FSQ100 [ONSEMI]

用于 8W 离线反激转换器的 650V 集成电源开关;
FSQ100
型号: FSQ100
厂家: ONSEMI    ONSEMI
描述:

用于 8W 离线反激转换器的 650V 集成电源开关

开关 电源开关 转换器
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March 2011  
FSQ100  
Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™)  
Features  
Description  
The FSQ100 consists of an integrated Pulse Width  
Modulator (PWM) and SenseFET, specifically designed  
for high-performance, off-line, Switch-Mode Power  
Supplies (SMPS) with minimal external components.  
This device is an integrated high-voltage power  
switching regulator that combines a VDMOS SenseFET  
with a voltage mode PWM control block. The integrated  
PWM controller features include a fixed oscillator,  
Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) protection, Leading  
Edge Blanking (LEB), an optimized gate turn-on/turn-off  
driver, Thermal Shutdown (TSD) protection, and  
temperature-compensated precision-current sources for  
loop compensation and fault protection circuitry.  
. Internal Avalanche-Rugged SenseFET  
. Precision Fixed Operating Frequency: 67KHz  
. Burst-Mode Operation  
. Internal Startup Circuit  
. Pulse-by-Pulse Current Limiting  
. Over-Voltage Protection (OVP)  
. Overload Protection (OLP)  
. Internal Thermal Shutdown Function (TSD)  
. Auto-Restart Mode  
. Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) with Hysteresis  
. Built-in Soft-Start  
. Secondary-Side Regulation  
When compared to a discrete MOSFET and controller or  
RCC solution, the FSQ100 device reduces total  
component count and design size and weight, while  
increasing efficiency, productivity, and system reliability.  
This device provides a basic platform well suited for  
cost-effective flyback converters.  
Applications  
. Charger & Adapter for Mobile Phone, PDA, MP3  
. Auxiliary Power for White Goods, PC, C-TV, Monitor  
Related Application Notes  
. AN-4137 Design Guidelines for Off-line Flyback  
Converters using FPS™  
. AN-4141 Troubleshooting and Design Tips for  
Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) Flyback Applications  
. AN-4147 Design Guidelines for RCD Snubber of  
Flyback  
. AN-4134 Design Guidelines for Off-line Forward  
Converters using FPS™  
. AN-4138 Design Considerations for Battery  
Charger Using Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch  
(FPS™)  
Ordering Information  
Product Number  
Package  
Marking Code  
BVDSS  
fOSC  
RDS(ON)  
FSQ100  
8-DIP  
Q100  
650V  
67KHz  
16  
FPS™ is a trademark of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation.  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
Typical Application  
AC  
IN  
DC  
OUT  
VSTR  
PWM  
VCC  
Drain  
VFB  
GND  
Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application  
Table 1. Output Power Table  
Product  
Open Frame(1)  
230VAC ±15%(2)  
85~265VAC  
FSQ100  
13W  
8W  
Notes:  
1. Maximum practical continuous power in an open-frame design with sufficient drain pattern as a heat sinker, at  
50C ambient.  
2. 230VAC or 100/115VAC with doubler.  
Internal Block Diagram  
VSTR  
Drain  
5
6,7,8  
L
VCC  
2
Internal  
Bias  
Voltage  
Ref  
H
UVLO  
9/7V  
Vck  
Idelay Ifb  
µA  
µA  
400  
5
OSC  
SFET  
DRIVER  
PWM  
S
Q
VFB  
3
R
S/S  
15ms  
BURST  
VBURL  
VBURH  
/
LEB  
ILIM  
NC  
4
OLP  
Rsense  
Reset  
Vth  
S
Q
VSD  
OVP  
R
Min.20V  
TSD  
A/R  
1
GND  
Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
2
Pin Assignments  
Drain  
Drain  
GND  
VCC  
1
2
8
7
6
5
VFB  
NC  
3
4
Drain  
VSTR  
Figure 3. Pin Configuration (Top View)  
Pin Definitions  
Pin #  
Name  
Description  
1
GND  
Ground. SenseFET source terminal on primary-side and internal control ground.  
Positive Supply Voltage Input. Although connected to an auxiliary transformer winding,  
current is supplied from pin 5 (VSTR) via an internal switch during startup (see Figure 2). When  
2
3
VCC  
VCC reaches the UVLO upper threshold (9V), the internal startup switch opens and device power  
is supplied via the auxiliary transformer winding.  
Feedback. Inverting input to the PWM comparator with its normal input level lies between 0.5V  
and 2.5V. It has a 0.4mA current source connected internally, while a capacitor and opto-  
coupler are typically connected externally. A feedback voltage of 4.5V triggers overload  
protection (OLP). There is a time delay while charging external capacitor Cfb from 3V to 4.5V  
using an internal 5µA current source. This time delay prevents false triggering under transient  
conditions, but still allows the protection mechanism to operate in true overload conditions.  
VFB  
4
5
NC  
No Connection.  
Startup. This pin connects directly to the rectified AC line voltage source. At startup, the internal  
switch supplies internal bias and charges an external storage capacitor placed between the VCC  
pin and ground. Once the VCC reaches 9V, the internal switch stops charging the capacitor.  
VSTR  
SenseFET Drain. The drain pins are designed to connect directly to the primary lead of the  
transformer and are capable of switching a maximum of 650V. Minimizing the length of the trace  
connecting these pins to the transformer decreases leakage inductance.  
6,7,8  
Drain  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
3
Absolute Maximum Ratings  
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be  
operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended.  
In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability.  
The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
Symbol  
VDRAIN  
VSTR  
VDG  
Parameter  
Value  
650  
Unit  
V
Drain Pin Voltage  
VSTR Pin Voltage  
Drain-Gate Voltage  
Gate-Source Voltage  
Supply Voltage  
650  
V
650  
V
VGS  
±20  
V
VCC  
20  
V
VFB  
Feedback Voltage Range  
Total Power Dissipation  
-0.3 to VSTOP  
1.40  
V
PD  
W
°C  
°C  
°C  
TJ  
Operating Junction Temperature  
Operating Ambient Temperature  
Storage Temperature  
Internally limited  
-25 to +85  
-55 to +150  
TA  
TSTG  
Notes:  
1. Repetitive rating: Pulse width is limited by maximum junction temperature.  
2. L = 24mH, starting TJ = 25C.  
Thermal Impedance  
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. All items are tested with the JEDEC standards JESD 51-2 and 51-10 (DIP).  
Symbol  
θJA  
Parameter  
Value  
88.84  
13.94  
Unit  
°C/W  
°C/W  
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Impedance(3)  
Junction-to-Case Thermal Impedance(4)  
θJC  
Notes:  
3. Free-standing with no heatsink; without copper clad. Measurement condition; just before junction temperature TJ  
enters into OTP.  
4. Measured on the DRAIN pin close to plastic interface.  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
4
Electrical Characteristics  
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
Symbol  
Parameter  
Conditions  
Min. Typ. Max. Unit  
SenseFET Section  
VDS=650V, VGS=0V  
VDS=520V, VGS=0V, TC=125C  
VGS=10V, ID=0.5A  
25  
µA  
IDSS  
Zero-Gate-Voltage Drain Current  
200  
RDS(ON)  
gfs  
Drain-Source On-State Resistance(5)  
Forward Trans-Conductance  
Input Capacitance  
16  
1.3  
162  
18  
22  
VDS=50V, ID=0.5A  
1.0  
61  
S
CISS  
COSS  
CRSS  
Output Capacitance  
VGS=0V, VDS=25V, f=1MHz  
pF  
Reverse Transfer Capacitance  
3.8  
Control Section  
fOSC  
ΔfOSC  
DMAX  
VSTART  
VSTOP  
IFB  
Switching Frequency  
Switching Frequency Variation(6)  
67  
±5  
67  
9
73  
±10  
74  
kHz  
%
-25°C TA 85°C  
Maximum Duty Cycle  
60  
8
%
VFB=GND  
10  
V
UVLO Threshold Voltage  
VFB=GND  
6
7
8
V
Feedback Source Current  
Internal Soft Start Time  
0V VFB 3V  
0.35  
10  
0.40  
15  
0.45  
20  
mA  
ms  
tS/S  
Burst Mode Section  
VBURH  
0.6  
0.7  
0.55  
150  
0.8  
V
V
TJ=25°C  
VBURL  
Burst Mode Voltage  
0.45  
0.65  
VBUR(HYS)  
Hysteresis  
mV  
Protection Section  
ILIM  
TSD  
Peak Current Limit  
0.475 0.550 0.650  
A
°C  
V
Thermal Shutdown Temperature(7)  
Shutdown Feedback Voltage  
Over-Voltage Protection  
125  
4.0  
20  
4
145  
4.5  
VSD  
5.0  
6
VOVP  
IDELAY  
V
Shutdown Delay Current  
3V VFB VSD  
5
µA  
Total Device Section  
IOP  
Operating Supply Current (8)  
ICH Startup Charging Current  
Notes:  
5. Pulse test: Pulse width 300µs, duty 2%.  
VCC 16V  
1.5  
3.0  
mA  
µA  
VCC=0V , VSTR=50V  
450  
550  
650  
6. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested in EDS (wafer test) process.  
7. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production.  
8. Control part only.  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
5
Typical Performance Characteristics  
These characteristic graphs are normalized at TA = 25°C.  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 4. Over-Voltage Protection (VOVP) vs. TA  
Figure 5.  
Operating Supply Current (IOP) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 6. Start Threshold Voltage (VSTART) vs. TA  
Figure 7.  
Stop Threshold Voltage (VSTOP) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 8. Operating Frequency (fOSC) vs. TA  
Figure 9.  
Maximum Duty Cycle (DMAX) vs. TA  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
6
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)  
These characteristic graphs are normalized at TA = 25°C.  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 10. Peak Current Limit (ILIM) vs. TA  
Figure 11.  
Feedback Source Current (IFB) vs. TA  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
1.15  
1.10  
1.05  
1.00  
0.95  
0.90  
0.85  
-50  
-50  
0
50  
100  
150  
0
50  
100  
150  
Temperature [°C]  
Temperature [°C]  
Figure 12. Shutdown Delay Current (IDELAY) vs. TA  
Figure 13. Shutdown Feedback Voltage (VSD) vs. TA  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
7
Functional Description  
When the shunt regulator reference pin voltage exceeds  
the internal reference voltage of 2.5V, the opto-coupler  
LED current increases, the feedback voltage VFB is  
pulled down, and it reduces the duty cycle. This  
happens when the input voltage increases or the output  
load decreases.  
1. Startup: At startup, the internal high-voltage current  
source supplies the internal bias and charges the  
external VCC capacitor, as shown in Figure 14. When  
VCC reaches 9V, the device starts switching and the  
internal high-voltage current source stops charging the  
capacitor. The device is in normal operation provided  
VCC does not drop below 7V. After startup, the bias is  
supplied from the auxiliary transformer winding.  
OSC  
VCC  
5µA  
Vref  
400µA  
VIN ,dc  
ISTR  
Gate  
driver  
V
V
fb  
O
4
Vstr  
+
Cfb  
R
V
VCC  
L
fb  
KA431  
H
OLP  
VSD  
9V/7V  
Figure 16. PWM and Feedback Circuit  
3. Leading Edge Blanking (LEB): At the instant the  
internal SenseFET is turned on, the primary-side  
capacitance and secondary-side rectifier diode reverse  
recovery typically causes a high-current spike through  
the SenseFET. Excessive voltage across the RSENSE  
resistor lead to incorrect pulse-by-pulse current limit  
protection. To avoid this, a leading edge blanking (LEB)  
circuit disables pulse-by-pulse current-limit protection  
block for a fixed time (tLEB) after the SenseFET turns on.  
Figure 14. Internal Startup Circuit  
Calculating the VCC capacitor is an important step to  
design with the FSQ100. At initial startup, the maximum  
value of start operating current ISTART is about 100µA,  
which supplies current to UVLO and VREF blocks. The  
charging current IVCC of the VCC capacitor is equal to ISTR  
– 100µA. After VCC reaches the UVLO start voltage, only  
the bias winding supplies VCC current to the device.  
When the bias winding voltage is not sufficient, the VCC  
level decreases to the UVLO stop voltage and the  
internal current source is activated again to charge the  
VCC capacitor. To prevent this VCC fluctuation  
(charging/discharging), the VCC capacitor should be  
chosen to have a value between 10µF and 47µF.  
4. Protection Circuit: The FSQ100 has protective  
functions, such as overload protection (OLP), over  
voltage protection (OVP), under-voltage lockout (UVLO),  
and thermal shutdown (TSD). Because these protection  
circuits are fully integrated inside the IC without external  
components, reliability is improved without increasing  
costs. Once a fault condition occurs, switching is  
terminated and the SenseFET remains off. This causes  
VIN ,dc  
ISTR  
VSTR  
VCC to fall. When VCC reaches the UVLO stop voltage  
IVcc = ISTR-ISTART  
IVcc = ISTR-ISTART  
VSTOP (7V), the protection is reset and the internal high-  
voltage current source charges the VCC capacitor via the  
VSTR pin. When VCC reaches the UVLO start voltage  
VSTART (9V), the device resumes normal operation. In  
this manner, the auto-restart can alternately enable and  
disable the switching of the power SenseFET until the  
fault condition is eliminated.  
J-FET  
VCC  
ISTART  
UVLO  
Vref  
VCC  
UVLO  
OSC  
VSTART  
VCC must not drop  
below VSTOP  
5 µA 400µA  
R
GATE  
DRIVER  
S Q  
R
VSTOP  
+
-
Vfb  
Cfb  
Bias winding  
voltage  
4
OLP  
t
S Q  
R
4.5 V  
OLP, TSD  
Protection Block  
RESET  
TSD  
Figure 15. Charging VCC Capacitor through Vstr  
A/R  
2. Feedback Control: The FSQ100 is a voltage mode  
controlled device, as shown in Figure 16. Usually, an  
opto-coupler and shunt regulator, like KA431 are used  
to implement the feedback network. The feedback  
voltage is compared with an internally generated  
sawtooth waveform. This directly controls the duty cycle.  
Figure 17. Protection Block  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
8
4.1 Overload Protection (OLP): Overload is defined as  
the load current exceeding a pre-set level due to an  
unexpected event. In this situation, the protection circuit  
should be activated to protect the SMPS. However,  
even when the SMPS is operating normally, the over  
load protection (OLP) circuit can be activated during the  
load transition. To avoid this undesired operation, the  
OLP circuit is designed to be activated after a specified  
time to determine whether it is a transient situation or a  
true overload situation. If the output consumes more  
than the maximum power determined by ILIM, the output  
voltage (VO) decreases below its rating voltage. This  
reduces the current through the opto-coupler LED,  
which also reduces the opto-coupler transistor current,  
thus increasing the feedback voltage (VFB). If VFB  
exceeds 3V, the feedback input diode is blocked and the  
5µA current source (IDELAY) starts to charge CFB slowly  
up to VCC. In this condition, VFB increases until it reaches  
4.5V, when the switching operation is terminated, as  
shown in Figure 18. The shutdown delay time is the time  
required to charge CFB from 3V to 4.5V with a 5µA  
current source.  
Drain current  
0.55A  
0.31A  
2.14ms  
7steps  
t
Figure 19. Internal Soft-Start  
6. Burst Operation: To minimize the power dissipation  
in standby mode, the FSQ100 enters burst-mode  
operation. As the load decreases, the feedback voltage  
decreases. The device automatically enters burst mode  
when the feedback voltage drops below VBURL (0.55V).  
At this point, switching stops and the output voltages  
start to drop. This causes the feedback voltage to rise.  
Once is passes VBURH (0.70V), switching starts again.  
The feedback voltage falls and the process repeats.  
Burst-mode operation alternately enables and disables  
switching of the power MOSFET to reduce the switching  
loss in standby mode.  
VFB  
Overload Protection  
4.5V  
OSC  
GATE  
DRIVER  
S
R
Q
3V  
5µA  
400µA  
4
on /off  
Vfb  
12 = Cfb×(V( 2 )-V(t1 )) /IDELAY  
0.70 V  
/0.55V  
t1  
t2  
t
Burst Operation Block  
V(t2)V(t1)  
IDELAY  
t12 =Cfb  
;
IDELAY =5µA,V(t1) =3V,V(t2) =4.5V  
Figure 20. Burst Operation Block  
VO  
Figure 18. Overload Protection (OLP)  
set  
VO  
4.2 Thermal Shutdown (TSD): The SenseFET and the  
control IC are integrated, making it easier for the control  
IC to detect the temperature of the SenseFET. When  
the temperature exceeds approximately 145C, thermal  
shutdown is activated.  
V
FB  
0.70V  
0.55V  
5. Soft-Start: The FPS has an internal soft-start circuit  
that slowly increases the feedback voltage, together with  
the SenseFET current, right after it starts. The typical  
soft-start time is 15ms, as shown in Figure 19, where  
progressive increment of the SenseFET current is  
allowed during the startup phase. Soft-start circuit  
progressively increases current limits to establish proper  
working conditions for transformers, inductors,  
capacitors, and switching devices. It also helps to  
prevent transformer saturation and reduces the stress  
on the secondary diode.  
Ids  
Vds  
t
Figure 21. Burst Operation Function  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
9
Application Tips  
1. Methods of Reducing Audible Noise  
Switching mode power converters have electronic and  
magnetic components that generate audible noise when  
the operating frequency is in the range of 20~20,000Hz.  
Even though they operate above 20kHz, they can make  
noise, depending on the load condition. Designers can  
employ several methods to reduce noise.  
Glue or Varnish  
The most common method involves using glue or  
varnish to tighten magnetic components. The motion of  
core, bobbin and coil, and the chattering or  
magnetostriction of core can cause the transformer to  
produce audible noise. The use of rigid glue and varnish  
helps reduce the transformer noise, but can crack the  
core. This is because sudden changes in the ambient  
temperature cause the core and the glue to expand or  
shrink in a different ratio.  
Figure 22. Equal Loudness Curves  
Ceramic Capacitor  
Using a film capacitor instead of a ceramic capacitor as  
a snubber capacitor is another noise-reduction solution.  
Some dielectric materials show a piezoelectric effect,  
depending on the electric field intensity. Hence, a  
snubber capacitor becomes one of the most significant  
sources of audible noise. It is possible to use a Zener  
clamp circuit instead of an RCD snubber for higher  
efficiency as and lower audible noise.  
Adjusting Sound Frequency  
Figure 23. Typical Feedback Network of FPS™  
2. Reference Materials  
Moving the fundamental frequency of noise out of  
2~4kHz range is the third method. Generally, humans  
are more sensitive to noise in the range of 2~4kHz.  
When the fundamental frequency of noise is located in  
this range, the noise is perceived as louder, although  
the noise intensity level is identical (refer to Figure 22  
Equal Loudness Curves).  
AN-4134 Design Guidelines for Off-line Forward  
Converters using FPS™  
AN-4137 Design Guidelines for Off-line Flyback  
Converters using FPS™  
When FPS acts in burst mode and the burst operation is  
suspected to be a source of noise, this method may be  
helpful. If the frequency of burst-mode operation lies in  
the range of 2~4 kHz, adjusting the feedback loop can  
shift the burst operation frequency. To reduce the burst  
operation frequency, increase a feedback gain capacitor  
(CF), opto-coupler supply resistor (RD), and feedback  
capacitor (CB); and decrease a feedback gain resistor  
(RF), as shown in Figure 23.  
AN-4138 Design Considerations for Battery Charger  
Using Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™)  
AN-4140 — Transformer Design Consideration for Off-  
line Flyback Converters Using Fairchild Power Switch  
(FPS™)  
AN-4141 Troubleshooting and Design Tips for  
Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) Flyback Applications  
AN-4147 Design Guidelines for RCD Snubber of  
Flyback  
AN-4148 — Audible Noise Reduction Techniques for  
FPS™Applications  
© 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation  
FSQ100 Rev. 1.0.2  
www.fairchildsemi.com  
10  
9.83  
9.00  
8
5
6.670  
6.096  
1
4
8.255  
7.610  
TOP VIEW  
1.65  
1.27  
(0.56)  
7.62  
3.683  
3.200  
5.08 MAX  
3.60  
3.00  
0.33 MIN  
0.356  
0.200  
15°  
0°  
0.560  
0.355  
2.54  
9.957  
7.870  
7.62  
FRONT VIEW  
SIDE VIEW  
NOTES:  
A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-001, VARIATION BA  
B. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS  
C. DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF BURRS,  
MOLD FLASH, AND TIE BAR EXTRUSIONS  
D. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME  
Y14.5M-2009  
E. DRAWING FILENAME: MKT-N08Frev3  
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