MAX2900EGI-BOW [MAXIM]
RF and Baseband Circuit;
| 型号： | MAX2900EGI-BOW |
| 厂家： | 
MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS |
| 描述： | RF and Baseband Circuit ISM频段 |
| 文件： | 总19页 (文件大小：411K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
19-2145; Rev 2; 12/07
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
General Description
Features
The MAX2900–MAX2904 complete single-chip 200mW
transmitters are designed for use in the 868MHz/
915MHz frequency bands. The MAX2900/MAX2901/
MAX2902 are compliant with the FCC CFR47 part 15.247
902MHz to 928MHz ISM-band specifications. MAX2903/
MAX2904 are compliant with the ETSI EN330-220 speci-
fication for the European 868MHz ISM band.
♦ Versions for U.S. 902MHz to 928MHz Band and
European 868MHz Band
♦ -7dBm to +23dBm Adjustable Differential RF
Output Power
♦ +23dBm Output Power at 4.5V, +20dBm Output
Power at 3.0V
♦ Support BPSK, OOK, ASK, and FM Modulations
These transmitter ICs offer a high level of integration
while minimizing the number of external components.
This is achieved by full integration of the transmit modu-
lator, power amplifier, RF VCO, 8-channel frequency syn-
thesizer, and baseband PN sequence lowpass filter. By
filtering the BPSK modulation, the spurious emissions are
reduced, enabling up to eight independent transmit
channels in the U.S. ISM band. Inputs are provided for
spread-spectrum BPSK, ASK, and OOK. FM can be
achieved by directly modulating the VCO. The devices
are intended primarily for use with an external differential
antenna.
♦ Modulation Filter for Direct Sequence BPSK up to
8Mchips/s
♦ Fully Integrated VCO with On-Chip Tank
♦ Extremely Low Frequency Pulling for OOK
Modulation (typ 60kHz peak, 5kHz RMS)
♦ Integrated Frequency Synthesizer for up to
8 Channels (MAX2900)
♦ +2.7V to +4.5V Supply Operation
♦ Small 28-Pin QFN Package with Exposed Pad
✕
(5mm 5mm)
Ordering Information
Applications
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
Automatic Meter Reading
Wireless Security Systems/Alarms
Wireless Sensors
Wireless Data Networks
Wireless Building Control
MAX2900EGI
-40°C to +85°C
28 QFN-EP*
MAX2901EGI
MAX2902EGI
MAX2903EGI
MAX2904EGI
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
28 QFN-EP*
28 QFN-EP*
28 QFN-EP*
28 QFN-EP*
*Exposed pad
Functional Diagrams/Pin Configurations
VCC5
27
VCC5
27
CPOUT
28
DIV63 REFOUT VCC4 REFIN
OSC
22
CPOUT
28
D2
26
REFOUT VCC4 REFIN
OSC
22
26
25
24
23
25
24
23
VCO+
VCO-
D0
21
20
19
21
20
19
VTUNE
VTUNE
1
2
1
2
MAX2901/
MAX2903
MAX2900
D1
GND
GND
÷4
CP
CP
3
3
VREG
DIVOUT
VREG
N.C.
DUAL-
CHANNEL
(/62 OR /63)
SYNTHESIZER
8-CHANNEL
SYNTHESIZER
REG
REG
4
5
6
7
18 GND
4
5
6
7
18 N.C.
VCC1
RLPF
VCC1
RLPF
RF+
17
RF+
17
RF-
16
RF-
16
EN
EN
GATE
GATE
GND
15
15
GND
REFEN
REFEN
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
8
9
10
11
12
13
PWRSET
14
MODIN
OOKIN
LD
PWRSET
MODIN
LD
VCC2
VASK
VCC3
VCC2
VASK
VCC3
OOKIN
Functional Diagrams/Pin Configurations are continued at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +5.0V
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
CC
Analog/Digital Input Voltage to GND..........-0.3V to (V + 0.3V)
Analog/Digital Input Current.............................................. 10ꢀA
CC
Continuous Power Dissipation (T = +70°C)
A
28-Pin QFN-EP (derate 28.5mW/°C above +70°C)............2W
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
Part Selection Information
Five different versions are available. The versions differ
by their frequency band of operation, and by the synthe-
sizer’s mode of operation. The MAX2900 has an internal
8-channel synthesizer.
The MAX2902 and MAX2904 require an off-chip fre-
quency synthesizer. The MAX2902 operates in the
902MHz– 928MHz ISM band and MAX2904 operates in
the 867MHz–870MHz European ISM band.
The MAX2901 and MAX2903 are dual-channel versions
with a selectable internal synthesizer division ratio of 62
or 63. The MAX2901 operates in the 902MHz to
928MHz ISM band and the MAX2903 operates in the
867MHz to 870MHz European ISM band.
The MAX2901–MAX2904 provide LO outputs to drive a
receiver and/or an external synthesizer.
PART
FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz)
902 to 928
SYNTHESIZER
Internal 8 selectable channels
Internal 2 selectable channels
Off-chip
LO OUTPUTS
MAX2900EGI
MAX2901EGI
MAX2902EGI
MAX2903EGI
MAX2904EGI
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
902 to 928
902 to 928
867 to 870
Internal 2 selectable channels
Off-chip
867 to 870
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
= +2.7V to +4.5V, EN = OOKIN = REFEN = high, T = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
= +4.5V, T = +25°C, unless
CC A
CC
A
otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
-3σ
TYP
+3σ
MAX
4.5
UNITS
Supply Voltage
2.7
4.5
0.7
60
V
V
V
= +4.0V
= +4.5V
10
CC
CC
Shutdown mode: EN =
ꢀA
REFEN = low
200
Synth mode: OOKIN = low
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2903 only)
32
40
Transmit mode with output
matching optimized for
+23dBm at +4.5V: PWRSET
loaded with 22kΩ resistor
Transmit mode with output
matching optimized for
+20dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET to +85°C
T
= -40°C
Supply Current
A
150
200
135
to +85°C
mA
T
= -40°C
A
110
loaded with 22kΩ resistor
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
= +2.7V to +4.5V, EN = OOKIN = REFEN = high, T = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
= +4.5V, T = +25°C, unless
CC A
CC
A
otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
-3σ
TYP
+3σ
MAX
UNITS
Transmit mode with output
matching optimized for
+17dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET
loaded with 36kΩ resistor
T
T
= +25°C
= +25°C
75
A
A
Transmit mode with output
matching optimized for
+14dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET
loaded with 51kΩ resistor
Supply Current (continued)
mA
57
Reference-only mode: EN = low
2
3
PA standby mode: OOKIN = low
(MAX2902/MAX2904 only)
29
33
2
VCO Input Tuning Pin Current
VREG VCO Regulator Voltage
VTUNE = +4.5V, T = +25°C
0.02
2.0
ꢀA
V
A
DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUTS (PINS EN, REFEN, D0, D1, D2, MODIN, OOKIN, LD)
V
CC
Input Level High
V
- 0.5V
Input Level Low
0.5
10
V
Input Bias Current
-10
ꢀA
V
- 0.4
CC
Output Level High
V
Output Level Low
0.4
V
Output Current
-100
100
ꢀA
ANALOG CONTROL INPUTS (PINS PWRSET, RLPF, VASK)
PWRSET Voltage
RLPF Voltage
1.2
1.2
220
V
V
VASK Input Impedance
100
400
kΩ
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX290_ EV kits. V
= +2.7V to +4.5V, R
= 68kΩ, R
= 22kΩ, f = 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
RF RF
PWRSET
CC
RLPF
= 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), VASK = VREG, f
= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
= 13.62MHz
REF
REF
(MAX2903/MAX2904), chip rate on MODIN = 1.22Mbps, P
= +23dBm, T = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
= +4.5V,
UNITS
pF
OUT
A
CC
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
-3σ
TYP
15
3
+3σ
MAX
ANALOG INPUT PINS
VTUNE Input Capacitance
DIGITAL INPUT PINS
VTUNE = +1.35V
Digital Input Pin Capacitance
pF
VCO AND SYNTHESIZERS SECTION
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
(MAX2903/MAX2904)
902
867
14
917.28
868
928
870
15
RFOUT Frequency Range
MHz
MHz
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
(MAX2903/MAX2904)
14.56
13.78
REFIN Reference Frequency
Range
13
14.5
REFDIV Fixed Reference Divider
Ratio
(MAX2900)
4
4
4
Table 4 (MAX2900)
249
62
256
63
Main Divider Ratios
(MAX2901/MAX2903)
(MAX2900)
3.5
13
3.64
3.75
15
PLL Comparison Frequency
VCO Buffer Output Power
MHz
dBm
(MAX2901/MAX2903)
300Ω differential load (MAX2901–MAX2904)
-12
1
REFDIV Fixed Reference
Divider Ratio
(MAX2901/MAX2903)
1
1
At 100kHz offset, measured at RFOUT,
PLL loop BW = 5kHz
VCO Phase Noise
VCO Tuning Gain
-101
65
dBc/Hz
MHz/V
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
(MAX2903/MAX2904)
44
86
85
5
60
kHz RMS
kHz peak
VCO Frequency Pulling with
OOK Modulation
OOKIN clocked at 19kHz, internal (crystal)
or external reference frequency
Measured at RFOUT, 5kHz offset,
PLL loop BW = 50kHz
PLL Phase Noise
-96
dBc/Hz
REFOUT Voltage Swing
CPOUT Charge Pump Current
Reference Spurs
100
200
mVp-p
ꢀA
500
-62
dBc
Reference Input Voltage for
Nominal Operation
Using an external frequency reference
300
mV
BPSK, OOK MODULATOR, AND PA
MODIN Frequency Range
1.2
1
8
Mb/s
MHz
Modulation Filter Nominal 3dB
Bandwidth
Modulation Filter Final Attenuation Measured at 30MHz
Carrier Suppression
28
41
28
dB
dB
At 960MHz (measured at RFOUT at
+23dBm output power)
Noise Power Density
-150
dBc/Hz
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX290_ EV kits. V
= 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), VASK = VREG, f
= +2.7V to +4.5V, R
= 68kΩ, R
= 22kΩ, f = 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
RF RF
PWRSET
CC
RLPF
= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
= 13.62MHz
REF
REF
(MAX2903/MAX2904), chip rate on MODIN = 1.22Mbps, P
= +23dBm, T = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V = +4.5V,
OUT
A
CC
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
-3σ
TYP
+3σ
MAX
UNITS
PWRSET = 22kΩ, V
= +4.5V,
CC
21
23.5
25
T
A
= +25°C
RF Output Power
dBm
PWRSET = 22kΩ, V
= +4.5V,
CC
20.5
18
25
21
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C
PWRSET = 22kΩ, V = +3.0V, T = +25°C
20
CC
A
f
= 900MHz to 930MHz
RF
0.3
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
RF Output Power Flatness
dB
f
= 867MHz to 870MHz
0.1
-17
-26
80
RF
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio
Alternate Channel Power Ratio
OOK Control Range
PN sequence at 1.22MHz
PN sequence at 1.22MHz
dBc
dBc
dB
40
OOKIN = high,
VASK = 0
41
ASK Output Power Adjustment
Range
ASK output power back-
off relative to max power
dB
ꢀs
OOKIN = high,
VASK = 1V
16
1
RFOUT Rise and Fall Time
Square-wave signal applied on OOK
At 2nd harmonic of RF output frequency
with external matching network
-50
At 3rd harmonic of RF output frequency
with external matching network
-51
-63
At 4th harmonic of RF output frequency
with external matching network
Spurious Emissions
dBc
Out of 902MHz to 928MHz band other than
harmonics with external matching network
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
< -70
< -70
Out of 867MHz to 870MHz band other than
harmonics with external matching network
(MAX2903/MAX2904)
Unlocked, Out-of-Band Spurious Any condition when synthesizer unlocked
< -50
-126
-126
dBm
Output Level
(pin LD low)
Modulation off, measured at 960MHz, any
gain setting (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
-120
-120
Noise Level Out of Band
dBm/Hz
Modulation off, measured at 900MHz, any
gain setting (MAX2903/MAX2904)
Output VSWR for Guaranteed
Stability
2:1
2:1
Maximum Allowable Output VSWR
Note 1: Devices are production tested at T = +25°C and +85°C. Min/Max values are guaranteed by design and characterization
A
over temperature and supply voltage.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX290_ EV kits. V
= +4.5V, f = 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f = 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), R
=
CC
RF
RF
RLPF
68kΩ, R
= 22kΩ, VASK = VREG, f
= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
= 13.78MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904),
PWRSET
REF
REF
chip rate on MODIN = 1.22 Mbps, RF output matching network optimized for +23dBm, V
otherwise noted.)
= 4.5V, T = +25°C, unless
A
CC
SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. V
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. V
OUTPUT POWER vs. V
CC
CC
CC
100
10
1
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
26
24
22
20
18
16
T
= +85°C
A
T
A
= +25°C
T
= +85°C
A
T
= +25°C
A
T
A
= +85°C
T = -40°C
A
T = -40°C
A
T
= +25°C
A
T = -40°C
A
0.1
80
2.5
3.0
3.5
(V)
4.0
4.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
(V)
4.0
4.5
V
V
(V)
V
CC
CC
CC
VCO PHASE NOISE AT 917.28MHz
PLL LOCK TIME
VCO SUPPLY PUSHING vs. V
CC
-40dBc/Hz
918.0
917.5
917.0
916.5
916.0
915.5
915.0
100kHz
20kHz/div
-140dBc/Hz
-100kHz
STOP 30μs
FREQUENCY OFFSET (MHz)
2.5
3.0
3.5
(V)
4.0
4.5
START 0s
V
CC
LOWPASS FILTER 3-dB RESPONSE
RF POWER vs. FREQUENCY
(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)
vs. R
BPSK MODULATION OUTPUT vs. TIME
RLPF
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
225deg
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
A
B
C
A: V = 4.5V, T = -40°C
CC
A
B: V = 4.5V, T = +25°C
CC
A
C: V = 4.5V, T = +85°C
CC
A
D: V = 2.7V, T = -40°C
CC
A
45deg/div
E: V = 2.7V, T = +25°C
CC
A
F: V = 2.7V, T = +85°C
CC
A
E
D
F
0
-225deg
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
STOP 40μs
START 0s
900
905
910
915
920
925
930
R
(kΩ)
RLPF
FREQUENCY (MHz)
6
_______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX290_ EV kits. V
= +4.5V, f = 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f = 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), R
=
CC
RF
RF
RLPF
68kΩ, R
= 22kΩ, VASK = VREG, f
= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f
= 13.78MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904),
PWRSET
REF
REF
chip rate on MODIN = 1.22 Mbps, RF output matching network optimized for +23dBm, V
otherwise noted.)
= 4.5V, T = +25°C, unless
A
CC
OUTPUT SPECTRUM WITH PN SEQUENCE
AT 1.22MHz AT MODIN
RF POWER vs. FREQUENCY
(MAX2903/MAX2904)
OUTPUT SPECTRUM WITH 600kHz
SQUARE WAVE INPUT AT MODIN
17
16
15
14
13
12
30dBm
30dBm
RF OUTPUT MATCHING
OPTIMIZED FOR +14dBm
MKR
917.35MHz
8.17dBm
MKR
917.31MHz
-16.33dBm
OUTPUT AT V = +3.0V
CC
V
= +3.6V
CC
10dB/div
10dB/div
V
V
= +3.0V
= +2.7V
CC
CC
-70dBm
-70dBm
SPAN 20MHz
SPAN 20MHz
CENTER 917.28MHz
860
864
868
872
876
CENTER 917.28MHz
FREQUENCY (MHz)
SPURIOUS LEVEL FROM
DC TO 7TH HARMONIC
RF OUT RISE AND FALL TIME TRANSIENT
WITH SQUARE ASK
RF OUT RISE AND FALL TIME TRANSIENT
WITH SQUARE OOK
30dBm
22dBVp-p
0dBVp-p
10dB/div
T
f
T
r
MKR
910MHz
23.17dBm
T
r
T
f
10dB/div
10dB/div
-70dBm
-78dBVp-p
-100dBVp-p
STOP 7GHz
STOP 85μs
START 0Hz
START 45μs
STOP 86μs
START 46μs
SPURIOUS LEVEL BETWEEN 50MHz
FROM CARRIER FREQUENCY
TRANSMITTER EFFICIENCY vs. R
PWRSET
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
30dBm
A
B
C
D
E
F
10dB/div
A: V = 4.5V, T = -40°C
CC
A
B: V = 4.5V, T = +25°C
CC
A
C: V = 4.5V, T = +85°C
CC
A
D: V = 2.7V, T = -40°C
CC
A
E: V = 2.7V, T = +25°C
CC
A
F: V = 2.7V, T = +85°C
CC
A
-70dBm
SPAN 100MHz
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
CENTER 917.28MHz
R
(kΩ)
PWRSET
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Pin Description
PIN
MAX2901
MAX2903
1
NAME
PIN TYPE
FUNCTION
MAX2902
MAX2904
1
MAX2900
1
2
VTUNE
GND
Analog Input
Supply Pin
VCO tuning voltage input
2
2
Ground
Regulated voltage output to supply the VCO.
Bypass with a 0.01ꢀF capacitor to GND as
close to the part as possible.
Analog
Input/Output
3
4
3
3
VREG
VCC1
Power supply pin for VCO circuits. Bypass
with a 1000pF and a 10ꢀF capacitor to GND
as close to the part as possible.
4
4
Supply Pin
Analog Input
Resistor to Ground modulation filter bandwidth.
Resistor to ground on this pin sets the
5
6
7
5
6
7
5
6
7
RLPF
EN
Chip-enable digital input pin. Set EN low
maintain the chip in power-down mode.
Digital Input
Digital Input
Enable for crystal oscillator and frequency
reference buffer.
REFEN
8
9
8
9
8
9
MODIN
OOKIN
Digital Input
Digital Input
BPSK modulation input
On-off keying modulation. On state = high.
Power supply pin for internal RF buffer
circuits. Bypass with a 100pF and a 0.01ꢀF
capacitor to GND as close to the part as
possible.
10
11
10
11
10
11
VCC2
VASK
Supply
Analog Voltage
Input
ASK voltage input pin
Lock detector output digital pin. Level is
high when PLL is inside lock range.
12
—
13
12
—
13
—
12
13
LD
D.C.
Digital Output
Do NOT Connect
—
Analog Input
Resistor to Ground
PWRSET
Current input set to adjust output power.
Power supply pin for RF power amplifier
circuits. Bypass with a 100pF capacitor to GND
as close to the part as possible.
14
14
14
VCC3
Supply
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
PIN TYPE
FUNCTION
MAX2901
MAX2903
MAX2902
MAX2904
MAX2900
15
16, 17
18
15
16, 17
—
15
16, 17
—
GND
RF-, RF+
N.C.
Supply Pin
RF Output
Ground
RF differential output, open-collector type
Not Connected
Supply Pin
—
—
18
—
GND
Ground
—
—
18
D.C.
Do Not Connect
Not Connected
ECL Output
—
19
—
19
N.C.
—
—
19
—
DIVOUT
Divider output
Open Collector
RF
—
20, 21
20, 21
VCO-, VCO+
VCO output (differential)
20
21
—
—
—
—
D1
D0
Digital Input
Digital Input
Channel selection bit 1
Channel selection bit 0
Crystal oscillator connection. See Typical
Operating Circuit.
22
22
22
OSC
Analog Input
Reference input pin analog (can be used as
input or as crystal oscillator driver). See
Typical Operating Circuit.
Analog Voltage
Input
23
23
23
REFIN
Power-supply pin for the synthesizer circuits.
Bypass with a 1000pF capacitor to GND as
close to the part as possible.
24
—
24
—
—
VCC4
VCC4
Supply Pin
Supply Pin
Power-supply pin for the digital circuits.
Bypass with a 100pF capacitor to GND as
close to the part as possible.
24
25
26
25
—
25
—
REFOUT
D2
Analog Output
Digital Input
Buffered clock analog output pin
Channel selection bit 2
Division ratio selections (division ratio = 62
when DIV63 = high; division
ratio = 63 when DIV63 = low).
—
—
27
26
—
27
—
26
—
DIV63
N.C.
Digital Input
Not Connected
Supply Pin
—
Power-supply pin for charge pump circuits.
Bypass with a 100pF capacitor to GND as
close to the part as possible.
VCC5
Power-supply pin. Bypass with a 100pF
capacitor to GND as close to the part as
possible.
—
—
27
VCC5
Supply Pin
28
—
28
—
—
CPOUT
D.C.
Analog Output
Charge pump output pin
—
28
Do Not Connect
Electrical
Ground
Back side of package is connected to
ground.
GROUND
GROUND
GROUND
GROUND
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
3) Transmit mode: Pin EN and REFEN are high. If output
Detailed Description
pin LD is high, the device is ready to transmit. When
OOKIN is high, the power amplifier is turned on. The
current consumption varies between 50mA and
120mA, depending on the output power requested by
the combination of the OOK duty cycle, the PWRSET
value, and output matching circuit.
Principles of Operation
When EN goes high, the reference and the VCO start
while the PA stays in the off mode. For MAX2900/
MAX2901/MAX2903, the PLL also starts when EN goes
high. After the lock-detect pin LD goes high, the PA is set
to stand-by mode. For the MAX2902/MAX2904, the VCO
loop has to be closed by using an external synthesizer.
After this, pulling OOKIN high turns on the PA. The inter-
nal modulation filter smoothes the power ramp-up of the
PA.
4) Reference Only mode: This mode enables the use
of the crystal reference from the IC to drive the
external logic ICs. To obtain this mode, set the
REFEN pin high and EN low. In this mode, only the
reference circuit turns on, the crystal oscillator starts,
and the clock is present at the REFOUT pin. The cur-
rent consumption remains much lower than that in the
SYNTH mode because the VCO, synthesizer, and PA
standby circuits are off. When EN goes high, the IC
goes into the SYNTH mode.
The modulation filter BW is typically 0.8MHz, used for a
1.22Mbps chip rate, and can be adjusted by varying
RLPF. A high value can be used for RLPF to get a slow
PA ramping up when BPSK is not used.
The reference blocks can be turned on separately (and
earlier) by pulling REFEN high, to allow the crystal fre-
quency to settle.
Synthesizer Programming
The three pins D0–D2 (MAX2900) and DIV63 (MAX2901/
MAX2903) are used as digital entries to program the syn-
thesizer division ratios. Tables 4 and 5 show the division
ratios obtained for the various pin logic levels.
The device supports various modulation modes:
•
BPSK, filtered by the internal modulation filter, is
obtained through the MODIN pin. This is the pre-
ferred mode of operation for MAX2900.
•
•
•
•
OOK is obtained digitally with the OOKIN pin.
ASK is obtained through the ASK pin.
FM is imposed on the VCO or the reference.
TO INTERNAL
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
FM is the preferred mode of operation for the
MAX2903/MAX2904 due to the narrowband opera-
tion common in Europe.
PIN PWRSET
100Ω
The maximum output power is set by the output match-
ing network and the external biasing resistor on the
PWRSET pin.
INTERNAL
CIRCUITS
1.2V
EXTERNAL
RESISTOR
For the MAX2901–MAX2904, differential LO outputs are
provided to drive a companion receiver and/or an
external synthesizer.
Figure 1. PIN PWRSET Equivalent Circuit
Analog Input Control Pins
The two pins PWRSET and VASK are analog inputs
used to control the power of the transmitter. The equiv-
alent input schematics are defined in Figures 1, 2, and
3. The PWRSET pin sets the biasing of the amplification
chain. Because the last stage of the amplifier operates
in saturation, the output power mostly depends on the
load and supply voltage. The purpose of the PWRSET
resistor is to achieve optimum biasing (and therefore
efficiency) for various maximum output power configu-
rations. For a given application with a known operating
voltage and peak power, a fixed value of resistor is
determined. The output power range of -7dBm to
+23dBm at 4.5V is obtained by choosing a combination
of output load line and the resistor on PWRSET; 22kΩ is
Power-Up Modes
The circuit has four modes of operations, defined as
follows:
1) Shutdown mode: Pin EN and REFEN are low, all
functions are off, and the current consumption is
leakage only.
2) Synth mode: Pin EN and REFEN are high, pin
OOKIN is low. The reference circuits, VCO, and
synthesizer are turned on. The power amplifier is in
stand-by mode. Total current is less than 50mA.
Note that as long as the LD pin is not going high,
indicating that the PLL is unlocked, OOKIN high is
ignored.
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
used on the EV kit board for +23dBm output power at
The RLPF pin sets the bandwidth of the modulation fil-
ter. The default filter bandwidth, obtained with a 68kΩ
resistor, is for 1.2Mchips/s. The bandwidth is increased
to accommodate 5Mchips/s by decreasing the resistor
value to about 26kΩ. The minimum value for the resistor
is 12kΩ, which generates the maximum filter band-
width. A higher value can be used in FM mode to set
up a slow ramp-up time for the PA.
4.5V, and 22kΩ is also recommended for +20dBm out-
put power at +3.0V. For +17dBm at 3.0V, 36kΩ is rec-
ommended. The current consumption, efficiency, and
distortion in the amplification chain are affected by the
choice of the resistor RPWRSET, offering a lot of design
flexibility.
Data Filter Characteristics
The data filter approximates a 3rd-order Butterworth fil-
ter. The 3dB cut-off frequency is adjusted through the
resistor on pin RLPF, which controls the first two poles
of the filter (the last high-frequency pole is fixed and set
around 10MHz). The filter is adjustable in a range from
approximately 700kHz to 7MHz.
TO VREG
(2.1V)
TO INTERNAL
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
PIN
VASK
EXTERNAL
RESISTOR
BRIDGE
>200kΩ
INTERNAL
CIRCUITS
1.5V
With the nominal setting (3dB cut off at 0.8MHz), the fil-
ter attenuation is 10dB at 3.6MHz. If used with a BPSK
at 1.22MHz, this provides about 30dB of modulation
rolloff at 3.6MHz. Hence, a significant channelization
effect is obtained.
Figure 2. PIN VASK Equivalent Circuit
In the wideband setting (3dB cut off at 5MHz), the
attenuation at 30MHz is still 30dB, helping to pass the
FCC spurious emissions at 960MHz.
The VASK pin is an input to the internal gain control cir-
cuitry. The gain control is greater than 30dB over the
full range of input voltages from 0 to VREG = 2.1V. This
input is used for ASK modulation. At 1V, a typical 15dB
attenuation is obtained from the peak power. When this
input is not used, connect VASK to VREG.
The RLPF input controls the modulation filter center fre-
quency.
TO INTERNAL
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
PIN RLPF
100Ω
INTERNAL
CIRCUITS
1.2V
EXTERNAL
RESISTOR
Figure 3. PIN RLPF Equivalent Circuit
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Table 1. MAX2900 Power-Up Modes
LOGIC LEVEL
INTERNAL BLOCK STATUS
REFEN
EN
0
OOKIN
REFERENCE
VCO MOD FILTER
SYNTHESIZER
PA
Off
Off
Off
0
1
1
X
X
0
Off
On
On
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
On
0
1
On only after LD
goes high
1
1
1
On
On
On
Table 2. MAX2901/MAX2903 Power-Up Modes
REFEN
EN
0
OOKIN
REFERENCE
VCO MOD FILTER
SYNTHESIZER
PA
Off
Off
Off
0
1
1
X
X
0
Off
On
On
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
On
0
1
On only after LD
goes high
1
1
1
On
On
On
Table 3. MAX2902/MAX2904 Power-Up Modes
REFEN
EN
0
OOKIN
REFERENCE
VCO MOD FILTER
PA
Off
Off
Off
Off
On
On
0
1
0
1
0
1
X
0
0
0
1
1
Off
On
Off
On
Off
On
Off
Off
On
On
On
On
0
1
1
1
1
Table 4. MAX2900 Synthesizer
Programming
Table 5. MAX2901/MAX2903 Synthesizer
Programming
D0
0
D1
1
D2
1
DIVISION RATIO
DIV 63
DIVISION RATIO
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
0
1
62
63
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Typical Operating Circuits
R E F I N
P W R S E T
R E F O U T
V C C 5
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Typical Operating Circuits (continued)
R E F I N
P W R S E T
R E F O U T
D I V 6 3
V C C 5
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Typical Operating Circuits (continued)
P W R S E T
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Functional Diagrams/
Pin Configurations (continued)
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 898
VCC5
27
D.C.
28
REFOUT VCC4 REFIN
OSC
22
N.C.
26
25
24
23
VCO+
VCO-
N.C.
21
20
19
VTUNE
1
2
GND
3
VREG
REG
4
5
6
7
18 D.C.
VCC1
RLPF
MAX2902/
MAX2904
RF+
17
RF-
16
15
EN
GATE
GND
REFEN
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
MODIN
D.C.
VCC2
VASK
PWRSET
VCC3
OOKIN
16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
18 ______________________________________________________________________________________
200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for
868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands
Revision History
REVISION REVISION
PAGES
DESCRIPTION
CHANGED
NUMBER
DATE
1
2
8/03
—
—
4
12/07
Separate VCO Tuning Gain specification into two rows
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 19
© 2007 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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