ATXMEGA64A4-MU [ATMEL]
8/16-bit XMEGA A4 Microcontroller; 8位/ 16位XMEGA微控制器A4型号: | ATXMEGA64A4-MU |
厂家: | ATMEL |
描述: | 8/16-bit XMEGA A4 Microcontroller |
文件: | 总69页 (文件大小:807K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Features
• High-performance, Low-power AVR 8/16-bit AVR XMEGA Microcontroller
• Non-volatile Program and Data Memories
– 16K - 128K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash
– 4K Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
– 1K - 2K Bytes EEPROM
– 2K - 8K Bytes Internal SRAM
• Peripheral Features
– Four-channel DMA Controller with support for external requests
– Eight-channel Event System
8/16-bit
– Five 16-bit Timer/Counters
XMEGA A4
Microcontroller
Three Timer/Counters with 4 Output Compare or Input Capture channels
Two Timer/Counters with 2 Output Compare or Input Capture channels
High-Resolution Extensions on all Timer/Counters
Advanced Waveform Extension on one Timer/Counter
– Five USARTs
ATxmega128A4
ATxmega64A4
ATxmega32A4
ATxmega16A4
IrDA Extension on one USART
– Two Two-Wire Interfaces with dual address match (I2C and SMBus compatible)
– Two SPIs (Serial Peripheral Interfaces) peripherals
– AES and DES Crypto Engine
– 16-bit Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– One Twelve-channel, 12-bit, 2 Msps Analog to Digital Converter
– One Two-channel, 12-bit, 1 Msps Digital to Analog Converter
– Two Analog Comparators with Window compare function
– External Interrupts on all General Purpose I/O pins
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Ultra Low Power Oscillator
• Special Microcontroller Features
Preliminary
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal and External Clock Options with PLL
– Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
– Sleep Modes: Idle, Power-down, Standby, Power-save, Extended Standby
– Advanced Programming, Test and Debugging Interfaces
PDI (Program and Debug Interface) for programming, test and debugging
• I/O and Packages
– 36 Programmable I/O Lines
– 44-lead TQFP
– 44-pad MLF
• Operating Voltage
– 1.6 – 3.6V
• Speed performance
– 0 – 12 MHz @ 1.6 – 2.7V
– 0 – 32 MHz @ 2.7 – 3.6V
Typical Applications
• Industrial control
• Factory automation
• Building control
• Board control
• Climate control
• ZigBee
• Hand-held battery applications
• Power tools
• HVAC
• Metering
• Medical Applications
• Motor control
• Networking
• Optical
8069C–AVR–06/08
• White Goods
XMEGA A4
1. Ordering Information
Ordering Code
Flash (B)
128K + 4K
64K + 4K
32K + 4K
16K + 4K
128K + 4K
64K + 4K
32K + 4K
16K + 4K
E2 (B)
2K
SRAM (B)
Speed (MHz) Power Supply Package(1)(2)(3)
Temp
ATxmega128A4-AU
ATxmega64A4-AU
ATxmega32A4-AU
ATxmega16A4-AU
ATxmega128A4-MU
ATxmega64A4-MU
ATxmega32A4-MU
ATxmega16A4-MU
8K
4K
4K
2K
8K
4K
4K
2K
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
1.6 - 3.6V
2K
44A
2K
1K
-40° - 85°
2K
2K
44M1
2K
1K
Notes: 1. This device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact your local Atmel sales office for detailed ordering information.
2. Pb-free packaging, complies to the European Directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS directive). Also
Halide free and fully Green.
3. For packaging information see ”Packaging information” on page 56.
Package Type
44-lead, 10 x 10 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness, 0.8 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
44-pad, 7 x 7 x 1.0 mm Body, Lead Pitch 0.50 mm, 5.20 mm Exposed Pad, Micro Lead Frame Package (MLF)
44A
44M1
2. Pinout/Block Diagram
Figure 2-1. Bock Diagram and TDFP-pinout.
INDEX CORNER
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
PE3
PE2
VCC
GND
PE1
PE0
PD7
PD6
PD5
PD4
PD3
PA5
PA6
1
Port R
DATA BU S
2
OSC/CLK
Control
ADC A
AC A0
AC A1
PA7
3
BOD
TEMP
VREF
POR
OCD
PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3
GND
VCC
PC0
PC1
4
RTC
Power
Control
FLASH
5
CPU
DMA
RAM
Reset
Control
6
E2PROM
Interrupt Controller
Event System ctrl
DATA BU S
7
DAC B
Watchdog
8
EVENT ROUTING NETWORK
9
10
11
Port C
Port D
Port E
Note:
For full details on pinout and pin functions refer to ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 47.
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XMEGA A4
3. Overview
The XMEGA A4 is a family of low power, high performance and peripheral rich CMOS 8/16-bit
microcontrollers based on the AVR® enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful
instructions in a single clock cycle, the XMEGA A4 achieves throughputs approaching 1 Million
Instructions Per Second (MIPS) per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power con-
sumption versus processing speed.
The AVR CPU combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the
32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent
registers to be accessed in one single instruction, executed in one clock cycle. The resulting
architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs many times faster than conven-
tional single-accumulator or CISC based microcontrollers.
The XMEGA A4 devices provides the following features: In-System Programmable Flash with
Read-While-Write capabilities, Internal EEPROM and SRAM, four-channel DMA Controller,
eight-channel Event System, Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller, 36 general purpose
I/O lines, 16-bit Real Time Counter (RTC), five flexible 16-bit Timer/Counters with compare
modes and PWM, five USARTs, two Two Wire Serial Interfaces (TWIs), two Serial Peripheral
Interfaces (SPIs), AES and DES crypto engine, one Twelve-channel, 12-bit ADC with optional
differential input with programmable gain, one Two-channel, 12-bit DAC, two analog compara-
tors with window mode, programmable Watchdog Timer with separate Internal Oscillator,
accurate internal oscillators with PLL and prescaler and programmable Brown-Out Detection.
The Program and Debug Interface (PDI), a fast 2-pin interface for programming and debugging,
is available.
The XMEGA A4 devices have five software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode
stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, DMA Controller, Event System, Interrupt Controller and
all peripherals to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the SRAM and register
contents but stops the oscillators, disabling all other functions until the next TWI or pin-change
interrupt, or Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous Real Time Counter continues to run,
allowing the application to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. In
Standby mode, the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is kept running while the rest of the device is
sleeping. This allows very fast start-up from external crystal combined with low power consump-
tion. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue
to run. To further reduce power consumption, the peripheral clock to each individual peripheral
can optionally be stopped in Active mode and in Idle sleep mode.
The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The pro-
gram Flash memory can be reprogrammed in-system through the PDI. A Bootloader running in
the device can use any interface to download the application program to the Flash memory. The
Bootloader software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash
section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8/16-bit RISC
CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash, the Atmel XMEGA A4 is a powerful microcon-
troller family that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution for many embedded
applications.
The XMEGA A4 devices is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools
including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, programmers, and
evaluation kits.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
3.1
Block Diagram
Figure 3-1. XMEGA A4 Block Diagram
PR[0..1]
XTAL1/
TOSC1
XTAL2/
TOSC2
Oscillator
Circuits/
Clock
Watchdog
Oscillator
Real Time
Counter
Generation
Watchdog
Timer
DATA BUS
SRAM
VCC
GND
Power
Supervision
POR/BOD &
RESET
Event System
Controller
Oscillator
Control
PA[0..7]
PORT A (8)
DMA
Controller
Sleep
Controller
ACA
RESET/
PDI_CLK
PDI
ADCA
PDI_DATA
BUS
Controller
Prog/Debug
Controller
AREFA
Internal
Reference
DES
AES
OCD
AREFB
PORT B (4)
DACB
CPU
Interrupt
Controller
PB[0..3]
NVM Controller
TWIE
USARTE0
TCE0
PE[0..3]
Flash
EEPROM
IRCOM
DATA BUS
EVENT ROUTING NETWORK
PORT C (8)
PORT D (8)
PC[0..7]
PD[0..7]
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
4. Resources
A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for
download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.
4.1
Recommended reading
• XMEGA A Manual
• XMEGA A Application Notes
This device data sheet only contains part specific information and a short description of each
peripheral and module. The XMEGA A Manual describes the modules and peripherals in depth.
The XMEGA A application notes contain example code and show applied use of the modules
and peripherals.
The XMEGA A Manual and Application Notes are available from http://www.atmel.com/avr.
5. Disclaimer
For devices that are not available yet, typical values contained in this datasheet are based on
simulations and characterization of other AVR XMEGA microcontrollers manufactured on the
same process technology. Min. and Max values will be available after the device is
characterized.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
6. AVR CPU
6.1
Features
• 8/16-bit high performance AVR RISC Architecture
– 138 instructions
– Hardware multiplier
• 32x8-bit registers directly connected to the ALU
• Stack in RAM
• Stack Pointer accessible in I/O memory space
• Direct addressing of up to 16M Bytes of program and data memory
• True 16/24-bit access to 16/24-bit I/O registers
• Support for 8-, 16- and 32-bit Arithmetic
• Configuration Change Protection of system critical features
6.2
Overview
The XMEGA A4 uses the 8/16-bit AVR CPU. The main function of the CPU is program execu-
tion. The CPU must therefore be able to access memories, perform calculations and control
peripherals. Interrupt handling is described in a separate section. Figure 6-1 on page 6 shows
the CPU block diagram.
Figure 6-1. CPU block diagram
DATA BUS
Flash
Program
Program
Counter
Memory
32 x 8 General
Purpose
Registers
Instruction
Register
OCD
STATUS/
CONTROL
Instruction
Decode
Multiplier/
DES
ALU
DATA BUS
Peripheral
Module 1
Peripheral
Module 2
SRAM
EEPROM
PMIC
The AVR uses a Harvard architecture - with separate memories and buses for program and
data. Instructions in the program memory are executed with a single level pipeline. While one
instruction is being executed, the next instruction is pre-fetched from the program memory. This
6
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
concept enables instructions to be executed in every clock cycle. The program memory is In-
System Re-programmable Flash memory.
6.3
6.4
Register File
The fast-access Register File contains 32 x 8-bit general purpose working registers with single
clock cycle access time. This allows single-cycle Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) operation. In a typ-
ical ALU cycle, the operation is performed on two Register File operands, and the result is stored
back in the Register File.
Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit address register pointers for data space
addressing - enabling efficient address calculations. One of these address pointers can also be
used as an address pointer for look up tables in Flash program memory.
ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit
The high performance Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) supports arithmetic and logic operations
between registers or between a constant and a register. Single register operations can also be
executed. Within a single clock cycle, arithmetic operations between general purpose registers
or between a register and an immediate are executed. After an arithmetic or logic operation, the
Status Register is updated to reflect information about the result of the operation.
The ALU operations are divided into three main categories – arithmetic, logical, and bit-func-
tions. Both 8- and 16-bit arithmetic is supported, and the instruction set allows for efficient
implementation of 32-bit arithmetic. The ALU also provides a powerful multiplier supporting both
signed and unsigned multiplication and fractional format.
6.5
Program Flow
When the device is powered on, the CPU starts to execute instructions from the lowest address
in the Flash Program Memory ‘0’. The Program Counter (PC) addresses the next instruction to
be fetched. After a reset, the PC is set to location ‘0’.
Program flow is provided by conditional and unconditional jump and call instructions, capable of
addressing the whole address space directly. Most AVR instructions use a 16-bit word format,
while a limited number uses a 32-bit format.
During interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address PC is stored on the Stack. The Stack
is effectively allocated in the general data SRAM, and consequently the Stack size is only limited
by the total SRAM size and the usage of the SRAM. After reset the Stack Pointer (SP) points to
the highest address in the internal SRAM. The SP is read/write accessible in the I/O memory
space, enabling easy implementation of multiple stacks or stack areas. The data SRAM can
easily be accessed through the five different addressing modes supported in the AVR CPU.
7
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
7. Memories
7.1
Features
• Flash Program Memory
– One linear address space
– In-System Programmable
– Self-Programming and Bootloader support
– Application Section for application code
– Application Table Section for application code or data storage
– Boot Section for application code or bootloader code
– Separate lock bits and protection for all sections
• Data Memory
– One linear address space
– Single cycle access from CPU
– SRAM
– EEPROM
Byte or page accessible
Optional memory mapping for direct load and store
– I/O Memory
Configuration and Status registers for all peripherals and modules
16-bit accessible General Purpose Register for global variables or flags
– External Memory support
– Bus arbitration
Safe and deterministic handling of CPU and DMA Controller priority
– Separate buses for SRAM, EEPROM, I/O Memory and External Memory access
Simultaneous bus access for CPU and DMA Controller
• Calibration Row Memory for factory programmed data
Oscillator calibration bytes
Serial number
Device ID for each device type
• User Signature Row
One flash page in size
Can be read and written from software
Data is kept after Chip Erase
7.2
Overview
The AVR architecture has two main memory spaces, the Program Memory and the Data Mem-
ory. In addition, the XMEGA A4 features an EEPROM Memory for non-volatile data storage. All
three memory spaces are linear and require no paging. The available memory size configura-
tions are shown in ”Ordering Information” on page 2. In addition each device has a Flash
memory signature row for calibration data, device identification, serial number etc.
Non-volatile memory spaces can be locked for further write or read/write operations. This pre-
vents unrestricted access to the application software.
7.3
In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory
The XMEGA A4 devices contains On-chip In-System Programmable Flash memory for program
storage, see Figure 7-1 on page 9. Since all AVR instructions are 16- or 32-bits wide, each Flash
address location is 16 bits.
8
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
The Program Flash memory space is divided into Application and Boot sections. Both sections
have dedicated Lock Bits for setting restrictions on write or read/write operations. The Store Pro-
gram Memory (SPM) instruction must reside in the Boot Section when used to write to the Flash
memory.
A third section inside the Application section is referred to as the Application Table section which
has separate Lock bits for storage of write or read/write protection. The Application Table sec-
tion can be used for storing non-volatile data or application software.
Figure 7-1. Flash Program Memory (Hexadecimal address)
Word Address
0
Application Section
(128K/64K/32K/16K)
...
EFFF
F000
/
/
/
/
/
77FF
7800
7FFF
8000
87FF
/
/
/
/
/
37FF
3800
3FFF
4000
47FF
/
/
/
/
/
17FF
1800
1FFF
2000
27FF
Application Table Section
(4K/4K/4K/4K)
FFFF
10000
10FFF
Boot Section
(4K/4K/4K/4K)
The Application Table Section and Boot Section can also be used for general application
software.
9
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
7.4
Data Memory
The Data Memory consist of the I/O Memory, EEPROM and SRAM memories, all within one lin-
ear address space, see Figure 7-2 on page 10. To simplify development, the memory map for all
devices in the family is identical and with empty, reserved memory space for smaller devices.
Figure 7-2. Data Memory Map (Hexadecimal address)
Byte Address
ATxmega64A4
Byte Address
ATxmega32A4
Byte Address
ATxmega16A4
0
0
0
I/O Registers
(4KB)
I/O Registers
(4KB)
I/O Registers
(4KB)
FFF
1000
17FF
FFF
1000
17FF
FFF
1000
17FF
EEPROM
(2K)
EEPROM
(2K)
EEPROM
(1K)
RESERVED
RESERVED
RESERVED
2000
2FFF
2000
2FFF
2000
27FF
Internal SRAM
(4K)
Internal SRAM
(4K)
Internal SRAM
(2K)
3000
3000
2800
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
FFFFFF
FFFFFF
FFFFFF
Byte Address
ATxmega128A4
0
FFF
I/O Registers
(4KB)
1000
17FF
EEPROM
(2K)
RESERVED
2000
3FFF
Internal SRAM
(8K)
4000
External Memory
(0 to 16 MB)
FFFFFF
7.4.1
I/O Memory
All peripherals and modules are addressable through I/O memory locations in the data memory
space. All I/O memory locations can be accessed by the Load (LD/LDS/LDD) and Store
(ST/STS/STD) instructions, transferring data between the 32 general purpose registers in the
CPU and the I/O Memory.
The IN and OUT instructions can address I/O memory locations in the range 0x00 - 0x3F
directly.
I/O registers within the address range 0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and
CBI instructions. The value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instruc-
tions on these registers.
The I/O memory address for all peripherals and modules in XMEGA A4 is shown in the ”Periph-
eral Module Address Map” on page 51.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
7.4.2
7.4.3
SRAM Data Memory
The XMEGA A4 devices has internal SRAM memory for data storage.
EEPROM Data Memory
The XMEGA A4 devices has internal EEPROM memory for non-volatile data storage. It is
addressable either in a separate data space or it can be memory mapped into the normal data
memory space. The EEPROM memory supports both byte and page access.
7.5
Calibration Row
The Calibration Row is a separate memory section for factory programmed data. It contains cal-
ibration data for functions such as oscillators, device ID, and a factory programmed serial
number that is unique for each device. The device ID for the available XMEGA A1 devices is
shown in Table 7-1 on page 11. Some of the calibration values will be automatically loaded to
the corresponding module or peripheral unit during reset. The Calibration Row can not be written
or erased. It can be read from application software and external programming.
Table 7-1.
Device ID bytes for XMEGA A4 devices.
Device
Device ID bytes
Byte 2
Byte 1
94
Byte 0
1E
ATxmega16A4
ATxmega32A4
ATxmega64A4
ATxmega128A4
41
41
46
46
85
1E
96
1E
97
1E
7.6
User Signature Row
The User Signature Row is a separate memory section that is fully accessible (read and write)
from application software and external programming. The User Signature Row is one flash page
in size, and is meant for static user parameter storage, such as calibration data, custom serial
numbers, random number seeds etc. This section is not erased by Chip Erase, and requires a
dedicated erase command. This ensures parameter storage during multiple program/erase ses-
sion and On-Chip Debug sessions.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
7.7
Flash and EEPROM Page Size
The Flash Program Memory and EEPROM data memory is organized in pages. The pages are
word accessible for the Flash and byte accessible for the EEPROM.
Table 7-2 on page 12 shows the Flash Program Memory organization. Flash write and erase
operations are performed on one page at the time, while reading the Flash is done one byte at
the time. For Flash access the Z-pointer (Z[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant
bits in the address (FPAGE) gives the page number and the least significant address bits
(FWORD) gives the word in the page.
Table 7-2.
Number of words and Pages in the Flash.
Devices
Flash
Page Size
(words)
128
FWORD
FPAGE
Application
Boot
No of Pages
Size (Bytes)
16K + 4K
Size
No of Pages
Size
4K
ATxmega16A4
ATxmega32A4
ATxmega64A4
ATxmega128A4
Z[6:0]
Z[6:0]
Z[6:0]
Z[7:0]
Z[13:7]
Z[14:7]
Z[15:7]
Z[16:8]
16K
32K
64
16
16
16
16
32K + 4K
128
128
128
256
4K
64K + 4K
128
64K
4K
128K + 4K
256
128K
4K
Table 7-3 on page 12 shows EEPROM memory organization for the XMEGA A4 devices.
EEPROM write and erase operations can be performed one page or one byte at the time, while
reading the EEPROM is done one byte at the time. For EEPROM access the NVM Address
Register (ADDR[m:n]) is used for addressing. The most significant bits in the address (E2PAGE)
gives the page number and the least significant address bits (E2BYTE) gives the byte in the
page.
Table 7-3.
Number of Bytes and Pages in the EEPROM.
Devices
EEPROM
Page Size
E2BYTE
E2PAGE
No of Pages
Size (Bytes)
(Bytes)
32
ATxmega16A4
ATxmega32A4
ATxmega64A4
ATxmega128A4
1K
2K
2K
2K
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[4:0]
ADDR[10:5]
ADDR[10:5]
ADDR[10:5]
ADDR[10:5]
32
64
64
64
32
32
32
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
8. DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller
8.1
Features
• Allows High-speed data transfer
– From memory to peripheral
– From memory to memory
– From peripheral to memory
– From peripheral to peripheral
• 4 Channels
• From 1 byte and up to 16 M bytes transfers in a single transaction
• Multiple addressing modes for source and destination address
– Increment
– Decrement
– Static
• 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes Burst Transfers
• Programmable priority between channels
8.2
Overview
The XMEGA A4 has a Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller to move data between memories
and peripherals in the data space. The DMA controller uses the same data bus as the CPU to
transfer data.
It has 4 channels that can be configured independently. Each DMA channel can perform data
transfers in blocks of configurable size from 1 to 64K bytes. A repeat counter can be used to
repeat each block transfer for single transactions up to 16M bytes. Each DMA channel can be
configured to access the source and destination memory address with incrementing, decrement-
ing or static addressing. The addressing is independent for source and destination address.
When the transaction is complete the original source and destination address can automatically
be reloaded to be ready for the next transaction.
The DMAC can access all the peripherals through their I/O memory registers, and the DMA may
be used for automatic transfer of data to/from communication modules, as well as automatic
data retrieval from ADC conversions, data transfer to DAC conversions, or data transfer to or
from port pins. A wide range of transfer triggers is available from the peripherals, Event System
and software. Each DMA channel has different transfer triggers.
To allow for continuous transfer, two channels can be interlinked so that the second takes over
the transfer when the first is finished and vice versa.
The DMA controller can read from memory mapped EEPROM, but it cannot write to the
EEPROM or access the Flash.
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XMEGA A4
9. Event System
9.1
Features
• Inter-peripheral communication and signalling with minimum latency
• CPU and DMA independent operation
• 8 Event Channels allow for up to 8 signals to be routed at the same time
• Events can be generated by
– TImer/Counters (TCxn)
– Real Time Counter (RTC)
– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)
– Analog Comparators (ACx)
– Ports (PORTx)
– System Clock (ClkSYS
)
– Software (CPU)
• Events can be used by
– TImer/Counters (TCxn)
– Analog to Digital Converters (ADCx)
– Digital to Analog Converters (DACx)
– Ports (PORTx)
– DMA Controller (DMAC)
– IR Communication Module (IRCOM)
• The same event can be used by multiple peripherals for synchronized timing
• Advanced Features
– Manual Event Generation from software (CPU)
– Quadrature Decoding
– Digital Filtering
• Functions in Active and Idle mode
9.2
Overview
The Event System is a set of features for inter-peripheral communication. It enables the possibil-
ity for a change of state in one peripheral to automatically trigger actions in one or more
peripherals. What changes in a peripheral that will trigger actions in other peripherals are config-
urable by software. It is a simple, but powerful system as it allows for autonomous control of
peripherals without any use of interrupts, CPU or DMA resources.
The indication of a change in a peripheral is referred to as an event, and is usually the same as
the interrupt conditions for that peripheral. Events are passed between peripherals using a dedi-
cated routing network called the Event Routing Network. Figure 9-1 on page 15 shows a basic
block diagram of the Event System with the Event Routing Network and the peripherals to which
it is connected. This highly flexible system can be used for simple routing of signals, pin func-
tions or for sequencing of events.
The maximum latency is two CPU clock cycles from when an event is generated in one periph-
eral, until the actions are triggered in one or more other peripherals.
The Event System is functional in both Active and Idle modes.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Figure 9-1. Event System Block Diagram
ClkSYS
PORTx
CPU
ADCx
RTC
ACx
Event Routing
Network
DACx
IRCOM
DMAC
T/Cxn
The Event Routing Network can directly connect together ADCs, DACs, Analog Comparators
(ACx), I/O ports (PORTx), the Real-time Counter (RTC), Timer/Counters (T/C) and the IR Com-
munication Module (IRCOM). Events can also be generated from software (CPU).
All events from all peripherals are always routed into the Event Routing Network. This consist of
eight multiplexers where each can be configured in software to select which event to be routed
into that event channel. All eight event channels are connected to the peripherals that can use
events, and each of these peripherals can be configured to use events from one or more event
channels to automatically trigger a software selectable action.
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10. System Clock and Clock options
10.1 Features
• Fast start-up time
• Safe run-time clock switching
• Internal Oscillators:
– 32 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator
– 2 MHz run-time calibrated RC oscillator
– 32 kHz calibrated RC oscillator
– 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) oscillator
• External clock options
– 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator
– 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator
– External clock
• PLL with internal and external clock options with 2 to 31x multiplication
• Clock Prescalers with 2 to 2048x division
• Fast peripheral clock running at 2 and 4 times the CPU clock speed
• Automatic Run-Time Calibration of internal oscillators
• Crystal Oscillator failure detection
10.2 Overview
XMEGA A4 has an advanced clock system, supporting a large number of clock sources. It incor-
porates both integrated oscillators, external crystal oscillators and resonators. A high frequency
Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and clock prescalers can be controlled from software to generate a
wide range of clock frequencies from the clock source input.
It is possible to switch between clock sources from software during run-time. After reset the
device will always start up running from the 2 Mhz internal oscillator.
A calibration feature is available, and can be used for automatic run-time calibration of the inter-
nal 2 MHz and 32 MHz oscillators. This reduce frequency drift over voltage and temperature.
A Crystal Oscillator Failure Monitor can be enabled to issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt and
switch to internal oscillator if the external oscillator fails. Figure 10-1 on page 17 shows the prin-
cipal clock system in XMEGA A4.
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XMEGA A4
Figure 10-1. Clock system overview
clkULP
clkRTC
WDT/BOD
RTC
32 kHz ULP
Internal Oscillator
32.768 kHz
Calibrated Internal
Oscillator
PERIPHERALS
ADC
2 MHz
Run-Time Calibrated
Internal Oscillator
DAC
PORTS
...
CLOCK CONTROL
UNIT
32 MHz
Run-time Calibrated
Internal Oscillator
clkPER
with PLL and
Prescaler
DMA
INTERRUPT
EVSYS
32.768 KHz
Crystal Oscillator
RAM
0.4 - 16 MHz
Crystal Oscillator
CPU
NVM MEMORY
FLASH
clkCPU
External
Clock Input
EEPROM
Each clock source is briefly described in the following sub-sections.
10.3 Clock Options
10.3.1
32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator
The 32 kHz Ultra Low Power (ULP) Internal Oscillator is a very low power consumption clock
source. It is used for the Watchdog Timer, Brown-Out Detection and as an asynchronous clock
source for the Real Time Counter. This oscillator cannot be used as the system clock source,
and it cannot be directly controlled from software.
10.3.2
32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high accuracy clock source that can be used
as the system clock source or as an asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter. It is
calibrated during protection to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal
frequency.
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10.3.3
10.3.4
10.3.5
32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator
The 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator is a low power driver for an external watch crystal. It can be
used as system clock source or as asynchronous clock source for the Real Time Counter.
0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator
The 0.4 - 16 MHz Crystal Oscillator is a driver intended for driving both external resonators and
crystals ranging from 400 kHz to 16 MHz.
2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 2 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated
during protection to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The
oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a
source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift
hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.
10.3.6
32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator
The 32 MHz Run-time Calibrated Internal Oscillator is a high frequency oscillator. It is calibrated
during protection to provide a default frequency which is close to its nominal frequency. The
oscillator can use the 32 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator or the 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator as a
source for calibrating the frequency run-time to compensate for temperature and voltage drift
hereby optimizing the accuracy of the oscillator.
10.3.7
10.3.8
External Clock input
The external clock input gives the possibility to connect a clock from an external source.
PLL with Multiplication factor 2 - 31x
The PLL provides the possibility of multiplying a frequency by any number from 2 to 31. In com-
bination with the prescalers, this gives a wide range of output frequencies from all clock sources.
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11. Power Management and Sleep Modes
11.1 Features
• 5 sleep modes
– Idle
– Power-down
– Power-save
– Standby
– Extended standby
• Power Reduction registers to disable clocks to unused peripherals
11.2 Overview
The XMEGA A4 provides various sleep modes tailored to reduce power consumption to a mini-
mum. All sleep modes are available and can be entered from Active mode. In Active mode the
CPU is executing application code. The application code decides when and what sleep mode to
enter. Interrupts from enabled peripherals and all enabled reset sources can restore the micro-
controller from sleep to Active mode.
In addition, Power Reduction registers provide a method to stop the clock to individual peripher-
als from software. When this is done, the current state of the peripheral is frozen and there is no
power consumption from that peripheral. This reduces the power consumption in Active mode
and Idle sleep mode.
11.3 Sleep Modes
11.3.1
Idle Mode
In Idle mode the CPU and Non-Volatile Memory are stopped, but all peripherals including the
Interrupt Controller, Event System and DMA Controller are kept running. Interrupt requests from
all enabled interrupts will wake the device.
11.3.2
Power-down Mode
In Power-down mode all system clock sources, and the asynchronous Real Time Counter (RTC)
clock source, are stopped. This allows operation of asynchronous modules only. The only inter-
rupts that can wake up the MCU are the Two Wire Interface address match interrupts, and
asynchronous port interrupts, e.g pin change.
11.3.3
11.3.4
Power-save Mode
Power-save mode is identical to Power-down, with one exception: If the RTC is enabled, it will
keep running during sleep and the device can also wake up from RTC interrupts.
Standby Mode
Standby mode is identical to Power-down with the exception that all enabled system clock
sources are kept running, while the CPU, Peripheral and RTC clocks are stopped. This reduces
the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.
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11.3.5
Extended Standby Mode
Extended Standby mode is identical to Power-save mode with the exception that all enabled
system clock sources are kept running while the CPU and Peripheral clocks are stopped. This
reduces the wake-up time when external crystals or resonators are used.
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12. System Control and Reset
12.1 Features
• Multiple reset sources for safe operation and device reset
– Power-On Reset
– External Reset
– Watchdog Reset
The Watchdog Timer runs from separate, dedicated oscillator
– Brown-Out Reset
Accurate, programmable Brown-Out levels
– PDI reset
– Software reset
• Asynchronous reset
– No running clock in the device is required for reset
• Reset status register
12.2 Resetting the AVR
During reset, all I/O registers are set to their initial values. The SRAM content is not reset. Appli-
cation execution starts from the Reset Vector. The instruction placed at the Reset Vector should
be an Absolute Jump (JMP) instruction to the reset handling routine. By default the Reset Vector
address is the lowest Flash program memory address, ‘0’, but it is possible to move the Reset
Vector to the first address in the Boot Section.
The I/O ports of the AVR are immediately tri-stated when a reset source goes active.
The reset functionality is asynchronous, so no running clock is required to reset the device.
After the device is reset, the reset source can be determined by the application by reading the
Reset Status Register.
12.3 Reset Sources
12.3.1
12.3.2
12.3.3
Power-On Reset
The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Power-on Reset threshold voltage.
External Reset
The MCU is reset when a low level is present on the RESET pin.
Watchdog Reset
The MCU is reset when the Watchdog Timer period expires and the Watchdog Reset is enabled.
The Watchdog Timer runs from a dedicated oscillator independent of the System Clock. For
more details see ”WDT - Watchdog Timer” on page 22.
12.3.4
Brown-Out Reset
The MCU is reset when the supply voltage VCC is below the Brown-Out Reset threshold voltage
and the Brown-out Detector is enabled. The Brown-out threshold voltage is programmable.
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12.3.5
12.3.6
PDI reset
The MCU can be reset through the Program and Debug Interface (PDI).
Software reset
The MCU can be reset by the CPU writing to a special I/O register through a timed sequence.
12.4 WDT - Watchdog Timer
12.4.1
Features
• 11 selectable timeout periods, from 8 ms to 8s.
• Two operation modes
– Standard mode
– Window mode
• Runs from the 1 kHz output of the 32 kHz Ultra Low Power oscillator
• Configuration lock to prevent unwanted changes
12.4.2
Overview
The XMEGA A4 has a Watchdog Timer (WDT). The WDT will run continuously when turned on
and if the Watchdog Timer is not reset within a software configurable time-out period, the micro-
controller will be reset. The Watchdog Reset (WDR) instruction must be run by software to reset
the WDT, and prevent microcontroller reset.
The WDT has a Window mode. In this mode the WDR instruction must be run within a specified
period called a window. Application software can set the minimum and maximum limits for this
window. If the WDR instruction is not executed inside the window limits, the microcontroller will
be reset.
A protection mechanism using a timed write sequence is implemented in order to prevent
unwanted enabling, disabling or change of WDT settings.
For maximum safety, the WDT also has an Always-on mode. This mode is enabled by program-
ming a fuse. In Always-on mode, application software can not disable the WDT.
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13. PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
13.1 Features
• Separate interrupt vector for each interrupt
• Short, predictable interrupt response time
• Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller
– 3 programmable interrupt levels
– Selectable priority scheme within low level interrupts (round-robin or fixed)
– Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMI)
• Interrupt vectors can be moved to the start of the Boot Section
13.2 Overview
XMEGA A4 has a Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller (PMIC). All peripherals can
define three different priority levels for interrupts; high, medium or low. Medium level interrupts
may interrupt low level interrupt service routines. High level interrupts may interrupt both low-
and medium level interrupt service routines. Low level interrupts have an optional round robin
scheme to make sure all interrupts are serviced within a certain amount of time.
The built in oscillator failure detection mechanism can issue a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI).
13.3 Interrupt vectors
When an interrupt is serviced, the program counter will jump to the interrupt vector address. The
interrupt vector is the sum of the peripheral’s base interrupt address and the offset address for
specific interrupts in each peripheral. The base addresses for the XMEGA A4 devices are shown
in Table 13-1. Offset addresses for each interrupt available in the peripheral are described for
each peripheral in the XMEGA A manual. For peripherals or modules that have only one inter-
rupt, the interrupt vector is shown in Table 13-1. The program address is the word address.
Table 13-1. Reset and Interrupt Vectors
Program Address
(Base Address)
Source
Interrupt Description
0x000
0x002
0x004
0x008
0x00C
0x014
0x018
0x01C
0x028
0x030
0x032
0x038
0x03E
RESET
OSCF_INT_vect
PORTC_INT_base
PORTR_INT_base
DMA_INT_base
RTC_INT_base
TWIC_INT_base
TCC0_INT_base
TCC1_INT_base
SPIC_INT_vect
USARTC0_INT_base
USARTC1_INT_base
AES_INT_vect
Crystal Oscillator Failure Interrupt vector (NMI)
Port C Interrupt base
Port R Interrupt base
DMA Controller Interrupt base
Real Time Counter Interrupt base
Two-Wire Interface on Port C Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 0 on port C Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 1 on port C Interrupt base
SPI on port C Interrupt vector
USART 0 on port C Interrupt base
USART 1 on port C Interrupt base
AES Interrupt vector
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XMEGA A4
Table 13-1. Reset and Interrupt Vectors (Continued)
Program Address
(Base Address)
Source
Interrupt Description
0x040
NVM_INT_base
PORTB_INT_base
PORTE_INT_base
TWIE_INT_base
TCE0_INT_base
TCE1_INT_base
USARTE0_INT_base
PORTD_INT_base
PORTA_INT_base
ACA_INT_base
Non-Volatile Memory Interrupt base
Port B Interrupt base
0x044
0x056
Port E Interrupt base
0x05A
0x05E
0x06A
0x074
Two-Wire Interface on Port E Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 0 on port E Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 1 on port E Interrupt base
USART 0 on port E Interrupt base
Port D Interrupt base
0x080
0x084
Port A Interrupt base
0x088
Analog Comparator on Port A Interrupt base
0x08E
0x09A
0x0A6
0x0AE
0x0B0
0x0B6
ADCA_INT_base
TCD0_INT_base
TCD1_INT_base
SPID_INT_vector
USARTD0_INT_base
USARTD1_INT_base
Analog to Digital Converter on Port A Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 0 on port D Interrupt base
Timer/Counter 1 on port D Interrupt base
SPI on port D Interrupt vector
USART 0 on port D Interrupt base
USART 1 on port D Interrupt base
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14. I/O Ports
14.1 Features
• Selectable input and output configuration for each pin individually
• Flexible pin configuration through dedicated Pin Configuration Register
• Synchronous and/or asynchronous input sensing with port interrupts and events
– Sense both edges
– Sense rising edges
– Sense falling edges
– Sense low level
• Asynchronous wake-up from all input sensing configurations
• Two port interrupts with flexible pin masking
• Highly configurable output driver and pull settings:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Totem-pole
Pull-up/-down
Wired-AND
Wired-OR
Bus-keeper
Inverted I/O
• Optional Slew rate control
• Configuration of multiple pins in a single operation
• Read-Modify-Write (RMW) support
• Toggle/clear/set registers for Output and Direction registers
• Clock output on port pin
• Event Channel 7 output on port pin
• Mapping of port registers (virtual ports) into bit accessible I/O memory space
14.2 Overview
The XMEGA A4 devices have flexible General Purpose I/O Ports. A port consists of up to 8 pins,
ranging from pin 0 to pin 7. The ports implement several functions, including synchronous/asyn-
chronous input sensing, pin change interrupts and configurable output settings. All functions are
individual per pin, but several pins may be configured in a single operation.
14.3 I/O configuration
All port pins (Pn) have programmable output configuration. In addition, all port pins have an
inverted I/O function. For an input, this means inverting the signal between the port pin and the
pin register. For an output, this means inverting the output signal between the port register and
the port pin. The inverted I/O function can be used also when the pin is used for alternate func-
tions. The port pins also have configurable slew rate limitation to reduce electromagnetic
emission.
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XMEGA A4
14.3.1
Push-pull
Figure 14-1. I/O configuration - Totem-pole
DIRn
OUTn
INn
Pn
14.3.2
Pull-down
Figure 14-2. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-down (on input)
DIRn
OUTn
INn
Pn
14.3.3
Pull-up
Figure 14-3. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with pull-up (on input)
DIRn
OUTn
INn
Pn
14.3.4
Bus-keeper
The bus-keeper’s weak output produces the same logical level as the last output level. It acts as
a pull-up if the last level was ‘1’, and pull-down if the last level was ‘0’.
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XMEGA A4
Figure 14-4. I/O configuration - Totem-pole with bus-keeper
DIRn
OUTn
INn
Pn
14.3.5
Others
Figure 14-5. Output configuration - Wired-OR with optional pull-down
OUTn
Pn
INn
Figure 14-6. I/O configuration - Wired-AND with optional pull-up
INn
Pn
OUTn
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14.4 Input sensing
• Sense both edges
• Sense rising edges
• Sense falling edges
• Sense low level
Input sensing is synchronous or asynchronous depending on the enabled clock for the ports,
and the configuration is shown in Figure 14-7 on page 28.
Figure 14-7. Input sensing system overview
Asynchronous sensing
EDGE
DETECT
Interrupt
Control
IREQ
Synchronous sensing
Pn
Synchronizer
INn
EDGE
DETECT
Q
Q
D
D
Event
INVERTED I/O
R
R
When a pin is configured with inverted I/O the pin value is inverted before the input sensing.
14.5 Port Interrupt
Each ports have two interrupts with separate priority and interrupt vector. All pins on the port can
be individually selected as source for each of the interrupts. The interrupts are then triggered
according to the input sense configuration for each pin configured as source for the interrupt.
14.6 Alternate Port Functions
In addition to the input/output functions on all port pins, most pins have alternate functions. This
means that other modules or peripherals connected to the port can use the port pins for their
functions, such as communication or pulse-width modulation. ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on
page 47 shows which modules on peripherals that enable alternate functions on a pin, and
which alternate function is available on a pin.
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15. T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter
15.1 Features
• Five 16-bit Timer/Counters
– Three Timer/Counters of type 0
– Two Timer/Counters of type 1
• Three Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 0
• Two Compare or Capture (CC) Channels in Timer/Counter 1
• Double Buffered Timer Period Setting
• Double Buffered Compare or Capture Channels
• Waveform Generation:
– Single Slope Pulse Width Modulation
– Dual Slope Pulse Width Modulation
– Frequency Generation
• Input Capture:
– Input Capture with Noise Cancelling
– Frequency capture
– Pulse width capture
– 32-bit input capture
• Event Counter with Direction Control
• Timer Overflow and Timer Error Interrupts and Events
• One Compare Match or Capture Interrupt and Event per CC Channel
• Supports DMA Operation
• Hi-Resolution Extension (Hi-Res)
• Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX)
15.2 Overview
XMEGA A4 has five Timer/Counters, three Timer/Counter 0 and two Timer/Counter 1. The dif-
ference between them is that Timer/Counter 0 has four Compare/Capture channels, while
Timer/Counter 1 has two Compare/Capture channels.
The Timer/Counters (T/C) are 16-bit and can count any clock, event or external input in the
microcontroller. A programmable prescaler is available to get a useful T/C resolution. Updates of
Timer and Compare registers are double buffered to ensure glitch free operation. Single slope
PWM, dual slope PWM and frequency generation waveforms can be generated using the Com-
pare Channels.
Through the Event System, any input pin or event in the microcontroller can be used to trigger
input capture, hence no dedicated pins is required for this. The input capture has a noise cancel-
ler to avoid incorrect capture of the T/C, and can be used to do frequency and pulse width
measurements.
A wide range of interrupt or event sources are available, including T/C Overflow, Compare
match and Capture for each Compare/Capture channel in the T/C.
PORTC and PORTD each has one Timer/Counter 0 and one Timer/Counter1. PORTE has one
Timer/Conter0. Notation of these are TCC0 (Time/Counter C0), TCC1, TCD0, TCD1 and TCE0,
respectively.
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Figure 15-1. Overview of a Timer/Counter and closely related peripherals
Timer/Counter
Base Counter
Prescaler
clkPER
Timer Period
Counter
Control Logic
Event
System
clkPER4
Compare/Capture Channel D
Compare/Capture Channel C
Compare/Capture Channel B
Compare/Capture Channel A
AWeX
Pattern
Generation
Fault
DTI
Dead-Time
Insertion
Capture
Comparator
Control
Protection
Waveform
Buffer
Generation
The Hi-Resolution Extension can be enabled to increase the waveform generation resolution by
2 bits (4x). This is available for all Timer/Counters. See ”Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension” on
page 32 for more details.
The Advanced Waveform Extension can be enabled to provide extra and more advanced fea-
ture for the Timer/Counter. This is only available for Timer/Counter 0. See ”AWEX - Advanced
Waveform Extension” on page 31 for more details.
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16. AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension
16.1 Features
• Output with complementary output from each Capture channel
• Four Dead Time Insertion (DTI) Units, one for each Capture channel
• 8-bit DTI Resolution
• Separate High and Low Side Dead-Time Setting
• Double Buffered Dead-Time
• Event Controlled Fault Protection
• Single Channel Multiple Output Operation (for BLDC motor control)
• Double Buffered Pattern Generation
16.2 Overview
The Advanced Waveform Extension (AWEX) provides extra features to the Timer/Counter in
Waveform Generation (WG) modes. The AWEX enables easy and safe implementation of for
example, advanced motor control (AC, BLDC, SR, and Stepper) and power control applications.
Any WG output from a Timer/Counter 0 is split into a complimentary pair of outputs when any
AWEX feature is enabled. These output pairs go through a Dead-Time Insertion (DTI) unit that
enables generation of the non-inverted Low Side (LS) and inverted High Side (HS) of the WG
output with dead time insertion between LS and HS switching. The DTI output will override the
normal port value according to the port override setting. Optionally the final output can be
inverted by using the invert I/O setting for the port pin.
The Pattern Generation unit can be used to generate a synchronized bit pattern on the port it is
connected to. In addition, the waveform generator output from Compare Channel A can be dis-
tributed to, and override all port pins. When the Pattern Generator unit is enabled, the DTI unit is
bypassed.
The Fault Protection unit is connected to the Event System. This enables any event to trigger a
fault condition that will disable the AWEX output. Several event channels can be used to trigger
fault on several different conditions.
The AWEX is available for TCC0. The notation of this is AWEXC.
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17. Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension
17.1 Features
• Increases Waveform Generator resolution by 2-bits (4x)
• Supports Frequency, single- and dual-slope PWM operation
• Supports the AWEX when this is enabled and used for the same Timer/Counter
17.2 Overview
The Hi-Resolution (Hi-Res) Extension is able to increase the resolution of the waveform genera-
tion output by a factor of 4. When enabled for a Timer/Counter, the Fast Peripheral clock running
at four times the CPU clock speed will be as input to the Timer/Counter.
The High Resolution Extension can also be used when an AWEX is enabled and used with a
Timer/Counter.
XMEGA A4 devices have three Hi-Res Extensions that each can be enabled for each
Timer/Counters pair on PORTC, PORTD and PORTE. The notation of these are HIRESC,
HIRESD and HIRESE, respectively.
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18. RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter
18.1 Features
• 16-bit Timer
• Flexible Tick resolution ranging from 1 Hz to 32.768 kHz
• One Compare register
• One Period register
• Clear timer on Overflow or Compare Match
• Overflow or Compare Match event and interrupt generation
18.2 Overview
The XMEGA A4 includes a 16-bit Real-time Counter (RTC). The RTC can be clocked from an
accurate 32.768 kHz Crystal Oscillator, the 32.768 kHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator, or from the
32 kHz Ultra Low Power Internal Oscillator. The RTC includes both a Period and a Compare
register. For details, see Figure 18-1.
A wide range of Resolution and Time-out periods can be configured using the RTC. With a max-
imum resolution of 30.5 µs, time-out periods range up to 2000 seconds. With a resolution of 1
second, the maximum time-out period is over 18 hours (65536 seconds).
Figure 18-1. Real Time Counter overview
Period
Overflow
32 kHz
=
=
10-bit
prescaler
Counter
1 kHz
Compare Match
Compare
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19. TWI - Two-Wire Interface
19.1 Features
• Two Identical TWI peripherals
• Simple yet Powerful and Flexible Communication Interface
• Both Master and Slave Operation Supported
• Device can Operate as Transmitter or Receiver
• 7-bit Address Space Allows up to 128 Different Slave Addresses
• Multi-master Arbitration Support
• Up to 400 kHz Data Transfer Speed
• Slew-rate Limited Output Drivers
• Noise Suppression Circuitry Rejects Spikes on Bus Lines
• Fully Programmable Slave Address with General Call Support
• Address Recognition Causes Wake-up when in Sleep Mode
• I2C and System Management Bus (SMBus) compatible
19.2 Overview
The Two-Wire Interface (TWI) is a bi-directional wired-AND bus with only two lines, the clock
(SCL) line and the data (SDA) line. The protocol makes it possible to interconnect up to 128 indi-
vidually addressable devices. Since it is a multi-master bus, one or more devices capable of
taking control of the bus can be connected.
The only external hardware needed to implement the bus is a single pull-up resistor for each of
the TWI bus lines. Mechanisms for resolving bus contention are inherent in the TWI protocol.
PORTC and PORTE each has one TWI. Notation of these peripherals are TWIC and TWIE,
respectively.
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20. SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface
20.1 Features
• Two Identical SPI peripherals
• Full-duplex, Three-wire Synchronous Data Transfer
• Master or Slave Operation
• LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer
• Seven Programmable Bit Rates
• End of Transmission Interrupt Flag
• Write Collision Flag Protection
• Wake-up from Idle Mode
• Double Speed (CK/2) Master SPI Mode
20.2 Overview
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows high-speed full-duplex, synchronous data transfer
between different devices. Devices can communicate using a master-slave scheme, and data is
transferred both to and from the devices simultaneously.
PORTC and PORTD each has one SPI. Notation of these peripherals are SPIC and SPID,
respectively.
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21. USART
21.1 Features
• Five Identical USART peripherals
• Full Duplex Operation (Independent Serial Receive and Transmit Registers)
• Asynchronous or Synchronous Operation
• Master or Slave Clocked Synchronous Operation
• High-resolution Arithmetic Baud Rate Generator
• Supports Serial Frames with 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 Data Bits and 1 or 2 Stop Bits
• Odd or Even Parity Generation and Parity Check Supported by Hardware
• Data OverRun Detection
• Framing Error Detection
• Noise Filtering Includes False Start Bit Detection and Digital Low Pass Filter
• Three Separate Interrupts on TX Complete, TX Data Register Empty and RX Complete
• Multi-processor Communication Mode
• Double Speed Asynchronous Communication Mode
• Master SPI mode for SPI communication
• IrDA support through the IRCOM module
21.2 Overview
The Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter (USART) is a
highly flexible serial communication module. The USART supports full duplex communication,
and both asynchronous and clocked synchronous operation. The USART can also be set in
Master SPI mode to be used for SPI communication.
Communication is frame based, and the frame format can be customized to support a wide
range of standards. The USART is buffered in both direction, enabling continued data transmis-
sion without any delay between frames. There are separate interrupt vectors for receive and
transmit complete, enabling fully interrupt driven communication. Frame error and buffer over-
flow are detected in hardware and indicated with separate status flags. Even or odd parity
generation and parity check can also be enabled.
One USART can use the IRCOM module to support IrDA 1.4 physical compliant pulse modula-
tion and demodulation for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps.
PORTC and PORTD each has two USARTs. PORTE has one USART. Notation of these periph-
erals are USARTC0, USARTC1, USARTD0, USARTD1 and USARTE0, respectively.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
22. IRCOM - IR Communication Module
22.1 Features
• Pulse modulation/demodulation for infrared communication
• Compatible to IrDA 1.4 physical for baud rates up to 115.2 kbps
• Selectable pulse modulation scheme
– 3/16 of baud rate period
– Fixed pulse period, 8-bit programmable
– Pulse modulation disabled
• Built in filtering
• Can be connected to and used by one USART at the time
22.2 Overview
XMEGA contains an Infrared Communication Module (IRCOM) for IrDA communication with
baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. This supports three modulation schemes: 3/16 of baud rate period,
fixed programmable pulse time based on the Peripheral Clock speed, or pulse modulation dis-
abled. There is one IRCOM available which can be connected to any USART to enable infrared
pulse coding/decoding for that USART.
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XMEGA A4
23. Crypto Engine
23.1 Features
• Data Encryption Standard (DES) CPU instruction
• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Crypto module
• DES Instruction
– Encryption and Decryption
– Single-cycle DES instruction
– Encryption/Decryption in 16 clock cycles per 8-byte block
• AES Crypto Module
– Encryption and Decryption
– Support 128-bit keys
– Support XOR data load mode to the State memory for Cipher Block Chaining
– Encryption/Decryption in 375 clock cycles per 16-byte block
23.2 Overview
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) are two com-
monly used encryption standards. These are supported through an AES peripheral module and
a DES CPU instruction. All communication interfaces and the CPU can optionally use AES and
DES encrypted communication and data storage.
DES is supported by a DES instruction in the AVR XMEGA CPU. The 8-byte key and 8-byte
data blocks must be loaded into the Register file, and then DES must be executed 16 times to
encrypt/decrypt the data block.
The AES Crypto Module encrypts and decrypts 128-bit data blocks with the use of a 128-bit key.
The key and data must be loaded into the key and state memory in the module before encryp-
tion/decryption is started. It takes 375 peripheral clock cycles before the encryption/decryption is
done and decrypted/encrypted data can be read out, and an optional interrupt can be generated.
The AES Crypto Module also has DMA support with transfer triggers when encryption/decryp-
tion is done and optional auto-start of encryption/decryption when the state memory is fully
loaded.
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XMEGA A4
24. ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter
24.1 Features
• One ADC with 12-bit resolution
• 2 Msps sample rate for each ADC
• Signed and Unsigned conversions
• 4 result registers with individual input channel control for each ADC
• 8 single ended inputs for each ADC
• 8x4 differential inputs for each ADC
• Software selectable gain of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64
• Selectable accuracy of 8- or 12-bit.
• Internal or External Reference selection
• Event triggered conversion for accurate timing
• DMA transfer of conversion results
• Interrupt/Event on compare result
24.2 Overview
XMEGA A4 devices have one Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), see Figure 24-1 on page 40.
This ADC module can be operated individually.
The ADC converts analog voltages to digital values. The ADC has 12-bit resolution and is capa-
ble of converting up to 2 million samples per second. The input selection is flexible, and both
single-ended and differential measurements can be performed. The ADC can provide both
signed and unsigned results, and an optional gain stage is available to increase the dynamic
range of the ADC.
It is a Successive Approximation Result (SAR) ADC. A SAR ADC measures one bit of the con-
version result at a time. The ADC has a pipeline architecture. This means that a new analog
voltage can be sampled and a new ADC measurement started on each ADC clock cycle. Each
sample will be converted in the pipeline, where the total sample and conversion time is seven
ADC clock cycles for 12-bit result and 5 ADC clock cycles for 8-bit result.
ADC measurements can be started by application software or an incoming event from another
peripheral in the device. Four different result registers with individual channel selection (MUX
registers) are provided to make it easier for the application to keep track of the data. It is also
possible to use DMA to move ADC results directly to memory or peripherals.
Both internal and external analog reference voltages can be used. A very accurate internal 1.0V
reference is available.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Figure 24-1. ADC overview
Channel A MUX selection
Channel B MUX selection
Channel C MUX selection
Channel D MUX selection
Configuration
Reference selection
Channel A
Register
Channel B
Register
ADC
Channel C
Register
Channel D
Register
Event
Trigger
1-64 X
Each ADC has four MUX selection registers with a corresponding result register. This means
that four channels can be sampled within 1.5 µs without any intervention by the application other
than starting the conversion. The results will be available in the result registers.
The ADC may be configured for 8- or 12-bit resolution, reducing the minimum conversion time
(propagation delay) from 3.5 µs for 12-bit to 2.5 µs for 8-bit resolution.
ADC conversion results are provided left- or right adjusted with optional ‘1’ or ‘0’ padding. This
eases calculation when the result is represented as a signed integer (signed 16-bit number).
PORTA has one ADC. Notation of this peripheral is ADCA.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
25. DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter
25.1 Features
• One DAC with 12-bit resolution
• Up to 1 Msps conversion rate
• Flexible conversion range
• Multiple trigger sources
• 1 continuous output or 2 Sample and Hold (S/H) outputs
• Built-in offset and gain calibration
• High drive capabilities
• Low Power Mode
25.2 Overview
The XMEGA A4 devices feature one 12-bit, 1 Msps DAC with built-in offset and gain calibration,
see Figure 25-1 on page 41.
A DAC converts a digital value into an analog signal. The DAC may use an internal 1.1 voltage
as the upper limit for conversion, but it is also possible to use the supply voltage or any applied
voltage in-between. The external reference input is shared with the ADC reference input.
Figure 25-1. DAC overview
Configuration
Reference selection
Channel A
Register
Channel A
DAC
Channel B
Channel B
Register
Event
Trigger
The DAC has one continuous output with high drive capabilities for both resistive and capacitive
loads. It is also possible to split the continuous time channel into two Sample and Hold (S/H)
channels, each with separate data conversion registers.
A DAC conversion may be started from the application software by writing the data conversion
registers. The DAC can also be configured to do conversions triggered by the Event System to
have regular timing, independent of the application software. DMA may be used for transferring
data from memory locations to DAC data registers.
The DAC has a built-in calibration system to reduce offset and gain error when loading with a
calibration value from software.
PORTB has one DAC. Notation of this peripheral is DACB.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
26. AC - Analog Comparator
26.1 Features
• Two Analog Comparators
• Selectable Power vs. Speed
• Selectable hysteresis
– 0, 20 mV, 50 mV
• Analog Comparator output available on pin
• Flexible Input Selection
– All pins on the port
– Output from the DAC
– Bandgap reference voltage.
– Voltage scaler that can perform a 64-level scaling of the internal VCC voltage.
• Interrupt and event generation on
– Rising edge
– Falling edge
– Toggle
• Window function interrupt and event generation on
– Signal above window
– Signal inside window
– Signal below window
26.2 Overview
XMEGA A4 features two Analog Comparators (AC). An Analog Comparator compares two volt-
ages, and the output indicates which input is largest. The Analog Comparator may be configured
to give interrupt requests and/or events upon several different combinations of input change.
Both hysteresis and propagation delays may be adjusted in order to find the optimal operation
for each application.
A wide range of input selection is available, both external pins and several internal signals can
be used.
The Analog Comparators are always grouped in pairs (AC0 and AC1) on each analog port. They
have identical behavior but separate control registers.
Optionally, the state of the comparator is directly available on a pin.
PORTA has one AC pair. Notation is ACA.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Figure 26-1. Analog comparator overview
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
+
-
Pin 0 output
Interrupts
AC0
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
VCC scaled
Interrupt
sensitivity
control
Events
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
+
-
AC1
Pin inputs
Internal inputs
VCC scaled
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
26.3 Input Selection
The Analog comparators have a very flexible input selection and the two comparators grouped
in a pair may be used to realize a window function. One pair of analog comparators is shown in
Figure 26-1 on page 43.
• Input selection from pin
– Pin 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 selectable to positive input of analog comparator
– Pin 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 selectable to negative input of analog comparator
• Internal signals available on positive analog comparator inputs
– Output from 12-bit DAC
• Internal signals available on negative analog comparator inputs
– 64-level scaler of the VCC, available on negative analog comparator input
– Bandgap voltage reference
– Output from 12-bit DAC
26.4 Window Function
The window function is realized by connecting the external inputs of the two analog comparators
in a pair as shown in Figure 26-2.
Figure 26-2. Analog comparator window function
+
AC0
Upper limit of window
-
Interrupts
Events
Interrupt
sensitivity
control
Input signal
+
AC1
Lower limit of window
-
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
27. OCD - On-chip Debug
27.1 Features
• Complete Program Flow Control
– Go, Stop, Reset, Step into, Step over, Step out, Run-to-Cursor
• Debugging on C and high-level language source code level
• Debugging on Assembler and disassembler level
• 1 dedicated program address or source level breakpoint for AVR Studio / debugger
• 4 Hardware Breakpoints
• Unlimited Number of User Program Breakpoints
• Unlimited Number of User Data Breakpoints, with break on:
– Data location read, write or both read and write
– Data location content equal or not equal to a value
– Data location content is greater or less than a value
– Data location content is within or outside a range
– Bits of a data location are equal or not equal to a value
• Non-Intrusive Operation
– No hardware or software resources in the device are used
• High Speed Operation
– No limitation on debug/programming clock frequency versus system clock frequency
27.2 Overview
The XMEGA A4 has a powerful On-Chip Debug (OCD) system that - in combination with Atmel’s
development tools - provides all the necessary functions to debug an application. It has support
for program and data breakpoints, and can debug an application from C and high level language
source code level, as well as assembler and disassembler level. It has full Non-Intrusive Opera-
tion and no hardware or software resources in the device are used. The ODC system is
accessed through an external debugging tool which connects to the PDI physical interface.
Refer to ”Program and Debug Interfaces” on page 46.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
28. Program and Debug Interfaces
28.1 Features
• PDI - Program and Debug Interface (Atmel proprietary 2-pin interface)
• Boundary-scan capabilities according to the IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG)
• Access to the OCD system
• Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses and Lock Bits
28.2 Overview
The programming and debug facilities are accessed through PDI physical interface. The PDI
physical interface uses one dedicated pin together with the Reset pin, and no general purpose
pins are used.
28.3 PDI - Program and Debug Interface
The PDI is an Atmel proprietary protocol for communication between the microcontroller and
Atmel’s development tools.
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
29. Pinout and Pin Functions
The pinout of XMEGA A4 is shown in ”Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 2. In addition to general
I/O functionality, each pin may have several functions. This will depend on which peripheral is
enabled and connected to the actual pin. Only one of the alternate pin functions can be used at
time.
29.1 Alternate Pin Functions Description
The tables below shows the notation for all pin functions available and describe their functions.
Operation/Power Supply
29.1.1
VCC
Digital supply voltage
Analog supply voltage
Ground
AVCC
GND
29.1.2
29.1.3
Port Interrupt functions
SYNC
Port pin with full synchronous and limited asynchronous interrupt function
Port pin with full synchronous and full asynchronous interrupt function
ASYNC
Analog functions
ACn
Analog Comparator input pin n
Analog Comparator 0 Output
AC0OUT
ADCn
DACn
AREF
Analog to Digital Converter input pin n
Digital to Analog Converter output pin n
Analog Reference input pin
29.1.4
Timer/Counter and AWEX functions
OCnx
OCnx
Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n
Inverted Output Compare Channel x for Timer/Counter n
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
29.1.5
Communication functions
SCL
Serial Clock for TWI
SDA
Serial Data for TWI
XCKn
RXDn
TXDn
SS
Transfer Clock for USART n
Receiver Data for USART n
Transmitter Data for USART n
Slave Select for SPI
MOSI
MISO
SCK
Master Out Slave In for SPI
Master In Slave Out for SPI
Serial Clock for SPI
29.1.6
29.1.7
Oscillators, Clock and Event
TOSCn
XTALn
Timer Oscillator pin n
Input/Output for inverting Oscillator pin n
Debug/System functions
TEST
Test pin
PROG
Programming pin
RESET
PDI_CLK
PDI_DATA
Reset pin
Program and Debug Interface Clock pin
Program and Debug Interface Data pin
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
29.2 Alternate Pin Functions
The tables below shows the main and alternate pin functions for all pins on each port. It also
shows which peripheral which make use of or enable the alternate pin function.
Table 29-1. Port A - Alternate functions
ADCA
GAINPOS
ADCA
GAINNEG
PORTA
GND
AVCC
PA0
PIN #
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
1
INTERRUPT
ADCA POS
ADCA NEG
ACA POS
ACA NEG
ACA OUT
REF
SYNC
SYNC
ADC0
ADC1
ADC2
ADC3
ADC4
ADC5
ADC6
ADC7
ADC0
ADC1
ADC2
ADC3
ADC0
ADC1
ADC2
ADC3
ADC4
ADC5
ADC6
ADC7
AC0
AC1
AC2
AC3
AC4
AC5
AC6
AC0
AC1
AREF
PA1
PA2
SYNC/ASYNC
SYNC
PA3
AC3
AC5
AC7
PA4
SYNC
ADC4
ADC5
ADC6
ADC7
PA5
SYNC
PA6
2
SYNC
PA7
3
SYNC
AC0 OUT
Table 29-2. Port B - Alternate functions
ADCB
GAINPOS
ADCB
GAINNEG
PORTB
PB0
PIN #
INTERRUPT
SYNC
ADCA POS
ADC8
ADCBNEG
ACBPOS
ACCNEG
ACBOUT
DAC
REF
4
5
6
7
AREF
PB1
SYNC
ADC9
PB2
SYNC/ASYNC
SYNC
ADC10
ADC11
DAC0
DAC1
PB3
Table 29-3. Port C - Alternate functions
PORTC
GND
VCC
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
PIN #
INTERRUPT
TCC0
AWEXC
TCC1
USARTC0
USARTC1
SPI
TWIC
CLOCKOUT
EVENTOUT
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
SYNC
SYNC
OC0A
OC0B
OC0C
OC0D
OC0A
OC0A
OC0B
OC0B
OC0C
OC0C
OC0D
OC0D
SDA
SCL
XCK0
RXD0
TXD0
SYNC/ASYNC
SYNC
SYNC
OC1A
OC1B
SS
SYNC
XCK0
RXD0
TXD0
XCK1
RXD1
TXD1
MOSI
MISO
SCK
SYNC
SYNC
CLKOUT
EVOUT
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Table 29-4. Port D - Alternate functions
PORTD
GND
VCC
PD0
PD1
PD2
PD3
PD4
PD5
PD6
PD7
PIN #
INTERRUPT
TCD0
USARTD0
USARTD1
SPID
CLOCKOUT
EVENTOUT
18
19
20
SYNC
SYNC
OC0A
OC0B
OC0C
OC0D
21
XCK0
RXD0
TXD0
22
SYNC/ASYNC
SYNC
23
24
SYNC
SS
25
SYNC
XCK1
RXD1
TXD1
MOSI
MISO
SCK
26
SYNC
27
SYNC
CLKOUT
EVOUT
Table 29-5. Port E - Alternate functions
PORT E
PIN #
INTERRUPT
TCE0
OC0A
OC0B
USARTE0
TWIE
SDA
SCL
PE0
28
SYNC
PE1
29
SYNC
XCK0
GND
VCC
PE2
30
31
32
SYNC/ASYNC
SYNC
OC0C
OC0D
RXD0
TXD0
PE3
33
Table 29-6.
SYS
PIN #
34
PROGR
PDI_D
PDI
RESET
35
PDI_CLK
Table 29-7. Port R - Alternate functions
PORTR
PIN #
XTAL
TOSC
PR0
36
XTAL2
XTAL1
TOSC2
TOSC1
PR1
37
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
30. Peripheral Module Address Map
The address maps show the base address for each peripheral and module in XMEGA A4. For
complete register description and summary for each peripheral module, refer to the XMEGA A
Manual.
Base Address
Name
Description
0x0000
0x0010
0x0014
0x0018
0x001C
0x0030
0x0040
0x0048
0x0050
0x0060
0x0068
0x0070
0x0078
0x0080
0x0090
0x00A0
0x00B0
0x00C0
0x0100
0x0180
0x01C0
0x0200
0x0320
0x0380
0x0400
0x0480
0x04A0
0x0600
0x0620
0x0640
0x0660
0x0680
0x07E0
0x0800
0x0840
0x0880
0x0890
0x08A0
0x08B0
0x08C0
0x08F8
0x0900
0x0940
0x0990
0x09A0
0x09B0
0x09C0
0x0A00
0x0A90
0x0AA0
GPIO
General Purpose IO Registers
Virtual Port 0
Virtual Port 1
Virtual Port 2
Virtual Port 2
CPU
Clock Control
Sleep Controller
Oscillator Control
DFLL for the 32 MHz Internal RC Oscillator
DFLL for the 2 MHz RC Oscillator
Power Reduction
Reset Controller
Watch-Dog Timer
MCU Control
Programmable MUltilevel Interrupt Controller
Port Configuration
AES Module
DMA Controller
VPORT0
VPORT1
VPORT2
VPORT3
CPU
CLK
SLEEP
OSC
DFLLRC32M
DFLLRC2M
PR
RST
WDT
MCU
PMIC
PORTCFG
AES
DMA
EVSYS
NVM
ADCA
DACB
ACA
RTC
TWIC
TWIE
PORTA
PORTB
PORTC
PORTD
PORTE
PORTR
TCC0
Event System
Non Volatile Memory (NVM) Controller
Analog to Digital Converter on port A
Digital to Analog Converter on port B
Analog Comparator pair on port A
Real Time Counter
Two Wire Interface on port C
Two Wire Interface on port E
Port A
Port B
Port C
Port D
Port E
Port R
Timer/Counter 0 on port C
Timer/Counter 1 on port C
Advanced Waveform Extension on port C
High Resolution Extension on port C
USART 0 on port C
TCC1
AWEXC
HIRESC
USARTC0
USARTC1
SPIC
IRCOM
TCD0
TCD1
HIRESD
USARTD0
USARTD1
SPID
TCE0
HIRESE
USARTE0
USART 1 on port C
Serial Peripheral Interface on port C
Infrared Communication Module
Timer/Counter 0 on port D
Timer/Counter 1 on port D
High Resolution Extension on port D
USART 0 on port D
USART 1 on port D
Serial Peripheral Interface on port D
Timer/Counter 0 on port E
High Resolution Extension on port E
USART 0 on port E
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8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
31. Instruction Set Summary
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
Arithmetic and Logic Instructions
ADD
ADC
Rd, Rr
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, K
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, Rr
Rd
Add without Carry
Rd
Rd
Rd
Rd
Rd
Rd
Rd
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
Rd + Rr
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,C,N,V,S
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
Z,N,V,S
None
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1/2
Add with Carry
Rd + Rr + C
Rd + 1:Rd + K
Rd - Rr
ADIW
SUB
Add Immediate to Word
Subtract without Carry
Subtract Immediate
Subtract with Carry
Subtract Immediate with Carry
Subtract Immediate from Word
Logical AND
SUBI
SBC
Rd - K
Rd - Rr - C
Rd - K - C
Rd + 1:Rd - K
Rd • Rr
SBCI
SBIW
AND
ANDI
OR
Rd + 1:Rd
Rd
Logical AND with Immediate
Logical OR
Rd
Rd • K
Rd
Rd v Rr
ORI
Logical OR with Immediate
Exclusive OR
Rd
Rd v K
EOR
COM
NEG
SBR
Rd
Rd ⊕ Rr
One’s Complement
Two’s Complement
Set Bit(s) in Register
Clear Bit(s) in Register
Increment
Rd
$FF - Rd
Rd
Rd
$00 - Rd
Rd,K
Rd,K
Rd
Rd
Rd v K
CBR
INC
Rd
Rd • ($FFh - K)
Rd + 1
Rd
DEC
TST
Rd
Decrement
Rd
Rd - 1
Rd
Test for Zero or Minus
Clear Register
Rd
Rd • Rd
CLR
Rd
Rd
Rd ⊕ Rd
SER
Rd
Set Register
Rd
$FF
MUL
MULS
MULSU
FMUL
FMULS
FMULSU
DES
Rd,Rr
Rd,Rr
Rd,Rr
Rd,Rr
Rd,Rr
Rd,Rr
K
Multiply Unsigned
R1:R0
R1:R0
R1:R0
R1:R0
R1:R0
R1:R0
Rd x Rr (UU)
Rd x Rr (SS)
Rd x Rr (SU)
Rd x Rr<<1 (UU)
Rd x Rr<<1 (SS)
Rd x Rr<<1 (SU)
Z,C
Multiply Signed
Z,C
Multiply Signed with Unsigned
Fractional Multiply Unsigned
Fractional Multiply Signed
Fractional Multiply Signed with Unsigned
Data Encryption
Z,C
Z,C
Z,C
Z,C
if (H = 0) then R15:R0
else if (H = 1) then R15:R0
←
←
Encrypt(R15:R0, K)
Decrypt(R15:R0, K)
Branch Instructions
RJMP
IJMP
k
Relative Jump
PC
←
PC + k + 1
None
None
2
2
Indirect Jump to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
0
EIJMP
Extended Indirect Jump to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
EIND
None
2
JMP
k
k
Jump
PC
PC
←
←
k
None
None
None
3
RCALL
ICALL
Relative Call Subroutine
Indirect Call to (Z)
PC + k + 1
2 / 3(1)
2 / 3(1)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
0
EICALL
Extended Indirect Call to (Z)
PC(15:0)
PC(21:16)
←
←
Z,
EIND
None
3(1)
52
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Mnemonics
CALL
RET
Operands
Description
Operation
Flags
None
None
I
#Clocks
3 / 4(1)
4 / 5(1)
4 / 5(1)
1 / 2 / 3
1
k
call Subroutine
PC
PC
←
←
←
←
k
Subroutine Return
STACK
STACK
PC + 2 or 3
RETI
Interrupt Return
PC
CPSE
CP
Rd,Rr
Compare, Skip if Equal
Compare
if (Rd = Rr) PC
None
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
Z,C,N,V,S,H
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Rd,Rr
Rd - Rr
CPC
Rd,Rr
Compare with Carry
Rd - Rr - C
1
CPI
Rd,K
Compare with Immediate
Skip if Bit in Register Cleared
Skip if Bit in Register Set
Skip if Bit in I/O Register Cleared
Skip if Bit in I/O Register Set
Branch if Status Flag Set
Branch if Status Flag Cleared
Branch if Equal
Rd - K
1
SBRC
SBRS
SBIC
Rr, b
if (Rr(b) = 0) PC
if (Rr(b) = 1) PC
if (I/O(A,b) = 0) PC
If (I/O(A,b) =1) PC
if (SREG(s) = 1) then PC
if (SREG(s) = 0) then PC
if (Z = 1) then PC
if (Z = 0) then PC
if (C = 1) then PC
if (C = 0) then PC
if (C = 0) then PC
if (C = 1) then PC
if (N = 1) then PC
if (N = 0) then PC
if (N ⊕ V= 0) then PC
if (N ⊕ V= 1) then PC
if (H = 1) then PC
if (H = 0) then PC
if (T = 1) then PC
if (T = 0) then PC
if (V = 1) then PC
if (V = 0) then PC
if (I = 1) then PC
if (I = 0) then PC
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
PC + 2 or 3
PC + 2 or 3
PC + 2 or 3
PC + 2 or 3
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
PC + k + 1
1 / 2 / 3
1 / 2 / 3
2 / 3 / 4
2 / 3 / 4
1 / 2
Rr, b
A, b
A, b
s, k
s, k
k
SBIS
BRBS
BRBC
BREQ
BRNE
BRCS
BRCC
BRSH
BRLO
BRMI
BRPL
BRGE
BRLT
BRHS
BRHC
BRTS
BRTC
BRVS
BRVC
BRIE
1 / 2
1 / 2
k
Branch if Not Equal
1 / 2
k
Branch if Carry Set
1 / 2
k
Branch if Carry Cleared
Branch if Same or Higher
Branch if Lower
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
Branch if Minus
1 / 2
k
Branch if Plus
1 / 2
k
Branch if Greater or Equal, Signed
Branch if Less Than, Signed
Branch if Half Carry Flag Set
Branch if Half Carry Flag Cleared
Branch if T Flag Set
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
Branch if T Flag Cleared
Branch if Overflow Flag is Set
Branch if Overflow Flag is Cleared
Branch if Interrupt Enabled
Branch if Interrupt Disabled
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
k
1 / 2
BRID
k
1 / 2
Data Transfer Instructions
MOV
MOVW
LDI
Rd, Rr
Rd, Rr
Rd, K
Rd, k
Copy Register
Rd
Rd+1:Rd
Rd
←
←
←
←
←
Rr
None
None
None
None
None
None
1
Copy Register Pair
Load Immediate
Rr+1:Rr
1
K
1
LDS
LD
Load Direct from data space
Load Indirect
Rd
(k)
(X)
2(1)(2)
1(1)(2)
1(1)(2)
Rd, X
Rd, X+
Rd
LD
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
X
←
←
(X)
X + 1
LD
Rd, -X
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
X ← X - 1,
Rd ← (X)
←
←
X - 1
(X)
None
2(1)(2)
LD
LD
Rd, Y
Load Indirect
Rd ← (Y)
←
(Y)
None
None
1(1)(2)
1(1)(2)
Rd, Y+
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
Y
←
←
(Y)
Y + 1
53
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
LD
Rd, -Y
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Y
Rd
←
←
Y - 1
(Y)
None
2(1)(2)
LDD
LD
Rd, Y+q
Rd, Z
Load Indirect with Displacement
Load Indirect
Rd
Rd
←
←
(Y + q)
(Z)
None
None
None
2(1)(2)
1(1)(2)
1(1)(2)
LD
Rd, Z+
Load Indirect and Post-Increment
Rd
Z
←
←
(Z),
Z+1
LD
Rd, -Z
Load Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Z
Rd
←
←
Z - 1,
(Z)
None
2(1)(2)
LDD
STS
ST
Rd, Z+q
k, Rr
Load Indirect with Displacement
Store Direct to Data Space
Store Indirect
Rd
(k)
(X)
←
←
←
(Z + q)
Rd
None
None
None
None
2(1)(2)
2(1)
X, Rr
Rr
1(1)
ST
X+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(X)
X
←
←
Rr,
X + 1
1(1)
ST
-X, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
X
(X)
←
←
X - 1,
Rr
None
2(1)
ST
ST
Y, Rr
Store Indirect
(Y)
←
Rr
None
None
1(1)
1(1)
Y+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(Y)
Y
←
←
Rr,
Y + 1
ST
-Y, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Y
(Y)
←
←
Y - 1,
Rr
None
2(1)
STD
ST
Y+q, Rr
Z, Rr
Store Indirect with Displacement
Store Indirect
(Y + q)
(Z)
←
←
Rr
Rr
None
None
None
2(1)
1(1)
1(1)
ST
Z+, Rr
Store Indirect and Post-Increment
(Z)
Z
←
←
Rr
Z + 1
ST
-Z, Rr
Store Indirect and Pre-Decrement
Store Indirect with Displacement
Load Program Memory
Z
(Z + q)
R0
←
←
←
←
Z - 1
Rr
None
None
None
None
None
2(1)
2(1)
3
STD
LPM
LPM
LPM
Z+q,Rr
(Z)
Rd, Z
Load Program Memory
Rd
(Z)
3
Rd, Z+
Load Program Memory and Post-Increment
Rd
Z
←
←
(Z),
Z + 1
3
ELPM
ELPM
ELPM
Extended Load Program Memory
Extended Load Program Memory
R0
Rd
←
←
(RAMPZ:Z)
(RAMPZ:Z)
None
None
None
3
3
3
Rd, Z
Rd, Z+
Extended Load Program Memory and Post-
Increment
Rd
Z
←
←
(RAMPZ:Z),
Z + 1
SPM
SPM
Store Program Memory
(RAMPZ:Z)
←
R1:R0
None
None
-
-
Z+
Store Program Memory and Post-Increment
by 2
(RAMPZ:Z)
Z
←
←
R1:R0,
Z + 2
IN
Rd, A
A, Rr
Rr
In From I/O Location
Out To I/O Location
Rd
I/O(A)
STACK
Rd
←
←
←
←
I/O(A)
Rr
None
None
None
None
1
OUT
PUSH
POP
1
Push Register on Stack
Pop Register from Stack
Rr
1(1)
2(1)
Rd
STACK
Bit and Bit-test Instructions
LSL
LSR
Rd
Rd
Logical Shift Left
Logical Shift Right
Rd(n+1)
Rd(0)
C
←
←
←
Rd(n),
0,
Rd(7)
Z,C,N,V,H
Z,C,N,V
1
1
Rd(n)
Rd(7)
C
←
←
←
Rd(n+1),
0,
Rd(0)
54
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Mnemonics
Operands
Description
Operation
Flags
#Clocks
ROL
Rd
Rotate Left Through Carry
Rd(0)
Rd(n+1)
C
←
←
←
C,
Rd(n),
Rd(7)
Z,C,N,V,H
1
ROR
Rd
Rotate Right Through Carry
Rd(7)
Rd(n)
C
←
←
←
C,
Z,C,N,V
1
Rd(n+1),
Rd(0)
ASR
SWAP
BSET
BCLR
SBI
Rd
Arithmetic Shift Right
Swap Nibbles
Rd(n)
←
↔
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
Rd(n+1), n=0..6
Z,C,N,V
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Rd
Rd(3..0)
Rd(7..4)
None
s
Flag Set
SREG(s)
1
SREG(s)
s
Flag Clear
SREG(s)
0
SREG(s)
A, b
A, b
Rr, b
Rd, b
Set Bit in I/O Register
Clear Bit in I/O Register
Bit Store from Register to T
Bit load from T to Register
Set Carry
I/O(A, b)
1
None
CBI
I/O(A, b)
0
None
BST
BLD
SEC
CLC
SEN
CLN
SEZ
CLZ
SEI
T
Rr(b)
T
1
T
Rd(b)
C
C
N
N
Z
None
C
C
N
N
Z
Clear Carry
0
Set Negative Flag
1
Clear Negative Flag
Set Zero Flag
0
1
Clear Zero Flag
Z
0
Z
Global Interrupt Enable
Global Interrupt Disable
Set Signed Test Flag
Clear Signed Test Flag
Set Two’s Complement Overflow
Clear Two’s Complement Overflow
Set T in SREG
I
1
I
CLI
I
0
I
SES
CLS
SEV
CLV
SET
CLT
S
1
S
S
V
V
T
S
0
V
1
V
0
T
1
Clear T in SREG
T
0
T
SEH
CLH
Set Half Carry Flag in SREG
Clear Half Carry Flag in SREG
H
H
1
H
H
0
MCU Control Instructions
BREAK
NOP
Break
(See specific descr. for BREAK)
None
None
None
None
1
1
1
1
No Operation
Sleep
SLEEP
WDR
(see specific descr. for Sleep)
Watchdog Reset
(see specific descr. for WDR)
Notes: 1. Cycle times for Data memory accesses assume internal memory accesses, and are not valid
for accesses via the external RAM interface.
2. One extra cycle must be added when accessing Internal SRAM.
55
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
32. Packaging information
32.1 44A
PIN 1
B
PIN 1 IDENTIFIER
E1
E
e
D1
D
C
0˚~7˚
A2
A
A1
L
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
MIN
–
MAX
1.20
NOM
NOTE
SYMBOL
A
–
–
A1
A2
D
0.05
0.95
11.75
9.90
11.75
9.90
0.30
0.09
0.45
0.15
1.00
12.00
10.00
12.00
10.00
–
1.05
12.25
D1
E
10.10 Note 2
12.25
Notes:
1. This package conforms to JEDEC reference MS-026, Variation ACB.
2. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable
protrusion is 0.25 mm per side. Dimensions D1 and E1 are maximum
plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch.
E1
B
10.10 Note 2
0.45
C
–
0.20
3. Lead coplanarity is 0.10 mm maximum.
L
–
0.75
e
0.80 TYP
10/5/2001
TITLE
DRAWING NO. REV.
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131
44A, 44-lead, 10 x 10 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness,
0.8 mm Lead Pitch, Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP)
44A
B
R
56
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
32.2 44M1
D
Marked Pin# 1 ID
E
SEATING PLANE
A1
A3
TOP VIEW
A
K
L
Pin #1 Corner
SIDE VIEW
D2
Pin #1
Triangle
Option A
1
2
3
COMMON DIMENSIONS
(Unit of Measure = mm)
MIN
0.80
–
MAX
1.00
0.05
NOM
0.90
NOTE
SYMBOL
E2
Option B
Option C
Pin #1
A
Chamfer
(C 0.30)
A1
A3
b
0.02
0.25 REF
0.23
0.18
6.90
5.00
6.90
0.30
7.10
5.40
7.10
D
7.00
K
Pin #1
Notch
(0.20 R)
D2
E
5.20
e
b
7.00
BOTTOM VIEW
E2
e
5.00
5.20
0.50 BSC
0.64
5.40
L
0.59
0.20
0.69
0.41
Note: JEDEC Standard MO-220, Fig. 1 (SAW Singulation) VKKD-3.
K
0.26
5/27/06
DRAWING NO. REV.
44M1
TITLE
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131
44M1, 44-pad, 7 x 7 x 1.0 mm Body, Lead Pitch 0.50 mm,
5.20 mm Exposed Pad, Micro Lead Frame Package (MLF)
G
R
57
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
33. Electrical Characteristics - TBD
33.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings*
*NOTICE:
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent dam-
age to the device. This is a stress rating only and
functional operation of the device at these or
other conditions beyond those indicated in the
operational sections of this specification is not
implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Operating Temperature.................................. -55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature..................................... -65°C to +150°C
Voltage on any Pin with respect to Ground..-0.5V to VCC+0.5V
Maximum Operating Voltage ............................................ 3.6V
DC Current per I/O Pin ............................................... 20.0 mA
DC Current VCC and GND Pins................................ 200.0 mA
33.2 DC Characteristics
TA = -40°C to 85°C, VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V (unless otherwise noted)
Symbol
VIL
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Input Low Voltage, except XTAL1 pin
Input Low Voltage, XTAL1 pins
Input High Voltage, except XTAL1 pin
Input High Voltage, XTAL1 pin
Output Low Voltage
V
V
V
V
VIL1
VIH
VIH1
VOL
VOH
Output High Voltage
Input Leakage
Current I/O Pin
IIL
µA
µA
Input Leakage
Current I/O Pin
IIH
RRST
RPU
Reset Pull-up Resistor
I/O Pin Pull-up Resistor
kΩ
kΩ
Active 32 MHz
Active 20 MHz
Active 8MHz
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
Power Supply Current
Power-down mode
Idle 32 MHz
ICC
Idle 20 MHz
WDT disabled
WDT slow sampling
WDT fast sampling
µA
Note:
1. “Max” means the highest value where the pin is guaranteed to be read as low
2. “Min” means the lowest value where the pin is guaranteed to be read as high
58
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
33.3 Speed
The maximum frequency of the XMEGA A4 devices is depending on VCC. As shown in Figure
33-1 on page 59 the Frequency vs.VCC curve is linear between 1.8V < VCC < 2.7V.
Figure 33-1. Maximum Frequency vs.VCC
MHz
32
Safe Operating Area
12
V
1.6
1.8
2.7
3.6
59
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
33.4 ADC Characteristics – TBD
Table 33-1. ADC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
µs
Resolution
Integral Non-Linearity (INL)
Differential Non-Linearity (DNL)
Gain Error
Offset Error
Conversion Time
ADC Clock Frequency
DC Supply Voltage
Source Impedance
Start-up time
MHz
mA
Ω
µs
AVCC
Analog Supply Current
VCC - 0.3
VCC + 0.3
V
Table 33-2. ADC Gain Stage Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Gain
Input Capacitance
Offset Error
Gain Error
pF
mV
%
Signal Range
DC Supply Current
Start-up time
V
mA
# clk cycles
60
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
33.5 DAC Characteristics – TBD
Table 33-3. DAC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
V
Resolution
Integral Non-Linearity (INL)
Differential Non-Linearity (DNL)
Gain Error
Offset Error
Calibrated Gain/Offset Error
Output Range
Output Settling Time
Output Capacitance
Output Resistance
Reference Input Voltage
Reference Input Capacitance
Reference Input Resistance
Current Consumption
Start-up time
µs
nF
kΩ
V
pF
kΩ
mA
µs
33.6 Analog Comparator Characteristics – TBD
Table 33-4. Analog Comparator Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Offset
mV
No
Hysteresis
Low
High
mV
ns
High Speed mode
Low power mode
High Speed mode
Low power mode
Propagation Delay
Current Consumption
Start-up time
µA
µs
61
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
34. Typical Characteristics - TBD
62
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
35. Errata
35.1 All rev.
No known errata.
63
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
36. Datasheet Revision History
36.1 8069C – 06/08
1.
2.
3.
Updated Figure 2-1 on page 2 and ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 47.
Updated ”Overview” on page 3.
Updated XMEGA A4 Block Diagram, Figure 3-1 on page 4 by removing JTAG from the block
diagram.
4.
5.
6.
Removed the sections related to JTAG: JTAG Reset and JTAG Interface.
Updated Table 13-1 on page 23.
Updated all tables in section ”Alternate Pin Functions” on page 49.
36.2 8069B – 06/08
1.
Updated ”Features” on page 1.
2.
Updated ”Pinout/Block Diagram” on page 2 and ”Pinout and Pin Functions” on page 47.
Updated ”Ordering Information” on page 2.
3.
4.
Updated ”Overview” on page 3, included the XMEGA A4 explanation text on page 6.
Added XMEGA A4 Block Diagram, Figure 3-1 on page 4.
Updated AVR CPU ”Features” on page 6 and Updated Figure 6-1 on page 6.
Updated Event System block diagram, Figure 9-1 on page 15.
Updated ”PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller” on page 23.
Updated ”AC - Analog Comparator” on page 42.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Updated ”I/O configuration” on page 25.
Inserted a new Figure 15-1 on page 30.
Updated ”Peripheral Module Address Map” on page 51.
Inserted ”Instruction Set Summary” on page 52.
Added Speed grades in ”Speed” on page 59.
36.3 8069A – 02/08
1.
Initial revision.
64
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
Table of Contents
Features ..................................................................................................... 1
Typical Applications ................................................................................ 1
1
2
3
Ordering Information ............................................................................... 2
Pinout/Block Diagram .............................................................................. 2
Overview ................................................................................................... 3
3.1Block Diagram ...........................................................................................................4
4
Resources ................................................................................................. 5
4.1Recommended reading .............................................................................................5
5
6
Disclaimer ................................................................................................. 5
AVR CPU ................................................................................................... 6
6.1Features ....................................................................................................................6
6.2Overview ....................................................................................................................6
6.3Register File ..............................................................................................................7
6.4ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit .......................................................................................7
6.5Program Flow ............................................................................................................7
7
Memories .................................................................................................. 8
7.1Features ....................................................................................................................8
7.2Overview ....................................................................................................................8
7.3In-System Programmable Flash Program Memory ...................................................8
7.4Data Memory ...........................................................................................................10
7.5Calibration Row .......................................................................................................11
7.6User Signature Row ................................................................................................11
7.7Flash and EEPROM Page Size ...............................................................................12
8
9
DMAC - Direct Memory Access Controller .......................................... 13
8.1Features ..................................................................................................................13
8.2Overview ..................................................................................................................13
Event System .......................................................................................... 14
9.1Features ..................................................................................................................14
9.2Overview ..................................................................................................................14
10 System Clock and Clock options ......................................................... 16
10.1Features ................................................................................................................16
i
8069C–AVR–06/08
XMEGA A4
10.2Overview ................................................................................................................16
10.3Clock Options ........................................................................................................17
11 Power Management and Sleep Modes ................................................. 19
11.1Features ................................................................................................................19
11.2Overview ................................................................................................................19
11.3Sleep Modes ..........................................................................................................19
12 System Control and Reset .................................................................... 21
12.1Features ................................................................................................................21
12.2Resetting the AVR .................................................................................................21
12.3Reset Sources .......................................................................................................21
12.4WDT - Watchdog Timer .........................................................................................22
13 PMIC - Programmable Multi-level Interrupt Controller ....................... 23
13.1Features ................................................................................................................23
13.2Overview ................................................................................................................23
13.3Interrupt vectors .....................................................................................................23
14 I/O Ports .................................................................................................. 25
14.1Features ................................................................................................................25
14.2Overview ................................................................................................................25
14.3I/O configuration ....................................................................................................25
14.4Input sensing .........................................................................................................28
14.5Port Interrupt ..........................................................................................................28
14.6Alternate Port Functions ........................................................................................28
15 T/C - 16-bit Timer/Counter ..................................................................... 29
15.1Features ................................................................................................................29
15.2Overview ................................................................................................................29
16 AWEX - Advanced Waveform Extension ............................................. 31
16.1Features ................................................................................................................31
16.2Overview ................................................................................................................31
17 Hi-Res - High Resolution Extension ..................................................... 32
17.1Features ................................................................................................................32
17.2Overview ................................................................................................................32
18 RTC - 16-bit Real-Time Counter ............................................................ 33
18.1Features ................................................................................................................33
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18.2Overview ................................................................................................................33
19 TWI - Two-Wire Interface ....................................................................... 34
19.1Features ................................................................................................................34
19.2Overview ................................................................................................................34
20 SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface ............................................................ 35
20.1Features ................................................................................................................35
20.2Overview ................................................................................................................35
21 USART ..................................................................................................... 36
21.1Features ................................................................................................................36
21.2Overview ................................................................................................................36
22 IRCOM - IR Communication Module ..................................................... 37
22.1Features ................................................................................................................37
22.2Overview ................................................................................................................37
23 Crypto Engine ......................................................................................... 38
23.1Features ................................................................................................................38
23.2Overview ................................................................................................................38
24 ADC - 12-bit Analog to Digital Converter ............................................. 39
24.1Features ................................................................................................................39
24.2Overview ................................................................................................................39
25 DAC - 12-bit Digital to Analog Converter ............................................. 41
25.1Features ................................................................................................................41
25.2Overview ................................................................................................................41
26 AC - Analog Comparator ....................................................................... 42
26.1Features ................................................................................................................42
26.2Overview ................................................................................................................42
26.3Input Selection .......................................................................................................44
26.4Window Function ...................................................................................................44
27 OCD - On-chip Debug ............................................................................ 45
27.1Features ................................................................................................................45
27.2Overview ................................................................................................................45
28 Program and Debug Interfaces ............................................................. 46
28.1Features ................................................................................................................46
28.2Overview ................................................................................................................46
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28.3PDI - Program and Debug Interface ......................................................................46
29 Pinout and Pin Functions ...................................................................... 47
29.1Alternate Pin Functions Description ......................................................................47
29.2Alternate Pin Functions .........................................................................................49
30 Peripheral Module Address Map .......................................................... 51
31 Instruction Set Summary ....................................................................... 52
32 Packaging information .......................................................................... 56
32.144A ........................................................................................................................56
32.244M1 ......................................................................................................................57
33 Electrical Characteristics - TBD ............................................................ 58
33.1Absolute Maximum Ratings* .................................................................................58
33.2DC Characteristics .................................................................................................58
33.3Speed ....................................................................................................................59
33.4ADC Characteristics – TBD ...................................................................................60
33.5DAC Characteristics – TBD ...................................................................................61
33.6Analog Comparator Characteristics – TBD ...........................................................61
34 Typical Characteristics - TBD ............................................................... 62
35 Errata ....................................................................................................... 63
35.1All rev. ....................................................................................................................63
36 Datasheet Revision History ................................................................... 64
36.18069C – 06/08 .......................................................................................................64
36.28069B – 06/08 .......................................................................................................64
36.38069A – 02/08 .......................................................................................................64
Table of Contents....................................................................................... i
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8069C–AVR–06/08
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