MPC93R51FA [MOTOROLA]
PLL BASED CLOCK DRIVER, 9 TRUE OUTPUT(S), 0 INVERTED OUTPUT(S), PQFP32, 7 X 7 MM, PLASTIC, LQFP-32;型号: | MPC93R51FA |
厂家: | MOTOROLA |
描述: | PLL BASED CLOCK DRIVER, 9 TRUE OUTPUT(S), 0 INVERTED OUTPUT(S), PQFP32, 7 X 7 MM, PLASTIC, LQFP-32 驱动 输出元件 逻辑集成电路 |
文件: | 总9页 (文件大小:155K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
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SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
Order Number: MPC93R51/D
Rev 1, 05/2003
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The MPC93R51 is a 3.3V compatible, PLL based clock generator tar-
geted for high performance clock distribution systems. With output fre-
quencies of up to 240 MHz and a maximum output skew of 150 ps the
MPC93R51 is an ideal solution for the most demanding clock tree de-
signs. The device offers 9 low skew clock outputs, each is configurable to
support the clocking needs of the various high-performance microproces-
sors including the PowerQuicc II integrated communication microproces-
sor. The devices employs a fully differential PLL design to minimize cycle-
to-cycle and long-term jitter.
2
LOW VOLTAGE 3.3V
PLL CLOCK GENERATOR
Features
• 9 outputs LVCMOS PLL clock generator
• 25 - 240 MHz output frequency range
• Fully integrated PLL
• Compatible to various microprocessors such as PowerQuicc II
• Supports networking, telecommunications and computer applications
• Configurable outputs: divide-by-2, 4 and 8 of VCO frequency
• LVPECL and LVCMOS compatible inputs
• External feedback enables zero-delay configurations
• Output enable/disable and static test mode (PLL enable/disable)
• Low skew characteristics: maximum 150 ps output-to-output
• Cycle-to-cycle jitter max. 22 ps RMS
FA SUFFIX
LQFP PACKAGE
CASE 873A
• 32 lead LQFP package
• Ambient Temperature Range 0°C to +70°C
• Pin & Function Compatible with the MPC951
Functional Description
The MPC93R51 utilizes PLL technology to frequency and phase lock its outputs onto an input reference clock. Normal
operation of the MPC93R51 requires a connection of one of the device outputs to the EXT_FB input to close the PLL feedback
path. The reference clock frequency and the output divider for the feedback path determine the VCO frequency. Both must be
selected to match the VCO frequency range. With available output dividers of divide-by-4 and divide-by-8 the internal VCO of the
MPC93R51 is running at either 4x or 8x of the reference clock frequency. The frequency of the QA, QB, QC and QD outputs is
either the one half, one fourth or one eighth of the selected VCO frequency and can be configured for each output bank using the
FSELA, FSELB, FSELC and FSELD pins, respectively. The available output to input frequency ratios are 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and
1:4. The REF_SEL pin selects the differential LVPECL (PCLK and PCLK) or the LVCMOS compatible reference input (TCLK).
The MPC93R51 also provides a static test mode when the PLL enable pin (PLL_EN) is pulled to logic low state. In test mode, the
selected input reference clock is routed directly to the output dividers bypassing the PLL. The test mode is intended for system
diagnostics, test and debug purpose. This test mode is fully static and the minimum clock frequency specification does not apply.
The outputs can be disabled by deasserting the OE pin (logic high state). In PLL mode, deasserting OE causes the PLL to loose
lock due to no feedback signal presence at EXT_FB. Asserting OE will enable the outputs and close the phase locked loop, also
enabling the PLL to recover to normal operation. The MPC93R51 is 3.3V compatible and requires no external loop filter compo-
nents. All inputs except PCLK and PCLK accept LVCMOS signals while the outputs provide LVCMOS compatible levels with the
capability to drive terminated 50 W transmission lines. For series terminated transmission lines, each of the MPC93R51 outputs
can drive one or two traces giving the devices an effective fanout of 1:18. The device is packaged in a 7x7 mm2 32-lead LQFP
package.
Application Information
The fully integrated PLL of the MPC93R51 allows the low skew outputs to lock onto a clock input and distribute it with
essentially zero propagation delay to multiple components on the board. In zero-delay buffer mode, the PLL minimizes phase
offset between the outputs and the reference signal.
130
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
MPC93R51
(pullup)
PCLK
PCLK
0
1
0
1
÷2
÷4
÷8
0
1
PLL
Ref
FB
(pulldown)
D
D
D
Q
Q
Q
QA
QB
TCLK
(pulldown)
(pulldown)
REF_SEL
EXT_FB
0
1
200 - 480 MHz
2
(pullup)
PLL_EN
QC0
QC1
0
1
(pulldown)
(pulldown)
(pulldown)
FSELA
FSELB
QD0
FSELC
FSELD
(pulldown)
QD1
QD2
QD3
QD4
0
1
D
Q
(pulldown)
OE
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Figure 1. MPC93R51 Logic Diagram
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MPC93R51
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Figure 2. Pinout: 32–Lead LQFP Package Pinout (Top View)
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
131
MPC93R51
PIN CONFIGURATION
Pin
I/O
Type
LVPECL
Function
PCLK, PCLK
Input
Differential clock reference
Low voltage positive ECL input
TCLK
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
Input
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
Single ended reference clock signal or test clock
Feedback signal input, connect to a QA, QB, QC, QD output
Selects input reference clock
EXT_FB
REF_SEL
FSELA
FSELB
FSELC
FSELD
Output A divider selection
Output B divider selection
2
Outputs C divider selection
Outputs D divider selection
OE
Input
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
LVCMOS
VCC
Output enable/disable
QA
Output
Output
Output
Output
Supply
Supply
Supply
Bank A clock output
QB
Bank B clock output
QC0, QC1
QD0 - QD4
VCCA
VCC
Bank C clock outputs
Bank D clock outputs
Positive power supply for the PLL
Positive power supply for I/O and core
Negative power supply
VCC
GND
Ground
FUNCTION TABLE
Control
Default
0
1
REF_SEL
0
1
Selects PCLK as reference clock
Selects TCLK as reference clock
PLL_EN
Test mode with PLL disabled. The input clock is
directly routed to the output dividers
PLL enabled. The VCO output is routed to the
output dividers
OE
0
Outputs enabled
Outputs disabled, PLL loop is open
VCO is forced to its minimum frequency
FSELA
FSELB
FSELC
FSELD
0
0
0
0
QA = VCO ÷ 2
QB = VCO ÷ 4
QC = VCO ÷ 4
QD = VCO ÷ 4
QA = VCO ÷ 4
QB = VCO ÷ 8
QC = VCO ÷ 8
QD = VCO ÷ 8
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSa
Symbol
Characteristics
Min
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
Max
Unit
V
Condition
V
CC
Supply Voltage
3.9
V
DC Input Voltage
DC Output Voltage
DC Input Current
DC Output Current
Storage Temperature
V
V
+0.3
V
IN
CC
CC
V
OUT
+0.3
V
I
IN
20
50
mA
mA
°C
I
OUT
T
-55
150
S
a. Absolute maximum continuos ratings are those maximum values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Exposure to these conditions
or conditions beyond those indicated may adversely affect device reliability. Functional operation at absolute-maximum-rated conditions is not
implied.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Symbol
Characteristics
Output Termination Voltage
ESD (Machine Model)
ESD (Human Body Model)
Latch–Up
Min
Typ
V B 2
CC
Max
Unit
V
Condition
V
TT
MM
HBM
LU
200
2000
200
V
V
mA
pF
pF
C
Power Dissipation Capacitance
10
Per output
Inputs
PD
C
4.0
IN
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MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
MPC93R51
DC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 3.3V 5%, TA = 0° to 70°C)
Sym-
bol
Characteristics
Min
Typ
Max
+ 0.3
Unit
Condition
V
IH
Input High Voltage
2.0
V
V
V
LVCMOS
CC
V
IL
Input Low Voltage
0.8
LVCMOS
LVPECL
LVPECL
V
PP
Peak-to-Peak Input Voltage
PCLK, PCLK
PCLK, PCLK
250
mV
a
V
CMR
Common Mode Range
Output High Voltage
Output Low Voltage
1.0
2.4
V
-0.6
V
V
CC
b
V
OH
I
=-24 mA
OH
V
OL
0.55
0.30
V
V
I
OL
I
OL
= 24 mA
= 12 mA
2
Z
OUT
Output Impedance
14 - 17
W
I
Input Leakage Current
Maximum PLL Supply Current
200
5.0
10
µA
mA
mA
V
V
= V or GND
CC
IN
IN
I
3.0
7.0
Pin
CCA
CCA
CCQ
I
Maximum Quiescent Supply Current
All V Pins
CC
a. V
(DC) is the crosspoint of the differential input signal. Functional operation is obtained when the crosspoint is within the V
range
CMR
CMR
and the input swing lies within the V (DC) specification.
PP
b. The MPC93R51 is capable of driving 50Ω transmission lines on the incident edge. Each output drives one 50Ω parallel terminated trans-
mission line to a termination voltage of V . Alternatively, the device drives up to two 50Ω series terminated transmission lines.
TT
AC CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 3.3V 5%, TA = 0° to 70°C)a
Symbol
Characteristics
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Condition
b
f
ref
Input Frequency
÷ 4 feedback
÷ 8 feedback
Static test mode
50
25
0
120
60
300
MHz
MHz
MHz
PLL_EN = 1
PLL_EN = 1
PLL_EN = 0
f
f
VCO Frequency
200
480
MHz
VCO
b
Maximum Output Frequency
÷ 2 output
÷ 4 output
÷ 8 output
100
50
25
240
120
60
MHz
MHz
MHz
MAX
f
Reference Input Duty Cycle
25
500
1.2
75
%
refDC
V
PP
Peak-to-Peak Input Voltage PCLK, PCLK
1000
mV
LVPECL
c
V
Common Mode Range
PCLK, PCLK
V
-0.9
V
LVPECL
CMR
d
CC
tr, tf
TCLK Input Rise/Fall Time
1.0
ns
0.8 to 2.0V
t
∅
(
Propagation Delay (static phase offset)
TCLK to EXT_FB
)
–50
+25
+150
+325
ps
ps
PLL locked
PLL locked
PCLK to EXT_FB
t
Output-to-Output Skew
150
ps
sk(o)
DC
Output Duty Cycle
100 – 240 MHz
50 – 120 MHz
25 – 60 MHz
45
47.5
48.75
50
50
50
55
52.5
51.75
%
%
%
t , t
Output Rise/Fall Time
Output Disable Time
Output Enable Time
0.1
1.0
ns
ns
ns
0.55 to 2.4V
r
f
t
t
7.0
PLZ, HZ
6.0
PZL, ZH
BW
PLL closed loop bandwidth ÷ 4 feedback
÷ 8 feedback
3.0 – 9.5
1.2 – 2.1
MHz
MHz
–3 db point of
PLL transfer
characteristic
t
Cycle-to-cycle jitter
Single Output Frequency Configuration
÷ 4 feedback
10
8.0
22
15
ps
ps
RMS value
RMS value
RMS value
JIT(CC)
t
Period Jitter
Single Output Frequency Configuration
÷ 4 feedback
JIT(PER)
t
I/O Phase Jitter
4.0 – 17
ps
∅
JIT(
)
t
Maximum PLL Lock Time
1.0
ms
LOCK
a. AC characteristics apply for parallel output termination of 50Ω to V
TT
b. The PLL will be unstable with a divide by 2 feedback ratio.
c. V
(AC) is the crosspoint of the differential input signal. Normal AC operation is obtained when the crosspoint is within the V
range
CMR
CMR
and the input swing lies within the V (AC) specification. Violation of V
or V impacts static phase offset t
.
∅
)
PP
CMR
PP
(
d. The MPC93R51 will operate with input rise/fall times up to 3.0 ns, but the AC characteristics, specifically t , can only be guaranteed if tr/tf
∅
(
)
are within the specified range.
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
133
MPC93R51
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Programming the MPC93R51
the various output configurations, the table describes the out-
puts using the input clock frequency CLK as a reference.
The MPC93R51 clock driver outputs can be configured into
several divider modes, in addition the external feedback of the
device allows for flexibility in establishing various input to out-
put frequency relationships. The output divider of the four out-
put groups allows the user to configure the outputs into 1:1,
2:1, 4:1 and 4:2:1 frequency ratios. The use of even dividers
ensure that the output duty cycle is always 50%. “Output Fre-
The output division settings establish the output relation-
ship, in addition, it must be ensured that the VCO will be stable
given the frequency of the outputs desired. The feedback fre-
quency should be used to situate the VCO into a frequency
range in which the PLL will be stable. The design of the PLL
supports output frequencies from 25 MHz to 240 MHz while the
VCO frequency range is specified from 200 MHz to 480 MHz
2
quency Relationship for an Example Configuration” illustrates and should not be exceeded for stable operation.
Output Frequency Relationshipa for an Example Configuration
Inputs
Outputs
FSELA
FSELB
FSELC
FSELD
QA
QB
CLK
QC
QD
CLK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
4 * CLK
4 * CLK
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
4 * CLK
4 * CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK ÷ 2
2* CLK
CLK
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
CLK ÷ 2
CLK ÷ 2
CLK
CLK
CLK ÷ 2
2 * CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK ÷ 2
2 * CLK
CLK
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
CLK
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
CLK ÷ 2
CLK ÷ 2
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK ÷ 2
2 * CLK
CLK
2 * CLK
2 * CLK
CLK
a. Output frequency relationship with respect to input reference frequency CLK. QC1 is connected to EXT_FB.
Using the MPC93R51 in zero–delay applications
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Nested clock trees are typical applications for the
MPC93R51. For these applications the MPC93R51 offers a
differential LVPECL clock input pair as a PLL reference. This
allows for the use of differential LVPECL primary clock distribu-
tion devices such as the Motorola MC100EP111 or
MC10EP222, taking advantage of its superior low-skew perfor-
mance. Clock trees using LVPECL for clock distribution and
the MPC93R51 as LVCMOS PLL fanout buffer with zero inser-
tion delay will show significantly lower clock skew than clock
distributions developed from CMOS fanout buffers.
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ꢀꢁꢂꢃꢄꢅꢆꢇ
The external feedback option of the MPC93R51 PLL allows
for its use as a zero delay buffer. The PLL aligns the feedback
clock output edge with the clock input reference edge and
virtually eliminates the propagation delay through the device.
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MPC93R51 zero–delay configuration (feedback of QD4)
The remaining insertion delay (skew error) of the
MPC93R51 in zero-delay applications is measured between
the reference clock input and any output. This effective delay
Calculation of part-to-part skew
The MPC93R51 zero delay buffer supports applications
consists of the static phase offset (SPO or t(∅)), I/O jitter where critical clock signal timing can be maintained across
(tJIT(∅ , phase or long-term jitter), feedback path delay and the several devices. If the reference clock inputs (TCLK or PCLK)
)
output-to-output skew (tSK(O) relative to the feedback output. of two or more MPC93R51 are connected together, the maxi-
134
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
MPC93R51
mum overall timing uncertainty from the common TCLK input
to any output is:
Above equation uses the maximum I/O jitter number shown
in the AC characteristic table for VCC=3.3V (17 ps RMS). I/O
jitter is frequency dependant with a maximum at the lowest
VCO frequency (200 MHz for the MPC93R51). Applications
using a higher VCO frequency exhibit less I/O jitter than the AC
characteristic limit. The I/O jitter characteristics in Figure 4 can
be used to derive a smaller I/O jitter number at the specific
VCO frequency, resulting in tighter timing limits in zero-delay
tSK(PP) = t ∅ + tSK(O) + tPD, LINE(FB) + tJIT( ꢀ CF
∅
)
(
)
This maximum timing uncertainty consist of 4 components:
static phase offset, output skew, feedback board trace delay
and I/O (phase) jitter:
mode and for part-to-part skew tSK(PP)
.
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ꢆ ꢫꢿ
ꢿ
ꢫꢦ
ꢨ
ꢌ ꢂ ꢺ ꢊ ꢻ ꢁ ꢎ ꢶ ꢕ ꢄ ꢹ
ꢾ
ꢨ
∅
ꢶ ꢹ
2
ꢃ ꢕꢄ
ꢂ ꢞ
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ꢱ
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ꢞ
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ꢓ
ꢨ
ꢼ
∅
ꢶ
ꢻ
ꢉ
ꢹ
ꢈꢦ ꢯ ꢃ
ꢂ ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢞ
ꢽ t
ꢖ ꢋ ꢶ ꢇ ꢹ
ꢽ
ꢨ
∅
ꢶ ꢹ
ꢃ ꢕꢄ
ꢂꢞ ꣀ
ꢣꢱꢞ ꢏ
ꢨ
∅
ꢼ ꢻ ꢉ ꢶ ꢹ
ꢈꢦ ꢯ ꢃ
ꢂ ꢞ ꣀ
ꢣ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢏ
ꢽ t
ꢖ ꢋ ꢶ ꢇ ꢹ
Figure 4. Max. I/O Jitter (RMS) versus frequency for
CC=3.3V
V
ꢟꢥ ꢧꢰ ꢤꢸꢞ ꢮ
ꢨ
ꢖ ꢋ ꢶ ꢌ ꢌ ꢹ
Power Supply Filtering
Figure 3. MPC93R51 max. device-to-device skew
The MPC93R51 is a mixed analog/digital product. Its analog
circuitry is naturally susceptible to random noise, especially if
this noise is seen on the power supply pins. Noise on the VCCA
(PLL) power supply impacts the device characteristics, for
instance I/O jitter. The MPC93R51 provides separate power
supplies for the output buffers (VCC) and the phase-locked
loop (VCCA) of the device.The purpose of this design technique
is to isolate the high switching noise digital outputs from the
relatively sensitive internal analog phase-locked loop. In a digi-
tal system environment where it is more difficult to minimize
noise on the power supplies a second level of isolation may be
required. The simple but effective form of isolation is a power
supply filter on the VCCA pin for the MPC93R51.
Due to the statistical nature of I/O jitter a RMS value (1 s) is
specified. I/O jitter numbers for other confidence factors (CF)
can be derived from Table 8.
Table 8: Confidence Facter CF
CF
1s
Probability of clock edge within the distribution
0.68268948
0.95449988
0.99730007
0.99993663
0.99999943
0.99999999
2s
3s
4s
5s
6s
Figure 5 illustrates a typical power supply filter scheme. The
MPC93R51 frequency and phase stability is most susceptible
to noise with spectral content in the 100kHz to 20MHz range.
Therefore the filter should be designed to target this range.
The key parameter that needs to be met in the final filter design
is the DC voltage drop across the series filter resistor RF. From
the data sheet the ICCA current (the current sourced through
the VCCA pin) is typically 3 mA (5 mA maximum), assuming
that a minimum of 3.0V must be maintained on the VCCA pin.
The resistor RF shown in Figure 5 “VCCA Power Supply Filter”
must have a resistance of 5–15W to meet the voltage drop
criteria.
The feedback trace delay is determined by the board layout
and can be used to fine-tune the effective delay through each
device. In the following example calculation a I/O jitter confi-
dence factor of 99.7% ( 3s) is assumed, resulting in a worst
case timing uncertainty from input to any output of -251 ps to
351 ps relative to TCLK (VCC=3.3V and fVCO = 400 MHz):
tSK(PP)
tSK(PP)
=
=
[–50ps...150ps] + [–150ps...150ps] +
[(17ps @ –3)...(17ps @ 3)] + tPD, LINE(FB)
[–251ps...351ps] + tPD, LINE(FB)
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
135
MPC93R51
ꢜ
ꢕ
ꢟꢌ ꢆꢛ ꢐ ꢜꢗ ꢓ
ꢇ ꣁꢉꢌ ꣁꢉ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢈ
ꢅꢆ ꢆ
ꢄ ꣁꢕꢕꢎ ꢜ
ꢏ
ꢏ µꢕ
ꢒ
ꢰ
ꢒ
ꢓ
µ
ꢕ
ꢀꢁꢂꢃꢄꢅꢆꢇ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒ
Ω
ꢇ
ꢜ
ꢖ
ꢳ
ꢐ
ꢘΩ
ꢓꢑΩ
ꢻ
ꢁ
ꢇ
ꢢ
ꢨ
ꢈ
ꢅ ꢆꢆ
ꢒ
ꢰ
ꢒ
ꢓ
µ
ꢕ
ꢟ
ꢌ
ꢆ
ꢛ
ꢐ
ꢜ
ꢗ
ꢓ
ꢇ ꣁꢉꢌ ꣁꢉ
ꢄ ꣁꢕꢕꢎ ꢜ
ꣂ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢗ
ꢒΩ
ꢒΩ
ꢇ
ꢇ
ꢜ
ꢜ
ꢳ
ꢳ
ꢐ
ꢐ
ꢘΩ
ꢘΩ
ꢖ
ꢇ
ꢇ
ꢢ
ꢢ
ꢨ
ꢨ
ꢄ
ꢄ
ꢒ
ꢓ
Figure 5. VCCA Power Supply Filter
2
ꢓ
ꢑ
Ω
As the noise frequency crosses the series resonant point of
an individual capacitor its overall impedance begins to look
inductive and thus increases with increasing frequency. The
parallel capacitor combination shown ensures that a low im-
pedance path to ground exists for frequencies well above the
bandwidth of the PLL. Although the MPC93R51 has several
design features to minimize the susceptibility to power supply
noise (isolated power and grounds and fully differential PLL)
there still may be applications in which overall performance is
being degraded due to system power supply noise. The power
supply filter schemes discussed in this section should be ade-
quate to eliminate power supply noise related problems in
most designs.
ꢻ
ꢁ
ꢖ
Figure 6. Single versus Dual Transmission Lines
The waveform plots in Figure 7 “Single versus Dual Line
Termination Waveforms” show the simulation results of an out-
put driving a single line versus two lines. In both cases the
drive capability of the MPC93R51 output buffer is more than
sufficient to drive 50Ω transmission lines on the incident edge.
Note from the delay measurements in the simulations a delta
of only 43ps exists between the two differently loaded outputs.
This suggests that the dual line driving need not be used exclu-
sively to maintain the tight output-to-output skew of the
MPC93R51. The output waveform in Figure 7 “Single versus
Dual Line Termination Waveforms” shows a step in the wave-
form, this step is caused by the impedance mismatch seen
looking into the driver. The parallel combination of the 36Ω se-
ries resistor plus the output impedance does not match the
parallel combination of the line impedances. The voltage wave
launched down the two lines will equal:
Driving Transmission Lines
The MPC93R51 clock driver was designed to drive high
speed signals in a terminated transmission line environment.
To provide the optimum flexibility to the user the output drivers
were designed to exhibit the lowest impedance possible. With
an output impedance of less than 20Ω the drivers can drive
either parallel or series terminated transmission lines. For
more information on transmission lines the reader is referred to
Motorola application note AN1091. In most high performance
clock networks point-to-point distribution of signals is the meth-
od of choice. In a point-to-point scheme either series termi-
nated or parallel terminated transmission lines can be used.
The parallel technique terminates the signal at the end of the
line with a 50Ω resistance to VCC÷2.
VL = VS ( Z0 ÷ (RS+R0 +Z0))
This technique draws a fairly high level of DC current and
thus only a single terminated line can be driven by each output
of the MPC93R51 clock driver. For the series terminated case
however there is no DC current draw, thus the outputs can
drive multiple series terminated lines. Figure 6 “Single versus
Dual Transmission Lines” illustrates an output driving a single
series terminated line versus two series terminated lines in
Z0 = 50Ω || 50Ω
RS = 36Ω || 36Ω
R0 = 14Ω
VL = 3.0 ( 25 ÷ (18+17+25)
= 1.31V
At the load end the voltage will double, due to the near unity
parallel. When taken to its extreme the fanout of the reflection coefficient, to 2.6V. It will then increment towards the
MPC93R51 clock driver is effectively doubled due to its capa- quiescent 3.0V in steps separated by one round trip delay (in
bility to drive multiple lines.
this case 4.0ns).
136
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
MPC93R51
ꢐ
ꢏ
ꢏ
ꢓ
ꢓ
ꢒ
ꢰ ꢒ
ꢰ ꢗ
ꢰ ꢒ
ꢰ ꢗ
ꢰ ꢒ
ꢰ ꢗ
ꢒ
uncomfortable with unwanted reflections on the line. To better
match the impedances when driving multiple lines the situation
in Figure 8 “Optimized Dual Line Termination” should be used.
In this case the series terminating resistors are reduced such
that when the parallel combination is added to the output buffer
impedance the line impedance is perfectly matched.
ꢇ ꢢꢨ ꢈ
ꢳ ꢐ ꢰꢚ ꢛꢗ ꢘ
ꢇ ꢢꢨ ꢄ
ꢳ ꢐꢰ ꢛꢐ ꢚꢘ
ꢨ
ꢂ
ꢨ
ꢂ
ꢻ
ꢦ
ꢟꢌ ꢆꢛ ꢐ ꢜꢗ ꢓ
ꢇ ꣁꢉꢌ ꣁꢉ
ꢄ ꣁꢕꢕꢎ ꢜ
ꣂ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢗ
ꢒΩ
ꢒΩ
ꢇ
ꢇ
ꢜ
ꢳ
ꢳ
ꢏ
ꢏ
ꢏΩ
ꢏΩ
ꢖ
ꢖ
2
ꢓꢑΩ
ꢜ
14Ω + 22Ω ꢁ 22Ω = 50Ω ꢁ 50Ω
25Ω = 25Ω
ꢏ
ꢑ
ꢘ
ꢚ
ꢓ
ꢒ
ꢓ
ꢏ
ꢓ
ꢑ
ꢉꢻ ꢟ ꢎ ꢶꢦ ꢖꢹ
Figure 8. Optimized Dual Line Termination
Figure 7. Single versus Dual Waveforms
Since this step is well above the threshold region it will not
cause any false clock triggering, however designers may be
ꢟ
ꢌ ꢆꢛ ꢐ ꢜꢗ ꢓ ꢂꣁ ꢉ
ꢌ ꢢꢩꢤꢞ
ꢀ ꢞꢦꢞ ꢠꢥ ꢨꢫꢠ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒ
Ω
ꣂ ꢳ ꢗ ꢒΩ
ꢇ
ꢇ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒ
W
ꢜ
ꢉ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒΩ
ꢜ ꢳ ꢗ ꢒΩ
ꢉ
ꢅ
ꢉ
ꢅ
ꢉ ꢉ
ꢉ
Figure 9. TCLK MPC93R51 AC test reference for Vcc = 3.3V
ꢟ
ꢌ
ꢆ
ꢛ
ꢐ
ꢜ
ꢗ
ꢓ
ꢂ
ꣁ
ꢉ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒ
Ω
ꢇ
ꢂꢣ ꢪꢪ ꢞꢠꢞ ꢦꢨ ꢣꢥꢩ
ꢌ ꢢꢩꢤꢞ ꢀ ꢞꢦꢞ ꢠꢥ ꢨꢫꢠ
ꣂ
ꢳ
ꢗ
ꢒ
Ω
ꢇ
ꣂ ꢳ ꢗꢒ W
ꢜ
ꢉ
ꢳ ꢗ ꢒΩ
ꢜ
ꢉ
ꢳ ꢗ ꢒΩ
ꢅ
ꢉ
ꢉ
ꢅ
ꢉ
ꢉ
Figure 10. PCLK MPC93R51 AC test reference
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
137
MPC93R51
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢌ
ꢌ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢊ
ꢊ
ꢋ
ꢋ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢉ
ꢆ
ꢊ
ꢋ
B
ꢏ
ꢏ
ꢆ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢟ
ꢜ
ꢅ
ꢆ ꢟ ꢜ
ꢀ
ꢁ
ꢂ
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
B
ꢏ
B
ꢎ ꢧꢨ ꢍꢕꢄ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢎ
ꢧꢨ ꢍꢕ ꢄ
ꢀ
ꢁ
ꢂ
ꢀ ꢁꢂ
ꢨ
∅
ꢶ
ꢹ
ꢨ
∅
ꢶ
ꢹ
2
Figure 11. Propagation delay (tPD, static phase
offset) test reference
Figure 12. Propagation delay (tPD) test reference
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
Bꢏ
ꢆ
B
ꢏ
ꢏ
ꢆ
ꢀ ꢁꢂ
ꢀ
ꢁ
ꢂ
ꢨ
ꢌ
ꢅ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢆ
B
ꢆ
ꢉ
ꢒ
ꢀ ꢁꢂ
ꢀꢁ ꢂ ꢃ ꢅ ꢆ ꢧ ꢈꢇ ꢇꢉ
ꢄ
ꢇ
ꢨ
ꢖ
ꢋ
ꢶ
ꢇ
ꢹ
ꢉ
ꢝ
ꢬ
ꢭ
ꢞ
ꢞ
ꢠ
ꢨ
ꢺ
ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢿ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢪ
ꢠ
ꢫ
ꢞ
ꢥ
ꢿ
ꢲ
ꢤ
ꢨ
ꢷ
ꢥ
ꢝ
ꢯ
ꢭ
ꢞ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢌ
ꢊ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢊ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢫ
ꢦ
ꢷ
ꢞ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢠ
ꢫ
ꢩ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢲ
ꢌ
ꢬ
ꢊ
ꢞ
ꢊ
ꢨ
ꢱ
ꢫ
ꢫ
ꢨ
ꢦ
ꢝ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢫ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢲ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢫ
ꢲ
ꢦ
ꢬ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢠ
ꢫ
ꢤ
ꢩ
ꢺ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢉ
ꢝ
ꢫ
ꢞ
ꢭ
ꢭ
ꢥ
ꢣ
ꢬ
ꢦ
ꢥ
꣄
ꢨ
ꢨ
ꢣ
ꢫ
ꢫ
꣄
ꢦ
ꢭ
ꢲ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢤ
ꢸ
ꢯ
ꢞ
ꢷ
ꢮ
ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢤ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢪ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢥ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢲ
ꢯ
ꢥ
ꢤ
ꢤ
ꢨ
ꢝ
ꢞ
ꢥ
ꢮ
ꢫ
ꢞ
ꢠ
ꢩ
ꢤ
ꢥ
ꢨ
ꢯ
ꢱ
ꢭ
ꢥ
ꢥ
ꢤ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢝ
ꢲ
ꢮ
ꢣ
ꢪ
ꢣ
ꢪ
ꢨ
ꢞ
ꢝ
ꢠ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢥ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢣ
ꣀ
ꢣ
ꢲ
ꢝ
ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢿ
ꢨꢮ
ꢠ
ꢫ
ꢩ
ꢩ
ꢭ
ꢠ
ꢩ
ꢥ
ꢨ
ꢮ
ꢞ
ꢞ
ꢣ
ꢿ
ꢣ
ꢩ
ꢠ
ꢲ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢧ
ꢤ
ꢤ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢠ
ꢱ
ꢦ
ꢨ
ꢥ
ꢬ
ꢤꢣꢦ ꢬꢩꢞ ꢲ ꢞꣀꢣꢱꢞ
Figure 13. Output Duty Cycle (DC)
Figure 14. Output–to–output Skew tSK(O)
ꢆ
ꢂ
ꢆ ꢏ ꢆ
ꢆ
ꢊ ꢋ ꢆ ꢌ ꢄ ꢍ
ꢂ
ꢆ ꢏ ꢈ ꢑ
ꢊ ꢋ ꢆ ꢌ ꢁ ꢁ ꢍ
ꢎ
ꢎ ꢐ ꢈ
ꢎ
ꢇ
ꢉ
ꢉ
ꢁ ꢽ ꢓ
ꢉ
ꢁ
ꢒ
ꢉ
ꢝ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꣀ
ꢫ
ꢥ
ꢿ
ꢠ
ꢣ
ꢥ
ꢤ
ꢨ
ꢥ
ꢣ
ꢫ
ꢿ
ꢦ
ꢭ
ꢣ
ꢩ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢱ
ꢫ
ꢯ
ꢪ
ꢱ
ꢥ
ꢩ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꣅ
ꢨ
ꢥ
ꢣ
ꢿ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢫ
ꢪ
ꢥ
ꢤ
ꢣ
ꢬ
ꢭ
ꢦ
ꢥ
ꢥ
ꢣ
ꢩ
ꢠ
ꢷ
ꢤ
ꢞ
ꢨ
ꢮ
ꢞ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢥ
ꢲ
ꣅ
ꢥ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢨ
ꢱ
ꢯ
ꢱ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢤ
ꢺ
ꢫ
ꣀ
ꢞ
ꢠ
ꢥ
ꢉ
ꢥ
ꢝ
ꢠ
ꢞ
ꢥ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢫ
ꣀ
ꢿ
ꢣ
ꢥ
ꢨ
ꢤ
ꢣ
ꢫ
ꢥ
ꢦ
ꢿ
ꢣ
ꢭ
ꢦ
ꢩ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢯ
ꢫ
ꢱ
ꢪ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢱ
ꢨ
ꢣ
ꢿ
ꢞ
ꢤ
ꢫ
ꢪ
ꢥ
ꢤ
ꢣ
ꢬ
ꢦꢥ
ꢩ
ꢮ
ꢣ
ꢨ
ꢝ
ꢠ
ꢞ
ꢤ
ꢭ
ꢞꢱ
ꢨ
ꢨ
ꢫ
ꢨ
ꢝꢞ
ꢣ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢥ
ꢩ
ꢭ
ꢞꢠ
ꢣ
ꢫ
ꢲ
ꢫ
ꣀꢞ
ꢠ
ꢠ
ꢥ
ꢱ
ꢞ
ꢨ
ꢱ
ꢯ
ꢱ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢦ
ꢲ
ꢯ
ꢱ
ꢩ
ꢞ
Figure 15. Cycle–to–cycle Jitter
Figure 16. Period Jitter
ꢉ ꢆ ꢊꢋ
ꢶ ꢌꢆ ꢊꢋꢹ
ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢳ ꢐ ꢰꢐ ꢅ
ꢆ
ꢏ ꢰ ꢑ
ꢎꢧꢨ ꢍꢕ ꢄ
ꢒ
ꢰ
ꢗ
ꢗ
ꢆ
ꢊ ꢋ ꢆ ꢌ
ꢂ ꢆ ꢏ ꢆ ꢒ ꢓꢔꢕ
ꢇ ꢈ
∅
ꢍ
ꢨ
ꢕ
ꢨ
ꢜ
ꢉ
ꢝ
ꢦ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢲ
ꢫ
ꢞ
ꢿ
ꣀ
ꢣ
ꢤ
ꢥ
ꢥ
ꢨ
ꢣ
ꢫ
ꢦ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢨ
ꢪ
ꢫ
ꢠ
ꢥ
ꢱ
ꢤ
ꢫ
ꢦ
ꢨꢠ
ꢫ
ꢩ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢞ
ꢲ
ꢬ
ꢞ
ꢮ
ꢣ
ꢨꢝ
ꢠ
ꢞ
ꢤ
ꢭ
ꢞ
ꢱ
ꢨ
ꢨ
ꢫ
ꢥ
ꢨ
ꢿ ꢞ
ꢒ
ꢥ
ꢦ
ꢣ
ꢦ
ꢥ
ꢒ
ꢠ
ꢥ
ꢿ
ꢭ
ꢩ
ꢞ
ꢫ
ꢪ
ꢱ
ꢯ
ꢱ
ꢩ
ꢞ
Figure 17. I/O Jitter
Figure 18. Transition Time Test Reference
138
MOTOROLA ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
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