LM35CH [NSC]

Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors; 精密摄氏温度传感器


型号：	LM35CH
厂家：	National Semiconductor
描述：	Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors 精密摄氏温度传感器传感器温度传感器
文件：	总13页 (文件大小：303K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

July 1999

LM35

Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors

hermetic TO-46 transistor packages, while the LM35C,

LM35CA, and LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92

transistor package. The LM35D is also available in an 8-lead

surface mount small outline package and a plastic TO-220

package.

General Description

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature

sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the

Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an

advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in

˚ Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large con-

stant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade

Features

n Calibrated directly in ˚ Celsius (Centigrade)

n Linear + 10.0 mV/˚C scale factor

n 0.5˚C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25˚C)

n Rated for full −55˚ to +150˚C range

n Suitable for remote applications

n Low cost due to wafer-level trimming

n Operates from 4 to 30 volts

scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration

or trimming to provide typical accuracies of

⁄

˚C at room

temperature and

⁄ ˚C over a full −55 to +150˚C tempera-

ture range. Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration

at the wafer level. The LM35’s low output impedance, linear

output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to

readout or control circuitry especially easy. It can be used

with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies.

As it draws only 60 µA from its supply, it has very low

self-heating, less than 0.1˚C in still air. The LM35 is rated to

operate over a −55˚ to +150˚C temperature range, while the

LM35C is rated for a −40˚ to +110˚C range (−10˚ with im-

proved accuracy). The LM35 series is available packaged in

n Less than 60 µA current drain

n Low self-heating, 0.08˚C in still air

n Nonlinearity only

⁄4˚C typical

n Low impedance output, 0.1 Ω for 1 mA load

Typical Applications

DS005516-4

DS005516-3

Choose R

−V /50 µA

+1,500 mV at +150˚C

OUT

FIGURE 1. Basic Centigrade Temperature Sensor

(+2˚C to +150˚C)

+250 mV at +25˚C

−550 mV at −55˚C

FIGURE 2. Full-Range Centigrade Temperature Sensor

TRI-STATE^®is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.

DS005516

www.national.com

Connection Diagrams

TO-46

SO-8

Metal Can Package*

Small Outline Molded Package

DS005516-1

DS005516-21

*Case is connected to negative pin (GND)

N.C. No Connection

Order Number LM35H, LM35AH, LM35CH, LM35CAH or

LM35DH

Top View

Order Number LM35DM

See NS Package Number H03H

See NS Package Number M08A

TO-92

TO-220

Plastic Package

Plastic Package*

DS005516-2

Order Number LM35CZ,

LM35CAZ or LM35DZ

See NS Package Number Z03A

DS005516-24

*Tab is connected to the negative pin (GND).

Note: The LM35DT pinout is different than the discontinued LM35DP.

Order Number LM35DT

See NS Package Number TA03F

www.national.com

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 10)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

TO-92 and TO-220 Package,

(Soldering, 10 seconds)

260˚C

SO Package (Note 12)

Vapor Phase (60 seconds)

Infrared (15 seconds)

215˚C

220˚C

2500V

Supply Voltage

Output Voltage

Output Current

Storage Temp.;

TO-46 Package,

TO-92 Package,

SO-8 Package,

TO-220 Package,

+35V to −0.2V

+6V to −1.0V

10 mA

ESD Susceptibility (Note 11)

Specified Operating Temperature Range: T_MINto T

(Note 2)

MAX

LM35, LM35A

LM35C, LM35CA

LM35D

−55˚C to +150˚C

−40˚C to +110˚C

0˚C to +100˚C

−60˚C to +180˚C

−60˚C to +150˚C

−65˚C to +150˚C

Lead Temp.:

TO-46 Package,

(Soldering, 10 seconds)

300˚C

Electrical Characteristics

(Notes 1, 6)

LM35A

LM35CA

Tested

Limit

Parameter

Conditions

Tested

Limit

Design

Limit

Units

Typical

Limit

Typical

(Max.)

(Note 4)

(Note 5)

(Note 4)

(Note 5)

Accuracy

T _A+25˚C

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.0

˚C

(Note 7)

T _A−10˚C

1.0

T _AT_MAX

1.0

T _AT_MIN

1.5

Nonlinearity

_MIN≤T_A≤T_MAX

0.18

0.35

0.15

0.3

(Note 8)

Sensor Gain

(Average Slope)

Load Regulation

(Note 3) 0≤I_L≤1 mA

Line Regulation

(Note 3)

+10.0

+9.9,

+10.0

+9.9,

mV/˚C

+10.1

T _A+25˚C

0.4

1.0

0.4

1.0

mV/mA

mV/V

µA

_MIN≤T_A≤T_MAX

0.5

3.0

0.1

0.5

3.0

0.1

T _A+25˚C

0.01

0.02

0.05

0.01

0.02

0.05

4V≤V _S≤30V

+5V, +25˚C

Quiescent Current

(Note 9)

V _S+5V

105

56.2

105.5

0.2

131

133

2.0

114

116

2.0

µA

V _S+30V, +25˚C

56.2

91.5

0.2

µA

V _S+30V

µA

Change of

4V≤V_S≤30V, +25˚C

4V≤V _S≤30V

1.0

µA

Quiescent Current

(Note 3)

0.5

µA

Temperature

+0.39

+0.5

+0.39

+0.5

µA/˚C

Coefficient of

Quiescent Current

Minimum Temperature

for Rated Accuracy

Long Term Stability

In circuit of

+1.5

+2.0

+1.5

+2.0

˚C

Figure 1, I_L

0.08

T _JT_MAX, for

1000 hours

0.08

www.national.com

Electrical Characteristics

(Notes 1, 6)

LM35

Tested

Limit

LM35C, LM35D

Tested

Parameter

Conditions

Design

Limit

Design

Limit

Units

Typical

Limit

(Max.)

(Note 4)

(Note 5)

(Note 4)

(Note 5)

Accuracy,

T _A+25˚C

0.4

0.5

0.8

1.0

1.5

0.4

0.5

0.8

0.6

0.9

0.2

1.0

˚C

LM35, LM35C

(Note 7)

T _A−10˚C

1.5

2.0

T _AT_MAX

T _AT_MIN

1.5

Accuracy, LM35D

(Note 7)

T _A+25˚C

1.5

T_AT_MAX

2.0

0.5

T_AT_MIN

Nonlinearity

_MIN≤T_A≤T_MAX

0.3

0.5

(Note 8)

Sensor Gain

(Average Slope)

Load Regulation

(Note 3) 0≤I_L≤1 mA

Line Regulation

(Note 3)

+10.0

+9.8,

+10.0

+9.8,

mV/˚C

+10.2

T _A+25˚C

0.4

2.0

0.1

0.4

2.0

0.1

mV/mA

mV/V

µA

_MIN≤T_A≤T_MAX

0.5

5.0

0.2

0.5

5.0

0.2

T _A+25˚C

0.01

0.02

0.01

0.02

4V≤V _S≤30V

Quiescent Current

(Note 9)

+5V, +25˚C

V _S+5V

105

56.2

105.5

0.2

158

161

3.0

138

141

3.0

µA

V _S+30V, +25˚C

56.2

91.5

0.2

µA

V _S+30V

µA

Change of

4V≤V_S≤30V, +25˚C

4V≤V _S≤30V

2.0

µA

Quiescent Current

(Note 3)

0.5

µA

Temperature

+0.39

+0.7

+0.39

+0.7

µA/˚C

Coefficient of

Quiescent Current

Minimum Temperature

for Rated Accuracy

Long Term Stability

In circuit of

+1.5

+2.0

+1.5

+2.0

˚C

Figure 1, I_L

0.08

T _JT_MAX, for

1000 hours

0.08

Note 1: Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply: −55˚C≤T ≤+150˚C for the LM35 and LM35A; −40˚≤T ≤+110˚C for the LM35C and LM35CA; and

0˚≤T ≤+100˚C for the LM35D. V +5Vdc and I

50 µA, in the circuit of Figure 2. These specifications also apply from +2˚C to T

in the circuit of Figure 1.

MAX

LOAD

Specifications in boldface apply over the full rated temperature range.

Note 2: Thermal resistance of the TO-46 package is 400˚C/W, junction to ambient, and 24˚C/W junction to case. Thermal resistance of the TO-92 package is

180˚C/W junction to ambient. Thermal resistance of the small outline molded package is 220˚C/W junction to ambient. Thermal resistance of the TO-220 package

is 90˚C/W junction to ambient. For additional thermal resistance information see table in the Applications section.

Note 3: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output due to heating effects can be com-

puted by multiplying the internal dissipation by the thermal resistance.

Note 4: Tested Limits are guaranteed and 100% tested in production.

Note 5: Design Limits are guaranteed (but not 100% production tested) over the indicated temperature and supply voltage ranges. These limits are not used to cal-

culate outgoing quality levels.

Note 6: Specifications in boldface apply over the full rated temperature range.

Note 7: Accuracy is defined as the error between the output voltage and 10mv/˚C times the device’s case temperature, at specified conditions of voltage, current,

and temperature (expressed in ˚C).

Note 8: Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of the output-voltage-versus-temperature curve from the best-fit straight line, over the device’s rated temperature

range.

Note 9: Quiescent current is defined in the circuit of Figure 1.

Note 10: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating

the device beyond its rated operating conditions. See Note 1.

Note 11: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor.

Note 12: See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” or the section titled “Surface Mount” found in a current National Semicon-

ductor Linear Data Book for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.

www.national.com

Typical Performance Characteristics

Thermal Resistance

Junction to Air

Thermal Response

in Still Air

Thermal Time Constant

DS005516-26

DS005516-25

DS005516-27

Thermal Response in

Stirred Oil Bath

Minimum Supply

Voltage vs. Temperature

Quiescent Current

vs. Temperature

(In Circuit of Figure 1.)

DS005516-29

DS005516-28

DS005516-30

Quiescent Current

vs. Temperature

(In Circuit of Figure 2.)

Accuracy vs. Temperature

(Guaranteed)

Accuracy vs. Temperature

(Guaranteed)

DS005516-33

DS005516-32

DS005516-31

www.national.com

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Noise Voltage

Start-Up Response

DS005516-34

DS005516-35

The TO-46 metal package can also be soldered to a metal

surface or pipe without damage. Of course, in that case the

V− terminal of the circuit will be grounded to that metal. Alter-

natively, the LM35 can be mounted inside a sealed-end

metal tube, and can then be dipped into a bath or screwed

into a threaded hole in a tank. As with any IC, the LM35 and

accompanying wiring and circuits must be kept insulated and

dry, to avoid leakage and corrosion. This is especially true if

the circuit may operate at cold temperatures where conden-

sation can occur. Printed-circuit coatings and varnishes such

as Humiseal and epoxy paints or dips are often used to in-

sure that moisture cannot corrode the LM35 or its connec-

tions.

Applications

The LM35 can be applied easily in the same way as other

integrated-circuit temperature sensors. It can be glued or ce-

mented to a surface and its temperature will be within about

0.01˚C of the surface temperature.

This presumes that the ambient air temperature is almost the

same as the surface temperature; if the air temperature were

much higher or lower than the surface temperature, the ac-

tual temperature of the LM35 die would be at an intermediate

temperature between the surface temperature and the air

temperature. This is expecially true for the TO-92 plastic

package, where the copper leads are the principal thermal

path to carry heat into the device, so its temperature might

be closer to the air temperature than to the surface tempera-

ture.

These devices are sometimes soldered to

a small

light-weight heat fin, to decrease the thermal time constant

and speed up the response in slowly-moving air. On the

other hand, a small thermal mass may be added to the sen-

sor, to give the steadiest reading despite small deviations in

the air temperature.

To minimize this problem, be sure that the wiring to the

LM35, as it leaves the device, is held at the same tempera-

ture as the surface of interest. The easiest way to do this is

to cover up these wires with a bead of epoxy which will in-

sure that the leads and wires are all at the same temperature

as the surface, and that the LM35 die’s temperature will not

be affected by the air temperature.

Temperature Rise of LM35 Due To Self-heating (Thermal Resistance,θ_JA

)

TO-46,

TO-46*,

TO-92,

TO-92**,

SO-8

SO-8**

TO-220

no heat

sink

small heat fin

no heat

sink

small heat fin

no heat

sink

small heat fin

no heat

sink

Still air

400˚C/W

100˚C/W

50˚C/W

100˚C/W

40˚C/W

30˚C/W

180˚C/W

90˚C/W

45˚C/W

140˚C/W

70˚C/W

40˚C/W

220˚C/W

105˚C/W

110˚C/W

90˚C/W

26˚C/W

Moving air

Still oil

Stirred oil

(Clamped to metal,

Infinite heat sink)

(24˚C/W)

(55˚C/W)

*Wakefield type 201, or 1" disc of 0.020" sheet brass, soldered to case, or similar.

**TO-92 and SO-8 packages glued and leads soldered to 1" square of 1/16" printed circuit board with 2 oz. foil or similar.

www.national.com

Typical Applications

DS005516-19

FIGURE 3. LM35 with Decoupling from Capacitive Load

DS005516-6

FIGURE 6. Two-Wire Remote Temperature Sensor

(Output Referred to Ground)

DS005516-20

FIGURE 4. LM35 with R-C Damper

CAPACITIVE LOADS

Like most micropower circuits, the LM35 has a limited ability

to drive heavy capacitive loads. The LM35 by itself is able to

drive 50 pf without special precautions. If heavier loads are

anticipated, it is easy to isolate or decouple the load with a

resistor; see Figure 3. Or you can improve the tolerance of

capacitance with

a series R-C damper from output to

ground; see Figure 4.

When the LM35 is applied with a 200Ω load resistor as

shown in Figure 5, Figure 6 or Figure 8 it is relatively immune

to wiring capacitance because the capacitance forms a by-

pass from ground to input, not on the output. However, as

with any linear circuit connected to wires in a hostile environ-

ment, its performance can be affected adversely by intense

electromagnetic sources such as relays, radio transmitters,

motors with arcing brushes, SCR transients, etc, as its wiring

can act as a receiving antenna and its internal junctions can

act as rectifiers. For best results in such cases, a bypass ca-

pacitor from V_INto ground and a series R-C damper such as

75Ω in series with 0.2 or 1 µF from output to ground are often

useful. These are shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, and

Figure 16.

DS005516-7

FIGURE 7. Temperature Sensor, Single Supply, −55˚ to

+150˚C

DS005516-8

FIGURE 8. Two-Wire Remote Temperature Sensor

(Output Referred to Ground)

DS005516-5

FIGURE 5. Two-Wire Remote Temperature Sensor

(Grounded Sensor)

DS005516-9

FIGURE 9. 4-To-20 mA Current Source (0˚C to +100˚C)

www.national.com

Typical Applications (Continued)

DS005516-11

FIGURE 11. Centigrade Thermometer (Analog Meter)

DS005516-10

FIGURE 10. Fahrenheit Thermometer

DS005516-12

FIGURE 12. Fahrenheit ThermometerExpanded Scale

Thermometer

(50˚ to 80˚ Fahrenheit, for Example Shown)

DS005516-13

FIGURE 13. Temperature To Digital Converter (Serial Output) (+128˚C Full Scale)

DS005516-14

™

FIGURE 14. Temperature To Digital Converter (Parallel TRI-STATE Outputs for

Standard Data Bus to µP Interface) (128˚C Full Scale)

www.national.com

Typical Applications (Continued)

DS005516-16

or 2 film resistor

Trim R for V 3.075V

Trim R for V 1.955V

Trim R for V 0.075V + 100mV/˚C x T

ambient

Example, V 2.275V at 22˚C

FIGURE 15. Bar-Graph Temperature Display (Dot Mode)

DS005516-15

FIGURE 16. LM35 With Voltage-To-Frequency Converter And Isolated Output

(2˚C to +150˚C; 20 Hz to 1500 Hz)

www.national.com

Block Diagram

DS005516-23

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

TO-46 Metal Can Package (H)

Order Number LM35H, LM35AH, LM35CH,

LM35CAH, or LM35DH

NS Package Number H03H

SO-8 Molded Small Outline Package (M)

Order Number LM35DM

NS Package Number M08A

www.national.com

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

Power Package TO-220 (T)

Order Number LM35DT

NS Package Number TA03F

TO-92 Plastic Package (Z)

Order Number LM35CZ, LM35CAZ or LM35DZ

NS Package Number Z03A

www.national.com

Notes

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT

DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL

COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or

systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant

into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and

whose failure to perform when properly used in

accordance with instructions for use provided in the

labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a

significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life

support device or system whose failure to perform

can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of

the life support device or system, or to affect its

safety or effectiveness.

National Semiconductor

Corporation

Americas

Tel: 1-800-272-9959

Fax: 1-800-737-7018

Email: support@nsc.com

National Semiconductor

Europe

National Semiconductor

Asia Pacific Customer

Response Group

Tel: 65-2544466

Fax: 65-2504466

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Tel: 81-3-5639-7560

Fax: 81-3-5639-7507

Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86

Email: europe.support@nsc.com

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Italiano Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-534 16 80

Email: sea.support@nsc.com

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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

LM35CH [NSC]

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