MIC23150-4YMT [MICREL]

4MHz PWM 2A Buck Regulator with HyperLight Load; 4MHz的PWM 2A降压稳压器与负载的HyperLight


型号：	MIC23150-4YMT
厂家：	MICREL SEMICONDUCTOR
描述：	4MHz PWM 2A Buck Regulator with HyperLight Load 4MHz的PWM 2A降压稳压器与负载的HyperLight 稳压器开关光电二极管
文件：	总15页 (文件大小：878K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

MIC23150

4MHz PWM 2A Buck Regulator with

HyperLight Load™

General Description

Features

• Input voltage: 2.7V to 5.5V

• 2A output current

• Up to 93% peak efficiency

• 87% typical efficiency at 1mA

• 23µA typical quiescent current

• 4MHz PWM operation in continuous mode

• Ultra fast transient response

HyperLight Load™

The MIC23150 is a high efficiency 4MHz 2A synchronous

buck regulator with HyperLight Load™ mode. HyperLight

Load™ provides very high efficiency at light loads and

ultra-fast transient response which is perfectly suited for

supplying processor core voltages. An additional benefit

of this proprietary architecture is very low output ripple

voltage throughout the entire load range with the use of

small output capacitors. The tiny 2mm x 2mm Thin MLF^®

package saves precious board space and requires only

three external components.

• Low ripple output voltage

− 14mVpp ripple in HyperLight Load^™mode

− 5mV output voltage ripple in full PWM mode

• Fully integrated MOSFET switches

The MIC23150 is designed for use with a very small

inductor, down to 0.47µH, and an output capacitor as small

as 2.2 µF that enables a total solution size, less than 1mm

height.

• 0.01µA shutdown current

• Thermal shutdown and current limit protection

• Output Voltage as low as 0.95V

The MIC23150 has a very low quiescent current of 23µA

and achieves a peak efficiency of 93% in continuous

conduction mode. In discontinuous conduction mode, the

MIC23150 can achieve 87% efficiency at 1mA.

• 8-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin MLF^®

• –40°C to +125°C junction temperature range

Applications

• Mobile handsets

The MIC23150 is available in 8-pin 2mm x 2mm Thin

MLF^®package with an operating junction temperature

range from –40°C to +125°C.

Datasheets and support documentation can be found on

Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com.

• Portable media/MP3 players

• Portable navigation devices (GPS)

• WiFi/WiMax/WiBro modules

• Solid State Drives/Memory

• Wireless LAN cards

• Portable applications

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Application

U1 MIC23150

Efficiency

= 1.8V

OUT

100

VIN

VOUT

= 3.0V

= 3.6V

= 2.7V

VIN

2mm×2mm

ThinMLF

SNS

AGND

PGND

L = 1.0µH

= 4.7µF

GND

OUT

100

GND

1000 10000

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

HyperLight Load is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.

MLF and MicroLeadFrame are registered trademark Amkor Technology Inc.

Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com

M9999-102309-B

October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Ordering Information

Part Number

Marking

Code

Nominal Output Junction

Voltage Temp. Range

Package

8-Pin 2mm x 2mm Thin MLF^®

Lead Finish

MIC23150-CYMT

MIC23150-4YMT

MIC23150-55YMT

-40°C to +125°C

–40°C to +125°C

QKC

1.0V

Pb-Free

QK4

QKZ

QKG

QKS

1.2V

1.35V

1.8V

MIC23150-GYMT

MIC23150-SYMT

3.3V

Notes:

1. Other options available (0.95V - 3.6V). Contact Micrel Marketing for details.

2. Thin MLF^®is GREEN RoHS compliant package. Lead finish is NiPdAu. Mold compound is Halogen Free.

3. Thin MLF^®▲ = Pin 1 identifier.

Pin Configuration

PGND

VIN

SNS

AGND

(Top View)

2mm x 2mm Thin MLF (MT)

Pin Description

Pin Number

Pin Name

Pin Function

1,2

Switch (Output): Internal power MOSFET output switches.

Enable (Input): Logic high enables operation of the regulator. Logic low

will shut down the device. Do not leave floating.

SNS

Sense: Connect to V_OUTas close to output capacitor as possible to sense

output voltage.

AGND

Analog Ground: Connect to central ground point where all high current

paths meet (C_IN, C_OUT, PGND) for best operation.

6,7

VIN

Input Voltage: Connect a capacitor-to-ground to decouple the noise.

Power Ground.

PGND

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Absolute Maximum Ratings⁽¹⁾

Operating Ratings⁽²⁾

Supply Voltage (V_IN)... …………………………..2.7V to 5.5V

Enable Input Voltage (V_EN) .. ……………………….0V to V_IN

Junction Temperature Range (T_J)... ….-40°C ≤ T_J≤ +125°C

Thermal Resistance

Supply Voltage (V_IN). ……………………………………….6V

Sense (V_SNS).. ..................................................................6V

Output Switch Voltage (V_SW)............................................6V

Enable Input Voltage (V_EN).. ..............................-0.3V to V_IN

Storage Temperature Range .. ……………-65°C to +150°C

ESD Rating⁽³⁾..................................................................2kV

2mm x 2mm Thin MLF-8 (θ_JA) ...........................90°C/W

Electrical Characteristics⁽⁴⁾

T_A= 25°C; V_IN= V_EN= 3.6V; L = 1.0µH; C_OUT= 4.7µF unless otherwise specified.

Bold values indicate –40°C ≤ T_J≤ +125°C, unless noted.

Parameter

Condition

Min

2.7

Typ

Max

5.5

Units

Supply Voltage Range

Under-Voltage Lockout Threshold

Under-Voltage Lockout Hysteresis

Quiescent Current

(turn-on)

2.45

2.55

2.65

µA

I_OUT= 0mA , SNS > 1.2 * V_OUTNominal

Shutdown Current

V_EN= 0V; V_IN= 5.5V

0.01

V_IN= 3.6V if V_OUTNOM< 2.5V, I_LOAD= 20mA

V_IN= 4.5V if V_OUTNOM≥ 2.5V, I_LOAD= 20mA

SNS = 0.9*V_OUTNOM

Output Voltage Accuracy

-2.5

2.2

+2.5

Current Limit

3.4

0.3

V_IN= 3.6V to 5.5V if V_OUTNOM< 2.5V, I_LOAD= 20mA

V_IN= 4.5V to 5.5V if V_OUTNOM≥ 2.5V, I_LOAD= 20mA

20mA < I_LOAD< 500mA, V_IN= 3.6V if V_OUTNOM< 2.5V

20mA < I_LOAD< 500mA, V_IN= 5.0V if V_OUTNOM≥ 2.5V

Output Voltage Line Regulation

%/V

Output Voltage Load Regulation

PWM Switch ON-Resistance

0.75

%/A

I_SW= 100mA PMOS

I_SW= -100mA NMOS

I_OUT= 120mA

0.150

0.110

Switching Frequency

SoftStart Time

MHz

µs

V_OUT= 90%

Turn-On

115

0.8

0.1

160

Enable Threshold

0.5

1.2

Enable Input Current

Over-temperature Shutdown

µA

°C

Over-temperature Shutdown

Hysteresis

Notes:

1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.

2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.

3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF.

4. Specification for packaged product only.

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Typical Characteristics

Efficiency

V_OUT= 1.8V

Efficiency

V_OUT= 3.3V

Efficiency with

Various Inductors

100

V_IN= 3.0V V_IN= 3.6V

V_IN= 2.7V

V_IN= 4.2V

L = 1.0µH

L = 0.68µH

L = 1.5µH

L = 2.2µH

V_IN= 5.0V

V_IN= 4.2V

V_IN= 5.5V

V_IN= 3.6V

V_IN= 5.0V

V_OUT= 1.8V

C_OUT= 4.7µF

L = 1.0µH

C_OUT= 4.7µF

L = 1.0µH

C_OUT= 4.7µF

0.1

100 1000 10000

0.1

100 1000 10000

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Quiescent Current

vs. Input Voltage

Output Voltage

vs. Input Voltage

Current Limit

vs. Input Voltage

4.0

1.95

1.9

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.2

2.0

125°C

-40°C

25°C

1.85

1.8

Load = 600mA

Load = 200mA

1.75

1.7

Load = 1000mA Load = 1500mA

Not Switching

L = open

V_OUT= 1.2V × V_NOM

L = 1.0µH

C_OUT= 4.7µF

1.65

1.6

2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.7

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.7

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.7

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Output Voltage

vs. Input Voltage

Switching Frequency

vs Output Current

Output Voltage

vs Output Current

1.9

1.88

1.86

1.84

1.82

1.8

1.95

V_IN= 5.5V

V_IN= 4.2V

V_IN= 3.0V

V_IN= 3.6V

V_IN= 4.2V

1.9

1.85

1.8

0.1

V_IN= 3.6V

Load = 10mA

Load = 100mA

Load = 1mA

V_IN= 2.7V

L = 1.0µH

1.78

1.76

1.74

1.72

1.7

1.75

1.7

L = 1.0µH

V_OUT= 1.8V

0.01

V_OUT= 1.8V

1.65

1.6

C_OUT= 4.7µF

0.001

0.1

100 1000 10000

2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.7

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

100

1000 10000

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Switching Frequency

vs. Temperature

Output Voltage

vs. Temperature

Enable Thresold

vs. Temperature

4.5

1.85

1.84

1.83

1.82

1.81

1.80

1.79

1.78

1.77

1.76

1.75

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

VIN = 2.7V

ENABLE ON

4.4

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

VIN = 3.6V

VIN = 5.5V

ENABLE OFF

V_IN= 3.6V

L =1.0µH

C_OUT= 4.7µF

L =1.0µH

C_OUT= 4.7µF

L = 1.0µH

_OUT= 4.7µF

LOAD = 120mA

TEMPERATURE (°C)

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Functional Characteristics

M9999-102309-B

October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Functional Characteristics (cont.)

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October 2009

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MIC23150

Functional Characteristics (cont.)

M9999-102309-B

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MIC23150

Functional Diagram

VIN

CONTROL

LOGIC

UVLO

Timer &

Softstart

Gate

Drive

Reference

Current

Limit

ISENSE

ERROR

COMPARATOR

ZERO 1

PGND

SNS

AGND

Figure 1. Simplified MIC23150 Functional Block Diagram

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Functional Description

SNS

VIN

The sense (SNS) pin is connected to the output of the

device to provide feedback to the control circuitry. The

SNS connection should be placed close to the output

capacitor. Refer to the layout recommendations for more

details.

The input supply (VIN) provides power to the internal

MOSFETs for the switch mode regulator along with the

internal control circuitry. The VIN operating range is 2.7V

to 5.5V so an input capacitor, with a minimum voltage

rating of 6.3V, is recommended. Due to the high

switching speed, a minimum 2.2µF bypass capacitor

placed close to VIN and the power ground (PGND) pin is

required. Refer to the layout recommendations for

details.

AGND

The analog ground (AGND) is the ground path for the

biasing and control circuitry. The current loop for the

signal ground should be separate from the power ground

(PGND) loop. Refer to the layout recommendations for

more details.

A logic high signal on the enable pin activates the output

voltage of the device. A logic low signal on the enable

pin deactivates the output and reduces supply current to

0.01µA. MIC23150 features built-in soft-start circuitry

that reduces in-rush current and prevents the output

voltage from overshooting at start up. Do not leave the

EN pin floating.

PGND

The power ground pin is the ground path for the high

current in PWM mode. The current loop for the power

ground should be as small as possible and separate

from the analog ground (AGND) loop as applicable.

Refer to the layout recommendations for more details.

The switch (SW) connects directly to one end of the

inductor and provides the current path during switching

cycles. The other end of the inductor is connected to the

load, SNS pin and output capacitor. Due to the high

speed switching on this pin, the switch node should be

routed away from sensitive nodes whenever possible.

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

in inductance. Ensure the inductor selected can handle

the maximum operating current. When saturation current

is specified, make sure that there is enough margin so

that the peak current does not cause the inductor to

saturate. Peak current can be calculated as follows:

Application Information

The MIC23150 is a high performance DC-to-DC step

down regulator offering a small solution size. Supporting

an output current up to 2A inside a tiny 2mm x 2mm Thin

MLF^®package, the IC requires only three external

components while meeting today’s miniature portable

electronic device needs. Using the HyperLight Load™

switching scheme, the MIC23150 is able to maintain

high efficiency throughout the entire load range while

providing ultra-fast load transient response. The

following sections provide additional device application

information.

⎡

⎤

⎥

⎦

1 −V_OUT/V_IN

2 ×f ×L

⎛

⎜

⎞

⎟

I_PEAK= I

⎢ ^OUT

+V_OUT

⎝

⎠

⎣

As shown by the calculation above, the peak inductor

current is inversely proportional to the switching

frequency and the inductance; the lower the switching

frequency or the inductance the higher the peak current.

As input voltage increases, the peak current also

increases.

Input Capacitor

A 2.2µF ceramic capacitor or greater should be placed

close to the VIN pin and PGND pin for bypassing. A TDK

C1608X5R0J475K, size 0603, 4.7µF ceramic capacitor

is recommended based upon performance, size and

cost. A X5R or X7R temperature rating is recommended

for the input capacitor. Y5V temperature rating

capacitors, aside from losing most of their capacitance

over temperature, can also become resistive at high

frequencies. This reduces their ability to filter out high

frequency noise.

The size of the inductor depends on the requirements of

the application. Refer to the Typical Application Circuit

and Bill of Materials for details.

DC resistance (DCR) is also important. While DCR is

inversely proportional to size, DCR can represent a

significant efficiency loss. Refer to the Efficiency

Considerations.

Compensation

The MIC23150 is designed to be stable with a 0.47µH to

2.2µH inductor with a minimum of 2.2µF ceramic (X5R)

output capacitor.

Output Capacitor

The MIC23150 is designed for use with a 2.2µF or

greater ceramic output capacitor. Increasing the output

capacitance will lower output ripple and improve load

transient response but could also increase solution size

or cost. A low equivalent series resistance (ESR)

ceramic output capacitor such as the TDK

C1608X5R0J475K, size 0603, 4.7µF ceramic capacitor

is recommended based upon performance, size and

cost. Both the X7R or X5R temperature rating capacitors

are recommended. The Y5V and Z5U temperature rating

capacitors are not recommended due to their wide

variation in capacitance over temperature and increased

resistance at high frequencies.

Duty Cycle

The typical maximum duty cycle of the MIC23150 is

80%.

Efficiency Considerations

Efficiency is defined as the amount of useful output

power, divided by the amount of power supplied.

⎛

⎜

⎝

⎞

⎟

⎠

V_OUT× I_OUT

V_IN× I_IN

Efficiency % =

×100

Maintaining high efficiency serves two purposes. It

reduces power dissipation in the power supply, reducing

the need for heat sinks and thermal design

considerations and it reduces consumption of current for

battery-powered applications. Reduced current draw

from a battery increases the devices operating time and

is critical in hand held devices.

Inductor Selection

When selecting an inductor, it is important to consider

the following factors (not necessarily in the order of

importance):

•

Inductance

There are two types of losses in switching converters;

DC losses and switching losses. DC losses are simply

the power dissipation of I²R. Power is dissipated in the

high side switch during the on cycle. Power loss is equal

to the high side MOSFET R_DSONmultiplied by the Switch

Current squared. During the off cycle, the low side N-

channel MOSFET conducts, also dissipating power.

Device operating current also reduces efficiency. The

product of the quiescent (operating) current and the

supply voltage represents another DC loss. The current

required driving the gates on and off at a constant 4MHz

frequency and the switching transitions make up the

switching losses.

Rated current value

Size requirements

DC resistance (DCR)

The MIC23150 is designed for use with a 0.47µH to

2.2µH inductor. For faster transient response, a 0.47µH

inductor will yield the best result. For lower output ripple,

a 2.2µH inductor is recommended.

Maximum current ratings of the inductor are generally

given in two methods; permissible DC current and

saturation current. Permissible DC current can be rated

either for a 40°C temperature rise or a 10% to 20% loss

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Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

the error comparator turns the PMOS off for a minimum-

off-time until the output drops below the threshold. The

NMOS acts as an ideal rectifier that conducts when the

PMOS is off. Using a NMOS switch instead of a diode

allows for lower voltage drop across the switching device

when it is on. The asynchronous switching combination

between the PMOS and the NMOS allows the control

loop to work in discontinuous mode for light load

operations. In discontinuous mode, the MIC23150 works

in pulse frequency modulation (PFM) to regulate the

output. As the output current increases, the off-time

decreases, thus provides more energy to the output.

This switching scheme improves the efficiency of

MIC23150 during light load currents by only switching

when it is needed. As the load current increases, the

MIC23150 goes into continuous conduction mode (CCM)

and switches at a frequency centered at 4MHz. The

equation to calculate the load when the MIC23150 goes

into continuous conduction mode may be approximated

by the following formula:

Efficiency

_OUT= 1.8V

100

V_IN= 3.0V V_IN= 3.6V

V_IN= 2.7V

V_IN= 4.2V

V_IN= 5.0V

V_IN= 5.5V

L = 1.0µH

_OUT= 4.7µF

0.1

100 1000 10000

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Figure 2. Efficiency Under Load

The figure above shows an efficiency curve. From no

load to 100mA, efficiency losses are dominated by

quiescent current losses, gate drive and transition

losses. By using the HyperLight Load™ mode, the

MIC23150 is able to maintain high efficiency at low

output currents.

(V −V_OUT)× D

⎛

⎞

I_LOAD> ⎜

⎟

⎜

2L× f

⎝

⎠

Over 100mA, efficiency loss is dominated by MOSFET

R_DSONand inductor losses. Higher input supply voltages

will increase the Gate-to-Source threshold on the

As shown in the previous equation, the load at which

MIC23150 transitions from HyperLight Load™ mode to

PWM mode is a function of the input voltage (V_IN), output

voltage (V_OUT), duty cycle (D), inductance (L) and

frequency (f). As shown in Figure 3, as the Output

Current increases, the switching frequency also

increases until the MIC23150 goes from HyperLight

Load^TMmode to PWM mode at approximately 120mA.

The MIC23150 will switch at a relatively constant

frequency around 4MHz once the output current is over

120mA.

internal MOSFETs, thereby reducing the internal R_DSON

This improves efficiency by reducing DC losses in the

device. All but the inductor losses are inherent to the

device. In which case, inductor selection becomes

increasingly critical in efficiency calculations. As the

inductors are reduced in size, the DC resistance (DCR)

can become quite significant. The DCR losses can be

calculated as follows:

_DCR= I_OUT²x DCR

From that, the loss in efficiency due to inductor

resistance can be calculated as follows:

SW Frequency

vs Output Current

⎡

⎤

⎥

⎛

⎜

⎝

⎞

⎟

⎠

V_OUT×I_OUT

V_OUT×I_OUT+ P_DCR

V_IN= 3.0V

Efficiency Loss = 1 −

×100

⎢

V_IN= 3.6V

V_IN= 4.2V

⎢

⎣

⎥

⎦

Efficiency loss due to DCR is minimal at light loads and

gains significance as the load is increased. Inductor

selection becomes a trade-off between efficiency and

size in this case.

0.1

L = 4.7µH

0.01

V_OUT= 1.8V

_OUT= 4.7µF

HyperLight Load™ Mode

0.001

100

1000 10000

MIC23150 uses a minimum on and off time proprietary

control loop (patented by Micrel). When the output

voltage falls below the regulation threshold, the error

comparator begins a switching cycle that turns the

PMOS on and keeps it on for the duration of the

minimum-on-time. This increases the output voltage. If

the output voltage is over the regulation threshold, then

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Figure 3. SW Frequency vs. Output Current

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

MIC23150 Typical Application Circuit

U1 MIC23150

VIN

VOUT

VIN

2mm×2mm

ThinMLF

SNS

AGND

PGND

GND

Bill of Materials

Item

Part Number

Manufacturer Description

Qty.

C1, C2 C1608X5R0J475K

TDK⁽¹⁾

4.7µF Ceramic Capacitor, 6.3V, X5R, Size 0603

1µH, 1.9A, 60mꢀ, L3.0mm x W3.0mm x H1.0mm

1µH, 2.8A, 50mꢀ, L4.0mm x W4.0mm x H1.2mm

1µH, 1.8A, 162mꢀ, L2.0mm x W2.0mm x H1.0mm

4MHz 2A Buck Regulator with HyperLight Load™ Mode

VLS3010T-1R0N1R9

VLS4012T-1R0N1R6

DO2010-102ML

Coilcraft⁽²⁾

Micrel, Inc.⁽³⁾

MIC23150-xYMT

Notes:

1. TDK: www.tdk.com

2. Coilcraft: www.coilcraft.com

3. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

PCB Layout Recommendations

Thin MILF Top Layer

Thin MLF Bottom Layer

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October 2009

Micrel Inc.

MIC23150

Package Information

8-Pin 2mm x 2mm Thin MLF

MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA

TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com

The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its

use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.

Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product

can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant

into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A

Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully

indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.

M9999-102309-B

October 2009

MIC23150-4YMT [MICREL]

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