MAX4241 [MAXIM]
Single/Dual/Quad, !.8V/10レA, SOT23, Beyond-the-Rails Op Amps; 单/双/四路， ！ .8V / 10レA， SOT23封装，超摆幅运算放大器
| 型号： | MAX4241 |
| 厂家： | 
MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS |
| 描述： | Single/Dual/Quad, !.8V/10レA, SOT23, Beyond-the-Rails Op Amps |
| 文件： | 总16页 (文件大小：175K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
19-1343; Rev 0; 3/98
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
________________Ge n e ra l De s c rip t io n
____________________________Fe a t u re s
The MAX4240–MAX4244 family of micropower op amps
operate from a single +1.8V to +5.5V supply or dual
±0.9V to ±2.75V supplies and have Beyond-the-Rails™
♦ Ultra-Low-Voltage Operation:
Guaranteed Down to +1.8V
Typical Operation to +1.5V
®
inp uts a nd Ra il-to-Ra il outp ut c a p a b ilitie s . The s e
♦ Ultra-Low Power Consumption:
10µA Supply Current per Amplifier
1µA Shutdown Mode (MAX4241/MAX4243)
Up to 200,000 Hours Operation from Two AA
Alkaline Cells
amplifiers provide a 90kHz gain-bandwidth product
while using only 10µA of supply current per amplifier.
The MAX4241/MAX4243 have a low-power shutdown
mode that reduces supply current to less than 1µA and
forces the output into a high-impedance state. Although
the minimum operating voltage is specified at +1.8V,
these devices typically operate down to +1.5V. The
combination of ultra-low-voltage operation, beyond-the-
rails inputs, rail-to-rail outputs, and ultra-low power con-
sumption makes these devices ideal for any portable/
two-cell battery-powered system.
♦ Beyond-the-Rails Input Common-Mode Range
♦ Outputs Swing Rail-to-Rail
♦ No Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs
♦ 200µV Input Offset Voltage
These amplifiers have an input common-mode range
that extends 200mV beyond each rail, and their outputs
typically swing to within 9mV of the rails with a 100kΩ
load. Beyond-the-rails input and rail-to-rail output char-
acteristics allow the full power-supply voltage to be
used for signal range. The combination of low input off-
set voltage, low input bias current, and high open-loop
gain makes them suitable for low-power/low-voltage
precision applications.
♦ Unity-Gain Stable for Capacitive Loads up to 200pF
♦ 90kHz Gain-Bandwidth Product
♦ Available in Space-Saving 5-Pin SOT23 and
8-Pin µMAX Packages
_______________Ord e rin g In fo rm a t io n
PIN-
SOT
PART
TEMP. RANGE
The MAX4240 is offered in a space-saving 5-pin SOT23
package. All specifications are guaranteed over the
-40°C to +85°C extended temperature range.
PACKAGE TOP MARK
MAX4240EUK-T -40°C to +85°C 5 SOT23-5
ACCS
—
MAX4241EUA
MAX4241ESA
MAX4242EUA
MAX4242ESA
MAX4243EUB
MAX4243ESD
MAX4244ESD
-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 10 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 14 SO
-40°C to +85°C 14 SO
—
________________________Ap p lic a t io n s
—
Two-Cell Battery-
Powered Systems
Strain Gauges
Sensor Amplifiers
Cellular Phones
Notebook Computers
PDAs
—
—
Portable/Battery-Powered
Electronic Equipment
—
—
Digital Scales
_________________P in Co n fig u ra t io n s
_____________________S e le c t o r Gu id e
TOP VIEW
NO. OF
AMPS
PART
SHUTDOWN
PIN-PACKAGE
OUT
1
2
3
5
4
V
CC
MAX4240
MAX4241
MAX4242
1
1
2
—
Yes
—
5-pin SOT23
8-pin µMAX/SO
8-pin µMAX/SO
MAX4240
V
EE
10-pin µMAX,
14-pin SO
MAX4243
MAX4244
2
4
Yes
—
IN+
IN-
14-pin SO
SOT23-5
Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola Ltd.
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800.
For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (V to V )....................................................6V
10-pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C above +70°C) ............444mW
14-pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)...............667mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
CC
EE
All Other Pins ...................................(V + 0.3V) to (V - 0.3V)
CC
EE
Output Short-Circuit Duration (to V or V )............Continuous
CC
EE
Continuous Power Dissipation (T = +70°C)
A
5-pin SOT23 (derate 7.1mW/°C above +70°C).............571mW
8-pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) ..............330mW
8-pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C).................471mW
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = +25°C
A
(V
= +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V
/ 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V
/ 2, SHDN = V , T = +25°C, unless
CC CC A
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
5.5
UNITS
Supply-Voltage Range
V
CC
Inferred from PSRR test
1.8
V
V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
10
14
12
CC
Supply Current
per Amplifier
I
µA
µA
SHDN = V
CC
CC
0–MAX24
V
CC
18
V
CC
1.0
1.5
Shutdown Supply
Current (Note 2)
I
SHDN = V
CC(SHDN)
EE
V
CC
2.0
3.0
MAX4241ESA
±0.20
±0.75
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
±0.20
±0.25
±0.88
±1.40
(V - 0.2V) ≤ V
(V + 0.2V)
CC
≤
EE
CM
Input Offset Voltage
V
OS
mV
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
I
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
±2
±0.5
45
±6
nA
nA
MΩ
kΩ
B
I
OS
±1.5
V
IN+
- V
< 1.0V
IN-
Differential Input
Resistance
R
IN(DIFF)
V
IN+
- V
> 2.5V
4.4
IN-
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range
V
CM
Inferred from the CMRR test
V
EE
- 0.2
V + 0.2
CC
V
MAX4241ESA
72
72
90
90
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
V
CC
= 1.8V
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
66
77
77
88
94
94
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
(Note 4)
CMRR
dB
MAX4241ESA
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
V
CC
= 5.0V
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
72
90
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = +25°C (continued)
A
(V
= +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V
/ 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V
/ 2, SHDN = V , T = +25°C, unless
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
CC CC A
otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MAX4241ESA
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
80
85
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
80
78
85
82
Power-Supply
Rejection Ratio
PSRR
1.8V ≤ V ≤ 5.5V
dB
CC
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
80
70
90
82
85
73
94
85
8
V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
CC
Large-Signal
Voltage Gain
(V + 0.2V) ≤ V
(V - 0.2V)
CC
≤
EE
OUT
A
dB
mV
mV
VOL
V
CC
20
65
25
95
15
35
20
60
V
CC
40
10
60
6
Output Voltage
Swing High
Specified as
V
OH
V
CC
- V
OH
V
CC
V
CC
23
10
40
0.7
2.5
Output Voltage
Swing Low
Specified as
- V
V
OL
V
EE
OL
V
CC
Sourcing
Sinking
Output Short-Circuit
Current
I
mA
nA
OUT(SC)
Output Leakage
Current in Shutdown
(Notes 2, 5)
I
20
50
SHDN = V = 0, V = 5.5V
OUT(SHDN)
EE
CC
SHDN Logic Low
(Note 2)
V
0.3 x V
V
V
IL
CC
SHDN Logic High
(Note 2)
V
IH
0.7 x V
CC
SHDN Input Bias
Current (Note 2)
I
, I
40
80
90
80
nA
dB
kHz
SHDN = V = 5.5V or SHDN = V = 0
IH IL
CC
EE
Channel-to-Channel
Isolation (Note 6)
CH
Specified at DC
ISO
Gain-Bandwidth
Product
GBW
Φ
Phase Margin
Gain Margin
Slew Rate
68
18
40
degrees
dB
m
G
m
SR
V/ms
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = +25°C (continued)
A
(V
= +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V
/ 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V
/ 2, SHDN = V , T = +25°C, unless
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
CC CC A
otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Input Voltage Noise
Density
e
n
f = 1kHz
f = 1kHz
70
nV/√Hz
Input Current Noise
Density
i
n
0.05
pA/√Hz
Capacitive-Load
Stability
A
VCL
= +1V/V, no sustained oscillations
200
50
pF
µs
µs
Shutdown Time
t
SHDN
Enable Time from
Shutdown
t
150
ENABLE
Power-Up Time
t
200
3
µs
ON
Input Capacitance
C
pF
IN
Total Harmonic
Distortion
0–MAX24
THD
f
= 1kHz, V = 5.0V, V
= 2Vp-p, A = +1V/V
0.05
50
%
IN
CC
OUT
V
Settling Time to 0.01%
t
A
= +1V/V, V = 5.0V, V
= 2V
STEP
µs
S
V
CC
OUT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = T
T
MAX
A
MIN
to
(V = +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V / 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, SHDN = V , T = T
to T , unless oth-
MAX
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
CC
CC
A
MIN
erwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Supply-Voltage Range
V
Inferred from PSRR test
1.8
5.5
14
V
CC
V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
CC
Supply Current
per Amplifier
I
CC
µA
µA
SHDN = V
CC
V
CC
19
V
CC
2.0
3.5
±1.2
Shutdown Supply
Current (Note 2)
I
SHDN = V
CC(SHDN)
EE
V
CC
MAX4241ESA
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
±1.3
±2.0
(V - 0.2V) ≤ V
(V + 0.2V)
CC
≤
EE
CM
Input Offset Voltage
V
OS
mV
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
Input Offset Voltage
Drift
TC
2
µV/°C
VOS
Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
I
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
±15
±7
nA
nA
B
I
OS
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range
V
CM
Inferred from the CMRR test
-0.2
V
CC
+ 0.2
V
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = T
T
(continued)
MAX
A
MIN
to
(V = +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V / 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, SHDN = V , T = T
to T , unless oth-
MAX
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
CC
CC
A
MIN
erwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX4241ESA
68
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
68
V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
CC
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
64
74
74
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
(Note 4)
CMRR
dB
MAX4241ESA
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
V
CC
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
70
76
76
MAX4241ESA
MAX4242ESA/MAX4243ESD/
MAX4244ESD
Power-Supply
Rejection Ratio
PSRR
1.8V ≤ V ≤ 5.5V
dB
CC
MAX4240EUK/MAX424_EUA/
MAX4243EUB
74
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
R
L
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
= 100kΩ
= 10kΩ
76
66
84
76
V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
= 1.8V
= 5.0V
CC
Large-Signal
Voltage Gain
(V + 0.2V) ≤ V
(V - 0.2V)
CC
≤
EE
OUT
A
dB
dB
dB
VOL
V
CC
25
95
30
145
20
50
25
75
V
CC
Output Voltage
Swing High
Specified as
V
OH
V
CC
- V
OH
V
CC
V
CC
Output Voltage
Swing Low
Specified as
- V
V
OL
V
EE
OL
V
CC
Output Leakage
Current in Shutdown
(Notes 2, 5)
I
100
nA
V
SHDN = V = 0, V = 5.5V
OUT(SHDN)
EE
CC
SHDN Logic Low
(Note 2)
V
IL
0.3 x V
CC
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS — T = T
to T
(continued)
MAX
MIN
A
(V = +1.8V to +5.5V, V = 0, V
= 0, V
= V / 2, R = 100kΩ tied to V / 2, SHDN = V , T = T
to T , unless oth-
MAX
CC
EE
CM
OUT
CC
L
CC
CC
A
MIN
erwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
SHDN Logic High
(Note 2)
V
IH
0.7 x V
V
CC
SHDN Input Bias
Current (Note 2)
I
, I
120
nA
SHDN = V = 5.5V or SHDN = V = 0
IH IL
CC
EE
Note 1: The MAX4240EUK, MAX4241EUA, MAX4242EUA, and MAX4243EUB specifications are 100% tested at T = +25°C. All
A
temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 2: Shutdown mode applies to the MAX4241/MAX4243 only.
Note 3: Input bias current and input offset current are tested with V = +5.0V and 0 ≤ V ≤ 5.0V.
CC
CM
Note 4: Tested over the specified input common-mode range.
Note 5: Tested for 0 ≤ V ≤ V . Does not include current through external feedback network.
OUT
CC
Note 6: Channel-to-channel isolation specification applies to the MAX4242/MAX4243/MAX4244 only.
__________________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s
0–MAX24
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, V
= V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC L CC A
CC
EE
CM
CC
SHDN
SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER
vs. TEMPERATURE
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT
PER AMPLIFIER vs. TEMPERATURE
MINIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
20
5
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
PSRR ≥ 80dB
18
16
14
12
10
8
4
3
2
1
0
V
CC
= +5.5V
V
= +5.5V
= +1.8V
CC
V
= +1.8V
CC
6
V
CC
4
1.1
1.0
2
0
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
80
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
-60 -40 -20
20 40 60
100
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V = 1.8V)
CC
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
5.0
2.5
0
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
400
300
200
100
0
V
= 0
CM
V
CC
= +1.8V
V
= +1.8V
= +5.5V
CC
V
CC
-2.5
-5.0
40
-0.2
0.2
0.6
1.0
(V)
1.4
1.8
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
V
CM
TEMPERATURE (°C)
6
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
____________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, V
= V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC L CC A
CC
EE
CM
CC
SHDN
INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs.
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V = 5.5V)
OUTPUT SWING HIGH
vs. TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT SWING LOW
vs. TEMPERATURE
CC
5.0
120
120
100
80
V
CC
= +5.5V
R TO V
L
EE
R TO V
L
CC
100
80
2.5
0
V
= +1.8V, R = 10kΩ
L
CC
60
60
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ
L
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ
L
40
40
V
= +1.8V, R = 10kΩ
L
CC
-2.5
-5.0
V
= +5.5V, R = 100kΩ
L
CC
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 100kΩ
L
20
0
20
0
V
= +1.8V, R = 100kΩ
L
V
= +1.8V, R = 100kΩ
L
CC
CC
1.5
2.5
(V)
3.5
5.5
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-0.5
0.5
4.5
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
V
CM
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING LOW
(V = +1.8V, R TIED TO V )
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING HIGH
(V = +1.8V, R TIED TO V )
COMMON-MODE REJECTION
vs. TEMPERATURE
CC
L
EE
CC
L
EE
100
90
100
90
-80
-85
R = 100kΩ
L
R = 100kΩ
L
80
80
R = 10kΩ
L
R = 10kΩ
L
70
60
70
60
V
= +1.8V
= +5.5V
CC
-90
V
CC
50
40
30
50
40
30
-95
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
100
200
300
400
500
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
∆V (mV)
∆V (mV)
OUT
OUT
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING HIGH
(V = +5.5V, R TIED TO V )
OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs. OUTPUT SWING LOW
(V = +5.5V, R TIED TO V )
OPEN-LOOP GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
CC
L
EE
CC
L
EE
110
100
90
110
105
100
95
110
100
R = 100kΩ
L
R = 100kΩ
L
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ TO V
L EE
90
80
R = 20kΩ
L
R = 20kΩ
L
80
90
V
CC
= +5.5V, R = 20kΩ TO V
L
CC
70
60
70
60
85
V
CC
= +1.8V, R = 10kΩ TO V
EE
L
80
50
40
50
40
75
V
CC
= +1.8V, R = 10kΩ TO V
L CC
70
0
100
200
300
400
40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
100
200
∆V (mV)
300
400
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
∆V (mV)
OUT
OUT
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
____________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, V
= V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC L CC A
CC
EE
CM
CC
SHDN
OPEN-LOOP GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
(C = 100pF)
L
(C = 0pF)
L
MAX4240/44-16
MAX4240/44-17
110
105
100
95
60
180
60
180
A = +1000V/V
V
A = +1000V/V
V
50
40
30
20
144
108
50
40
144
108
V
CC
= +5.5V, R TO V
L
EE
72
36
30
20
72
36
V
CC
= +5.5V, R TO V
L CC
90
10
0
0
10
0
0
V
= +1.8V, R TO V
L EE
CC
-36
-72
-108
-144
-36
-72
-108
-144
85
V
= +1.8V, R TO V
CC
L
CC
-10
-20
-30
-10
-20
-30
-40
80
75
70
-40
-180
-180
40
-60 -40 -20
0
20
60 80 100
10
100
1k
10k
100k
10
100
1k
10k
100k
0–MAX24
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
LOAD RESISTOR vs.
CAPACITIVE LOAD
MAX4242/MAX4243/MAX4244
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY
1000
100
10
-60
-70
1
10%
OVERSHOOT
R = 10kΩ
L
REGION OF
MARGINAL STABILITY
-80
0.1
-90
REGION OF
-100
-110
STABLE OPERATION
R = 100kΩ
L
R = 10kΩ
L
0.01
0
250
500
(pF)
LOAD
750
1000
100
10
1k
10k
1
10
100
1000
C
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
(NONINVERTING)
(INVERTING)
MAX4240/44-21
MAX4240/44-22
100mV
0V
100mV
0V
IN
IN
50mV/div
OUT
50mV/div
OUT
100mV
0V
100mV
0V
10µs/div
10µs/div
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
____________________________________Typ ic a l Op e ra t in g Ch a ra c t e ris t ic s (c o n t in u e d )
(V = +5.0V, V = 0, V = V / 2, V
= V , R = 100kΩ to V / 2, T = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CC L CC A
CC
EE
CM
CC
SHDN
LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE
(INVERTING)
(NONINVERTING)
MAX4240/44-24
MAX4240/44-23
4.5V
+2V
-2V
+2V
-2V
IN
IN
0.5V
4.5V
2V/div
OUT
2V/div
OUT
0.5V
100µs/div
100µs/div
______________________________________________________________P in De s c rip t io n
PIN
MAX4243
NAME
FUNCTION
MAX4240 MAX4241 MAX4242
MAX4244
µMAX
SO
Amplifier Output. High impedance when in
shutdown mode.
1
2
6
4
—
4
—
4
—
—
11
OUT
Negative Supply. Tie to ground for single-
supply operation.
4
V
EE
3
4
5
3
2
7
—
—
8
—
—
10
—
—
—
—
4
IN+
IN-
Noninverting Input
Inverting Input
14
V
CC
Positive Supply
5, 7,
8, 10
—
1, 5
—
—
—
N.C.
No Connection. Not internally connected.
Shutdown Input. Drive high, or tie to V for
CC
—
8
—
—
—
—
normal operation. Drive to V to place device
EE
SHDN
in shutdown mode.
OUTA,
OUTB
Outputs for Amplifiers A and B. High imped-
ance when in shutdown mode.
—
—
—
—
—
—
1, 7
2, 6
3, 5
1, 9
2, 8
3, 7
1, 13
2, 12
3, 11
1, 7
2, 6
3, 5
INA-,
INB-
Inverting Inputs to Amplifiers A and B
INA+,
INB+
Noninverting Inputs to Amplifiers A and B
Shutdown Inputs for Amplifiers A and B. Drive
high, or tie to V for normal operation. Drive
CC
to V to place device in shutdown mode.
EE
SHDNA,
SHDNB
—
—
—
5, 6
6, 9
—
OUTC,
OUTD
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
8, 14
9, 13
Outputs for Amplifiers C and D
INC-,
IND-
Inverting Inputs to Amplifiers C and D
Noninverting Inputs to Amplifiers C and D
INC+,
IND+
10, 12
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
_______________De t a ile d De s c rip t io n
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils In p u t S t a g e
The MAX4240–MAX4244 have Beyond-the-Rails™ inputs
and Rail-to-Rail output stages that are specifically
designed for low-voltage, single-supply operation. The
input stage consists of separate NPN and PNP differen-
tial stages, which operate together to provide a com-
mon-mode range extending to 200mV beyond both
supply rails. The crossover region of these two pairs
MAX4240
MAX4241
MAX4242
MAX4243
MAX4244
®
V
IN
R3
R3 = R1 R2
occurs halfway between V
and V . The input offset
CC
EE
voltage is typically 200µV. Low operating supply voltage,
low supply current, beyond-the-rails common-mode
input range, and rail-to-rail outputs make this family of
operational amplifiers an excellent choice for precision or
general-purpose, low-voltage battery-powered systems.
R1
R2
Since the input stage consists of NPN and PNP pairs,
the input bias current changes polarity as the common-
mode voltage passes through the crossover region.
Match the effective impedance seen by each input to
reduce the offset error caused by input bias currents
flowing through external source impedances (Figures
1a and 1b). The combination of high source impedance
plus input capacitance (amplifier input capacitance
plus stray capacitance) creates a parasitic pole that
produces an underdamped signal response. Reducing
input capacitance or placing a small capacitor across
the feedback resistor improves response in this case.
Figure 1a. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current
(Noninverting)
0–MAX24
MAX4240
MAX4241
MAX4242
MAX4243
MAX4244
R3
The MAX4240–MAX4244 family’s inputs are protected
from large differential input voltages by internal 2.2kΩ
series resistors and back-to-back triple-diode stacks
across the inputs (Figure 2). For differential input volt-
ages (much less than 1.8V), input resistance is typically
45MΩ. For differential input voltages greater than 1.8V,
input resistance is around 4.4kΩ, and the input bias
current can be approximated by the following equation:
R3 = R1 R2
V
IN
R1
R2
I
= (V
- 1.8V) / 4.4kΩ
BIAS
DIFF
Figure 1b. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current
(Inverting)
IN+
2.2k
IN-
2.2k
Figure 2. Input Protection Circuit
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
In the re g ion whe re the d iffe re ntia l inp ut volta g e
MAX4240-44 fig03
approaches 1.8V, the input resistance decreases expo-
nentially from 45MΩ to 4.4kΩ as the diode block begins
conducting. Conversely, the bias current increases with
the same curve.
R = 100kΩ TIED TO V
L
EE
V = 2.0V
IN
f
IN
= 1kHz
1V/div
OUT
Ra il-to-Ra il Output Sta ge
The MAX4240–MAX4244 output stage can drive up to a
10kΩ load and still swing to within 40mV of the rails.
Figure 3 shows the output voltage swing of a MAX4240
configured as a unity-gain buffer, powered from a single
+2V supply voltage. The output for this setup typically
1V/div
IN
swings from (V + 6mV) to (V
- 8mV) with a 100kΩ
EE
CC
load.
200µs/div
__________Ap p lic a t io n s In fo rm a t io n
Figure 3. Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Voltage Range
P o w e r-S u p p ly Co n s id e ra t io n s
The MAX4240–MAX4244 operate from a single +1.8V
to +5.5V supply (or dual ±0.9V to ±2.75V supplies) and
consume only 10µA of supply current per amplifier. A
high power-supply rejection ratio of 90dB allows the
amplifiers to be powered directly off a decaying battery
voltage, simplifying design and extending battery life.
100
T = +85°C
A
90
80
70
The MAX4240–MAX4244 are ideally suited for use with
most battery-powered systems. Table 1 lists a variety of
typical battery types showing voltage when fresh, volt-
age at end-of-life, capacity, and approximate operating
time from a MAX4240/MAX4241, assuming nominal
conditions for both normal and shutdown modes.
T = -40°C
A
T = +25°C
A
Although the amplifiers are fully guaranteed over tem-
perature for operation down to a +1.8V single supply,
even lower-voltage operation is possible in practice.
Figures 4 and 5 show the PSRR and supply current as
a function of supply voltage and temperature.
60
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 4. Power-Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Supply Voltage
P o w e r-Up S e t t lin g Tim e
The MAX4240–MAX4244 typ ic a lly re q uire 200µs to
12
10
8
power up after V
is stable. During this start-up time,
CC
the output is ind e te rmina nt. The a p p lic a tion c irc uit
should allow for this initial delay.
S h u t d o w n Mo d e
The MAX4241 (single) and MAX4243 (dual) feature a
low-power shutdown mode. When the shutdown pin
(SHDN) is pulled low, the supply current drops to 1µA
per amplifier, the amplifier is disabled, and the outputs
enter a high-impedance state. Pulling SHDN high or
leaving it floating enables the amplifier. Take care to
ensure that parasitic leakage current at the SHDN pin
does not inadvertently place the part into shutdown
mode when SHDN is left floating. Figure 6 shows the
output voltage response to a shutdown pulse. The logic
T = +85°C
A
6
4
2
T = -40°C
A
T = +25°C
A
0
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
threshold for SHDN is always referred to V / 2 (not to
CC
Figure 5. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
Table 1. MAX4240/MAX4241 Characteristics with Typical Battery Systems
MAX4240/MAX4241
CAPACITY,
AA SIZE
(mA-h)
MAX4241
V
V
OPERATING TIME
IN NORMAL MODE
(Hours)
OPERATING TIME
IN SHUTDOWN
MODE (Hours)
FRESH
(V)
END-OF-LIFE
(V)
BATTERY TYPE
RECHARGEABLE
Alkaline (2 Cells)
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
3.0
2.4
3.5
2.4
1.8
1.8
2.7
1.8
2000
750
200,000
75,000
2 x 106
0.75 x 106
106
Nickel-
Cadmium (2 Cells)
Lithium-Ion (1 Cell)
1000
1000
100,000
100,000
Nickel-Metal-
Hydride (2 Cells)
106
MAX4240-44 fig06
1200
V = 2V
IN
V
= 5.5V, V = 200mV
OH
CC
R = 100kΩ TIED TO V
L
EE
1000
800
600
400
200
0–MAX24
SHDN
OUT
V
V
OH
= 1.8V,
= 200mV
CC
5V/div
1V/div
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 100mV
OH
V
V
OH
= 1.8V,
= 100mV
CC
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 50mV
OH
V
CC
= 1.8V, V = 50mV
OH
0
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100
200µs/div
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 6. Shutdown Enable/Disable Output Voltage
Figure 7a. Output Source Current vs. Temperature
GND). When using dual supplies, pull SHDN to V to
EE
3000
enter shutdown mode.
V
= 5.5V, V = 200mV
OL
CC
Lo a d -Drivin g Ca p a b ilit y
The MAX4240–MAX4244 are fully guaranteed over tem-
perature and supply voltage to drive a maximum resis-
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
V
= 1.8V, V = 200mV
OL
CC
tive load of 10kΩ to V / 2, although heavier loads can
CC
V
= 5.5V,
= 100mV
CC
be driven in many applications. The rail-to-rail output
stage of the amplifier can be modeled as a current
V
OL
source when driving the load toward V , and as a cur-
CC
rent sink when driving the load toward V . The magni-
EE
V
CC
= 1.8V, V = 100mV
OL
tud e of this c urre nt s ourc e /s ink va rie s with s up p ly
voltage, ambient temperature, and lot-to-lot variations
of the units.
V
CC
= 5.5V, V = 50mV
OL
V
CC
= 1.8V, V = 50mV
OL
0
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100
Figures 7a and 7b show the typical current source and
sink capability of the MAX4240–MAX4244 family as a
function of supply voltage and ambient temperature.
The contours on the graph depict the output current
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7b. Output Sink Current vs. Temperature
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
value, based on driving the output voltage to within
50mV, 100mV, and 200mV of either power-supply rail.
and V supplies should be bypassed to ground with
EE
separate 100nF capacitors.
For example, a MAX4241 running from a single +1.8V
Good PC board layout techniques optimize perfor-
mance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance
at the op amp’s inputs and output. To decrease stray
capacitance, minimize trace lengths by placing exter-
nal components as close as possible to the op amp.
Surface-mount components are an excellent choice.
supply, operating at T = +25°C, can source 240µA to
A
within 100mV of V
and is capable of driving a 7kΩ
CC
load resistor to V
:
EE
1.8V - 0.1V
RL
=
= 7kΩ to V
EE
240µA
The same application can drive a 3.3kΩ load resistor
when terminated in V / 2 (+0.9V in this case).
CC
Drivin g Ca p a c it ive Lo a d s
The MAX4240–MAX4244 are unity-gain stable for loads
up to 200pF (see Load Resistor vs. Capacitive Load
graph in Typical Operating Characteristics). Applica-
tions that require greater capacitive drive capability
should use an isolation resistor between the output and
the capacitive load (Figure 8). Note that this alternative
R
ISO
R
C
L
L
MAX4240
MAX4241
MAX4242
MAX4243
MAX4244
results in a loss of gain accuracy because R
voltage divider with the load resistor.
forms a
ISO
P o w e r-S u p p ly Byp a s s in g a n d La yo u t
The MAX4240–MAX4244 family operates from either a
single +1.8V to +5.5V supply or dual ±0.9V to ±2.75V
s up p lie s . For s ing le -s up p ly op e ra tion, b yp a s s the
R
R + R
L
L
A =
≈ 1
V
ISO
power supply with a 100nF capacitor to V (in this
EE
case GND). For dual-supply operation, both the V
CC
Figure 8a Using a Resistor to Isolate a Capacitive Load from
the Op Amp
MAX4240-44 fig08c
MAX4240-44 fig08b
50mV/div
50mV/div
IN
50mV/div
50mV/div
IN
OUT
OUT
100µs/div
100µs/div
R
ISO
= 1kΩ, R = 100kΩ, C = 700pF
R
ISO
= NONE, R = 100kΩ, C = 700pF
L
L
L
L
Figure 8c. Pulse Response with Isolating Resistor
Figure 8b. Pulse Response without Isolating Resistor
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
Us in g t h e MAX4 2 4 0 –MAX4 2 4 4
a s Co m p a ra t o rs
Us in g t h e MAX4 2 4 0 –MAX4 2 4 4
a s Ult ra -Lo w -P o w e r Cu rre n t Mo n it o rs
The MAX4240–MAX4244 a re id e a l for a p p lic a tions
powered from a 2-cell battery stack. Figure 11 shows
an application circuit in which the MAX4240 is used for
monitoring the current of a 2-cell battery stack. In this
circuit, a current load is applied, and the voltage drop
at the battery terminal is sensed.
Although optimized for use as operational amplifiers,
the MAX4240–MAX4244 can also be used as rail-to-rail
I/O comparators. Typical propagation delay depends
on the input overdrive voltage, as shown in Figure 9.
External hysteresis can be used to minimize the risk of
output oscillation. The positive feedback circuit, shown
in Figure 10, causes the input threshold to change
when the output voltage changes state. The two thresh-
olds create a hysteresis band that can be calculated by
the following equations:
The voltage on the load side of the battery stack is
equal to the voltage at the emitter of Q1, due to the
feedback loop containing the op amp. As the load cur-
rent increases, the voltage drop across R1 and R2
increases. Thus, R2 provides a fraction of the load cur-
rent (set by the ratio of R1 and R2) that flows into the
emitter of the PNP transistor. Neglecting PNP base cur-
rent, this current flows into R3, producing a ground-ref-
erenced voltage proportional to the load current. Scale
R1 to give a voltage drop large enough in comparison
V
= V - V
HI LO
HYST
V
LO
= V x R2 / (R1 + (R1 x R2 / R ) + R2)
HYST
IN
V
HI
= [(R2 / R1 x V ) + (R2 / R
) x V ] /
HYST CC
IN
(1 + R1 / R2 + R2 / R
)
HYST
The MAX4240–MAX4244 contain special circuitry to
boost internal drive currents to the amplifier output
stage. This maximizes the output voltage range over
which the amplifiers are linear. In an open-loop com-
parator application, the excursion of the output voltage
is so close to the supply rails that the output stage tran-
sistors will saturate, causing the quiescent current to
increase from the normal 10µA. Typical quiescent cur-
to V of the op amp, in order to minimize errors.
OS
0–MAX24
The output voltage of the application can be calculated
using the following equation:
V
OUT
= [I
x (R1 / R2)] x R3
LOAD
For a 1V output and a current load of 50mA, the choice
of resistors can be R1 = 2Ω, R2 = 100kΩ, R3 = 1MΩ.
The circuit consumes less power (but is more suscepti-
ble to noise) with higher values of R1, R2, and R3.
rents increase to 35µA for the output saturating at V
CC
and 28µA for the output at V
.
EE
HYSTERESIS
V
HI
INPUT
V
OH
10,000
1000
100
V
LO
V
OH
t
+; V = +5V
PD CC
OUTPUT
V
OL
t
-; V = +5V
PD CC
V
IN
R
HYST
R1
R2
V
CC
t
+; V = +1.8V
PD CC
V
OUT
t
-; V = +1.8V
PD CC
10
MAX4240
MAX4241
MAX4242
MAX4243
MAX4244
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
(mV)
V
EE
V
OD
V
EE
Figure 9. Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive
Figure 10. Hysteresis Comparator Circuit
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
0–MAX24
___________________Ch ip In fo rm a t io n
I
LOAD
MAX4240/MAX4241
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 234
MAX4242/MAX4243
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 466
MAX4244
R1
V
CC
R2
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 932
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO V
EE
Q1
V
OUT
R3
MAX4240
V
EE
Figure 11. Current Monitor for a 2-Cell Battery Stack
_____________________________________________P in Co n fig u ra t io n s (c o n t in u e d )
TOP VIEW
OUTA
INA-
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
V
OUTA
INA-
1
2
3
4
5
10
9
V
CC
N.C.
IN-
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
SHDN
CC
OUTB
INB-
OUTB
INB-
V
CC
MAX4243
MAX4242
MAX4241
INA+
8
INA+
IN+
OUT
N.C.
V
EE
7
INB+
V
EE
INB+
V
EE
SHDNA
6
SHDNB
µMAX
SO/µMAX
SO/µMAX
OUTA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14
V
OUTA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14 OUTD
13 IND-
12 IND+
CC
INA-
13 OUTB
12 INB-
11 INB+
10 N.C.
INA-
INA+
INA+
V
EE
V
CC
11
V
EE
MAX4243
MAX4244
N.C.
SHDNA
N.C.
INB+
INB-
10 INC+
9
8
SHDNB
N.C.
9
8
INC-
OUTB
OUTC
SO
SO
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
S in g le /Du a l/Qu a d , +1 .8 V/1 0 µA, S OT2 3 ,
Be yo n d -t h e -Ra ils Op Am p s
__________________________________________________Ta p e -a n d -Re e l In fo rm a t io n
E
W
B
D
0
P
P
2
0
t
D
1
F
P
NOTE: DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM.
K
0
A
0
AND FOLLOW EIA481-1 STANDARD.
±0.102
±0.102
P
3.988
40.005
2.007
±0.102
±0.203
±0.051
±0.127
A
B
3.200
3.099
E
1.753
3.505
1.397
3.988
±0.102
0
0
P 10
F
K
P
±0.051
±0.102
±0.102
X
0
0
+0.102
+0.000
P
2
0
D
D
1.499
0.991
t
0.254
+0.254
+0.000
1
+0.305
-0.102
W
8.001
________________________________________________________P a c k a g e In fo rm a t io n
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Ma x im In t e g ra t e d P ro d u c t s , 1 2 0 S a n Ga b rie l Drive , S u n n yva le , CA 9 4 0 8 6 4 0 8 -7 3 7 -7 6 0 0
© 1998 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
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