMEGA A4

23. Clearing TWI Stop Interrupt Flag may lock the bus

If software clears the STOP Interrupt Flag (APIF) on the same Peripheral Clock cycle as the

hardware sets this flag due to a new address received, CLKHOLD is not cleared and the

SCL line is not released. This will lock the bus.

Problem fix/Workaround

Check if the bus state is IDLE. If this is the case, it is safe to clear APIF. If the bus state is

not IDLE, wait for the SCL pin to be low before clearing APIF.

Code:

/* Only clear the interrupt flag if within a "safe zone". */

while ( /* Bus not IDLE: */

((COMMS_TWI.MASTER.STATUS & TWI_MASTER_BUSSTATE_gm) !=

TWI_MASTER_BUSSTATE_IDLE_gc)) &&

/* SCL not held by slave: */

!(COMMS_TWI.SLAVE.STATUS & TWI_SLAVE_CLKHOLD_bm)

)

{

/* Ensure that the SCL line is low */

if ( !(COMMS_PORT.IN & PIN1_bm) )

break;

}

/* Check for an pending address match interrupt */

if ( !(COMMS_TWI.SLAVE.STATUS & TWI_SLAVE_CLKHOLD_bm) )

{

/* Safely clear interrupt flag */

COMMS_TWI.SLAVE.STATUS |= (uint8_t)TWI_SLAVE_APIF_bm;

}

24. TWI START condition at bus timeout will cause transaction to be dropped

If Bus Timeout is enabled and a timeout occurs on the same Peripheral Clock cycle as a

START is detected, the transaction will be dropped.

Problem fix/Workaround

None.

25. TWI Data Interrupt Flag erroneously read as set

When issuing the TWI slave response command CMD=0b11, it takes 1 Peripheral Clock

cycle to clear the data interrupt flag (DIF). A read of DIF directly after issuing the command

will show the DIF still set.

Problem fix/Workaround

Add one NOP instruction before checking DIF.

26. WDR instruction inside closed window will not issue reset

When a WDR instruction is execute within one ULP clock cycle after updating the window

control register, the counter can be cleared without giving a system reset.

Problem fix/Workaround

Wait at least one ULP clock cycle before executing a WDR instruction.

98

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XMEGA A4

37. Datasheet Revision History

Please note that the referring page numbers in this section are referred to this document. The

referring revisions in this section are referring to the document revision.

37.1 8069R – 06/13

37.2 8069Q – 12/10

1.

Not recommended for new designs - Use XMEGA A4U series.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

7.

8.

9.

Datasheet status changed to complete: Preliminary removed from the front page.

Updated all tables in the “Electrical Characteristics” .

Updated ”Packaging information” on page 58.

Replaced Table 34-11 on page 67.

Replaced Table 34-18 on page 69 and added the figure ”TOSC input capacitance” on page 69.

ERRATA A combined with ERRATA B to ERRATA “rev. A/B” .

Updated ERRATA for ADC (ADC has increased INL error for some operating conditions).

Updated the last page by Atmel new Brand Style Guide.

37.3 8069P – 09/10

1.

Updated ”Errata” on page 93.

37.4 8069O – 08/10

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Updated the Footnote 3 of ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

Updated ”Features” on page 27. Event Channel 0 output on port pin 7.

Updated ”DC Characteristics” on page 61 by adding Icc for Flash/EEPROM Programming.

Added AVCC in ”ADC Characteristics” on page 65.

Updated Start up time in ”ADC Characteristics” on page 65.

Updated ”DAC Characteristics” on page 66. Removed DC output impedence.

Updated and fixed typo in “Errata” section.

99

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

37.5 8069N – 02/10

37.6 8069M – 02/10

1.

Added ”PDI Speed” on page 92.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Updated the device pin-out Figure 2-1 on page 3. PDI_CLK and PDI_DATA renamed only PDI.

Updated ”Alternate Pin Functions Description” on page 49.

Updated ”Alternate Pin Functions” on page 51.

Updated ”Timer/Counter and AWEX functions” on page 49.

Added Table 34-18 on page 69.

Added Table 34-19 on page 69.

Changed Internal Oscillator Speed to ”Oscillators and Wake-up Time” on page 88.

Updated ”Errata” on page 93.

37.7 8069L – 11/09

1.

2.

3.

4.

Updated ”Flash and EEPROM Page Size” on page 14.

Updated ”Electrical Characteristics” on page 61 with Max/Min numbers.

Added ”Flash and EEPROM Memory Characteristics” on page 64.

Updated Table 34-11 on page 67, Input hysteresis is in V and not in mV.

37.8 8069K – 06/09

37.9 8069J – 04/09

1.

2.

Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

Updated ”Errata” on page 93

1.

2.

3.

Updated ”Electrical Characteristics” on page 61.

Updated ”Typical Characteristics” on page 70.

Editorial updates.

100

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8069R–AVR–06/2013

XMEGA A4

37.10 8069I – 03/09

37.11 8069H – 11/08

1.

2.

Updated ”Electrical Characteristics” on page 61.

Updated ”Typical Characteristics” on page 70.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

Added VFBGA to ”Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 3.

Updated ”Block Diagram” on page 6.

Updated feature list in ”Memories” on page 10.

Added 49-balls VFBGA to ”Packaging information” on page 58.

37.12 8069G – 10/08

1.

2.

3.

Updated ”Features” on page 1.

Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

Replaced the package drawing ”44M1” on page 59 by a rev H update.

37.13 8069F – 09/08

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Updated ”Features” on page 1.

Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

Updated ”Features” on page 10 by removing “External Memory...”.

Updated Figure 7-1 on page 11 and Figure 7-2 on page 12.

Updated Table 7-2 on page 14 and Table 7-3 on page 14.

Updated ADC ”Features” on page 41 and ”Overview” on page 41.

Removed “Interrupt Vector Summary” section from datasheet.

37.14 8069E – 08/08

1.

2.

Changed Figure 2-1’s title to “Bock Diagram and TQFP/QFN pinout” .

Updated Table 30-6 on page 52.

101

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XMEGA A4

37.15 8069D – 08/08

37.16 8069C – 06/08

1.

2.

Updated ”Features” on page 1 and ”Overview” on page 5.

Inserted ”Interrupt Vector Summary.” on page 52.

1.

2.

3.

Updated Figure 2-1 on page 3 and ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 49.

Updated ”Overview” on page 5.

Updated XMEGA A4 Block Diagram, Figure 3-1 on page 6 by removing JTAG from the block

diagram.

4.

5.

6.

Removed the sections related to JTAG: JTAG Reset and JTAG Interface.

Updated Table 14-1 on page 25.

Updated all tables in section ”Alternate Pin Functions” on page 51.

37.17 8069B – 06/08

1.

Updated ”Features” on page 1.

2.

Updated ”Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 3 and ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 49.

Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.

3.

4.

Updated ”Overview” on page 5, included the XMEGA A4 explanation text on page 6.

Added XMEGA A4 Block Diagram, Figure 3-1 on page 6.

Updated AVR CPU ”Features” on page 8 and Updated Figure 6-1 on page 8.

Updated Event System block diagram, Figure 9-1 on page 17.

Updated ”PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller” on page 25.

Updated ”AC - Analog Comparator” on page 44.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

Updated ”I/O configuration” on page 27.

Inserted a new Figure 16-1 on page 32.

Updated ”Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 53.

Inserted ”Instruction Set Summary” on page 54.

Added Speed grades in ”Speed” on page 63.

37.18 8069A – 02/08

1.

Initial revision.

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XMEGA A4

Table of Contents

Features..................................................................................................... 1

Typical Applications ................................................................................ 1

Ordering Information ............................................................................... 2

Pinout/Block Diagram .............................................................................. 3

1

2

3

Overview ................................................................................................... 5

3.1Block Diagram ...........................................................................................................6

4

Resources ................................................................................................. 7

4.1Recommended reading .............................................................................................7

5

6

Disclaimer ................................................................................................. 7

AVR CPU ................................................................................................... 8

6.1Features ....................................................................................................................8

6.2Overview ...................................................................................................................8

6.3Register File ..............................................................................................................9

6.4ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit .......................................................................................9

6.5Program Flow ............................................................................................................9

7

Memories ................................................................................................ 10

7.1Features ..................................................................................................................10

7.2Overview .................................................................................................................10

7.3In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory .................................................11

7.4Data Memory ...........................................................................................................12

7.5Production Signature Row .......................................................................................13

7.6User Signature Row ................................................................................................13

7.7Flash and EEPROM Page Size ...............................................................................14

8

9

DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller .......................................... 15

8.1Features ..................................................................................................................15

8.2Overview .................................................................................................................15

Event System ......................................................................................... 16

9.1Features ..................................................................................................................16

9.2Overview .................................................................................................................16

10 System Clock and Clock options ......................................................... 18

10.1Features ................................................................................................................18

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XMEGA A4

10.2Overview ...............................................................................................................18

10.3Clock Options ........................................................................................................19

11 Power Management and Sleep Modes ................................................. 21

11.1Features ................................................................................................................21

11.2Overview ...............................................................................................................21

11.3Sleep Modes .........................................................................................................21

12 System Control and Reset .................................................................... 23

12.1Features ................................................................................................................23

12.2Resetting the AVR .................................................................................................23

12.3Reset Sources .......................................................................................................23

13 WDT - Watchdog Timer ......................................................................... 24

13.1Features ................................................................................................................24

13.2Overview ...............................................................................................................24

14 PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller ....................... 25

14.1Features ................................................................................................................25

14.2Overview ...............................................................................................................25

14.3Interrupt vectors ....................................................................................................25

15 I/O Ports .................................................................................................. 27

15.1Features ................................................................................................................27

15.2Overview ...............................................................................................................27

15.3I/O configuration ....................................................................................................27

15.4Input sensing .........................................................................................................30

15.5Port Interrupt .........................................................................................................30

15.6Alternate Port Functions ........................................................................................30

16 T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter ..................................................................... 31

16.1Features ................................................................................................................31

16.2Overview ...............................................................................................................31

17 AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension ............................................. 33

17.1Features ................................................................................................................33

17.2Overview ...............................................................................................................33

18 Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension ..................................................... 34

18.1Features ................................................................................................................34

18.2Overview ...............................................................................................................34

ii

Not recommended for new designs -

8069R–AVR–06/2013

Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

19 RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter ............................................................ 35

19.1Features ................................................................................................................35

19.2Overview ...............................................................................................................35

20 TWI - Two-Wire Interface ....................................................................... 36

20.1Features ................................................................................................................36

20.2Overview ...............................................................................................................36

21 SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface ............................................................ 37

21.1Features ................................................................................................................37

21.2Overview ...............................................................................................................37

22 USART ..................................................................................................... 38

22.1Features ................................................................................................................38

22.2Overview ...............................................................................................................38

23 IRCOM - IR Communication Module .................................................... 39

23.1Features ................................................................................................................39

23.2Overview ...............................................................................................................39

24 Crypto Engine ........................................................................................ 40

24.1Features ................................................................................................................40

24.2Overview ...............................................................................................................40

25 ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter ............................................. 41

25.1Features ................................................................................................................41

25.2Overview ...............................................................................................................41

26 DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter ............................................. 43

26.1Features ................................................................................................................43

26.2Overview ...............................................................................................................43

27 AC - Analog Comparator ....................................................................... 44

27.1Features ................................................................................................................44

27.2Overview ...............................................................................................................44

27.3Input Selection .......................................................................................................46

27.4Window Function ...................................................................................................46

28 OCD - On-chip Debug ............................................................................ 47

28.1Features ................................................................................................................47

28.2Overview ...............................................................................................................47

29 Program and Debug Interfaces ............................................................. 48

iii

Not recommended for new designs -

8069R–AVR–06/2013

Use XMEGA A4U series

XMEGA A4

29.1Features ................................................................................................................48

29.2Overview ...............................................................................................................48

29.3PDI - Program and Debug Interface ......................................................................48

30 Pinout and Pin Functions ...................................................................... 49

30.1Alternate Pin Functions Description ......................................................................49

30.2Alternate Pin Functions .........................................................................................51

31 Peripheral Module Address Map .......................................................... 53

32 Instruction Set Summary ...................................................................... 54

33 Packaging information .......................................................................... 58

33.144A ........................................................................................................................58

33.244M1 .....................................................................................................................59

33.349C2 ......................................................................................................................60

34 Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................... 61

34.1Absolute Maximum Ratings* .................................................................................61

34.2DC Characteristics ................................................................................................61

34.3Speed ....................................................................................................................63

34.4Flash and EEPROM Memory Characteristics .......................................................64

34.5ADC Characteristics ..............................................................................................65

34.6DAC Characteristics ..............................................................................................66

34.7Analog Comparator Characteristics .......................................................................66

34.8Bandgap Characteristics .......................................................................................66

34.9Brownout Detection Characteristics ......................................................................67

34.10PAD Characteristics ............................................................................................67

34.11POR Characteristics ...........................................................................................68

34.12Reset Characteristics ..........................................................................................68

34.13Oscillator Characteristics .....................................................................................68

35 Typical Characteristics .......................................................................... 70

35.1Active Supply Current ............................................................................................70

35.2Idle Supply Current ................................................................................................73

35.3Power-down Supply Current .................................................................................77

35.4Power-save Supply Current ..................................................................................78

35.5Pin Pull-up .............................................................................................................78

35.6Pin Output Voltage vs. Sink/Source Current .........................................................80

35.7Pin Thresholds and Hysteresis ..............................................................................83

iv

Not recommended for new designs -

8069R–AVR–06/2013

Use XMEGA A4U series

35.8Bod Thresholds .....................................................................................................85

35.9Analog Comparator ...............................................................................................86

35.10Oscillators and Wake-up Time ............................................................................88

35.11Module current consumption ...............................................................................90

35.12Reset Pulsewidth .................................................................................................91

35.13PDI Speed ...........................................................................................................92

36 Errata ....................................................................................................... 93

36.1ATxmega16A4, ATxmega32A4 .............................................................................93

37 Datasheet Revision History .................................................................. 99

37.18069R – 06/13 .......................................................................................................99

37.28069Q – 12/10 .......................................................................................................99

37.38069P – 09/10 .......................................................................................................99

37.48069O – 08/10 .......................................................................................................99

37.58069N – 02/10 .....................................................................................................100

37.68069M – 02/10 ....................................................................................................100

37.78069L – 11/09 .....................................................................................................100

37.88069K – 06/09 .....................................................................................................100

37.98069J – 04/09 ......................................................................................................100

37.108069I – 03/09 ....................................................................................................101

37.118069H – 11/08 ...................................................................................................101

37.128069G – 10/08 ...................................................................................................101

37.138069F – 09/08 ...................................................................................................101

37.148069E – 08/08 ...................................................................................................101

37.158069D – 08/08 ...................................................................................................102

37.168069C – 06/08 ...................................................................................................102

37.178069B – 06/08 ...................................................................................................102

37.188069A – 02/08 ...................................................................................................102

Table of Contents....................................................................................... i

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8069R–AVR–06/2013


型号：	ATXMEGA16A4-MHR
厂家：	ATMEL
描述：	RISC Microcontroller, 16-Bit, FLASH, AVR RISC CPU, 32MHz, CMOS, PQCC44, 7 X 7 MM, 1 MM HEIGHT, 0.50 MM PITCH, GREEN, PLASTIC, MO-220VKKD-3, VQFN-44 时钟微控制器外围集成电路闪存
文件：	总108页 (文件大小：3578K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

ATXMEGA16A4-MHR [ATMEL]

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