PMC232-S20_技术文档

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced

Field Programmable Processor Array

(FPPA^TM) 8-bit OTP Controller

Data Sheet

Version 1.04 – Dec. 18, 2018

6F-6, No.1, Sec. 3, Gongdao 5th Rd., Hsinchu City 30069, Taiwan, R.O.C.

TEL: 886-3-572-8688  www.padauk.com.tw

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

IMPORTANT NOTICE

PADAUK Technology reserves the right to make changes to its products or to terminate

production of its products at any time without notice. Customers are strongly

recommended to contact PADAUK Technology for the latest information and verify

whether the information is correct and complete before placing orders.

PADAUK Technology products are not warranted to be suitable for use in life-support

applications or other critical applications. PADAUK Technology assumes no liability for

such applications. Critical applications include, but are not limited to, those which may

involve potential risks of death, personal injury, fire or severe property damage.

PADAUK Technology assumes no responsibility for any issue caused by a customer’s

product design. Customers should design and verify their products within the ranges

guaranteed by PADAUK Technology. In order to minimize the risks in customers’ products,

customers should design a product with adequate operating safeguards.

Page 2 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Table of content

1.Features.............................................................................................................................9

1-1.Special Features ....................................................................................................................9

1-2. System Functions ..................................................................................................................9

1-3. High Performance RISC CPU Array.......................................................................................9

1-4. Package Information............................................................................................................10

2. General Description and Block Diagram ......................................................................11

3. Pin Assignment and Description...................................................................................12

4. Device Characteristics ...................................................................................................17

4-1. AC/DC Device Characteristics .............................................................................................17

4-2. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................................................19

4-3. Typical ILRC frequency vs. VDD and temperature...............................................................20

4-4. Typical IHRC frequency deviation vs. VDD and temperature (calibrated to 16MHz).............21

4-5. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = ILRC/n...............................................22

4-6. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = IHRC/n ..............................................22

4-7. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = 4MHz EOSC / n.................................23

4-8. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = 32kHz EOSC / n................................23

4-9. Typical IO driving current (I_OH) and sink current (I_OL)............................................................24

4-10. Typical IO input high/low threshold voltage (V_IH/V_IL)...........................................................24

4-11. Typical resistance of IO pull high device ............................................................................25

4-12. Typical VDD/2 Bias output voltage.....................................................................................25

4-13. Typical power down current (I_PD) and power save current (I_PS)...........................................26

4-14. Timing charts for boot up conditions ..................................................................................27

5. Functional Description...................................................................................................28

5-1. Processing Units..................................................................................................................28

5-1-1. Program Counter .......................................................................................................29

5-1-2. Stack Pointer .............................................................................................................29

5-1-3. Single FPP mode.......................................................................................................30

5-2. Program Memory - OTP.......................................................................................................31

5-2-1. Program Memory Assignment....................................................................................31

5-2-2. Example of Using Program Memory for Two FPP mode............................................32

5-2-3. Example of Using Program Memory for Single FPP mode.........................................32

5-3. Program Structure ...............................................................................................................33

5-3-1. Program structure of two FPP units mode .................................................................33

5-3-2. Program structure of single FPP mode ......................................................................33

5-4. Boot Procedure....................................................................................................................34

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PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-5. Data Memory -- SRAM.........................................................................................................35

5-6. Arithmetic and Logic Unit.....................................................................................................35

5-7. Oscillator and clock..............................................................................................................36

5-7-1. Internal High RC oscillator and Internal Low RC oscillator .........................................36

5-7-2. Chip calibration..........................................................................................................36

5-7-3. IHRC Frequency Calibration and System Clock.........................................................36

5-7-4. External Crystal Oscillator..........................................................................................38

5-7-5. System Clock and LVR level......................................................................................39

5-7-6. System Clock Switching.............................................................................................40

5-8. 16-bit Timer (Timer16) .........................................................................................................41

5-9. 8-bit Timer (Timer2) with PWM generation...........................................................................43

5-9-1. Using the Timer2 to generate periodical waveform ....................................................44

5-9-2. Using the Timer2 to generate 8-bit PWM waveform...................................................46

5-9-3. Using the Timer2 to generate 6-bit PWM waveform...................................................47

5-10. WatchDog Timer................................................................................................................48

5-11. Interrupt .............................................................................................................................49

5-12. Power-Save and Power-Down ...........................................................................................51

5-12-1. Power-Save mode (“stopexe”) .................................................................................51

5-12-2. Power-Down mode (“stopsys”).................................................................................52

5-12-3. Wake-up..................................................................................................................53

5-13. IO Pins...............................................................................................................................54

5-14. Reset and LVR ..................................................................................................................55

5.14.1. Reset .......................................................................................................................55

5.14.2. LVR reset.................................................................................................................55

5-15. VDD/2 bias Voltage Generator...........................................................................................55

5-16. Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) module......................................................................56

5-16-1. The input requirement for AD conversion.................................................................57

5-16-2. Select the ADC bit resolution ...................................................................................58

5-16-3. ADC clock selection.................................................................................................58

5-16-4. AD conversion .........................................................................................................58

5-16-5. Configure the analog pins........................................................................................58

5-16-6. Using the ADC.........................................................................................................59

6. IO Registers ....................................................................................................................60

6-1. ACC Status Flag Register (flag), IO address = 0x00............................................................60

6-2. FPP unit Enable Register (fppen), IO address = 0x01..........................................................60

6-3. Stack Pointer Register (sp), IO address = 0x02 ...................................................................60

6-4. Clock Mode Register (clkmd), IO address = 0x03 ................................................................60

6-5. Interrupt Enable Register (inten), IO address = 0x04 ...........................................................61

Page 4 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-6. Interrupt Request Register (intrq), IO address = 0x05..........................................................61

6-7. Timer16 mode Register (t16m), IO address = 0x06 .............................................................62

6-8. General Data register for IO (gdio), IO address = 0x07........................................................62

6-9. External Oscillator setting Register (eoscr), IO address = 0x0a ...........................................62

6-10. Internal High RC oscillator control Register (ihrcr), IO address = 0x0b...............................63

6-11. Interrupt Edge Select Register (integs), IO address = 0x0c................................................63

6-12. Port A Digital Input Enable Register (padier), IO address = 0x0d.......................................64

6-13. Port B Digital Input Enable Register (pbdier), IO address = 0x0e.......................................64

6-14. Port A Data Register (pa), IO address = 0x10....................................................................64

6-15. Port A Control Register (pac), IO address = 0x11 ..............................................................65

6-16. Port A Pull-up Register (paph), IO address = 0x12 ............................................................65

6-17. Port B Data Register (pb), IO address = 0x14....................................................................65

6-18. Port B Control Register (pbc), IO address = 0x15 ..............................................................65

6-19. Port B Pull-up Register (pbph), IO address = 0x16 ............................................................65

6-20. Port C Data Register (pc), IO address = 0x17....................................................................65

6-21. Port C Control Register (pcc), IO address = 0x18 ..............................................................65

6-22. Port C Pull-up Register (pcph), IO address = 0x19 ............................................................65

6-23. ADC Control Register (adcc), IO address = 0x20...............................................................66

6-24. ADC Mode Register (adcm), IO address = 0x21 ................................................................66

6-25. ADC Result High Register (adcrh), IO address = 0x22.......................................................66

6-26. ADC Result Low Register (adcrl), IO address = 0x23 ........................................................67

6-27. Miscellaneous Register (misc), IO address = 0x3b ............................................................67

6-28. Timer2 Control Register (tm2c), IO address = 0x3c ...........................................................68

6-29. Timer2 Counter Register (tm2ct), IO address = 0x3d.........................................................68

6-30. Timer2 Scalar Register (tm2s), IO address = 0x37 ............................................................68

6-31. Timer2 Bound Register (tm2b), IO address = 0x09............................................................68

7. Instructions.....................................................................................................................69

7-1. Data Transfer Instructions....................................................................................................69

7-2. Arithmetic Operation Instructions.........................................................................................73

7-3. Shift Operation Instructions..................................................................................................75

7-4. Logic Operation Instructions ................................................................................................77

7-5. Bit Operation Instructions.....................................................................................................80

7-6. Conditional Operation Instructions .......................................................................................81

7-7. System control Instructions..................................................................................................83

7-8. Summary of Instructions Execution Cycle............................................................................85

7-9. Summary of affected flags by Instructions............................................................................86

8. Code Options..................................................................................................................87

9. Special Notes..................................................................................................................88

Page 5 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

9-1.Warning................................................................................................................................88

9-2.Using IC ...............................................................................................................................88

9-2-1. IO pin usage and setting...........................................................................................88

9-2-2. Interrupt ....................................................................................................................89

9-2-3. System clock switching.............................................................................................90

9-2-4. Power down mode, wakeup and watchdog ...............................................................90

9-2-5. TIMER time out.........................................................................................................91

9-2-6. Using ADC................................................................................................................91

9-2-7. LVR ..........................................................................................................................92

9-2-8. IHRC.........................................................................................................................92

9-2-9. Program writing.........................................................................................................92

9-3.Using ICE.............................................................................................................................93

9-3-1. Emulating PMC232/PMS232 series IC on ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003 ......................93

9-3-2. Important Notice for ICE operation............................................................................94

Page 6 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Revision History:

Revision

Date

Description

0.01

2015/08/01

1st version

1. Add 1-4. Package Information: PMC232-Y24A

2. Add 3. PMC232-Y24A Pin Assignment and Description

1. Add 8-1. Warning

0.02

0.03

2015/10/30

2017/03/27

2. Add 8-2-8. IHRC Description

1. Updated company address & Tel No.

2. Amend 1-1, 1-2, 1-3

3. Add AVDD and AGND in Chapter 3

4. Amend 4-1 AC/DC Device Characteristics

5. Amend 4-3 to 4-12

6. Add 4-13 Typical power down current (I_PD) and power save current (I_PS)

7. Amend 5-7 Oscillator and clock

8. Amend 5-7-1, 5-7-3, 5-7-4, 5-7-5

9. Amend 5-9 8-bit Timer (Timer2) with PWM generation

10. Amend 5-9-1, 5-9-2

11. Amend 5-11 Interrupt

1.04

2018/12/18

12. Amend 5-12-1, 5-12-2, 5-12-3

13. Amend Table 7: Differences in wake-up sources between Power-Save mode

and Power-Down mode

14. Amend Fig.18: Analog Input Model

15. Amend 6-7, 6-12, 6-13

16. Amend Section 7-8 Summary of Instructions Execution Cycle and delete 9-2-9

17. Add Chapter 8 Special Notes

18. Updated the link in Section 9-1

19. Amend 9-2-1, 9-2-5

20. Add 9-2-9 Program writing

21. Amend 9-3 Using ICE

Page 7 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Major Differences between P232C and PMC232/PMS232

There are many differences between P232C and PMC232/PMS232. The table below only shows the major

differences between them.

Item Function

P232C

12mA@5.0V

PMC232/PMS232

10mA@5.0V

1

2

3

4

5

IO capability

SRAM

200 bytes

160 bytes

Band-gap

LVR

+/- 200mV(@1.20V)

4 levels LVR setting

N/A

+/- 60mV(@1.20V) after calibration

8 levels LVR setting

Yes

Single FPPA mode

LCD Half VDD bias

voltage

6

N/A

Yes

ADC reference high

voltage

7

8

9

VDD and PB1

VDD

ADC resolution

8bit to 12bit selectable

padidr , pbdidr, pcdidr

Only 12bit available.

padier , pbdier

Port digital/analog input

configure registers

IHRC option command

WDT timeout

10

11

12

.ADJUST_OTP_IHRCR

512 ILRC clock cycles

Yes

.ADJUST_IIC

4 selectable periods

N/A

Hardware Comparator

Procedure for converting code from P232C to PMC232/PMS232

Please follow the below steps for converting code from P232C to PMC232/PMS232:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Go through the PMC232/PMS232 datasheet and user guide;

Modify the source code engineering file “.pre”; change “.chip P232CXXX” to “.chip PMC232” or “.chip PMS232”

Press “Build” and then IDE will show some errors and warnings.

Modify the source code correspondingly until all errors have been solved.

Save and build the project files again.

Write to a real chip and test its functions in detail.

Back to the step 3 if necessary.

Contact our FAE at fae@padauk.com.tw if you still have any problems.

Page 8 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

1. Features

1-1. Special Features



PMC232 series:



High EFT series

Operating temperature range: -40°C ~ 85°C



PMS232 series:



General purpose series

Not supposed to use in AC RC step-down powered or high EFT requirement applications.

PADAUK assumes no liability if such kind of applications can not pass the safety regulation tests.

Operating temperature range: -20°C ~ 70°C



1-2. System Functions

 2Kx16 bits OTP program memory for both FPP units

 160 Bytes data RAM for both FPP units

 One hardware 16-bit timer

 Support fast wake-up

 18 IO pins with 10mA driving / sink capability

 Every IO pin can be configured to enable wake-up function

 Band-gap circuit to provide 1.20V reference voltage

 Up to 10-channel 12-bit resolution ADC with 1-channel for internal band-gap reference voltage

 One hardware 8-bit timer with PWM generator

 Provide software configurable LCD driver IO with optional VDD/2 LCD bias voltage

 Provide maximum 4x13 dots LCD display

 Operating voltage range: 2.2V ~ 5.5V

 Clock sources: internal high RC oscillator, internal low RC oscillator and external crystal oscillator

 Eight levels of LVR reset ~ 4.1V, 3.6V, 3.1V, 2.8V, 2.5V, 2.2V, 2.0V, 1.8V

 Two external interrupt pins

1-3. High Performance RISC CPU Array

 Operating modes: Two processing units FPPA^TMmode or Traditional one processing unit mode

 100 powerful instructions

 Most instructions are 1T execution cycle

 Programmable stack pointer to provide adjustable stack level

 Direct and indirect addressing modes for data access. Data memories are available for use as an index pointer of

Indirect addressing mode

 IO space and memory space are independent

 Separated IO and memory space

Page 9 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

1-4. Package Information

 PMC232 series

PMC232 - S14: SOP14 (150mil);

PMC232 - S16A: SOP16 Type A (150mil);

PMC232 - S16B: SOP16 Type B (150mil);

PMC232 - Y24A: SSOP24 (150mil);

PMC232 - S18: SOP18 (300mil);

PMC232 - S20: SOP20 (300mil);

PMC232 - D14: DIP14 (300mil);

PMC232 - D18: DIP18 (300mil);

PMC232 - D20: DIP20 (300mil);

 PMS232 series

PMS232 - S14: SOP14 (150mil);

PMS232 - S16A: SOP16 Type A (150mil) ;

PMS232 - S16B: SOP16 Type B (150mil) ;

PMS232 - S18: SOP18 (300mil) ;

PMS232 - S20: SOP20 (300mil) ;

PMS232 - D14: DIP14 (300mil);

PMS232 - D18: DIP18 (300mil);

PMS232 - D20: DIP20 (300mil);

Page 10 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

2. General Description and Block Diagram

The PMC232/PMS232 family is an ADC-Type of PADAUK’s parallel processing, fully static, OTP-based CMOS

2x8 bit processor array that can execute two peripheral functions in parallel. It employs RISC architecture based

on patent pending FPPA™ (Field Programmable Processor Array) technology and all the instructions are

executed in one cycle except that some instructions are two cycles that handle indirect memory access.

2Kx16 bits OTP program memory and 160 bytes data SRAM are inside for two FPP units using, one up to 10

channels 12-bit ADC is built inside the chip with one channel for internal band-gap reference voltage.

PMC232/PMS232 also provides two hardware timers: one is 16-bit timer and the other one is 8-bit with PWM

generation.

Interrupt

2KW OTP

&

Task

Controller

16-bit Timer

IO Ports

Control

PWM

Function

FPP0

FPP1

160 bytes

SRAM

I²C

Function

SPI

12-bit ADC

&

Function

Band-gap

UART

Function

8-bit

Timer / PWM

Key Scan

Function

POR / LVR

LCD

Function

Watchdog

Timer

Power

management

Page 11 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

3. Pin Assignment and Description

PMC232 series

Page 12 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

PMS232 series

Page 13 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Pin Description

Pin Type &

Pin Name

Description

Buffer Type

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 7 of port A. It can be configured as digital input or two-state output, with pull-up

resistor .

IO

PA7 /

X1

ST /

(2) X1 when crystal oscillator is used.

CMOS

If this pin is used for crystal oscillator, bit 7 of padier register must be programmed “0”

to avoid leakage current. This pin can be used to wake-up system during sleep mode;

however, wake-up function is also disabled if bit 7 of padier register is “0”.

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 6 of port A. It can be configured as digital input or two-state output, with pull-up

resistor .

IO

PA6 /

X2

ST /

(2) X2 when crystal oscillator is used.

CMOS

If this pin is used for crystal oscillator, bit 6 of padier register must be programmed “0”

to avoid leakage current. This pin can be used to wake-up system during sleep mode;

however, wake-up function is also disabled if bit 6 of padier register is “0”.

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 5 of port A. It can be configured as digital input or open-drain output pin.

Please notice that there is no pull-up resistor in this pin.

(2) Hardware reset.

IO (OC)

ST /

PA5 /

RESET#

CMOS

This pin can be used to wake-up system during sleep mode; however, wake-up

function is also disabled if bit 5 of padier register is “0”. Please put 33Ω resistor in

series to have high noise immunity when this pin is in input mode.

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 4 of port A. It can be configured as digital inputor two-state output, with pull-up

resistor by software independently

IO

PA4 /

AD8

ST /

(2) Channel 8 of ADC analog input

CMOS /

Analog

When this pin is configured as analog input, please use bit 4 of register padier to

disable the digital input to prevent current leakage. The bit 4 of padier register can be

set to “0” to disable digital input; wake-up from power-down by toggling this pin is also

disabled.

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 3 of port A. It can be configured as digital inputor two-state output, with pull-up

resistor independently by software

PA3 /

AD7 /

IO

(2) Channel 7 of ADC analog input

ST /

(3) PWM output from Timer2

PWM /

COM3

CMOS /

Analog

(4) COM3 for LCD. It can provide VDD/2 LCD bias voltage.

When this pin is configured as analog input, please use bit 3 of register padier to

disable the digital input to prevent current leakage. The bit 3 of padier register can be

set to “0” to disable digital input; wake-up from power-down by toggling this pin is also

disabled.

Page 14 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Pin Type &

Buffer Type

Pin Name

Description

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 2 of port A. It can be configured as digital input or two-state output, with pull-up

resistor independently by software

PA2 /

PWM /

COM2

IO

ST /

(2) PWM output from Timer2

CMOS

(3) COM2 for LCD. It can provide VDD/2 LCD bias voltage.

The bit 2 of padier register can be set to “0” to disable wake-up from power-down by

toggling this pin.

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 0 of port A. It can be configured as digital input or two-state output, with pull-up

resistor independently by software

PA0 /

INT0 /

COM0

IO

(2) External interrupt line 0. It can be used as an external interrupt line 0. Both rising

edge and falling edge are accepted to request interrupt service and configurable

by register setting.

ST /

CMOS

(3) COM0 for LCD. This pin is also the COM0 from LCD bias voltage generator.

The bit 0 of padier register can be set to “0” to disable wake-up from power-down by

toggling this pin.

PB6 / AD6

PB5 / AD5

PB4 / AD4

PB3 / AD3

PB2 / AD2

The functions of these pins can be:

(1) Bit 6~1 of port B. These six pins can each be configured as analog input, digital

input, and two-state output mode with pull-up resistor independently by software.

(2) Channel 6~1 of ADC analog input.

IO

ST /

CMOS /

Analog

When any of these six pins acts as analog inputs, please use register pbdier to

disable the digital input to prevent current leakage. If the control bit in pbdier register

is set to “0” to disable digital input, wake-up from power-down by toggling the

corresponding pin is also disabled. When using PB2 as ADC input, please add one

0.1uF capacitance on it.

PB1 / AD1

The functions of this pin can be:

(1) Bit 0 of port B. It can be configured as analog input, digital input, and two-state

output mode with pull-up resistor independently by software.

(2) Channel 0 of ADC analog input. When this pin acts as analog input, please use bit

0 of register pbdier to disable the digital input to prevent current leakage.

(3) External interrupt line 1. Both rising edge and falling edge are accepted to request

interrupt service and configurable by register setting.

IO

PB0 /

AD0 /

INT1

ST /

CMOS /

Analog

If bit 0 of pbdier register is set to “0” to disable digital input, wake-up from power-down

by toggling this pin is also disabled.

The functions of this pin can be:

IO

PC5 /

(1) Bit 5 of port C. It can be configured as analog input, digital input, and two-state

output mode with pull-up resistor independently by software.

(2) COM1 for LCD. This pin is also the COM1 for LCD bias voltage generator

ST /

COM1

CMOS

Page 15 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Pin Type &

Buffer Type

Pin Name

Description

IO

PC4

PC1

Bit 4, 1 of port C. These pins can be configured as digital input mode and two-state

output mode with pull-up resistor independently by software.

ST /

CMOS

IO

Bit 0 of port C. It can be configured as analog input, digital input, and two-state output

mode with pull-up resistor independently by software.

PC0

ST /

CMOS

VDD: Digital positive power

VDD /

AVDD

VDD/

AVDD: Analog positive power

AVDD

VDD is the IC power supply while AVDD is the ADC power supply. AVDD and VDD

are double bonding internally and they have the same external pin.

GND: Digital negative power

GND /

AGND

GND /

AGND

AGND: Analog negative power

GND is the IC ground pin while AGND is the ADC ground pin. AGND and GND are

double bonding internally and they have the same external pin.

Notes: IO: Input/Output; ST: Schmitt Trigger input; OC: Open Collector; Analog: Analog input pin;

CMOS: CMOS voltage level

Page 16 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4. Device Characteristics

4-1. AC/DC Device Characteristics

All data are acquired under the conditions of Ta = -40 ^oC ~ 85 ^oC, Vdd=5.0V, f_SYS=2MHz unless noted.

Symbol

Description

Operating Voltage

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

Conditions (Ta=25 ^oC)

* Subject to LVR tolerance

Under_20ms_Vdd_ok**=Y/N

V_DD

2.2

5.0

5.5

V

System clock* =

IHRC/2

0

8M

4M

2M

V_DD≧3.0V

V_DD≧2.5V

V_DD≧2.2V

V_DD= 5.0V

f_SYS

IHRC/4

Hz

IHRC/8

ILRC

24K

1.7

15

mA f_SYS=IHRC/16=1MIPS@5.0V

uA f_SYS=ILRC=12kHz@3.3V

uA f_SYS= 0Hz,VDD=5.0V

uA f_SYS= 0Hz,VDD=3.3V

V_DD=5.0V;

Operating Current

I_OP

I_PD

Power Down Current

1.0

0.5

(by stopsys command)

Power Save Current

I_PS

0.3

mA Band-gap, LVR, IHRC, ILRC,

Timer16 modules are ON.

V

(by stopexe command)

V_IL

V_IH

I_OL

I_OH

V_IN

Input low voltage for IO lines

Input high voltage for IO lines

IO lines sink current

0

0.7 V_DD

7

0.3V_DD

V_DD

13

V

10

-7

mA V_DD=5.0V, V_OL=0.5V

mA V_DD=5.0V, V_OH=4.5V

IO lines drive current

-5

-9

Input voltage

-0.3

V_DD+0.3

1

V

I_{INJ (PIN)}Injected current on pin

mA V_DD+0.3≧V_IN≧ -0.3

62

V_DD=5.0V

KΩ V_DD=3.3V

V_DD=2.2V

R_PH

Pull-up Resistance

100

210

3.86

3.35

2.84

2.61

2.37

2.04

1.86

1.67

4.15

3.60

3.05

2.80

2.55

2.20

2.00

1.80

4.44

3.85

3.26

3.00

2.73

2.35

2.14

1.93

Low Voltage Detect Voltage *

V_LVR

V

(Brown-out voltage)

Band-gap Reference Voltage

(before calibration)

1.11

1.20

1.29

V_DD=5V, 25^oC

V

V_BG

V_DD=2.2V ~ 5.5V,

-40^oC <Ta<85^oC*

-20^oC <Ta<70^oC*

25^oC, V_DD=2.2V~5.5V

V_DD=2.2V~5.5V,

-40^oC <Ta<85^oC*

-20^oC <Ta<70^oC*

Band-gap Reference Voltage *

1.140*

1.145*

15.76*

1.20*

16*

1.260*

1.255*

16.24*

(after calibration)

Frequency of IHRC after

f_IHRC

MHz

calibration *

14.72*

15.04*

16*

17.28*

16.96*

Page 17 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Symbol

Description

Min

20.4*

15.6*

16.8*

10.2*

4.55*

4.90*

30

Typ

24*

12*

7*

Max

27.6*

32.4*

31.2*

13.8*

9.45*

9.10*

Unit

Conditions (Ta=25 ^oC)

V_DD=5.0V, Ta=25^oC

V_DD=5.0V, -40^oC <Ta<85^oC*

V_DD=5.0V, -20^oC <Ta<70^oC*

V_DD=3.3V, Ta=25^oC

V_DD=2.2V, -40^oC <Ta<85^oC*

V_DD=2.2V, -20^oC <Ta<70^oC*

V_DD= 5.0V

f_ILRC

Frequency of ILRC *

KHz

7*

t_INT

V_ADC

V_AD

Interrupt pulse width

ns

V

Supply voltage for workable ADC

AD Input Voltage

2.5

5.0

V_DD

12

0

V

ADrs ADC resolution

bit

0.9

0.8

2

@5V

ADcs ADC current consumption

mA

us

@3V

ADclk ADC clock period

2.5V ~ 5.5V

ADC conversion time

t_ADCONV(T_ADCLKis the period of the selected

AD conversion clock)

17

T_ADCLK12-bit resolution

AD DNL ADC Differential Non-Linearity

AD INL ADC Integral Non-Linearity

ADos ADC offset*

±2*

±4*

3

LSB

mV

PMC232/PMS232 in stop

V_DR

RAM data retention voltage*

1.5

2.5

V

mode.

R_(VDD/2)(VDD/2) pull-up / pull-down resistance

5

10

KΩ

ΔV_(VDD/2)Deviation of (VDD/2) output voltage

±1%

±3%

@V_DD=5V

2408

4096

16384

256

misc[1:0]=00 (default)

misc[1:0]=01

misc[1:0]=10

misc[1:0]=11

t_WDT

Watchdog timeout period

T_ILRC

System wake-up period

Fast wake-up by IO toggle from

STOPEXE suspend

Where T_SYSis the time period

of system clock

128

T_SYS

Since IHRC starts up more

quickly in the beginning, so

Fast wake-up by IO toggle from

STOPSYS suspend, IHRC is the system

clock

T_SYSthe actual wake-up time will be

shorter than standard 128

Sysclk

t_WUP

Fast wake-up by IO toggle from

STOPSYS suspend, ILRC is the system

clock

Where T_SYSis ILRC-based

T_SYS

128

time period of system clock

Normal wake-up from STOPEXE or

STOPSYS suspend

Where T_ILRCis the clock

1024

T_ILRC

period of ILRC

Page 18 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Symbol

t_SBP

Description

Min

Typ

Max

Unit

T_ILRC

us

Conditions (Ta=25 ^oC)

System boot-up period from

power-on

Where T_ILRCis the clock period of

1024

ILRC

t_RST

External reset pulse width

120

@V_DD=5V

*These parameters are for design reference, not tested for each chip.

** Under_20ms_V_DD_Ok is a checking condition for the V_DDrising from 0V to the stated voltage within 20ms.

4-2. Absolute Maximum Ratings



Supply Voltage ………………………….

2.2V ~ 5.5V

Input Voltage ……………………………. -0.3V ~ VDD + 0.3V

Operating Temperature ………………... PMC232 Series: -40°C ~ 85°C

PMS232 Series: -20°C ~ 70°C



Junction Temperature ………………….. 150°C

Storage Temperature …………………… -50°C ~ 125°C

Page 19 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-3. Typical ILRC frequency vs. VDD and temperature

Page 20 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-4. Typical IHRC frequency deviation vs. VDD and temperature (calibrated to 16MHz)

Page 21 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-5. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = ILRC/n

Conditions:

2-FPPA (FPPA0: tog PA0, FPPA1: idle)

ON: ILRC; OFF: Band-gap, LVR, IHRC, EOSC, T16, TM2, ADC modules;

IO: PA0:0.5Hz output toggle and no loading, others: input and no floating

4-6. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = IHRC/n

Conditions:

2-FPPA (FPPA0: tog PA0, FPPA1: idle)

ON: Band-gap, LVR, IHRC; OFF: ILRC, EOSC, T16, TM2, ADC modules;

IO: PA0:0.5Hz output toggle and no loading, others: input and no floating

Page 22 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-7. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = 4MHz EOSC / n

Conditions:

2-FPPA (FPPA0: tog PA0, FPPA1: idle)

ON: EOSC, MISC.6 = 1;

OFF: Band-gap, LVR, IHRC, ILRC, T16, TM2, ADC modules;

IO: PA0:0.5Hz output toggle and no loading, others: input and no floating

4-8. Typical operating current vs. VDD @ system clock = 32kHz EOSC / n

Conditions:

2-FPPA (FPPA0: tog PA0, FPPA1: idle)

ON: EOSC, MISC.6 = 1;

OFF: Band-gap, LVR, IHRC, ILRC, T16, TM2, ADC modules;

IO: PA0:0.5Hz output toggle and no loading, others: input and no floating

Page 23 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-9. Typical IO driving current (I_OH) and sink current (I_OL)

4-10. Typical IO input high/low threshold voltage (V_IH/V_IL)

Page 24 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-11. Typical resistance of IO pull high device

4-12. Typical VDD/2 Bias output voltage

Page 25 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-13. Typical power down current (I_PD) and power save current (I_PS)

Page 26 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

4-14. Timing charts for boot up conditions

LVR level

SBP

VDD

POR

VDD

LVR

t

SBP

t

Program

Execution

Boot up from LVR detection

Boot up from Power-On Reset

VDD

t

SBP

WD

Time Out

Reset#

t

SBP

Program

Execution

Program

Execution

Boot up from Reset Pad reset

Boot up from Watch Dog Time Out

Page 27 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5. Functional Description

5-1. Processing Units

There are two processing units (FPP unit) inside the chip of PMC232/PMS232. In each processing unit, it

includes (i) its own Program Counter to control the program execution sequence (ii) its own Stack Pointer to

store or restore the program counter for program execution (iii) its own accumulator (iv) Status Flag to record

the status of program execution. Each FPP unit has its own program counter and accumulator for program

execution, flag register to record the status, and stack pointer for jump operation. Based on such architecture,

FPP unit can execute its own program independently, thus parallel processing can be expected.

These two FPP units share the same 2k×16 bits OTP program memory, 160 bytes data SRAM and all the IO

ports, these two FPP units are operated at mutual exclusive clock cycles to avoid interference. One task switch

is built inside the chip to decide which FPP unit should be active for the corresponding cycle. The hardware

diagram and basic timing diagram of FPP units are illustrated in Fig. 1. For FPP0 unit, its program will be

executed in sequence every other system clock, shown as (M-1)_th, M_thand (M+1)_thinstructions. For FPP1 unit,

its program will be also executed in sequence every other system clock, shown as (N-1)_th, N_thand (N+1)_th

instructions.

System Clock

FPP0

Program Counter 0

Stack Pointer 0

Accumulator 0

Task Switch

Time

(M-1)_th

M_th

(M+1)_th

2KW OTP

Program

Memory

Flag register 0

FPP0 active

FPP1

Program Counter 1

Stack Pointer 1

Accumulator 1

160 bytes

SRAM

(N-1)_th

N_th

(N+1)_th

IO Port

Flag register 1

FPP1 active

Fig.1: Hardware and Timing Diagram of FPP unit

Each FPP unit has half computing power of whole system; for example, FPP0 and FPP1will be operated at

4MHz if system clock is 8MHz. The FPP unit can be enabled or disabled by programming the FPP unit Enable

Register, only FPP0 is enabled after power-on reset. The system initialization will be started from FPP0 and

FPP1 unit can be enabled by user’s program if necessary. Both FPP0 and FPP1 can be enabled or disabled by

using any one FPP unit.

Page 28 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-1-1. Program Counter

Program Counter (PC) is the unit that contains the address of an instruction to be executed next. The

program counter is automatically incremented at each instruction cycle so that instructions are retrieved

sequentially from the program memory. Certain instructions, such as branches and subroutine calls, interrupt

the sequence by placing a new value in the program counter. The bit length of the program counter is 12 for

PMC232/PMS232. The program counter of FPP0 is 0 after hardware reset and 1 for FPP1. Whenever an

interrupt happens in FPP0, the program counter will jump to ’h10 for interrupt service routine. Each FPP unit

has its own program counter to control the program execution sequence.

5-1-2. Stack Pointer

The stack pointer in each processing unit is used to point the top of the stack area where the local variables

and parameters to subroutines are stored; the stack pointer register (sp) is located in IO address 0x02h. The

bit number of stack pointer is 8 bit; the stack memory cannot be accessed over 160 bytes and should be

defined within 160 bytes from 0x00h address. The stack memory of PMC232/PMS232 for each FPP unit can

be assigned by user via stack pointer register, means that the depth of stack pointer for each FPP unit is

adjustable in order to optimize system performance. The following example shows how to define the stack in

the ASM (assembly language) project:

﹒ROMADR

GOTO

...

0

FPPA0

FPPA1

﹒RAMADR

WORD

...

0

// Address must be less than 0x100

// one WORD

// two WORD

Stack0 [1]

Stack1 [2]

FPPA0:

SP

=

Stack0;

// assign Stack0 for FPPA0,

// one level call because of Stack0[1]

...

call

...

function1

FPPA1:

SP

Stack1;

// assign Stack1 for FPPA1,

// two level call because of Stack1[2]

...

call

...

function2

In Mini-C project, the stack calculation is done by system software, user will not have effort on it, and the

example is shown as below:

void

FPPA0 (void)

{

...

}

Page 29 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

User can check the stack assignment in the window of program disassembling, Fig. 2 shows that the status of

stack before FPP0 execution, system has calculated the required stack space and has reserved for the

program.

Fig.2: Stack Assignment in Mini-C project

5-1-3. Single FPP mode

For traditional MCU user who does not need parallel processing capability, PMC232/PMS232 provides single

FPP mode optional to behave as traditional MCU. After single FPP mode is selected, FPP1 is always disabled

and only FPP0 is active. Fig.3 shows the timing diagram for each FPP unit,. Please notice that wait and delay

instructions are NOT supported when single FPP mode is chosen.

System Clock

FPP0

Task Switch

Program Counter 0

Time

Stack Pointer 0

(M-1)_th

(M+1)

(M+3)_th

_th(M+2)_th

(M+4)_th

M_th

2KW OTP

Program

Memory

Accumulator 0

Flag register 0

FPP0 active

FPP1

160 bytes

SRAM

Program Counter 1

Stack Pointer 1

Accumulator 1

Flag register 1

IO Port

FPP1 is always inactive

Fig.3: Timing Diagram of single FPP mode

Page 30 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-2. Program Memory - OTP

5-2-1. Program Memory Assignment

The OTP (One Time Programmable) program memory is used to store the program instructions to be

executed. All program codes for each FPP unit are stored in this OTP memory for both FPP0 and FPP1. The

OTP program memory may contains the data, tables and interrupt entry. After reset, the initial address for

FPP0 is ‘h0 and ‘h1 for FPP1. The interrupt entry is ‘h10 if used and interrupt function is for FPP0 only, the

last eight addresses are reserved for system using, like checksum, serial number, etc. The OTP program

memory for PMC232/PMS232 is a 2kx16 bit that is partitioned as Table 1. The OTP memory from address

‘h7F8 to ‘h7FF is for system using, address space from ‘h002 to ‘h00F and from ‘h011 to ‘h7F7 are user

program space. The address ‘h001 is the FPP1 initial address for two FPP units mode and user program for

single FPP unit mode.

Address

0x000

0x001

0x002

•

Function

FPP0 reset – goto instruction

FPP1 reset – goto instruction

User program

•

0x00F

0x010

0x011

•

User program

Interrupt entry address

User program

•

0x7F7

0x7F8

•

User program

System Using

•

0x7FF

System Using

Table 1: Program Memory Organization of PMC232/PMS232

Page 31 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-2-2. Example of Using Program Memory for Two FPP mode

Table 2 shows one example of using program memory which two FPP units are active.

Address

Function

000 FPP0 reset – goto instruction (goto

‘h020)

001 Begin of FPP1 program

• •

00F goto ‘h1A1 to continue FPP1 program

010 Interrupt entry address (FPP0 only)

• •

01F End of ISR

020 Begin of FPP0 user program

• •

1A0 End of FPP0 user program

1A1 Continuing FPP1 program

• •

7F7 End of FPP1 program

7F8 System Using

• •

7FF System Using

Table 2: Example of using Program Memory for two FPP units mode

5-2-3. Example of Using Program Memory for Single FPP mode

The entire user’s program memory can be assigned to FPP0 when single FPP mode is selected. Table 3

shows the example of program memory using for single FPP unit mode.

Address

000 FPP0 reset

Function

001 Begin of user program

002 user program

• •

00F goto instruction (goto 0x020)

010 Interrupt entry address

011 ISR

• •

01F End of ISR

020 user program

• •

7F7 user program

7F8 System Using

• •

7FF System Using

Table 3: Example of using Program Memory for single FPP mode

Page 32 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-3. Program Structure

5-3-1. Program structure of two FPP units mode

After power-up, the program starting address of FPP0 is 0x000 and 0x001 for FPP1. The 0x010 is the entry

address of interrupt service routine, which belongs to FPP0 only. The basic firmware structure for

PMC232/PMS232 is shown as Fig. 4, the program codes of two FPP units are placed in one whole program

space. Except for the initial addresses of processing units and entry address of interrupt, the memory location

is not specially specified; the program codes of processing unit can be resided at any location no matter what

the processing unit is. After power-up, the fpp0Boot will be executed first, which will include the system

initialization and other FPP units enabled.

.romadr 0x00

// Program Begin

goto

fpp0Boot;

goto fpp1Boot;

//------Interrpt service Routine-----------------

.romadr 0x010

pushaf ;

t0sn

goto

t0sn

…

intrq.0;

ISR_PA0;

intrq.1;

//PA.0 ISR

//PB.0 ISR

goto

ISR_PB0;

//------End of ISR---------

//------ Begin of FPP0 ----------

fpp0Boot :

//--- Initialize FPP0 SP and so on…

…

fpp0Loop:

…

goto fpp0Loop:

FPP0 function

subroutine

//------ End of FPP0 --------

//------ Begin of FPP1 ----------

fpp1Boot :

//--- Initialize FPP1 SP and so on…

…

FPP1 function

subroutine

fpp1Loop:

…

goto fpp1Loop:

//--------- End of FPP1 --------

Fig.4: Program Structure

5-3-2. Program structure of single FPP mode

After power-up, the program starting address of FPP0 is 0x000, 0x010 is the entry address of interrupt

service routine. For single FPP unit mode, the firmware structure is same as traditional MCU. After power-up,

the program will be executed from address 0x000, then continuing the program sequence.

Page 33 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-4. Boot Procedure

POR (Power-On-Reset) is used to reset PMC232/PMS232 when power up, however, the supply voltage may

be not stable. To ensure the stability of supply voltage after power up, it will wait 1024 ILRC clock cycles before

first instruction being executed, which is t_SBPand shown in the Fig. 5. After boot up procedure, the default

system clock is ILRC; user should ensure that the power should be stable after boot up time.

VDD

t

SBP

POR

Program

Execution

Boot up from Power-On Reset

Fig.5: Power-Up Sequence

Fig. 6 shows the typical program flow after boot up. Please notice that the FPP1 is disabled after reset and

recommend NOT enabling FPP1 before system and FPP0 initialization.

Start

Initialize the system

FPP0

Initialize the I/O

Initialize the shared

Resources

Set the Stack of FPP0

Enable FPP1

FPP0 Firmware

Set the Stack of FPP1

FPP1

FPP1 Firmware

Fig.6: Boot Procedure

Page 34 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-5. Data Memory -- SRAM

Fig. 7 shows the SRAM data memory organization of PMC232/PMS232, all the SRAM data memory could be

accessed by FPP0 and FPP1 directly with 1T clock cycle, the data access can be byte or bit operation.

Besides data storage, the SRAM data memory is also served as data pointer of indirect access method and the

stack memory for all FPP units.

The stack memory for each processing unit should be independent from each other, and defined in the data

memory. The stack pointer is defined in the stack pointer register of each processing unit; the depth of stack

memory of each processing unit is defined by the user. The arrangement of stack memory fully flexible and can

be dynamically adjusted by the user.

For indirect memory access mechanism, the data memory is used as the data pointer to address the data byte.

All the data memory could be the data pointer; it’s quite flexible and useful to do the indirect memory access.

Since the data width is 8-bit, all the 160 bytes data memory of PMC232/PMS232 can be accessed by indirect

access mechanism.

Address

000h

˙

DATA

˙

index

˙

DATA

FPP0

FPP1

˙

FPP0 stack

˙

DATA

˙

FPP1 stack

˙

DATA

˙

9Fh

Fig.7: Data Memory Organization

5-6. Arithmetic and Logic Unit

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is the computation element to operate integer arithmetic, logic, shift and other

specialized operations. The operation data can be from instruction, accumulator or SRAM data memory.

Computation result could be written into accumulator or SRAM. FPP0 and FPP1 will share ALU for its

corresponding operation.

Page 35 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-7. Oscillator and clock

There are three oscillator circuits provided by PMC232/PMS232: external crystal oscillator (EOSC), internal

high RC oscillator (IHRC) and internal low RC oscillator (ILRC), and these three oscillators are enabled or

disabled by registers eoscr.7, clkmd.4 and clkmd.2 independently. User can choose one of these three

oscillators as system clock source and use clkmd register to target the desired frequency as system clock to

meet different application.

Oscillator Module

EOSC

Enable/Disable

eoscr.7

IHRC

clkmd.4

ILRC

clkmd.2

5-7-1. Internal High RC oscillator and Internal Low RC oscillator

After boot-up, the IHRC and ILRC oscillators are enabled. The frequency of IHRC can be calibrated to

eliminate process variation by ihrcr register; normally it is calibrated to 16MHz. The frequency deviation can

be within 1% normally after calibration under the calibrated voltage, however, it still drifts slightly with supply

voltage and operating temperature. Please refer to the measurement chart for IHRC frequency verse VDD

and IHRC frequency verse temperature. The frequency of ILRC will vary by process, supply voltage and

temperature, please refer to DC specification and do not use for accurate timing application.

5-7-2. Chip calibration

The IHRC frequency and band-gap reference voltage may be different chip by chip due to manufacturing

variation, PMC232/PMS232 provide both the IHRC frequency calibration and band-gap calibration to

eliminate this variation, and this function can be selected when compiling user’s program and the command

will be inserted into user’s program automatically. The calibration command is shown as below:

.ADJUST_IC SYSCLK=IHRC/(p1), IHRC=(p2)MHz, VDD=(p3)V, Band-gap=(p4);

Where, p1=2, 4, 8, 16, 32; In order to provide different system clock.

p2=14 ~ 18; In order to calibrate the chip to different frequency, 16MHz is the usually one.

p3=2.5 ~ 5.5; In order to calibrate the chip under different supply voltage.

p4= On or Off; Band-gap calibration is On or Off.

5-7-3. IHRC Frequency Calibration and System Clock

During compiling the user program, the options for IHRC calibration and system clock are shown as Table 4:

SYSCLK

○ Set IHRC / 2

○ Set IHRC / 4

○ Set IHRC / 8

○ Set IHRC / 16

○ Set IHRC / 32

○ Set ILRC

CLKMD

IHRCR

Calibrated

Description

= 34h (IHRC / 2)

= 14h (IHRC / 4)

= 3Ch (IHRC / 8)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=8MHz (IHRC/2)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=4MHz (IHRC/4)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=2MHz (IHRC/8)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=1MHz (IHRC/16)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=0.5MHz (IHRC/32)

IHRC calibrated to 16MHz, CLK=ILRC

= 1Ch (IHRC / 16) Calibrated

= 7Ch (IHRC / 32) Calibrated

= E4h (ILRC / 1)

No change

Calibrated

○ Disable

No Change IHRC not calibrated, CLK not changed, Band-gap OFF

Table 4 : Options for IHRC Frequency Calibration

Page 36 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Usually, .ADJUST_IC will be the first command after boot up, in order to set the target operating frequency

whenever starting the system. The program code for IHRC frequency calibration is executed only one time

that occurs in writing the codes into OTP memory; after then, it will not be executed again. If the different

option for IHRC calibration is chosen, the system status is also different after boot. The following shows the

status of PMC232/PMS232 for different option:

(1) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=IHRC/2, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V, Band-gap=On

After boot up, CLKMD = 0x34：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=5V and IHRC module is enabled

 System CLK = IHRC/2 = 8MHz

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode, BG=1.2V

(2) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=IHRC/4, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=3.3V, Band-gap=On

After boot up, CLKMD = 0x14：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=3.3V and IHRC module is enabled

 System CLK = IHRC/4 = 4MHz

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode, BG=1.2V

(3) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=IHRC/8, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=2.5V, Band-gap=On

After boot up, CLKMD = 0x3C：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=2.5V and IHRC module is enabled

 System CLK = IHRC/8 = 2MHz

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode, BG=1.2V

(4) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=IHRC/16, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=2.5V, Band-gap=On

After boot up, CLKMD = 0x1C：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=2.5V and IHRC module is enabled

 System CLK = IHRC/16 = 1MHz

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode, BG=1.2V

(5) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=IHRC/32, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V, Band-gap=Off

After boot up, CLKMD = 0x7C：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=5V and IHRC module is enabled

 System CLK = IHRC/32 = 500kHz

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode

(6) .ADJUST_IC

SYSCLK=ILRC, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V, Band-gap=Off

After boot up, CLKMD = 0XE4：

 IHRC frequency is calibrated to 16MHz@VDD=5V and IHRC module is disabled

 System CLK = ILRC

 Watchdog timer is disabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is input mode

(7) .ADJUST_IC

DISABLE

After boot up, CLKMD is not changed (Do nothing)：

 IHRC is not calibrated and IHRC module is disabled, Band-gap is not calibrated

 System CLK = ILRC

 Watchdog timer is enabled, ILRC is enabled, PA5 is in input mode,

Page 37 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-7-4. External Crystal Oscillator

If crystal oscillator is used, a crystal or resonator is required between X1 and X2. Fig. 8 shows the hardware

connection under this application; the range of operating frequency of crystal oscillator can be from 32 kHz to

4MHz, depending on the crystal placed on; higher frequency oscillator than 4MHz is NOT supported.

(Select driving current for oscillator)

eoscr[6:5]

(Enable crystal oscillator)

eoscr.7

C1

PA7/X1

System clock = EOSC

PA6/X2

C2

The values of C1 and C2 should depend on

the specification of crystal.

Fig.8: Connection of crystal oscillator

Besides crystal, external capacitor and options of PMC232/PMS232 should be fine tuned in eoscr (0x0a)

register to have good sinusoidal waveform. The eoscr.7 is used to enable crystal oscillator module, eoscr.6

and eoscr.5 are used to set the different driving current to meet the requirement of different frequency of

crystal oscillator:



eoscr.[6:5]=01 : Low driving capability, for lower frequency, ex: 32KHz crystal oscillator

eoscr.[6:5]=10 : Middle driving capability, for middle frequency, ex: 1MHz crystal oscillator

eoscr.[6:5]=11 : High driving capability, for higher frequency, ex: 4MHz crystal oscillator

Table 5 shows the recommended values of C1 and C2 for different crystal oscillator; the measured start-up

time under its corresponding conditions is also shown. Since the crystal or resonator had its own

characteristic, the capacitors and start-up time may be slightly different for different type of crystal or

resonator, please refer to its specification for proper values of C1 and C2.

Measured

Frequency

C1

C2

Conditions

Start-up time

6ms

4MHz

1MHz

32kHz

4.7pF

10pF

22pF

4.7pF

10pF

22pF

(eoscr[6:5]=11, misc.6=0)

(eoscr[6:5]=10, misc.6=0)

(eoscr[6:5]=01, misc.6=0)

11ms

450ms

Table 5: Recommend values of C1 and C2 for crystal and resonator oscillators

When using the crystal oscillator, user must pay attention to the stable time of oscillator after enabling it, the

stable time of oscillator will depend on frequency ` crystal type ` external capacitor and supply voltage. Before

switching the system to the crystal oscillator, user must make sure the oscillator is stable; the reference

program is shown as below:

Page 38 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

void FPPA0 (void)

{

. ADJUST_IC SYSCLK=IHRC/16, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V, Band-gap=On

// If Band-gap is not calibrated, it can use “. ADJUST_IC DISABLE” ...

// EOSCR = 0b110_00000;

$

EOSCR Enable, 4MHz;

T16M EOSC, /1, BIT13;

// T16 receive 2^14=16384 clocks of crystal EOSC,

// Intrq.T16 =>1, crystal EOSC Is stable

WORD

count

=

0;

stt16count;

Intrq.T16 =

0;

wait1

Intrq.T16;

0xB4;

// count from 0x0000 to 0x2000, then set INTRQ.T16

// switch system clock to EOSC;

// disable IHRC

clkmd

=

Clkmd.4 = 0;

...

Please notice that the crystal oscillator should be fully turned off before entering the power-down mode, in

order to avoid unexpected wakeup event. If the 32 KHz crystal oscillator is used and extremely low operating

current is required, misc.6 can be set to reduce current after crystal oscillator is running normally.

5-7-5. System Clock and LVR level

The clock source of system clock comes from EOSC, IHRC and ILRC, the hardware diagram of system clock

in the PMC232/PMS232 is shown as Fig. 9.

clkmd[7:5]

÷2, ÷4, ÷6,

IHRC

clock

÷8, ÷16, ÷32, ÷64

System

clock

CLK

M

U

X

EOSC

clock

÷1, ÷2, ÷4, ÷8

ILRC

÷1 (default), ÷4

clock

Fig.9: Options of System Clock

User can choose different operating system clock depends on its requirement; the selected operating system

clock should be combined with supply voltage and LVR level to make system stable. The LVR level will be

selected during compilation, and the lowest LVR levels can be chosen for different operating frequencies.

Please refer to Section 4.1.

Page 39 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-7-6. System Clock Switching

After IHRC calibration, user may want to switch system clock to a new frequency or may switch system clock

at any time to optimize the system performance and power consumption. Basically, the system clock of

PMC232/PMS232 can be switched among IHRC, ILRC and EOSC by setting the clkmd register at any time;

system clock will be the new one after writing to clkmd register immediately. Please notice that the original

clock module can NOT be turned off at the same time as writing command to clkmd register. The examples

are shown as below and more information about clock switching, please refer to the “Help -> Application Note

-> CLKMD”.

Case 1: Switching system clock from ILRC to IHRC/2

…

//

system clock is ILRC

CLKMD

CLKMD.2

…

=

0x34；

0；

switch to IHRC/2，ILRC CAN NOT be disabled here

ILRC CAN be disabled at this time

Case 2: Switching system clock from ILRC to EOSC

…

//

system clock is ILRC

CLKMD

CLKMD.2

…

=

0xA6； //

switch to IHRC，ILRC CAN NOT be disabled here

ILRC CAN be disabled at this time

0；

//

Case 3: Switching system clock from IHRC/2 to ILRC

…

//

system clock is IHRC/2

CLKMD

CLKMD.4

…

=

0xF4；

0；

switch to ILRC，IHRC CAN NOT be disabled here

IHRC CAN be disabled at this time

Case 4: Switching system clock from IHRC/2 to EOSC

…

//

system clock is IHRC/2

CLKMD

CLKMD.4

…

=

0XB0； //

switch to EOSC，IHRC CAN NOT be disabled here

IHRC CAN be disabled at this time

0；

//

Case 5: Switching system clock from IHRC/2 to IHRC/4

…

//

system clock is IHRC/2, ILRC is enabled here

switch to IHRC/4

CLKMD

…

=

0X14； //

Case 6: System may hang if it is to switch clock and turn off original oscillator at the same time

…

//

system clock is ILRC

CLKMD

=

0x30；

CAN NOT switch clock from ILRC to IHRC/2 and

turn off ILRC oscillator at the same time

Page 40 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-8. 16-bit Timer (Timer16)

A 16-bit hardware timer (Timer16) is implemented in the PMC232/PMS232, the clock sources of Timer16 may

come from system clock (CLK), clock of external crystal oscillator (EOSC), internal high RC oscillator (IHRC),

internal low RC oscillator (ILRC) and PA0, a multiplex is used to select clock output for the clock source.

Before sending clock to the counter16, a pre-scaling logic with divided-by-1, 4, 16, and 64 is used for wide

range counting. The 16-bit counter performs up-counting operation only, the counter initial values can be

stored from memory by stt16 instruction and the counting values can be loaded to memory by ldt16 instruction.

A selector is used to select the interrupt condition of Timer16, whenever overflow occurs, the Timer16 interrupt

can be triggered. The hardware diagram of Timer16 is shown as Fig. 10. The interrupt source of Timer16

comes from one of bit 8 to 15 of 16-bit counter, and the interrupt type can be rising edge trigger or falling edge

trigger which is specified in the bit 5 of integs register (IO address 0x0C).

stt16 command

DATA Memory

t16m[7:5]

t16m[4:3]

ldt16 command

CLK

M

U

X

Pre-

scalar

÷

1, 4,

16, 64

16-bit

up

counter

Bit[15:0]

IHRC

EOSC

ILRC

Data Bus

PA0↓

Bit[15:8]

M

U

X

To set

interrupt

request flag

or

t16m[2:0]

integs.4

Fig.10: Hardware diagram of Timer16

When using the Timer16, the syntax for Timer16 has been defined in the .INC file. There are three

parameters to define the Timer16; 1^stparameter is used to define the clock source of Timer16, 2^ndparameter

is used to define the pre-scalar and the last one is to define the interrupt source. The detail description is

shown as below:

T16M

$ 7~5:

IO_RW

0x06

STOP, SYSCLK, X, X, IHRC, EOSC, ILRC, PA0_F

/1, /4, /16, /64

// 1^stpar.

// 2^ndpar.

// 3^rdpar.

$ 4~3:

$ 2~0:

BIT8, BIT9, BIT10, BIT11, BIT12, BIT13, BIT14, BIT15

Page 41 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

User can define the parameters of T16M based on system requirement, some examples are shown below

and more examples can refer to “Help  Application Note  IC Introduction  Register Introduction  T16M”

in IDE utility.

$

T16M

SYSCLK, /64, BIT15;

// choose (SYSCLK/64) as clock source, every 2^16 clock to set INTRQ.2=1

// if using System Clock = IHRC / 2 = 8 MHz

// SYSCLK/64 = 8 MHz/64 = 125kHz, about every 512 mS to generate INTRQ.2=1

$

T16M

EOSC, /1, BIT13;

// choose (EOSC/1) as clock source, every 2^14 clocks to generate INTRQ.2=1

// if EOSC=32768 Hz, 32768 Hz/(2^14) = 2Hz, every 0.5S to generate INTRQ.2=1

T16M

PA0_F, /1, BIT8;

// choose PA0 as clock source, every 2^9 to generate INTRQ.2=1

// receiving every 512 times PA0 to generate INTRQ.2=1

T16M

STOP;

// stop Timer16 counting

If Timer16 is operated at free running, the frequency of interrupt can be described as below:

F_{INTRQ_T16M}= F_{clock source}÷ P ÷ 2ⁿ⁺¹

Where, F is the frequency of selected clock source to Timer16;

P is the selection of t16m [4:3]; (1, 4, 16, 64)

N is the n^thbit selected to request interrupt service, for example: n=10 if bit 10 is selected.

Page 42 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-9. 8-bit Timer (Timer2) with PWM generation

An 8-bit hardware timer (Timer2) with PWM generation is implemented in the PMC232/PMS232, please refer

to Fig. 10 shown its hardware diagram, the clock sources of Timer2 may come from system clock, internal high

RC oscillator (IHRC), internal low RC oscillator (ILRC), PA0, PA3 and PA4, bit [7:4] of register tm2c are used to

select the clock of Timer2. Please notice that external crystal oscillator is NOT to be the clock of Timer2

because of possible clock glitch. If IHRC is selected for Timer2 clock source, the clock sent to Timer2 will keep

running when using ICE in halt state. According to the setting of register tm2c[3:2], Timer2 output can be

selectively output to PA2 or PA3. At this point, regardless of whether PA2 or PA3 is the input or output state,

Timer2 signal will be forced to output. A clock pre-scaling module is provided with divided-by-1, 4, 16, and 64

options, controlled by bit [6:5] of tm2s register; one scaling module with divided-by-1~31 is also provided and

controlled by bit [4:0] of tm2s register. In conjunction of pre-scaling function and scaling function, the frequency

of Timer2 clock (TM2_CLK) can be wide range and flexible. TM2_CLK can be selected as system clock in

order to provide special frequency of system clock, please refer to clkmd register.

The Timer2 counter performs 8-bit up-counting operation only; the counter values can be set or read back by

tm2ct register. The 8-bit counter will be clear to zero automatically when its values reach for upper bound

register, the upper bound register is used to define the period of timer or duty of PWM. There are two operating

modes for Timer2: period mode and PWM mode; period mode is used to generate periodical output waveform

or interrupt event; PWM mode is used to generate PWM output waveform with optional 6-bit or 8-bit PWM

resolution, Fig. 11 shows the timing diagram of Timer2 for both period mode and PWM mode.

TM2_CLK

tm2s.7

tm2s[6:5] tm2s[4:0]

tm2c[7:4]

tm2c.1

edge to

interrupt

CLK,

IHRC,

ILRC,

PA0,

M

U

X

Pre-

scalar

÷

1, 4,

16, 64

Scalar

8-bit

up

counter

tm2ct[7:0]

÷

~PA0,

PA3,

1 ~ 31

X

O

R

D

E

M

U

X

~PA3,

PA4,

~PA4

PA2

PA3

upper

bound

register

tm2c.0

tm2b[7:0]

tm2c[3:2]

Fig.11: Timer2 hardware diagram

Page 43 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Time out and

Interrupt request

Counter

0xFF

bound

Counter

0xFF

Counter

0x3F

bound

Time

Event Trigger

Output-pin

Time

Mode 0 – Period Mode

Mode 1 – 8-bit PWM Mode

Mode 1 – 6-bit PWM Mode

Fig.12: Timing diagram of Timer2 in period mode and PWM mode (tm2c.1=1)

5-9-1. Using the Timer2 to generate periodical waveform

If periodical mode is selected, the duty cycle of output is always 50%; its frequency can be summarized as

below:

Frequency of Output = Y ÷ [2 × (K+1) × S1 × (S2+1) ]

Where,

Y = tm2c[7:4] : frequency of selected clock source

K = tm2b[7:0] : bound register in decimal

S1 = tm2s[6:5] : pre-scalar (1, 4, 16, 64)

S2 = tm2s[4:0] : scalar register in decimal (1 ~ 31)

Example 1:

tm2c = 0b0001_1000, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0111_1111, K=127

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ [ 2 × (127＋1) × 1 × (0＋1) ] = 31.25kHz

Example 2:

tm2c = 0b0001_1000, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0111_1111, K=127

tm2s[7:0] = 0b0_11_11111, S1=64 , S2 = 31

 frequency = 8MHz ÷ ( 2 × (127＋1) × 64 × (31＋1) ) =15.25Hz

Page 44 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Example 3:

tm2c = 0b0001_1000, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0000_1111, K=15

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency = 8MHz ÷ ( 2 × (15＋1) × 1 × (0＋1) ) = 250kHz

Example 4:

tm2c = 0b0001_1000, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0000_0001, K=1

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency = 8MHz ÷ ( 2 × (1＋1) × 1 × (0＋1) ) =2MHz

The sample program for using the Timer2 to generate periodical waveform from PA2 is shown as below:

void FPPA0 (void)

{

. ADJUST_IC

…

SYSCLK=IHRC/2, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V

tm2ct = 0x00;

tm2b = 0x7f;

tm2s = 0b0_00_00001;

//

8-bit PWM, pre-scalar = 1, scalar = 2

tm2c = 0b0001_01_0_0;

//

system clock, output=PA2, period mode

while(1)

{

nop;

}

Page 45 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-9-2. Using the Timer2 to generate 8-bit PWM waveform

If 8-bit PWM mode is selected, it should set tm2c[1]=1 and tm2s[7]=0, the frequency and duty cycle of output

waveform can be summarized as below:

Frequency of Output = Y ÷ [256 × S1 × (S2+1) ]

Duty of Output = [( K＋1 ) ÷ 256]×100%

Where, Y = tm2c[7:4] : frequency of selected clock source

K = tm2b[7:0] : bound register in decimal

S1= tm2s[6:5] : pre-scalar (1, 4, 16, 64)

S2 = tm2s[4:0] : scalar register in decimal (1 ~ 31)

Example 1:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0111_1111, K=127

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 256 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 31.25kHz

 duty of output = [(127+1) ÷ 256] × 100% = 50%

Example 2:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0111_1111, K=127

tm2s = 0b0_11_11111, S1=64, S2=31

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 256 × 64 × (31+1) ) = 15.25Hz

 duty of output = [(127+1) ÷ 256] × 100% = 50%

Example 3:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b1111_1111, K=255

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 256 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 31.25kHz

 duty of output = [(255+1) ÷ 256] × 100% = 100%

Example 4:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0000_1001, K = 9

tm2s = 0b0_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 256 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 31.25kHz

 duty of output = [(9+1) ÷ 256] × 100% = 3.9%

Page 46 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

The sample program for using the Timer2 to generate PWM waveform from PA2 is shown as below:

void

{

FPPA0 (void)

.ADJUST_IC SYSCLK=IHRC/2, IHRC=16MHz, VDD=5V

wdreset;

tm2ct = 0x00;

tm2b = 0x7f;

tm2s = 0b0_00_00001;

//

8-bit PWM, pre-scalar = 1, scalar = 2

system clock, output=PA2, PWM mode

tm2c = 0b0001_01_1_0;

while(1)

{

nop;

}

5-9-3. Using the Timer2 to generate 6-bit PWM waveform

If 6-bit PWM mode is selected, it should set tm2c[1]=1 and tm2s[7]=1, the frequency and duty cycle of output

waveform can be summarized as below:

Frequency of Output = Y ÷ [64 × S1 × (S2+1) ]

Duty of Output = [( K＋1 ) ÷ 64] × 100%

Where, tm2c[7:4] = Y : frequency of selected clock source

tm2b[7:0] = K : bound register in decimal

tm2s[6:5] = S1 : pre-scalar (1, 4, 16, 64)

tm2s[4:0] = S2 : scalar register in decimal (1 ~ 31)

Example 1:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0001_1111, K=31

tm2s = 0b1_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 64 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 125kHz

 duty = [(31+1) ÷ 64] × 100% = 50%

Example 2:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0001_1111, K=31

tm2s = 0b1_11_11111, S1=64, S2=31

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 64 × 64 × (31+1) ) = 61.03 Hz

 duty of output = [(31+1) ÷ 64] × 100% = 50%

Page 47 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Example 3:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0011_1111, K=63

tm2s = 0b1_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency of output = 8MHz ÷ ( 64 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 125kHz

 duty of output = [(63+1) ÷ 64] × 100% = 100%

Example 4:

tm2c = 0b0001_1010, Y=8MHz

tm2b = 0b0000_0000, K=0

tm2s = 0b1_00_00000, S1=1, S2=0

 frequency = 8MHz ÷ ( 64 × 1 × (0+1) ) = 125kHz

 duty = [(0+1) ÷ 64] × 100% =1.5%

5-10. WatchDog Timer

The watchdog timer (WDT) is a counter with clock coming from ILRC and there are four different timeout

periods of watchdog timer can be chosen by setting the misc register, it is:

 256 ILRC clocks period if register misc[1:0]=11

 2048 ILRC clocks period if register misc[1:0]=00 (default)

 4096 ILRC clocks period if register misc[1:0]=01

 16384 ILRC clocks period if register misc[1:0]=10

The frequency of ILRC may drift a lot due to the variation of manufacture, supply voltage and temperature;

user should reserve guard band for save operation. WDT can be cleared by power-on-reset or by command

wdreset at any time. When WDT is timeout, PMC232/PMS232 will be reset to restart the program execution.

The relative timing diagram of watchdog timer is shown as Fig. 13.

VDD

t

SBP

WD

Time Out

Program

Execution

Watch Dog Time Out Sequence

Fig.13: Sequence of Watch Dog Time Out

Page 48 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-11. Interrupt

There are five interrupt lines for PMC232/PMS232:



External interrupt PA0

External interrupt PB0

ADC interrupt

Timer16 interrupt

Timer2 interrupt

Every interrupt request line has its own corresponding interrupt control bit to enable or disable it; the hardware

diagram of interrupt function is shown as Fig. 14. All the interrupt request flags are set by hardware and

cleared by writing intrq register. When the request flags are set, it can be rising edge, falling edge or both,

depending on the setting of register integs. All the interrupt request lines are also controlled by engint

instruction (enable global interrupt) to enable interrupt operation and disgint instruction (disable global

interrupt) to disable it. Only FPP0 can accept the interrupt request, other FPP unit will not be interfered by

interrupt.

The stack memory for interrupt is shared with data memory and its address is specified by stack register sp.

Since the program counter is 16 bits width, the bit 0 of stack register sp should be kept 0. Moreover, user can

use pushaf / popaf instructions to store or restore the values of ACC and flag register to / from stack

memory. Since the stack memory is shared with data memory, user should manipulate the memory using

carefully. By adjusting the memory location of stack point, the depth of stack pointer for every FPP unit could

be fully specified by user to achieve maximum flexibility of system.

Inten.6

Timer2

Intrq.6

Inten.3

Intrq.3

Inten.2

Intrq.2

Inten.1

Intrq.1

Inten.0

Intrq.0

detect

event

output

Interrupt

to FPP0

ADC output

detect

event

detect

rising

edge

detect

both

edges

detect

both

T16 output

PB0

engint / disgint

Note: “engint” and

“disgint” are instructions

PA0

edges

Fig.14: Hardware diagram of interrupt controller

Once the interrupt occurs, its operation will be:

 The program counter will be stored automatically to the stack memory specified by register sp.

 New sp will be updated to sp+2.

 Global interrupt will be disabled automatically.

 The next instruction will be fetched from address 0x010.

During the interrupt service routine, the interrupt source can be determined by reading the intrq register.

Page 49 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Note: Even if INTEN=0, INTRQ will be still triggered by the interrupt source.

After finishing the interrupt service routine and issuing the reti instruction to return back, its operation will be:

 The program counter will be restored automatically from the stack memory specified by register sp.

 New sp will be updated to sp-2.

 Global interrupt will be enabled automatically.

The next instruction will be the original one before interrupt.

User must reserve enough stack memory for interrupt, two bytes stack memory for one level interrupt and four

bytes for two levels interrupt. For interrupt operation, the following sample program shows how to handle the

interrupt, noticing that it needs four bytes stack memory to handle interrupt and pushaf.

void

{

FPPA0

(void)

...

$

INTEN PA0;

// INTEN =1; interrupt request when PA0 level changed

INTRQ

ENGINT

...

=

0;

// clear INTRQ

// global interrupt enable

DISGINT

...

// global interrupt disable

}

void Interrupt (void)

// interrupt service routine

{

PUSHAF

// store ALU and FLAG register

// If INTEN.PA0 will be opened and closed dynamically,

// user can judge whether INTEN.PA0 =1 or not.

// Example: If (INTEN.PA0 && INTRQ.PA0) {…}

// If INTEN.PA0 is always enable,

// user can omit the INTEN.PA0 judgement to speed up interrupt service routine.

If (INTRQ.PA0)

{

// Here for PA0 interrupt service routine

INTRQ.PA0 = 0;

...

// Delete corresponding bit (take PA0 for example)

}

...

// X : INTRQ = 0;

// It is not recommended to use INTRQ = 0 to clear all at the end of

// the interrupt service routine.

// It may accidentally clear out the interrupts that have just occurred

// and are not yet processed.

POPAF

// restore ALU and FLAG register

}

Page 50 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-12. Power-Save and Power-Down

There are three operational modes defined by hardware: ON mode, Power-Save mode and Power-Down

modes. ON mode is the state of normal operation with all functions ON, Power-save mode (“stopexe”) is the

state to reduce operating current and CPU keeps ready to continue, Power-Down mode (“stopsys”) is used

to save power deeply. Therefore, Power-save mode is used in the system which needs low operating power

with wake-up occasionally and Power-Down mode is used in the system which needs power down deeply

with seldom wake-up. Table 6 shows the differences in oscillator modules between Power-Save mode

(“stopexe”) and Power-Down mode (“stopsys”).

Differences in oscillator modules between STOPSYS and STOPEXE

IHRC

Stop

ILRC

Stop

EOSC

Stop

STOPSYS

STOPEXE

No Change

Table 6: Differences in oscillator modules between STOPSYS and STOPEXE

5-12-1. Power-Save mode (“stopexe”)

Using “stopexe” instruction to enter the Power-Save mode, only system clock is disabled, remaining all the

oscillator modules active. For CPU, it stops executing; however, for Timer16, counter keep counting if its

clock source is not the system clock. The wake-up sources for “stopexe” can be IO-toggle or Timer16

counts to the set values when clock sources of Timer16 come from IHRC, ILRC or EOSC modules.

Wake-up from input pins can be considered as a continuation of normal execution, the detail information for

Power-Save mode shows below:



IHRC and EOSC oscillator modules: No change, keep active if it was enabled

ILRC oscillator modules: must remain enabled, need to start with ILRC when be wakening up

System clock: Disable, therefore, CPU stops execution

OTP memory is turned off

T16/ T2: Stop counting if system clock is selected or the corresponding oscillator module is disabled;

otherwise, it keeps counting.



Wake-up sources: IO toggle in digital mode (PxDIER bit is 1) or Timer16 or Timer2.

The watchdog timer must be disabled before issuing the “stopexe” command, the example is shown as

below:

CLKMD.En_WatchDog

stopexe;

=

0;

// disable watchdog timer

// power saving

….

Wdreset;

CLKMD.En_WatchDog

=

1;

// enable watchdog timer

Another example shows how to use Timer16 to wake-up from “stopexe”:

$ T16M IHRC, /1, BIT8

…

// Timer16 setting

WORD

STT16

count

count;

=

0;

stopexe;

…

The initial counting value of Timer16 is zero and the system will be waken up after the Timer16 counts 256

IHRC clocks.

Page 51 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-12-2. Power-Down mode (“stopsys”)

Power-Down mode is the state of deeply power-saving with turning off all the oscillator modules. By using

the “stopsys” instruction, this chip will be put on Power-Down mode directly. The internal low frequency RC

oscillator must be enabled before entering the Power-Down mode, means that bit 2 of register clkmd (0x03)

must be set to high before issuing “stopsys” command in order to resume the system when wakeup. The

following shows the internal status of PMC232/PMS232 detail when “stopsys” command is issued:



All the oscillator modules are turned off

Enable internal low RC oscillator (set bit 2 of register clkmd)

OTP memory is turned off

The contents of SRAM and registers remain unchanged

Wake-up sources: IO toggle in digital mode (PxDIER bit is 1)

Wake-up from input pins can be considered as a continuation of normal execution. To minimize power

consumption, all the I/O pins should be carefully manipulated before entering power-down mode. The

reference sample program for power down is shown as below:

CMKMD

=

0xF4;

0;

//

Change clock from IHRC to ILRC

disable IHRC

CLKMD.4 =

…

while (1)

{

STOPSYS;

if (…) break;

//

enter power-down

if wakeup happen and check OK, then return to high speed,

else stay in power-down mode again.

}

CLKMD

=

0x34;

//

Change clock from ILRC to IHRC/2

Page 52 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-12-3. Wake-up

After entering the Power-Down or Power-Save modes, the PMC232/PMS232 can be resumed to normal

operation by toggling IO pins, Timer interrupt is available for Power-Save mode ONLY. Table 7 shows the

differences in wake-up sources between STOPSYS and STOPEXE.

Differences in wake-up sources between STOPSYS and STOPEXE

IO Toggle

Yes

Timer Interrupt

STOPSYS

STOPEXE

No

Yes

Table 7: Differences in wake-up sources between Power-Save mode and Power-Down mode

When using the IO pins to wake-up the PMC232/PMS232, registers padier and pbdier should be properly

set to enable the wake-up function for every corresponding pin. The wake-up time for normal wake-up is

about 1024 ILRC clocks counting from wake-up event; fast wake-up can be selected to reduce the wake-up

time by misc register. For fast wake-up mechanism, the wake-up time is 128 system clocks from IO toggling

if STOPEXE was issued, and 128 system clocks plus oscillator (IHRC or ILRC) stable time from IO toggling

if STOPSYS was issued. The oscillator stable time is the time for IHRC or ILRC oscillator from power-on,

depending on which oscillator is used as system clock source. Please notice that the fast wake-up will turn

off automatically when EOSC is selected as the system clock.

System

Wake-up

mode

Wake-up time (t_WUP

from IO toggle

)

Suspend mode

clock

source

IHRC or

ILRC

STOPEXE

suspend

fast

128 * T_SYS,

wake-up

fast

Where T_SYSis the time period of system clock

STOPSYS

suspend

IHRC

128 T_SYS: MISC(0x20) / 8 T_SYS:MISC(0x28)

wake-up

128 T_{SYS +}T_SILRC

;

STOPSYS

suspend

fast

ILRC

Where T_SILRCis the stable time of ILRC from

power-on.

wake-up

STOPSYS or

STOPEXE

suspend

fast

1024 * T_ILRC

,

EOSC

wake-up

Where T_ILRCis the clock period of ILRC

STOPEXE

suspend

normal

wake-up

normal

1024 * T_ILRC

Where T_ILRCis the clock period of ILRC

1024 * T_ILRC

Where T_ILRCis the clock period of ILRC

,

Any one

STOPSYS

suspend

,

wake-up

** Please notice that the clock source of watch-dog will be switched to system clock (for example: 4MHz)

when fast wakeup is enabled. Therefore, for fast wake-up, recommending turning off the watchdog timer

before enabling the fast wakeup. When wake-up, turning on the watchdog timer after disabling the fast

wakeup.

Page 53 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-13. IO Pins

Other than PA5, all the pins can be independently set into two states output or input by configuring the data

registers (pa, pb, pc), control registers (pac, pbc, pcc) and pull-up registers (paph, pbph, pcph). All these

pins have Schmitt-trigger input buffer and output driver with CMOS level. When it is set to output low, the

pull-up resistor is turned off automatically. If user wants to read the pin state, please notice that it should be

set to input mode before reading the data port; if user reads the data port when it is set to output mode, the

reading data comes from data register, NOT from IO pad. As an example, Table 6 shows the configuration

table of bit 0 of port A. The hardware diagram of IO buffer is also shown as Fig. 15.

pa.0 pac.0 paph.0

Description

Input without pull-up resistor

X

0

1

0

1

0

1

X

0

1

Input with pull-up resistor

Output low without pull-up resistor

Output high without pull-up resistor

Output high with pull-up resistor

Table 8: PA0 Configuration Table

RD pull-high latch

WR pull-high latch

D

Q

(weak P-MOS)

pull-high

latch

Q

Data

latch

Q1

PAD

WR data latch

RD control latch

Q

WR control latch

Control

latch

M

U

X

RD Port

Data Bus

padier.x or pbdier.x

Wakeup module

Interrupt module

(PA0,PB0 only)

Analog Module

Fig.15: Hardware diagram of IO buffer

Other than PA5, all the IO pins have the same structure; PA5 can is open-drain ONLY when setting to output

mode (without Q1). The corresponding bits in registers padier / pbdier should be set to low to prevent

leakage current for those pins are selected to be analog function. When PMC232/PMS232 is put in

power-down or power-save mode, every pin can be used to wake-up system by toggling its state. Therefore,

those pins needed to wake-up system must be set to input mode and set the corresponding bits of registers

padier and pbdier to high. The same reason, padier.0 should be set high when PA0 is used as external

interrupt pin and pbdier.0 for PB0.

Page 54 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-14. Reset and LVR

5.14.1. Reset

There are many causes to reset the PMC232/PMS232, once reset is asserted, most of all the registers in

PMC232/PMS232 will be set to default values, When reset comes from WDT timeout, gdio register (IO

address 0x7) keeps the same value, system should be restarted once abnormal cases happen, or by

jumping program counter to address ’h0. The data memory is in uncertain state when reset comes from

power-up and LVR; however, the content will be kept when reset comes from PRST# pin or WDT timeout.

5.14.2. LVR reset

By code option, there are many different levels of LVR for reset. Usually, user selects LVR reset level to be in

conjunction with operating frequency and supply voltage.

5-15. VDD/2 bias Voltage Generator

This function can be enabled by bit 4 of misc register. Those pins which are defined to output VDD/2 voltage

are PA3、

PA2、PC5、PA0 during input mode, being used as COM function for LCD application. If user

wants

to output VDD、VDD/2、GND three levels voltage, the corresponding pins must be set to output-high for VDD,

enabling VDD/2 bias voltage with input mode for VDD/2, and

shows how to use this function.

output-low for GND correspondingly, Fig. 16

VDD

VDD/2

GND

Pin set to output high

Pin set to input

Pin set to output low

Fig.16: Using VDD/2 bias voltage generator

Page 55 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-16. Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) module

adcm[3:0]

adcc [5:2]

Scalar

and

1001

system clock

PA4/AD8

PA3/AD7

NC

MUX

1000

ADCCLK

0111

0110

0101

0100

0011

0010

0001

0000

PB6/AD6

PB5/AD5

PB4/AD4

PB3/AD3

PB2/AD2

PB1/AD1

PB0/AD0

V_IN

A/D

Converter

signal for conversion

1111

{adcrh[7:0],adcrl[7:4]} for 12-bit resolution

{adcrh[7:0],adcrl[7:5]} for 11-bit resolution

(adcrh[7:0],adcrl[7:6]) for 10-bit resolution

{adcrh[7:0],adcrl[7]} for 9-bit resolution

{adcrh[7:0]} for 8-bit resolution

band-gap

voltage

generator

Fig.17: ADC Block Diagram

There are six registers when using the ADC module, which are:



ADC Control Register (adcc)

ADC Mode Register (adcm)

ADC Result High/Low Register (adcrh, adcrl)

Port A/B Digital Input Enable Register (padier, pbdier)

The following steps are recommended to do the AD conversion procedure:

(1) Configure the ADC module:



Configure the voltage reference high by adcc register

Select the ADC input channel by adcc register

Select the bit resolution of ADC by adcm register

Configure the AD conversion clock by adcm register

Configure the pin as analog input by padier, pbdier register

Enable the ADC module by adcc register

Page 56 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

(2) Configure interrupt for ADC: (if desired)



Clear the ADC interrupt request flag in bit 3 of intrq register

Enable the ADC interrupt request in bit 3 of inten register

Enable global interrupt by issuing engint command

(3) Start AD conversion:



Set ADC process control bit in the adcc register to start the conversion (set1 adcc.6).

(4) Wait for the completion flag of AD conversion, by either:



Waiting for the completion flag by using command “wait1 addc.6”; or

Waiting for the ADC interrupt.

(5) Read the ADC result registers:



Read adcrh and adcrl the result registers

(6) For next conversion, goto step 1 or step 2 as required.

5-16-1. The input requirement for AD conversion

For the AD conversion to meet its specified accuracy, the charge holding capacitor (C_HOLD) must be allowed

to fully charge to the voltage reference high level and discharge to the voltage reference low level. The

analog input model is shown as Fig. 18, the signal driving source impedance (Rs) and the internal sampling

switch impedance (Rss) will affect the required time to charge the capacitor C_HOLDdirectly. The internal

sampling switch impedance may vary with ADC supply voltage; the signal driving source impedance will

affect accuracy of analog input signal. User must ensure the measured signal is stable before sampling;

therefore, the maximum signal driving source impedance is highly dependent on the frequency of signal to

be measured. The recommended maximum impedance for analog driving source is about 10KΩ under

500kHz input frequency and 10-bit resolution requirements, and 10MΩ under 500Hz input frequency and

10-bit resolution.

Fig.18: Analog Input Model

Page 57 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Before starting the AD conversion, the minimum signal acquisition time should be met for the selected

analog input signal. The signal acquisition time (T_ACQ) of ADC in PMC232/PMS232 series is fixed to one

clock period of ADCLK, the selection of ADCLK must be met the minimum signal acquisition time.

5-16-2. Select the ADC bit resolution

The ADC resolution is 12bit. Please configure adcm register bit [7:5] to be “100” before staring AD

conversion via $ADCM instruction. Higher resolution can detect small signal variation; however, it will take

more time to convert the analog signal to digital signal. The selection can be done via adcm register. The

ADC bit resolution should be configured before starting the AD conversion.

5-16-3. ADC clock selection

The clock of ADC module (ADCLK) can be selected by adcm register; there are 8 possible options for

ADCLK from sysclk/1 to sysclk/128. Due to the signal acquisition time T_ACQis one clock period of ADCLK,

the ADCLK must meet that requirement. The recommended ADC clock is to operate at 2us.

5-16-4. AD conversion

The process of AD conversion starts from setting START/DONE bit (bit 6 of adcc) to high, the START/DONE

flag for read will be cleared automatically, then converting analog signal bit by bit and finally setting

START/DONE high to indicate the completion of AD conversion. If ADCLK is selected, T_ADCLKis the period of

ADCLK and the AD conversion time can be calculated as follows:



12-bit resolution: AD conversion time = 17 T_ADCLK

5-16-5. Configure the analog pins

The 10 analog input signals for ADC shared with Port A[3], Port A[4], and Port B[6:0]. To avoid leakage

current at the digital circuit, those pins defined for analog input should disable the digital input function (set

the corresponding bit of padier or pbdier register to be 0).

The measurement signals of ADC belong to small signal; it should avoid the measured signal to be

interfered during the measurement period, the selected pin should (1) be set to input mode (2) turn off weak

pull-up resistor (3) set the corresponding pin to analog input by port A/B digital input disable register (padier

/ pbdier).

Page 58 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

5-16-6. Using the ADC

The following example shows how to use ADC with PB0~PB3.

First, defining the selected pins:

PBC

PBPH

PBDIER

=

0B_XXXX_0000;

//

PB0 ~ PB3 as Input

PB0 ~ PB3 without pull-up resistor

PB0 ~ PB3 digital input is disabled

Next, setting ADCC register, example as below:

$

ADCC Enable, PB3;

ADCC Enable, PB2;

ADCC Enable, PB0;

//

set PB3 as ADC input

set PB2 as ADC input

set PB0 as ADC input

Next, setting ADCM register, example as below:

$

ADCM 12BIT, /16;

ADCM 12BIT, /8;

//

recommend /16 @System Clock=8MHz

recommend /8 @System Clock=4MHz

Then, start the ADC conversion:

AD_START

WAIT1

=

1;

//

start ADC conversion

wait ADC conversion result

AD_DONE

;

Finally, it can read ADC result when AD_DONE is high:

WORD

Data

Data;

//

two bytes result: ADCRH and ADCRL

=

(ADCRH << 8) | ADCRL;

The ADC can be disabled by using the following method:

ADCC Disable;

$

or

ADCC

=

0;

Page 59 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6. IO Registers

6-1. ACC Status Flag Register (flag), IO address = 0x00

Bit Reset

R/W

-

Description

7 - 4

3

-

Reserved. These four bits are “1” when reading.

0

R/W

OV (Overflow Flag). This bit is set whenever the sign operation is overflow.

AC (Auxiliary Carry Flag). There are two conditions to set this bit, the first one is carry out

of low nibble in addition operation and the other one is borrow from the high nibble into low

nibble in subtraction operation.

2

0

R/W

C (Carry Flag). There are two conditions to set this bit, the first one is carry out in addition

operation, and the other one is borrow in subtraction operation. Carry is also affected by

shift with carry instruction.

1

0

R/W

Z (Zero Flag). This bit will be set when the result of arithmetic or logic operation is zero;

Otherwise, it is cleared.

6-2. FPP unit Enable Register (fppen), IO address = 0x01

Bit Reset

R/W

-

Description

7 - 2

-

Reserved. Please keep 0 for future compatibility.

1

0

1

R/W

FPP1 enable. This bit is used to enable FPP1. 0 / 1: disable / enable

FPP0 enable. This bit is used to enable FPP0. 0 / 1: disable / enable

6-3. Stack Pointer Register (sp), IO address = 0x02

Bit Reset R/W

Description

Stack Pointer Register. Read out the current stack pointer, or write to change the stack

pointer.

7 - 0 R/W

-

6-4. Clock Mode Register (clkmd), IO address = 0x03

Bit Reset R/W

Description

System clock selection:

Type 0, clkmd[3]=0

Type 1, clkmd[3]=1

000: IHRC/4

001: IHRC/2

010: IHRC

000: IHRC/16

001: IHRC/8

010: reserved

011: IHRC/32

100: Reserved

101: EOSC/8

11x: reserved.

7 - 5

111

R/W

011: EOSC/4

100: EOSC/2

101: EOSC

110: ILRC/4

111: ILRC (default)

4

3

2

1

0

1

R/W Internal High RC Enable. 0 / 1: disable / enable

Clock Type Select. This bit is used to select the clock type in bit [7:5].

RW

0 / 1: Type 0 / Type 1.

R/W Internal Low RC Enable. 0 / 1: disable / enable

If ILRC is disabled, watchdog timer is also disabled.

R/W Watch Dog Enable. 0 / 1: disable / enable

R/W Pin PA5/RESET# function. 0 / 1: PA5 / RESET#.

1

0

1

0

Page 60 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-5. Interrupt Enable Register (inten), IO address = 0x04

Bit Reset R/W

Description

7

6

-

Reserved.

0

-

R/W

-

Enable interrupt from Timer2. 0 / 1: disable / enable.

Reserved.

5 : 4

3

0

R/W

Enable interrupt from ADC. 0 / 1: disable / enable.

Enable interrupt from Timer16 overflow. 0 / 1: disable / enable.

Enable interrupt from PB0. 0 / 1: disable / enable.

Enable interrupt from PA0.0 / 1: disable / enable.

2

1

0

6-6. Interrupt Request Register (intrq), IO address = 0x05

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

7

-

Reserved.

Interrupt Request from Timer2, this bit is set by hardware and cleared by software.

0 / 1: No request / Request

6

5 : 4

3

R/W

-

Reserved.

Interrupt Request from ADC, this bit is set by hardware and cleared by software.

0 / 1: No request / Request

R/W

Interrupt Request from Timer16, this bit is set by hardware and cleared by software.

0 / 1: No request / Request

2

1

0

-

R/W

Interrupt Request from pin PB0, this bit is set by hardware and cleared by software.

0 / 1: No request / Request

Interrupt Request from pin PA0, this bit is set by hardware and cleared by software.

0 / 1: No Request / request

Page 61 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-7. Timer16 mode Register (t16m), IO address = 0x06

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Timer16 Clock source selection.

000: disable

001: system clock (CLK)

010: reserved

7 - 5

000

R/W 011: reserved

100: IHRC

101: EOSC

110: ILRC

111: PA0 falling edge (from external pin)

Timer16 clock pre-divider.

00: /1

4 - 3

00

R/W 01: /4

10: /16

11: /64

Interrupt source selection. Interrupt event happens when selected bit goes high.

0 : bit 8 of Timer16

1 : bit 9 of Timer16

2 : bit 10 of Timer16

2 - 0

000

R/W 3 : bit 11 of Timer16

4 : bit 12 of Timer16

5 : bit 13 of Timer16

6 : bit 14 of Timer16

7 : bit 15 of Timer16

6-8. General Data register for IO (gdio), IO address = 0x07

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

General data for IO. This port is the general data buffer in IO space and cleared when

POR or LVR, and it will KEEP the old values when reset from watch dog time out. It can

7 - 0

00

R/W perform the IO operation, like wait0 gdio.x, wait1 gdio.x and tog gdio.x to replace of

operations which instructions are supported in memory space (ex: wait1 mem; wait0

mem; tog mem).

6-9. External Oscillator setting Register (eoscr), IO address = 0x0a

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

7

0

WO Enable external crystal oscillator. 0 / 1 : Disable / Enable

External crystal oscillator selection.

00 : reserved

6 - 5

00

WO 01 : Low driving capability, for lower frequency, ex: 32kHz crystal oscillator

10 : Middle driving capability, for middle frequency, ex: 1MHz crystal oscillator

11 : High driving capability, for higher frequency, ex: 4MHz crystal oscillator

4 - 1

0

-

Reserved. Please keep 0 for future compatibility.

0

WO Power-down the Band-gap and LVR hardware modules. 0 / 1: normal / power-down.

Page 62 of 94

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PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-10. Internal High RC oscillator control Register (ihrcr), IO address = 0x0b

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Bit [7:0] for frequency calibration of IHRC.

0x00 for lowest frequency and 0x7f for highest frequency.

7 - 0

-

WO

6-11. Interrupt Edge Select Register (integs), IO address = 0x0c

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

7 - 5

-

Reserved.

Timer16 edge selection.

4

0

WO 0 : rising edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

1 : falling edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

PB0 edge selection.

00 : both rising edge and falling edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

WO 01 : rising edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

10 : falling edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

11 : reserved.

3 - 2

00

PA0 edge selection.

00 : both rising edge and falling edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

WO 01 : rising edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

10 : falling edge of the selected bit to trigger interrupt

11 : reserved.

1 - 0

Page 63 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-12. Port A Digital Input Enable Register (padier), IO address = 0x0d

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Enable PA7 digital input and wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

This bit should be set to low to prevent leakage current when external crystal oscillator is

used. If this bit is set to low, PA7 can NOT be used to wake-up the system.

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Enable PA6 digital input and wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

This bit should be set to low to prevent leakage current when external crystal oscillator is

used. If this bit is set to low, PA6 can NOT be used to wake-up the system.

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Enable PA5 wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

7

1

WO

6

5

4

1

WO

This bit can be set to low to disable wake-up from PA5 toggling.

Note: For ICE emulation, wakeup is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Enable PA4 digital input and wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

This bit should be set to low when PA4 is assigned as AD input to prevent leakage

current. If this bit is set to low, PA4 can NOT be used to wake-up the system.

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Enable PA3 digital input and wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

This bit should be set to low when PA3 is assigned as AD input to prevent leakage

current. If this bit is set to low, PA3 can NOT be used to wake-up the system.

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Enable PA2 wake-up event. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

3

1

WO

2

1

WO

This bit can be set to low to disable wake-up from PA2 toggling.

Note: For ICE emulation, wakeup is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

Reserved

Enable PA0 wake-up event and interrupt request. 1 / 0 : enable / disable.

This bit can be set to low to disable wake-up from PA0 toggling and interrupt request from

this pin.

0

1

WO

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

6-13. Port B Digital Input Enable Register (pbdier), IO address = 0x0e

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

7

1

WO Reserved

Enable PB6~PB0 digital input to prevent leakage when the pin is assigned for AD input.

When disable is selected, the wakeup function from this pin is also disabled.

0 / 1 : disable / enable

6 - 0

0x6F

WO

Note: For ICE emulation, the function is disabled when this bit is “1” and “0” is enabled.

6-14. Port A Data Register (pa), IO address = 0x10

Bit

Reset R/W

0x00 R/W Data register for Port A.

Description

7 - 0

Page 64 of 94

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PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-15. Port A Control Register (pac), IO address = 0x11

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Port A control registers. This register is used to define input mode or output mode for

each corresponding pin of port A. 0 / 1: input / output

7 - 0

0x00

R/W

Please note that PA5 can be INPUT or OUTPUT LOW ONLY, the output state will be

tri-state when PA5 is programmed into output mode with data 1.

6-16. Port A Pull-up Register (paph), IO address = 0x12

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Port A pull-up register. This register is used to enable the internal pull-up device on each

corresponding pin of port A and this pull high function is active only for input mode.

0 / 1 : disable / enable

7 - 0

0x00 R/W

Please note that PA5 does NOT have pull-up resistor.

6-17. Port B Data Register (pb), IO address = 0x14

Bit

Reset R/W

0x00 R/W Data register for Port B.

Description

7 - 0

6-18. Port B Control Register (pbc), IO address = 0x15

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Port B control register. This register is used to define input mode or output mode for each

corresponding pin of port B. 0 / 1: input / output

7 - 0

0x00 R/W

6-19. Port B Pull-up Register (pbph), IO address = 0x16

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Port B pull-up register. This register is used to enable the internal pull-up device on each

corresponding pin of port B. 0 / 1 : disable / enable

7 - 0

0x00 R/W

6-20. Port C Data Register (pc), IO address = 0x17

Bit

Reset R/W

0x00 R/W Bit [7:0] of data register for Port C.

Description

7 - 0

6-21. Port C Control Register (pcc), IO address = 0x18

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Bit [7:0] of port C control register. This register is used to define input mode or output

mode for each corresponding pin. 0 / 1: input / output

7 - 0

0x00 R/W

6-22. Port C Pull-up Register (pcph), IO address = 0x19

Bit

Reset R/W

Description

Bit [7:0] of Port C pull-up register. This register is used to enable the internal pull-up device

on each corresponding pin. 0 / 1 : disable / enable

7 - 0 0x00 R/W

Page 65 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-23. ADC Control Register (adcc), IO address = 0x20

Bit Reset R/W

Description

7

0

R/W Enable ADC function. 0/1: Disable/Enable.

ADC process control bit.

Write “1” to start AD conversion, and the flag is cleared automatically when starting the AD

6

0

R/W

conversion ;

Read “1” to indicate the completion of AD conversion and “0” is in progressing.

Channel selector. These four bits are used to select input signal for AD conversion.

0000: PB0/AD0,

0001: PB1/AD1,

0010: PB2/AD2,

0011: PB3/AD3,

0100: PB4/AD4,

5 - 2 0000 R/W 0101: PB5/AD5,

0110: PB6/AD6,

0111: reserved

1000: PA3/AD7

1001: PA4/AD8

1111: band-gap 1.20 volt reference voltage

Others: reserved

0 - 1

-

Reserved. (keep 0 for future compatibility)

6-24. ADC Mode Register (adcm), IO address = 0x21

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

Bit Resolution.

7 - 5

4

000

-

WO 100:12-bit, AD 12-bit result [11:0] = { adcrh[7:0], adcrl[7:4] }.

others: reserved,

-

Reserved (keep 0 for future compatibility)

ADC clock source selection.

000: sysclk/1,

001: sysclk/2,

010: sysclk/4,

3 - 1

000

WO 011: sysclk/8,

100: sysclk/16,

101: sysclk/32,

110: sysclk/64,

111: sysclk/128,

0

-

Reserved

6-25. ADC Result High Register (adcrh), IO address = 0x22

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

These eight read-only bits will be the bit [11:4] of AD conversion result. The bit 7 of this

register is the MSB of ADC result for any resolution.

7 - 0

-

RO

Page 66 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-26. ADC Result Low Register (adcrl), IO address = 0x23

Bit Reset

R/W

RO

-

Description

These four bits will be the bit [3:0] of AD conversion result.

Reserved

7 - 4

3 - 0

-

6-27. Miscellaneous Register (misc), IO address = 0x3b

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

Reserved. (keep 0 for future compatibility)

Enable extremely low current for 32kHz crystal oscillator AFTER oscillation.

WO 0: Normal.

1: Low driving current for 32kHz crystal oscillator.

7

6

-

0

Enable fast Wake-up. Fast wake-up is NOT supported when EOSC is enabled.

0: Normal wake-up.

The wake-up time is 1024 ILRC clocks

1: Fast wake-up.

The wake-up time is 128(MISC.3=0) / 8(MISC.3=1) CLKs (system clock) +

oscillator stable time.

5

0

WO

If wake-up from STOPEXE suspend, there is no oscillator stable time;

If wake-up from STOPSYS suspend, it will be IHRC or ILRC stable time from

power-on.

Please notice that the clock source will be switched to system clock

(for example: 4MHz) when fast wakeup is enabled, therefore,

it is recommended to turn off the watchdog timer before enabling the fast wakeup

and turn on the watchdog timer after disabling the fast wakeup.

Enable to generate half VDD on PA0/PA2/PA3/PC5 pins.

0 / 1 : Disable / Enable

4

3

2

0

WO

Recover time from LVR reset.

WO 0: Normal. The system will take about 1024 ILRC clocks to boot up from LVR reset.

1: Fast. The system will take about 64 ILRC clocks to boot up from LVR reset.

Disable LVR function.

WO

0 / 1 : Enable / Disable

Watch dog time out period

00: 2048 ILRC clock period

1 - 0

00

WO 01: 4096 ILRC clock period

10: 16384 ILRC clock period

11: 256 ILRC clock period

Page 67 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

6-28. Timer2 Control Register (tm2c), IO address = 0x3c

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

Timer2 clock selection.

0000 : disable

0001 : system clock

0010 : internal high RC oscillator (IHRC)

0011 : reserved

0100 : ILRC

0101 : reserved

011x : reserved

7 - 4 0000

R/W

1000 : PA0 (rising edge)

1001 : ~PA0 (falling edge)

1010 : PA3 (rising edge)

1011 : ~PA3 (falling edge)

1100 : PA4 (rising edge)

1101 : ~PA4 (falling edge)

Notice: In ICE mode and IHRC is selected for Timer2 clock, the clock sent to Timer2

does NOT be stopped, Timer2 will keep counting when ICE is in halt state.

Timer2 output selection.

00 : disable

3–2

00

R/W 01 : PA2

10 : PA3

11 : reserved

Timer2 mode selection.

1

0

R/W

0 / 1 : period mode / PWM mode

Enable to inverse the polarity of Timer2 output.

0 / 1: disable / enable.

6-29. Timer2 Counter Register (tm2ct), IO address = 0x3d

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

7 - 0 0x00

R/W Bit [7:0] of Timer2 counter register.

6-30. Timer2 Scalar Register (tm2s), IO address = 0x37

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

PWM resolution selection.

7

0

WO 0 : 8-bit

1 : 6-bit

Timer2 clock pre-scalar.

00 : ÷ 1

WO 01 : ÷ 4

10 : ÷ 16

6 - 5

00

11 : ÷ 64

4 - 0 00000 WO Timer2 clock scalar.

6-31. Timer2 Bound Register (tm2b), IO address = 0x09

Bit Reset

R/W

Description

7 - 0 0x00

WO Timer2 bound register.

Page 68 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

7. Instructions

Symbol

Description

ACC

a

Accumulator (Abbreviation of accumulator)

Accumulator (symbol of accumulator in program)

sp

flag

I

Stack pointer

ACC status flag register

Immediate data

&

Logical AND

|

Logical OR

←

^

Movement

Exclusive logic OR

+

Add

－

〜

〒

OV

Z

Subtraction

NOT (logical complement, 1’s complement)

NEG (2’s complement)

Overflow (The operational result is out of range in signed 2’s complement number system)

Zero (If the result of ALU operation is zero, this bit is set to 1)

Carry (The operational result is to have carry out for addition or to borrow carry for subtraction in

unsigned number system)

C

Auxiliary Carry

AC

(If there is a carry out from low nibble after the result of ALU operation, this bit is set to 1)

Program counter for FPP0

pc0

pc1

Program counter for FPP1

7-1. Data Transfer Instructions

mov

a, I

Move immediate data into ACC.

Example: mov a, 0x0f;

Result: a ← 0fh;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

M, a

a, M

Move data from ACC into memory

Example: mov

MEM, a;

Result: MEM ← a

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Move data from memory into ACC

Example: mov

Result: a ← MEM; Flag Z is set when MEM is zero.

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

a, MEM ;

Page 69 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

mov

nmov

a, IO

IO, a

M, a

Move data from IO into ACC

Example: mov a, pa ;

Result: a ← pa; Flag Z is set when pa is zero.

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Move data from ACC into IO

Example: mov

Result: pb ← a

pb, a;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Take the negative logic (2’s complement) of ACC to put on memory

Example: mov

MEM, a;

Result: MEM ← 〒a

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

a, 0xf5 ;

ram9, a;

// ACC is 0xf5

nmov

// ram9 is 0x0b, ACC is 0xf5

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Take the negative logic (2’s complement) of memory to put on ACC

nmov

a, M

Example: mov

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← 〒MEM; Flag Z is set when 〒MEM is zero.

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

nmov

a, 0xf5 ;

ram9, a ;

a, ram9 ;

// ram9 is 0xf5

// ram9 is 0xf5, ACC is 0x0b

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Load high byte data in OTP program memory to ACC by using index as OTP address. It needs

2T to execute this instruction.

ldtabh index

Example: ldtabh index;

Result:

a ← {bit 15~8 of OTP [index]};

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

ROMptr ;

// declare a pointer of ROM in RAM

mov

...

a, la@TableA ; // assign pointer to ROM TableA (LSB)

lb@ROMptr, a ; // save pointer to RAM (LSB)

a, ha@TableA ; // assign pointer to ROM TableA (MSB)

hb@ROMptr, a ; // save pointer to RAM (MSB)

ldtabh

...

ROMptr ;

// load TableA MSB to ACC (ACC=0X02)

TableA :

dc

0x0234, 0x0042, 0x0024, 0x0018 ;

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 70 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

ldtabl index

ldt16 word

stt16 word

Load low byte data in OTP to ACC by using index as OTP address. It needs 2T to execute this

instruction.

Example: ldtabl index;

Result:

a ← {bit7~0 of OTP [index]};

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

ROMptr ;

// declare a pointer of ROM in RAM

mov

...

a, la@TableA ; // assign pointer to ROM TableA (LSB)

lb@ROMptr, a ; // save pointer to RAM (LSB)

a, ha@TableA ; // assign pointer to ROM TableA (MSB)

hb@ROMptr, a ; // save pointer to RAM (MSB)

ldtabl

...

ROMptr ;

// load TableA LSB to ACC (ACC=0x34)

TableA :

dc 0x0234, 0x0042, 0x0024, 0x0018 ;

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Move 16-bit counting values in Timer16 to memory in word.

Example: ldt16 word;

Result:

word ← 16-bit timer

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

T16val ;

// declare a RAM word

clear

stt16

...

lb@ T16val ; // clear T16val (LSB)

hb@ T16val ; // clear T16val (MSB)

T16val ;

// initial T16 with 0

set1

...

t16m.5 ;

// enable Timer16

set0

ldt16

...

t16m.5 ;

T16val ;

// disable Timer16

// save the T16 counting value to T16val

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Store 16-bit data from memory in word to Timer16.

Example: stt16 word;

Result:

16-bit timer ←word

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Page 71 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

T16val ;

// declare a RAM word

mov

stt16

...

a, 0x34 ;

lb@ T16val , a ; // move 0x34 to T16val (LSB)

a, 0x12 ;

hb@ T16val , a ; // move 0x12 to T16val (MSB)

T16val ;

// initial T16 with 0x1234

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Exchange data between ACC and memory

xch

M

Example: xch MEM ;

Result:

MEM ← a , a ← MEM

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

idxm a, index Move data from specified memory to ACC by indirect method. It needs 2T to execute this

instruction.

Example: idxm a, index;

Result:

a ← [index], where index is declared by word.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

RAMIndex ;

// declare a RAM pointer

mov

...

a, 0x5B ;

// assign pointer to an address (LSB)

// save pointer to RAM (LSB)

lb@RAMIndex, a ;

a, 0x00 ;

// assign 0x00 to an addr.(MSB), be 0

// save pointer to RAM (MSB)

hb@RAMIndex, a ;

idxm

a, RAMIndex ;

// move data in address 0x5B to ACC

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Idxm index, a Move data from ACC to specified memory by indirect method. It needs 2T to execute this

instruction.

Example: idxm index, a;

Result:

[index] ← a; where index is declared by word.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

word

...

RAMIndex ;

// declare a RAM pointer

mov

...

a, 0x5B ;

// assign pointer to an address (LSB)

lb@RAMIndex, a ; // save pointer to RAM (LSB)

a, 0x00 ; // assign 0x00 to an addr.(MSB), be 0

hb@RAMIndex, a ; // save pointer to RAM (MSB)

mov

idxm

a, 0xA5 ;

RAMIndex, a ;

// mov 0xA5 to memory in address 0x5B

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Page 72 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

pushaf

Move the ACC and flag register to memory that address specified in the stack pointer.

Example: pushaf;

Result:

[sp] ← {flag, ACC};

sp ← sp + 2 ;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.romadr 0x10 ;

// ISR entry address

pushaf ;

...

// put ACC and flag into stack memory

// ISR program

...

// ISR program

popaf ;

reti ;

// restore ACC and flag from stack memory

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Restore ACC and flag from the memory which address is specified in the stack pointer.

Example: popaf;

popaf

Result:

sp ← sp - 2

{Flag, ACC} ← [sp] ;

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

;

7-2. Arithmetic Operation Instructions

add

a, I

Add immediate data with ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: add a, 0x0f ;

Result: a ← a + 0fh

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

a, M

M, a

Add data in memory with ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: add

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← a + MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Add data in memory with ACC, then put result into memory

Example: add

Result: MEM ← a + MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

MEM, a;

Page 73 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

addc a, M

Add data in memory with ACC and carry bit, then put result into ACC

Example: addc

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← a + MEM + C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

addc M, a

Add data in memory with ACC and carry bit, then put result into memory

Example: addc

MEM, a ;

Result: MEM ← a + MEM + C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

addc

a

Add carry with ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: addc

a ;

Result: a ← a + C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

M

Add carry with memory, then put result into memory

Example: addc

MEM ;

Result: MEM ← MEM + C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

nadd a, M

Add negative logic (2’s complement) of ACC with memory

Example: nadd

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← 〒a + MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

nadd M, a

Add negative logic (2’s complement) of memory with ACC

Example: nadd

MEM, a ;

Result: MEM ← 〒MEM + a

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

sub

a, I

Subtraction immediate data from ACC, then put result into ACC.

Example: sub

a, 0x0f;

Result: a ← a - 0fh ( a + [2’s complement of 0fh] )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

a, M

M, a

Subtraction data in memory from ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: sub

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← a - MEM ( a + [2’s complement of M] )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Subtraction data in ACC from memory, then put result into memory

Example: sub

Result: MEM ← MEM - a ( MEM + [2’s complement of a] )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

MEM, a;

Page 74 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

subc a, M

Subtraction data in memory and carry from ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: subc

a, MEM;

Result: a ← a – MEM - C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

subc M, a

Subtraction ACC and carry bit from memory, then put result into memory

Example: subc

MEM, a ;

Result: MEM ← MEM – a - C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

subc

inc

a

Subtraction carry from ACC, then put result into ACC

Example: subc

a;

Result: a ← a - C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

M

Subtraction carry from the content of memory, then put result into memory

Example: subc

MEM;

Result: MEM ← MEM - C

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

M

Increment the content of memory

Example: inc

MEM ;

Result: MEM ← MEM + 1

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

dec

M

Decrement the content of memory

Example: dec

MEM;

Result: MEM ← MEM - 1

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

clear

M

Clear the content of memory

Example: clear

Result: MEM ← 0

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

MEM ;

7-3. Shift Operation Instructions

sr

a

Shift right of ACC

Example: sr

a ;

Result: a (0,b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1) ← a (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← a(b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Page 75 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

src

sr

a

Shift right of ACC with carry

Example: src a ;

Result: a (c,b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1) ← a (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← a(b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift right the content of memory

M

Example: sr MEM ;

Result: MEM(0,b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1) ← MEM(b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← MEM(b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift right of memory with carry

src

sl

M

Example: src MEM ;

Result: MEM(c,b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1) ← MEM (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← MEM(b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift left of ACC

a

Example: sl a ;

Result: a (b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0,0) ← a (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← a (b7)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift left of ACC with carry

slc

sl

a

Example: slc a ;

Result: a (b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0,c) ← a (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← a(b7)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift left of memory

M

Example: sl MEM ;

Result: MEM (b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0,0) ← MEM (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← MEM(b7)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Shift left of memory with carry

slc

M

Example: slc MEM ;

Result: MEM (b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0,C) ← MEM (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0), C ← MEM (b7)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Swap the high nibble and low nibble of ACC

swap

a

Example: swap

a ;

Result: a (b3,b2,b1,b0,b7,b6,b5,b4) ← a (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

M

Swap the high nibble and low nibble of memory

Example: swap

MEM ;

Result: MEM (b3,b2,b1,b0,b7,b6,b5,b4) ← MEM (b7,b6,b5,b4,b3,b2,b1,b0)

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Page 76 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

7-4. Logic Operation Instructions

and

or

a, I

a, M

M, a

a, I

Perform logic AND on ACC and immediate data, then put result into ACC

Example: and a, 0x0f ;

Result: a ← a & 0fh

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Perform logic AND on ACC and memory, then put result into ACC

Example: and

a, RAM10 ;

Result: a ← a & RAM10

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Perform logic AND on ACC and memory, then put result into memory

Example: and

MEM, a ;

Result: MEM ← a & MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Perform logic OR on ACC and immediate data, then put result into ACC

Example: or

a, 0x0f ;

Result: a ← a | 0fh

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

or

a, M

Perform logic OR on ACC and memory, then put result into ACC

Example: or

a, MEM ;

Result: a ← a | MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

or

M, a

a, I

Perform logic OR on ACC and memory, then put result into memory

Example: or

MEM, a ;

Result: MEM ← a | MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

xor

Perform logic XOR on ACC and immediate data, then put result into ACC

Example: xor

a, 0x0f ;

Result: a ← a ^ 0fh

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

a, IO

Perform logic XOR on ACC and IO register, then put result into ACC

Example: xor

a, pa ;

Result: a ← a ^ pa ; // pa is the data register of port A

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

IO, a

Perform logic XOR on ACC and IO register, then put result into IO register

Example: xor

Result: pa ← a ^ pa ; // pa is the data register of port A

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

pa, a ;

Page 77 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

xor

not

a, M

M, a

a

Perform logic XOR on ACC and memory, then put result into ACC

Example: xor a, MEM ;

Result: a ← a ^ RAM10

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Perform logic XOR on ACC and memory, then put result into memory

Example:

Result:

xor

MEM, a ;

MEM ← a ^ MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Perform 1’s complement (logical complement) of ACC

Example: not

a ;

Result: a ← 〜a

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

not

a, 0x38 ;

a ;

// ACC=0X38

// ACC=0XC7

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Perform 1’s complement (logical complement) of memory

not

M

Example: not

MEM ;

Result: MEM ← 〜MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

not

a, 0x38 ;

mem, a ;

mem ;

// mem = 0x38

// mem = 0xC7

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Perform 2’s complement of ACC

neg

a

Example: neg

a;

Result: a ← 〒a

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

neg

a, 0x38 ;

a ;

// ACC=0X38

// ACC=0XC8

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Perform 2’s complement of memory

neg

M

Example: neg

Result: MEM ← 〒MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

MEM;

Page 78 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

neg

a, 0x38 ;

mem, a ;

mem ;

// mem = 0x38

// mem = 0xC8

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Compare ACC with immediate data

comp

a, I

Example: comp

a, 0x55;

Result: Flag will be changed by regarding as ( a - 0x55 )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

a, 0x38 ;

a, 0x42 ;

a, 0x24 ;

a, 0x6a ;

comp

// Z flag is set

// C flag is set

// C, Z flags are clear

// C, AC flags are set

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Compare ACC with the content of memory

comp

a, M

Example: comp

a, MEM;

Result: Flag will be changed by regarding as ( a - MEM )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mov

comp

mov

comp

a, 0x38 ;

mem, a ;

a, mem ;

a, 0x42 ;

mem, a ;

a, 0x38 ;

a, mem ;

// Z flag is set

// C flag is set

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Compare ACC with the content of memory

comp

M, a

Example: comp

MEM, a;

Result: Flag will be changed by regarding as ( MEM - a )

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Page 79 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

7-5. Bit Operation Instructions

set0 IO.n

Set bit n of IO port to low

Example: set0 pa.5 ;

Result: set bit 5 of port A to low

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

set1 IO.n

Set bit n of IO port to high

Example: set1 pb.5 ;

Result: set bit 5 of port B to high

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

tog IO.n

Toggle bit state of bit n of IO port

Example: tog pa.5 ;

Result: toggle bit 5 of port A

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

set0 M.n

set1 M.n

swapc IO.n

Set bit n of memory to low

Example: set0 MEM.5 ;

Result: set bit 5 of MEM to low

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Set bit n of memory to high

Example: set1 MEM.5 ;

Result: set bit 5 of MEM to high

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Swap the nth bit of IO port with carry bit

Example: swapc

IO.0;

Result: C ← IO.0 , IO.0 ← C

When IO.0 is a port to output pin, carry C will be sent to IO.0;

When IO.0 is a port from input pin, IO.0 will be sent to carry C;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『Y』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example1 (serial output) :

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

...

set1

...

pac.0 ;

// set PA.0 as output

set0

swapc

set1

swapc

...

flag.1 ;

pa.0 ;

// C=0

// move C to PA.0 (bit operation), PA.0=0

// C=1

flag.1 ;

pa.0 ;

// move C to PA.0 (bit operation), PA.0=1

Page 80 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Application Example2 (serial input) :

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

...

set0

...

pac.0 ;

// set PA.0 as input

swapc

src

pa.0 ;

a ;

// read PA.0 to C (bit operation)

// shift C to bit 7 of ACC

swapc

src

pa.0 ;

a ;

// read PA.0 to C (bit operation)

// shift new C to bit 7, old C

...

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7-6. Conditional Operation Instructions

ceqsn a, I

Compare ACC with immediate data and skip next instruction if both are equal.

Flag will be changed like as (a ← a - I)

Example: ceqsn

a, 0x55 ;

MEM ;

inc

goto

error ;

Result: If a=0x55, then “goto error”; otherwise, “inc MEM”.

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

ceqsn a, M

Compare ACC with memory and skip next instruction if both are equal.

Flag will be changed like as (a ← a - M)

Example: ceqsn

a, MEM;

Result: If a=MEM, skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

ceqsn M, a

cneqsn a, M

Compare ACC with memory and skip next instruction if both are equal.

Example: ceqsn

MEM, a;

Result: If a=MEM, skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Compare ACC with memory and skip next instruction if both are not equal.

Flag will be changed like as (a ← a - M)

Example: cneqsn

a, MEM;

Result: If a≠MEM, skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Page 81 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

cneqsn a, I

Compare ACC with immediate data and skip next instruction if both are no equal.

Flag will be changed like as (a ← a - I)

Example: cneqsn

a,0x55 ;

MEM ;

error ;

inc

goto

Result: If a≠0x55, then “goto error”; Otherwise, “inc MEM”.

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

Check IO bit and skip next instruction if it’s low

t0sn IO.n

t1sn IO.n

t0sn M.n

t1sn M.n

Example: t0sn

pa.5;

Result: If bit 5 of port A is low, skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Check IO bit and skip next instruction if it’s high

Example: t1sn

pa.5 ;

Result: If bit 5 of port A is high, skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Check memory bit and skip next instruction if it’s low

Example: t0sn MEM.5 ;

Result: If bit 5 of MEM is low, then skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Check memory bit and skip next instruction if it’s high

EX: t1sn MEM.5 ;

Result: If bit 5 of MEM is high, then skip next instruction

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Increment ACC and skip next instruction if ACC is zero

izsn

dzsn

izsn

dzsn

a

Example: izsn

Result:

a;

a

←

a + 1,skip next instruction if a = 0

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

a

Decrement ACC and skip next instruction if ACC is zero

Example: dzsn

Result:

a;

A

←

A - 1,skip next instruction if a = 0

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

M

Increment memory and skip next instruction if memory is zero

Example: izsn

Result: MEM

MEM;

MEM + 1, skip next instruction if MEM= 0

←

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

M

Decrement memory and skip next instruction if memory is zero

Example: dzsn

Result: MEM

Affected flags: 『Y』Z 『Y』C 『Y』AC 『Y』OV

MEM;

←

MEM - 1, skip next instruction if MEM = 0

Page 82 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Wait here until bit n of IO port is low.

Example: wait0 pa.5;

wait0 IO.n

wait1 IO.n

Result:

Wait bit 5 of port A low to execute next instruction;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Wait here until bit n of IO port is low.

Example: wait1 pa.5;

Result:

Wait bit 5 of port A high to execute next instruction;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

7-7. System control Instructions

call

label

Function call, address can be full range address space

Example: call

function1;

pc + 1

Result: [sp]

←

pc

sp

←

function1

sp + 2

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

goto label

Go to specific address which can be full range address space

Example: goto

error;

Result: Go to error and execute program.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Delay the (N＋1) cycles which N is specified by the content of ACC, the timing is based on the

executing FPP unit. After the delay instruction is executed, the ACC will be zero.

delay

a

Example: delay

a;

Result: Delay 16 cycles here if ACC=0fh

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Note: Because ACC is the temporarily buffer for counting, please make sure that it will not be

interrupted when executing this instruction. Otherwise, it may be not the expected delay time.

Delay the (N＋1) cycles which N is specified by the immediate data, the timing is based on the

delay

I

executing FPP unit. After the delay instruction is executed, the ACC will be zero.

Example: delay

0x05;

Result: Delay 6 cycles here

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Note: Because ACC is the temporarily buffer for counting, please make sure that it will not be

interrupted when executing this instruction. Otherwise, it may be not the expected delay time.

Page 83 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

Delay the (N＋1) cycles which N is specified by the content of memory, the timing is based on

the executing FPP unit. After the delay instruction is executed, the ACC will be zero.

delay

M

Example: delay

M;

Result: Delay 256 cycles here if M=ffh

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Note: Because ACC is the temporarily buffer for counting, please make sure that it will not be

interrupted when executing this instruction. Otherwise, it may be not the expected delay time.

Place immediate data to ACC, then return

ret

I

Example: ret 0x55;

Result:

A ← 55h

ret ;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Return to program which had function call

Example: ret;

Result:

sp ← sp - 2

pc ← [sp]

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

reti

Return to program that is interrupt service routine. After this command is executed, global

interrupt is enabled automatically.

Example: reti;

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

nop

No operation

Example: nop;

Result: nothing changed

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

pcadd

a

Next program counter is current program counter plus ACC.

Example: pcadd a;

Result: pc ← pc + a

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

Application Example:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

...

mov

pcadd

goto

...

a, 0x02 ;

a ;

// PC <- PC+2

// jump here

err1 ;

correct ;

err2 ;

err3 ;

correct:

...

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// jump here

Page 84 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

engint

Enable global interrupt enable

Example: engint;

Result: Interrupt request can be sent to FPP0

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

disgint

stopsys

Disable global interrupt enable

Example: disgint ;

Result: Interrupt request is blocked from FPP0

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

System halt.

Example: stopsys;

Result: Stop the system clocks and halt the system

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

stopexe

CPU halt.

The oscillator module is still active to output clock, however, system clock is disabled to save

power.

Example: stopexe;

Result: Stop the system clocks and keep oscillator modules active.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

reset

Reset the whole chip, its operation will be same as hardware reset.

Example: reset;

Result: Reset the whole chip.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

wdreset

Reset Watchdog timer.

Example: wdreset ;

Result: Reset Watchdog timer.

Affected flags: 『N』Z 『N』C 『N』AC 『N』OV

7-8. Summary of Instructions Execution Cycle

Instruction

Condition

1 FPPA

2T

2 FPPA

1T

goto, call

Condition is fulfilled

2T

1T

ceqsn, cneqsn, t0sn, t1sn, dzsn,

izsn

Condition is not fulfilled

1T

ldtabh, ldtabl, idxm, pcadd, ret, reti

2T

Others

1T

Page 85 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

7-9. Summary of affected flags by Instructions

Instruction

mov a, I

Z

-

C

-

AC OV Instruction

Z

-

C

-

AC OV Instruction

Z

Y

-

C

-

AC OV

-

mov M, a

mov IO, a

ldtabh index

stt16 word

idxm index, a

add a, I

-

mov a, M

-

mov a, IO

nmov a, M

ldt16 word

idxm a, index

popaf

Y

-

nmov M, a

ldtabl index

-

xch

M

-

pushaf

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

add a, M

addc M, a

nadd a, M

sub a, M

subc M, a

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

add M, a

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

addc a, M

addc

a

addc

M

nadd M, a

sub M, a

sub a, I

subc a, M

subc

dec

src

a

subc

clear

M

inc

sr a

src

sl

M

a

sr

M

-

Y

-

M

-

sl

a

-

slc

a

-

M

-

slc

and

M

-

swap

and

a

-

swap

and

M

-

a, I

Y

-

a, M

Y

-

M, a

Y

-

or a, I

-

or a, M

-

or M, a

-

xor

a, I

-

xor a, IO

-

xor IO, a

-

xor

a, M

M

-

xor

M, a

-

not

a

Y

-

not

-

neg

a

-

Y

-

Y

-

neg

M

-

comp

a, I

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

comp

a, M

Y

-

comp

M, a

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

set0 IO.n

set0 M.n

ceqsn a, I

cneqsn a, M

t1sn IO.n

set1 IO.n

set1 M.n

ceqsn a, M

cneqsn a, I

t0sn M.n

tog IO.n

-

swapc IO.n

ceqsn M, a

t0sn IO.n

t1sn M.n

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

izsn

dzsn

call

a

Y

-

Y

-

dzsn

a

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

izsn

wait1 IO.n

delay

M

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

Y

-

M

wait0 IO.n

goto label

label

I

-

a

-

delay

ret

-

delay

reti

M

-

ret

I

-

nop

-

pcadd

a

-

engint

stopexe

-

disgint

reset

-

stopsys

wdreset

-

Page 86 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

8. Code Options

Option

Selection

Enable

Disable

4.1V

Description

Security Enable

Security

Security Disable

Select LVR = 4.1V

3.6V

Select LVR = 3.6V

3.1V

Select LVR = 3.1V

2.8V

Select LVR = 2.8V

LVR

2.5V

Select LVR = 2.5V

2.2V

Select LVR = 2.2V

2.0V

Select LVR = 2.0V

1.8V

Select LVR = 1.8V

Yes

reach normal operating voltage quickly within 20 mS

can’t reach normal operating voltage quickly within 20 mS

Single FPP unit mode

Under_20mS_VDD_OK

FPPA

No

1-FPPA

2-FPPA

Two FPP units mode

Page 87 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

9. Special Notes

This chapter is to remind user who use PMC232/PMS232 series IC in order to avoid frequent errors upon

operation.

9-1. Warning

User must read all application notes of the IC by detail before using it. Please download the related application

notes from the following link:

http://www.padauk.com.tw/tw/technical/index.aspx

9-2. Using IC

9-2-1. IO pin usage and setting

(1) IO pin as digital input



When IO is set as digital input, the level of Vih and Vil would changes with the voltage and

temperature. Please follow the minimum value of Vih and the maximum value of Vil.

The value of internal pull high resistor would also changes with the voltage, temperature and pin

voltage. It is not the fixed value.

(2) IO pin as analog input



Configure IO pin as input

Set PADIER and PBDIER registers to configure corresponding IO as analog input

For some IO pins of PA and PB that are not used, PADIER.1 and PBDIER.7 should be set low in

order to prevent current leakage.



Set PAPH and PBPH registers to disable corresponding IO pull-up resistor

The functions of PADIER and PBDIER registers of PMC232/PMS232 series IC is contrary to ICE

functions

Please use following program in order to keep ICE emulation consisting with PMC232/PMS232

series IC procedure.

$ PADIER 0x0D;

$ PBDIER 0x70;

(3) PA5 as output pin

PA5 can only be Open-Drain output pin. Output high requires adding pull-up resistor

(4) PA5 as PRST# input



No internal pull-up resistor for PA5

Configure PA5 a s input

Set CLKMD.0=1 to enable PA5 as PRST# input pin

(5) PA5 as input pin to connect with a push button or a switch by a long wire



Needs to put a >10Ω resistor in between PA5 and the long wire

Avoid using PA5 as input

(6) PC as digital input pin

There is no PCDIER register in PMC232/PMS232 series IC, PC is defaulted to enable the digital

input function. Therefore, PC can be configured as input to wake up system from power save mode.



Page 88 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

(7) PA7 and PA6 as external crystal oscillator



Configure PA7 and PA6 as input

Disable PA7 and PA6 internal pull-up resistor

Configure PADIER register to set PA6 and PA7 as analog input

EOSCR register bit [6:5] selects corresponding crystal oscillator frequency :



01 : for lower frequency, ex : 32kHz

10 : for middle frequency, ex : 455kHz、1MHz

11 : for higher frequency, ex : 4MHz



Program EOSCR.7 =1 to enable crystal oscillator

Ensure EOSC working well before switching from IHRC or ILRC to EOSC

Note: Please read the PMC-APN013 carefully. According to PMC-APN013,, the crystal oscillator should

be used reasonably. If the following situations happen to cause IC start-up slowly or non-startup,

PADAUK Technology is not responsible for this: the quality of the user's crystal oscillator is not good, the

usage conditions are unreasonable, the PCB cleaner leakage current, or the PCB layouts are

unreasonable.

9-2-2. Interrupt

(1) When using the interrupt function, the procedure should be:

Step1: Set INTEN register, enable the interrupt control bit

Step2: Clear INTRQ register

Step3: In the main program, using ENGINT to enable CPU interrupt function

Step4: Wait for interrupt. When interrupt occurs, enter to Interrupt Service Routine

Step5: After the Interrupt Service Routine being executed, return to the main program

* Use DISGINT in the main program to disable all interrupts

* When interrupt service routine starts, use PUSHAF instruction to save ALU and FLAG

register. POPAF instruction is to restore ALU and FLAG register before RETI as below:

void Interrupt (void)

// Once the interrupt occurs, jump to interrupt service routine

// enter DISGINT status automatically, no more interrupt is

{

accepted

PUSHAF;

…

POPAF;

}

// RETI will be added automatically. After RETI being executed, ENGINT status

will be restored

(2) INTEN and INTRQ have no initial values. Please set required value before enabling interrupt function

(3) FPPA1 will not be affected by interrupt at all

Page 89 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

9-2-3. System clock switching

(1) System clock can be switched by CLKMD register. Please notice that, NEVER switch the system clock and

turn off the original clock source at the same time. For example: When switching from clock A to clock B,

please switch to clock B first; and after that turn off the clock A oscillator through CLKMD.



Case 1 : Switch system clock from ILRC to IHRC/2

CLKMD

=

0x36;

0;

// switch to IHRC, ILRC can not be disabled here

CLKMD.2 =

// ILRC can be disabled at this time

Case 2 : Switch system clock from ILRC to EOSC

CLKMD

=

0xA6;

0;

// switch to EOSC, ILRC can not be disabled here

CLKMD.2 =

// ILRC can be disabled at this time

ERROR. Switch ILRC to IHRC and turn off ILRC simultaneously

CLKMD 0x50; // MCU will hang

=

(2) Please ensure the EOSC oscillation has established before switching from ILRC or IHRC to EOSC. MCU

will not check its status. Please wait for a while after enabling EOSC. System clock can be switched to

EOSC afterwards. Otherwise, MCU will hang. The example for switching system clock from ILRC to 4MHz

EOSC after boot up is as below:

.ADJUST_IC

DISABLE

CLKMD.1 = 0;

// turn off WDT for executing delay instruction.

// 4MHz EOSC start to oscillate.

$

EOSCR

Enable, 4MHz;

delay 255

// Delay for EOSC establishment

CLKMD = 0xA4;

CLKMD.2 = 0;

// ILRC -> EOSC;

// turn off ILRC only if necessary

The delay duration should be adjusted in accordance with the characteristic of the crystal and PCB.

To measure the oscillator signal by the oscilloscope, please select (x10) on the probe and measure

through PA6(X2) pin to avoid the interference on the oscillator.

9-2-4. Power down mode, wakeup and watchdog

(1) Watchdog will be inactive once ILRC is disabled

(2) Please turn off watchdog before executing STOPSYS or STOPEXE instruction, otherwise IC will be reset

due to watchdog timeout. It is the same as in ICE emulation.

(3) The clock source of Watchdog is ILRC if the fast wakeup is disabled; otherwise, the clock source of

Watchdog will be the system clock and the reset time becomes much shorter. It is recommended to

disable Watchdog and enable fast wakeup before entering STOPSYS mode. When the system is waken

up from power down mode, please firstly disable fast wakeup function, and then enable Watchdog. It is to

avoid system to be reset after being waken up.

Page 90 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

(4) If enable Watchdog during programming and also wants the fast wakeup, the example as below:

CLKMD.En_WatchDog

=

0;

// disable watchdog timer

$ MISC

stopexe;

nop;

Fast_Wake_Up;

$ MISC

Wdreset;

WT_xx;

// Reset Watchdog time to normal wake-up

// enable watchdog timer

CLKMD.En_WatchDog

=

1;

9-2-5. TIMER time out

When select $ INTEGS BIT_R (default value) and T16M counter BIT8 to generate interrupt, if T16M

counts from 0, the first interrupt will occur when the counter reaches to 0x100 (BIT8 from 0 to 1) and the

second interrupt will occur when the counter reaches 0x300 (BIT8 from 0 to 1). Therefore, selecting BIT8 as

1 to generate interrupt means that the interrupt occurs every 512 counts. Please notice that if T16M counter

is restarted, the next interrupt will occur once Bit8 turns from 0 to 1.

If select $ INTEGS BIT_F(BIT triggers from 1 to 0) and T16M counter BIT8 to generate interrupt, the T16M

counter changes to an interrupt every 0x200/0x400/0x600/. Please pay attention to two differences with

setting INTEGS methods.

9-2-6. Using ADC

(1) Configure corresponding IO as input through PXDIER register

(2) The recommended highest ADC conversion frequency is 500kHz and maximum output impedance of

analog signal source is 10KΩ.

(3) Never restart next conversion before completion of last ADC conversion; otherwise, wrong value would

get.

(4) Please pay attention on sequence of operation if the program fits for below conditions,

1. Use the FPP (ex. FPPA0) for handling power-save mode to disable ADC.

2. Use the FPP (ex. FPPA1) for handling ADC conversion to enable ADC and wait for completion of

ADC conversion with WAIT1 ADC_Done instruction.

3. Execute above【1】&【2】simultaneously

In case the above sequence is not properly arranged, there may be a chance that FPPA1 can not pass

through WAIT1 ADC_Done instruction because the ADC may be disabled by FPPA0 before WAIT1

ADC_Done instruction being executed.

Recommendation:

Define a Flag which represents the operation of ADC. Every time FPPA1 set the flag when enable the

ADC and reset it when the completion of ADC conversion. FPPA0 checks this flag and decides to enter

power-save and disable ADC if it is reset.

Page 91 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

9-2-7. LVR

(1) VDD must reach or above 2.2V for successful power-on process; otherwise IC will be inactive.

(2) The setting of LVR (1.8V, 2.0V, 2.2V etc) will be valid just after successful power-on process.

9-2-8. IHRC

(1) The IHRC frequency calibration is performed when IC is programmed by the writer.

(2) Because the characteristic of the Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) would some degrees affects the IHRC

frequency (either for package or COB), if the calibration is done before molding process, the actual IHRC

frequency after molding may be deviated or becomes out of spec. Normally , the frequency is getting

slower a bit.

(3) It usually happens in COB package or Quick Turnover Programming (QTP). And PADAUK would not take

any responsibility for this situation.

(4) Users can make some compensatory adjustments according to their own experiences. For example, users

can set IHRC frequency to be 0.5% ~ 1% higher and aim to get better re-targeting after molding.

9-2-9. Program writing

There are 8 pins for using the writer to program: PA0，PA3， PA4， PA5， PA6， PA7， VDD, and GND.

User can program PMC232/PMS232 from using PDK3S-P-002:

(1) Put the PMC232/PMS232-S14/D14 in the top of the textool over the CN36.

(2) Put the PMC232/PMS232-S20/D20 in the top of the textool over the CN37.

(3) Put the PMC232/PMS232-S18/D18 to move down one space over CN37.

(4) Other packages could be programmed by user’s way.

All the left signs behind the jumper are the same (there are VDD, PA0, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6, PA7, and

GND).The following picture is shown:

If user use PDK5S-P-003 or above to program, please follow the instruction.

Page 92 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller



Special notes about voltage and current while Multi-Chip-Package(MCP) or On-Board Programming

(1) PA5 (VPP) may be higher than 11V.

(2) VDD may be higher than 6.5V, and its maximum current may reach about 20mA.

(3) All other signal pins level (except GND) are the same as VDD.

User should confirm when using this product in MCP or On-Board Programming, the peripheral circuit or

components will not be destroyed or limit the above voltages.

9-3. Using ICE

9-3-1. Emulating PMC232/PMS232 series IC on ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003

PMC232/PMS232 series I/O pin is defined as compatible with P232C series. When user use ICE

PDK3S-I-001/002/003 to emulate PMC232/PMS232 series IC, please connect the cable labeled CN8 or CN7

with CN8 or CN7 connector on ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003 by matching each assembled pins respectively.

(1) Emulating PMC232/PMS232(SOP14/DIP14) : Use cable labeled CN8:P232CS14/CD14 to connect CN8

connector on ICE PDK3S-I-001. Connection is shown as below:

Page 93 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018

PMC232/PMS232 Series

12-bit ADC Enhanced FPPA^TM

8-bit OTP Controller

(2) Emulating PMC232/PMS232(SOP20/DIP20) : Use cable labeled CN7:P232CS20/CD20 to connect CN7

connector on ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003. Connection is shown as below:

9-3-2. Important Notice for ICE operation

(1) When ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003 emulates LCD 1/2 VDD function of PMC232/PMS232 series IC, the PC5

as COM1 for 1/2 VDD function of PMC232/PMS232 series IC requires jumping wire for adding 5.1K pull-up

and down resistance.

(2) ICE PDK3S-I-001/002/003 does not support emulating below IC functions of PMC232/PMS232 series from

(a) to (g). Thus, user needs to take PMC232/PMS232 Real Chip for test. Please notice：In order to avoid

the problems on difference between ICE and Real Chip test procedure, those functions will be temporarily

removed from datasheet before ICE is set to support them. PMC232/PMS232 Real Chip is defaulted with

these functions and performing ordinarily. User is recommended to consider these exceptions and careful

handle whenever doing the test.

(a) PMC232/PMS232 series IC is able to set LVR minimum to 1.8V, total 8 stages 4.0V, 3.5V, 3.0V,

2.75V, 2.5V, 2.2V, 2.0V, 1.8V.

(b) PMC232/PMS232 series IC LVR function can be disabled by register (misc.2).

(c) PMC232/PMS232 series IC is able to support LVR reset and fast-recover by register (misc.3).

(d) PMC232/PMS232 series IC is able to be set as single core operating model.

(e) PMC232/PMS232 series IC supports VDD less than 4V, 3V, 2V voltage level detection and store

detecting result to internal register (rstst).

(f) PMC232/PMS232 series IC supports reset-source detection.

(g) Watch-dog series IC provides watch-dog time out function which is assigned by register misc[1:0]

Page 94 of 94

PDK-DS-PMx232_V104– Dec. 18, 2018


型号：	PMC232-S20
厂家：	PADAUK Technology
描述：	12-bit ADC Enhanced
文件：	总94页 (文件大小：1560K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

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