GE28F128W18BD65 [INTEL]
Flash, 8MX16, 65ns, PBGA56;
| 型号： | GE28F128W18BD65 |
| 厂家： | 
INTEL |
| 描述： | Flash, 8MX16, 65ns, PBGA56 |
| 文件： | 总100页 (文件大小：1178K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
28F320W18, 28F640W18, 28F128W18
Datasheet
Product Features
■ High Performance Read-While-Write/
Erase
■ Architecture
—Multiple 4-Mbit Partitions
—Dual Operation: RWW or RWE
—8KB parameter blocks
—64KB main blocks
—Top or Bottom Parameter Devices
—16-bit wide data bus
—Burst frequency at 66 MHz
—60 ns Initial Access Read Speed
—11 ns Burst-Mode Read Speed
—20 ns Page-Mode Read Speed
—4-, 8-, 16-, and Continuous-Word Burst
Mode Reads
—Burst and Page Mode Reads in all
Blocks, across all partition boundaries
—Burst Suspend Feature
■ Software
—5 µs (typ.) Program and Erase Suspend
Latency Time
—Flash Data Integrator (FDI) and Common
Flash Interface (CFI) Compatible
—Programmable WAIT Signal Polarity
—Enhanced Factory Programming at
3.1 µs/word (typ.for 0.13 µm)
■ Security
■ Packaging and Power
—0.13 µm: 32-, 64-, and 128-Mbit in VF
BGA Package; 128-Mbit in QUAD+
Package
—128-bit Protection Register
—64-bits Unique Programmed by Intel
—64-bits User-Programmable
—Absolute Write Protection with VPP at
Ground
—Individual and Instantaneous Block
Locking/Unlocking with Lock-Down
Capability
—0.18 µm: 32- and 128-Mbit Densities in
VF BGA Package; 64-Mbit Density in
µBGA* Package
—56 Active Ball Matrix, 0.75 mm Ball-
Pitch
■ Quality and Reliability
—VCC = 1.70 V to 1.95 V
—VCCQ = 1.70 V to 2.24 V or 1.35 V to
1.80 V
—Standby current (0.13 µm): 8µA (typ.)
—Read current: 7mA (typ.)
—Temperature Range: –40 °C to +85 °C
—100k Erase Cycles per Block
—0.13 µm ETOX™ VIII Process
—0.18 µm ETOX™ VII Process
The Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18) device with flexible multi-partition dual operation,
provides high-performance asynchronous and synchronous burst reads. It is an ideal memory for
low-voltage burst CPUs. Combining high read performance with flash memory’s intrinsic non-
volatility, the W18 device eliminates the traditional system-performance paradigm of shadowing
redundant code memory from slow nonvolatile storage to faster execution memory. It reduces
the total memory requirement that increases reliability and reduces overall system power
consumption and cost.
The W18 device’s flexible multi-partition architecture allows programming or erasing to occur
in one partition while reading from another partition. This allows for higher data write
throughput compared to single partition architectures. The dual-operation architecture also
allows two processors to interleave code operations while program and erase operations take
place in the background. The designer can also choose the size of the code and data partitions via
the flexible multi-partition architecture.
Notice: This document contains information on new products in production. The specifications
are subject to change without notice. Verify with your local Intel sales office that you have the
latest datasheet before finalizing a design.
290701-010
May, 2004
INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY
ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN
INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES
RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications.
Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
The 1.8 Volt Intel® wireless flash memory datasheet may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate
from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature may be obtained by calling 1-800-
548-4725 or by visiting Intel's website at http://www.intel.com.
Copyright © 2003, Intel Corporation.
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
2
Datasheet
Contents
Contents
1.0 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................9
1.1
1.2
1.3
Document Purpose...............................................................................................................9
Nomenclature .......................................................................................................................9
Conventions..........................................................................................................................9
2.0 Functional Overview ............................................................................................................11
2.1 Memory Map and Partitioning.............................................................................................12
3.0 Package Information ............................................................................................................15
4.0 Ballout and Signal Descriptions......................................................................................20
4.1
Signal Descriptions .............................................................................................................22
5.0 Maximum Ratings and Operating Conditions ...........................................................23
5.1
5.2
Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................................23
Operating Conditions ..........................................................................................................23
6.0 Electrical Specifications.....................................................................................................24
6.1
6.2
DC Current Characteristics (.13 µ and .18 µµ).................................................................24
DC Voltage Characteristics.................................................................................................26
7.0 AC Characteristics................................................................................................................28
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
AC I/O Test Conditions .......................................................................................................28
Device Capacitance............................................................................................................29
Read Operations – .13 µµ Λιτηογραπηψ ............................................................................30
Read Operations – .18 µµ Λιτηογραπηψ ............................................................................32
AC Write Operations...........................................................................................................42
Erase and Program Times..................................................................................................47
8.0 Power and Reset Specifications .....................................................................................47
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Active Power.......................................................................................................................48
Automatic Power Savings (APS) ........................................................................................48
Standby Power ...................................................................................................................48
Power-Up/Down Characteristics.........................................................................................48
8.4.1 System Reset and RST# .......................................................................................48
8.4.2 VCC, VPP, and RST# Transitions .........................................................................49
Power Supply Decoupling...................................................................................................49
Reset Specifications ...........................................................................................................49
8.5
8.6
9.0 Device Operations.................................................................................................................50
9.1
Bus Operations ...................................................................................................................50
9.1.1 Read ......................................................................................................................51
9.1.2 Burst Suspend .......................................................................................................51
9.1.3 Standby..................................................................................................................52
9.1.4 Reset .....................................................................................................................52
9.1.5 Write ......................................................................................................................52
Device Commands .............................................................................................................53
Command Sequencing .......................................................................................................56
9.2
9.3
Datasheet
3
Contents
10.0 Read Operations.................................................................................................................... 57
10.1 Read Array.......................................................................................................................... 57
10.2 Read Device ID................................................................................................................... 57
10.3 Read Query (CFI) ............................................................................................................... 58
10.4 Read Status Register.......................................................................................................... 58
10.5 Clear Status Register.......................................................................................................... 60
11.0 Program Operations.............................................................................................................60
11.1 Word Program .................................................................................................................... 60
11.2 Factory Programming .........................................................................................................61
11.3 Enhanced Factory Program (EFP) ..................................................................................... 62
11.3.1 EFP Requirements and Considerations ................................................................ 62
11.3.2 Setup ..................................................................................................................... 63
11.3.3 Program................................................................................................................. 63
11.3.4 Verify...................................................................................................................... 63
11.3.5 Exit......................................................................................................................... 64
12.0 Program and Erase Operations.......................................................................................66
12.1 Program/Erase Suspend and Resume............................................................................... 66
12.2 Block Erase......................................................................................................................... 68
12.3 Read-While-Write and Read-While-Erase.......................................................................... 70
13.0 Security Modes.......................................................................................................................71
13.1 Block Lock Operations........................................................................................................71
13.1.1 Lock .......................................................................................................................72
13.1.2 Unlock.................................................................................................................... 72
13.1.3 Lock-Down.............................................................................................................72
13.1.4 Block Lock Status ..................................................................................................73
13.1.5 Lock During Erase Suspend.................................................................................. 73
13.1.6 Status Register Error Checking .............................................................................73
13.1.7 WP# Lock-Down Control .......................................................................................74
13.2 Protection Register .............................................................................................................74
13.2.1 Reading the Protection Register............................................................................75
13.2.2 Programing the Protection Register....................................................................... 75
13.2.3 Locking the Protection Register.............................................................................76
13.3 VPP Protection ................................................................................................................... 77
14.0 Set Configuration Register................................................................................................ 78
14.1 Read Mode (CR[15])...........................................................................................................80
14.2 First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11]) ............................................................................80
14.2.1 Latency Count Settings.......................................................................................... 81
14.3 WAIT Signal Polarity (CR[10]) ............................................................................................ 82
14.4 WAIT Signal Function.........................................................................................................82
14.5 Data Hold (CR[9]) ............................................................................................................... 83
14.6 WAIT Delay (CR[8])............................................................................................................84
14.7 Burst Sequence (CR[7])...................................................................................................... 84
14.8 Clock Edge (CR[6]).............................................................................................................86
14.9 Burst Wrap (CR[3]) .............................................................................................................86
14.10 Burst Length (CR[2:0])........................................................................................................ 86
Appendix A Write State Machine States...............................................................................87
4
Datasheet
Contents
Appendix B Common Flash Interface....................................................................................90
Appendix C Ordering Information ...........................................................................................99
Datasheet
5
Contents
Revision History
Date of
Version
Revision
Description
09/13/00
-001
Initial Release
Deleted 16-Mbit density
Revised ADV#, Section 2.2
Revised Protection Registers, Section 4.16
Revised Program Protection Register, Section 4.18
Revised Example in First Access Latency Count, Section 5.0.2
Revised Figure 5, Data Output with LC Setting at Code 3
Added WAIT Signal Function, Section 5.0.3
Revised WAIT Signal Polarity, Section 5.0.4
Revised Data Output Configuration, Section 5.0.5
Added Figure 7, Data Output Configuration with WAIT Signal Delay
Revised WAIT Delay Configuration, Section 5.0.6
Changed V
Spec from 1.7 V – 1.95 V to 1.7 V – 2.24 V in Section 8.2,
CCQ
Extended Temperature Operation
Changed I
Characteristics
Spec from 15 µA to 18 µA in Section 8.4, DC
CCS
01/29/01
-002
Changed I
Spec from 10 mA (CLK = 40 MHz, burst length = 4) and 13
CCR
mA (CLK = 52 MHz, burst length = 4) to 13 mA, and 16 mA respectively in
Section 8.4, DC Characteristics
Changed I
Characteristics
Spec from 15 µA to 18 µA in Section 8.4, DC
Spec from 15 µA to 18 µA in Section 8.4, DC
Spec from 5ns to 3ns in Section 8.6, AC Read
CCWS
Changed I
Characteristics
CCES
Changed t
Characteristics
CHQX
Added Figure 25, WAIT Signal in Synchronous Non-Read Array Operation
Waveform
Added Figure 26, WAIT Signal in Asynchronous Page Mode Read
Operation Waveform
Added Figure 27, WAIT Signal in Asynchronous Single Word Read
Operation Waveform
Revised Appendix E, Ordering Information
Revised entire Section 4.10, Enhanced Factory Program Command (EFP)
and Figure 6, Enhanced Factory Program Flowchart
Revised Section 4.13, Protection Register
Revised Section 4.15, Program Protection Register
Revised Section 7.3, Capacitance, to include 128-Mbit specs
Revised Section 7.4, DC Characteristics, to include 128-Mbit specs
06/12/01
-003
Revised Section 7.6, AC Read Characteristics, to include 128-Mbit device
specifications
Added t
Spec in Section 7.6, AC Read Characteristics
VHGL
Revised Section 7.7, AC Write Characteristics, to include 128-Mbit device
specifications
Minor text edits
6
Datasheet
Contents
Date of
Revision
Version
Description
New Sections Organization
Added 16 Word Burst Feature
Added Burst Suspend Section
Revised Block Locking State Diagram
Revised Active Power Section
Revised Automatic Power Savings Section
Revised Power-Up/Down Operation Section
Revised Extended Temperature Operation
Added 128Mb DC Characteristics Table
Added 128 Mb AC Read Characteristics
04/05/02
-004
Revised Table 17. Test Configuration Component Values for Worst Case
Speed Conditions
Added .13 µ Product DC and AC Read Characteristics
Revised AC Write Characteristics
Added Read to Write and Write to Read Transition Waveforms
Revised Reset Specifications
Various text edits
Various text edits
Updated Latency Count Section, including adding Latency Count Tables
Added section 8.4 WAIT Function and WAIT Summary Table
Updated Package Drawing and Dimensions
10/10/02
11/12/02
01/14/03
-005
-006
-007
Various text clarifications
Removed Intel Burst Order
Revised Table 22, DC Current Characteristics, I
Revised Table 22, DC Current Characteristics, I
Various text edits
CCS
CCAPS
Revised Table 22, Read Operations, t
APA
03/21/03
-008
Added note to table 15, Configuration Register Descriptions
Added note to section 3.1.1, Read
Updated Block-Lock Operations (Section 7.1 and Figure 11)
Updated Table 21 (128Mb I
)
CCR
12/17/03
05/14/04
-009
-010
Updated Table 4 (WAIT behavior)
Added QUAD+ ballout, package mechanicals, and order information
Various text edits including latest product-naming convention
Restructured the document content to match current format.
Datasheet
7
Contents
8
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Document Purpose
This datasheet contains information about the 1.8 Volt Intel® Wireless Flash memory (W18) device
family. Section 1.0 provides a flash memory overview. Section 2.0 through Section 8.0 describe the
memory functionality. Section 5.0 describes the electrical specifications for extended temperature
product offerings. Packaging specifications and order information can be found in Appendix C and
Appendix C, respectively.
1.2
Nomenclature
Many acronyms that describe product features or usage are defined here:
• APS - Automatic Power Savings
• BBA - Block Base Address
• CFI - Common Flash Interface
• CUI - Command User Interface
• EFP - Enhanced Factory Programming
• FDI - Flash Data Integrator
• NC - No Connect
• OTP - One-Time Programmable
• PBA - Partition Base Address
• RWE - Read-While-Erase
• RWW - Read-While-Write
• SRD - Status Register Data
• VF BGA - Very thin, Fine pitch, Ball Grid Array
• WSM - Write State Machine
1.3
Conventions
Many abbreviated terms and phrases are used throughout this document:
• The term “1.8 V” refers to the full VCC voltage range of 1.7 V – 1.95 V (except where noted)
and “VPP = 12 V” refers to 12 V 5%.
• When referring to registers, the term set means the bit is a logical 1, and clear means the bit is
a logical 0.
• The terms pin and signal are often used interchangeably to refer to the external signal
connections on the package. (ball is the term used for VF BGA).
• A word is 2 bytes, or 16 bits.
Datasheet
9
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
• Signal names are in all CAPS (see Section 4.1, “Signal Descriptions” on page 22.)
• Voltage applied to the signal is subscripted, for example, VPP.
Throughout this document, references are made to top, bottom, parameter, and partition. To clarify
these references, the following conventions have been adopted:
• A block is a group of bits (or words) that erase simultaneously with one block erase
instruction.
• A main block contains 32 Kwords.
• A parameter block contains 4 Kwords.
• The Block Base Address (BBA) is the first address of a block.
• A partition is a group of blocks that share erase and program circuitry and a common status
register.
• The Partition Base Address (PBA) is the first address of a partition. For example, on a 32-
Mbit top-parameter device, partition number 5 has a PBA of 140000h.
• The top partition is located at the highest physical device address. This partition may be a
main partition or a parameter partition.
• The bottom partition is located at the lowest physical device address. This partition may be a
main partition or a parameter partition.
• A main partition contains only main blocks.
• A parameter partition contains a mixture of main blocks and parameter blocks.
• A top parameter device (TPD) has the parameter partition at the top of the memory map with
the parameter blocks at the top of that partition. This was formerly referred to as top-boot
device.
• A bottom parameter device (BPD) has the parameter partition at the bottom of the memory
map with the parameter blocks at the bottom of that partition. This was formerly referred to as
bottom-boot block flash device.
10
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
2.0
Functional Overview
This section provides an overview of the W18 device features, packaging, signal naming, and
device architecture.
The W18 device provides Read-While-Write (RWW) and Read-White-Erase (RWE) capability
with high-performance synchronous and asynchronous reads on package-compatible densities with
a 16-bit data bus. Individually-erasable memory blocks are optimally sized for code and data
storage. Eight 4-Kword parameter blocks are located in the parameter partition at either the top or
bottom of the memory map. The rest of the memory array is grouped into 32-Kword main blocks.
The memory architecture for the W18 device consists of multiple 4-Mbit partitions, the exact
number depending on device density. By dividing the memory array into partitions, program or
erase operations can take place simultaneously during read operations. Burst reads can traverse
partition boundaries, but user application code is responsible for ensuring that they don’t extend
into a partition that is actively programming or erasing. Although each partition has burst-read,
write, and erase capabilities, simultaneous operation is limited to write or erase in one partition
while other partitions are in a read mode.
Augmented erase-suspend functionality further enhances the RWW capabilities of this device. An
erase can be suspended to perform a program or read operation within any block, except that which
is erase-suspended. A program operation nested within a suspended erase can subsequently be
suspended to read yet another memory location.
After device power-up or reset, the W18 device defaults to asynchronous read configuration.
Writing to the device’s configuration register enables synchronous burst-mode read operation. In
synchronous mode, the CLK input increments an internal burst address generator. CLK also
synchronizes the flash memory with the host CPU and outputs data on every, or on every other,
valid CLK cycle after an initial latency. A programmable WAIT output signals to the CPU when
data from the flash memory device is ready.
In addition to its improved architecture and interface, the W18 device incorporates Enhanced
Factory Programming (EFP), a feature that enables fast programming and low-power designs. The
EFP feature provides the fastest currently-available program performance, which can increase a
factory’s manufacturing throughput.
The device supports read operations at 1.8 V and erase and program operations at 1.8 V or 12 V.
With the 1.8-V option, VCC and VPP can be tied together for a simple, ultra-low-power design. In
addition to voltage flexibility, the dedicated VPP input provides complete data protection when
V
PP ≤ VPPLK.
This device allows I/O operation at voltages even lower than the minimum VCCQ of 1.7 V. This
Extended VCCQ range, 1.35 V – 1.8 V, permits even greater system design flexibility.
A 128-bit protection register enhances the user’s ability to implement new security techniques and
data protection schemes. Unique flash device identification and fraud-, cloning-, or content-
protection schemes are possible through a combination of factory-programmed and user-OTP data
cells. Zero-latency locking/unlocking on any memory block provides instant and complete
protection for critical system code and data. An additional block lock-down capability provides
hardware protection where software commands alone cannot change the block’s protection status.
Datasheet
11
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
The device’s Command User Interface (CUI) is the system processor’s link to internal flash
memory operation. A valid command sequence written to the CUI initiates device Write State
Machine (WSM) operation that automatically executes the algorithms, timings, and verifications
necessary to manage flash memory program and erase. An internal status register provides ready/
busy indication results of the operation (success, fail, and so on).
Three power-saving features– Automatic Power Savings (APS), standby, and RST#– can
significantly reduce power consumption. The device automatically enters APS mode following
read cycle completion. Standby mode begins when the system deselects the flash memory by
de-asserting CE#. Driving RST# low produces power savings similar to standby mode. It also
resets the part to read-array mode (important for system-level reset), clears internal status registers,
and provides an additional level of flash write protection.
2.1
Memory Map and Partitioning
The W18 device is divided into 4-Mbit physical partitions, which allows simultaneous RWW or
RWE operations and allows users to segment code and data areas on 4-Mbit boundaries. The
device’s memory array is asymmetrically blocked, which enables system code and data integration
within a single flash device. Each block can be erased independently in block erase mode.
Simultaneous program and erase operations are not allowed; only one partition at a time can be
actively programming or erasing. See Table 1, “Bottom Parameter Memory Map” on page 13 and
Table 2, “Top Parameter Memory Map” on page 14.
The 32-Mbit device has eight partitions, the 64-Mbit device has 16 partitions, and the 128-Mbit
device has 32 partitions. Each device density contains one parameter partition and several main
partitions. The 4-Mbit parameter partition contains eight 4-Kword parameter blocks and seven 32-
Kword main blocks. Each 4-Mbit main partition contains eight 32-Kword blocks each.
The bulk of the array is divided into main blocks that can store code or data, and parameter blocks
that allow storage of frequently updated small parameters that are normally stored in EEPROM. By
using software techniques, the word-rewrite functionality of EEPROMs can be emulated.
.
12
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 1. Bottom Parameter Memory Map
Size
(KW)
Blk #
32 Mbit
Blk #
64 Mbit
Blk #
128 Mbit
32
262
7F8000-7FFFFF
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
135
134
71
70
39
38
31
30
23
22
400000-407FFF
3F8000-3FFFFF
200000-207FFF
1F8000-1FFFFF
100000-107FFF
0F8000-0FFFFF
0C0000-0C7FFF
0B8000-0BFFFF
080000-087FFF
078000-07FFFF
134
71
70
39
38
31
30
23
22
3F8000-3FFFFF
200000-207FFF
1F8000-1FFFFF
100000-107FFF
0F8000-0FFFFF
0C0000-0C7FFF
0B8000-0BFFFF
080000-087FFF
078000-07FFFF
70
39
38
31
30
23
22
1F8000-1FFFFF
100000-107FFF
0F8000-0FFFFF
0C0000-0C7FFF
0B8000-0BFFFF
080000-087FFF
078000-07FFFF
32
32
15
14
040000-047FFF
038000-03FFFF
15
14
040000-047FFF
038000-03FFFF
15
14
040000-047FFF
038000-03FFFF
32
4
8
7
008000-00FFFF
007000-007FFF
8
7
008000-00FFFF
007000-007FFF
8
7
008000-00FFFF
007000-007FFF
4
0
000000-000FFF
0
000000-000FFF
0
000000-000FFF
Datasheet
13
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 2. Top Parameter Memory Map
Size
(KW)
Blk #
32 Mbit
Blk #
64 Mbit
Blk #
128 Mbit
4
70
1FF000-1FFFFF
134
3FF000-3FFFFF
262
7FF000-7FFFFF
4
63
62
1F8000-1F8FFF
1F0000-1F7FFF
127
126
3F8000-3F8FFF
3F0000-3F7FFF
255
254
7F8000-7F8FFF
7F0000-7F7FFF
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
56
55
48
47
40
39
32
31
0
1C0000-1C7FFF
1B8000-1BFFFF
18000-187FFF
178000-17FFFF
140000-147FFF
138000-13FFFF
100000-107FFF
0F8000-0FFFFF
000000-007FFF
120
119
112
111
104
103
96
3C0000-3C7FFF
3B8000-3BFFFF
380000-387FFF
378000-37FFFF
340000-347FFF
338000-33FFFF
300000-307FFF
2F8000-2FFFFF
200000-207FFF
1F8000-1FFFFF
000000-007FFF
248
247
240
239
232
231
224
223
192
191
128
127
0
7C0000-7C7FFF
7B8000-7BFFFF
780000-787FFF
778000-77FFFF
740000-747FFF
738000-73FFFF
700000-707FFF
6F8000-6FFFFF
600000-607FFF
5F8000-5FFFFF
400000-407FFF
3F8000-3FFFFF
000000-007FFF
95
64
63
0
14
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
3.0
Package Information
0.1
W18 – .18 µm Lithography
Figure 1. 64-Mb µBGA*CSP Package Drawing and Dimensions
Pin # 1
Indicator
Pin # 1
Corner
s
D
1
s
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
7
6
5
4
3 2 1
A
B
A
B
C
D
E
F
C
D
E
E
F
G
G
e
b
Top View - Silicon backside
Complete Ink Mark Not
Bottom View - Bump side Up
A1
A2
A
Seati
Plan
Y
Side
Millimeters
Inches
Min
Symbol
A
Min
Nom
Max
Notes
Nom
Max
Package Height
Ball Height
0.850
0.150
0.612
0.300
7.600
8.900
1.000
0.0335
0.0059
0.0241
0.0118
0.2992
0.3503
0.0394
A1
A2
b
Package Body Thickness
Ball (Lead) Width
0.712
0.350
7.700
9.000
0.750
56
0.812
0.400
7.800
9.100
0.0280
0.0138
0.3031
0.3543
0.0295
56
0.0320
0.0157
0.3071
0.3583
Package Body Width
Package Body Length
Pitch
D
E
[e]
N
Ball (Lead) Count
Seating Plane Coplanarity
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along D
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along E
Y
0.100
1.325
2.350
0.0039
0.0522
0.0925
S1
S2
1.125
2.150
1.225
2.250
0.0443
0.0846
0.0482
0.0886
Datasheet
15
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 2. 32-Mb VFBGA Package Drawing
Ball A1
Corner
Ball A1
Corner
D
S
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
7
6
5
4
3
2 1
S
2
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
e
G
G
b
Top View - Bump Side Down
A1
Bottom View - Ball Side Up
A2
A
Seating
Plane
Y
Side View
Note: Drawingnot to scale
Figure 3. 128-Mb VFBGA Package Drawing
Ball A1
Corner
Ball A
Corne
S1
D
S2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2 1
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
e
G
H
J
G
H
J
b
Top View - Bump Side
Down
Bottom View - Ball Side
Up
A1
A2
A
Seating
Plane
Y
Side View
Note: Drawing not to scal e
16
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 3. 32-Mbit and 128-Mbit VFBGA Package Dimensions
Millimeters
Nom
Inches
Nom
Dimension
Symbol
Min
Max
Min
Max
Package Height
A
0.850
0.150
0.615
0.325
7.600
8.900
1.000
0.0335
0.0059
0.0394
Ball Height
A
A
1
2
Package Body Thickness
Ball (Lead) Width
0.665
0.375
7.700
9.000
0.715
0.425
7.800
9.100
0.0242 0.0262 0.0281
0.0128 0.0148 0.0167
0.2992 0.3031 0.3071
0.3503 0.3543 0.3583
b
Package Body Width 32Mb
Package Body Length32Mb
Package Body Width 128Mb
Package Body Length 128Mb
Pitch
D
E
D
E
12.400 12.500 12.600 0.4882 0.4921 0.4961
11.900 12.000 12.100 0.4685 0.4724 0.4764
[e]
N
N
Y
0.750
56
0.0295
56
Ball (Lead) Count 32Mb
Ball (Lead) Count 128Mb
Seating Plane Coplanarity
60
60
0.100
1.325
0.0039
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along D
32Mb
S
S
S
S
1.125
2.150
2.775
2.900
1.225
2.250
2.875
3.000
0.0443 0.0482 0.0522
0.0846 0.0886 0.0925
1
2
1
2
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along E
32Mb
2.350
2.975
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along D
128Mb
0.1093 0.1132
0.1171
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along E
128Mb
3.1000 0.1142 0.1181 0.1220
Datasheet
17
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
0.2
W18 – .13 µm Lithography
Figure 4. 32-, 64- and 128-Mb VF BGA*CSP Package Drawing
Ball A1
Corner
Ball A1
Corne
D
S1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
S
2
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
e
G
G
b
Top View - Bump Side Down
A1
Bottom View - Ball Side Up
A2
A
Seating
Plane
Y
Table 4. 32-Mbit, 64-Mbit, and 128-Mbit VFBGA Package Dimensions
Millimeters
Inches
Nom
Dimension
Symbol
Min
Nom
Max
Min
Max
0.0394
Package Height
A
1.000
Ball Height
A
0.150
0.0059
1
2
Package Body Thickness
Ball (Lead) Width
A
0.665
0.375
0.0262
b
0.325
7.600
0.425 0.0128 0.0148 0.0167
7.800 0.2992 0.3031 0.3071
Package Body Width (32Mb,
64Mb)
D
D
E
7.700
Package Body Width (128Mb)
10.900 11.000 11.100 0.4291 0.4331 0.4370
Package Body Length (32Mb,
64Mb, 128Mb)
8.900
9.000
9.100 0.3504 0.3543 0.3583
Pitch
[e]
N
0.750
56
0.0295
56
Ball (Lead) Count
Seating Plane Coplanarity
Y
0.100
0.0039
Corner to Ball A1 Distance
Along D (32Mb, 64Mb)
S
S
S
1.125
1.225
1.325 0.0443 0.0482 0.0522
1
1
2
Corner to Ball A1 Distance
Along D (128Mb)
2.775 2.2875 2.975 0.1093 0.1132 0.1171
2.150 2.250 2.350 0.0846 0.0886 0.0925
Corner to Ball A1 Distance
Along E (32Mb, 64Mb,128Mb)
18
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 5. 128Mbit QUAD+ Package Drawing
S1
A1 Index
Mark
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
S2
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
D
e
G
G
H
J
H
J
K
K
L
L
M
M
b
E
Bottom View - Ball Up
A
Top View - Ball Down
A2
A1
Y
Drawing not to scale.
Millimeters
Nom
Inches
Nom
Dimensions
Package Height
Ball Height
Package Body Thickness
Ball (Lead) Width
Package Body Length
Package Body Width
Pitch
Ball(Lead) Count
Seating Plane Coplanarity
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along E
Corner to Ball A1 Distance Along D
Symbol
A
A1
A2
b
D
E
e
N
Min
Max Notes
1.200
Min
Max
0.0472
0.200
0.0079
0.860
0.375
10.000
8.000
0.800
88
0.0339
0.0148
0.3937
0.3150
0.0315
88
0.325
9.900
7.900
0.425
10.100
8.100
0.0128
0.3898
0.3110
0.0167
0.3976
0.3189
Y
S1
S2
0.100
1.300
0.700
0.0039
0.0512
0.0276
1.100
0.500
1.200
0.600
0.0433
0.0197
0.0472
0.0236
Datasheet
19
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
4.0
Ballout and Signal Descriptions
The W18 device is available in a 56-ball VF BGA and µBGA Chip SCale Package with 0.75 mm
ball pitch, or the 88-ball (80 active balls) QUAD+ SCSP package. Figure 6 shows the device
ballout for the VF BGA and µBGA package. Figure 7 shows the device ballout for the QUAD+
package.
Figure 6. 56-Ball VF BGA / µBGA Ballout
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
VCC
CLK
A18
A17
A19
A6
A5
A7
A6
A5
A7
A18
A17
A19
VCC
CLK
A11
A8
A9
VSS
A20
A21
VPP
A4
A3
A2
A4
VPP
VSS
A20
A21
A8
A9
A11
A12
A13
A12
A13
A3
A2
RST#
WE#
RST#
WE#
A10
A10
ADV#
ADV#
A15
A14 WAIT
DQ15 DQ6
A16
DQ12
DQ2
WP#
DQ1
A22
CE#
A1
A0
A1
A0
A22
WP#
DQ1
DQ12
DQ2
A16
WAIT A14
DQ6 DQ15
A15
VCCQ
DQ4
CE#
DQ4
VCCQ
VSS
DQ7
DQ14 DQ13
VSSQ DQ5
DQ11 DQ10
DQ9
DQ0
OE#
OE#
DQ0
DQ9
DQ10 DQ11
DQ13 DQ14
DQ5 VSSQ
VSS
DQ7
G
G
VCC
DQ3
VCCQ DQ8
VSSQ
VSSQ
DQ8 VCCQ
DQ3
VCC
Top View - Ball Side Down
Complete Ink Mark Not Shown
Bottom View - Ball Side Up
NOTES:
1. On lower density devices, upper address balls can be treated as NC. (Example: For 32-Mbit density, A21 and A22 will be NC).
2. See Appendix C, “Ordering Information” on page 99 for mechanical specifications for the package.
20
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 7. 88-Ball (80 Active Balls) QUAD+ Ballout
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
DU
DU
DU
DU
A
B
C
D
E
F
A4
A5
A18
R-LB#
A17
A7
A19
A23
A24
A25
VSS
VSS
F1-VCC F2-VCC
A21
A22
A9
A11
A12
A13
A15
A16
S-CS2
CLK
F-VPP,
F-VPEN
A3
R-WE# P1-CS#
A2
F-WP# ADV#
A20
A8
A10
A14
A1
A6
R-UB# F-RST# F-WE#
G
A0
D8
D2
D10
D5
D13
WAIT F2-CE#
H
J
R-OE#
D0
D1
D9
D3
D12
D4
D14
D6
D7
F2-OE#
VCCQ
S-CS1# F1-OE#
D11
D15
K
L
P-Mode,
P-CRE
F1-CE# P2-CS# F3-CE# S-VCC P-VCC F2-VCC VCCQ
VSS
DU
VSS
DU
VCCQ F1-VCC VSS
VSS
VSS
DU
VSS
DU
M
Top View - Ball Side Down
Legend:
SRAM/PSRAM specific
Flash specific
Global
NOTES:
1. Unused upper address balls can be treated as NC (for 128Mbit, A[25:23] are not used).
2. See Appendix C, “Ordering Information” on page 99 for mechanical specifications for the package.
Datasheet
21
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
4.1
Signal Descriptions
Table 5 describes ball usage.
Table 5. Signal Descriptions
Symbol
Type
Name and Function
A[22:0]
D[15:0]
I
ADDRESS INPUTS: For memory addresses. 32 Mbit: A[20:0]; 64 Mbit: A[21:0]; 128 Mbit: A[22:0]
DATA INPUTS/OUTPUTS: Inputs data and commands during write cycles; outputs data during
memory, status register, protection register, and configuration code reads. Data pins float when the
chip or outputs are deselected. Data is internally latched during writes.
I/O
ADDRESS VALID: ADV# indicates valid address presence on address inputs. During synchronous
read operations, all addresses are latched on ADV#’s rising edge or the next valid CLK edge with
ADV# low, whichever occurs first.
ADV#
CE#
I
I
I
I
I
CHIP ENABLE: Asserting CE# activates internal control logic, I/O buffers, decoders, and sense amps.
De-asserting CE# deselects the device, places it in standby mode, and tri-states all outputs.
CLOCK: CLK synchronizes the device to the system bus frequency during synchronous reads and
increments an internal address generator. During synchronous read operations, addresses are latched
on ADV#’s rising edge or the next valid CLK edge with ADV# low, whichever occurs first.
CLK
OUTPUT ENABLE: When asserted, OE# enables the device’s output data buffers during a read cycle.
When OE# is deasserted, data outputs are placed in a high-impedance state.
OE#
RESET: When low, RST# resets internal automation and inhibits write operations. This provides data
protection during power transitions. de-asserting RST# enables normal operation and places the
device in asynchronous read-array mode.
RST#
WAIT: The WAIT signal indicates valid data during synchronous read modes. It can be configured to be
asserted-high or asserted-low based on bit 10 of the Configuration Register. WAIT is tri-stated if CE# is
deasserted. WAIT is not gated by OE#.
WAIT
WE#
WP#
O
I
WRITE ENABLE: WE# controls writes to the CUI and array. Addresses and data are latched on the
rising edge of WE#.
WRITE PROTECT: Disables/enables the lock-down function. When WP# is asserted, the lock-down
mechanism is enabled and blocks marked lock-down cannot be unlocked through software. See
Section 13.1, “Block Lock Operations” on page 71 for details on block locking.
I
ERASE AND PROGRAM POWER: A valid voltage on this pin allows erasing or programming. Memory
contents cannot be altered when V ≤ V
not be attempted.
. Block erase and program at invalid V voltages should
PP
PPLK
PP
Set V = V for in-system program and erase operations. To accommodate resistor or diode drops
PP
CC
VPP
VCC
Pwr/I
Pwr
from the system supply, the V level of V can be as low as V
min to perform in-system flash modification. VPP may be 0 V during read operations.
min. V must remain above V
IH
PP
PP1 PP PP1
V
can be applied to main blocks for 1000 cycles maximum and to parameter blocks for 2500 cycles.
PP2
VPP can be connected to 12 V for a cumulative total not to exceed 80 hours. Extended use of this pin
at 12 V may reduce block cycling capability.
DEVICE POWER SUPPLY: Writes are inhibited at V ≤ V
. Device operations at invalid V
CC
CC
LKO
voltages should not be attempted.
OUTPUT POWER SUPPLY: Enables all outputs to be driven at V
VCC.
. This input may be tied directly to
CCQ
VCCQ
VSS
Pwr
Pwr
Pwr
GROUND: Pins for all internal device circuitry must be connected to system ground.
OUTPUT GROUND: Provides ground to all outputs which are driven by VCCQ. This signal may be tied
directly to VSS.
VSSQ
DON’T USE: Do not use this pin. This pin should not be connected to any power supplies, signals or
other pins and must be floated.
DU
NC
NO CONNECT: No internal connection; can be driven or floated.
22
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
5.0
Maximum Ratings and Operating Conditions
5.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Warning: Stressing the device beyond the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage.
These are stress ratings only. Operation beyond the “Operating Conditions” is not recommended,
and extended exposure beyond the “Operating Conditions” may affect device reliability.
Notice: This datasheet contains information on products in the design phase of development. The information
here is subject to change without notice. Do not finalize a design with this information.
Table 6. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Note
Maximum Rating
–40 °C to +85 °C
Temperature under Bias
Storage Temperature
–65 °C to +125 °C
–0.5 V to +2.45 V
–0.2 V to +14 V
–0.2 V to +2.45 V
100 mA
Voltage on Any Pin (except VCC, VCCQ, VPP)
VPP Voltage
1,2,3
VCC and VCCQ Voltage
Output Short Circuit Current
NOTES:
1
4
1. All specified voltages are relative to VSS. Minimum DC voltage is –0.5 V on input/output pins and
–0.2 V on VCC and VPP pins. During transitions, this level may undershoot to –2.0 V for periods < 20
ns which, during transitions, may overshoot to V +2.0 V for periods < 20 ns.
CC
2. Maximum DC voltage on VPP may overshoot to +14.0 V for periods < 20 ns.
3. V program voltage is normally V
and 2500 cycles on the parameter blocks during program/erase.
. V can be 12 V 0.6 V for 1000 cycles on the main blocks
PP
PP1
PP
4. Output shorted for no more than one second. No more than one output shorted at a time.
5.2
Operating Conditions
Table 7. Extended Temperature Operation (Sheet 1 of 2)
Symbol
Parameter1
Operating Temperature
Supply Voltage
Note
Min
Nom
Max
Unit
T
–40
1.7
25
1.8
85
1.95
2.24
1.8
°C
A
V
V
3
3
4
2
2
2
CC
CC
I/O Supply Voltage
1.7
1.8
V
CCQ
I/O Supply Voltage (Extended)
1.35
0.90
11.4
1.5
V
V
V
V
Voltage Supply (Logic Level)
PP
1.80
12.0
1.95
12.6
80
PP1
PP2
Factory Programming V
PP
t
Maximum V Hours
V = 12 V
PP
Hours
PPH
PP
Datasheet
23
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 7. Extended Temperature Operation (Sheet 2 of 2)
Symbol
Parameter1
Note
Min
Nom
Max
Unit
Main and Parameter
Blocks
V
≤ V
2
100,000
PP
CC
Block
Erase
Cycles
Cycles
Main Blocks
Parameter Blocks
V
V
= 12 V
= 12 V
2
2
1000
2500
PP
PP
NOTES:
1. See Section 6.1 and Section 6.2, “DC Voltage Characteristics” on page 26 for specific voltage-range
specifications.
2. VPP is normally V
. VPP can be connected to 11.4 V–12.6 V for 1000 cycles on main blocks for
PP1
extended temperatures and 2500 cycles on parameter blocks at extended temperature.
3. Contact your Intel field representative for V /V operations down to 1.65 V.
CC CCQ
4. See the tables in Section 5.0, “Maximum Ratings and Operating Conditions” on page 23 and in Section
7.0, “AC Characteristics” on page 28 for operating characteristics within the Extended-V
voltage range.
CCQ
6.0
Electrical Specifications
6.1
DC Current Characteristics (.13 µm and .18 µm)
Table 8. DC Current Characteristics (Sheet 1 of 3)
V
=1.35 V –
1.8 V
CCQ
V
= 1.8 V
CCQ
(1)
Sym
Parameter
Note
Unit
Test Condition
32/64/128 Mbit 32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
Typ Max Typ Max
Typ
Max
V
V
V
= V Max
CC
CC
I
I
Input Load
9
TBD
1
1
1
1
µA
µA
= V
Max
LI
CCQ
= V
CCQ
CCQ
or GND
IN
V
V
V
= V Max
CC
CC
CCQ
IN
Output
Leakage
DQ[15:0]
TBD
= V
Max
or GND
LO
CCQ
= V
CCQ
.18µm
V
V
= V Max
CC
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
5
8
5
18
50
18
5
8
5
25
70
25
CC
I
CCS
= V
Max
CCQ
CCQ
V
Standby
10
11
µA
µA
CC
CE# = V
RST# =V
CC
SSQ
.13µm
I
CCS
.18µm
V = V Max
CC CC
I
V
= V
Max
CCAPS
CCQ
CCQ
CE# = V
RST# =V
All other inputs =V
SSQ
CCQ
APS
.13µm
TBD
TBD
8
50
8
70
or
CCQ
I
CCAPS
V
SSQ
24
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 8. DC Current Characteristics (Sheet 2 of 3)
V
=1.35 V –
1.8 V
CCQ
V
= 1.8 V
CCQ
Sym
Parameter (1)
Note
Unit
Test Condition
32/64/128 Mbit 32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
Typ Max Typ Max
Typ
Max
Asynchronous
Page Mode
f=13 MHz
2
TBD
TBD
3
6
4
7
mA 4 Word Read
Burst length
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
6
13
14
18
20
16
18
22
25
17
20
25
30
6
8
13
14
19
20
16
18
22
25
mA
= 4
Burst length
8
mA
= 8
Synchronous
CLK = 40 MHz
2
Burst length
=16
V
V
=
Max
CC
CC
10
11
7
11
11
7
mA
Average
CE# = V
OE# = V
Inputs = V
or V
IL
IH
IH
I
V
Burst length
mA
CCR
CC
Read
= Continuous
Burst length
IL
mA
= 4
Burst length
10
12
13
8
10
12
13
mA
= 8
Synchronous
CLK = 54 MHz
2
Burst length
= 16
mA
Burst length
mA
= Continuous
Burst length
= 4
N.A. N.A. mA
N.A. N.A. mA
N.A. N.A. mA
N.A. N.A. mA
V
V
=
Max
CC
CC
Burst length
= 8
11
14
16
Average
Synchronous
CLK = 66 MHz
CE# = V
OE# = V
IH
Inputs = V
IL
I
V
2, 3
CCR
CC
Burst length
= 16
Read
IH
or V
IL
Burst length
= Continuous
V
= V
Program in
Program in
PP2,
PP
PP1,
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
18
8
40
15
40
15
18
18
18
8
40
15
40
15
25
25
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
Progress
I
I
V
V
Program
3,4,5
3,4,5
CCW
CCE
CC
V
= V
PP
Progress
V
= V
Block Erase in
Block Erase in
Program Sus-
Erase Sus-
PP
PP1,
18
8
18
8
Progress
Block Erase
CC
V
= V
PP
PP2,
Progress
CE# = V
pended
CC,
I
I
V
V
Program Suspend
Erase Suspend
6
6
5
5
CCWS
CCES
CC
CE# = V
pended
CC,
5
5
µA
CC
Datasheet
25
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 8. DC Current Characteristics (Sheet 3 of 3)
V
=1.35 V –
1.8 V
CCQ
V
= 1.8 V
CCQ
(1)
Sym
Parameter
Note
Unit
Test Condition
32/64/128 Mbit 32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
Typ Max Typ Max
Typ
Max
I
PPS
V
V
V
Standby
PP
PP
PP
(I
,
PPWS
Program Suspend
Erase Suspend
3
TBD
TBD
0.2
2
5
0.2
2
5
µA
µA
V
<V
PP CC
I
)
PPES
PPR
V
V
≤ V
CC
I
V
Read
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
15
15
PP
PP
= V
Program in
Program in
Erase in
PP
PP1,
0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10
22 16 37
0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10
22 22
Progress
I
V
Program
4
4
mA
mA
PPW
PPE
PP
V
= V
PP
PP2,
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
8
Progress
V
= V
PP
PP1,
Progress
I
V
Erase
PP
V
= V Erase in
PP2,
PP
8
8
Progress
NOTES:
1. All currents are RMS unless noted. Typical values at typical V , T = +25°C.
CC
A
2. Automatic Power Savings (APS) reduces I
for details.
to approximately standby levels in static operation. See I
specification
CCR
CCRQ
3. Sampled, not 100% tested.
4. V read + program current is the sum of V read and V program currents.
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
CC
plus I
.
CCR
CCES
outside their valid ranges.
PPH
11.Refer to section Section 8.2, “Automatic Power Savings (APS)” on page 48 for I
12.TBD values are to be determined pending silicon characterization.
measurement details.
CCAPS
6.2
DC Voltage Characteristics
Table 9. DC Voltage Characteristics (Sheet 1 of 2)
V
=1.35 V – 1.8 V
V
= 1.8 V
CCQ
CCQ
Sym
Parameter (1)
Note
32/64/128 Mbit
32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
Unit
Test Condition
Min
Max
Min
Max
0.4
Min
Max
V
V
V
Input Low
Input High
Output Low
8
0
0.2
0
0
0.4
V
V
IL
V
– 0.2
V
– 0.4
V
CCQ
– 0.4
CCQ
CCQ
V
V
V
CCQ
IH
OL
CCQ
CCQ
V
V
= V Min
CC
CC
0.1
0.1
0.1
V
= V
Min
CCQ
CCQ
I
= 100 µA
OL
26
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 9. DC Voltage Characteristics (Sheet 2 of 2)
V
=1.35 V – 1.8 V
V
= 1.8 V
CCQ
CCQ
Sym
Parameter (1)
Note
32/64/128 Mbit
Min Max
32/64 Mbit
Min Max
128 Mbit
Unit
Test Condition
Min
Max
V
Output High
V
= V Min
CC CC
CCQ
= –100 µA
OH
V
– 0.1
V
– 0.1
V
CCQ
– 0.1
CCQ
CCQ
V
V
I
= V
Min
CCQ
OH
V
V
V
V
V
V
Lock-Out
Lock
7
0.4
1.0
0.4
0.4
V
V
V
PPLK
LKO
PP
1.0
0.9
1.0
0.9
CC
Lock
TBD
ILKOQ
CCQ
NOTE: For all numbered note references in this table, refer to the notes in Table 8, “DC Current Characteristics” on page 24.
Datasheet
27
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
7.0
AC Characteristics
7.1
AC I/O Test Conditions
Figure 8. AC Input/Output Reference Waveform
VCCQ
Test P
oints
Input
VCCQ/2
VCCQ/2
Output
0V
NOTE: Input timing begins, and output timing ends, at V
/2. Input rise and fall times (10% to 90%) < 5 ns.
CCQ
Worst case speed conditions are when V = V Min.
CC
CC
Figure 9. Transient Equivalent Testing Load Circuit
VCCQ
R1
Device
Under Test
Out
CL
R2
NOTE: See Table 17 for component values.
Table 10. Test Configuration Component Values for Worst Case Speed Conditions
Test Configuration
C
(pF)
R
(kΩ)
R (kΩ)
2
L
1
V
V
Min-Extended (1.35 V) Standard Test
Min (1.7 V) Standard Test
30
30
13.5
16.7
13.5
16.7
CCQ
CCQ
NOTE: C includes jig capacitance.
L
28
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 10. Clock Input AC Waveform
R201
VIH
CLK [C]
VIL
R202
R203
7.2
Device Capacitance
TA = +25 °C, f = 1 MHz
Symbol
Parameter§
Typ
Max
Unit
Condition
V = 0.0 V
IN
C
C
C
Input Capacitance
Output Capacitance
CE# Input Capacitance
6
8
8
pF
pF
pF
IN
12
12
V
= 0.0 V
OUT
CE
OUT
10
V
= 0.0 V
IN
§Sampled, not 100% tested.
Datasheet
29
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
7.3
Read Operations – .13 µm Lithography
Table 11. Read Operations— .13 µm Lithography (Sheet 1 of 2)
V
=
V
=
CCQ
CCQ
1.35 V – 1.8 V
-65 -85
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
1.7 V – 2.24 V
#
Sym
Parameter 1,2
Notes
Unit
-60 -80
Asynchronous Specifications
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Read Cycle Time
7,8
7,8
7,8
4
65
85
60
80
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVAV
AVQV
ELQV
GLQV
PHQV
ELQX
GLQX
EHQZ
GHQZ
OH
Address to Output Valid
CE# Low to Output Valid
OE# Low to Output Valid
RST# High to Output Valid
CE# Low to Output Low-Z
OE# Low to Output Low-Z
CE# High to Output High-Z
OE# High to Output High-Z
CE# (OE#) High to Output Low-Z
65
65
85
85
60
60
80
80
25
30
20
25
150
150
150
150
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,5
5
17
14
20
14
14
14
17
14
4,5
4,5
0
0
0
0
Latching Specifications
R101
R102
R103
R104
R105
R106
R108
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Address Setup to ADV# High
CE# Low to ADV# High
7
7
7
7
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVVH
ELVH
VLQV
VLVH
VHVL
VHAX
APA
10
10
10
10
ADV# Low to Output Valid
ADV# Pulse Width Low
7,8
3
65
85
60
80
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
ADV# Pulse Width High
Address Hold from ADV# High
Page Address Access Time
25
54
30
40
20
66
25
54
Clock Specifications
R200
R201
R202
R203
f
t
t
t
CLK Frequency
MHz
ns
CLK
CLK Period
18.5
4.5
25
15
18.5
4.5
CLK
CLK High or Low Time
CLK Fall or Rise Time
9.5
3.5
ns
CH/L
CHCL
3
3
3
3
ns
30
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 11. Read Operations— .13 µm Lithography (Sheet 2 of 2)
V
=
V
=
CCQ
CCQ
1.35 V – 1.8 V
-65 -85
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
1.7 V – 2.24 V
#
Sym
Parameter 1,2
Notes
Unit
-60 -80
Synchronous Specifications
R301
R302
R303
R304
R305
R306
R307
R308
R309
R310
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Address Valid Setup to CLK
ADV# Low Setup to CLK
CE# Low Setup to CLK
CLK to Output Valid
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVCH
VLCH
ELCH
CHQV
CHQX
CHAX
CHTV
ELTV
8
14
20
11
14
Output Hold from CLK
Address Hold from CLK
CLK to WAIT Valid
3
7
3
7
3
7
3
7
3
8
14
14
14
20
20
20
11
11
11
14
14
14
CE# Low to WAIT Valid
CE# High to WAIT High-Z
CE# Pulse Width High
6
5,6
6
EHTZ
EHEL
14
14
14
14
Datasheet
31
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
7.4
Read Operations – .18 µm Lithography
Table 12. Read Operations — .18 µm Lithography (Sheet 1 of 2)
32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
-85
#
Sym
Parameter (1,2)
Notes
–70
–85
Unit
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Asynchronous Specifications
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Read Cycle Time
70
85
85
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVAV
AVQV
ELQV
GLQV
PHQV
ELQX
GLQX
EHQZ
GHQZ
OH
Address to Output Delay
70
70
85
85
85
85
CE# Low to Output Delay
OE# Low to Output Delay
RST# High to Output Delay
CE# Low to Output in Low-Z
OE# Low to Output in Low-Z
CE# High to Output in High-Z
OE# High to Output in High-Z
CE# (OE#) High to Output in Low-Z
4
30
30
30
150
150
150
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,5
5
20
14
20
14
20
14
4,5
4,5
0
0
0
Latching Specifications
R101
R102
R103
R104
R105
R106
R108
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Address Setup to ADV# High
CE# Low to ADV# High
10
10
10
10
10
10
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVVH
ELVH
VLQV
VLVH
VHVL
VHAX
APA
ADV# Low to Output Delay
ADV# Pulse Width Low
70
85
85
10
10
9
10
10
9
10
10
9
ADV# Pulse Width High
Address Hold from ADV# High
Page Address Access Time
3
20
52
25
40
25
40
Clock Specifications
R200
R201
R202
R203
f
t
t
t
CLK Frequency
MHz
ns
CLK
CLK Period
19
5
25
5
25
5
CLK
CLK High or Low Time
CLK Fall or Rise Time
ns
CH/L
CHCL
3
3
3
ns
32
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 12. Read Operations — .18 µm Lithography (Sheet 2 of 2)
32/64 Mbit
128 Mbit
-85
#
Sym
Parameter (1,2)
Notes
–70
–85
Unit
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Synchronous Specifications
R301
R302
R303
R304
R305
R306
R307
R308
R309
R310
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Address Valid Setup to CLK
ADV# Low Setup to CLK
CE# Low Setup to CLK
CLK to Output Valid
9
10
9
9
10
9
9
10
9
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
AVCH
VLCH
ELCH
CHQV
CHQX
CHAX
CHTV
ELTV
14
18
18
Output Hold from CLK
Address Hold from CLK
CLK to WAIT Valid
3.5
10
3.5
10
3.5
10
3
14
14
20
18
18
25
18
18
25
CE# Low to WAIT Valid
CE# High to WAIT High-Z
CE# Pulse Width High
6
5,6
6
EHTZ
EHEL
15
20
20
NOTES:
1. See Figure 8, “AC Input/Output Reference Waveform” on page 28 for timing measurements and maximum allowable input
slew rate.
2. AC specifications assume the data bus voltage is less than or equal to V
when a read operation is initiated.
CCQ
3. Address hold in synchronous-burst mode is defined as t
or t
, whichever timing specification is satisfied first.
CHAX
VHAX
4. OE# may be delayed by up to t
5. Sampled, not 100% tested.
– t
after the falling edge of CE# without impact to t
.
ELQV GLQV
ELQV
6. Applies only to subsequent synchronous reads.
7. During the initial access of a synchronous burst read, data from the first word may begin to be driven onto the data bus as
early as the first clock edge after t
.
AVQV
8. All specs above apply to all densities.
x
Datasheet
33
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 11. Asynchronous Read Operation Waveform
R1
VIH
Address [A]
VIL
Valid
Address
R2
VIH
CE# [E]
VIL
R3
R8
R9
VIH
OE# [G]
VIL
R4
R7
VIH
WE# [W]
VIL
VOH
High Z
High Z
Note 1
WAIT [T]
VOL
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
Data [D/Q]
R5
R10
VIH
VIL
RST# [P]
NOTES:.
1. WAIT shown asserted (CR.10=0)
2. ADV# assumed to be driven to VIL in this waveform
34
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 12. Latched Asynchronous Read Operation Waveform
R1
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Valid
Address
A[MAX:2] [A]
A[1:0] [A]
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Valid
Address
R2
R101
R104
R102
R105
VIH
R106
R103
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
VIL
VIH
VIL
R3
R6
R4
R8
R9
VIH
VIL
OE# [G]
WE# [W]
Data [Q]
RST# [P]
R7
VIH
VIL
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
R5
R10
VIH
VIL
Datasheet
35
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 13. Page-Mode Read Operation Waveform
R1
VIH
Valid
A[MAX:2] [A]
Address
VIL
R2
VIH
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
A[1:0] [A]
Address
Address
Address
Address
VIL
R101
R105
VIH
R106
R103
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
OE# [G]
VIL
R104
R102
VIH
VIL
R3
R6
R4
R8
R9
VIH
VIL
R7
VIH
WE# [W]
WAIT [T]
VIL
VOH
High Z
High Z
R108
Note 1
VOL
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Data [D/Q]
RST# [P]
R5
R10
VIH
VIL
NOTE: WAIT shown asserted (CR.10 = 0).
36
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 14. Single Synchronous Read-Array Operation Waveform
VIH
VIL
Note 1
CLK [C]
R301
R306
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Address [A]
R2
R101
R302
R104
R105
VIH
R106
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
VIL
R103
VIH
VIL
R3
R102
R4
R8
R9
VIH
VIL
OE# [G]
WE# [W]
WAIT [T]
Data [Q]
RST# [P]
R303
R7
VIH
VIL
R309
R10
R308
VOH
VOL
High Z
High Z
Note 2
R304
R305
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
R5
VIH
VIL
NOTES:
1. Section 14.2, “First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11])” on page 80 describes how to insert clock cycles
during the initial access.
2. WAIT (shown asserted; CR.10=0) can be configured to assert either during, or one data cycle before, valid
data.
3. This waveform illustrates the case in which an x-word burst is initiated to the main array and it is terminated
by a CE# de-assertion after the first word in the burst. If this access had been done to Status, ID, or Query
reads, the asserted (low) WAIT signal would have remained asserted (low) as long as CE# is asserted (low).
Datasheet
37
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 15. Synchronous 4-Word Burst Read Operation Waveform
VIH
Note 1
CLK [C]
0
1
VIL
R301
R306
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Address [A]
R2
R101
R302
R104
R105
VIH
R106
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
VIL
R103
R310
R8
VIH
VIL
R3
R102
R4
VIH
VIL
OE# [G]
WE# [W]
WAIT [T]
Data [Q]
RST# [P]
R303
R7
R9
VIH
VIL
R309
R10
R308
R307
VOH
VOL
High Z
High Z
Note 2
R304
R305
VOH
VOL
High Z
High Z
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
R5
VIH
VIL
NOTES:
1. Section 14.2, “First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11])” on page 80 describes how to insert clock cycles
during the initial access.
2. WAIT (shown asserted; CR.10 = 0) can be configured to assert either during, or one data cycle before, valid
data.
38
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 16. WAIT Functionality for EOWL (End-of-Word Line) Condition Waveform
VIH
VIL
Note 1
CLK [C]
0
1
R301
R306
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Address [A]
R2
R101
R302
R104
R105
VIH
R106
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
VIL
R103
VIH
VIL
R3
R102
R4
VIH
VIL
OE# [G]
WE# [W]
WAIT [T]
Data [D/Q]
R303
R7
VIH
VIL
R308
R307
VOH
VOL
High Z
High Z
Note 2
R304
R305
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
R5
VIH
RST# [P]
VIL
NOTES:
1. Section 14.2, “First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11])” on page 80 describes how to insert clock cycles
during the initial access.
2. WAIT (shown asserted; CR.10=0) can be configured to assert either during, or one data cycle before, valid
data. (assumed wait delay of two clocks for example)
Datasheet
39
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 17. WAIT Signal in Synchronous Non-Read Array Operation Waveform
VIH
Note 1
CLK [C]
VIL
R301
R306
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Address [A]
R2
R101
R302
R104
R105
VIH
R106
ADV# [V]
CE# [E]
VIL
R103
VIH
VIL
R3
R102
R4
R8
R9
VIH
VIL
OE# [G]
WE# [W]
WAIT [T]
Data [Q]
RST# [P]
R303
R7
VIH
VIL
R309
R10
R308
VOH
VOL
High Z
High Z
Note 2
R304
R305
VOH
VOL
High Z
Valid
Output
R5
VIH
VIL
NOTES:
1. Section 14.2, “First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11])” on page 80 describes how to insert clock cycles
during the initial access.
2. WAIT shown asserted (CR.10=0).
40
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 18. Burst Suspend
R304
R305
R305
R305
CLK
R1
R2
Address [A]
R101
R105
R106
ADV#
CE# [E]
OE# [G]
R3
R8
R9
R4
R9
R4
R13
R12
WAIT [T]
WE# [W]
R7
R6
R304
Q1
R304
Q2
DATA [D/Q]
Q0
Q1
NOTE:
1. During Burst Suspend Clock signal can be held high or low
Datasheet
41
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
7.5
AC Write Operations
Table 13. AC Write Characteristics – .13 µm Lithography
V
=
V
=
CCQ
CCQ
1.35 V – 1.8 V
-65 -85
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
1.7 V – 2.24 V
#
Sym
Parameter 1,2
Notes
Unit
-60 -80
RST# High Recovery to WE#
(CE#) Low
W1
W2
t
(t
)
3
150
0
150
0
150
0
150
0
ns
ns
PHWL PHEL
CE# (WE#) Setup to WE# (CE#)
Low
t
(t
)
ELWL WLEL
WE# (CE#) Write Pulse Width
Low
W3
W4
W5
t
(t
)
4
50
50
50
60
60
60
40
40
40
60
60
60
ns
ns
ns
WLWH ELEH
t
(t
)
Data Setup to WE# (CE#) High
DVWH DVEH
Address Setup to WE# (CE#)
High
t
(t
)
AVWH AVEH
t
(t
CE# (WE#) Hold from WE# (CE#)
High
WHEH
EHWH
W6
W7
W8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ns
ns
ns
)
t
(t
)
)
Data Hold from WE# (CE#) High
WHDX EHDX
Address Hold from WE# (CE#)
High
t
(t
WHAX EHAX
W9
t
(t
)
)
WE# (CE#) Pulse Width High
VPP Setup to WE# (CE#) High
VPP Hold from Valid SRD
5,6,7
3
20
200
0
25
200
0
20
200
0
25
200
0
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
WHWL EHEL
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
t
(t
VPWH VPEH
t
t
3,8
3,8
3
QVVL
QVBL
WP# Hold from Valid SRD
WP# Setup to WE# (CE#) High
Write Recovery before Read
0
0
0
0
t
(t
)
)
200
0
200
0
200
0
200
0
BHWH BHEH
t
(t
WHGL EHGL
tAVQV
+ 25
tAVQV
+ 55
tAVQV
+20
tAVQV
+50
W16
t
WE# High to Valid Data
3,6,10
ns
WHQV
W18
W19
W20
t
WE# High to Address Valid
WE# High to CLK Valid
WE# High to ADV# High
3,9,10
3,10
0
0
0
0
ns
ns
ns
WHAV
WHCV
WHVH
t
t
16
16
20
20
12
12
20
20
3,10
NOTES:
1. Write timing characteristics during erase suspend are the same as during write-only operations.
2. A write operation can be terminated with either CE# or WE#.
3. Sampled, not 100% tested.
4. Write pulse width low (t
(whichever occurs first). Hence, t
or t
) is defined from CE# or WE# low (whichever occurs last) to CE# or WE# high
WLWH
ELEH
= t
= t
= t
.
ELWH
WLWH
ELEH
WLEH
5. Write pulse width high (t
or t
) is defined from CE# or WE# high (whichever is first) to CE# or WE# low (whichever is
WHWL
EHEL
EHEL
last). Hence, t
= t
= t
= t
.
WHWL
WHEL
EHWL
6. System designers should take this into account and may insert a software No-Op instruction to delay the first read after
issuing a command.
7. For commands other than resume commands.
8. V should be held at V
9. Applicable during asynchronous reads following a write.
or V
until block erase or program success is determined.
PP
PP1
PP2
10.tWHCH/L OR tWHVH must be met when transitioning from a write cycle to a synchronous burst read. tWHCH/L and tWHVH both refer to
the address latching event (either the rising/falling clock edge or the rising ADV# edge, whichever occurs first).
42
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
l
Table 14. AC Write Characteristics – .18 µm Lithography
32-Mbit
64-Mbit
128-Mbit
#
Sym
Parameter 1,2
Notes
Unit
-70
-85
Min Max Min Max
W1
W2
t
(t
)
RST# High Recovery to WE# (CE#) Low
CE# (WE#) Setup to WE# (CE#) Low
WE# (CE#) Write Pulse Width Low
Data Setup to WE# (CE#) High
Address Setup to WE# (CE#) High
CE# (WE#) Hold from WE# (CE#) High
Data Hold from WE# (CE#) High
Address Hold from WE# (CE#) High
WE# (CE#) Pulse Width High
3
4
150
0
150
0
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
PHWL PHEL
t
(t
)
ELWL WLEL
W3
t
(t
)
45
45
45
0
60
60
60
0
WLWH ELEH
W4
t
(t
)
DVWH DVEH
W5
t
(t
)
AVWH AVEH
W6
t
(t
)
WHEH EHWH
W7
t
(t
)
0
0
WHDX EHDX
W8
t
(t
)
)
)
0
0
WHAX EHAX
W9
t
(t
5,6,7
3
25
200
0
25
200
0
WHWL EHEL
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
t
(t
VPP Setup to WE# (CE#) High
VPP Hold from Valid SRD
VPWH VPEH
t
t
3,8
3,8
3
QVVL
QVBL
WP# Hold from Valid SRD
0
0
t
(t
)
)
WP# Setup to WE# (CE#) High
Write Recovery before Read
200
0
200
0
BHWH BHEH
t
(t
WHGL EHGL
tAVQV
+ 40
tAVQV
+ 50
W16
t
WE# High to Valid Data
3,6,10
ns
WHQV
W18
t
WE# High to Address Valid
WE# High to CLK Valid
WE# High to ADV# High
3,9,10
3,10
0
0
ns
ns
ns
WHAV
WHCV
WHVH
W19
t
t
20
20
20
20
W20
3,10
NOTES:
1. Write timing characteristics during erase suspend are the same as during write-only operations.
2. A write operation can be terminated with either CE# or WE#.
3. Sampled, not 100% tested.
4. Write pulse width low (t
high (whichever occurs first). Hence, t
5. Write pulse width high (t
(whichever is last). Hence, t
or t
) is defined from CE# or WE# low (whichever occurs last) to CE# or WE#
WLWH
ELEH
= t
= t
= t
.
ELWH
WLWH
ELEH
WLEH
or t
) is defined from CE# or WE# high (whichever is first) to CE# or WE# low
WHWL
EHEL
= t
= t
= t
.
EHWL
WHWL
EHEL
WHEL
6. System designers should take this into account and may insert a software No-Op instruction to delay the first
read after issuing a command.
7. For commands other than resume commands.
8. V should be held at V
9. Applicable during asynchronous reads following a write.
or V
until block erase or program success is determined.
PP
PP1
PP2
10.tWHCH/L OR tWHVH must be met when transitioning from a write cycle to a synchronous burst read. tWHCH/L and tWHVH
both refer to the address latching event (either the rising/falling clock edge or the rising ADV# edge, whichever
occurs first).
Datasheet
43
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 19. Write Operations Waveform
VIH
CLK [C]
VIL
W19
Note 1
Note 2
W5
Note 3
Note 4
W18
Note 5
VIH
VIL
Valid
Address
Valid
Address
Valid
Address
Address [A]
R101
R105
VIH
R106
W8
ADV# [V]
VIL
R104
W2
W20
VIH
VIL
Note 6
CE# (WE#) [E(W)]
OE# [G]
W6
VIH
VIL
W3
W14
W9
VIH
VIL
Note 6
WE# (CE#) [W(E)]
Data [Q]
W1
W7
W16
VIH
VIL
Valid
SRD
Data In
Data In
W4
VIH
VIL
RST# [P]
W12
W11
W13
W10
VIH
VIL
WP# [B]
VPPH
VPPLK
VIL
VPP [V]
NOTES:
1. V power-up and standby.
CC
2. Write Program or Erase Setup command.
3. Write valid address and data (for program) or Erase Confirm command.
4. Automated program/erase delay.
5. Read status register data (SRD) to determine program/erase operation completion.
6. OE# and CE# must be asserted and WE# must be deasserted for read operations.
7. CLK is ignored. (but may be kept active/toggling)
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Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 20. Asynchronous Read to Write Operation Waveform
R1
R2
W5
W8
Address [A]
CE# [E}
R3
R8
R4
R9
OE# [G]
W3
W2
W6
WE# [W]
R7
R6
W7
R10
W4
Data [D/Q]
RST# [P]
Q
D
R5
Figure 21. Asynchronous Write to Read Operation
W5
W8
R1
Address [A]
W2
W6
R10
CE# [E}
W3
W18
WE# [W]
W14
OE# [G]
R4
R2
R3
W7
R9
W4
R8
Data [D/Q]
RST# [P]
D
Q
W1
Datasheet
45
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 22. Synchronous Read to Write Operation
Latency Count
R301
R302
R306
CLK[C]
R2
W5
R101
W18
Address [A]
R105
R106
R102
R104
W20
ADV# [V]
R303
R3
R11
W6
CE# [E]
R4
R8
OE# [G]
W15
W19
W9
W3
W2
W8
WE#
R12
R307
R304
WAIT [T]
R13
R7
R305
W7
Data [D /Q]
Q
D
D
Figure 23. Synchronous Write To Read Operation
Lat ency Count
R2
R302
R301
CLK
W5
W8
R306
Address [A]
ADV#
W20
R106
R104
W6
R303
W2
R11
CE# [E}
W18
W19
W3
WE# [W]
OE# [G]
WAIT [T]
R4
R12
R307
W7
R304
R304
R305
W4
R3
Data [D/Q]
RST# [P]
D
Q
Q
W1
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Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
7.6
Erase and Program Times
Table 15. Erase and Program Times
V
V
PP2
PP1
Operation
Symbol
Parameter
Description1
Notes
Unit
Typ
Max
Typ
Max
Erasing and Suspending
W500
Erase Time
tERS/PB
4-Kword Parameter Block
32-Kword Main Block
Program Suspend
2,3
2,3
2
0.3
0.7
5
2.5
4
0.25
0.4
5
2.5
4
s
s
W501
t
t
t
ERS/MB
SUSP/P
SUSP/E
W600
10
20
10
20
µs
µs
Suspend
Latency
W601
Erase Suspend
2
5
5
Programming
W200
tPROG/W
tPROG/PB
tPROG/MB
Single Word
2
12
0.05
0.4
150
.23
1.8
8
130
0.07
0.6
µs
s
Program
Time
W201
4-Kword Parameter Block
32-Kword Main Block
2,3
2,3
0.03
0.24
W202
s
Enhanced Factory Programming5
W400
W401
W402
W403
W404
W405
tEFP/W
tEFP/PB
tEFP/MB
Single Word
4
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3.1
15
16
µs
ms
ms
µs
µs
µs
Program
4-Kword Parameter Block
32-Kword Main Block
EFP Setup
2,3
2,3
120
t
t
t
N/A
N/A
N/A
5
EFP/SETUP
EFP/TRAN
EFP/VERIFY
Operation
Latency
Program to Verify Transition
Verify
N/A
N/A
2.7
1.7
5.6
130
NOTES:
1. Unless noted otherwise, all parameters are measured at T = +25 °C and nominal voltages, and they are sampled, not 100%
A
tested.
2. Excludes external system-level overhead.
3. Exact results may vary based on system overhead.
4. W400-Typ is the calculated delay for a single programming pulse. W400-Max includes the delay when programming within a
new word-line.
5. Some EFP performance degradation may occur if block cycling exceeds 10.
8.0
Power and Reset Specifications
1.8 Volt Intel® Wireless Flash memory devices have a layered approach to power savings that can
significantly reduce overall system power consumption. The APS feature reduces power
consumption when the device is selected but idle. If CE# is deasserted, the memory enters its
standby mode, where current consumption is even lower. Asserting RST# provides current savings
similar to standby mode. The combination of these features can minimize memory power
consumption, and therefore, overall system power consumption.
Datasheet
47
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
8.1
8.2
Active Power
With CE# at VIL and RST# at VIH, the device is in the active mode. Refer to Section 6.1, “DC
Current Characteristics (.13 µm and .18 µm)” on page 24, for ICC values. When the device is in
“active” state, it consumes the most power from the system. Minimizing device active current
therefore reduces system power consumption, especially in battery-powered applications.
Automatic Power Savings (APS)
Automatic Power Saving (APS) provides low-power operation during a read’s active state. During
APS mode, ICCAPS is the average current measured over any 5 ms time interval 5 µs after the
following events happen:
• There is no internal sense activity;
• CE# is asserted;
• The address lines are quiescent, and at VSSQ or VCCQ
.
OE# may be asserted during APS.
8.3
Standby Power
With CE# at VIH and the device in read mode, the flash memory is in standby mode, which disables
most device circuitry and substantially reduces power consumption. Outputs are placed in a high-
impedance state independent of the OE# signal state. If CE# transitions to VIH during erase or
program operations, the device continues the operation and consumes corresponding active power
until the operation is complete. ICCS is the average current measured over any 5 ms time interval 5
µs after a CE# de-assertion.
8.4
Power-Up/Down Characteristics
The device is protected against accidental block erasure or programming during power transitions.
Power supply sequencing is not required if VCC, VCCQ, and VPP are connected together; so it
doesn’t matter whether VPP or VCC powers-up first. If VCCQ and/or VPP are not connected to the
system supply, then VCC should attain VCCMIN before applying VCCQ and VPP. Device inputs
should not be driven before supply voltage = VCCMIN. Power supply transitions should only occur
when RST# is low.
8.4.1
System Reset and RST#
The use of RST# during system reset is important with automated program/erase devices because
the system expects to read from the flash memory when it comes out of reset. If a CPU reset occurs
without a flash memory reset, proper CPU initialization will not occur because the flash memory
may be providing status information instead of array data. To allow proper CPU/flash initialization
at system reset, connect RST# to the system CPU RESET# signal.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
System designers must guard against spurious writes when VCC voltages are above VLKO
.
Because both WE# and CE# must be low for a command write, driving either signal to VIH inhibits
writes to the device. The CUI architecture provides additional protection because alteration of
memory contents can only occur after successful completion of the two-step command sequences.
The device is also disabled until RST# is brought to VIH, regardless of its control input states. By
holding the device in reset (RST# connected to system PowerGood) during power-up/down,
invalid bus conditions during power-up can be masked, providing yet another level of memory
protection.
8.4.2
VCC, VPP, and RST# Transitions
The CUI latches commands issued by system software and is not altered by VPP or CE# transitions
or WSM actions. Read-array mode is its power-up default state after exit from reset mode or after
VCC transitions above VLKO (Lockout voltage).
After completing program or block erase operations (even after VPP transitions below VPPLK), the
Read Array command must reset the CUI to read-array mode if flash memory array access is
desired.
8.5
Power Supply Decoupling
When the device is accessed, many internal conditions change. Circuits are enabled to charge
pumps and switch voltages. This internal activity produces transient noise. To minimize the effect
of this transient noise, device decoupling capacitors are required. Transient current magnitudes
depend on the device outputs’ capacitive and inductive loading. Two-line control and proper
decoupling capacitor selection suppresses these transient voltage peaks. Each flash device should
have a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor connected between each power (VCC, VCCQ, VPP), and ground
(VSS, VSSQ) signal. High-frequency, inherently low-inductance capacitors should be as close as
possible to package signals.
8.6
Reset Specifications
Table 16. Reset Specifications
#
Symbol
Parameter1
Notes
Min
Max
Unit
P1
t
t
t
RST# Low to Reset during Read
RST# Low to Reset during Block Erase
RST# Low to Reset during Program
VCC Power Valid to Reset
1, 2, 3, 4
1, 3, 4, 5
1, 3, 4, 5
1,3,4,5,6
100
ns
µs
µs
µs
PLPH
20
10
P2
PLRH
P3
60
VCCPH
NOTES:
1. These specifications are valid for all product versions (packages and speeds).
2. The device may reset if t < t Min, but this is not guaranteed.
PLPH PLPH
3. Not applicable if RST# is tied to VCC.
4. Sampled, but not 100% tested.
5. If RST# is tied to VCC, the device is not ready until t
occurs after when V ≥ V Min.
CC CC
VCCPH
6. If RST# is tied to any supply/signal with V
voltage levels, the RST# input voltage must not exceed V until V
≥
CCQ
CC
CC
V
Min.
CC
Datasheet
49
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 24. Reset Operations Waveforms
P1
P2
P2
P3
R5
VIH
VIL
(
A) Reset during
RST# [P]
RST# [P]
RST# [P]
VCC
read mode
Abort
Complete
R5
(B) Reset during
VIH
VIL
program or block erase
P1
≤ P2
Abort
Complete
R5
(C) Reset during
VIH
VIL
program or block erase
P1
≥ P2
VCC
0V
(D) VCC Power-up to
RST# high
9.0
Device Operations
This section provides an overview of device operations. The 1.8 Volt Intel® Wireless Flash memory
family includes an on-chip WSM to manage block erase and program algorithms. Its CUI allows
minimal processor overhead with RAM-like interface timings.
9.1
Bus Operations
Table 17. Bus Operations
Mode
RST#
CE#
OE#
WE#
ADV#
WAIT
D[15:0]
Notes
Reset
Write
Read
V
X
X
X
X
High-Z
Asserted
Active
High-Z
1,2
3
IL
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
D
IN
IH
IH
IH
IH
IL
IL
IL
IH
IH
IL
IH
IH
IL
IL
V
V
V
D
4
IL
OUT
Output Disable
Standby
V
X
Asserted
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
1
IH
V
X
X
X
1
NOTES:
1. X = Don’t Care (V or V ).
IL
SS
IH
2. RST# must be at V
0.2 V to meet the maximum specified power-down current.
3. Refer to the Table 19, “Bus Cycle Definitions” on page 55 for valid D during a write operation.
IN
4. WAIT is only valid during synchronous array read operations.
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Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
9.1.1
Read
The 1.8 Volt Intel Wireless Flash memory has several read configurations:
• Asynchronous page mode read.
• Synchronous burst mode read — outputs four, eight, sixteen, or continuous words, from main
blocks and parameter blocks.
Several read modes are available in each partition:
• Read-array mode: read accesses return flash array data from the addressed locations.
• Read identifier mode: reads return manufacturer and device identifier data, block lock status,
and protection register data. Identifier information can be accessed starting at 4-Mbit partition
base addresses; the flash array is not accessible in read identifier mode.
• Read query mode: reads return device CFI data. CFI information can be accessed starting at
4-Mbit partition base addresses; the flash array is not accessible in read query mode.
• Read status register mode: reads return status register data from the addressed partition. That
partition’s array data is not accessible. A system processor can check the status register to
determine an addressed partition’s state or monitor program and erase progress.
All partitions support the synchronous burst mode that internally sequences addresses with respect
to the input CLK to select and supply data to the outputs.
Identifier codes, query data, and status register read operations execute as single-synchronous or
asynchronous read cycles. WAIT is asserted during these reads.
Access to the modes listed above is independent of VPP. An appropriate CUI command places the
device in a read mode. At initial power-up or after reset, the device defaults to asynchronous read-
array mode.
Asserting CE# enables device read operations. The device internally decodes upper address inputs
to determine which partition is accessed. Asserting ADV# opens the internal address latches.
Asserting OE# activates the outputs and gates selected data onto the I/O bus. In asynchronous
mode, the address is latched when ADV# is deasserted (when the device is configured to use
ADV#). In synchronous mode, the address is latched by either the rising edge of ADV# or the
rising (or falling) CLK edge while ADV# remains asserted, whichever occurs first. WE# and RST#
must be at deasserted during read operations.
Note: If only asynchronous reads are to be performed in your system, CLK should be tied to a valid VIH
level, WAIT signal can be floated and ADV# must be tied to ground.
9.1.2
Burst Suspend
The Burst Suspend feature allows the system to temporarily suspend a synchronous burst operation
if the system needs to use the flash address and data bus for other purposes. Burst accesses can be
suspended during the initial latency (before data is received) or after the device has output data.
When a burst access is suspended, internal array sensing continues and any previously latched
internal data is retained.
Burst Suspend occurs when CE# is asserted, the current address has been latched (either ADV#
rising edge or valid CLK edge), CLK is halted, and OE# is deasserted. CLK can be halted when it
is at VIH or VIL. To resume the burst access, OE# is reasserted and CLK is restarted. Subsequent
CLK edges resume the burst sequence where it left off.
Datasheet
51
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Within the device, CE# gates WAIT. Therefore, during Burst Suspend WAIT remains asserted and
does not revert to a high-impedance state when OE# is deasserted. This can cause contention with
another device attempting to control the system’s READY signal during a Burst Suspend. System
using the Burst Suspend feature should not connect the device’s WAIT signal directly to the
system’s READY signal.
Refer to Figure 18, “Burst Suspend” on page 41.
9.1.3
9.1.4
Standby
De-asserting CE# deselects the device and places it in standby mode, substantially reducing device
power consumption. In standby mode, outputs are placed in a high-impedance state independent of
OE#. If deselected during a program or erase algorithm, the device shall consume active power
until the program or erase operation completes.
Reset
The device enters a reset mode when RST# is asserted. In reset mode, internal circuitry is turned
off and outputs are placed in a high-impedance state.
After returning from reset, a time tPHQV is required until outputs are valid, and a delay (tPHWV) is
required before a write sequence can be initiated. After this wake-up interval, normal operation is
restored. The device defaults to read-array mode, the status register is set to 80h, and the
configuration register defaults to asynchronous page-mode reads.
If RST# is asserted during an erase or program operation, the operation aborts and the memory
contents at the aborted block or address are invalid. See Figure 24, “Reset Operations Waveforms”
on page 50 for detailed information regarding reset timings.
Like any automated device, it is important to assert RST# during system reset. When the system
comes out of reset, the processor expects to read from the flash memory array. Automated flash
memories provide status information when read during program or erase operations. If a CPU reset
occurs with no flash memory reset, proper CPU initialization may not occur because the flash
memory may be providing status information instead of array data. 1.8 Volt Intel Flash memories
allow proper CPU initialization following a system reset through the use of the RST# input. In this
application, RST# is controlled by the same CPU reset signal, RESET#.
9.1.5
Write
A write occurs when CE# and WE# are asserted and OE# is deasserted. Flash control commands
are written to the CUI using standard microprocessor write timings. Proper use of the ADV# input
is needed for proper latching of the addresses. Refer to Section 7.5, “AC Write Operations” on
page 42 for details. The address and data are latched on the rising edge of WE#. Write operations
are asynchronous; CLK is ignored (but still may be kept active/toggling).
The CUI does not occupy an addressable memory location within any partition. The system
processor must access it at the correct address range depending on the kind of command executed.
Programming or erasing may occur in only one partition at a time. Other partitions must be in one
of the read modes or erase suspend mode.
Table 18, “Command Codes and Descriptions” on page 53 shows the available commands.
Appendix A, “Write State Machine States” on page 87 provides information on moving between
different operating modes using CUI commands.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
9.2
Device Commands
The device’s on-chip WSM manages erase and program algorithms. This local CPU (WSM)
controls the device’s in-system read, program, and erase operations. Bus cycles to or from the flash
memory conform to standard microprocessor bus cycles. RST#, CE#, OE#, WE#, and ADV#
control signals dictate data flow into and out of the device. WAIT informs the CPU of valid data
during burst reads. Table 17, “Bus Operations” on page 50 summarizes bus operations.
Device operations are selected by writing specific commands into the device’s CUI. Table 18,
“Command Codes and Descriptions” on page 53 lists all possible command codes and
descriptions. Table 19, “Bus Cycle Definitions” on page 55 lists command definitions. Because
commands are partition-specific, it is important to issue write commands within the target address
range.
Table 18. Command Codes and Descriptions (Sheet 1 of 2)
Device
Command
Operation
Code
Description
FFh
70h
Read Array
Places selected partition in read-array mode.
Read Status
Register
Places selected partition in status register read mode. The partition enters this
mode after a Program or Erase command is issued to it.
Puts the selected partition in read identifier mode. Device reads from partition
addresses output manufacturer/device codes, configuration register data, block
lock status, or protection register data on D[15:0].
90h
98h
50h
Read Identifier
Read Query
Read
Puts the addressed partition in read query mode. Device reads from the partition
addresses output CFI information on D[7:0].
The WSM can set the status register’s block lock (SR[1]), V (SR[3]), program
PP
Clear Status
Register
(SR[4]), and erase (SR[5]) status bits, but it cannot clear them. SR[5:3,1] can
only be cleared by a device reset or through the Clear Status Register command.
This preferred program command’s first cycle prepares the CUI for a program
operation. The second cycle latches address and data, and executes the WSM
program algorithm at this location. Status register updates occur when CE# or
OE# is toggled. A Read Array command is required to read array data after
programming.
Word Program
Setup
40h
10h
30h
Alternate Setup
EFP Setup
Equivalent to a Program Setup command (40h).
Program
This program command activates EFP mode. The first write cycle sets up the
command. If the second cycle is an EFP Confirm command (D0h), subsequent
writes provide program data. All other commands are ignored after EFP mode
begins.
If the first command was EFP Setup (30h), the CUI latches the address and data,
and prepares the device for EFP mode.
D0h
20h
EFP Confirm
Erase Setup
This command prepares the CUI for Block Erase. The device erases the block
addressed by the Erase Confirm command. If the next command is not Erase
Confirm, the CUI sets status register bits SR[5:4] to indicate command sequence
error and places the partition in the read status register mode.
Erase
If the first command was Erase Setup (20h), the CUI latches address and data,
and erases the block indicated by the erase confirm cycle address. During
program or erase, the partition responds only to Read Status Register, Program
Suspend, and Erase Suspend commands. CE# or OE# toggle updates status
register data.
D0h
Erase Confirm
Datasheet
53
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 18. Command Codes and Descriptions (Sheet 2 of 2)
Device
Command
Operation
Code
Description
This command, issued at any device address, suspends the currently executing
program or erase operation. Status register data indicates the operation was
successfully suspended if SR[2] (program suspend) or SR[6] (erase suspend)
and SR[7] are set. The WSM remains in the suspended state regardless of
control signal states (except RST#).
Program
Suspend or
Erase Suspend
B0h
Suspend
Suspend
Resume
This command, issued at any device address, resumes the suspended program
or erase operation.
D0h
60h
01h
This command prepares the CUI lock configuration. If the next command is not
Lock Block, Unlock Block, or Lock-Down, the CUI sets SR[5:4] to indicate
command sequence error.
Lock Setup
Lock Block
If the previous command was Lock Setup (60h), the CUI locks the addressed
block.
Block Locking
If the previous command was Lock Setup (60h), the CUI latches the address and
unlocks the addressed block. If previously locked-down, the operation has no
effect.
D0h Unlock Block
If the previous command was Lock Setup (60h), the CUI latches the address and
locks-down the addressed block.
2Fh
Lock-Down
Protection
This command prepares the CUI for a protection register program operation. The
second cycle latches address and data, and starts the WSM’s protection register
program or lock algorithm. Toggling CE# or OE# updates the flash status register
data. To read array data after programming, issue a Read Array command.
Protection
C0h Program
Setup
This command prepares the CUI for device configuration. If Set Configuration
Register is not the next command, the CUI sets SR[5:4] to indicate command
sequence error.
Configuration
Setup
60h
03h
Configuration
Set
Configuration
Register
If the previous command was Configuration Setup (60h), the CUI latches the
address and writes the data from A[15:0] into the configuration register.
Subsequent read operations access array data.
NOTE: Do not use unassigned commands. Intel reserves the right to redefine these codes for future functions.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 19. Bus Cycle Definitions
First Bus Cycle
Second Bus Cycle
Bus
Operation
Command
Cycles
Oper
Addr1
Data2,3
Oper
Addr1
Data2,3
Read
Address
Array
Data
Read Array/Reset
≥1
Write
PnA
FFh
Read
Read Identifier
Read Query
≥ 2
≥ 2
2
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
Write
PnA
PnA
PnA
XX
90h
98h
Read
Read
Read
PBA+IA
PBA+QA
PnA
IC
Read
QD
Read Status Register
Clear Status Register
Block Erase
70h
SRD
1
50h
2
BA
20h
Write
Write
Write
BA
WA
WA
D0h
WD
D0h
Word Program
EFP
2
WA
WA
XX
40h/10h
30h
Program
and
Erase
>2
1
Program/Erase Suspend
Program/Erase Resume
Lock Block
B0h
D0h
60h
1
XX
2
BA
Write
Write
Write
BA
BA
BA
01h
D0h
2Fh
Lock
Unlock Block
2
BA
60h
Lock-Down Block
2
BA
60h
Protection Program
2
2
2
Write
Write
Write
PA
LPA
CD
C0h
C0h
60h
Write
Write
Write
PA
LPA
CD
PD
FFFDh
03h
Protection
Lock Protection Program
Configuration Set Configuration Register
NOTES:
1. First-cycle command addresses should be the same as the operation’s target address. Examples: the first-cycle address for
the Read Identifier command should be the same as the Identification code address (IA); the first-cycle address for the Word
Program command should be the same as the word address (WA) to be programmed; the first-cycle address for the Erase/
Program Suspend command should be the same as the address within the block to be suspended; etc.
XX = Any valid address within the device.
IA = Identification code address.
BA = Block Address. Any address within a specific block.
LPA = Lock Protection Address is obtained from the CFI (through the Read Query command). The 1.8 Volt Intel Wireless
Flash memory family’s LPA is at 0080h.
PA = User programmable 4-word protection address.
PnA = Any address within a specific partition.
PBA = Partition Base Address. The very first address of a particular partition.
QA = Query code address.
WA = Word address of memory location to be written.
2. SRD = Status register data.
WD = Data to be written at location WA.
IC = Identifier code data.
PD = User programmable 4-word protection data.
QD = Query code data on D[7:0].
CD = Configuration register code data presented on device addresses A[15:0]. A[MAX:16] address bits can select any
partition. See Table 26, “Configuration Register Definitions” on page 79 for configuration register bits descriptions.
3. Commands other than those shown above are reserved by Intel for future device implementations and should not be used.
Datasheet
55
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
9.3
Command Sequencing
When issuing a 2-cycle write sequence to the flash device, a read operation is allowed to occur
between the two write cycles. The setup phase of a 2-cycle write sequence places the addressed
partition into read-status mode, so if the same partition is read before the second “confirm” write
cycle is issued, status register data will be returned. Reads from other partitions, however, can
return actual array data assuming the addressed partition is already in read-array mode. Figure 25
on page 56 and Figure 26 on page 56 illustrate these two conditions.
Figure 25. Normal Write and Read Cycles
Address [A]
WE# [W]
OE# [G]
Partition A
Partition A
Partition A
Data [Q]
20h
Block Erase Setup
D0h
Block Erase Conf irm
FFh
Read Array
Figure 26. Interleaving a 2-Cycle Write Sequence with an Array Read
Address [A]
WE# [W]
OE# [G]
Partition B
Partition A
Partition B
Partition A
Data [Q]
FFh
Read Array
20h
Erase Setup
Array Data
Bus Read
D0h
Erase Confirm
By contrast, a write bus cycle may not interrupt a 2-cycle write sequence. Doing so causes a
command sequence error to appear in the status register. Figure 27 illustrates a command sequence
error.
Figure 27. Improper Command Sequencing
Address [A]
WE# [W]
Partition X
Partition Y
Partition X
Partition X
OE# [G]
Data [D/Q]
20h
FFh
D0h
SR Data
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
10.0
Read Operations
10.1
Read Array
The Read Array command places (or resets) the partition in read-array mode and is used to read
data from the flash memory array. Upon initial device power-up, or after reset (RST# transitions
from VIL to VIH), all partitions default to asynchronous read-array mode. To read array data from
the flash device, first write the Read Array command (FFh) to the CUI and specify the desired
word address. Then read from that address. If a partition is already in read-array mode, issuing the
Read Array command is not required to read from that partition.
If the Read Array command is written to a partition that is erasing or programming, the device
presents invalid data on the bus until the program or erase operation completes. After the program
or erase finishes in that partition, valid array data can then be read. If an Erase Suspend or Program
Suspend command suspends the WSM, a subsequent Read Array command places the addressed
partition in read-array mode. The Read Array command functions independently of VPP.
10.2
Read Device ID
The read identifier mode outputs the manufacturer/device identifier, block lock status, protection
register codes, and configuration register data. The identifier information is contained within a
separate memory space on the device and can be accessed along the 4-Mbit partition address range
supplied by the Read Identifier command (90h) address. Reads from addresses in Table 20 retrieve
ID information. Issuing a Read Identifier command to a partition that is programming or erasing
places that partition’s outputs in read ID mode while the partition continues to program or erase in
the background.
Table 20. Device Identification Codes (Sheet 1 of 2)
Address1
Item
Data
Description
Base
Offset
Manufacturer ID
Device ID
Partition
00h
0089h
8862h
32-Mbit TPD
8863h
32-Mbit BPD
8864h
64-Mbit TPD
Partition
Block
01h
8865h
64-Mbit BPD
8866h
128-Mbit TPD
8867h
128-Mbit BPD
D0 = 0
D0 = 1
D1 = 0
D1 = 1
Register Data
Block is unlocked
Block is locked
Block is not locked-down
Block is locked down
Block Lock Status(2)
02h
Block Lock-Down Status(2)
Configuration Register
Block
02h
05h
Partition
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 20. Device Identification Codes (Sheet 2 of 2)
Address1
Item
Data
Description
Base
Offset
Protection Register Lock Status
Protection Register
NOTES:
Partition
80h
Lock Data
Multiple reads required to read
Partition
81h - 88h
Register Data the entire 128-bit Protection
Register.
1. The address is constructed from a base address plus an offset. For example, to read the Block Lock Status
for block number 38 in a BPD, set the address to the BBA (0F8000h) plus the offset (02h), i.e. 0F8002h.
Then examine bit 0 of the data to determine if the block is locked.
2. See Section 13.1.4, “Block Lock Status” on page 73 for valid lock status.
10.3
10.4
Read Query (CFI)
This device contains a separate CFI query database that acts as an “on-chip datasheet.” The CFI
information within this device can be accessed by issuing the Read Query command and supplying
a specific address. The address is constructed from the base address of a partition plus a particular
offset corresponding to the desired CFI field. Appendix B, “Common Flash Interface” on page 90
shows accessible CFI fields and their address offsets. Issuing the Read Query command to a
partition that is programming or erasing puts that partition in read query mode while the partition
continues to program or erase in the background.
Read Status Register
The device’s status register displays program and erase operation status. A partition’s status can be
read after writing the Read Status Register command to any location within the partition’s address
range. Read-status mode is the default read mode following a Program, Erase, or Lock Block
command sequence. Subsequent single reads from that partition will return its status until another
valid command is written.
The read-status mode supports single synchronous and single asynchronous reads only; it doesn’t
support burst reads. The first falling edge of OE# or CE# latches and updates status register data.
The operation doesn’t affect other partitions’ modes. Because the status register is 8 bits wide, only
DQ [7:0] contains valid status register data; DQ [15:8] contains zeros. See Table 21, “Status
Register Definitions” on page 59 and Table 22, “Status Register Descriptions” on page 59.
Each 4-Mbit partition contains its own status register. Bits SR[6:0] are unique to each partition, but
SR[7], the Device WSM Status (DWS) bit, pertains to the entire device. SR[7] provides program
and erase status of the entire device. By contrast, the Partition WSM Status (PWS) bit, SR[0],
provides program and erase status of the addressed partition only. Status register bits SR[6:1]
present information about partition-specific program, erase, suspend, VPP, and block-lock states.
Table 23, “Status Register Device WSM and Partition Write Status Description” on page 59
presents descriptions of DWS (SR[7]) and PWS (SR[0]) combinations.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 21. Status Register Definitions
DWS
7
ESS
6
ES
5
PS
4
VPPS
3
PSS
2
DPS
1
PWS
0
Table 22. Status Register Descriptions
Bit
Name
State
Description
SR[7] indicates erase or program completion in the
device. SR[6:1] are invalid while SR[7] = 0. See Table
23 for valid SR[7] and SR[0] combinations.
DWS
0 = Device WSM is Busy
1 = Device WSM is Ready
7
Device WSM Status
After issuing an Erase Suspend command, the WSM
halts and sets SR[7] and SR[6]. SR[6] remains set until
the device receives an Erase Resume command.
ESS
0 = Erase in progress/completed
6
Erase Suspend Status 1 = Erase suspended
ES
0 = Erase successful
1 = Erase error
SR[5] is set if an attempted erase failed. A Command
Sequence Error is indicated when SR[7,5:4] are set.
5
4
Erase Status
PS
0 = Program successful
1 = Program error
SR[4] is set if the WSM failed to program a word.
Program Status
The WSM indicates the V level after program or
erase completes. SR[3] does not provide continuous
PP
VPPS
0 = V OK
PP
3
2
VPP Status
1 = V low detect, operation aborted
PP
V
feedback and isn’t guaranteed when V ≠ V
.
PP
PP
PP1/2
PSS
After receiving a Program Suspend command, the
WSM halts execution and sets SR[7] and SR[2]. They
remain set until a Resume command is received.
0 = Program in progress/completed
1 = Program suspended
Program Suspend
Status
0 = Unlocked
If an erase or program operation is attempted to a
DPS
1
0
locked block (if WP# = V ), the WSM sets SR[1] and
1 = Aborted erase/program attempt on
locked block
IL
Device Protect Status
aborts the operation.
Addressed partition is erasing or programming. In EFP
mode, SR[0] indicates that a data-stream word has
finished programming or verifying depending on the
particular EFP phase. See Table 23 for valid SR[7] and
SR[0] combinations.
0 = This partition is busy, but only if
SR[7]=0
PWS
Partition Write Status 1 = Another partition is busy, but only if
SR[7]=0
Table 23. Status Register Device WSM and Partition Write Status Description
DWS
(SR[7])
PWS
(SR[0])
Description
The addressed partition is performing a program/erase operation.
0
0
0
1
EFP: device has finished programming or verifying data, or is ready for data.
A partition other than the one currently addressed is performing a program/erase operation.
EFP: the device is either programming or verifying data.
No program/erase operation is in progress in any partition. Erase and Program suspend bits (SR[6,2])
indicate whether other partitions are suspended.
1
1
0
1
EFP: the device has exited EFP mode.
Won’t occur in standard program or erase modes.
EFP: this combination does not occur.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
10.5
Clear Status Register
The Clear Status Register command clears the status register and leaves all partition output states
unchanged. The WSM can set all status register bits and clear bits SR[7:6,2,0]. Because bits
SR[5,4,3,1] indicate various error conditions, they can only be cleared by the Clear Status Register
command. By allowing system software to reset these bits, several operations (such as
cumulatively programming several addresses or erasing multiple blocks in sequence) can be
performed before reading the status register to determine error occurrence. If an error is detected,
the Status Register must be cleared before beginning another command or sequence. Device reset
(RST# = VIL) also clears the status register. This command functions independently of VPP.
11.0
Program Operations
11.1
Word Program
When the Word Program command is issued, the WSM executes a sequence of internally timed
events to program a word at the desired address and verify that the bits are sufficiently
programmed. Programming the flash array changes specifically addressed bits to 0; 1 bits do not
change the memory cell contents.
Programming can occur in only one partition at a time. All other partitions must be in either a read
mode or erase suspend mode. Only one partition can be in erase suspend mode at a time.
The status register can be examined for program progress by reading any address within the
partition that is busy programming. However, while most status register bits are partition-specific,
the Device WSM Status bit, SR[7], is device-specific; that is, if the status register is read from any
other partition, SR[7] indicates program status of the entire device. This permits the system CPU to
monitor program progress while reading the status of other partitions.
CE# or OE# toggle (during polling) updates the status register. Several commands can be issued to
a partition that is programming: Read Status Register, Program Suspend, Read Identifier, and Read
Query. The Read Array command can also be issued, but the read data is indeterminate.
After programming completes, three status register bits can signify various possible error
conditions. SR[4] indicates a program failure if set. If SR[3] is set, the WSM couldn’t execute the
Word Program command because VPP was outside acceptable limits. If SR[1] is set, the program
was aborted because the WSM attempted to program a locked block.
After the status register data is examined, clear it with the Clear Status Register command before a
new command is issued. The partition remains in status register mode until another command is
written to that partition. Any command can be issued after the status register indicates program
completion.
If CE# is deasserted while the device is programming, the devices will not enter standby mode until
the program operation completes.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 28. Word Program Flowchart
WORD PROGRAM PROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Start
Command
Comments
Program Data = 40h
Write
Write
Read
Setup
Addr = Location to program (WA)
Write 40h,
Word Address
Data = Data to program (WD)
Addr = Location to program (WA)
Data
Write Data
Word Address
Read SRD
Toggle CE# or OE# to update SRD
Suspend
Program
Loop
Read Status
Register
Check SR[7]
1 = WSM ready
0 = WSM busy
Standby
No
Yes
Suspend
Program
0
SR[7] =
1
Repeat for subsequent programming operations.
Full status register check can be done after each program or
after a sequence of program operations.
Full Program
Status Check
(if desired)
Program
Complete
FULL PROGRAM STATUS CHECK PROCEDURE
Read Status
Register
Bus
Command
Operation
Comments
Check SR[3]
1 = VPP error
Standby
Standby
VPP Range
Error
1
1
1
SR[3] =
0
Check SR[4]
1 = Data program error
Check SR[1]
Program
Error
SR[4] =
0
Standby
1 = Attempted program to locked block
Program aborted
SR[3] MUST be cleared before the WSM will allow further
program attempts
Device
Protect Error
SR[1] =
0
Only the Clear Staus Register command clears SR[4:3,1].
If an error is detected, clear the status register before
attempting a program retry or other error recovery.
Program
Successful
11.2
Factory Programming
The standard factory programming mode uses the same commands and algorithm as the Word
Program mode (40h/10h). When VPP is at VPP1, program and erase currents are drawn through
VCC. If VPP is driven by a logic signal, VPP1 must remain above the VPP1Min value to perform in-
system flash modifications. When VPP is connected to a 12 V power supply, the device draws
program and erase current directly from VPP. This eliminates the need for an external switching
transistor to control the VPP voltage. Figure 37, “Examples of VPP Power Supply Configurations”
on page 77 shows examples of flash power supply usage in various configurations.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
The 12-V VPP mode enhances programming performance during the short time period typically
found in manufacturing processes; however, it is not intended for extended use.12 V may be
applied to VPP during program and erase operations as specified in Section 5.2, “Operating
Conditions” on page 23. VPP may be connected to 12 V for a total of tPPH hours maximum.
Stressing the device beyond these limits may cause permanent damage.
11.3
Enhanced Factory Program (EFP)
EFP substantially improves device programming performance through a number of enhancements
to the conventional 12 Volt word program algorithm. EFP's more efficient WSM algorithm
eliminates the traditional overhead delays of the conventional word program mode in both the host
programming system and the flash device. Changes to the conventional word programming
flowchart and internal WSM routine were developed because of today's beat-rate-sensitive
manufacturing environments; a balance between programming speed and cycling performance was
attained.
The host programmer writes data to the device and checks the Status Register to determine when
the data has completed programming. This modification essentially cuts write bus cycles in half.
Following each internal program pulse, the WSM increments the device's address to the next
physical location. Now, programming equipment can sequentially stream program data throughout
an entire block without having to setup and present each new address. In combination, these
enhancements reduce much of the host programmer overhead, enabling more of a data streaming
approach to device programming.
EFP further speeds up programming by performing internal code verification. With this, PROM
programmers can rely on the device to verify that it has been programmed properly. From the
device side, EFP streamlines internal overhead by eliminating the delays previously associated to
switch voltages between programming and verify levels at each memory-word location.
EFP consists of four phases: setup, program, verify and exit. Refer to Figure 29, “Enhanced
Factory Program Flowchart” on page 65 for a detailed graphical representation of how to
implement EFP.
11.3.1
EFP Requirements and Considerations
Ambient temperature: TA = 25 °C 5 °C
VCC within specified operating range
EFP Requirements
VPP within specified VPP2 range
Target block unlocked
Block cycling below 100 erase cycles 1
RWW not supported2
EFP Considerations
EFP programs one block at a time
EFP cannot be suspended
NOTES:
1. Recommended for optimum performance. Some degradation in performance may
occur if this limit is exceeded, but the internal algorithm will continue to work properly.
2. Code or data cannot be read from another partition during EFP.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
11.3.2
Setup
After receiving the EFP Setup (30h) and EFP Confirm (D0h) command sequence, SR[7] transitions
from a 1 to a 0 indicating that the WSM is busy with EFP algorithm startup. A delay before
checking SR[7] is required to allow the WSM time to perform all of its setups and checks (VPP
level and block lock status). If an error is detected, status register bits SR[4], SR[3], and/or SR[1]
are set and EFP operation terminates.
Note: After the EFP Setup and Confirm command sequence, reads from the device automatically output
status register data. Do not issue the Read Status Register command; it will be interpreted as data to
program at WA0.
11.3.3
Program
After setup completion, the host programming system must check SR[0] to determine “data-stream
ready" status (SR[0]=0). Each subsequent write after this is a program-data write to the flash array.
Each cell within the memory word to be programmed to 0 receives one WSM pulse; additional
pulses, if required, occur in the verify phase. SR[0]=1 indicates that the WSM is busy applying the
program pulse.
The host programmer must poll the device's status register for the "program done" state after each
data-stream write. SR[0]=0 indicates that the appropriate cell(s) within the accessed memory
location have received their single WSM program pulse, and that the device is now ready for the
next word. Although the host may check full status for errors at any time, it is only necessary on a
block basis, after EFP exit.
Addresses must remain within the target block. Supplying an address outside the target block
immediately terminates the program phase; the WSM then enters the EFP verify phase.
The address can either hold constant or it can increment. The device compares the incoming
address to that stored from the setup phase (WA0); if they match, the WSM programs the new data
word at the next sequential memory location. If they differ, the WSM jumps to the new address
location.
The program phase concludes when the host programming system writes to a different block
address, and data supplied must be FFFFh. Upon program phase completion, the device enters the
EFP verify phase.
11.3.4
Verify
A high percentage of the flash bits program on the first WSM pulse. However, for those cells that
do not completely program on their first attempt, EFP internal verification identifies them and
applies additional pulses as required.
The verify phase is identical in flow to the program phase, except that instead of programming
incoming data, the WSM compares the verify-stream data to that which was previously
programmed into the block. If the data compares correctly, the host programmer proceeds to the
next word. If not, the host waits while the WSM applies an additional pulse(s).
The host programmer must reset its initial verify-word address to the same starting location
supplied during the program phase. It then reissues each data word in the same order as during the
program phase. Like programming, the host may write each subsequent data word to WA0 or it may
increment up through the block addresses.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
The verification phase concludes when the interfacing programmer writes to a different block
address; data supplied must be FFFFh. Upon completion of the verify phase, the device enters the
EFP exit phase.
11.3.5
Exit
SR[7]=1 indicates that the device has returned to normal operating conditions. A full status check
should be performed at this time to ensure the entire block programmed successfully. After EFP
exit, any valid CUI command can be issued.
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Figure 29. Enhanced Factory Program Flowchart
ENHANCED FACTORY PROGRAMMING PROCEDURE
EFP Program EFP Verify
EFP Setup
EFP Exit
Read
Status Register
Read
Status Register
Read
Status Register
Start
VPP = 12V
Unlock Block
SR[0]=1=N
SR[0]=1=N
SR[7]=0=N
Data Stream
Ready?
Verify Stream
Ready?
EFP
Exited?
SR[0] =0=Y
SR[0] =0=Y
SR[7]=1=Y
Write 30h
Address = WA
0
Write Data
Address = WA
Write Data
Address = WA
Full Status Check
Procedure
0
0
Write D0h
Address = WA
0
Read
Status Register
Read
Status Register
Operation
Complete
EFP setup time
Program
Done?
Verify
Done?
Read
Status Register
SR[0]=0=Y
SR[0]=0=Y
N
N
Last
Data?
Last
Data?
EFP Setup
Done?
Y
Y
SR[7]=1=N
Check VPP & Lock
errors (SR[3,1])
Write FFFFh
Write FFFFh
Address ≠ BBA
Address
≠
BBA
Exit
EFP Setup
EFP Program
EFP Verify
Bus
State
Bus
State
Bus
State
Comments
Comments
Comments
Read
Status Register
Check SR[0]
Read
Status Register
Verify Check SR[0]
Unlock VPP = 12V
Block Unlock block
Write
Data
Standby Stream 0 = Ready for data
Standby Stream 0 = Ready for verify
EFP
Data = 30h
Write
Write
Ready? 1 = Not ready for data
Ready? 1 = Not ready for verify
Setup Address = WA
0
EFP
Data = D0h
Write
Data = Data to program
Write
Data = Word to verify
Confirm Address = WA
(note 1)
Address = WA
(note 2)
Address = WA
0
0
0
Read
Status Register
Read
Status Register
Standby
Read
EFP setup time
Check SR[0]
0 = Program done
1 = Program not done
Check SR[0]
0 = Verify done
1 = Verify not done
Program
Done?
Standby Verify
(note 3) Done?
Status Register
Check SR[7]
Standby
EFP
Standby Setup 0 = EFP ready
Done? 1 = EFP not ready
Last
Device automatically
Last
Device automatically
Standby
Standby
Data? increments address.
Data? increments address.
If SR[7] = 1:
Error
Exit Data = FFFFh
Write Program Address not within same
Phase BBA
Exit Data = FFFFh
Verify Addressnot within same
Phase BBA
Check SR[3,1]
Standby Condition
SR[3] = 1 = VPP error
Check
Write
SR[1] = 1 = locked block
EFP Exit
Status Register
1. WA0 = first Word Address to be programmed within the target block. The BBA (Block Base
Read
Address) must remain constant throughout the program phase data stream; WA can be held
constant at the first address location, or it can be written to sequence up through the addresses
within the block. Writing to a BBA not equal to that of the block currently being written to
terminates the EFP program phase, and instructs the device to enter the EFP verify phase.
2. For proper verification to occur, the verify data stream must be presented to the device in the
same sequence as that of the program phase data stream. Writing to a BBA not equal tWo A
terminates the EFP verify phase, and instructs the device to exit EFP.
3. Bits that did not fully program with the single WSM pulse of the EFP program phase receive
additional program-pulse attempts during the EFP verify phase. The device will report any
program failure by setting SR[4]=1; this check can be performed during the full status check afte
EFP has been exited for that block, and will indicate any error within the entire data stream.
Check SR[7]
EFP
Standby
0 = Exit not finished
Exited?
1 = Exit completed
Repeat for subsequent operations.
After EFP exit, a Full Status Check can
determine if any program error occurred.
See the Full Status Check procedure in the
Word Program flowchart.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
12.0
Program and Erase Operations
12.1
Program/Erase Suspend and Resume
The Program Suspend and Erase Suspend commands halt an in-progress program or erase
operation. The command can be issued at any device address. The partition corresponding to the
command’s address remains in its previous state. A suspend command allows data to be accessed
from memory locations other than the one being programmed or the block being erased.
A program operation can be suspended only to perform a read operation. An erase operation can be
suspended to perform either a program or a read operation within any block, except the block that
is erase suspended. A program command nested within a suspended erase can subsequently be
suspended to read yet another location. Once a program or erase process starts, the Suspend
command requests that the WSM suspend the program or erase sequence at predetermined points
in the algorithm. The partition that is actually suspended continues to output status register data
after the Suspend command is written. An operation is suspended when status bits SR[7] and SR[6]
and/or SR[2] are set.
To read data from blocks within the partition (other than an erase-suspended block), you can write
a Read Array command. Block erase cannot resume until the program operations initiated during
erase suspend are complete. Read Array, Read Status Register, Read Identifier (ID), Read Query,
and Program Resume are valid commands during Program or Erase Suspend. Additionally, Clear
Status Register, Program, Program Suspend, Erase Resume, Lock Block, Unlock Block, and Lock-
Down Block are valid commands during erase suspend.
To read data from a block in a partition that is not programming or erasing, the operation does not
need to be suspended. If the other partition is already in read array, ID, or Query mode, issuing a
valid address returns corresponding data. If the other partition is not in a read mode, one of the read
commands must be issued to the partition before data can be read.
During a suspend, CE# = VIH places the device in standby state, which reduces active current. VPP
must remain at its program level and WP# must remain unchanged while in suspend mode.
A resume command instructs the WSM to continue programming or erasing and clears status
register bits SR[2] (or SR[6]) and SR[7]. The Resume command can be written to any partition.
When read at the partition that is programming or erasing, the device outputs data corresponding to
the partition’s last mode. If status register error bits are set, the status register can be cleared before
issuing the next instruction. RST# must remain at VIH. See Figure 30, “Program Suspend / Resume
Flowchart” on page 67, and Figure 31, “Erase Suspend / Resume Flowchart” on page 68.
If a suspended partition was placed in read array, read status register, read identifier (ID), or read
query mode during the suspend, the device remains in that mode and outputs data corresponding to
that mode after the program or erase operation is resumed. After resuming a suspended operation,
issue the read command appropriate to the read operation. To read status after resuming a
suspended operation, issue a Read Status Register command (70h) to return the suspended partition
to status mode.
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Figure 30. Program Suspend / Resume Flowchart
PROGRAM SUSPEND / RESUME PROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Start
Command
Comments
Program Data = B0h
Suspend Addr = Block to suspend (BA)
Program Suspend
Write B0h
Any Address
Wr ite
Wr ite
Read Data = 70h
Read Status
Write 70h
Same Partition
Status Addr = Same partition
Status register data
Toggle CE# or OE# to update Status
register
Read
Read Status
Register
Addr = Suspended block (BA)
Check SR.7
Standby
Standby
1 = WSM ready
0 = WSM busy
0
0
SR.7 =
1
Check SR.2
1 = Program suspended
0 = Program completed
Program
Completed
SR.2 =
Data = FFh
Addr = Any address within the
suspended partition
1
Read
Array
Wr ite
Read
Wr ite
Read Array
Write FFh
Susp Partition
Read array data from block other than
the one being programmed
Read Array
Data
Program Data = D0h
Resume Addr = Suspended block (BA)
If the suspended partition was placed in Read Array mode:
Done
No
Reading
Return partition to Status mode:
Read
Wr ite
Data = 70h
Yes
Status
Addr = Same partition
Program Resume
Read Array
Write FFh
Write D0h
Any Address
Pgm'd Partition
Program
Resumed
Read Array
Data
Read Status
Write 70h
Same Partition
PGM_SUS.WMF
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 31. Erase Suspend / Resume Flowchart
ERASE SUSPEND / RESUME PROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Start
Command
Comments
Erase
Data = B0h
Erase Suspend
Write B0h
Any Address
Write
Write
Suspend Addr = Any address
Read
Status
Data = 70h
Addr = Same partition
Read
Status
Write 70h
Same Partition
Status register data. Toggle CE# or
OE# to update Status register
Addr = Same partition
Read
Read Status
Register
Check SR.7
Standby
1 = WSM ready
0 = WSM busy
0
0
SR.7 =
1
Check SR.6
1 = Erase suspended
0 = Erase completed
Standby
Write
Erase
Completed
SR.6 =
1
Read Array Data = FFh or 40h
or Program Addr = Block to program or read
Read or
Write
Read array or program data from/to
block other than the one being erased
Read
Program
Read or
Program?
Read Array
Data
Program
Loop
Program Data = D0h
Resume Addr = Any address
No
Write
If the suspended partition was placed in
Read Array mode or a Program Loop:
Done?
Yes
Return partition to Status mode:
Data = 70h
Addr = Same partition
Read
Status
Erase Resume
Read
Array
Write
Write D0h
Any Address
Write FFh
Erased Partition
Read Array
Data
Erase Resumed
Read
Status
Write 70h
Same Partition
ERAS_SUS.WMF
12.2
Block Erase
The 2-cycle block erase command sequence, consisting of Erase Setup (20h) and Erase Confirm
(D0h), initiates one block erase at the addressed block. Only one partition can be in an erase mode
at a time; other partitions must be in a read mode. The Erase Confirm command internally latches
the address of the block to be erased. Erase forces all bits within the block to 1. SR[7] is cleared
while the erase executes.
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After writing the Erase Confirm command, the selected partition is placed in read status register
mode and reads performed to that partition return the current status data. The address given during
the Erase Confirm command does not need to be the same address used in the Erase Setup
command. So, if the Erase Confirm command is given to partition B, then the selected block in
partition B will be erased even if the Erase Setup command was to partition A.
The 2-cycle erase sequence cannot be interrupted with a bus write operation. For example, an Erase
Setup command must be immediately followed by the Erase Confirm command in order to execute
properly. If a different command is issued between the setup and confirm commands, the partition
is placed in read-status mode, the status register signals a command sequence error, and all
subsequent erase commands to that partition are ignored until the status register is cleared.
The CPU can detect block erase completion by analyzing SR[7] of that partition. If an error bit
(SR[5,3,1]) was flagged, the status register can be cleared by issuing the Clear Status Register
command before attempting the next operation. The partition remains in read-status mode until
another command is written to its CUI. Any CUI instruction can follow after erasing completes.
The CUI can be set to read-array mode to prevent inadvertent status register reads.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 32. Block Erase Flowchart
BLOCK ERASE PROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Start
Command
Comments
Block
Erase
Setup
Data = 20h
Addr = Block to be erased (BA)
Write
Write
Read
Write 20h
Block Address
Erase
Data = D0h
Confirm Addr = Block to be erased (BA)
Write D0h and
Block Address
Read SRD
Toggle CE# or OE# to update SRD
Suspend
Erase
Loop
Read Status
Register
Check SR[7]
1 = WSM ready
0 = WSM busy
Standby
No
Suspend
Erase
0
Yes
SR[7] =
1
Repeat for subsequent block erasures.
Full status register check can be done after each block erase
or after a sequence of block erasures.
Full Erase
Status Check
(if desired)
Block Erase
Complete
FULL ERASE STATUS CHECK PROCEDURE
Read Status
Register
Bus
Command
Operation
Comments
Check SR[3]
1 = VPP error
Standby
Standby
Standby
VPP Range
Error
1
1
1
1
SR[3] =
0
Check SR[5:4]
Both 1 = Command sequence error
Command
Sequence Error
Check SR[5]
1 = Block erase error
SR[5:4] =
0
Check SR[1]
Standby
1 = Attempted erase of locked block
Erase aborted
Block Erase
Error
SR[5] =
0
SR[3,1] must be cleared before the WSM will allow further
erase attempts.
Erase of
Locked Block
Aborted
SR[1] =
0
Only the Clear Status Register command clears SR[5:3,1].
If an error is detected, clear the Status register before
attempting an erase retry or other error recovery.
Block Erase
Successful
12.3
Read-While-Write and Read-While-Erase
The 1.8 Volt Intel® Wireless Flash memory supports flexible multi-partition dual-operation
architecture. By dividing the flash memory into many separate partitions, the device can read from
one partition while programing or erasing in another partition; hence the terms, RWW and RWE.
Both of these features greatly enhance data storage performance.
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The product does not support simultaneous program and erase operations. Attempting to perform
operations such as these results in a command sequence error. Only one partition can be
programming or erasing while another partition is reading. However, one partition may be in erase
suspend mode while a second partition is performing a program operation, and yet another partition
is executing a read command. Table 18, “Command Codes and Descriptions” on page 53 describes
the command codes available for all functions.
13.0
Security Modes
The 1.8 Volt Intel Wireless Flash memory offers both hardware and software security features to
protect the flash data. The software security feature is used by executing the Lock Block command.
The hardware security feature is used by executing the Lock-Down Block command and by
asserting the WP# signal.
Refer to Figure 33, “Block Locking State Diagram” on page 72 for a state diagram of the flash
security features. Also see Figure 34, “Locking Operations Flowchart” on page 74.
13.1
Block Lock Operations
Individual instant block locking protects code and data by allowing any block to be locked or
unlocked with no latency. This locking scheme offers two levels of protection. The first allows
software-only control of block locking (useful for frequently changed data blocks), while the
second requires hardware interaction before locking can be changed (protects infrequently changed
code blocks).
The following sections discuss the locking system operation. The term “state [abc]” specifies
locking states; for example, “state [001],” where a = WP# value, b = block lock-down status bit
D1, and c = Block Lock status register bit D0. Figure 33, “Block Locking State Diagram” on
page 72 defines possible locking states.
The following summarizes the locking functionality.
• All blocks power-up in a locked state.
• Unlock commands can unlock these blocks, and lock commands can lock them again.
• The Lock-Down command locks a block and prevents it from being unlocked when WP# is
asserted.
— Locked-down blocks can be unlocked or locked with commands as long as WP# is
deasserted
— The lock-down status bit is cleared only when the device is reset or powered-down.
Block lock registers are not affected by the VPP level. They may be modified and read even if VPP
≤ VPPLK
.
Each block’s locking status can be set to locked, unlocked, and lock-down, as described in the
following sections. See Figure 34, “Locking Operations Flowchart” on page 74.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 33. Block Locking State Diagram
Locked-
Down4,5
[011]
Hardware
Locked5
[011]
Locked
Power-Up/Reset
[X01]
WP# Hardware Control
Software
Locked
Unlocked
Unlocked
[111]
[110]
[X00]
Software Block Lock (0x60/0x01) or Software Block Unlock (0x60/0xD0)
Software Block Lock-Down (0x60/0x2F)
WP# hardware control
Notes:
1. [a,b,c] represents [WP#, D1, D0]. X = Don’t Care.
2. D1 indicates block Lock-down status. D1 = ‘0’, Lock-down has not been issued to
this block. D1 = ‘1’, Lock-down has been issued to this block.
3. D0 indicates block lock status. D0 = ‘0’, block is unlocked. D0 = ‘1’, block is locked.
4. Locked-down = Hardware + Software locked.
5. [011] states should be tracked by system software to determine difference between
Hardware Locked and Locked-Down states.
13.1.1
13.1.2
13.1.3
Lock
All blocks default to locked (state [x01]) after initial power-up or reset. Locked blocks are fully
protected from alteration. Attempted program or erase operations to a locked block will return an
error in SR[1]. Unlocked blocks can be locked by using the Lock Block command sequence.
Similarly, a locked block’s status can be changed to unlocked or lock-down using the appropriate
software commands.
Unlock
Unlocked blocks (states [x00] and [110]) can be programmed or erased. All unlocked blocks return
to the locked state when the device is reset or powered-down. An unlocked block’s status can be
changed to the locked or locked-down state using the appropriate software commands. A locked
block can be unlocked by writing the Unlock Block command sequence if the block is not locked-
down.
Lock-Down
Locked-down blocks (state [011]) offer the user an additional level of write protection beyond that
of a regular locked block. A block that is locked-down cannot have it’s state changed by software if
WP# is asserted. A locked or unlocked block can be locked-down by writing the Lock-Down Block
command sequence. If a block was set to locked-down, then later changed to unlocked, a Lock-
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Down command should be issued prior asserting WP# will put that block back to the locked-down
state. When WP# is deasserted, locked-down blocks are changed to the locked state and can then
be unlocked by the Unlock Block command.
13.1.4
Block Lock Status
Every block’s lock status can be read in read identifier mode. To enter this mode, issue the Read
Identifier command to the device. Subsequent reads at Block Base Address + 02h will output that
block’s lock status. For example, to read the block lock status of block 10, the address sent to the
device should be 50002h (for a top-parameter device). The lowest two data bits of the read data, D1
and D0, represent the lock status. D0 indicates the block lock status. It is set by the Lock Block
command and cleared by the Block Unlock command. It is also set when entering the lock-down
state. D1 indicates lock-down status and is set by the Lock-Down command. The lock-down status
bit cannot be cleared by software–only by device reset or power-down. See Table 24.
Table 24. Write Protection Truth Table
VPP
WP#
RST#
VIL
Write Protection
Device inaccessible
X
X
VIL
X
X
VIH
VIH
VIH
Word program and block erase prohibited
All lock-down blocks locked
VIL
VIH
X
All lock-down blocks can be unlocked
13.1.5
Lock During Erase Suspend
Block lock configurations can be performed during an erase suspend operation by using the
standard locking command sequences to unlock, lock, or lock-down a block. This feature is useful
when another block requires immediate updating.
To change block locking during an erase operation, first write the Erase Suspend command. After
checking SR[6] to determine the erase operation has suspended, write the desired lock command
sequence to a block; the lock status will be changed. After completing lock, unlock, read, or
program operations, resume the erase operation with the Erase Resume command (D0h).
If a block is locked or locked-down during a suspended erase of the same block, the locking status
bits change immediately. When the erase operation is resumed, it will complete normally.
Locking operations cannot occur during program suspend. Appendix A, “Write State Machine
States” on page 87 shows valid commands during erase suspend.
13.1.6
Status Register Error Checking
Using nested locking or program command sequences during erase suspend can introduce
ambiguity into status register results.
Because locking changes require 2-cycle command sequences, for example, 60h followed by 01h
to lock a block, following the Configuration Setup command (60h) with an invalid command
produces a command sequence error (SR[5:4]=11b). If a Lock Block command error occurs during
erase suspend, the device sets SR[4] and SR[5] to 1 even after the erase is resumed. When erase is
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
complete, possible errors during the erase cannot be detected from the status register because of the
previous locking command error. A similar situation occurs if a program operation error is nested
within an erase suspend.
13.1.7
WP# Lock-Down Control
The Write Protect signal, WP#, adds an additional layer of block security. WP# only affects blocks
that once had the Lock-Down command written to them. After the lock-down status bit is set for a
block, asserting WP# forces that block into the lock-down state [011] and prevents it from being
unlocked. After WP# is deasserted, the block’s state reverts to locked [111] and software
commands can then unlock the block (for erase or program operations) and subsequently re-lock it.
Only device reset or power-down can clear the lock-down status bit and render WP# ineffective.
Figure 34. Locking Operations Flowchart
LOCKING OPERATIONS PROCEDURE
Start
Bus
Operation
Command
Comments
Write 60h
Block Address
Lock
Setup
Data = 60h
Addr = Block to lock/unlock/lock-down (BA)
Write
Write
Write 01,D0,2Fh
Block Address
Lock,
Unlock, or
Lockdown
Data = 01h (Lock block)
D0h (Unlock block)
2Fh (Lockdown block)
Confirm Addr = Block to lock/unlock/lock-down (BA)
Write 90h
BBA + 02h
Write
Read ID Data = 90h
(Optional)
Plane
Addr = BBA + 02h
Read Block Lock
Status
Read
(Optional)
Block Lock Block Lock status data
Status Addr = BBA + 02h
Locking
Change?
No
Confirm locking change on DQ[1:0].
(See Block Locking State Transitions Table
for valid combinations.)
Standby
(Optional)
Yes
Read
Array
Data = FFh
Addr = Any address in same partition
Write
Write FFh
Partition Address
Lock Change
Complete
13.2
Protection Register
The 1.8 Volt Intel Wireless Flash memory includes a 128-bit protection register. This protection
register is used to increase system security and for identification purposes. The protection register
value can match the flash component to the system’s CPU or ASIC to prevent device substitution.
The lower 64 bits within the protection register are programmed by Intel with a unique number in
each flash device. The upper 64 OTP bits within the protection register are left for the customer to
program. Once programmed, the customer segment can be locked to prevent further programming.
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Note: The individual bits of the user segment of the protection register are OTP, not the register in total.
The user may program each OTP bit individually, one at a time, if desired. After the protection
register is locked, however, the entire user segment is locked and no more user bits can be
programmed.
The protection register shares some of the same internal flash resources as the parameter partition.
Therefore, RWW is only allowed between the protection register and main partitions. Table 25
describes the operations allowed in the protection register, parameter partition, and main partition
during RWW and RWE.
Table 25. Simultaneous Operations Allowed with the Protection Register
Parameter
Protection
Register
Main
Partitions
Partition
Description
Array Data
While programming or erasing in a main partition, the protection register can be
read from any other partition. Reading the parameter partition data is not
allowed if the protection register is being read from addresses within the
parameter partition.
See
Description
Read
Write/Erase
While programming or erasing in a main partition, read operations are allowed
Write/Erase in the parameter partition. Accessing the protection registers from parameter
partition addresses is not allowed.
See
Description
Read
Read
While programming or erasing in a main partition, read operations are allowed
in the parameter partition. Accessing the protection registers in a partition that
is different from the one being programmed or erased, and also different from
the parameter partition, is allowed.
Read
Write
Write/Erase
While programming the protection register, reads are only allowed in the other
main partitions. Access to the parameter partition is not allowed. This is
because programming of the protection register can only occur in the
No Access
Allowed
Read
parameter partition, so it will exist in status mode.
While programming or erasing the parameter partition, reads of the protection
registers are not allowed in any partition. Reads in other main partitions are
supported.
No Access
Allowed
Write/Erase
Read
13.2.1
Reading the Protection Register
Writing the Read Identifier command allows the protection register data to be read 16 bits at a time
from addresses shown in Table 20, “Device Identification Codes” on page 57. The protection
register is read from the Read Identifier command and can be read in any partition.Writing the
Read Array command returns the device to read-array mode.
13.2.2
Programing the Protection Register
The Protection Program command should be issued only at the parameter (top or bottom) partition
followed by the data to be programmed at the specified location. It programs the upper 64 bits of
the protection register 16 bits at a time. Table 20, “Device Identification Codes” on page 57 shows
allowable addresses. See also Figure 35, “Protection Register Programming Flowchart” on
page 76. Issuing a Protection Program command outside the register’s address space results in a
status register error (SR[4]=1).
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
13.2.3
Locking the Protection Register
PR-LK.0 is programmed to 0 by Intel to protect the unique device number. PR-LK.1 can be
programmed by the user to lock the user portion (upper 64 bits) of the protection register (See
Figure 36, “Protection Register Locking). This bit is set using the Protection Program command to
program “FFFDh” into PR-LK.
After PR-LK register bits are programmed (locked), the protection register’s stored values can’t be
changed. Protection Program commands written to a locked section result in a status register error
(SR[4]=1, SR[5]=1).
Figure 35. Protection Register Programming Flowchart
PROTECTION REGISTER PROGRAMMINGPROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Start
Command
Comments
Protection
Program
Setup
Data = C0h
Addr = Protection address
Write
Write
Read
Write C0h
Addr=Prot addr
Protection Data = Data to program
Program Addr = Protection address
Write Protect.
Register
Address / Data
Read SRD
Toggle CE# or OE# to update SRD
Read Status
Register
Check SR[7]
1 = WSM Ready
0 = WSM Busy
Standby
No
SR[7] = 1?
Yes
Protection Program operations addresses must be within the
protection register address space. Addresses outside this
space will return an error.
Repeat for subsequent programming operations.
Full Status
Check
(if desired)
Full status register check can be done after each program or
after a sequence of program operations.
Program
Complete
FULL STATUS CHECK PROCEDURE
Bus
Operation
Read SRD
SR[4:3] =
Command
Comments
SR[1] SR[3] SR[4]
Standby
Standby
Standby
0
0
1
0
1
1
VPP Error
1,1
1,0
1,1
VPP Range Error
Protection register
program error
1
0
1
Register locked;
SR[4,1] =
SR[4,1] =
Programming Error
Operation aborted
SR[3] MUST be cleared before the WSM will allow further
program attempts.
Locked-Register
Program Aborted
Only the Clear Staus Register command clears SR[4:3,1].
If an error is detected, clear the status register before
attempting a program retry or other error recovery.
Program
Successful
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Figure 36. Protection Register Locking
0x88
User-Programmable
0x85
0x84
Intel Factory-Programmed
PR Lock Register 0
0x81
15 14 13 12 11 10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0x80
13.3
VPP Protection
The 1.8 Volt Intel® Wireless Flash memory provides in-system program and erase at VPP1. For
factory programming, it also includes a low-cost, backward-compatible 12 V programming
feature.(See “Factory Programming” on page 61.) The EFP feature can also be used to greatly
improve factory program performance as explained in Section 11.3, “Enhanced Factory Program
(EFP)” on page 62.
In addition to the flexible block locking, holding the VPP programming voltage low can provide
absolute hardware write protection of all flash-device blocks. If VPP is below VPPLK, program or
erase operations result in an error displayed in SR[3]. (See Figure 37.)
Figure 37. Examples of VPP Power Supply Configurations
System supply
VCC
System supply
VCC
VPP
12 V supply
Prot# (logic signal)
VPP
≤
Ω
10K
•
•
•
•
12 V fast programming
Absolute write protection with VPP VPPLK
Low-voltage programming
Absolute write protection via logic signal
≤
System supply
VCC
System supply
VCC
(Note 1)
VPP
VPP
12 V supply
•
•
Low voltage and 12 V fast programming
Low-voltage programming
NOTE: If the VCC supply can sink adequate current, you can use an appropriately valued resistor.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
14.0
Set Configuration Register
The Set Configuration Register command sets the burst order, frequency configuration, burst
length, and other parameters.
A two-bus cycle command sequence initiates this operation. The configuration register data is
placed on the lower 16 bits of the address bus (A[15:0]) during both bus cycles. The Set
Configuration Register command is written along with the configuration data (on the address bus).
This is followed by a second write that confirms the operation and again presents the configuration
register data on the address bus. The configuration register data is latched on the rising edge of
ADV#, CE#, or WE# (whichever occurs first). This command functions independently of the
applied VPP voltage. After executing this command, the device returns to read-array mode. The
configuration register’s contents can be examined by writing the Read Identifier command and
then reading location 05h. (See Table 26 and Table 27.)
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Table 26. Configuration Register Definitions
Data
Output
Config
Read
Mode
First Access Latency
Count
WAIT
Polarity
WAIT
Config
Burst
Seq
Clock
Config
Burst
Wrap
Res’d
Res’d Res’d
Burst Length
RM
15
R
LC2
13
LC1
12
LC0
11
WT
10
DOC
9
WC
8
BS
7
CC
6
R
5
R
4
BW
3
BL2
2
BL1
1
BL0
0
14
Table 27. Configuration Register Descriptions
Bit
Name
Description
Notes1
RM
0 = Synchronous Burst Reads Enabled
15
14
2
5
1 = Asynchronous Reads Enabled (Default)
Reserved
Read Mode
R
LC2-0
001 = Reserved
010 = Code 2
011 = Code 3
100 = Code 4
101 = Code 5
111 = Reserved (Default)
13-11
6
First Access Latency
Count
WT
0 = WAIT signal is asserted low
1 = WAIT signal is asserted high (Default)
10
9
3
6
6
WAIT Signal Polarity
DOC
0 = Hold Data for One Clock
1 = Hold Data for Two Clock (Default)
Data Output Configuration
WC
0 = WAIT Asserted During Delay
1 = WAIT Asserted One Data Cycle before Delay (Default)
8
WAIT Configuration
BS
7
1 = Linear Burst Order (Default)
Burst Sequence
CC
0 = Burst Starts and Data Output on Falling Clock Edge
1 = Burst Starts and Data Output on Rising Clock Edge (Default)
6
Clock
Configuration
5
4
R
R
Reserved
Reserved
5
5
BW
0 = Wrap bursts within burst length set by CR[2:0]
1 = Don’t wrap accesses within burst length set by CR[2:0].(Default)
3
Burst Wrap
001 = 4-Word Burst
010 = 8-Word Burst
BL2-0
2-0
4
011 = 16-Word Burst
111 = Continuous Burst (Default)
Burst Length
NOTES:
1. Undocumented combinations of bits are reserved by Intel for future implementations.
2. Synchronous and page read mode configurations affect reads from main blocks and parameter blocks. Status register and
configuration reads support single read cycles. CR[15]=1 disables configuration set by CR[14:0].
3. Data is not ready when WAIT is asserted.
4. Set the synchronous burst length. In asynchronous page mode, the page size equals four words.
5. Set all reserved configuration register bits to zero.
6. Setting the configuration register for synchronous burst-mode with a latency count of 2 (RCR[13:11] = 010), data hold for 2
clocks (RCR.9 = 1), and WAIT asserted one data cycle before delay (RCR.8 =1) is not supported.
Datasheet
79
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
14.1
Read Mode (CR[15])
All partitions support two high-performance read configurations: synchronous burst mode and
asynchronous page mode (default). CR[15] sets the read configuration to one of these modes.
Status register, query, and identifier modes support only asynchronous and single-synchronous read
operations.
14.2
First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11])
The First Access Latency Count (CR[13:11]) configuration tells the device how many clocks must
elapse from ADV# de-assertion (VIH) before the first data word should be driven onto its data pins.
The input clock frequency determines this value. See Table 26, “Configuration Register
Definitions” on page 79 for latency values. Figure 38 shows data output latency from ADV#
assertion for different latencies. Refer to Section 14.2.1, “Latency Count Settings” on page 81 for
Latency Code Settings.
Figure 38. First Access Latency Configuration
CLK [C]
Valid
Address
Address [A]
ADV# [V]
Code 2
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
D[15:0] [Q]
Code 3
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
D[15:0] [Q]
Code 4
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
D[15:0] [Q]
Code 5
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
D[15:0] [Q]
NOTE: Other First Access Latency Configuration settings are reserved.
)
Figure 39. Word Boundary
Word 0 - 3
Word 4 - 7
Word 8 - B
Word C - F
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
16 Word Boundary
4 Word Boundary
The 16-word boundary is the end of the device sense word-line.
80
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
14.2.1
Latency Count Settings
Table 28. Latency Count Settings for V
= 1.35 V - 1.8 V (.13 µm lithography)
CCQ
VCCQ = 1.35 V - 1.8 V
Unit
tAVQV/tCHQV (65ns/14ns)
tAVQV/tCHQV (85ns/20ns)
Latency Count
Settings
2
3, 4, 5
< 54
2
3, 4, 5
< 40
Frequency
< 39
< 30
MHz
Table 29. Latency Count Setting for V
= 1.7 V - 2.24 V (.13 µm lithography)
CCQ
VCCQ = 1.7 - 2.24 V
Unit
tAVQV/tCHQV (60ns/11ns)
tAVQV/tCHQV (80ns/14ns)
Latency Count
Settings
2
3
4, 5
< 66
2
3
4, 5
Frequency
Support
< 40
< 61
< 30
< 45
< 54
MHz
Table 30. Latency Count Setting for V
= 1.7 V - 2.24 V (.18 µm lithography)
CCQ
VCCQ = 1.7 - 2.24 V
Unit
tAVQV/tCHQV (70ns/14ns)
tAVQV/tCHQV (85ns/18ns)
Latency Count
Settings
2
3, 4, 5
<52
2
3, 4, 5
< 40
Frequency
Support
< 35
< 29
MHz
Datasheet
81
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 40. Example: Latency Count Setting at 3
tADD-DELAY
tDATA
2rd
0st
1nd
3th
4th
CLK (C)
CE# (E)
ADV# (V)
AMAX-0 (A)
Valid Address
High Z
Code 3
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
DQ15-0 (D/Q)
R103
14.3
14.4
WAIT Signal Polarity (CR[10])
If the WT bit is cleared (CR[10]=0), then WAIT is configured to be asserted low. This means that a
0 on the WAIT signal indicates that data is not ready and the data bus contains invalid data.
Conversely, if CR[10] is set, then WAIT is asserted high. In either case, if WAIT is deasserted, then
data is ready and valid. WAIT is asserted during asynchronous page mode reads.
WAIT Signal Function
The WAIT signal indicates data valid when the device is operating in synchronous mode
(CR[15]=0), and when addressing a partition that is currently in read-array mode. The WAIT signal
is only “deasserted” when data is valid on the bus.
When the device is operating in synchronous non-read-array mode, such as read status, read ID, or
read query, WAIT is set to an “asserted” state as determined by CR[10]. See Figure 17, “WAIT
Signal in Synchronous Non-Read Array Operation Waveform” on page 40.
When the device is operating in asynchronous page mode or asynchronous single word read mode,
WAIT is set to an “asserted” state as determined by CR[10]. See Figure 13, “Page-Mode Read
Operation Waveform” on page 36, and Figure 11, “Asynchronous Read Operation Waveform” on
page 34.
From a system perspective, the WAIT signal is in the asserted state (based on CR[10]) when the
device is operating in synchronous non-read-array mode (such as Read ID, Read Query, or Read
Status), or if the device is operating in asynchronous mode (CR[15]=1). In these cases, the system
software should ignore (mask) the WAIT signal, because it does not convey any useful information
about the validity of what is appearing on the data bus.
82
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 31. WAIT Signal Conditions
CONDITION
WAIT
CE# = VIH
CE# = VIL
Tri-State
Active
OE#
No-Effect
Active
Synchronous Array Read
Synchronous Non-Array Read
Asserted
All Asynchronous Read and all Write Asserted
14.5
Data Hold (CR[9])
The Data Output Configuration bit (CR[9]) determines whether a data word remains valid on the
data bus for one or two clock cycles. The processor’s minimum data set-up time and the flash
memory’s clock-to-data output delay determine whether one or two clocks are needed.
A Data Output Configuration set at 1-clock data hold corresponds to a 1-clock data cycle; a Data
Output Configuration set at 2-clock data hold corresponds to a 2-clock data cycle. The setting of
this configuration bit depends on the system and CPU characteristics. For clarification, see Figure
41, “Data Output Configuration with WAIT Signal Delay” on page 84.
A method for determining this configuration setting is shown below.
To set the device at 1-clock data hold for subsequent reads, the following condition must be
satisfied:
tCHQV (ns) + tDATA (ns) ≤ One CLK Period (ns)
As an example, use a clock frequency of 66 MHz and a clock period of 15 ns. Assume the data
output hold time is one clock. Apply this data to the formula above for the subsequent reads:
11 ns + 4 ns ≤ 15 ns
This equation is satisfied, and data output will be available and valid at every clock period. If tDATA
is long, hold for two cycles.
During page-mode reads, the initial access time can be determined by the formula:
tADD-DELAY (ns) + tDATA (ns) + tAVQV (ns)
Subsequent reads in page mode are defined by:
tAPA (ns) + tDATA (ns)
(minimum time)
Datasheet
83
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 41. Data Output Configuration with WAIT Signal Delay
CLK [C]
WAIT (CR.8 = 1)
Note 1
Note 1
tCHQV
WAIT (CR.8 = 0)
1 CLK
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
DQ15-0 [Q]
Data Hold
WAIT (CR.8 = 0)
tCHTL/H
Note 1
Note 1
tCHQV
WAIT (CR.8 = 1)
2 CLK
Valid
Output
Valid
Output
DQ15-0 [Q]
Data Hold
NOTE: WAIT shown asserted high (CR[10]=1).
14.6
WAIT Delay (CR[8])
The WAIT configuration bit (CR[8]) controls WAIT signal delay behavior for all synchronous
read-array modes. Its setting depends on the system and CPU characteristics. The WAIT can be
asserted either during, or one data cycle before, a valid output.
In synchronous linear read array (no-wrap mode CR[3]=1) of 4-, 8-, 16-, or continuous-word burst
mode, an output delay may occur when a burst sequence crosses its first device-row boundary (16-
word boundary). If the burst start address is 4-word boundary aligned, the delay does not occur. If
the start address is misaligned to a 4-word boundary, the delay occurs once per burst-mode read
sequence. The WAIT signal informs the system of this delay.
14.7
Burst Sequence (CR[7])
The burst sequence specifies the synchronous-burst mode data order (see Table 32, “Sequence and
Burst Length” on page 85). When operating in a linear burst mode, either 4-, 8-, or 16-word burst
length with the burst wrap bit (CR[3]) set, or in continuous burst mode, the device may incur an
output delay when the burst sequence crosses the first 16-word boundary. (See Figure 39, “Word
Boundary” on page 80 for word boundary description.) This depends on the starting address. If the
starting address is aligned to a 4-word boundary, there is no delay. If the starting address is the end
of a 4-word boundary, the output delay is one clock cycle less than the First Access Latency Count;
this is the worst-case delay. The delay takes place only once, and only if the burst sequence crosses
a 16-word boundary. The WAIT pin informs the system of this delay. For timing diagrams of WAIT
functionality, see these figures:
• Figure 14, “Single Synchronous Read-Array Operation Waveform” on page 37
• Figure 15, “Synchronous 4-Word Burst Read Operation Waveform” on page 38
84
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
• Figure 16, “WAIT Functionality for EOWL (End-of-Word Line) Condition Waveform” on
page 39
Table 32. Sequence and Burst Length
Burst Addressing Sequence (Decimal)
4-Word
Burst
Continuous
Burst
Start
8-Word Burst
CR[2:0]=010b
16-Word Burst
CR[2:0]=011b
Addr. CR[2:0]=0
CR[2:0]=111b
(Dec)
01b
Linear
Linear
Linear
Linear
0
1
2
3
0-1-2-3 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7
1-2-3-0 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-0
2-3-0-1 2-3-4-5-6-7-0-1
0-1-2...14-15
1-2-3...14-15-0
2-3-4...15-0-1
0-1-2-3-4-5-6-...
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-...
2-3-4-5-6-7-8-...
3-4-5-6-7-8-9-...
3-0-1-2 3-4-5-6-7-0-1-2 3-4-5...15-0-1-2
4-5-6...15-0-1-2-
4
5
6
4-5-6-7-0-1-2-3
3
4-5-6-7-8-9-10...
5-6-7-0-1-2-3-4 5-6-7...15-0-1...4 5-6-7-8-9-10-11...
6-7-8-9-10-11-12-
6-7-0-1-2-3-4-5 6-7-8...15-0-1...5
...
7-8-9-10-11-12-
7
7-0-1-2-3-4-5-6 7-8-9...15-0-1...6
13...
14
14-15-0-1...13
14-15-16-17-18-19-
20-...
15
0
15-0-1-2-3...14
0-1-2...14-15
1-2-3...15-16
2-3-4...16-17
15-16-17-18-19-...
0-1-2-3-4-5-6-...
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-...
2-3-4-5-6-7-8-...
0-1-2-3 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7
1-2-3-4 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8
2-3-4-5 2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9
1
2
3-4-5-6-7-8-9-
3
4
5
6
7
3-4-5-6
10
3-4-5...17-18
4-5-6...18-19
5-6-7...19-20
6-7-8...20-21
7-8-9...21-22
3-4-5-6-7-8-9-...
4-5-6-7-8-9-10...
5-6-7-8-9-10-11...
4-5-6-7-8-9-10-
11
5-6-7-8-9-10-
11-12
6-7-8-9-10-11-
12-13
6-7-8-9-10-11-12-
...
7-8-9-10-11-
12-13-14
7-8-9-10-11-12-
13...
14-15-16-17-18-
19-20-...
14
15
14-15...28-29
15-16...29-30
15-16-17-18-19-
20-21-...
Datasheet
85
14.8
14.9
Clock Edge (CR[6])
Configuring the valid clock edge enables a flexible memory interface to a wide range of burst
CPUs. Clock configuration sets the device to start a burst cycle, output data, and assert WAIT on
the clock’s rising or falling edge.
Burst Wrap (CR[3])
The burst wrap bit determines whether 4-, 8-, or 16-word burst accesses wrap within the burst-
length boundary or whether they cross word-length boundaries to perform linear accesses. No-
wrap mode (CR[3]=1) enables WAIT to hold off the system processor, as it does in the continuous
burst mode, until valid data is available. In no-wrap mode (CR[3]=0), the device operates similarly
to continuous linear burst mode but consumes less power during 4-, 8-, or 16-word bursts.
For example, if CR[3]=0 (wrap mode) and CR[2:0] = 1h (4-word burst), possible linear burst
sequences are 0-1-2-3, 1-2-3-0, 2-3-0-1, 3-0-1-2.
If CR[3]=1 (no-wrap mode) and CR[2:0] = 1h (4-word burst length), then possible linear burst
sequences are 0-1-2-3, 1-2-3-4, 2-3-4-5, and 3-4-5-6. CR[3]=1 not only enables limited non-
aligned sequential bursts, but also reduces power by minimizing the number of internal read
operations.
Setting CR[2:0] bits for continuous linear burst mode (7h) also achieves the above 4-word burst
sequences. However, significantly more power may be consumed. The 1-2-3-4 sequence, for
example, consumes power during the initial access, again during the internal pipeline lookup as the
processor reads word 2, and possibly again, depending on system timing, near the end of the
sequence as the device pipelines the next 4-word sequence. CR[3]=1 while in 4-word burst mode
(no-wrap mode) reduces this excess power consumption.
14.10
Burst Length (CR[2:0])
The Burst Length bit (BL[2:0]) selects the number of words the device outputs in synchronous read
access of the flash memory array. The burst lengths are 4-word, 8-word, 16-word, and continuous
word.
Continuous-burst accesses are linear only, and do not wrap within any word length boundaries (see
Table 32, “Sequence and Burst Length” on page 85). When a burst cycle begins, the device outputs
synchronous burst data until it reaches the end of the “burstable” address space.
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Appendix A Write State Machine States
This table shows the command state transitions based on incoming commands. Only one partition
can be actively programming or erasing at a time.
Figure 42. Write State Machine — Next State Table (Sheet 1 of 2)
C h iN e x t S ta te a ft e r C o m m a n d In p u t
E n h a n c e d
F a c to r y
P g m
B E C o n firm ,
C le a r
S ta tu s
R e g is te r (6
P r o g ra m
E r a s e
S u s p e n d
/
R e a d
A r ra y ( 3
P ro g r a m
E ra s e
S e tu p ( 4
P /E R e s u m e ,
U L B
R e a d
S ta tu s
R e a d
ID /Q u e ry
C u r r e n t C h ip
S ta te ( 8 )
)
, 5
)
, 5 )
S e tu p (4
)
)
(9 )
S e tu p ( 4
C o n firm
( F F H )
R e a d y
(1 0 H /4 0 H )
( 2 0 H )
( 3 0 H )
( D 0 H )
( B 0 H )
( 7 0 H )
( 5 0 H )
(9 0 H , 9 8 H )
P ro g r a m
S e tu p
E r a s e
S e tu p
E F P
S e tu p
R e a d y
R e a d y
L o c k /C R S e tu p
O T P
R e a d y (L o c k E r ro r )
R e a d y
R e a d y (L o c k E r ro r )
S e tu p
B u s y
O T P B u s y
S e tu p
B u s y
P r o g ra m B u s y
P r o g r a m
P r o g ra m B u s y
P r o g ra m S u s p e n d
R e a d y ( E rr o r )
E r a s e B u s y
P g m S u s p
P r o g r a m B u s y
P ro g r a m S u s p e n d
R e a d y ( E rr o r )
E r a s e B u s y
S u s p e n d
S e tu p
B u s y
P g m B u s y
E r a s e B u s y
E r a s e S u s p
E r a s e
P g m in
E ra s e
S u s p S e tu p
E r a s e
S u s p e n d
S u s p e n d
E r a s e S u s p e n d
E r a s e B u s y
E r a s e S u s p e n d
S e tu p
B u s y
P r o g r a m in E ra s e S u s p e n d B u s y
P g m S u s p in
E r a s e S u s p
P r o g r a m in
E r a s e S u s p e n d
P r o g r a m in E ra s e S u s p e n d B u s y
P r o g ra m in E r a s e S u s p e n d B u s y
P g m in E r a s e
S u s p B u s y
S u s p e n d
P ro g r a m S u s p e n d in E r a s e S u s p e n d
P ro g r a m S u s p e n d in E r a s e S u s p e n d
L o c k /C R S e tu p in E r a s e
S u s p e n d
E r a s e S u s p e n d
( L o c k E r r o r)
E r a s e S u s p e n d ( L o c k E rr o r)
R e a d y ( E rr o r )
E ra s e S u s p
S e tu p
E F P B u s y
E F P (7
V e r(7
R e a d y ( E rr o r )
E n h a n c e d
F a c to ry
)
E F P B u s y
E F P V e r ify
P r o g r a m
)
O u t p u t N e x t S t a t e a f te r C o m m a n d In p u t
P g m S e tu p ,
E r a s e S e tu p ,
O T P S e tu p ,
P g m in E ra s e S u s p S e tu p ,
E F P S e tu p ,
S ta tu s
E F P B u s y ,
V e r ify B u s y
L o c k /C R S e tu p ,
L o c k /C R S e tu p in E r a s e S u s p
S ta tu s
O T P B u s y
S ta tu s
R e a d y ,
P g m B u s y ,
P g m S u s p e n d ,
E r a s e B u s y ,
E r a s e S u s p e n d ,
P g m In E r a s e S u s p B u s y ,
P g m S u s p In E ra s e S u s p
O u tp u t
d o e s n o t
c h a n g e
)
A r ra y ( 3
S ta tu s
O u tp u t d o e s n o t c h a n g e
S ta tu s
ID /Q u e ry
Datasheet
87
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Figure 42. Write State Machine — Next State Table (Sheet 2 of 2)
C h iN e x t S t a t e a f t e r C o m m a n d In p u t
L o c k ,
n lo c k ,
L o c k -
o w
B lo c k
E n h a n c e d
F a c t P g m
E x it (b lk a d d
L o c k
B lo c k
Ille g a l
c o m m a n d s o r
E F P d a t a ( 2
U
O
T P
D
n
W
rite
C
R
( 9
W
S M
C u r r e n t C h i p
S t a t e ( 8 )
)
)
S e t u p ( 5
C o n f ir m
O
p e r a t io n
C o m p le te s
L o c k - d o w n ,
)
( 9
)
)
C o n f ir m
( 9
)
< >
W A 0 )
C
R
s e t u p ( 5
C o n f ir m
( 6 0 H
)
(C 0 H
T P
S e t u p
)
( 0 1 H
)
(2 F H )
( 0 3 H
)
( X X X X H
)
( o t h e r c o d e s )
L o c k / C
S e tu p
R
O
R e a d y
L o c k /C
T P
R
e a d y
N / A
R
S e t u p
R
e a d y ( L o c k E r r o r)
R
e a d y
R
e a d y
R
e a d y
R e a d y (L o c k E rr o r )
S e t u p
B u s y
O T P B u s y
O
R
R
e a d y
N / A
S e t u p
B u s y
P r o g ra m B u s y
P r o g ra m B u s y
P r o g r a m
e a d y
S u s p e n d
S e t u p
B u s y
P r o g ra m S u s p e n d
e a d y ( E rr o r)
E ra s e B u s y
N / A
R
E ra s e B u s y
R
e a d y
E r a s e
L o c k / C
S e t u p in
E ra s e S u s p
R
S u s p e n d
E r a s e S u s p e n d
N / A
S e t u p
B u s y
P ro g r a m in E r a s e S u s p e n d B u s y
P ro g r a m in E r a s e S u s p e n d B u s y
E r a s e
S u s p e n d
P r o g r a m in
E r a s e S u s p e n d
S u s p e n d
P r o g r a m S u s p e n d in E r a s e S u s p e n d
L o c k /C
S u s p e n d
R S e t u p in E r a s e
E r a s e S u s p e n d
( L o c k E r r o r)
E ra s e S u s p
E ra s e S u s p
E ra s e S u s p
E r a s e S u s p e n d ( L o c k E rr o r)
N / A
S e t u p
R
e a d y ( E rr o r)
E n h a n c e d
F a c t o ry
P r o g r a m
)
)
E F P ( 7
E F P ( 7
E F P V e r if y
E F P B u s y
E F P V e r if y
V e r i( 7
E F P V e r i( 7
)
)
R
e a d y
R e a d y
O u t p u t N e x t S t a t e a f t e r C o m m a n d In p u t
P g m S e tu p ,
E r a s e S e t u p ,
O
T P S e tu p ,
P g m in E ra s e S u s p S e t u p ,
E F P S e t u p ,
S t a tu s
E F P B u s y ,
V e r if y B u s y
L o c k /C
L o c k /C
R
R
S e t u p ,
S e t u p in E r a s e S u s p
S ta t u s
A rr a y
S t a tu s
O
u t p u t d o e s
n o t c h a n g e
O
T P B u s y
R e a d y ,
P g m B u s y ,
P g m S u s p e n d ,
E r a s e B u s y ,
O
u t p u t d o e s
S ta t u s
O
u t p u t d o e s n o t c h a n g e
A rr a y
n o t c h a n g e
E r a s e S u s p e n d ,
P g m I n E r a s e S u s p B u s y ,
P g m S u s p I n E ra s e S u s p
NOTES:
1. The output state shows the type of data that appears at the outputs if the partition address is the same as the command
address.
A partition can be placed in Read Array, Read Status or Read ID/CFI, depending on the command issued.
Each partition stays in its last output state (Array, ID/CFI or Status) until a new command changes it. The next WSM state does
not depend on the partition's output state.
For example, if partition #1's output state is Read Array and partition #4's output state is Read Status, every read from partition
#4 (without issuing a new command) outputs the Status register.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
2. Illegal commands are those not defined in the command set.
3. All partitions default to Read Array mode at power-up. A Read Array command issued to a busy partition results in undermined
data when a partition address is read.
4. Both cycles of 2 cycles commands should be issued to the same partition address. If they are issued to different partitions, the
second write determines the active partition. Both partitions will output status information when read.
5. If the WSM is active, both cycles of a 2 cycle command are ignored. This differs from previous Intel devices.
6. The Clear Status command clears status register error bits except when the WSM is running (Pgm Busy, Erase Busy, Pgm Busy
In Erase Suspend, OTP Busy, EFP modes) or suspended (Erase Suspend, Pgm Suspend, Pgm Suspend In Erase Suspend).
7. EFP writes are allowed only when status register bit SR.0 = 0. EFP is busy if Block Address = address at EFP Confirm
command. Any other commands are treated as data.
8. The "current state" is that of the WSM, not the partition.
9. Confirm commands (Lock Block, Unlock Block, Lock-down Block, Configuration Register) perform the operation and then move
to the Ready State.
10.In Erase suspend, the only valid two cycle commands are "Program Word", "Lock/Unlock/Lockdown Block", and "CR Write".
Both cycles of other two cycle commands ("OEM CAM program & confirm", "Program OTP & confirm", "EFP Setup & confirm",
"Erase setup & confirm") will be ignored. In Program suspend or Program suspend in Erase suspend, both cycles of all two
cycle commands will be ignored.
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Appendix B Common Flash Interface
This appendix defines the data structure or “database” returned by the Common Flash Interface
(CFI) Query command. System software should parse this structure to gain critical information
such as block size, density, x8/x16, and electrical specifications. Once this information has been
obtained, the software will know which command sets to use to enable flash writes, block erases,
and otherwise control the flash component. The Query is part of an overall specification for
multiple command set and control interface descriptions called Common Flash Interface, or CFI.
B.3
Query Structure Output
The Query database allows system software to obtain information for controlling the flash device.
This section describes the device’s CFI-compliant interface that allows access to Query data.
Query data are presented on the lowest-order data outputs (DQ0-7) only. The numerical offset
value is the address relative to the maximum bus width supported by the device. On this family of
devices, the Query table device starting address is a 10h, which is a word address for x16 devices.
For a word-wide (x16) device, the first two Query-structure bytes, ASCII “Q” and “R,” appear on
the low byte at word addresses 10h and 11h. This CFI-compliant device outputs 00h data on upper
bytes. The device outputs ASCII “Q” in the low byte (DQ0-7) and 00h in the high byte (DQ8-15).
At Query addresses containing two or more bytes of information, the least significant data byte is
presented at the lower address, and the most significant data byte is presented at the higher address.
In all of the following tables, addresses and data are represented in hexadecimal notation, so the
“h” suffix has been dropped. In addition, since the upper byte of word-wide devices is always
“00h,” the leading “00” has been dropped from the table notation and only the lower byte value is
shown. Any x16 device outputs can be assumed to have 00h on the upper byte in this mode.
Table 33. Summary of Query Structure Output as a Function of Device and Mode
Table 34. Example of Query Structure Output of x16- and x8 Devices
WordAddressing:
HexCode
D D
1
ByteAddressing:
Offset HexCode
DD
Offset
Value
Value
00010h
00011h
00012h
00013h
00014h
00015h
00016h
00017h
00018h
..
0051
0052
0059
"Q"
"R"
"Y"
PrVendor
ID#
PrVendor
TblAd
AltVendor
ID#
00010h
00011h
00012h
00013h
00014h
00015h
00016h
00017h
00018h
..
51
52
59
P_ID
L
P_ID
L
"Q"
"R"
"Y"
P_ID
PrVendor
ID#
ID#
..
L
P_ID
L
I
P_ID
..
I
I
A_ID
A_ID
..
..
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
B.4
Query Structure Overview
The Query command causes the flash component to display the Common Flash Interface (CFI)
Query structure or “database.” The structure sub-sections and address locations are summarized
below.
Table 35. Query Structure
Description(1)
Offset
Sub-Section Name
00000h
Manufacturer Code
00001h
Device Code
Block-specific information
(BA+2)h(2)
Block Status register
00004-Fh Reserved
Reserved for vendor-specific information
Command set ID and vendor data offset
Device timing & voltage information
Flash device layout
00010h
0001Bh
00027h
CFI query identification string
System interface information
Device geometry definition
Vendor-defined additional information specific
to the Primary Vendor Algorithm
P(3)
Primary Intel-specific Extended Query Table
NOTES:
1. Refer to the Query Structure Output section and offset 28h for the detailed definition of offset address as a
function of device bus width and mode.
2. BA = Block Address beginning location (i.e., 08000h is block 1’s beginning location when the block size is
32K-word).
3. Offset 15 defines “P” which points to the Primary Intel-specific Extended Query Table.
B.5
Block Status Register
The Block Status Register indicates whether an erase operation completed successfully or whether
a given block is locked or can be accessed for flash program/erase operations.
Block Erase Status (BSR.1) allows system software to determine the success of the last block erase
operation. BSR.1 can be used just after power-up to verify that the VCC supply was not
accidentally removed during an erase operation.
Table 36. Block Status Register
Offset
Length
Description
Block Lock Status Register
Add.
BA+2 --00 or --01
Value
(BA+2)h(1)
1
BSR.0 Block lock status
0 = Unlocked
BA+2 (bit 0): 0 or 1
1 = Locked
BSR.1 Block lock-down status
0 = Not locked down
1 = Locked down
BA+2 (bit 1): 0 or 1
BA+2 (bit 2–7): 0
BSR 2–7: Reserved for future use
NOTES:
1. BA = Block Address beginning location (i.e., 08000h is block 1’s beginning location when the block size is
32K-word).
B.6
CFI Query Identification String
The Identification String provides verification that the component supports the Common Flash
Interface specification. It also indicates the specification version and supported vendor-specified
command set(s).
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Table 37. CFI Identification
Hex
Add. Cod Valu
10:
Offset Length
Description
3 Query-uniqueASCIIstring“QRY“
10h
--51 "Q"
11:
--52 "R"
12:
--59 "Y"
2 PrimaryvendorcommandsetandcontrolinterfaceIDcode. 13: --03
16-bitIDcodeforvendor-s ecifiedalorithm 14: --00
15h 2 ExtendedQueryTableprimaryalgorithmaddress 15: --39
16: --00
17h 2 AlternatevendorcommandsetandcontrolinterfaceIDcode. 17: --00
0000hmeansnosecondvendor-specifiedalgorithmexists 18: --00
13h
19h 2 SecondaryalgorithmExtendedQueryTableaddress.
0000hmeansnoneexists
19: --00
1A: --00
Table 38. System Interface Information
Hex
Offset
1Bh
Length
Description
Add. Code Value
1
V
CC logic supply minimum program/erase voltage
1B:
1C:
1D:
1E:
--17 1.7V
--19 1.9V
--B4 11.4V
--C6 12.6V
--04 16µs
bits 0–3 BCD 100 mV
bits 4–7 BCD volts
1Ch
1Dh
1Eh
1
1
1
VCC logic supply maximum program/erase voltage
bits 0–3 BCD 100 mV
bits 4–7 BCD volts
V
PP [programming] supply minimum program/erase voltage
bits 0–3 BCD 100 mV
bits 4–7 HEX volts
V
PP [programming] supply maximum program/erase voltage
bits 0–3 BCD 100 mV
bits 4–7 HEX volts
“n” such that typical single word program time-out = 2n µ-sec
“n” such that typical max. buffer write time-out = 2n µ-sec
“n” such that typical block erase time-out = 2n m-sec
1Fh
20h
21h
22h
23h
24h
25h
26h
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1F:
20:
21:
22:
23:
24:
25:
26:
--00
--0A
--00
NA
1s
NA
“n” such that typical full chip erase time-out = 2n m-sec
“n” such that maximum word program time-out = 2n times typical
“n” such that maximum buffer write time-out = 2n times typical
“n” such that maximum block erase time-out = 2n times typical
“n” such that maximum chip erase time-out = 2n times typical
--04 256µs
--00
--03
--00
NA
8s
NA
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
B.7
Device Geometry Definition
Table 39. Device Geometry Definition
Offset
27h
Length
Description
Code
See table below
“n” such that device size = 2n in number of bytes
Flash device interface code assignment:
1
27:
28:
"n" such that n+1 specifies the bit field that represents the flash
device width capabilities as described in the table:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
28h
2
—
—
—
—
x64
x32
x16
9
x8
8
--01
x16
0
15
14
13
12
11
10
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
29:
2A:
2B:
2C:
--00
--00
--00
“n” such that maximum number of bytes in write buffer = 2n
2
1
2Ah
2Ch
Number of erase block regions (x) within device:
1. x = 0 means no erase blocking; the device erases in bulk
2. x specifies the number of device regions with one or
more contiguous same-size erase blocks.
See table below
3. Symmetrically blocked partitions have one blocking region
Erase Block Region 1 Information
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
4
4
4
2Dh
31h
35h
2D:
2E:
2F:
30:
31:
32:
33:
34:
35:
36:
37:
38:
See table below
See table below
See table below
Erase Block Region 2 Information
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
Reserved for future erase block region information
32 Mbit
64 Mbit
128 Mbit
–B
Address
–B
–T
–B
–T
–T
27:
28:
29:
2A:
2B:
2C:
2D:
2E:
2F:
30:
31:
32:
33:
34:
35:
36:
37:
38:
--16
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--3E
--00
--00
--01
--00
--00
--00
--00
--16
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--3E
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--20
--00
--00
--00
--00
--00
--17
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--7E
--00
--00
--01
--00
--00
--00
--00
--17
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--7E
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--20
--00
--00
--00
--00
--00
--18
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--FE
--00
--00
--01
--00
--00
--00
--00
--18
--01
--00
--00
--00
--02
--FE
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--20
--00
--00
--00
--00
--00
Datasheet
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
B.8
Intel-Specific Extended Query Table
Table 40. Primary Vendor-Specific Extended Query
Offset(1)
P = 39h
Hex
Length
Description
(Optional flash features and commands)
Add. Code Value
(P+0)h
(P+1)h
(P+2)h
(P+3)h
(P+4)h
(P+5)h
(P+6)h
(P+7)h
(P+8)h
3
Primary extended query table
Unique ASCII string “PRI“
39:
3A:
3B:
3C:
3D:
3E:
3F:
40:
41:
--50
--52
--49
--31
--33
--E6
--03
--00
--00
"P"
"R"
"I"
"1"
"3"
1
1
4
Major version number, ASCII
Minor version number, ASCII
Optional feature and command support (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 10–31 are reserved; undefined bits are “0.” If bit 31 is
“1” then another 31 bit field of Optional features follows at
the end of the bit–30 field.
bit 0 Chip erase supported
bit 1 Suspend erase supported
bit 2 Suspend program supported
bit 3 Legacy lock/unlock supported
bit 4 Queued erase supported
bit 5 Instant individual block locking supported
bit 6 Protection bits supported
bit 7 Pagemode read supported
bit 8 Synchronous read supported
bit 0 = 0
No
Yes
Yes
No
bit 1 = 1
bit 2 = 1
bit 3 = 0
bit 4 = 0
bit 5 = 1
bit 6 = 1
bit 7 = 1
bit 8 = 1
bit 9 = 1
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
bit 9 Simultaneous operations supported
Supported functions after suspend: read Array, Status, Query
Other supported operations are:
(P+9)h
1
2
42:
--01
bits 1–7 reserved; undefined bits are “0”
bit 0 Program supported after erase suspend
Block status register mask
bits 2–15 are Reserved; undefined bits are “0”
bit 0 Block Lock-Bit Status register active
bit 1 Block Lock-Down Bit Status active
VCC logic supply highest performance program/erase voltage
bit 0 = 1
Yes
(P+A)h
(P+B)h
43:
44:
--03
--00
bit 0 = 1
bit 1 = 1
Yes
Yes
(P+C)h
(P+D)h
1
1
45:
--18 1.8V
bits 0–3 BCD value in 100 mV
bits 4–7 BCD value in volts
PP optimum program/erase supply voltage
bits 0–3 BCD value in 100 mV
bits 4–7 HEX value in volts
V
46:
--C0 12.0V
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Table 41. Protection Register Information
(1)
Hex
Add. Code Value
47: --01 1
Len th
Descri tion
(Optional flash featuresandcommands)
P=39h
(P+E)h 1 Number of Protection register fields in JEDECIDspace.
“00h ” indicates that 256 rotectionfieldsareavailable
(P+F)h 4 ProtectionField1:ProtectionDescription
48: --80 80h
(P+10)h
(P+11)h
(P+12)h
Thisfielddescribesuser-availableOne TimePro rammable 49: --00 00h
OTPProtectionre isterb tes. Someare re- ro rammed 4A: --03 8byte
with device-unique serialnumbers. Others are user
programmable. Bits 0–15 point to the Protection register Lock
byte, the section’s first byte. The following bytes are factory
pre-programmed and user-programmable.
4B: --03 8byte
bits 0–7 = Lock/bytes Jedec-plane physicallowaddress
bits 8–15 = Lock/bytes Jedec-plane physicalhigh address
bits 16–23 =“n” such that 2n = factory pre-programmed bytes
bits 24–31 =“n” such that 2n = user ro rammable b tes
Table 42. Burst Read Information for Non-muxed Device
Offset(1)
P = 39h
Hex
Length
Description
(Optional flash features and commands)
Add. Code Value
(P+13)h
1
Page Mode Read capability
4C:
--03 8 byte
bits 0–7 = “n” such that 2n HEX value represents the number of
read-page bytes. See offset 28h for device word width to
determine page-mode data output width. 00h indicates no
read page buffer.
(P+14)h
(P+15)h
1
1
Number of synchronous mode read configuration fields that
4D:
4E:
--04
--01
4
4
follow. 00h indicates no burst capability.
Synchronous mode read capability configuration 1
Bits 3–7 = Reserved
bits 0–2 “n” such that 2n+1 HEX value represents the
maximum number of continuous synchronous reads when
the device is configured for its maximum word width. A value
of 07h indicates that the device is capable of continuous
linear bursts that will output data until the internal burst
counter reaches the end of the device’s burstable address
space. This field’s 3-bit value can be written directly to the
Read Configuration Register bits 0–2 if the device is
configured for its maximum word width. See offset 28h for
word width to determine the burst data output width.
Synchronous mode read capability configuration 2
Synchronous mode read capability configuration 3
Synchronous mode read capability configuration 4
(P+16)h
(P+17)h
(P+18)h
1
1
1
4F:
50:
51:
--02
--03
--07 Cont
8
16
Table 43. Partition and Erase-block Region Information
Offset(1)
See table below
Address
Len
P = 39h
Description
(Optional flash features and commands)
Bot
Top
Bottom
Top
(P+19)h (P+19)h Number of device hardware-partition regions within the device.
x = 0: a single hardware partition device (no fields follow).
x specifies the number of device partition regions containing
one or more contiguous erase block regions.
1
52:
52:
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Partition Region 1 Information
Offset(1)
P = 39h
See table below
Address
Description
Bot
53:
54:
55:
Top
53:
54:
55:
Bottom
(P+1A)h (P+1A)h
(P+1B)h (P+1B)h
Top
(Optional flash features and commands)
Number of identical partitions within the partition region
Len
2
(P+1C)h (P+1C)h Number of program or erase operations allowed in a partition
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
1
1
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
(P+1D)h (P+1D)h Simultaneous program or erase operations allowed in other
partitions while a partition in this region is in Program mode
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
(P+1E)h (P+1E)h Simultaneous program or erase operations allowed in other
partitions while a partition in this region is in Erase mode
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
(P+1F)h (P+1F)h Types of erase block regions in this Partition Region.
x = 0 = no erase blocking; the Partition Region erases in bulk
x = number of erase block regions w/ contiguous same-size
erase blocks. Symmetrically blocked partitions have one
blocking region. Partition size = (Type 1 blocks)x(Type 1
block sizes) + (Type 2 blocks)x(Type 2 block sizes) +…+
(Type n blocks)x(Type n block sizes)
56:
57:
58:
56:
57:
58:
1
1
(P+20)h (P+20)h Partition Region 1 Erase Block Type 1 Information
4
59:
5A:
5B:
5C:
5D:
5E:
5F:
59:
5A:
5B:
5C:
5D:
5E:
5F:
(P+21)h (P+21)h
(P+22)h (P+22)h
(P+23)h (P+23)h
(P+24)h (P+24)h
(P+25)h (P+25)h
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
Partition 1 (Erase Block Type 1)
Minimum block erase cycles x 1000
2
1
(P+26)h (P+26)h Partition 1 (erase block Type 1) bits per cell; internal ECC
bits 0–3 = bits per cell in erase region
bit 4 = reserved for “internal ECC used” (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 5–7 = reserve for future use
(P+27)h (P+27)h Partition 1 (erase block Type 1) page mode and synchronous
mode capabilities defined in Table 10.
1
4
60:
60:
bit 0 = page-mode host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 1 = synchronous host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 2 = synchronous host writes permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 3–7 = reserved for future use
(P+28)h
(P+29)h
(P+2A)h
(P+2B)h
(P+2C)h
(P+2D)h
(P+2E)h
Partition Region 1 Erase Block Type 2 Information
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
(bottom parameter device only)
Partition 1 (Erase block Type 2)
Minimum block erase cycles x 1000
61:
62:
63:
64:
65:
66:
67:
2
1
Partition 1 (Erase block Type 2) bits per cell
bits 0–3 = bits per cell in erase region
bit 4 = reserved for “internal ECC used” (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 5–7 = reserve for future use
(P+2F)h
Partition 1 (Erase block Type 2) pagemode and synchronous
mode capabilities defined in Table 10
1
68:
bit 0 = page-mode host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 1 = synchronous host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 2 = synchronous host writes permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 3–7 = reserved for future use
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Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Partition Region 2 Information
Offset(1)
P = 39h
See table below
Address
Description
Bot
69:
6A:
6B:
Top
61:
62:
63:
Bottom
Top
(Optional flash features and commands)
Len
2
(P+30)h (P+28)h Number of identical partitions within the partition region
(P+31)h (P+29)h
(P+32)h (P+2A)h Number of program or erase operations allowed in a partition
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
1
1
1
1
(P+33)h (P+2B)h Simultaneous program or erase operations allowed in other
partitions while a partition in this region is in Program mode
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
(P+34)h (P+2C)h Simultaneous program or erase operations allowed in other
partitions while a partition in this region is in Erase mode
bits 0–3 = number of simultaneous Program operations
bits 4–7 = number of simultaneous Erase operations
(P+35)h (P+2D)h Types of erase block regions in this Partition Region.
x = 0 = no erase blocking; the Partition Region erases in bulk
x = number of erase block regions w/ contiguous same-size
erase blocks. Symmetrically blocked partitions have one
blocking region. Partition size = (Type 1 blocks)x(Type 1
block sizes) + (Type 2 blocks)x(Type 2 block sizes) +…+
(Type n blocks)x(Type n block sizes)
6C:
6D:
6E:
64:
65:
66:
(P+36)h (P+2E)h Partition Region 2 Erase Block Type 1 Information
4
6F:
70:
71:
72:
73:
74:
75:
67:
68:
69:
6A:
6B:
6C:
6D:
(P+37)h (P+2F)h
(P+38)h (P+30)h
(P+39)h (P+31)h
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
(P+3A)h (P+32)h Partition 2 (Erase block Type 1)
(P+3B)h (P+33)h Minimum block erase cycles x 1000
(P+3C)h (P+34)h Partition 2 (Erase block Type 1) bits per cell
bits 0–3 = bits per cell in erase region
2
1
bit 4 = reserved for “internal ECC used” (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 5–7 = reserve for future use
(P+3D)h (P+35)h Partition 2 (erase block Type 1) pagemode and synchronous
mode capabilities as defined in Table 10.
1
4
76:
6E:
bit 0 = page-mode host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 1 = synchronous host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 2 = synchronous host writes permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 3–7 = reserved for future use
(P+36)h Partition Region 2 Erase Block Type 2 Information
6F:
70:
71:
72:
73:
74:
75:
(P+37)h
(P+38)h
(P+39)h
(P+3A)h
(P+3B)h
bits 0–15 = y, y+1 = number of identical-size erase blocks
bits 16–31 = z, region erase block(s) size are z x 256 bytes
Partition 2 (Erase Block Type 2)
Minimum block erase cycles x 1000
2
1
(P+3C)h Partition 2 (Erase Block Type 2) bits per cell
bits 0–3 = bits per cell in erase region
bit 4 = reserved for “internal ECC used” (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 5–7 = reserved for future use
(P+3D)h Partition 2 (Erase block Type 2) pagemode and synchronous
mode capabilities as defined in Table 10.
1
76:
bit 0 = page-mode host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 1 = synchronous host reads permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bit 2 = synchronous host writes permitted (1=yes, 0=no)
bits 3–7 = reserved for future use
(P+3E)h (P+3E)h Features Space definitions (Reserved for future use)
(P+3F)h (P+3F)h Reserved for future use
TBD
Resv'd 78:
77:
77:
78:
Datasheet
97
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Partition and Erase-block Region Information
Address
32 Mbit
64Mbit
128Mbit
–B
–T
–B
–T
–B
–T
52:
53:
54:
55:
56:
57:
58:
59:
5A:
5B:
5C:
5D:
5E:
5F:
60:
61:
62:
63:
64:
65:
66:
67:
68:
69:
6A:
6B:
6C:
6D:
6E:
6F:
70:
71:
72:
73:
74:
75:
76:
--02
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--07
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--02
--07
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
--02
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--0F
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--02
--0F
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
--02
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--1F
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--02
--1F
--00
--11
--00
--00
--01
--07
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--01
--00
--11
--00
--00
--02
--06
--00
--00
--01
--64
--00
--01
--03
--07
--00
--20
--00
--64
--00
--01
--03
NOTES:
1. The variable P is a pointer which is defined at CFI offset 15h.
2. TPD - Top parameter device; BPD - Bottom parameter device.
3. Partition: Each partition is 4Mb in size. It can contain main blocks OR a combination of both main and
parameter blocks.
4. Partition Region: Symmetrical partitions form a partition region. (there are two partition regions, A. contains
all the partitions that are made up of main blocks only. B. contains the partition that is made up of the
parameter and the main blocks.
98
Datasheet
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
Appendix C Ordering Information
Figure 43. VF BGA and µBGA Ordering Information
G E 2 8 F 6 4 0 W 1 8 T D 6 0
Access Speed (ns)
(60,80)
Package:
GE = 0.75 mm VF BGA
GT = 0.75 mm µBGA*
Process Identifier:
C = 0.18
µ
µ
m
Product Line Designator:
for all Intel Flash Products
D = 0.13
m
Parameter Location:
T = Top Parameter
B = Bottom Parameter
Device Density:
320 = 32Mbit
640 = 64Mbit
128 = 128Mbit
Product Family:
W18 = Intel® Wireless Flash
Memory
Figure 44. SCSP Ordering Information
R D 4 8 F 3 0 0 0 W 0 Y B Q 0
Device Details:
0 = Initial Version
Package:
RD = SCSP, Leaded
PF = SCSP, Pb-Free
Ballout Indicator:
Q= QUAD+
Product Line:
48F = Flash Only
Parameter Location:
T = Top Parameter
B = Bottom Parameter
Flash Density:
0 = No die
3 = 128 Mbit
Voltage:
Y
= 1.8 Volt I/O
Product Family Designator:
W = Intel® Wireless Flash Memory
Datasheet
99
Intel® Wireless Flash Memory (W18)
100
Datasheet
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