AP3434FNTR-G1 [DIODES]

Switching Controller,;
AP3434FNTR-G1
型号: AP3434FNTR-G1
厂家: DIODES INCORPORATED    DIODES INCORPORATED
描述:

Switching Controller,

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A Product Line of  
PART OBSOLETE  
Diodes Incorporated  
NO ALTERNATE PART  
AP3434  
3A, 2MHZ HIGH PERFORMANCE SYNCHRONOUS BUCK CONVERTER  
Description  
Pin Assignments  
The AP3434 is a current mode, PWM synchronous buck (step-down)  
DC-DC converter, capable of driving a 3A load with high efficiency,  
excellent line and load regulation.  
(Top View)  
Pin 1 Mark  
Pin 1 Mark  
The device integrates two N-channel power MOSFETs with low on-  
resistance. Current mode control provides fast transient response and  
cycle-by-cycle current limit.  
16  
15 14 13  
12  
1
1611 15  
14  
13  
2
E P  
1
10  
3
4
9
SW  
VIN  
12  
5
6
7
8
11 SW  
2
VIN  
GND  
GND  
The switching frequency of AP3434 can be programmable from  
200kHz to 2MHz, which allows small-sized components, such as  
capacitors and inductors. A standard series of inductors from several  
different manufacturers are available. This feature greatly simplifies  
the design of switch-mode power supplies.  
E P  
SW  
10  
3
4
9
SS  
5
6
7
8
Under voltage lockout is internally set at 2.6V, but can be increased  
by programming the threshold with a resistor network on the enable  
pin. The output voltage startup ramp is controlled by the soft-start pin.  
An open drain power good signal indicates the output is within 93% to  
107% of its nominal voltage.  
U-QFN3030-16  
Features  
The AP3434 is available in U-QFN3030-16 package.  
Input Voltage Range: 2.95V to 5.5V  
0.8V Reference Voltage with ±3% Precision  
Two 30m(Typical) MOSFETs for High Efficiency at 3A Load  
High Efficiency: Up to 94%  
Applications  
Low-voltage, High-density Power Systems  
Point of Load Regulation for High Performance DSPs, FPGAs,  
ASICs and Microprocessors  
Output Current: 3A  
Programmable Frequency: 200kHz to 2MHz  
Current Mode Control  
Broadband,  
Networking  
and  
Optical  
Communications  
Synchronizes to External Clock  
Infrastructure  
Adjustable Soft-start  
Soft Start-up into Pre-biased Output  
UV and OV Power Good Output  
Built-in Over Current Protection  
Built-in Thermal Shutdown Function  
Programmable UVLO Function  
Built-in Over Voltage Protection  
Thermally Enhanced 3mm×3mm 16-pin U-QFN3030-16  
Totally Lead-free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Note1 & 2)  
Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)  
Notes:  
1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS), 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) & 2015/863/EU (RoHS 3) compliant.  
2. See https://www.diodes.com/quality/lead-free/ for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and  
Lead-free.  
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and  
<1000ppm antimony compounds.  
1 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Typical Applications Circuit  
U1  
L1 1.5µH  
VOUT=1.8V  
VIN=5V  
16  
1
10  
11  
12  
13  
SW  
SW  
VIN  
VIN  
VIN  
R8 2.2Ω  
(Optional)  
C3  
C2  
R4  
100kΩ  
C6  
0.1µF  
2
C1  
SW  
R1  
10µF 0.1µF  
C10 2.2nF  
(Optional)  
14  
15  
BOOT  
PGD  
EN  
6
AP3434  
FB  
R6 12.5kΩ  
7
8
9
3
4
5
COMP  
RT/CLK  
SS  
GND  
GND  
R7  
10kΩ  
C8  
22µF  
C9  
22µF  
R2  
AGND  
R3  
7.5kΩ  
R5  
180kΩ  
C7  
0.01µF  
C5  
Optional  
C4  
2.7nF  
Pin Description  
Pin Number  
Pin Name  
Function  
Supply input pin. A capacitor should be connected between the VIN and GND pin to keep the  
DC input voltage constant  
1,2,16  
VIN  
3,4  
5
GND  
AGND  
FB  
Power ground. This pin should be electrically connected to the power pad under the IC  
Analog ground. This pin should be electrically connected to GND close to the device  
Feedback pin. Inverting node of the transconductance error amplifier  
6
Compensation pin. This pin is the output of the transconductance error amplifier and the input  
to the current comparator. Connect external compensation elements to this pin to stabilize the  
control loop  
7
COMP  
8
RT/CLK  
SS  
Resistor timing or external clock input pin  
Soft-start pin. An external capacitor connected to this pin sets the output voltage rise time. This  
pin can also be used for tracking  
9
10,11,12  
13  
SW  
Internal power switch output pin. This pin is connected to the inductor and bootstrap capacitor  
Bootstrap pin. A bootstrap capacitor is connected between the BOOT pin and SW pin. The  
voltage across the bootstrap capacitor drives the internal high-side power MOSFET  
BOOT  
Power good indicator output. Asserts low if output voltage is low due to thermal shutdown,  
over-current, over/under-voltage or EN shut down  
14  
15  
PGD  
EN  
Enable pin, internal pull-up current source. Pull below 1.2V to disable. Float to enable. Can be  
used to set the on/off threshold (adjust UVLO) with two additional resistors  
Exposed Pad can be connected to GND, for best thermal performance thermal vias are  
recommended under the package  
EP  
Exposed Thermal Pad  
2 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Functional Block Diagram  
3 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4)  
Symbol  
VIN  
Parameter  
Rating  
Unit  
V
VIN Pin Voltage  
EN Pin Voltage  
SW Pin Voltage  
FB Pin Voltage  
-0.3 to 6.5  
-0.3 to 6.5  
V
VEN  
V
VSW  
-0.3 to VIN+0.3  
-0.3 to 6.5  
-0.3 to 6.5  
-0.3 to 6.5  
-0.3 to 6.5  
-0.3 to 6.5  
70  
V
VFB  
COMP Pin Voltage  
V
VCOMP  
VPGD  
VRT/CLK  
VSS  
PGD Pin Voltage  
V
RT/CLK Pin Voltage  
V
SS Pin Voltage  
V
Thermal Resistance  
ºC/W  
ºC  
ºC  
ºC  
V
θJA  
Operating Junction Temperature  
Storage Temperature  
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec)  
ESD(Machine Model)  
ESD(Human Body Model)  
-40 to +125  
-65 to +150  
+260  
TJ  
TSTG  
TLEAD  
200  
2000  
V
Note 4: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and  
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.  
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
Recommended Operating Conditions  
Symbol  
VIN  
Parameter  
Min  
2.95  
3
Max  
5.5  
Unit  
V
Input Voltage  
Maximum Output Current  
A
IOUT(MAX)  
TA  
Operating Ambient Temperature  
-40  
+85  
ºC  
Electrical Characteristics (@VIN=2.95 to 5.5V, TA=+25ºC, unless otherwise specified. Specifications with boldface type apply  
over full operating temperature range from -40 to +85ºC.)  
Symbol  
Parameters  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Unit  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VIN PIN)  
Input Voltage  
2.95  
5.5  
V
VIN  
IQ  
V
FB=0.9V, VIN=5V,  
TA=+25ºC, RT=400kΩ  
EN=0V, TA=+25°C,  
Quiescent Current  
360  
575  
μA  
V
Shutdown Supply Current  
2
5
μA  
ISHDN  
2.95V≤VIN≤5.5V  
ENABLE AND UVLO (EN PIN)  
Rising  
Falling  
1.16  
1.25  
1.18  
2.6  
1.37  
V
V
VEN_H  
Enable Threshold  
VEN_L  
VUVLO  
VHYS  
Internal  
Under  
Voltage  
Voltage  
2.8  
V
Lockout Threshold  
Internal  
Under  
150  
mV  
Hysteresis  
4 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) (@VIN=2.95 to 5.5V, TA=+25ºC, unless otherwise specified. Specifications with boldface type  
apply over full operating temperature range from -40 to +85ºC.)  
Symbol  
Parameters  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Unit  
VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FB PIN)  
Voltage Reference  
0.779  
0.803  
0.827  
V
VREF  
MOSFET  
2.95V≤VIN≤5.5V  
30  
44  
30  
44  
60  
70  
60  
70  
mΩ  
mΩ  
mΩ  
mΩ  
V
BOOT-SW=5V  
High Side Switch On-  
resistance  
RON_H  
VBOOT-SW=2.95V  
VIN=5V  
Low Side Switch On-  
resistance  
RON_L  
VIN=2.95V  
CURRENT LIMIT  
Current Limit Threshold  
4
A
ILIMIT  
THERMAL SHUTDOWN  
Thermal Shutdown  
Hysteresis  
+140  
+20  
TTSD  
°C  
°C  
TIMING RESISTOR AND EXTERNAL CLOCK (RT/CLK PIN)  
Switching Frequency Range  
(RT Mode)  
Switching Frequency Range  
(CLK Mode)  
200  
2000  
kHz  
300  
400  
75  
500  
2000  
600  
kHz  
kHz  
ns  
V
Switching Frequency  
Minimum CLK Pulse Width  
RT/CLK Voltage  
fS  
RT=400kΩ  
0.5  
1.6  
0.6  
RT=400kΩ  
RT/CLK High Threshold  
RT/CLK Low Threshold  
2.2  
V
0.4  
V
BOOT (BOOT PIN)  
BOOT Charge Resistor  
BOOT-SW UVLO  
16  
RBOOT  
VIN=5V  
2.2  
V
VIN=2.95V  
SOFT START (SS PIN)  
Charge Current  
SS to Reference Crossover  
2
µA  
ISS  
VSS=0.4V  
98% Nominal  
1.1  
V
VSS  
POWER GOOD (PGD PIN)  
91  
93  
V
FB Falling (Fault)  
VFB Rising (Good)  
VFB Rising (Fault)  
VFB Falling (Good)  
Feedback Threshold  
VFB_TH  
%VREF  
107  
105  
5 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Performance Characteristics  
Supply Current vs. Input Voltage  
Supply Current vs. Temperature  
435  
430  
425  
420  
415  
410  
405  
400  
395  
390  
385  
380  
375  
370  
365  
460  
455  
450  
445  
440  
435  
430  
425  
420  
415  
410  
405  
400  
395  
390  
360  
2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7  
Input Voltage (V)  
-50  
-25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
150  
Temperature (oC)  
UVLO Threshold vs. Temperature  
EN Threshold vs. Temperature  
2.60  
2.55  
2.50  
2.45  
2.40  
2.35  
2.30  
2.25  
1.28  
1.27  
1.26  
1.25  
1.24  
1.23  
1.22  
1.21  
1.20  
1.19  
1.18  
1.17  
1.16  
1.15  
1.14  
V =5V  
IN  
Rising  
Falling  
2.20  
Start Switching  
Stop Switching  
2.15  
2.10  
-50  
-25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
150  
-50  
-25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
150  
Temperature (oC)  
Temperature (oC)  
Efficiency vs. Output Current  
Switching Frequency vs. Temperature  
100  
95  
90  
85  
80  
75  
70  
65  
60  
55  
50  
45  
40  
35  
30  
1020  
1010  
1000  
990  
980  
970  
960  
950  
940  
930  
920  
VOUT=1.8V  
V =3.3V  
IN  
RT=180k  
V =5V  
IN  
-50  
-25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
150  
0
300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300  
Output Current (mA)  
Temperature (oC)  
6 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Performance Characteristics (Cont.)  
Start Up from VIN (VIN=5V, VOUT=1.8V, IOUT=3A)  
Disable IC (VIN=5V, VOUT=1.8V, IOUT=3A)  
VEN  
2V/div  
VIN  
2V/div  
VOUT  
VOUT  
1V/div  
VSS  
2V/div  
1V/div  
VSS  
2V/div  
IL  
IL  
2A/div  
2A/div  
Time 3.2ms/div  
Time 20µs/div  
Load Transient Response (VIN=5V, VOUT=1.8V, IOUT=0 to 3A)  
Synchronizing to External Clock (fCLOCK=2MHz)  
VOUT(AC)  
200mV/div  
VCLOCK  
2V/div  
VSW  
2V/div  
IOUT  
2A/div  
Time 200µs/div  
Time 500ns/div  
Short Circuit Protection (VIN=5V, VOUT=1.8V, IOUT=3A)  
Short Circuit Recovery (VIN=5V, VOUT=1.8V, IOUT=3A)  
VOUT  
1V/div  
VOUT  
1V/div  
VSS  
2V/div  
VSS  
2V/div  
VCOMP  
VCOMP  
0.5V/div  
0.5V/div  
IL  
IL  
2A/div  
2A/div  
Time 3.2ms/div  
Time 3.2ms/div  
7 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Application Note  
Theory of Operation  
The AP3434 consists of a reference voltage module, slope compensation circuit, error amplifier, PWM comparator, current limit circuit, two N-  
channel MOSFETs etc. (Refer to the Functional Block Diagram on page 3 for detailed information)  
Soft-start  
The AP3434 integrates an internal soft start circuit to minimize inrush currents or provide power supply sequencing during power up. A capacitor  
connected between SS pin and ground implements the soft-start time. The AP3434 has an internal pull-up current source of 2μA, which charges  
the external slow start capacitor. Equation 1 calculates the required slow start capacitor, ISS is the internal slow start charging current of 2μA, and  
VREF is the internal voltage reference of 0.803V.  
tSS (ms)× ISS (µA)  
………………….(1)  
CSS (nF) =  
VREF (V )  
During normal operation, if the VIN goes below the UVLO, or the EN pin is pulled below 1.2V, or a thermal shutdown occurs, the AP3434 will stop  
switching and the SS pin will be discharged to 40mV before reinitiating a powering up sequence.  
Enable and Adjusting UVLO  
The AP3434 are disabled when the VIN falls below 2.6V. If an application requires a higher under-voltage lockout (UVLO), use the EN pin as  
shown in Figure 1 to adjust the input voltage UVLO by using two external resistors. The EN pin has an internal pull-up current source that provides  
the default condition of the AP3434 operating when the EN pin floats. Once the EN pin voltage exceeds 1.25V, an additional 2.55μA of hysteresis  
is added. When the EN pin is pulled below 1.18V, the 2.55μA hysteresis is removed. This additional current facilitates input voltage hysteresis.  
For AP3434, the divider resistor R1 and R2 on the EN pin can be calculated according to equation 2 and 3.  
0.944×VSTART VSTOP  
…………………...(2)  
R1=  
2.59×106  
1.18× R1  
………………(3)  
R2 =  
VSTOP 1.18+ R1×3.2×106  
AP3434  
VIN  
0.6μA  
2.55μA  
R1  
R2  
EN  
Figure 1. Adjustable Under Voltage Lock Out  
Adjusting Output Voltage  
The output voltage is set with a resistor divider from the FB pin. It is recommended to use divider resistors with 1% tolerance or better. Start with a  
10kΩ R2 resistor and use the equation 4 to calculate R1. To improve efficiency at very light loads consider using larger value resistors. If the  
values are too high, the regulator is more susceptible to noise and voltage errors from the FB input current are noticeable.  
8 of 15  
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© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Application Note (Cont.)  
Resistor R1 can be calculated according to equation 4.  
VOUT  
AP3434  
R1  
FB  
SS  
0.803V  
R2  
V
OUT  
……………………….. (4)  
R1= R2×  
1  
0.803  
Figure 2. Voltage Divider Circuit  
Synchronize Using the RT/CLK Pin  
The RT/CLK pin of AP3434 is used to synchronize the converter with an external system clock referring to Figure 3. To implement the  
synchronization feature in a system, connect a square wave to the RT/CLK pin with an on-time of at least 75ns. When the clock is detected on the  
RT/CLK pin, a mode change occurs and the pin becomes a synchronization input. The internal amplifier is disabled. If clocking edges stop, the  
internal amplifier is re-enabled and the mode returns to the frequency set by the resistor. The low level of the square wave must be lower than  
0.6V and the high level higher than 1.6V typically. The synchronization frequency range is from 300kHz to 2000kHz. The rising edge of the SW is  
synchronized to the falling edge of RT/CLK pin. Figure 4 shows a typical synchronizing waveform, the clock frequency is 2MHz.  
AP3434  
VRT/CLK  
2V/div  
RT/CLK  
VSW  
2V/div  
Clock  
Source  
RT  
Time 400ns/div  
Figure 4. Synchronizing Waveform  
Figure 3. Synchronizing to a System Clock  
Constant Switching Frequency and Timing Resistor  
The switching frequency of the AP3434 is adjustable over a wide range from 200kHz to 2000kHz by placing a resistor with maximum value of  
1000kΩ and minimum of 85kΩ, respectively, on the RT/CLK pin. An internal amplifier holds this pin at a fixed voltage when connecting an external  
resistor to ground to set the switching frequency. The VRT/CLK is typically 0.5V. To determine the timing resistance for a given switching frequency,  
use the equation 5.  
311890  
……………………….(5)  
RT (k) =  
fSW (kHz)1.0793  
133870  
RT (k)0.9393  
………………………..(6)  
f
SW (kHz) =  
To reduce the solution size one should typically set the switching frequency as high as possible, but tradeoffs of the efficiency, maximum input  
voltage and minimum controllable on time should be considered.  
9 of 15  
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May 2019  
© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Application Note (Cont.)  
Over Current Protection  
The AP3434 implements a cycle-by-cycle current limit. The high side switch current is detected during each cycle. During SCP conditions, VOUT is  
pulled down and VCOMP is driven to high, increasing the switch current. When the increased high side switch current is continuously detected to  
trigger the current limit of high side switch 6 times, the high side and low side switches are turned off for about 2.5ms. Then both switches start  
switching and they will not be turned off until the next 6 OCPs are triggered. The IC works with a hiccup mode during SCP conditions.  
Power Good  
The PGD pin output is an open drain MOSFET. The output is pulled low when the FB voltage enters the fault condition by falling below 91% or  
rising above 107% of the nominal internal reference voltage. There is a 2% hysteresis on the threshold voltage, so when the FB voltage rises to  
the good condition above 93% or falls below 105% of the internal voltage reference the PGD output MOSFET is turned off. It is recommended to  
use a pull-up resistor between the values of 1kΩ and 100kΩ to a voltage source that is 5V or less. The PGD is in a valid state once the VIN input  
voltage is greater than 1.2V.  
Thermal Shutdown  
The AP3434 implement an internal thermal shutdown to protect itself if the junction temperature exceeds +140°C. Switching is stopped when the  
junction temperature exceeds the thermal trip threshold. Once the die temperature decreases below +120°C, the device reinitiates the soft start  
operation. The thermal shutdown hysteresis is +20°C.  
Component Selection  
Typical application circuit of AP3434 is shown in Figure 5. For the major component selection please refer to the following section.  
U1  
L1 1.5µH  
VOUT=1.8V  
VIN=5V  
16  
1
10  
11  
12  
13  
SW  
SW  
VIN  
VIN  
VIN  
R8 2.2Ω  
(Optional)  
C3  
C2  
R4  
100kΩ  
C6  
0.1µF  
C1  
Optional  
2
SW  
R1  
10µF 0.1µF  
C10 2.2nF  
(Optional)  
14  
15  
BOOT  
PGD  
EN  
6
AP3434  
FB  
R6 12.5kΩ  
7
8
9
3
4
5
COMP  
RT/CLK  
SS  
GND  
GND  
R7  
10kΩ  
C8  
22µF  
C9  
22µF  
R2  
AGND  
R3  
7.5kΩ  
R5  
180kΩ  
C7  
0.01µF  
C5  
Optional  
C4  
2.7nF  
Figure 5. Typical Application of AP3434  
Input Capacitor  
The AP3434 requires a high quality ceramic, type X5R or X7R, input decoupling capacitor of at least 4.7μF effective capacitance and in some  
applications a bulk capacitor. The effective capacitance includes any DC bias effects. To ensure a stable operation, the input capacitor should be  
placed as close to the VIN pin as possible, and its value varies according to different load and different characteristic of input impedance.  
There are two important parameters of the input capacitor: the voltage rating and RMS current rating. The voltage rating of the input capacitor  
should be at least 1.25 times larger than the maximum input voltage. The capacitor must also have a RMS current rating greater than the  
maximum input current ripple of the AP3434. The RMS current of input capacitor can be expressed as:  
VOUT  
VIN  
VOUT  
VIN  
………..(7)  
ICIN_RMS = IOUT(MAX)  
×
× 1−  
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© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Application Note (Cont.)  
Output Capacitor  
The output capacitor is the most critical component of a switching regulator. It is used for filtering output and keeping the loop stable. The typical  
value is 44μF.  
The primary parameters for output capacitor are the voltage rating and the equivalent series resistance (ESR). A low ESR capacitor is preferred to  
keep the output voltage ripple low. The output ripple is calculated as the following:  
1
……………..(8)  
VOUT ≈ ∆IL ×(RESR  
+
)
8× f ×COUT  
Where f is the switching frequency, COUT is the output capacitance and IL is the ripple current in the inductor.  
Inductor  
The inductor is used to supply smooth current to output when it is driven by a switching voltage. The higher the inductance, the lower the peak-to-  
peak ripple current, as the higher inductance usually means the larger inductor size, so some trade-offs should be made when select an inductor.  
The AP3434 is a synchronous buck converter. It always works on continuous current mode (CCM), and the inductor value can be selected as the  
following:  
VIN VOUT  
f ×VIN × IOUT ×k  
…………………. ….(9)  
L =VOUT ×(  
)
Where VOUT is the output voltage, VIN is the input voltage, IOUT is the output current, k is the coefficient of ripple current, and its typical value is 20%  
to 40%. Another important parameter for the inductor is the current rating. Exceeding an inductor's maximum current rating may cause the  
inductor to saturate and overheat. If inductor value has been selected, the peak inductor current can be calculated as the following:  
VIN VOUT  
2× f ×VIN × L  
…………..(10)  
IPEAK = IOUT +VOUT ×(  
)
It should be ensured that the current rating of the selected inductor is 1.5 times of the IPEAK  
.
Slow Start Capacitor  
The slow start capacitor determines the output voltage soft start time during power up.  
The slow start capacitor value can be calculated using equation 11.  
tSS (ms)× ISS (µA) ……………………… (11)  
CSS (nF) =  
VREF (V )  
In AP3434, ISS is 2μA and VREF is 0.803V.  
Bootstrap Capacitor  
A 0.1μF ceramic capacitor must be connected between the BOOT pin and the SW pin for normal operation. It is recommended to use a ceramic  
capacitor with X5R or better grade dielectric.  
Feedback Resistors  
It is recommended to use divider resistors with 1% tolerance or better. Start with a 10kΩ for the R7 resistor and use the equation 12 to calculate  
R6.  
V
…………………………………(12)  
OUT  
R6 = R7×  
1  
0.803  
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© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
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AP3434  
Application Note (Cont.)  
Compensation  
The output capacitor and the load resistance largely determine where the error amplifier poles and zeros need to be placed for optimum transient  
response and loop stability. The corner frequency of the pole and zero generated by output capacitor are:  
1
………………………..(13)  
fP1  
=
=
2π × RLOAD ×COUT  
1
………………………. .. (14)  
fZ1  
2π × RESR ×COUT  
Where RLOAD is the load resistance, COUT is the output capacitance and RESR is the capacitor ESR.  
The error amplifier provides most of the loop gain. After selecting the output capacitor, the control loop is compensated by tailoring the frequency  
response of the error amplifier. The low frequency pole of the error amplifier is the dominant pole and is determined primarily by CCOMP and the  
output resistance of the error amplifier as shown by:  
1
…………………..(15)  
fP2  
=
2π × ROUT _ EA ×CCOMP  
Resistor RCOMP adds a zero to the frequency response to control gain in the mid frequency range. This zero frequency is:  
1
……………………..(16)  
fZ 2  
=
2π × RCOMP ×CCOMP  
Where RCOMP and CCOMP are compensation resistor and capacitor connected to COMP pin, ROUT_EA is the output impedance of the error amplifier.  
A 7.5kΩ resistor and 2.7nF capacitor are used in typical application.  
Layout Consideration  
PCB layout is very important to the performance of AP3434. The loop which switching current flows through should be kept as short as possible.  
The external components (especially CIN) should be placed as close to the IC as possible.  
The feedback trace should be routed far away from the inductor and noisy power traces, and it needs to be routed as direct as possible. Locate  
the feedback divider resistor network near the feedback pin with short leads.  
Since the SW connection is the switching node, the output inductor should be located very close to the SW pins, and the area of the PCB  
conductor is minimized to prevent excessive capacitive coupling.  
The boot capacitor must also be located close to the device. The sensitive analog ground connections for the feedback voltage divider,  
compensation components, slow start capacitor and frequency set resistor should be connected to a separate analog ground trace.  
The RT/CLK pin is sensitive to noise so the RT resistor should be located as close as possible to the IC and routed with minimal lengths of trace.  
Figure 6. Top View of PCB Layout  
Figure 7. Bottom View of PCB Layout  
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© Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Ordering Information  
AP3434 XX XX XX  
Product Name  
Package  
FN : U-QFN3030-16  
Packing  
RoHS/Green  
G1 : Green  
TR : Tape & Reel  
Diodes IC’s Pb-free products with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green.  
Package  
Temperature Range  
Part Number  
Marking ID  
Packing  
5000/Tape & Reel  
U-QFN3030-16  
-40 to +85ºC  
AP3434FNTR-G1  
B1J  
Marking Information  
(Top View)  
: AAC Logo  
B1J: Marking ID (Per Datasheet)  
YWW: Year and Work Week of Mold Operation  
M: Assembly Site Code  
XX: The 7th & 8th Digits of Batch No.  
· Pin 1 Mark  
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AP3434  
Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
Diodes Incorporated  
AP3434  
Package Outline Dimensions  
(1) Package Type: U-QFN3030-16  
A3  
A1  
U-QFN3030-16  
Type B  
A
Dim  
A
Min Max Typ  
0.55 0.65 0.60  
Side View  
A1  
A3  
b
0
0.05 0.02  
0.15  
0.18 0.28 0.23  
D
e
D
2.95 3.05 3.00  
D2  
E
E2  
e
1.40 1.60 1.50  
2.95 3.05 3.00  
1.40 1.60 1.50  
(Pin #1 ID)  
0.50  
0.450  
L
0.35 0.45 0.40  
200  
0.  
R
0.625  
Z
E
E2  
All Dimensions in mm  
D2  
L (16x)  
Z (8x)  
b (16x)  
Bottom View  
Suggested Pad Layout  
(1) Package Type: U-QFN3030-16  
C
G
G1  
Value  
Dimensions  
(in mm)  
C
G
G1  
X
X1  
Y
Y1  
0.500  
0.150  
0.150  
0.350  
1.800  
0.600  
1.800  
Y1  
X1  
Y (16x)  
X (16x)  
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Document number: DS37413 Rev. 3 - 4  
A Product Line of  
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AP3434  
IMPORTANT NOTICE  
DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT,  
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE  
(AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).  
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes  
without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the  
application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or  
trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall assume  
all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated  
website, harmless against all damages.  
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel.  
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and  
hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or  
indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application.  
Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings  
noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks.  
This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document is the  
final and determinative format released by Diodes Incorporated.  
LIFE SUPPORT  
Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express  
written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:  
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:  
1. are intended to implant into the body, or  
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the  
labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.  
B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the  
failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.  
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and  
acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any  
use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related  
information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its  
representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.  
Copyright © 2017, Diodes Incorporated  
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