MIC4451_05 [MICREL]

12A-Peak Low-Side MOSFET Driver; 12A峰值低侧MOSFET驱动器
MIC4451_05
型号: MIC4451_05
厂家: MICREL SEMICONDUCTOR    MICREL SEMICONDUCTOR
描述:

12A-Peak Low-Side MOSFET Driver
12A峰值低侧MOSFET驱动器

驱动器
文件: 总12页 (文件大小:199K)
中文:  中文翻译
下载:  下载PDF数据表文档文件
MIC4451/4452  
12A-Peak Low-Side MOSFET Driver  
Bipolar/CMOS/DMOS Process  
General Description  
Features  
• BiCMOS/DMOS Construction  
• Latch-Up Proof: Fully Isolated Process is Inherently  
Immune to Any Latch-up.  
MIC4451 and MIC4452 CMOS MOSFET drivers are tough,  
efficient, and easy to use. The MIC4451 is an inverting driver,  
while the MIC4452 is a non-inverting driver.  
• Input Will Withstand Negative Swing of Up to 5V  
• Matched Rise and Fall Times ............................... 25ns  
• High Peak Output Current .............................12A Peak  
• Wide Operating Range.............................. 4.5V to 18V  
• High Capacitive Load Drive...........................62,000pF  
• Low Delay Time.............................................30ns Typ.  
• Logic High Input for Any Voltage from 2.4V to VS  
• Low Supply Current.............. 450µA With Logic 1 Input  
• Low Output Impedance .........................................1.0Ω  
• Output Voltage Swing to Within 25mV of GND or VS  
• Low Equivalent Input Capacitance (typ).................7pF  
Both versions are capable of 12A(peak) output and can drive  
the largest MOSFETs with an improved safe operating mar-  
gin. The MIC4451/4452 accepts any logic input from 2.4V to  
VS without external speed-up capacitors or resistor networks.  
Proprietary circuits allow the input to swing negative by as  
much as 5V without damaging the part. Additional circuits  
protect against damage from electrostatic discharge.  
MIC4451/4452 drivers can replace three or more discrete  
components, reducing PCB area requirements, simplifying  
product design, and reducing assembly cost.  
Applications  
• Switch Mode Power Supplies  
• Motor Controls  
• Pulse Transformer Driver  
• Class-D Switching Amplifiers  
• Line Drivers  
• Driving MOSFET or IGBT Parallel Chip Modules  
• Local Power ON/OFF Switch  
• Pulse Generators  
Modern Bipolar/CMOS/DMOS construction guarantees  
freedom from latch-up. The rail-to-rail swing capability of  
CMOS/DMOS insures adequate gate voltage to the MOS-  
FET during power up/down sequencing. Since these devices  
are fabricated on a self-aligned process, they have very low  
crossover current, run cool, use little power, and are easy  
to drive.  
Functional Diagram  
VS  
MIC4451  
INVERTING  
0.3mA  
0.1mA  
OUT  
IN  
2kΩ  
MIC4452  
NONINVERTING  
GND  
Micrel, Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com  
July 2005  
1
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Ordering Information  
Part Number  
Temperature  
Range  
Package  
Configuration  
Standard  
Pb-Free  
MIC4451BN  
MIC4451BM  
MIC4451CT  
MIC4452BN  
MIC4452BM  
MIC4452CT  
MIC4451YN  
MIC4451YM  
MIC4451ZT  
MIC4452YN  
MIC4452YM  
MIC4452ZT  
–40ºC to +85ºC  
–40ºC to +85ºC  
0ºC to +70ºC  
8-pin Plastic DIP  
8-pin SOIC  
Inverting  
Inverting  
5-pin TO-220  
8-pin Plastic DIP  
8-pin SOIC  
Inverting  
–40ºC to +85ºC  
–40ºC to +85ºC  
0ºC to +70ºC  
Non-Inverting  
Non-Inverting  
Non-Inverting  
5-pin TO-220  
Pin Configurations  
VS  
IN  
VS  
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
OUT  
OUT  
GND  
NC  
GND  
Plastic DIP (N)  
SOIC (M)  
5
4
3
2
1
OUT  
GND  
VS  
GND  
IN  
TO-220-5 (T)  
Pin Description  
Pin Number  
Pin Number  
Pin Name  
Pin Function  
TO-220-5  
DIP, SOIC  
1
2, 4  
3, TAB  
5
2
IN  
GND  
VS  
Control Input  
4, 5  
1, 8  
6, 7  
3
Ground: Duplicate pins must be externally connected together.  
Supply Input: Duplicate pins must be externally connected together.  
Output: Duplicate pins must be externally connected together.  
Not connected.  
OUT  
NC  
MIC4451/4452  
2
July 2005  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1, 2 and 3)  
Supply Voltage ..............................................................20V  
Input Voltage ...................................VS + 0.3V to GND – 5V  
Input Current (VIN > VS).............................................. 50 mA  
Power Dissipation, TAMBIENT ≤ 25°C  
Operating Ratings  
Operating Temperature (Chip)................................... 150°C  
Operating Temperature (Ambient)  
C Version.................................................... 0°C to +70°C  
B Version ................................................ –40°C to +85°C  
Thermal Impedances (To Case)  
PDIP ....................................................................960mW  
SOIC..................................................................1040mW  
5-Pin TO-220 ..............................................................2W  
Power Dissipation, TCASE ≤ 25°C  
5-Pin TO-220 JC) ...............................................10°C/W  
5-Pin TO-220 .........................................................12.5W  
Derating Factors (to Ambient)  
PDIP ................................................................7.7mW/°C  
SOIC...............................................................8.3 mW/°C  
5-Pin TO-220 ....................................................17mW/°C  
Storage Temperature................................ –65°C to +150°C  
Lead Temperature (10 sec) ....................................... 300°C  
Electrical Characteristics(Note 4)  
:
(TA = 25°C with 4.5 V ≤ VS ≤ 18 V unless otherwise specified.)  
Symbol  
INPUT  
VIH  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
Logic 1 Input Voltage  
Logic 0 Input Voltage  
Input Voltage Range  
Input Current  
2.4  
1.3  
1.1  
V
V
VIL  
0.8  
VS+.3  
10  
VIN  
–5  
V
IIN  
0 V ≤ VIN ≤ VS  
–10  
µA  
OUTPUT  
VOH  
High Output Voltage  
Low Output Voltage  
See Figure 1  
VS–.025  
V
V
Ω
VOL  
See Figure 1  
.025  
1.5  
RO  
Output Resistance,  
Output High  
IOUT = 10 mA, VS = 18V  
0.6  
0.8  
12  
RO  
Output Resistance,  
Output Low  
IOUT = 10 mA, VS = 18V  
VS = 18 V (See Figure 6)  
1.5  
Ω
IPK  
IDC  
IR  
Peak Output Current  
A
A
Continuous Output Current  
2
Latch-Up Protection  
Withstand Reverse Current  
Duty Cycle ≤ 2%  
t ≤ 300 µs  
>1500  
mA  
SWITCHING TIME (Note 3)  
tR  
Rise Time  
Fall Time  
Test Figure 1, CL = 15,000 pF  
Test Figure 1, CL = 15,000 pF  
Test Figure 1  
20  
24  
15  
35  
40  
50  
30  
60  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
tF  
tD1  
tD2  
Delay Time  
Delay Time  
Test Figure 1  
Power Supply  
IS  
Power Supply Current  
VIN = 3 V  
0.4  
80  
1.5  
150  
mA  
µA  
VIN = 0 V  
VS  
Operating Input Voltage  
4.5  
18  
V
July 2005  
3
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Electrical Characteristics:  
(Over operating temperature range with 4.5V < VS < 18V unless otherwise specified.)  
Symbol  
INPUT  
VIH  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
Logic 1 Input Voltage  
Logic 0 Input Voltage  
Input Voltage Range  
Input Current  
2.4  
1.4  
1.0  
V
V
VIL  
0.8  
VS+.3  
10  
VIN  
–5  
V
IIN  
0V ≤ VIN ≤ VS  
–10  
µA  
OUTPUT  
VOH  
High Output Voltage  
Low Output Voltage  
Figure 1  
VS–.025  
V
V
Ω
VOL  
Figure 1  
0.025  
2.2  
RO  
Output Resistance,  
Output High  
IOUT = 10mA, VS = 18V  
0.8  
1.3  
RO  
Output Resistance,  
Output Low  
IOUT = 10mA, VS = 18V  
2.2  
Ω
SWITCHING TIME (Note 3)  
tR  
Rise Time  
Fall Time  
Figure 1, CL = 15,000pF  
Figure 1, CL = 15,000pF  
Figure 1  
23  
30  
20  
40  
50  
60  
40  
80  
ns  
ns  
ns  
ns  
tF  
tD1  
tD2  
Delay Time  
Delay Time  
Figure 1  
POWER SUPPLY  
IS  
Power Supply Current  
VIN = 3V  
0.6  
0.1  
3
0.4  
mA  
V
VIN = 0V  
VS  
Operating Input Voltage  
4.5  
18  
NOTE 1:  
NOTE 2:  
Functional operation above the absolute maximum stress ratings is not implied.  
Static-sensitive device. Store only in conductive containers. Handling personnel and equipment should be grounded to  
prevent damage from static discharge.  
NOTE 3:  
NOTE 4:  
Switching times guaranteed by design.  
Specification for packaged product only.  
Test Circuits  
VS = 18V  
VS = 18V  
0.1µF  
1.0µF  
0.1µF  
1.0µF  
0.1µF  
0.1µF  
IN  
OUT  
15000pF  
IN  
OUT  
15000pF  
MIC4451  
MIC4452  
5V  
90%  
5V  
90%  
2.5V  
tPW≥ 0.5µs  
2.5V  
tPW≥ 0.5µs  
INPUT  
INPUT  
10%  
0V  
10%  
0V  
tPW  
tPW  
tD1  
tF  
tD2  
tR  
tD1  
tF  
tR  
tD2  
V S  
90%  
V S  
90%  
OUTPUT  
10%  
OUTPUT  
10%  
0V  
0V  
Figure 2. Noninverting Driver Switching Time  
July 2005  
Figure 1. Inverting Driver Switching Time  
MIC4451/4452  
4
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Typical Characteristic Curves  
Rise Time  
FallTime  
Rise and FallTimes  
vs. Supply Voltage  
vs. Supply Voltage  
vs. Temperature  
220  
220  
200  
180  
160  
140  
120  
100  
80  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
C
V
= 10,000pF  
= 18V  
200  
180  
160  
140  
L
S
t
FALL  
47,000pF  
47,000pF  
120  
100  
80  
60  
40  
20  
0
22,000pF  
10,000pF  
t
RISE  
22,000pF  
10,000pF  
60  
40  
20  
0
-40  
0
40  
80  
120  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
TEMPERATURE ( °C)  
Rise Time  
Fall Time  
Crossover Energy  
vs. Supply Voltage  
vs. Capacitive Load  
vs. Capacitive Load  
-7  
300  
250  
200  
150  
100  
50  
300  
250  
200  
150  
100  
50  
10  
PER TRANSITION  
5V  
5V  
-8  
-9  
10  
10  
10V  
10V  
18V  
18V  
0
0
100  
1000  
10k  
100k  
100  
1000  
10k  
100k  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)  
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)  
VOLTAGE (V)  
Supply Current  
Supply Current  
Supply Current  
vs. Capacitive Load  
V
vs. Capacitive Load  
V
vs. Capacitive Load  
220  
200  
180  
160  
140  
120  
100  
80  
150  
120  
90  
60  
30  
0
75  
60  
45  
30  
15  
0
= 18V  
= 12V  
V = 5V  
S
S
S
z
H
M
1
z
z
z
H
H
z
H
H
k
z
H
z
z
z
k
k
H
H
H
k
60  
M
M
0
0
0
k
k
1
1
5
0
5
0
5
0
0
0
0
40  
2
2
2
20  
0
100  
1000  
10k  
100k  
100  
1000  
10k  
100k  
100  
1000  
10k  
100k  
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)  
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)  
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)  
Supply Current  
vs. Frequency  
= 18V  
Supply Current  
vs. Frequency  
Supply Current  
vs. Frequency  
180  
160  
140  
120  
100  
80  
120  
100  
80  
60  
40  
20  
0
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
V
V
= 12V  
V
S
= 5V  
S
S
F
µ
1
0
.
0
F
µ
F
F
F
µ
1
F
µ
F
µ
0
p
.
1
µ
1
1
.
F
.
.
0
0
1
p
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
0
F
0
0
1
p
0
0
1
0
0
60  
1
40  
20  
0
10k  
100k  
1M  
10M  
10k  
100k  
1M  
10M  
10k  
100k  
1M  
10M  
FREQUENCY (Hz)  
FREQUENCY (Hz)  
FREQUENCY (Hz)  
July 2005  
5
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Typical Characteristic Curves (Cont.)  
Propagation Delay  
vs. Input Amplitude  
Propagation Delay  
vs. Temperature  
Propagation Delay  
vs. Supply Voltage  
120  
110  
100  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
V
= 10V  
S
t
D2  
t
D2  
t
D2  
t
D1  
t
D1  
t
D1  
0
2
4
6
8
10  
-40  
0
40  
80  
120  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
INPUT (V)  
TEMPERATURE ( °C)  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
Quiescent Supply Current  
vs. Temperature  
High-State Output Resist.  
Low-State Output Resist.  
vs. Supply Voltage  
vs. Supply Voltage  
1000  
100  
10  
2.4  
2.4  
V
= 18V  
S
2.2  
2.0  
1.8  
1.6  
1.4  
1.2  
1.0  
0.8  
0.6  
0.4  
0.2  
0
2.2  
2.0  
1.8  
1.6  
INPUT = 1  
INPUT = 0  
T
= 150°C  
J
1.4  
1.2  
1.0  
0.8  
0.6  
0.4  
0.2  
0
T
T
= 150°C  
= 25°C  
J
J
T
= 25°C  
J
-40  
0
40  
80  
120  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18  
TEMPERATURE ( °C)  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
MIC4451/4452  
6
July 2005  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
To guarantee low supply impedance over a wide frequency  
range, a parallel capacitor combination is recommended for  
supply bypassing. Low inductance ceramic disk capacitors  
with short lead lengths (< 0.5 inch) should be used. A 1µF  
low ESR film capacitor in parallel with two 0.1µF low ESR  
ceramic capacitors, (such as AVX RAM GUARD®), provides  
adequate bypassing. Connect one ceramic capacitor directly  
between pins 1 and 4. Connect the second ceramic capacitor  
directly between pins 8 and 5.  
Applications Information  
Supply Bypassing  
Charging and discharging large capacitive loads quickly  
requires large currents. For example, changing a 10,000pF  
load to 18V in 50ns requires 3.6A.  
The MIC4451/4452 has double bonding on the supply pins,  
the ground pins and output pins. This reduces parasitic lead  
inductance. Low inductance enables large currents to be  
switched rapidly. It also reduces internal ringing that can  
cause voltage breakdown when the driver is operated at or  
near the maximum rated voltage.  
Grounding  
The high current capability of the MIC4451/4452 demands  
careful PC board layout for best performance. Since the  
MIC4451 is an inverting driver, any ground lead impedance  
will appear as negative feedback which can degrade switch-  
ing speed. Feedback is especially noticeable with slow-rise  
time inputs. The MIC4451 input structure includes 200mV  
of hysteresis to ensure clean transitions and freedom from  
oscillation, but attention to layout is still recommended.  
Internal ringing can also cause output oscillation due to  
feedback. This feedback is added to the input signal since it  
is referenced to the same ground.  
Figure 5 shows the feedback effect in detail.As the MIC4451  
input begins to go positive, the output goes negative and  
several amperes of current flow in the ground lead. As little  
as 0.05Ω of PC trace resistance can produce hundreds of  
millivolts at the MIC4451 ground pins. If the driving logic is  
referenced to power ground, the effective logic input level is  
reduced and oscillation may result.  
V
DD  
1µF  
MIC4451  
V
DD  
φ
2
φ
DRIVE SIGNAL  
1
To insure optimum performance, separate ground traces  
shouldbeprovidedforthelogicandpowerconnections. Con-  
necting the logic ground directly to the MIC4451 GND pins  
will ensure full logic drive to the input and ensure fast output  
switching. Both of the MIC4451 GND pins should, however,  
still be connected to power ground.  
DRIVE  
LOGIC  
CONDUCTION ANGLE  
CONTROL 0° TO 180°  
CONDUCTION ANGLE  
CONTROL 180° TO 360°  
φ
M
φ
3
1
V
DD  
V
1µF  
DD  
MIC4452  
PHASE 1 OF 3 PHASE MOTOR  
DRIVER USING MIC4451/4452  
Figure 3. Direct Motor Drive  
+15  
(x2) 1N4448  
5.6kΩ  
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOAD CURREN  
T
560 Ω  
30  
29  
28  
27  
26  
25  
0.1µF  
50V  
+
1µF  
50V  
BYV 10 (x 2)  
12 LIN  
E
1
MKS2  
8
6, 7  
+
2
MIC4451  
0.1µF  
WIMA  
MKS2  
+
5
560µF 50V  
100µF 50V  
4
0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350  
mA  
UNITED CHEMCON SXE  
Figure 4. Self Contained Voltage Doubler  
July 2005  
7
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Input Stage  
The supply current vs. frequency and supply current vs ca-  
pacitive load characteristic curves aid in determining power  
dissipation calculations. Table 1 lists the maximum safe  
operating frequency for several power supply voltages when  
driving a 10,000pF load. More accurate power dissipation  
figures can be obtained by summing the three dissipation  
sources.  
TheinputvoltageleveloftheMIC4451changesthequiescent  
supplycurrent.TheNchannelMOSFETinputstagetransistor  
drives a 320µAcurrent source load. With a logic “1” input, the  
maximum quiescent supply current is 400µA. Logic “0” input  
level signals reduce quiescent current to 80µA typical.  
The MIC4451/4452 input is designed to provide 200mV of  
hysteresis. This provides clean transitions, reduces noise  
sensitivity, and minimizes output stage current spiking when  
changingstates.Inputvoltagethresholdlevelisapproximately  
1.5V, making the device TTL compatible over the full tem-  
perature and operating supply voltage ranges. Input current  
is less than ±10µA.  
Given the power dissipation in the device, and the thermal  
resistance of the package, junction operating temperature  
for any ambient is easy to calculate. For example, the ther-  
mal resistance of the 8-pin plastic DIP package, from the  
data sheet, is 130°C/W. In a 25°C ambient, then, using a  
maximum junction temperature of 125°C, this package will  
dissipate 960mW.  
The MIC4451 can be directly driven by the TL494,  
SG1526/1527, SG1524, TSC170, MIC38C42, and similar  
switch mode power supply integrated circuits. By offloading  
the power-driving duties to the MIC4451/4452, the power  
supply controller can operate at lower dissipation. This can  
improve performance and reliability.  
Accuratepowerdissipationnumberscanbeobtainedbysum-  
ming the three sources of power dissipation in the device:  
• Load Power Dissipation (PL)  
• Quiescent power dissipation (P )  
• Transition power dissipation (PTQ)  
The input can be greater than the VS supply, however, current  
will flow into the input lead. The input currents can be as high  
as 30mAp-p (6.4mARMS) with the input. No damage will occur  
to MIC4451/4452 however, and it will not latch.  
Calculation of load power dissipation differs depending on  
whether the load is capacitive, resistive or inductive.  
Resistive Load Power Dissipation  
Dissipation caused by a resistive load can be calculated  
as:  
The input appears as a 7pF capacitance and does not  
change even if the input is driven from an AC source. While  
the device will operate and no damage will occur up to 25V  
below the negative rail, input current will increase up to  
1mA/V due to the clamping action of the input, ESD diode,  
and 1kΩ resistor.  
PL = I2 RO D  
where:  
I = the current drawn by the load  
Power Dissipation  
RO = the output resistance of the driver when the output  
is high, at the power supply voltage used. (See data  
sheet)  
CMOS circuits usually permit the user to ignore power dis-  
sipation. Logic families such as 4000 and 74C have outputs  
whichcanonlysupplyafewmilliamperesofcurrent,andeven  
shorting outputs to ground will not force enough current to  
destroy the device. The MIC4451/4452 on the other hand,  
cansourceorsinkseveralamperesanddrivelargecapacitive  
loads at high frequency. The package power dissipation limit  
can easily be exceeded. Therefore, some attention should  
be given to power dissipation when driving low impedance  
loads and/or operating at high frequency.  
D = fraction of time the load is conducting (duty cycle)  
Capacitive Load Power Dissipation  
Dissipation caused by a capacitive load is simply the energy  
placed in, or removed from, the load capacitance by the  
driver. The energy stored in a capacitor is described by the  
equation:  
E = 1/2 C V2  
+18  
WIMA  
MKS-2  
1 µF  
Table 1: MIC4451 Maximum  
Operating Frequency  
5.0V  
18 V  
1
TEK CURRENT  
PROBE 6302  
8
6, 7  
VS  
Max Frequency  
220kHz  
MIC4451  
18V  
15V  
10V  
5V  
0 V  
5
0 V  
0.1µF  
0.1µF  
4
2,500 pF  
300kHz  
POLYCARBONATE  
640kHz  
LOGIC  
GROUND  
12 AMPS  
PC TRACE RESISTANCE = 0.05Ω  
2MHz  
300 mV  
POWER  
GROUND  
Conditions:  
1. θJA = 150°C/W  
2. TA = 25°C  
3. CL = 10,000pF  
Figure 5. Switching Time Degradation Due to  
Negative Feedback  
MIC4451/4452  
8
July 2005  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Asthisenergyislostinthedrivereachtimetheloadischarged  
or discharged, for power dissipation calculations the 1/2 is  
removed. This equation also shows that it is good practice  
not to place more voltage on the capacitor than is necessary,  
as dissipation increases as the square of the voltage applied  
to the capacitor. For a driver with a capacitive load:  
Transition Power Dissipation  
Transition power is dissipated in the driver each time its  
output changes state, because during the transition, for a  
very brief interval, both the N- and P-channel MOSFETs in  
the output totem-pole are ON simultaneously, and a current  
is conducted through them from VS to ground. The transition  
power dissipation is approximately:  
PL = f C (VS)2  
where:  
PT = 2 f VS (A•s)  
f = Operating Frequency  
C = Load Capacitance  
VS =Driver Supply Voltage  
where (A•s) is a time-current factor derived from the typical  
characteristic curve “Crossover Energy vs. Supply Volt-  
age.”  
Inductive Load Power Dissipation  
Total power (PD) then, as previously described is:  
PD = PL + PQ + PT  
For inductive loads the situation is more complicated. For  
the part of the cycle in which the driver is actively forcing  
current into the inductor, the situation is the same as it is in  
the resistive case:  
Definitions  
CL = Load Capacitance in Farads.  
PL1 = I2 RO D  
D = Duty Cycle expressed as the fraction of time the  
input to the driver is high.  
However, in this instance the R required may be either  
the on resistance of the driver whOen its output is in the high  
state, or its on resistance when the driver is in the low state,  
depending on how the inductor is connected, and this is still  
only half the story. For the part of the cycle when the induc-  
tor is forcing current through the driver, dissipation is best  
described as  
f = Operating Frequency of the driver in Hertz  
IH = Power supply current drawn by a driver when both  
inputs are high and neither output is loaded.  
IL = Power supply current drawn by a driver when both  
inputs are low and neither output is loaded.  
PL2 = I VD (1 – D)  
ID = Output current from a driver in Amps.  
where V is the forward drop of the clamp diode in the driver  
(generalDly around 0.7V). The two parts of the load dissipation  
must be summed in to produce PL  
PD = Total power dissipated in a driver in Watts.  
PL = Power dissipated in the driver due to the driver’s  
load in Watts.  
PL = PL1 + PL2  
PQ = Power dissipated in a quiescent driver in Watts.  
Quiescent Power Dissipation  
PT = Power dissipated in a driver when the output  
changes states (“shoot-through current”) in Watts.  
NOTE: The “shoot-through” current from a dual  
transition (once up, once down) for both drivers is  
stated in Figure 7 in ampere-nanoseconds. This  
figure must be multiplied by the number of repeti-  
tions per second (frequency) to find Watts.  
Quiescent power dissipation (P , as described in the input  
section) depends on whether thQe input is high or low. A low  
input will result in a maximum current drain (per driver) of  
0.2mA; a logic high will result in a current drain of ≤ 3.0mA.  
Quiescent power can therefore be found from:  
PQ = VS [D IH + (1 – D) IL]  
where:  
RO = Output resistance of a driver in Ohms.  
VS = Power supply voltage to the IC in Volts.  
I = quiescent current with input high  
IHL = quiescent current with input low  
D = fraction of time input is high (duty cycle)  
VS = power supply voltage  
July 2005  
9
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
+18 V  
WIMA  
MK22  
1 µF  
5.0V  
18 V  
1
TEK CURRENT  
PROBE 6302  
8
2
6, 7  
MIC4452  
0 V  
5
0 V  
0.1µF  
0.1µF  
4
15,000 pF  
POLYCARBONATE  
Figure 6. Peak Output Current Test Circuit  
MIC4451/4452  
10  
July 2005  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
Package Information  
PIN 1  
DIMENSIONS:  
INCH (MM)  
0.380 (9.65)  
0.370 (9.40)  
0.255 (6.48)  
0.245 (6.22)  
0.135 (3.43)  
0.125 (3.18)  
0.300 (7.62)  
0.013 (0.330)  
0.010 (0.254)  
0.380 (9.65)  
0.320 (8.13)  
0.018 (0.57)  
0.100 (2.54)  
0.130 (3.30)  
0.0375 (0.952)  
8-Pin Plastic DIP (N)  
0.026 (0.65)  
MAX)  
PIN 1  
0.157 (3.99)  
0.150 (3.81)  
DIMENSIONS:  
INCHES (MM)  
0.020 (0.51)  
0.013 (0.33)  
0.050 (1.27)  
TYP  
45°  
0.0098 (0.249)  
0.0040 (0.102)  
0.010 (0.25)  
0.007 (0.18)  
0°–8°  
0.197 (5.0)  
0.189 (4.8)  
0.050 (1.27)  
0.016 (0.40)  
SEATING  
PLANE  
0.064 (1.63)  
0.045 (1.14)  
0.244 (6.20)  
0.228 (5.79)  
8-Pin SOIC (M)  
July 2005  
11  
MIC4451/4452  
MIC4451/4452  
Micrel, Inc.  
0.150 D ±0.005  
(3.81 D ±0.13)  
0.177 ±0.008  
(4.50 ±0.20)  
0.400 ±0.015  
(10.16 ±0.38)  
0.050 ±0.005  
(1.27 ±0.13)  
0.108 ±0.005  
(2.74 ±0.13)  
0.241 ±0.017  
(6.12 ±0.43)  
0.578 ±0.018  
(14.68 ±0.46)  
SEATING  
PLANE  
7°  
Typ.  
0.550 ±0.010  
(13.97 ±0.25)  
0.067 ±0.005  
(1.70 ±0.127)  
0.032 ±0.005  
(0.81 ±0.13)  
0.018 ±0.008  
(0.46 ±0.20)  
0.103 ±0.013  
(2.62±0.33)  
0.268 REF  
(6.81 REF)  
inch  
(mm)  
Dimensions:  
5-Pin TO-220 (T)  
MICREL INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA  
TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com  
This information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use.  
Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.  
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can  
reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into  
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's  
use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify  
Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.  
© 1998 Micrel, Inc.  
MIC4451/4452  
12  
July 2005  

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