FAN5236QSCX [FAIRCHILD]

Dual Mobile-Friendly DDR / Dual-output PWM Controller; 双移动友好DDR /双输出PWM控制器
FAN5236QSCX
型号: FAN5236QSCX
厂家: FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR    FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR
描述:

Dual Mobile-Friendly DDR / Dual-output PWM Controller
双移动友好DDR /双输出PWM控制器

稳压器 开关式稳压器或控制器 电源电路 开关式控制器 光电二极管 双倍数据速率
文件: 总20页 (文件大小:199K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
www.fairchildsemi.com  
FAN5236  
Dual Mobile-Friendly DDR / Dual-output PWM Controller  
Features  
General Description  
• Highly flexible dual synchronous switching PWM  
controller includes modes for:  
The FAN5236 PWM controller provides high efficiency and  
regulation for two output voltages adjustable in the range  
from 0.9V to 5.5V that are required to power I/O, chip-sets,  
and memory banks in high-performance notebook comput-  
ers, PDAs and Internet appliances. Synchronous rectification  
and hysteretic operation at light loads contribute to a high  
efficiency over a wide range of loads. The hysteretic mode of  
operation can be disabled separately on each PWM converter  
if PWM mode is desired for all load levels. Efficiency is even  
further enhanced by using MOSFET’s RDS(ON) as a current  
sense component.  
– DDR mode with in-phase operation for reduced  
channel interference  
– 90˚ phase shifted two-stage DDR Mode for reduced  
input ripple  
– Dual Independent regulators 180° phase shifted  
• Complete DDR Memory power solution  
– VTT Tracks VDDQ/2  
– VDDQ/2 Buffered Reference Output  
• Lossless current sensing on low-side MOSFET or  
precision over-current using sense resistor  
• VCC Under-voltage Lockout  
Feed-forward ramp modulation, average current mode con-  
trol scheme, and internal feedback compensation provide  
fast response to load transients. Out-of-phase operation with  
180 degree phase shift reduces input current ripple. The con-  
troller can be transformed into a complete DDR memory  
power supply solution by activating a designated pin. In  
DDR mode of operation one of the channels tracks the out-  
put voltage of another channel and provides output current  
sink and source capability — features essential for proper  
powering of DDR chips. The buffered reference voltage  
required by this type of memory is also provided. The  
FAN5236 monitors these outputs and generates separate  
PGx (power good) signals when the soft-start is completed  
and the output is within 10ꢀ of its set point. A built-in  
over-voltage protection prevents the output voltage from  
going above 120ꢀ of the set point. Normal operation is auto-  
matically restored when the over-voltage conditions go  
away. Under-voltage protection latches the chip off when  
either output drops below 75ꢀ of its set value after the soft-  
start sequence for this output is completed. An adjustable  
over-current function monitors the output current by sensing  
the voltage drop across the lower MOSFET. If precision cur-  
rent-sensing is required, an external current-sense resistor  
may optionally be used.  
• Converters can operate from +5V or 3.3V or Battery  
power input (5 to 24V)  
• Excellent dynamic response with Voltage Feed-Forward  
and Average Current Mode control  
• Power-Good Signal  
• Also supports DDR-II and HSTL  
• Light load Hysteretic mode maximizes efficiency  
• QSOP28, TSSOP28  
Applications  
• DDR VDDQ and VTT voltage generation  
• Mobile PC dual regulator  
• Server DDR power  
• Hand-Held PC power  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Generic Block Diagrams  
VIN (BATTERY)  
= 5 to 24V  
VCC  
+5  
FAN5236  
Q1  
VOUT1  
= 2.5V  
ILIM1  
L OUT1  
PWM 1  
COUT1  
Q2  
DDR  
Q3  
L OUT2  
VOUT2  
= 1.8V  
ILIM2/  
REF2  
PWM 2  
COUT2  
Q4  
Figure 1. Dual output regulator  
VIN (BATTERY)  
= 5 to 24V  
VCC  
+5  
FAN5236  
Q1  
ILIM1  
VDDQ  
= 2.5V  
L OUT1  
PWM 1  
COUT1  
Q2  
R
R
DDR  
+5  
Q3  
VTT =  
VDDQ/2  
L OUT2  
PG2/REF  
1.25V  
COUT2  
Q4  
PWM 2  
ILIM2/REF2  
Figure 2. Complete DDR Memory Power Supply  
2
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
Pin Configurations  
AGND  
LDRV1  
PGND1  
SW1  
VCC  
1
28  
27  
26  
25  
24  
23  
22  
21  
20  
19  
18  
17  
16  
15  
LDRV2  
PGND2  
SW2  
2
3
4
HDRV1  
BOOT1  
ISNS1  
EN1  
HDRV2  
BOOT2  
ISNS2  
5
6
7
FAN5236  
EN2  
8
FPWM1  
VSEN1  
ILIM1  
FPWM2  
VSEN2  
ILIM2/REF2  
SS2  
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
SS1  
DDR  
PG2/REF2OUT  
PG1  
VIN  
QSOP-28 or TSSOP-28  
= 90°C/W  
θ
JA  
Pin Definitions  
Pin  
Number Pin Name Pin Function Description  
1
AGND  
Analog Ground. This is the signal ground reference for the IC. All voltage levels are  
measured with respect to this pin.  
2
27  
LDRV1  
LDRV2  
Low-Side Drive. The low-side (lower) MOSFET driver output. Connect to gate of low-side  
MOSFET.  
3
26  
PGND1  
PGND2  
Power Ground. The return for the low-side MOSFET driver. Connect to source of low-  
side MOSFET.  
4
25  
SW1  
SW2  
Switching node. Return for the high-side MOSFET driver and a current sense input.  
Connect to source of high-side MOSFET and low-side MOSFET drain.  
5
HDRV1  
High-Side Drive. High-side (upper) MOSFET driver output. Connect to gate of high-side  
24  
MOSFET.  
6
23  
BOOT1  
BOOT2  
BOOT. Positive supply for the upper MOSFET driver. Connect as shown in Figure 3.  
7
22  
ISNS1  
ISNS2  
Current Sense input. Monitors the voltage drop across the lower MOSFET or external  
sense resistor for current feedback.  
8
21  
EN1  
EN2  
Enable. Enables operation when pulled to logic high. Toggling EN will also reset the  
regulator after a latched fault condition. These are CMOS inputs whose state is  
indeterminate if left open.  
9
20  
FPWM1  
FPWM2  
Forced PWM mode. When logic low, inhibits the regulator from entering hysteretic mode.  
Otherwise tie to VOUT. The regulator uses VOUT on this pin to ensure a smooth  
transition from Hysteretic mode to PWM mode. When VOUT is expected to exceed VCC,  
tie to VCC.  
10  
19  
VSEN1  
VSEN2  
Output Voltage Sense. The feedback from the outputs. Used for regulation as well as  
PG, under-voltage and over-voltage protection and monitoring.  
11  
ILIM1  
Current Limit 1. A resistor from this pin to GND sets the current limit.  
12  
17  
SS1  
SS2  
Soft Start. A capacitor from this pin to GND programs the slew rate of the converter  
during initialization. During initialization, this pin is charged with a 5µA current source.  
13  
DDR  
DDR Mode Control. High = DDR mode. Low = 2 separate regulators operating 180° out  
of phase.  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
3
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Pin Definitions (continued)  
14  
VIN  
Input Voltage. Normally connected to battery, providing voltage feed-forward to set the  
amplitude of the internal oscillator ramp. When using the IC for 2-step conversion from 5V  
input, connect through 100K to ground, which will set the appropriate ramp gain and  
synchronize the channels 90˚ out of phase.  
15  
16  
PG1  
Power Good Flag. An open-drain output that will pull LOW when VSEN is outside of a  
10ꢀ range of the 0.9V reference.  
PG2 /  
Power Good 2. When not in DDR Mode: Open-drain output that pulls LOW when the  
REF2OUT VOUT is out of regulation or in a fault condition  
Reference Out 2. When in DDR Mode, provides a buffered output of REF2. Typically  
used as the VDDQ/2 reference.  
18  
28  
ILIM2 /  
REF2  
Current Limit 2. When not in DDR Mode, A resistor from this pin to GND sets the current  
limit.  
Reference for reg #2 when in DDR Mode. Typically set to VOUT1 / 2.  
VCC  
VCC. This pin powers the chip as well as the LDRV buffers. The IC starts to operate when  
voltage on this pin exceeds 4.6V (UVLO rising) and shuts down when it drops below 4.3V  
(UVLO falling).  
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
Absolute maximum ratings are the values beyond which the device may be damaged or have its useful life  
impaired. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied.  
Parameter  
Min.  
Typ.  
Max.  
6.5  
Units  
V
VCC Supply Voltage:  
VIN  
27  
V
BOOT, SW, ISNS, HDRV  
BOOTx to SWx  
33  
V
6.5  
V
All Other Pins  
–0.3  
–40  
–65  
VCC+0.3  
150  
V
Junction Temperature (TJ )  
Storage Temperature  
Lead Soldering Temperature, 10 seconds  
°C  
°C  
°C  
150  
300  
Recommended Operating Conditions  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min.  
Typ.  
Max.  
5.25  
24  
Units  
V
Supply Voltage VCC  
Supply Voltage VIN  
Ambient Temperature (TA )  
4.75  
5
V
Note 1  
–10  
85  
°C  
Note 1: Industrial temperature range (–40 to + 85°C) may be special ordered from Fairchild. Please contact your authorized Fairchild  
representative for more information.  
4
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
Electrical Specifications Recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise noted.  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min.  
Typ.  
Max.  
Units  
Power Supplies  
VCC Current  
LDRV, HDRV Open, VSEN forced  
above regulation point  
2.2  
3.0  
mA  
Shut-down (EN=0)  
VIN = 24V  
30  
30  
µA  
µA  
µA  
µA  
V
VIN Current – Sinking  
VIN Current – Sourcing  
VIN Current – Shut-down  
UVLO Threshold  
10  
VIN = 0V  
–15  
–30  
1
Rising VCC  
Falling  
4.3  
4.1  
4.55  
4.25  
300  
4.75  
4.45  
V
UVLO Hysteresis  
Oscillator  
mV  
Frequency  
255  
300  
2
345  
KHz  
V
Ramp Amplitude, pk–pk  
Ramp Amplitude, pk–pk  
Ramp Offset  
VIN = 16V  
VIN = 5V  
1.25  
0.5  
125  
250  
V
V
Ramp / VIN Gain  
Ramp / VIN Gain  
Reference and Soft Start  
Internal Reference Voltage  
VIN 3V  
mV/V  
mV/V  
1V < VIN < 3V  
0.891  
0.9  
5
0.909  
V
µA  
V
Soft Start current (ISS  
)
at start-up  
Soft Start Complete Threshold  
PWM Converters  
1.5  
Load Regulation  
IOUTX from 0 to 5A, VIN from 5 to 24V  
-2  
50  
+2  
120  
65  
nA  
KΩ  
VSEN Bias Current  
80  
55  
VOUT pin input impedance  
Under-voltage Shutdown  
Over-voltage threshold  
ISNS Over-Current threshold  
Output Drivers  
45  
as ꢀ of set point. 2µS noise filter  
as ꢀ of set point. 2µS noise filter  
RILIM= 68.5Ksee Figure 11.  
70  
75  
80  
115  
112  
120  
140  
125  
168  
µA  
HDRV Output Resistance  
Sourcing  
Sinking  
12  
2.4  
12  
15  
4
LDRV Output Resistance  
Sourcing  
Sinking  
15  
2
1.2  
PG (Power Good Output) and Control pins  
Lower Threshold  
Upper Threshold  
PG Output Low  
as ꢀ of set point, 2µS noise filter  
–86  
108  
–94  
116  
0.5  
1
V
as ꢀ of set point, 2µS noise filter  
IPG = 4mA  
Leakage Current  
PG2/REF2OUT Voltage  
VPULLUP = 5V  
µA  
DDR = 1, 0 mA < IREF2OUT 10mA  
99  
1.01  
VREF2  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
5
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Electrical Specifications Recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise noted. (continued)  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min.  
Typ.  
Max.  
Units  
DDR, EN Inputs  
Input High  
2
V
V
Input Low  
0.8  
0.1  
FPWM Inputs  
FPWM Low  
FPWM High  
V
V
FPWM connected to output  
0.9  
5V  
VDD  
CBOOT  
BOOT  
EN  
VIN  
Q1  
POR/UVLO  
FPWM/VOUT  
FPWM  
DDR  
HDRV  
SW  
HYST  
SS  
HYST  
VOUT  
COUT  
OVP  
L
ADAPTIVE  
GATE  
Q2  
OUT  
VDD  
CONTROLLOGIC  
DDR  
VIN  
LDRV  
PGND  
RAMP  
OSC  
CLK  
Q
R
PWM  
S/H  
S
PWM/HYST  
PWM  
RAMP  
RSENSE  
ILIM det.  
MODE  
ISNS  
VSEN  
CURRENT PROCESSING  
DUTY  
CYCLE  
CLAMP  
EA  
IOUT  
Σ
FPWM/VOUT  
SS  
ILIM  
VREF  
PGOOD  
REF2  
Reference and  
Soft Start  
PWM/HYST  
DDR  
Figure 3. IC Block Diagram  
6
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
Typical Applications  
VIN (BATTERY)  
= 5 to 24V  
VIN  
C1  
C9  
14  
D1  
VCC  
BOOT1  
Q1A  
28  
6
+5  
+5  
C4  
C5  
HDRV1  
VDDQ  
= 2.5V  
5
4
R3  
L1  
ILIM1  
EN1  
SS1  
11  
8
SW1  
C6A C6B  
Q1B  
PWM 1  
R5  
LDRV1  
2
12  
C2  
R7  
PGND2  
ISNS1  
+5  
3
7
R4  
FPWM1 (VOUT1)  
VSEN1  
9
PG1  
15  
R1  
10  
DDR  
EN2  
SS2  
+5  
13  
21  
17  
BOOT2  
Q2A  
23  
R6  
D2  
+5  
HDRV2  
SW2  
C7  
C3  
24  
25  
VTT =  
VDDQ/2  
L2  
R2  
1.25V@10mA  
PG2/REF  
Q2B  
C8A  
16  
1
PWM 2  
LDRV2  
27  
AGND  
PGND2  
ISNS2  
26  
22  
R8  
C8B  
FPWM2  
VSEN2  
20  
19  
18  
ILIM2/REF2  
Figure 4. DDR Regulator Application  
Table 1. DDR Regulator BOM  
Description  
Qty Ref.  
Vendor  
AVX  
Any  
Part Number  
Capacitor 68µf, Tantalum, 25V, ESR 150mΩ  
Capacitor 10nf, Ceramic  
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
C1  
TPSV686*025#0150  
C2, C3  
C4  
Capacitor 68µf, Tantalum, 6V, ESR 1.8Ω  
Capacitor 150nF, Ceramic  
Capacitor 180µf, Specialty Polymer 4V, ESR 15mΩ  
Capacitor 1000µf, Specialty Polymer 4V, ESR 10mΩ  
Capacitor 0.1µF, Ceramic  
18.2K, 1% Resistor  
AVX  
Any  
TAJB686*006  
C5, C7  
C6A, C6B Panasonic EEFUE0G181R  
C8  
Kemet  
Any  
T510E108(1)004AS4115  
C9  
R1, R2  
R6  
Any  
1.82K, 1% Resistor  
Any  
56.2K, 1% Resistor  
R3  
Any  
10K, 5% Resistor  
R4  
Any  
3.24K, 1% Resistor  
R5  
Any  
1.5K, 1% Resistor  
R7, R8  
D1, D2  
L1,  
Any  
Schottky Diode 30V  
Fairchild  
BAT54  
Inductor 6.4µH, 6A, 8.64mΩ  
Inductor 0.8µH, 6A, 2.24mΩ  
Dual MOSFET with Schottky  
DDR Controller  
Panasonic ETQ-P6F6R4HFA  
Panasonic ETQ-P6F0R8LFA  
L2  
Q1, Q2  
U1  
Fairchild  
Fairchild  
FDS6986S (note 1)  
FAN5236  
Note 1: Suitable for typical notebook computer application of 4A continuous, 6A peak for VDDQ. If continuous operation above  
6A is required use single SO-8 packages for Q1A (FDS6612A) and Q1B (FDS6690S) respectively. Using FDS6690S,  
change R7 to 1200. Refer to Power MOSFET Selection, page 15 for more information.  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
7
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Typical Applications (continued)  
VIN (BATTERY)  
= 5 to 24V  
VIN  
C9  
C1  
14  
D1  
L1  
VCC  
BOOT1  
Q1A  
28  
11  
6
+5  
+5  
C4  
C5  
HDRV1  
5
4
R2  
ILIM1  
2.5V@6A  
C6  
SW1  
EN1  
SS1  
Q1B  
LDRV1  
8
PWM 1  
2
12  
R6  
C2  
PGND2  
ISNS1  
+5  
3
7
R4  
R3  
FPWM1 (VOUT1)  
VSEN1  
9
PG1  
DDR  
15  
13  
10  
VIN  
D2  
BOOT2  
Q2A  
23  
R5  
+5  
EN2  
21  
HDRV2  
SW2  
C7  
24  
25  
PG2  
SS2  
L2  
16  
17  
1.8V@6A  
Q2B  
C8  
PWM 2  
LDRV2  
C3  
27  
R7  
AGND  
PGND2  
ISNS2  
R8  
1
26  
22  
R9  
R1  
FPWM2  
VSEN2  
ILIM2  
20  
19  
18  
Figure 5. Dual Regulator Application  
Qty Ref.  
Table 2. Dual Regulator BOM  
Item Description  
Vendor  
AVX  
Any  
Part Number  
1
Capacitor 68µf, Tantalum, 25V, ESR 95mΩ  
Capacitor 10nf, Ceramic  
Capacitor 68µf, Tantalum, 6V, ESR 1.8Ω  
Capacitor 150nF, Ceramic  
Capacitor 330µf, Poscap, 4V, ESR 40mΩ  
Capacitor 0.1µF, Ceramic  
56.2K, 1% Resistor  
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
3
2
2
1
1
1
C1  
TPSV686*025#095  
TAJB686*006  
4TPB330ML  
2
C2, C3  
C4  
3
AVX  
Any  
4
C5, C7  
C6, C8  
C9  
5
Sanyo  
Any  
5
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
27  
28  
29  
30  
R1, R2  
R3  
Any  
10K, 5% Resistor  
Any  
3.24K, 1% Resistor  
R4  
Any  
1.82K, 1% Resistor  
R5, R8, R9 Any  
1.5K, 1% Resistor  
R6, R7  
D1, D2  
L1, L2  
Q1  
Any  
Schottky Diode 30V  
Fairchild  
BAT54  
Inductor 6.4µH, 6A, 8.64mΩ  
Dual MOSFET with Schottky  
DDR Controller  
Panasonic ETQ-P6F6R4HFA  
Fairchild  
Fairchild  
FDS6986S (note 1)  
FAN5236  
U1  
Note 1: If currents above 4A continuous required, use single SO-8 packages for Q1A/Q2A (FDS6612A) and Q1B/Q2B  
(FDS6690S) respectively. Using FDS6690S, change R6/R7 as required. Refer to Power MOSFET Selection, page 15  
for more information.  
8
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
When used as a dual converter (as in Figure 5), out-of-phase  
operation with 180 degree phase shift reduces input current  
ripple.  
Circuit Description  
Overview  
The FAN5236 is a multi-mode, dual channel PWM control-  
ler intended for graphic chipset, SDRAM, DDR DRAM or  
other low voltage power applications in modern notebook,  
desktop, and sub-notebook PCs. The IC integrates a control  
circuitry for two synchronous buck converters. The output  
voltage of each controller can be set in the range of 0.9V to  
5.5V by an external resistor divider.  
For the “2-step” conversion (where the VTT is converted  
from VDDQ as in Figure 4) used in DDR mode, the duty  
cycle of the second converter is nominally 50ꢀ and the opti-  
mal phasing depends on VIN. The objective is to keep noise  
generated from the switching transition in one converter  
from influencing the "decision" to switch in the other con-  
verter.  
The two synchronous buck converters can operate from  
either an unregulated DC source (such as a notebook battery)  
with voltage ranging from 5.0V to 24V, or from a regulated  
system rail of 3.3V to 5V. In either mode of operation the IC  
is biased from a +5V source. The PWM modulators use an  
average current mode control with input voltage feed-for-  
ward for simplified feedback loop compensation and  
improved line regulation. Both PWM controllers have inte-  
grated feedback loop compensation that dramatically  
reduces the number of external components.  
When VIN is from the battery, it’s typically higher than 7.5V.  
As shown in Figure 6, 180° operation is undesirable since  
the turn-on of the VDDQ converter occurs very near the  
decision point of the VTT converter.  
CLK  
VDDQ  
VTT  
Depending on the load level, the converters can operate  
either in fixed frequency PWM mode or in a hysteretic mode.  
Switch-over from PWM to hysteretic mode improves the  
converters’ efficiency at light loads and prolongs battery run  
time. In hysteretic mode, comparators are synchronized to  
the main clock that allows seamless transition between the  
operational modes and reduced channel-to-channel interac-  
tion. The hysteretic mode of operation can be inhibited inde-  
pendently for each channel if variable frequency operation is  
not desired.  
Figure 6. Noise-susceptible 180° phasing for DDR1  
In-phase operation is optimal to reduce inter-converter inter-  
ference when VIN is higher than 5V, (when VIN is from a  
battery), as can be seen in Figure 7. Since the duty cycle  
of PWM1 (generating VDDQ) is short, it’s switching point  
occurs far away from the decision point for the VTT  
regulator, whose duty cycle is nominally 50ꢀ.  
The FAN5236 can be configured to operate as a complete  
DDR solution. When the DDR pin is set high, the second  
channel can provide the capability to track the output voltage  
of the first channel. The PWM2 converter is prevented from  
going into hysteretic mode if the DDR pin is set high. In  
DDR mode, a buffered reference voltage (buffered voltage of  
the REF2 pin), required by DDR memory chips, is provided  
by the PG2 pin.  
CLK  
VDDQ  
VTT  
Figure 7. Optimal In-Phase operation for DDR1  
Converter Modes and Synchronization  
When VIN 5V, 180° phase shifted operation can be  
rejected for the same reasons demonstrated Figure 6.  
In-phase operation with VIN 5V is even worse, since the  
switch point of either converter occurs near the switch point  
of the other converter as seen in Figure 8. In this case, as  
VIN is a little higher than 5V it will tend to cause early  
termination of the VTT pulse width. Conversely, VTT’s  
switch point can cause early termination of the VDDQ pulse  
width when VIN is slightly lower than 5V.  
Table 3. Converter modes and Synchronization  
DDR  
Pin  
PWM 2 w.r.t.  
PWM1  
Mode VIN  
VIN Pin  
DDR1 Battery VIN  
HIGH IN PHASE  
DDR2 +5V  
DUAL ANY  
R to GND HIGH + 90°  
VIN  
LOW + 180°  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
9
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
When SS reaches 1.5V, the Power Good outputs are enabled  
and hysteretic mode is allowed. The converter is forced into  
PWM mode during soft start.  
CLK  
VDDQ  
Operation Mode Control  
VTT  
The mode-control circuit changes the converter’s mode of  
operation from PWM to Hysteretic and visa versa, based on  
the voltage polarity of the SW node when the lower MOS-  
FET is conducting and just before the upper MOSFET turns  
on. For continuous inductor current, the SW node is negative  
when the lower MOSFET is conducting and the converters  
operate in fixed-frequency PWM mode as shown in Figure  
10. This mode of operation achieves high efficiency at nomi-  
nal load. When the load current decreases to the point where  
the inductor current flows through the lower MOSFET in the  
‘reverse’ direction, the SW node becomes positive, and the  
mode is changed to hysteretic, which achieves higher effi-  
ciency at low currents by decreasing the effective switching  
frequency.  
Figure 8. Noise-susceptible In-Phase operation for DDR2  
These problems are nicely solved by delaying the 2nd con-  
verter’s clock by 90° as shown in Figure 9. In this way, all  
switching transitions in one converter take place far away  
from the decision points of the other converter.  
CLK  
VDDQ  
VTT  
To prevent accidental mode change or "mode chatter" the  
transition from PWM to Hysteretic mode occurs when the  
SW node is positive for eight consecutive clock cycles (see  
Figure 10). The polarity of the SW node is sampled at the  
end of the lower MOSFET’s conduction time. At the transi-  
tion between PWM and hysteretic mode both the upper and  
lower MOSFETs are turned off. The phase node will ‘ring’  
based on the output inductor and the parasitic capacitance on  
the phase node and settle out at the value of the output volt-  
age.  
Figure 9. Optimal 90° phasing for DDR2  
Initialization and Soft Start  
Assuming EN is high, FAN5236 is initialized when VCC  
exceeds the rising UVLO threshold. Should VCC drop  
below the UVLO threshold, an internal Power-On Reset  
function disables the chip.  
The voltage at the positive input of the error amplifier is lim-  
ited by the voltage at the SS pin which is charged with a 5µA  
current source. Once CSS has charged to VREF (0.9V) the  
output voltage will be in regulation. The time it takes SS to  
reach 0.9V is:  
The boundary value of inductor current, where current  
becomes discontinuous, can be estimated by the following  
expression.  
(VIN – VOUT)VOUT  
(2)  
ILOAD(DIS) = --------------------------------------------------  
2FSWLOUTVIN  
0.9 × CSS  
(1)  
T0.9 = -----------------------  
5
where T0.9 is in seconds if CSS is in µF.  
VCORE  
PWM Mode  
1
Hysteretic Mode  
I L  
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VCORE  
Hysteretic Mode  
3
PWM Mode  
I L  
0
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
Figure 10. Transitioning between PWM and Hysteretic Mode  
10  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
The switching frequency is primarily a function of:  
Hysteretic Mode  
Conversely, the transition from Hysteretic mode to PWM  
mode occurs when the SW node is negative for 8 consecutive  
cycles.  
1. Spread between the two hysteretic thresholds  
2. ILOAD  
3. Output Inductor and Capacitor ESR  
A sudden increase in the output current will also cause a  
change from hysteretic to PWM mode. This load increase  
causes an instantaneous decrease in the output voltage due to  
the voltage drop on the output capacitor ESR. If the load  
causes the output voltage (as presented at VSNS) to drop  
below the hysteretic regulation level (20mV below VREF),  
the mode is changed to PWM on the next clock cycle.  
A transition back to PWM (Continuous Conduction Mode or  
CCM) mode occurs when the inductor current rises suffi-  
ciently to stay positive for 8 consecutive cycles. This occurs  
when:  
VHYSTERESIS  
(3)  
ILOAD(CCM) = ---------------------------------------  
2 ESR  
In hysteretic mode, the PWM comparator and the error  
amplifier that provide control in PWM mode are inhibited  
and the hysteretic comparator is activated. In hysteretic  
mode the low side MOSFET is operated as a synchronous  
rectifier, where the voltage across ( VDS(ON) ) it is monitored,  
and it is switched off when VDS(ON) goes positive (current  
flowing back from the load) allowing the diode to block  
reverse conduction.  
where VHYSTERESIS = 15mV and ESR is the equivalent  
series resistance of COUT  
.
Because of the different control mechanisms, the value of the  
load current where transition into CCM operation takes place  
is typically higher compared to the load level at which transi-  
tion into hysteretic mode occurs. Hysteretic mode can be  
disabled by setting the FPWM pin low.  
The hysteretic comparator initiates a PFM signal to turn on  
HDRV at the rising edge of the next oscillator clock, when  
the output voltage (at VSNS) falls below the lower threshold  
(10mV below VREF) and terminates the PFM signal when  
VSNS rises over the higher threshold (5mV above VREF).  
0.17pf  
S/H  
17pf  
1.5M  
300K  
4.14K  
V to I  
VSEN  
RSENSE  
ISNS  
in +  
in ñ  
I1A =  
ISNS  
I1B =  
ISNS  
9
TO PWM COMP  
LDRV  
PGND  
Reference and  
Soft Start  
RILIM  
SS  
ILIM  
CSS  
0.9V  
2.5V  
4 * ILIM  
3
I2 =  
ILIM det.  
ILIM mirror  
Figure 11. Current Limit / Summing Circuits  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
11  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Current Processing Section  
The following discussion refers to Figure 11.  
Q2  
LDRV  
ISNS  
The current through RSENSE resistor (ISNS) is sampled  
shortly after Q2 is turned on. That current is held, and  
summed with the output of the error amplifier. This effec-  
tively creates a current mode control loop. The resistor con-  
nected to ISNSx pin (RSENSE) sets the gain in the current  
feedback loop. For stable operation, the voltage induced by  
the current feedback at the PWM comparator input should be  
set to 30ꢀ of the ramp amplitude at maximum load currrent  
and line voltage. The following expression estimates the  
recommended value of RSENSE as a function of the maxi-  
mum load current (ILOAD(MAX)) and the value of the  
RSENSE  
PGND  
Figure 12. Improving current sensing accuracy  
More accurate sensing can be achieved by using a resistor  
(R1) instead of the RDS(ON) of the FET as shown in Figure  
12. This approach causes higher losses, but yields greater  
accuracy in both VDROOP and ILIMIT. R1 is a low value  
(e.g. 10m) resistor.  
MOSFET’s RDS(ON)  
:
I
LOAD(MAX) RDS(ON) 4.1K  
0.30 0.125 VIN(MAX)  
(4a)  
(4b)  
RSENSE = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- – 1 0 0  
Current limit (ILIMIT) should be set sufficiently high as to  
allow inductor current to rise in response to an output load  
transient. Typically, a factor of 1.3 is sufficient. In addition,  
since ILIMIT is a peak current cut-off value, we will need to  
multiply ILOAD(MAX) by the inductor ripple current (we’ll  
use 25ꢀ). For example, in Figure 5 the target for ILIMIT  
would be:  
RSENSE must, however, be kept higher than:  
I
LOAD(MAX) RDS(ON)  
RSENSE(MIN) = ----------------------------------------------------------- – 1 0 0  
150µA  
Setting the Current Limit  
I
> 1.2 × 1.25 × 1.6 × 6A 14A  
(6)  
LIMIT  
A ratio of ISNS is also compared to the current established  
when a 0.9 V internal reference drives the ILIM pin. The  
threshold is determined at the point  
Duty Cycle Clamp  
During severe load increase, the error amplifier output can  
go to its upper limit pushing a duty cycle to almost 100ꢀ for  
significant amount of time. This could cause a large increase  
of the inductor current and lead to a long recovery from a  
transient, over-current condition, or even to a failure espe-  
cially at high input voltages. To prevent this, the output of  
the error amplifier is clamped to a fixed value after two clock  
cycles if severe output voltage excursion is detected, limiting  
the maximum duty cycle to  
ISNS ILIM × 4  
when the  
. Since  
------------- ----------------------  
>
9
3
ILOAD × RDS(ON)  
ISNS = ------------------------------------------- therefore,  
100 + RSENSE  
9 × (100 + RSENSE  
)
0.9V  
RILIM  
4
3
(5a)  
(5b)  
-------------- -- ------------------------------------------------  
ILIMIT  
=
×
×
RDS(ON)  
or  
(100 + RSENSE  
)
11.2  
ILIMIT  
VOUT  
2.4  
---------------- ---------------------------------------  
RILIM  
=
×
RDS(ON)  
DCMAX = -------------- + ---------  
VIN  
VIN  
Since the tolerance on the current limit is largely dependent  
on the ratio of the external resistors it is fairly accurate if the  
voltage drop on the Switching Node side of RSENSE is an  
accurate representation of the load current. When using the  
MOSFET as the sensing element, the variation of RDS(ON)  
causes proportional variation in the ISNS. This value not  
only varies from device to device, but also has a typical junc-  
tion temperature coefficient of about 0.4ꢀ / °C (consult the  
MOSFET datasheet for actual values), so the actual current  
limit set point will decrease propotional to increasing  
MOSFET die temperature. A factor of 1.6 in the current  
limit setpoint should compensate for all MOSFET RDS(ON)  
variations, assuming the MOSFET’s heat sinking will keep  
its operating die temperature below 125°C.  
This circuit is designed to not interfere with normal PWM  
operation. When FPWM is grounded, the duty cycle clamp  
is disabled and the maximum duty cycle is 87ꢀ.  
Gate Driver section  
The Adaptive gate control logic translates the internal PWM  
control signal into the MOSFET gate drive signals providing  
necessary amplification, level shifting and shoot-through  
protection. Also, it has functions that help optimize the IC  
performance over a wide range of operating conditions.  
Since MOSFET switching time can vary dramatically from  
type to type and with the input voltage, the gate control logic  
provides adaptive dead time by monitoring the gate-to-  
source voltages of both upper and lower MOSFETs.  
12  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
The lower MOSFET drive is not turned on until the gate-to-  
source voltage of the upper MOSFET has decreased to less  
than approximately 1 volt. Similarly, the upper MOSFET is  
not turned on until the gate-to-source voltage of the lower  
MOSFET has decreased to less than approximately 1 volt.  
This allows a wide variety of upper and lower MOSFETs to  
be used without a concern for simultaneous conduction, or  
shoot-through.  
C2  
C1  
R2  
R1  
VIN  
EA Out  
REF  
There must be a low-resistance, low-inductance path  
between the driver pin and the MOSFET gate for the adap-  
tive dead-time circuit to work properly. Any delay along that  
path will subtract from the delay generated by the adaptive  
dead-time circit and shoot-through may occur.  
C
o
n
v
e
rr  
e
o
r
r a  
t
er  
m
p
modulator  
18  
14  
0
Frequency Loop Compensation  
FP0  
FZ  
FP  
Due to the implemented current mode control, the modulator  
has a single pole response with -1 slope at frequency deter-  
mined by load  
Figure 13. Compensation  
1
FPO = ---------------------  
(7)  
Conditional stability may occur only when the main load  
pole is positioned too much to the left side on the frequency  
axis due to excessive output filter capacitance. In this case,  
the ESR zero placed within the 10kHz...50kHz range gives  
some additional phase ‘boost’. Fortunately, there is an oppo-  
site trend in mobile applications to keep the output capacitor  
as small as possible.  
2πROCO  
where RO is load resistance, CO is load capacitance.  
For this type of modulator, Type 2 compensation circuit is  
usually sufficient. To reduce the number of external compo-  
nents and simplify the design task, the PWM controller has  
an internally compensated error amplifier. Figure 13 shows a  
Type 2 amplifier and its response along with the responses of  
a current mode modulator and of the converter. The Type 2  
amplifier, in addition to the pole at the origin, has a zero-pole  
pair that causes a flat gain region at frequencies between the  
zero and the pole.  
If a larger inductor value or low ESR values are called for by  
the application, additional phase margin can be achieved by  
putting a zero at the LC crossover frequency. This can be  
achieved with a capacitor across across the feedback resistor  
(e.g. R5 from Figure 5) as shown below.  
L(OUT)  
VOUT  
C(OUT)  
1
(8a)  
(8b)  
FZ = ------------------- = 6kHz  
2πR2C1  
R5 C(Z)  
R6  
1
VSEN  
FP = ------------------- = 600kHz  
2πR2C2  
This region is also associated with phase ‘bump’ or reduced  
phase shift. The amount of phase shift reduction depends the  
width of the region of flat gain and has a maximum value of  
90 degrees. To further simplify the converter compensation,  
the modulator gain is kept independent of the input voltage  
variation by providing feed-forward of VIN to the oscillator  
ramp.  
Figure 14. Improving Phase Margin  
The optimal value of C(Z) is:  
L(OUT) × C(OUT)  
C(Z) = ------------------------------------------------------  
R5  
(9)  
The zero frequency, the amplifier high frequency gain and  
the modulator gain are chosen to satisfy most typical appli-  
cations. The crossover frequency will appear at the point  
where the modulator attenuation equals the amplifier high  
frequency gain. The only task that the system designer has to  
complete is to specify the output filter capacitors to position  
the load main pole somewhere within one decade lower than  
the amplifier zero frequency. With this type of compensation  
plenty of phase margin is easily achieved due to zero-pole  
pair phase ‘boost’.  
Protection  
The converter output is monitored and protected against  
extreme overload, short circuit, over-voltage and under-  
voltage conditions.  
A sustained overload on an output sets the PGx pin low and  
latches-off the whole chip. Operation can be restored by  
cycling the VCC voltage or by toggling the EN pin.  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
13  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
If VOUT drops below the under-voltage threshold, the chip  
shuts down immediately.  
Design and Component Selection  
Guidelines  
As an initial step, define operating input voltage range, out-  
put voltage, minimum and maximum load currents for the  
controller.  
Over-Current sensing  
If the circuit’s current limit signal (“ILIM det” as shown in  
Figure 11) is high at the beginning of a clock cycle, a pulse-  
skipping circuit is activated and HDRV is inhibited. The  
circuit continues to pulse skip in this manner for the next 8  
clock cycles. If at any time from the 9th to the 16th clock  
cycle, the “ILIM det” is again reached, the over-current  
protection latch is set, disabling the the chip. If “ILIM det”  
does not occur between cycle 9 and 16, normal operation is  
restored and the over-current circuit resets itself.  
Setting the Output Voltage  
The interal reference is 0.9V. The output is divided down by  
a voltage divider to the VSEN pin (for example, R5 and R6  
in Figure 4). The output voltage therefore is:  
V
OUT – 0.9V  
----------- = --------------------------------  
R6 R5  
0.9V  
(10a)  
To minimize noise pickup on this node, keep the resistor to  
GND (R6) below 2K. We selected R6 at 1.82K. Then choose  
R5:  
PGOOD  
1
2
8 CLK  
IL  
(1.82K)(VOUT – 0.9)  
(10b)  
R5 = ----------------------------------------------------- = 3 . 2 4 K  
SHUTDOWN  
0.9  
VOUT  
For DDR applications converting from 3.3V to 2.5V, or other  
applications requiring high duty cycles, the duty cycle clamp  
must be disabled by tying the converter’s FPWM to GND.  
When converter’s FPWM is GND, the converter’s maximum  
duty cycle will be greater than 90ꢀ. When using as a DDR  
converter with 3.3V input, set up the converter for In-Phase  
synchronization by tying the VIN pin to +5V.  
3
CH1 5.0V  
CH2 2.0AΩ  
CH2 100mV  
M 10.0µs  
Figure 15. Over-Current protection waveforms  
Output Inductor Selection  
The minimum practical output inductor value is the one that  
keeps inductor current just on the boundary of continuous  
conduction at some minimum load. The industry standard  
practice is to choose the minimum current somewhere from  
15ꢀ to 35ꢀ of the nominal current. At light load, the  
controller can automatically switch to hysteretic mode of  
operation to sustain high efficiency. The following equations  
help to choose the proper value of the output filter inductor.  
Over-Voltage / Under-voltage Protection  
Should the VSNS voltage exceed 120ꢀ of VREF (0.9V) due  
to an upper MOSFET failure, or for other reasons, the over-  
voltage protection comparator will force LDRV high. This  
action actively pulls down the output voltage and, in the  
event of the upper MOSFET failure, will eventually blow the  
battery fuse. As soon as the output voltage drops below the  
threshold, the OVP comparator is disengaged.  
VOUT  
ESR  
This OVP scheme provides a ‘soft’ crowbar function which  
helps to tackle severe load transients and does not invert the  
output voltage when activated — a common problem for  
latched OVP schemes.  
(11)  
I = 2 × IMIN = ------------------  
where I is the inductor ripple current and VOUT is the  
maximum ripple allowed.  
Similarly, if an output short-circuit or severe load transient  
causes the output to droop to less than 75ꢀ of its regulation  
set point. Should this condition occur, the regulator will shut  
down.  
VIN – VOUT VOUT  
------------------------------ --------------  
L =  
×
(12)  
FSW × ∆I  
VIN  
for this example we’ll use:  
Over-Temperature Protection  
VIN = 20V, VOUT = 2.5V  
I = 20ꢀ * 6A = 1.2A  
FSW = 300KHz.  
The chip incorporates an over temperature protection circuit  
that shuts the chip down when a die temperature of about  
150°C is reached. Normal operation is restored at die  
temperature below 125°C with internal Power On Reset  
asserted, resulting in a full soft-start cycle.  
therefore  
L 6µH  
14  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
therefore:  
Output Capacitor Selection  
The output capacitor serves two major functions in a switch-  
ing power supply. Along with the inductor it filters the  
sequence of pulses produced by the switcher, and it supplies  
the load transient currents. The output capacitor require-  
ments are usually dictated by ESR, Inductor ripple current  
(I) and the allowable ripple voltage (V).  
2
2.5  
------  
16  
2.5  
IRMS = 3.5 ------ –  
16  
= 1.49A  
(17)  
Dual Converter 180° phased  
In Dual mode (Figure 5), both converters contribute to the  
capacitor input ripple current. With each converter operating  
180° out of phase, the RMS currents add in the following  
fashion:  
V  
-------  
ESR <  
(13)  
I  
In addition, the capacitor’s ESR must be low enough to allow  
the converter to stay in regulation during a load step. The  
ripple voltage due to ESR for the converter in Figure 5 is  
120mV P-P. Some additional ripple will appear due to the  
capacitance value itself:  
2
IRMS  
IRMS  
=
=
IRMS(1)2 + IRMS(2) or  
(18a)  
(18b)  
(I1)2(D1 – D12) + (I2)2(D2 – D2  
)
2
which for the dual 3A converters of Figure 5, calculates to:  
IRMS = 1.4A  
I  
V = ----------------------------------------  
(14)  
COUT × 8 × FSW  
which is only about 1.5mV for the converter in Figure 5 and  
can be ignored.  
Power MOSFET Selection  
Losses in a MOSFET are the sum of its switching (PSW) and  
conduction (PCOND) losses.  
The capacitor must also be rated to withstand the RMS  
current which is approximately 0.3 X (I), or about 400mA  
for the converter in Figure 5. High frequency decoupling  
capacitors should be placed as close to the loads as  
physically possible.  
In typical applications, the FAN5236 converter’s output volt-  
age is low with respect to its input voltage, therefore the  
Lower MOSFET (Q2) is conducting the full load current for  
most of the cycle. Q2 should therefore be selected to mini-  
mize conduction losses, thereby selecting a MOSFET with  
Input Capacitor Selection  
The input capacitor should be selected by its ripple current  
rating.  
low RDS(ON)  
.
In contrast, the high-side MOSFET (Q1) has a much shorter  
duty cycle, and it’s conduction loss will therefore have less  
of an impact. Q1, however, sees most of the switching losses,  
so Q1’s primary selection criteria should be gate charge.  
Two-Stage Converter Case  
In DDR mode (Figure 4), the VTT power input is powered  
by the VDDQ output, therefore all of the input capacitor rip-  
ple current is produced by the VDDQ converter. A conserva-  
tive estimate of the output  
High-Side Losses:  
Figure 15 shows a MOSFET’s switching interval, with the  
upper graph being the voltage and current on the Drain to  
Source and the lower graph detailing VGS vs. time with a  
constant current charging the gate. The x-axis therefore is  
current required for the 2.5V regulator is:  
IVTT  
IREG1 = IVDDQ + -----------  
2
also representative of gate charge (QG) . CISS = CGD + CGS  
,
and it controls t1, t2, and t4 timing. CGD receives the current  
from the gate driver during t3 (as VDS is falling). The gate  
charge (QG) parameters on the lower graph are either  
specified or can be derived from MOSFET datasheets.  
As an example, if average IVDDQ is 3A, and average IVTT is  
1A, IVDDQ current will be about 3.5A. If average input volt-  
age is 16V, RMS input ripple current will be:  
IRMS = IOUT(MAX) D – D2  
(15)  
Assuming switching losses are about the same for both the  
rising edge and falling edge, Q1’s switching losses, occur  
during the shaded time when the MOSFET has voltage  
across it and current through it.  
where D is the duty cycle of the PWM1 converter:  
VOUT  
2.5  
= ------  
16  
--------------  
VIN  
(16)  
D <  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
15  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
These losses are given by:  
QG(SW)  
IDRIVER  
QG(SW)  
P
= P + P  
SW COND  
UPPER  
-------------------- ----------------------------------------------------  
tS  
=
(20)  
VCC – VSP  
VDS × IL  
----------------------------------------------  
DRIVER + RGATE  
R
---------------------  
2
PSW  
=
× 2 × tS FSW  
(19a)  
(19b)  
Most MOSFET vendors specify QGD and QGS. QG(SW) can  
be determined as: QG(SW) = QGD + QGS – QTH where QTH is  
the the gate charge required to get the MOSFET to it’s  
threshold (VTH). For the high-side MOSFET, VDS = VIN,  
which can be as high as 20V in a typical portable applica-  
tion. Care should also be taken to include the delivery of the  
MOSFET’s gate power (PGATE ) in calculating the power  
dissipation required for the FAN5236:  
VOUT  
--------------  
PCOND  
=
× IOUT2 × RDS(ON)  
VIN  
PUPPER is the upper MOSFET’s total losses, and PSW and  
COND are the switching and conduction losses for a given  
P
MOSFET. RDS(ON) is at the maximum junction temperature  
(TJ). tS is the switching period (rise or fall time) and is t2+t3  
Figure 15.  
P
= Q × VCC × F  
G SW  
GATE  
(21)  
The driver’s impedance and CISS determine t2 while t3’s  
where QG is the total gate charge to reach VCC.  
period is controlled by the driver’s impedance and QGD  
Since most of tS occurs when VGS = VSP we can use a  
.
constant current assumption for the driver to simplify the  
calculation of tS:  
Low-Side Losses  
Q2, however, switches on or off with its parallel shottky  
diode conducting, therefore VDS 0.5V. Since PSW is  
proportional to VDS , Q2’s switching losses are negligible  
and we can select Q2 based on RDS(ON) only.  
CISS  
CRSS  
CISS  
VDS  
Conduction losses for Q2 are given by:  
PCOND = (1 – D) × IOUT2 × RDS(ON)  
(22)  
ID  
where RDS(ON) is the RDS(ON) of the MOSFET at the highest  
operating junction temperature and  
QGS  
QGD  
VGS  
VOUT  
4.5V  
D = --------------  
is the minimum duty cycle for the converter.  
VIN  
VSP  
VTH  
Since DMIN < 20ꢀ for portable computers, (1-D) 1  
produces a conservative result, further simplifying the  
calculation.  
QG(SW)  
t1  
CISS = CGS || CGD  
t2  
t3  
t4  
t5  
The maximum power dissipation (PD(MAX) ) is a function of  
the maximum allowable die temperature of the low-side  
MOSFET, the θJ-A, and the maximum allowable ambient  
temperature rise:  
Figure 16. Switching losses and QG  
T
J(MAX) – TA(MAX)  
PD(MAX) = -------------------------------------------------  
θJ – A  
VIN  
(23)  
5V  
CGD  
RD  
RGATE  
θ
J-A, depends primarily on the amount of PCB area that can  
HDRV  
SW  
G
be devoted to heat sinking (see FSC app note AN-1029 for  
SO-8 MOSFET thermal information).  
CGS  
Figure 17. Drive Equivalent Circuit  
16  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
Keep the wiring traces from the IC to the MOSFET gate and  
source as short as possible and capable of handling peak  
currents of 2A. Minimize the area within the gate-source  
path to reduce stray inductance and eliminate parasitic ring-  
ing at the gate.  
Layout Considerations  
Switching converters, even during normal operation,  
produce short pulses of current which could cause substan-  
tial ringing and be a source of EMI if layout constrains are  
not observed.  
Locate small critical components like the soft-start capacitor  
and current sense resistors as close as possible to the respec-  
tive pins of the IC.  
There are two sets of critical components in a DC-DC  
converter. The switching power components process large  
amounts of energy at high rate and are noise generators. The  
low power components responsible for bias and feedback  
functions are sensitive to noise.  
The FAN5236 utilizes advanced packaging technologies  
with lead pitches of 0.6mm. High performance analog semi-  
conductors utilizing narrow lead spacing may require special  
considerations in PWB design and manufacturing. It is  
critical to maintain proper cleanliness of the area surround-  
ing these devices. It is not recommended to use any type of  
rosin or acid core solder, or the use of flux in either the  
manufacturing or touch up process as these may contribute  
to corrosion or enable electromigration and/or eddy currents  
near the sensitive low current signals. When chemicals such  
as these are used on or near the PWB, it is suggested that the  
entire PWB be cleaned and dried completely before applying  
power.  
A multi-layer printed circuit board is recommended. Dedi-  
cate one solid layer for a ground plane. Dedicate another  
solid layer as a power plane and break this plane into smaller  
islands of common voltage levels.  
Notice all the nodes that are subjected to high dV/dt voltage  
swing such as SW, HDRV and LDRV, for example. All  
surrounding circuitry will tend to couple the signals from  
these nodes through stray capacitance. Do not oversize  
copper traces connected to these nodes. Do not place traces  
connected to the feedback components adjacent to these  
traces. It is not recommended to use High Density Intercon-  
nect Systems, or micro-vias on these signals. The use of  
blind or buried vias should be limited to the low current  
signals only. The use of normal thermal vias is left to the  
discretion of the designer.  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
17  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Mechanical Dimensions  
28-Pin QSOP  
Notes:  
Inches  
Millimeters  
Symbol  
Notes  
1. Symbols are defined in the "MO Series Symbol List" in  
Section 2.2 of Publication Number 95.  
Min.  
Max.  
Min.  
Max.  
A
0.053  
0.004  
-
0.069  
0.010  
0.061  
0.012  
0.010  
0.394  
0.157  
1.35  
0.10  
-
1.75  
0.25  
1.54  
0.30  
0.25  
10.00  
3.98  
2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.  
A1  
A2  
B
3. Dimension "D" does not include mold flash, protrusions  
or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusions shall not exceed  
0.25mm (0.010 inch) per side.  
0.008  
0.007  
0.386  
0.150  
0.20  
0.18  
9.81  
3.81  
9
4. Dimension "E" does not include interlead flash or  
protrusions. Interlead flash and protrusions shall not  
exceed 0.25mm (0.010 inch) per side.  
C
D
E
3
4
5. The chamber on the body is optional. If it is not present,  
a visual index feature must be located within the  
crosshatched area.  
e
0.025 BSC  
0.635 BSC  
H
h
0.228  
0.244  
5.80  
0.26  
0.41  
6.19  
0.49  
1.27  
0.0099 0.0196  
5
6
7
6. "L" is the length of terminal for soldering to a substrate.  
7. "N" is the maximum number of terminals.  
0.016  
0.050  
L
N
α
28  
28  
8. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only.  
0°  
8°  
0°  
8°  
9. Dimension "B" does not include dambar protrusion.  
Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.10mm (0.004  
inch) total in excess of "B" dimension at maximum  
material condition.  
10. Controlling dimension: INCHES. Converted millimeter  
dimensions are not necessarily exact.  
D
E
H
C
A1  
A
A2  
α
SEATING  
PLANE  
– C –  
L
B
LEAD COPLANARITY  
ccc C  
e
18  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
FAN5236  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
Mechanical Dimensions  
28-Pin TSSOP  
9.7 0.1  
0.51 TYP  
28  
15  
– B –  
0.2  
B A  
0.65  
0.42  
14  
ALL Lead Tips  
PIN # 1 IDENT  
LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION  
1.2 MAX  
0.1 C  
ALL LEAD TIPS  
+0.15  
–0.10  
0.90  
See Detail A  
0.09–0.20  
– C –  
0.10 0.05  
C
0.65  
0.19–0.30  
0.13  
A B  
12.00° Top & Botom  
R0.16  
R0.31  
GAGE PLANE  
.025  
DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS  
0°–8°  
0.61 0.1  
NOTES:  
SEATING PLANE  
A. Conforms to JEDEC registration MO-153, variation AB,  
Ref. Note 6, dated 7/93.  
1.00  
B. Dimensions are in millimeters.  
C. Dimensions are exclusive of burrs, mold flash, and tie bar extensions.  
D Dimensions and Tolerances per ANsI Y14.5M, 1982  
DETAIL A  
REV. 1.1.7 4/4/03  
19  
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION  
FAN5236  
Ordering Information  
Part Number  
FAN5236QSC  
FAN5236QSCX  
FAN5236MTC  
FAN5236MTCX  
Temperature Range  
-10°C to 85°C  
Package  
QSOP-28  
QSOP-28  
TSSOP-28  
TSSOP-28  
Packing  
Rails  
-10°C to 85°C  
Tape and Reel  
Rails  
-10°C to 85°C  
-10°C to 85°C  
Tape and Reel  
DISCLAIMER  
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO  
ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME  
ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN;  
NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.  
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY  
FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES  
OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR  
CORPORATION. As used herein:  
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems  
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or  
(b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform  
when properly used in accordance with instructions for use  
provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to  
result in a significant injury of the user.  
2. A critical component in any component of a life support  
device or system whose failure to perform can be  
reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support  
device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
4/4/03 0.0m 004  
Stock#DS30005236  
2002 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  

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