LM3530UME-40/NOPB [TI]

具有可编程环境光感应功能的高效白光 LED 驱动器 | YFZ | 12 | -30 to 85;
LM3530UME-40/NOPB
型号: LM3530UME-40/NOPB
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

具有可编程环境光感应功能的高效白光 LED 驱动器 | YFZ | 12 | -30 to 85

驱动 接口集成电路 驱动器
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LM3530  
SNVS606L JUNE 2009REVISED DECEMBER 2014  
LM3530 High-Efficiency White-LED Driver with Programmable Ambient Light Sensing  
Capability and I2C-Compatible Interface  
1 Features  
3 Description  
The LM3530 current mode boost converter supplies  
the power and controls the current in up to 11 series  
white LEDs. The 839-mA current limit and 2.7-V to  
5.5-V input voltage range make the device a versatile  
backlight power source ideal for operation in portable  
applications.  
1
Drives up to 11 LEDs in series  
1000:1 Dimming Ratio  
90% Efficient  
Programmable Dual Ambient Light Sensor Inputs  
with Internal ALS Voltage Setting Resistors  
I2C Programmable Logarithmic or Linear  
Brightness Control  
The LED current is adjustable from 0 mA to 29.5 mA  
via an I2C-compatible interface. The 127 different  
current steps and 8 different maximum LED current  
levels give over 1000 programmable LED current  
levels. Additionally, PWM brightness control is  
possible through an external logic level input.  
External PWM Input for Simple Brightness  
Adjustment  
True Shutdown Isolation for LEDs and Ambient  
Light Sensors  
The device also features two Ambient Light Sensor  
inputs. These are designed to monitor analog output  
ambient light sensors and provide programmable  
adjustment of the LED current with changes in  
ambient light. Each ambient light sensor input has  
independently programmable internal voltage setting  
resistors which can be made high impedance to  
reduce power during shutdown. The 500-kHz  
switching frequency allows for high converter  
Internal Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current  
Wide 2.7-V to 5.5-V Input Voltage Range  
40-V and 25-V Overvoltage Protection Options  
500-kHz Fixed Frequency Operation  
839-mA Peak Current Limit  
2 Applications  
efficiency over  
a
wide output voltage range  
Smartphone LCD Backlighting  
accommodating from 2 to 11 series LEDs. Finally, the  
support of Content Adjusted Backlighting maximizes  
battery life while maintaining display image quality.  
Personal Navigation LCD Backlighting  
2 to 11 Series White-LED Backlit Display Power  
Source  
The LM3530 operates over the 40°C to 85°C  
temperature range.  
space  
Device Information(1)  
PART NUMBER  
LM3530  
PACKAGE  
BODY SIZE (MAX)  
DSBGA (12)  
1.64 mm x 1.24 mm  
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at  
the end of the datasheet.  
Simplified Schematic  
L
D1  
Up to 40V  
2.7V to 5.5V  
C
OUT  
SW  
V
IN  
LOGIC  
C
IN  
10 k:  
10 k: 10 k:  
10 k:  
LM3530  
SCL  
SDA  
OVP  
HWEN  
INT  
PWM  
ILED  
VIN  
VIN  
Ambient Light  
Sensor  
Ambient Light  
Sensor  
ALS1  
ALS2  
GND  
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,  
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.  
 
 
 
 
LM3530  
SNVS606L JUNE 2009REVISED DECEMBER 2014  
www.ti.com  
Table of Contents  
8.3 Feature Description................................................. 12  
8.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 26  
8.5 Programming .......................................................... 27  
8.6 Register Maps......................................................... 28  
Application and Implementation ........................ 34  
9.1 Application Information............................................ 34  
9.2 Typical Application ................................................. 34  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Features.................................................................. 1  
Applications ........................................................... 1  
Description ............................................................. 1  
Revision History..................................................... 2  
I2C Device Options................................................ 3  
Pin Configuration and Functions......................... 3  
Specifications......................................................... 4  
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 4  
7.2 ESD Ratings.............................................................. 4  
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 4  
7.4 Thermal Information.................................................. 4  
7.5 Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 5  
7.6 I2C-Compatible Timing Requirements (SCL, SDA) .. 6  
7.7 Simple Interface Timing ............................................ 6  
7.8 Typical Characteristics.............................................. 7  
Detailed Description ............................................ 11  
8.1 Overview ................................................................. 11  
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 11  
9
10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 38  
11 Layout................................................................... 38  
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 38  
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 41  
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 43  
12.1 Device Support .................................................... 43  
12.2 Documentation Support ........................................ 43  
12.3 Trademarks........................................................... 43  
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution............................ 43  
12.5 Glossary................................................................ 43  
8
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable  
Information ........................................................... 43  
4 Revision History  
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.  
Changes from Revision K (March 2013) to Revision L  
Page  
Added Device Information and ESD Ratings tables, Detailed Description, Application and Implementation, Power  
Supply Recommendations, Layout, Device and Documentation Support and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable  
Information sections; moved some curves to Application Curves section ............................................................................. 1  
Changes from Revision J (March 2013) to Revision K  
Page  
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ........................................................................................................... 34  
2
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LM3530  
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SNVS606L JUNE 2009REVISED DECEMBER 2014  
5 I2C Device Options  
ORDERABLE NUMBER  
I2C DEVICE OPTION  
LM3530TME-40  
LM3530TMX-40  
LM3530UME-25A  
LM3530UME-40  
LM3530UME-40B  
LM3530UMX-25A  
LM3530UMX-40  
LM3530UMX-40B  
0x38  
0x38  
0x36  
0x38  
0x39  
0x36  
0x38  
0x39  
6 Pin Configuration and Functions  
DSBGA (YFZ or YFQ) Package  
12 Pins  
Top View  
A1  
B1  
A2  
B2  
C2  
D2  
A3  
B3  
C3  
D3  
C1  
D1  
Pin Functions  
PIN  
NUMBER  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
NAME  
SDA  
SCL  
SW  
A1  
A2  
A3  
I/O  
I
Serial data connection for I2C-compatible interface.  
Serial data connection for I2C-compatible interface.  
PWR  
Inductor connection, diode anode connection, and drain connection for internal NFET. Connect  
the inductor and diode as close as possible to SW to reduce parasitic inductance and capacitive  
coupling to nearby traces.  
B1  
B2  
B3  
C1  
C2  
C3  
PWM  
INT  
I
External PWM brightness control input and simple enable input.  
Logic interrupt output signaling the ALS zone has changed.  
Ground  
O
GND  
ALS2  
HWEN  
IN  
I
I
Ambient light sensor input 2 with programmable internal pull-down resistor.  
Active high hardware enable (active low reset). pull this pin high to enable the LM3530.  
PWR  
Input voltage connection. Connect a 2.7-V to 5.5-V supply to IN and bypass to GND with a 2.2-  
µF or greater ceramic capacitor.  
D1  
D2  
ALS1  
OVP  
I
I
Ambient light sensor input 1 with programmable internal pulldown resistor.  
Output voltage sense connection for overvoltage sensing. Connect OVP to the positive terminal  
of the output capacitor.  
D3  
ILED  
PWR  
Input terminal to internal current sink. The boost converter regulates ILED to 0.4 V.  
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SNVS606L JUNE 2009REVISED DECEMBER 2014  
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7 Specifications  
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings  
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)  
(1)(2)(3)  
MIN  
MAX  
6
UNIT  
VIN to GND  
–0.3  
VSW, VOVP, VILED to GND  
VSCL, VSDA, VALS1, VPWM, VINT, VHWEN to GND  
VALS2 to GND  
45  
6
V
–0.3 V to VIN + 0.3 V  
Internally limited  
150  
Continuous power dissipation  
Junction temperature (TJ-MAX  
)
°C  
°C  
Maximum lead temperature (soldering, 10s)  
Storage temperature, Tstg  
See(4)  
–65  
150  
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings  
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended  
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
(2) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and  
specifications.  
(3) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(4) For detailed soldering specifications and information, please refer to Application Note 1112: DSBGA Wafer Level Chip Scale Package  
(SNVA009).  
7.2 ESD Ratings  
VALUE  
UNIT  
V(ESD)  
Electrostatic discharge  
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001(1)  
±2000  
V
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.  
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions  
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)  
MIN  
2.7  
0
NOM  
MAX  
5.5  
40  
UNIT  
VIN to GND  
V
VSW, VOVP, VILED, to GND  
Junction temperature (TJ)(1)  
Ambient temperature (TA)(2)  
–40  
–40  
125  
85  
°C  
(1) Internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. Thermal shutdown engages at TJ= 140°C (typ.) and  
disengages at TJ= 125°C (typ.).  
(2) In applications where high power dissipation and/or poor package thermal resistance is present, the maximum ambient temperature may  
have to be derated. Maximum ambient temperature (TA-MAX) is dependent on the maximum operating junction temperature (TJ-MAX-OP  
=
125°C), the maximum power dissipation of the device in the application (PD-MAX), and the junction-to ambient thermal resistance of the  
part/package in the application (RθJA), as given by the following equation: TA-MAX = TJ-MAX-OP – (RθJA × PD-MAX).  
7.4 Thermal Information  
DSBGA  
THERMAL METRIC(1)  
YFQ  
YFZ  
UNIT  
12 PINS  
RθJA  
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance(2)  
61.7  
°C/W  
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.  
(2) Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) is taken from a thermal modeling result, performed under the conditions and guidelines  
set forth in the JEDEC standard JESD51-7. The test board is a 4-layer FR-4 board measuring 102 mm x 76 mm x 1.6 mm with a 2 x 1  
array of thermal vias. The ground plane on the board is 50 mm x 50 mm. Thickness of copper layers are 36 µm/18 µm/18 µm/3 6µm  
(1.5oz/1oz/1oz/1.5oz). Ambient temperature in simulation is 22°C in still air. Power dissipation is 1W. The value of RθJA of this product in  
the DSBGA package could fall in a range as wide as 60ºC/W to 110ºC/W (if not wider), depending on PCB material, layout, and  
environmental conditions. In applications where high maximum power dissipation exists special care must be paid to thermal dissipation  
issues.  
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SNVS606L JUNE 2009REVISED DECEMBER 2014  
7.5 Electrical Characteristics  
Typical (TYP) limits are for TA = 25°C; minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX) apply over the full operating ambient  
temperature range (40°C TA 85°C); VIN = 3.6 V, unless otherwise specified.(1)(2)  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
ILED  
Output current regulation  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V, Full-scale current = 19  
mA, BRT Code = 0x7F, ALS Select Bit = 0,  
I2C Enable = 1  
17.11  
18.6  
20.08  
mA  
VREG_CS Regulated current sink  
headroom voltage  
400  
200  
mV  
mV  
VHR  
Current sink minimum  
headroom voltage  
ILED = 95% of nominal  
RDSON  
ICL  
NMOS switch on resistance ISW = 100 mA  
0.25  
839  
NMOS switch current limit  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
ON Threshold, 2.7 V VIN 5.5 40-V  
739  
40  
936  
42  
mA  
41  
24  
V
version  
Output overvoltage  
protection  
VOVP  
25-V  
version  
V
23.6  
450  
24.6  
550  
Hysteresis  
1
500  
fSW  
Switching frequency  
Maximum duty cycle  
Minimum duty cycle  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
kHz  
DMAX  
DMIN  
IQ  
94%  
10%  
Quiescent current, device  
not switching  
VHWEN = VIN  
490  
600  
2
µA  
IQ_SW  
Switching supply current  
Shutdown current  
ILED = 19 mA, VOUT = 36 V  
1.35  
1
mA  
µA  
ISHDN  
VHWEN = GND, 2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
ILED_MIN  
Minimum LED current  
Full-scale current = 19 mA setting  
BRT = 0x01  
9.5  
1
µA  
V
(3)  
VALS  
Ambient light sensor  
reference voltage  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
0.97  
1.03  
Logic thresholds - logic low  
Logic thresholds - logic high  
Thermal shutdown  
0
0.4  
VIN  
VHWEN  
TSD  
V
1.2  
140  
15  
°C  
Hysteresis  
12.77  
8.504  
5.107  
2.143  
1.836  
1.713  
1.510  
1.074  
0.991  
0.954  
0.888  
0.717  
0.679  
0.661  
0.629  
13.531  
9.011  
5.411  
2.271  
1.946  
1.815  
1.6  
14.29  
9.518  
5.715  
2.399  
2.055  
1.917  
1.69  
RALS1,  
RALS2  
ALS input internal pull-down  
resistors  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
1.138  
1.050  
1.011  
0.941  
0.759  
0.719  
0.700  
0.666  
1.202  
1.109  
1.068  
0.994  
0.802  
0.760  
0.740  
0.704  
kΩ  
(1) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(2) Min and Max limits are verified by design, test, or statistical analysis. Typical (typ.) numbers are not verified, but represent the most  
likely norm.  
(3) The ALS voltage specification is the maximum trip threshold for the ALS zone boundary (Code 0xFF). Due to random offsets and the  
mechanism for which the hysteresis voltage varies, it is recommended that only Codes 0x04 and above be used for Zone Boundary  
Thresholds. See Zone Boundary Trip Points and Hysteresis and Minimum Zone Boundary Settings sections.  
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)  
Typical (TYP) limits are for TA = 25°C; minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX) apply over the full operating ambient  
temperature range (40°C TA 85°C); VIN = 3.6 V, unless otherwise specified.(1)(2)  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
LOGIC VOLTAGE SPECIFICATIONS (SCL, SDA, PWM, INT)  
VIL  
Input logic low  
Input logic high  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
2.7 V VIN 5.5 V  
0
0.54  
VIN  
V
V
VIH  
VOL  
1.26  
Output logic low (SDA, INT) ILOAD = 3 mA  
400  
mV  
7.6 I2C-Compatible Timing Requirements (SCL, SDA)(1)  
MIN  
NOM  
MAX  
UNIT  
µs  
t1  
t2  
t3  
SCL (Clock Period)  
2.5  
100  
0
Data in setup time to SCL high  
Data out stable after SCL low  
SDA low setup time to SCL low (start)  
SDA high hold time after SCL High (stop)  
ns  
ns  
100  
100  
ns  
4
t
t5  
ns  
(1) SCL and SDA must be glitch-free in order for proper brightness control to be realized.  
7.7 Simple Interface Timing  
MIN  
1.5  
NOM  
MAX  
2.6  
UNIT  
tPWM_HIGH  
tPWM_LOW  
Enable time, PWM pin must be held high  
Disable time, PWM pin must be held low  
2
2
ms  
1.48  
2.69  
t
1
SCL  
t
t
5
4
SDIO  
Data In  
t
2
SDIO  
Data Out  
t
3
Figure 1. I2C-Compatible Timing  
t > tPWM_HIGH(MAX)  
t < tPWM_HIGH(MIN)  
t > tPWM_LOW(MAX)  
t < tPWM_LOW(MIN)  
Figure 2. Simple Enable/Disable Timing  
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7.8 Typical Characteristics  
VIN = 3.6 V, LEDs are OVSRWAC1R6 from OPTEK Technology, COUT = 1 µF, CIN = 1 µF, L = TDK VLF5012ST-100M1R0,  
(RL = 0.24 ), ILED = 19 mA, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
IFULL_SCALE = 19 mA  
Figure 3. LED Current vs VIN  
Figure 4. Shutdown Current vs VIN  
ALS Resistor Select Register = 0x44  
TA = 85°C  
ALS Resistor Select Register = 0x44  
Figure 5. Internal ALS Resistor vs VIN  
Figure 6. Internal ALS Resistor vs VIN  
TA = 40°C  
ALS Resistor Select Register = 0x44  
VOUT Rising  
Figure 7. Internal ALS Resistor vs VIN  
Figure 8. Overvoltage Protection vs VIN  
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Typical Characteristics (continued)  
VIN = 3.6 V, LEDs are OVSRWAC1R6 from OPTEK Technology, COUT = 1 µF, CIN = 1 µF, L = TDK VLF5012ST-100M1R0,  
(RL = 0.24 ), ILED = 19 mA, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
Figure 9. Max Duty Cycle vs VIN  
Figure 11. Switching Frequency vs VIN  
Figure 13. Simple Disable Time vs VIN  
Figure 10. NFET Switch On-Resistance vs VIN  
Figure 12. Simple Enable Time vs VIN  
ILED Full Scale = 19 mA  
50% Duty Cycle  
Figure 14. ILED vs FPWM  
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Typical Characteristics (continued)  
VIN = 3.6 V, LEDs are OVSRWAC1R6 from OPTEK Technology, COUT = 1 µF, CIN = 1 µF, L = TDK VLF5012ST-100M1R0,  
(RL = 0.24 ), ILED = 19 mA, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
1.024ms/Step Up And Down  
Time Base (40ms/div)  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
2.048ms/Step Up And Down  
Time Base (100ms/div)  
Figure 15. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Figure 16. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
8.192ms/Step Up And Down  
Time Base (400ms/div)  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Time Base (200ms/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
4.096ms/Step Up And Down  
Figure 18. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Figure 17. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Time Base (1s/div)  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Time Base (2s/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
16.384ms/Step Up And Down  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
32.768ms/Step Up And Down  
Figure 19. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Figure 20. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
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Typical Characteristics (continued)  
VIN = 3.6 V, LEDs are OVSRWAC1R6 from OPTEK Technology, COUT = 1 µF, CIN = 1 µF, L = TDK VLF5012ST-100M1R0,  
(RL = 0.24 ), ILED = 19 mA, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.  
Channel 2: SDA (5V/div)  
Time Base (4s/div)  
Channel 1: IIN (200mA/div)  
Channel 3: VOUT (20V/div)  
Channel 4 (10mA/div)  
Time Base (2ms/div)  
Ramp Rate = 8µs/Step  
ILED = 19mA  
Channel 3: ILED (10mA/div)  
65.538ms/Step Up And Down  
L = 22 µH  
VIN = 3.6V  
Figure 21. Ramp Rate (Exponential)  
Figure 22. Start-up Plot  
Channel 2: PWM (5V/div)  
Channel 4: ILED (5mA/div)  
DPWM From 30% To 70%  
Time Base (2ms/div)  
ILED Full Scale = 19 mA  
FPWM = 5 kHz  
Channel 1: VIN (500mV/div)  
Channel 2: VOUT (500mV/div)  
Channel 3: ILED (500µA/div)  
VIN From 3.6 V To 3.2 V  
Time Base (400µs/div)  
L = 22 µH  
ILED = 19 mA  
Figure 24. ILED Response To Step Change In PWM Duty  
Cycle  
Figure 23. Line Step Response  
Closed Loop  
L = 22 µH  
The value for current limit given in the Electrical Characteristics is measured in an open loop test by forcing current into SW until the  
current limit comparator threshold is reached. The typical curve for current limit is measured in closed loop using the typical application  
circuit by increasing IOUT until the peak inductor current stops increasing. Closed loop data appears higher due to the delay between the  
comparator trip point and the NFET turning off. This delay allows the closed loop inductor current to ramp higher after the trip point by  
approximately 100 ns × VIN/L.  
Figure 25. Current Limit vs VIN  
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8 Detailed Description  
8.1 Overview  
The LM3530 utilizes an asynchronous step-up, current mode, PWM controller and regulated current sink to  
provide an efficient and accurate LED current for white LED bias. The device powers a single series string of  
LEDs with output voltages of up to 40 V and a peak inductor current of typically 839 mA. The input active voltage  
range is from 2.7 V to 5.5 V.  
8.2 Functional Block Diagram  
IN  
OVP  
SW  
Boost Control  
40V  
Thermal  
shutdown  
400mV  
SOFT START  
Light  
Load  
OVP  
140C  
ERROR  
AMP  
+
-
R
R
R
R
RZ  
CC  
250m:  
S
R
HWEN  
SCL  
Driver  
Osc/  
Ramp  
Over  
Current  
Protection  
I2C/CONTROL  
SDA  
INT  
GND  
gm  
¦
Zone Change  
Flag  
Mapping Mode Select Bit  
(0 = Exponental, 1 = Linear)  
Current Control  
Dig Code  
7 bits  
1bit  
Active Zone  
Target  
Register  
1
0
7 bits  
7 bits  
7 bits  
LED Ramp  
Rate Control  
DAC  
7 bits  
Note 1  
BRT  
Register  
Zone Targets X 5  
A CODE  
3 bits  
3 bits  
Ramp Rate  
Ramp Rate  
Increasing  
ALS Input Select  
ALS Select  
Decreasing  
Averager/  
IFS  
Zone Change  
Flag  
Discriminator  
ILED  
(5 mA - 30 mA)  
ALS1  
ALS2  
Full Scale  
Current  
Full Scale Current  
Select Bits  
ADC  
PWM Polarity Bit  
(0 = active high, 1 =  
active low)  
8 bits  
ALS1 Resistor  
Select (4 Bits)  
Note 3  
EN_PWM bit  
LPF  
Zone Boundaries  
X 4  
ALS2 Resistor  
Select (4 Bits)  
Note 2  
D PWM  
PWM  
ACODE Is a Scaler between 0 and 1 based on the Brightness Data or Zone Target Data Depending on the ALS Select Bit  
DPWM Is a Scaler between 0 and 1 and corresponds to the duty cycle of the PWM input signal  
Note 1:  
Note 2:  
Note 3: For EN_PWM bit = 1  
x
x
ILED = IFS ACODE DPWM  
For EN_PWM bit = 0  
x
ILED = IFS ACODE  
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8.3 Feature Description  
8.3.1 Start-Up  
An internal soft-start prevents large inrush currents during start-up that can cause excessive current spikes at the  
input. For the typical application circuit (using a 10-µH inductor, a 2.2-µF input capacitor, and a 1-µF output  
capacitor) the average input current during start-up ramps from 0 to 300 mA in 3 ms. See Figure 22 in the  
Typical Characteristics.  
8.3.2 Light Load Operation  
The LM3530 boost converter operates in three modes: continuous conduction, discontinuous conduction, and  
skip mode. Under heavy loads when the inductor current does not reach zero before the end of the switching  
period, the device switches at a constant frequency (500 kHz typical). As the output current decreases and the  
inductor current reaches zero before the end of the switching period, the device operates in discontinuous  
conduction. At very light loads the LM3530 will enter skip mode operation causing the switching period to  
lengthen and the device to only switch as required to maintain regulation at the output. Light load operation  
provides for improved efficiency at lighter LED currents compared to continuous and discontinuous conduction.  
This is due to the pulsed frequency operation resulting in decreased switching losses in the boost converter.  
8.3.3 Ambient Light Sensor  
The LM3530 incorporates a dual input Ambient Light Sensing interface (ALS1 and ALS2) which translates an  
analog output ambient light sensor to a user-specified brightness level. The ambient light sensing circuit has 4  
programmable boundaries (ZB0 – ZB3) which define 5 ambient brightness zones. Each ambient brightness zone  
corresponds to a programmable brightness threshold (Z0T – Z4T). The ALS interface is programmable to accept  
the ambient light information from either the highest voltage of ALS1 or ALS2, the average voltage of ALS1 or  
ALS2, or selectable from either ALS1 or ALS2.  
Furthermore, each ambient light sensing input (ALS1 or ALS2) features 15 internal software selectable voltage  
setting resistors. This allows the LM3530 the capability of interfacing with a wide selection of ambient light  
sensors. Additionally, the ALS inputs can be configured as high impedance, thus providing for a true shutdown  
during low power modes. The ALS resistors are selectable through the ALS Resistor Select Register (see  
Table 9). Figure 26 shows a functional block diagram of the ambient light sensor input. VSNS represents the  
active input as described in Table 6 bits [6:5].  
Vdd  
ALS Path Functional Diagram  
Vsns  
VOUT  
Zone  
Averager  
(LPF)  
Discriminator  
A/D  
7 bits  
7 bits  
ALS Resistor  
Z0 target light  
Z1 target light  
Z2 target light  
Z3 target light  
Z4 target light  
0
1
2
3
4
Input  
Light  
0
1
2
3
Zline  
Zline  
Zline  
Zline  
Light output  
Targets for  
Each of 5  
Ambient  
Select Register  
8 bits  
ALSRS  
Zone  
Definiton  
Registers  
1
0
Ramp  
control  
7 bits  
7 bits  
7 bits  
LED Driver  
Light zones  
Brightness  
User Selectable w/  
Typical Defaults  
User Selectable w/  
Typical Defaults  
3 bits  
Ramp Rate  
Selection  
ALS Select  
Figure 26. Ambient Light Sensor Functional Block Diagram  
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Feature Description (continued)  
8.3.4 ALS Operation  
The ambient light sensor input has a 0-V to 1-V operational input voltage range. LM3530 Typical Application  
shows the LM3530 with dual ambient light sensors (AVAGO, APDS-9005) and the internal ALS Resistor Select  
Register set to 0x44 (2.27 k). This circuit converts 0 to 1000 LUX light into approximately a 0-mV to 850-mV  
linear output voltage. The voltage at the active ambient light sensor input (ALS1 or ALS2) is compared against  
the 8 bit values programmed into the Zone Boundary Registers (ZB0-ZB3). When the ambient light sensor output  
crosses one of the ZB0 – ZB3 programmed thresholds the internal ALS circuitry will smoothly transition the LED  
current to the new 7 bit brightness level as programmed into the appropriate Zone Target Register (Z0T – Z4T)  
(see Figure 27).  
The ALS Configuration Register bits [6:5] programs which input is the active input, bits [4:3] control the on/off  
state of the ALS circuitry, and bits [2:0] control the ALS input averaging time. Additionally, the ALS Information  
Register is a read-only register which contains a flag (bit 3) which is set each time the active ALS input changes  
to a new zone. This flag is reset when the register is read back. Bits [2:0] of this register contain the current  
active zone information.  
Vals_ref =  
1V  
Full  
Scale  
Zone 4  
ZB3  
Zone 3  
ZB2  
ZB1  
ZB0  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
Z1T  
Z2T  
Z3T  
Z0T  
Z4T  
Ambient Light (lux)  
LED Driver Input Code (0-127)  
Figure 27. Ambient Light Input To Backlight Mapping  
8.3.5 ALS Averaging Time  
The ALS Averaging Time is the time over which the Averager block collects samples from the A/D converter and  
then averages them to pass to the discriminator block (see Figure 26). Ambient light sensor samples are  
averaged and then further processed by the discriminator block to provide rejection of noise and transient  
signals. The averager is configurable with 8 different averaging times to provide varying amounts of noise and  
transient rejection (see Table 5). The discriminator block algorithm has a maximum latency of two averaging  
cycles; therefore, the averaging time selection determines the amount of delay that will exist between a steady-  
state change in the ambient light conditions and the associated change of the backlight illumination. For  
example, the A/D converter samples the ALS inputs at 16 kHz. If the averaging time is set to 1024 ms then the  
Averager will send the updated zone information to the discriminator every 1024 ms. This zone information  
contains the average of 16384 samples (1024 ms × 16 kHz). Due to the latency of 2 averaging cycles, the LED  
current will not change until there has been a steady-state change in the ambient light for at least 2 averaging  
periods.  
8.3.5.1 Averager Operation  
The magnitude and direction (either increasing or decreasing) of the Averager output is used to determine  
whether the LM3530 should change brightness zones. The Averager block functions as follows:  
1. First, the Averager always begins with a Zone 0 reading stored at start-up. If the main display LEDs are  
active before the ALS block is enabled, it is recommended that the ALS Enable 1 bit is set to '1' at least 3  
averaging periods before the ALS Enable 2 bit is set.  
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Feature Description (continued)  
2. The Averager will always round down to the lower zone in the event of a non-integer zone average. For  
example, if during an averaging period the ALS input transitions between zones 1 and 2 resulting in an  
averager output of 1.75, then the averager output will round down to 1 (see Figure 28).  
3. The two most current averaging samples are used to make zone change decisions.  
4. To make a zone change, data from three averaging cycles are needed. (Starting Value, First Transition,  
Second Transition or Rest).  
5. To Increase the brightness zone, the Averager output must have increased for at least 2 averaging periods  
or increased and remained at the new level for at least two averaging periods ('+' to '+' or '+' to 'Rest' in  
Figure 29).  
6. To decrease the brightness zone, the Averager output must have decreased for at least 2 averaging periods  
or decreased and remained at the new level for at least two averaging periods ('-' to '-' or '-' to 'Rest' in  
Figure 29).  
In the case of two consecutive increases or decreases in the Averager output, the LM3530 will transition to zone  
equal to the last averager output (Figure 29).  
Using the diagram for the ALS block (Figure 26), the flow of information is shown in (Figure 30). This starts with  
the ALS input into the A/D, into the Averager, and then into the Discriminator. Each state filters the previous  
output to help prevent unwanted zone to zone transitions.  
When using the ALS averaging function, it is important to remember that the averaging cycle is free running and  
is not synchronized with changing ambient lighting conditions. Due to the nature of the averager round down, an  
increase in brightness can take between 2 and 3 averaging cycles to change zones, while a decrease in  
brightness can take between 1 and 2 averaging cycles. See Table 6 for a list of possible Averager periods.  
Figure 31 shows an example of how the perceived brightness change time can vary.  
Zone 4  
Zone 3  
Averager Output  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
µ5¶ꢀ= Rest, µ+¶ꢀ= Increase, µ-µꢀ= Decrease  
Zone 4  
Zone 3  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
Zone  
Average  
1.0 1.75 3.5  
4.0 2.25 2.25 1.5  
Averager  
Output  
1
1
3
4
2
2
1
R
+
R
R
+
+
+
+
R
R
-
R
R
R
Brightness  
Zone  
Figure 28. Averager Calculation  
0
4
0
0
4
0
1
3
4
1
3
4
3
1
4
4
0
4
4
0
1
4
0
1
Zone 4  
Zone 3  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
R
-
-
-
-
Brightness  
Zone  
Zone 4  
Zone 3  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
R
+
-
+
-
Brightness  
Zone  
Figure 29. Brightness Zone Change Examples  
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1 Ave  
Period  
1 Ave  
Period  
Zone4  
Zone3  
Zone2  
Zone1  
Zone0  
ALS Input  
Zone4  
Zone3  
Zone2  
Zone1  
Zone0  
Averager  
Output  
1
1
3
4
2
2
1
=
t
=
BRGT-CHANGE  
2.75 Average  
Time  
Averager Output  
Zone4  
Zone3  
Zone2  
Zone1  
Zone0  
t
BRGT-CHANGE  
1.75 Average Time  
Figure 30. Ambient Light Input To Backlight  
Transition  
LED Brightness  
Zone  
Zone4  
Zone3  
Zone2  
Zone1  
Zone0  
Figure 31. Perceived Brightness Change Time  
8.3.6 Zone Boundary Settings  
Registers 0x60, 0x61, 0x62, and 0x63 set the 4 zone boundaries (thresholds) for the ALS inputs. These 4 zone  
boundaries create 5 brightness zones which map over to 5 separate brightness zone targets (see Figure 27).  
Each 8-bit zone boundary register can set a threshold from typically 0 to 1 V with linear step sizes of  
approximately 1/255 = 3.92 mV. Additionally, each zone boundary has built in hysteresis which can be either  
lower or higher then the programmed Zone Boundary depending on the last direction (either up or down) of the  
ALS input voltage.  
8.3.7 Zone Boundary Trip Points and Hysteresis  
For each zone boundary setting, the trip point will vary above or below the nominal set point depending on the  
direction (either up or down) of the ALS input voltage. This is designed to keep the ALS input from oscillating  
back and forth between zones in the event that the ALS voltage is residing near to the programmed zone  
boundary threshold. The Zone Boundary Hysteresis will follow these 2 rules:  
1. If the last zone transition was from low to high, then the trip point (VTRIP) will be VZONE_BOUNDARY - VHYST/2,  
where VZONE_BOUNDARY is the zone boundary set point as programmed into the Zone Boundary registers, and  
VHYST is typically 7 mV.  
2. If the last zone transition was from high to low then the trip point (VTRIP) will be VZONE_BOUNDARY + VHYST/2.  
Figure 32 details how the LM3530 ALS Input Zone Boundary Thresholds vary depending on the direction of the  
ALS input voltage.  
Referring to Figure 32, each numbered trip point shown is determined from the direction of the previous ALS  
zone transition.  
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1V  
Zone 4  
VHYST  
2
VZB3  
+
Zone Boundary 3  
VHYST  
2
-
VZB3  
Zone 3  
Zone 2  
Zone 1  
Zone 0  
#1  
VHYST  
2
+
VZB2  
Zone Boundary 2  
VHYST  
2
-
VZB2  
#8  
#3  
#2  
VHYST  
2
+
VZB1  
Zone Boundary 1  
VHYST  
2
-
VZB1  
#4  
#7  
#5  
#6  
VHYST  
2
+
VZB0  
Zone Boundary 0  
VHYST  
2
-
VZB0  
Figure 32. Zone Boundaries With Hysteresis  
8.3.8 Minimum Zone Boundary Settings  
The actual minimum zone boundary setting is code 0x03. Codes of 0x00, 0x01, and 0x02 are all mapped to code  
0x03. Table 1 shows the Zone Boundary codes 0x00 through 0x04, the typical thresholds, and the high and low  
hysteresis values. The remapping of codes 0x00 - 0x02 plus the additional 4mV of offset voltage is necessary to  
prevent random offsets and noise on the ALS inputs from creating threshold levels that are below GND. This  
essentially guarantees that any Zone Boundary threshold selected is achievable with positive ALS voltages.  
Table 1. Ideal Zone Boundary Settings with Hysteresis (Lower 5 Codes)  
ZONE BOUNDARY CODE  
TYPICAL ZONE BOUNDARY  
THRESHOLD (mV)  
TYPICAL THRESHOLD +  
HYSTERESIS (mV)  
TYPICAL THRESHOLD -  
HYSTERESIS (mV)  
0x00  
0x01  
0x02  
0x03  
0x04  
15.8  
15.8  
15.8  
15.8  
19.7  
19.3  
19.3  
19.3  
19.3  
23.2  
12.3  
12.3  
12.3  
12.3  
16.2  
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8.3.9 LED Current Control  
The LED current is is a function of the Full Scale Current, the Brightness Code, and the PWM input duty cycle.  
The Brightness Code can either come from the BRT Register (0xA0) in I2C-Compatible Current Control, or from  
the ALS Zone Target Registers (Address 0x70-0x74) in Ambient Light Current Control. Figure 33 shows the  
current control block diagram.  
V
OUT  
Mapping Mode Select Bit  
(0 = Exponental, 1 = Linear)  
Dig Code  
1bit  
Active Zone  
Target  
1
0
Register  
7 bits  
7 bits  
7 bits  
LED Ramp  
Rate Control  
DAC  
7 bits  
BRT  
Register  
Note 1  
ACODE  
3 bits  
3 bits  
Ramp Rate  
Decreasing  
Ramp Rate  
Increasing  
ALS Select  
IFS  
(5 mA - 30 mA)  
Full Scale  
Current  
Full Scale Current Select Bits 3 bits  
LED Driver  
ILED  
PWM Polarity Bit  
(0 = active high,  
1 = active low)  
Note 3  
EN_PWM bit  
LPF  
PWM  
Note 2  
DPWM  
ACODE Is a Scaler between 0 and 1 based on the Brightness Data or Zone Target Data Depending on the ALS Select Bit  
DPWM Is a Scaler between 0 and 1 and corresponds to the duty cycle of the PWM input signal  
Note 1:  
Note 2:  
Note 3: For EN_PWM bit = 1  
x
x
ILED = IFS ACODE DPWM  
For EN_PWM bit = 0  
x
ILED = IFS ACODE  
Figure 33. Current Control Block Diagram  
8.3.10 Exponential or Linear Brightness Mapping Modes  
With bit [1] of the General Configuration Register set to 0 (default) exponential mapping is selected and the code  
in the Brightness Control Register corresponds to the Full-Scale LED current percentages in Table 2 and  
Figure 34. With bit [1] set to 1 linear mapping is selected and the code in the Brightness Control Register  
corresponds to the Full-Scale LED current percentages in Table 3 and Figure 35.  
8.3.11 PWM Input Polarity  
Bit [6] of the General Configuration Register controls the PWM input polarity. Setting this bit to 0 (default) selects  
positive polarity and makes the LED current (with PWM mode enabled) a function of the positive duty cycle at  
PWM. With this bit set to ‘0’ the LED current (with PWM mode enabled) becomes a function of the negative duty  
cycle at PWM.  
The PWM input is a logic level input with a frequency range of 400 Hz to 50 kHz. Internal filtering of the PWM  
input signal converts the duty cycle information to an average (analog) control signal which directly controls the  
LED current.  
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Example: PWM + I2C-Compatible Current Control:  
As an example, assume the the General Configuration Register is loaded with (0x2D). From Table 5, this sets up  
the LM3530 with:  
Simple Enable OFF (bit 7 = 0)  
Positive PWM Polarity (bit 6 = 0)  
PWM Enabled (bit 5 = 1)  
Full-Scale Current set at 15.5 mA (bits [4:2] = 100)  
Brightness Mapping set for Exponential (bit 1 = 0)  
Device Enabled via I2C (bit 0 = 1)  
Next, the Brightness Control Register is loaded with 0x73. This sets the LED current to 51.406% of full scale (see  
Equation 1). Finally, the PWM input is driven with a 0-V to 2-V pulse waveform at 70% duty cycle. The LED  
current under these conditions will be:  
ILED = ILED_FS x BRT x D = 15.5 mA x 51.4% x 70% | 5.58 mA.  
where  
BRT is the percentage of ILED_FS as set in the Brightness Control Register  
(1)  
8.3.12 I2C-Compatible Current Control Only  
I2C-Compatible Control is enabled by writing a '1' to the I2C Device Enable bit (bit [0] of the General  
Configuration Register), a '0' to the Simple Enable bit (bit 7), and a '0' to the PWM Enable bit (bit 5). With bit 5 =  
0, the duty cycle information at the PWM input is not used in setting the LED current.  
In this mode the LED current is a function of the Full-Scale LED current bits (bits [4:2] of the General  
Configuration Register) and the code in the Brightness Control Register. The LED current mapping for the  
Brightness Control Register can be linear or exponential depending on bit [1] in the General Configuration  
Register (see Exponential or Linear Brightness Mapping Modes section). Using I2C-Compatible Control Only, the  
Full-Scale LED Current bits and the Brightness Control Register code provides nearly 1016 possible current  
levels selectable over the I2C-compatible interface.  
Example: I2C-Compatible Current Control Only:  
As an example, assume the General Configuration Register is loaded with 0x15. From Table 5 this sets up the  
LM3530 with:  
Simple Enable OFF (bit 7 = 0)  
Positive PWM Polarity (bit 6 = 0)  
PWM Disabled (bit 5 = 0)  
Full-Scale Current set at 22.5mA (bits [4:2] = 101)  
Brightness Mapping set for Exponential (bit 1 = 0)  
Device Enabled via I2C (bit 0 = 1)  
The Brightness Control Register is then loaded with 0x72 (48.438% of full-scale current from Equation 2). The  
LED current with this configuration becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS x BRT = 22.5 mA x 0.48438 | 10.9 mA.  
where  
BRT is the % of ILED_FS as set in the Brightness Control Register.  
(2)  
Next, the brightness mapping is set to linear mapping mode (bit [1] in General Configuration Register set to 1).  
Using the same Full-Scale current settings and Brightness Control Register settings as before, the LED current  
becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS x BRT = 22.5 mA x 0.8976 | 20.2 mA.  
(3)  
Which is higher now since the code in the Brightness Control Register (0x72) corresponds to 89.76% of Full-  
Scale LED Current due to the different mapping mode given in Figure 34.  
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100  
10  
1
0.1  
0.01  
1
8
15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 113 120 127  
CODE (DECMIL)  
Figure 34. Exponential Brightness Mapping  
Table 2. ILED vs. Brightness Register Data (Exponential Mapping)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% FULL-SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT DATA (HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT  
DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
0x00  
0x01  
0x02  
0x03  
0x04  
0x05  
0x06  
0x07  
0x08  
0x09  
0x0A  
0x0B  
0x0C  
0x0D  
0x0E  
0x0F  
0x10  
0x11  
0x12  
0x13  
0x14  
0x15  
0x16  
0x17  
0x18  
0x19  
0x1A  
0x1B  
0x1C  
0.00%  
0.080%  
0.086%  
0.094%  
0.102%  
0.109%  
0.117%  
0.125%  
0.133%  
0.141%  
0.148%  
0.156%  
0.164%  
0.172%  
0.180%  
0.188%  
0.203%  
0.211%  
0.227%  
0.242%  
0.250%  
0.266%  
0.281%  
0.297%  
0.320%  
0.336%  
0.352%  
0.375%  
0.398%  
0x20  
0x21  
0x22  
0x23  
0x24  
0x25  
0x26  
0x27  
0x28  
0x29  
0x2A  
0x2B  
0x2C  
0x2D  
0x2E  
0x2F  
0x30  
0x31  
0x32  
0x33  
0x34  
0x35  
0x36  
0x37  
0x38  
0x39  
0x3A  
0x3B  
0x3C  
0.500%  
0.523%  
0.555%  
0.586%  
0.617%  
0.656%  
0.695%  
0.734%  
0.773%  
0.820%  
0.867%  
0.914%  
0.969%  
1.031%  
1.078%  
1.148%  
1.219%  
1.281%  
1.359%  
1.430%  
1.523%  
1.594%  
1.688%  
1.781%  
1.898%  
2.016%  
2.109%  
2.250%  
2.367%  
0x40  
0x41  
0x42  
0x43  
0x44  
0x45  
0x46  
0x47  
0x48  
0x49  
0x4A  
0x4B  
0x4C  
0x4D  
0x4E  
0x4F  
0x50  
0x51  
0x52  
0x53  
0x54  
0x55  
0x56  
0x57  
0x58  
0x59  
0x5A  
0x5B  
0x5C  
2.953%  
3.125%  
3.336%  
3.500%  
3.719%  
3.906%  
4.141%  
4.375%  
4.648%  
4.922%  
5.195%  
5.469%  
5.781%  
6.125%  
6.484%  
6.875%  
7.266%  
7.656%  
8.047%  
8.594%  
9.063%  
9.609%  
10.078%  
10.781%  
11.250%  
11.953%  
12.656%  
13.359%  
14.219%  
0x60  
0x61  
0x62  
0x63  
0x64  
0x65  
0x66  
0x67  
0x68  
0x69  
0x6A  
0x6B  
0x6C  
0x6D  
0x6E  
0x6F  
0x70  
0x71  
0x72  
0x73  
0x74  
0x75  
0x76  
0x77  
0x78  
0x79  
0x7A  
0x7B  
0x7C  
17.813%  
18.750%  
19.922%  
20.859%  
22.266%  
23.438%  
24.844%  
26.250%  
27.656%  
29.297%  
31.172%  
32.813%  
34.453%  
35.547%  
38.828%  
41.016%  
43.203%  
45.938%  
48.438%  
51.406%  
54.141%  
57.031%  
60.703%  
63.984%  
67.813%  
71.875%  
75.781%  
79.688%  
84.375%  
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Table 2. ILED vs. Brightness Register Data (Exponential Mapping) (continued)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% FULL-SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT DATA (HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
BRT  
DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
0x1D  
0x1E  
0x1F  
0.422%  
0.445%  
0.469%  
0x3D  
0x3E  
0x3F  
2.508%  
2.648%  
2.789%  
0x5D  
0x5E  
0x5F  
15.000%  
15.859%  
16.875%  
0x7D  
0x7E  
0x7F  
89.844%  
94.531%  
100.00%  
100  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
1
8
15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 113 120 127  
CODE (DECMIL)  
Figure 35. Linear Brightness Mapping  
Table 3. ILED vs. Brightness Register Data (Linear Mapping)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% FULL-  
SCALE  
CURREN  
T
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
(LINEAR)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF  
FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRE  
NT  
BRT DATA (HEX) % OF FULL-SCALE  
CURRENT (LINEAR)  
(LINEAR)  
(LINEA  
R)  
0x00  
0x01  
0x02  
0x03  
0x04  
0x05  
0x06  
0x07  
0x08  
0x09  
0x0A  
0x0B  
0x0C  
0x0D  
0x0E  
0x0F  
0x10  
0x11  
0x12  
0.00%  
1.57%  
2.35%  
3.13%  
3.91%  
4.69%  
5.48%  
6.26%  
7.04%  
7.82%  
8.60%  
9.38%  
10.16%  
10.94%  
11.72%  
12.51%  
13.29%  
14.07%  
14.85%  
0x20  
0x21  
0x22  
0x23  
0x24  
0x25  
0x26  
0x27  
0x28  
0x29  
0x2A  
0x2B  
0x2C  
0x2D  
0x2E  
0x2F  
0x30  
0x31  
0x32  
25.79%  
26.57%  
27.35%  
28.13%  
28.91%  
29.69%  
30.47%  
31.25%  
32.04%  
32.82%  
33.60%  
34.38%  
35.16%  
35.94%  
36.72%  
37.50%  
38.29%  
39.07%  
39.85%  
0x40  
0x41  
0x42  
0x43  
0x44  
0x45  
0x46  
0x47  
0x48  
0x49  
0x4A  
0x4B  
0x4C  
0x4D  
0x4E  
0x4F  
0x50  
0x51  
0x52  
50.78%  
51.57%  
52.35%  
53.13%  
53.91%  
54.69%  
55.47%  
56.25%  
57.03%  
57.82%  
58.60%  
59.38%  
60.16%  
60.94%  
61.72%  
62.50%  
63.28%  
64.06%  
64.85%  
0x60  
0x61  
0x62  
0x63  
0x64  
0x65  
0x66  
0x67  
0x68  
0x69  
0x6A  
0x6B  
0x6C  
0x6D  
0x6E  
0x6F  
0x70  
0x71  
0x72  
75.78%  
76.56%  
77.35%  
78.13%  
78.91%  
79.69%  
80.47%  
81.25%  
82.03%  
82.81%  
83.59%  
84.38%  
85.16%  
85.94%  
86.72%  
87.50%  
88.28%  
89.06%  
89.84%  
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Table 3. ILED vs. Brightness Register Data (Linear Mapping) (continued)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% FULL-  
SCALE  
CURREN  
T
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRENT  
(LINEAR)  
BRT DATA  
(HEX)  
% OF  
FULL-  
SCALE  
CURRE  
NT  
BRT DATA (HEX) % OF FULL-SCALE  
CURRENT (LINEAR)  
(LINEAR)  
(LINEA  
R)  
0x13  
0x14  
0x15  
0x16  
0x17  
0x18  
0x19  
0x1A  
0x1B  
0x1C  
0x1D  
0x1E  
0x1F  
15.63%  
16.41%  
17.19%  
17.97%  
18.76%  
19.54%  
20.32%  
21.10%  
21.88%  
22.66%  
23.44%  
24.22%  
25.00%  
0x33  
0x34  
0x35  
0x36  
0x37  
0x38  
0x39  
0x3A  
0x3B  
0x3C  
0x3D  
0x3E  
0x3F  
40.63%  
41.41%  
42.19%  
42.97%  
43.75%  
44.53%  
45.32%  
46.10%  
46.88%  
47.66%  
48.44%  
49.22%  
50.00%  
0x53  
0x54  
0x55  
0x56  
0x57  
0x58  
0x59  
0x5A  
0x5B  
0x5C  
0x5D  
0x5E  
0x5F  
65.63%  
66.41%  
67.19%  
67.97%  
68.75%  
69.53%  
70.39%  
71.10%  
71.88%  
72.66%  
73.44%  
74.22%  
75.00%  
0x73  
0x74  
0x75  
0x76  
0x77  
0x78  
0x79  
0x7A  
0x7B  
0x7C  
0x7D  
0x7E  
0x7F  
90.63%  
91.41%  
92.19%  
92.97%  
93.75%  
94.53%  
95.31%  
96.09%  
96.88%  
97.66%  
98.44%  
99.22%  
100.00%  
NOTE  
When determining the LED current from (Table 2 and Table 3 ) there is a typical offset of  
113 µA with a ±300-µA variation that must be added to the calculated value for codes  
0x0A and below. For example, in linear mode with IFULL_SCALE = 19 mA and brightness  
code 0x09 chosen, the nominal current setting is 0.0782 × 19 mA = 1.4858 mA. Adding in  
the 113-µA typical offset gives 1.4858 mA + 0.113 mA = 1.5988 mA. With the typical  
±300-µA range, the high and low currents can be ILOW = 1.2988 mA, IHIGH = 1.8988 mA.  
For exponential mode with codes 0x0A and below, this offset and variation error gets  
divided down by 10 (11.3 µA offset with ±30-µA typical range).  
8.3.13 Simple Enable Disable With PWM Current Control  
With bits [7 and 5] of the General Configuration Register set to ‘1’ the PWM input is enabled as a simple  
enable/disable. The simple enable/disable feature operates as described in Figure 36. In this mode, when the  
PWM input is held high (PWM Polarity bit = 0) for > 2 ms the LM3530 will turn on the LED current at the  
programmed Full-Scale Current × % of Full-Scale Current as set by the code in the Brightness Control Register.  
When the PWM input is held low for > 2 ms the device will shut down. With the PWM Polarity bit = 1 the PWM  
input is configured for active low operation. In this configuration holding PWM low for > 2 ms will turn on the  
device at the programmed Full-Scale Current × % of Full-Scale Current as set by the code in the Brightness  
Control Register. Likewise, holding PWM high for > 2 ms will put the device in shutdown.  
Driving the PWM input with a pulsed waveform at a variable duty cycle is also possible in simple enable/Disable  
mode, so long as the low pulse width is < 2 ms. When a PWM signal is used in this mode the input duty cycle  
information is internally filtered, and an analog voltage is used to control the LED current. This type of PWM  
control (PWM to Analog current control) prevents large voltage excursions across the output capacitor that can  
result in audible noise. Simple Enable/Disable mode can be useful since the default bit setting for the General  
Configuration Register is 0xCC (Simple Enable bit = 1, PWM Enable = 1, and Full-Scale Current = 19mA).  
Additionally, the default Brightness Register setting is 0x7F (100% of Full-Scale current). This gives the LM3530  
the ability to turn on after power up (or after reset) without having to do any writes to the I2C-compatible bus.  
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t > tPWM_HIGH(MAX)  
t < tPWM_HIGH(MIN)  
t < tPWM_LOW(MIN)  
t > tPWM_LOW(MAX)  
Figure 36. Simple Enable/Disable Timing  
Example: Simple Enable Disable with PWM Current Control):  
As an example, assume that the HWEN input is toggled low then high. This resets the LM3530 and sets all the  
registers to their default value. When the PWM input is then pulled high for > 2 ms the LED current becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS BRT x D = 19 mA x 1.00 x 100% | 19 mA.  
x
where  
BRT is the % of ILED_FS as set in the Brightness Control Register.  
(4)  
(5)  
If then the PWM input is fed with a 5-kHz pulsed waveform at 40% duty cycle the LED current becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS BRT x D = 19 mA x 1.00 x 0.4 | 7.6 mA.  
x
Then, if the Brightness Control Register is loaded with 0x55 (9.6% of Full-Scale Current) the LED current  
becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS BRT x D = 19 mA x 9.65 x 0.4 | 0.73 mA.  
x
(6)  
8.3.14 Ambient Light Current Control  
With bits [4:3] of the ALS Configuration Register both set to 1, the LM3530 is configured for Ambient Light  
Current Control. In this mode the ambient light sensing inputs (ALS1, and/or ALS2) monitor the outputs of analog  
output ambient light sensing photo diodes and adjust the LED current depending on the ambient light. The  
ambient light sensing circuit has 4 configurable Ambient Light Boundaries (ZB0 – ZB3) programmed through the  
four (8-bit) Zone Boundary Registers. These zone boundaries define 5 ambient brightness zones (Figure 27).  
Each zone corresponds to a programmable brightness setting which is programmable through the 5 Zone Target  
Registers (Z0T – Z4T). When the ALS1, and/or ALS2 input (depending on the bit settings of the ALS Input Select  
bits) detects that the ambient light has crossed to a new zone (as defined by one of the Zone Boundary  
Registers) the LED current becomes a function of the Brightness Code loaded in the Zone Target Register which  
corresponds to the new ambient light brightness zone.  
On start-up the 4 Zone Boundary Registers are pre-loaded with 0x33 (51d), 0x66 (102d), 0x99 (153d), and 0xCC  
(204d). Each ALS input has a 1-V active input voltage range with a 4mV offset voltage which makes the default  
Zone Boundaries set at:  
Zone Boundary 0 = 1V × 51/255 + 4 mV = 204 mV  
Zone Boundary 1 = 1V × 102/255 + 4 mV = 404 mV  
Zone Boundary 2 = 1V × 153/255 + 4 mV = 604 mV  
Zone Boundary 3 = 1V × 204/255 + 4 mV = 804 mV  
These Zone Boundary Registers are all 8-bit (readable and writable) registers. The first zone (Z0) is defined  
between 0 and 204 mV, the Z1 default is defined between 204 mV and 404 mV, the Z2 default is defined  
between 404 mV and 604 mV, the Z3 default is defined between 604 mV and 804 mV, and the Z4 default is  
defined between 804 mV and 1.004 V. The default settings for the 5 Zone Target Registers are 0x19, 0x33,  
0x4C, 0x66, and 0x7F. This corresponds to LED brightness settings of 0.336%, 1.43%, 5.781%, 24.844%, and  
100% of full-scale current respectively (assuming exponential backlight mapping).  
Example: Ambient Light Control Current:  
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As an example, assume that the APDS-9005 is used as the ambient light sensing photo diode with its output  
connected to the ALS1 input. The ALS Resistor Select Register is loaded with 0x04 which configures the ALS1  
input for a 2.27-kinternal pull-down resistor (see Table 9). The APDS-9005 has a typical 400nA/LUX response.  
With a 2.27-kresistor the sensor output would see a 0-mV to 908-mV swing with a 0 to 1000 LUX change in  
ambient light. Next, the ALS Configuration Register is programmed with 0x3C. From Table 6, this configures the  
LM3530’s ambient light sensing interface for:  
ALS1 as the active ALS input (bits [6:5] = 01)  
Ambient Light Current Control Enabled (bit 4 = 1)  
ALS circuitry Enabled (bit 3 = 1)  
Sets the ALS Averaging Time to 512 ms (bits [2:0] = 100)  
Next, the General Configuration Register is programmed with 0x19 which sets the Full-Scale Current to 26 mA,  
selects Exponential Brightness Mapping, and enables the device via the I2C-compatible interface.  
Now assume that the APDS-9005 ambient light sensor detects a 100 LUX ambient light at its input. This forces  
the ambient light sensors output (and the ALS1 input) to 87.5mV corresponding to Zone 0. Since Zone 0 points  
to the brightness code programmed in Zone Target Register 0 (loaded with code 0x19), the LED current  
becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS u ZoneTarget0 = 26 mA u 0.336% | 87 PA.  
(7)  
Where the code in Zone Target Register 0 points to the % of ILED_FS as given by Table 2 or Table 3,  
depending on whether Exponential or Linear Mapping are selected.  
Next, assume that the ambient light changes to 500 LUX (corresponding to an ALS1 voltage of 454 mV). This  
moves the ambient light into Zone 2 which corresponds to Zone Target Register 2 (loaded with code 0x4C) the  
LED current then becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS x ZoneTarget2 = 26 mA x 5.781% |1.5 mA.  
(8)  
8.3.15 Ambient Light Current Control + PWM  
The Ambient Light Current Control can also be a function of the PWM input duty cycle. Assume the LM3530 is  
configured as described in the above Ambient Light Current Control example, but this time the Enable PWM bit  
set to ‘1’ (General Configuration Register bit [5]).  
Example: Ambient Light Current Control + PWM  
In this example, the APDS-9005 detects that the ambient light has changed to 1 kLUX. The voltage at ALS1 is  
now around 908 mV, and the ambient light falls within Zone 5. This causes the LED brightness to be a function  
of Zone Target Register 5 (loaded with 0x7F). Now assume the PWM input is also driven with a 50% duty cycle  
pulsed waveform. The LED current now becomes:  
ILED = ILED_FS x ZoneTarget5 x D = 26 mA x 100% x 50% | 13 mA.  
(9)  
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Example: ALS Averaging:  
As an example, suppose the LM3530 ALS Configuration Register is loaded with 0x3B. This configures the device  
for:  
ALS1 as the active ALS input (bits [6:5] = 01)  
Enables Ambient Light Current Control (bit 4 = 1)  
Enables the ALS circuitry (bit 3 = 1)  
Sets the ALS Averaging Time to 256 ms (bits [2:0] = 011)  
Next, the ALS Resistor Select Register is loaded with 0x04. This configures the ALS2 input as high impedance  
and configures the ALS1 input with a 2.27-kinternal pull-down resistor. The Zone Boundary Registers and  
Zone Target Registers are left with their default values. The Brightness Ramp Rate Register is loaded with 0x2D.  
This sets up the LED current ramp rate at 16.384 ms/step. Finally, the General Configuration Register is loaded  
with 0x15. This sets up the device with:  
Simple Enable OFF (bit 7 = 0)  
PWM Polarity High (bit 6 = 0)  
PWM Input Disabled (bit 5 = 0)  
Full-Scale Current = 22.5mA (bits [4:2] = 101)  
Brightness Mapping Mode as Exponential (bit 1 = 0)  
Device Enabled via I2C (bit 0 = 1)  
As the device starts up the APDS-9005 ambient light sensor (connected to the ALS1 input) detects 500 LUX.  
This puts approximately 437.5 mV at ALS1 (see Figure 37). This places the measured ambient light between  
Zone Boundary Registers 1 and 2, thus corresponding to Zone Target Register 2. The default value for this  
register is 0x4C. The LED current is programmed to:  
ILED = ILED_FS x ZoneTarget2 = 22.5 mA x 5.781% | 1.3 mA.  
(10)  
Referring to Figure 37, initially the Averager is loaded with Zone 0 so it takes 2 averaging periods for the LM3530  
to change to the new zone. After the ALS1 voltage remains at 437.5 mV for two averaging periods (end of period  
2) the LM3530 repeats Zone 2 and signals the LED current to begin ramping to the Zone 2 target beginning at  
average period 3. Since the ramp rate is set at 16.384 ms/step the LED current goes from 0 to 1.3 mA in 76 ×  
16.384 ms = 1.245s (approximately 5 average periods).  
After the LED current has been at its steady state of 1.3 mA for a while, the ambient light suddenly steps to 900  
LUX for 500 ms and then steps back to 500 LUX. In this case the 900 LUX will place the ALS1 voltage at  
approximately 979 mV corresponding to Zone 4 somewhere during average period 10 and fall back to 437.5 mV  
somewhere during average period 12. The averager output during period #10 goes to 3, and then during period  
11, goes to 4. Since there have been 2 increases in the average during period 10 and period 11, the beginning of  
average period #12 shows a change in the brightness zone to Zone 4. This results in the LED current ramping to  
the new value of 22.5 mA (the Zone 4 target). During period #12 the ambient light steps back to 500 LUX and  
forces ALS1 to 437.5 mV (corresponding to Zone 2). After average period 12 and period 13 have shown that the  
averager transitioned lower two times, the brightness zone changes to the new target at the beginning of period  
14. This signals the LED current to ramp down to the zone 2 target of 1.3 mA. Looking back at average period 12  
and period 13, the LED current was only able to ramp up to 7.38 mA due to the ramp rate of 16.384 ms/step (2  
average periods of 256 ms each) before it was instructed to ramp back to the Zone 2 target at the start of period  
14. This example demonstrates not only the averaging feature, but how additional filtering of transient events on  
the ALS inputs can be accomplished by using the LED current ramp rates.  
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LM3530 turns on  
and averaging  
begins  
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
1
2
3
4
5
6
979 mV (900 LUX)  
VALS1  
437.5 mV  
(500 LUX)  
0 mV  
4
3
3
2
2
ALS  
Average  
Zone 4  
Zone 2  
Zone 2  
Brightness  
Zone  
Zone 0  
7.38 mA  
LED  
Current  
1.3 mA  
0
Figure 37. ALS Averaging Example  
8.3.16 Interrupt Output  
INT is an open-drain output which pulls low when the Ambient Light Sensing circuit has transitioned to a new  
ambient brightness zone. When a read-back of the ALS Information Register is done INT is reset to the open  
drain state.  
8.3.17 Overvoltage Protection  
Overvoltage protection is set at 40 V (minimum) for the LM3530-40 and 23.6 V minimum for the LM3530-25. The  
40-V version allows typically up to 11 series white LEDs (assuming 3.5 V per LED + 400 mV headroom voltage  
for the current sink = 38.9 V). When the OVP threshold is reached the LM3530 switching converter stops  
switching, allowing the output voltage to discharge. Switching will resume when the output voltage falls to  
typically 1 V below the OVP threshold. In the event of an LED open circuit the output will be limited to around 40  
V with a small amount of voltage ripple. The 25-V version allows up to 6 series white LEDs (assuming 3.5-V per  
LED + 400 mV headroom voltage for the current sink = 21.4 V). The 25-V OVP option allows for the use of lower  
voltage and smaller sized (25 V) output capacitors. The 40-V device would typically require a 50-V output  
capacitor.  
8.3.18 Hardware Enable  
The HWEN input is an active high hardware enable which must be pulled high to enable the device. Pulling this  
pin low disables the I2C-compatible interface, the simple enable/disable input, the PWM input, and resets all  
registers to their default state (see Table 4).  
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8.3.19 Thermal Shutdown  
In the event the die temperature reaches 140°C, the LM3530 will stop switching until the die temperature cools  
by 15°C. In a thermal shutdown event the device is not placed in reset; therefore, the contents of the registers  
are left in their current state.  
8.4 Device Functional Modes  
8.4.1 Shutdown  
With HWEN Low, or bit 0 in register 0x10 set to 0, the device is in shutdown. In this mode the boost converter  
and the current sink are both off and the supply current into IN is reduced to typically 1 µA.  
8.4.2 I2C Mode  
I2C-Compatible Control Mode is enabled by writing a '1' to the I2C Device Enable bit (bit [0] of the General  
Configuration Register), a '0' to the Simple Enable bit (bit 7), and a '0' to the PWM Enable bit (bit 5). With bit 5 =  
0, the duty cycle information at the PWM input is not used in setting the LED current. In this mode the LED  
current is a function of the Full-Scale LED current bits (bits [4:2] of the General Configuration Register) and the  
code in the Brightness Control Register. The LED current mapping for the Brightness Control Register can be  
linear or exponential depending on bit [1] in the General Configuration Register (see Exponential or Linear  
Brightness Mapping Modes section). Using I2C-Compatible Control Only, the Full-Scale LED Current bits and the  
Brightness Control Register code provides nearly 1016 possible current levels selectable over the I2C-compatible  
interface.  
8.4.3 PWM + I2C Mode  
PWM + I2C-compatible current control mode is enabled by writing a ‘1’ to the Enable PWM bit (General  
Configuration Register bit [5]) and writing a ‘1’ to the I2C Device Enable bit (General Configuration Register bit 0).  
This makes the LED current a function of the PWM input duty cycle (D), the Full-Scale LED current (ILED_FS), and  
the % of full-scale LED current . The % of Full-Scale LED current is set by the code in the Brightness Control  
Register. The LED current using PWM + I2C-Compatible Control is given by Equation 11:  
ILED  
I
BRT x D  
x
=
LED_FS  
(11)  
BRT is the percentage of Full Scale Current as set in the Brightness Control Register. The Brightness Control  
Register can have either exponential or linear brightness mapping depending on the setting of the BMM bit (bit  
[1] in General Configuration Register).  
8.4.4 ALS Mode  
With bits [4:3] of the ALS Configuration Register both set to 1, the LM3530 is configured for Ambient Light  
Current Control. In this mode the ambient light sensing inputs (ALS1, and/or ALS2) monitor the outputs of analog  
output ambient light sensing photo diodes and adjust the LED current depending on the ambient light.  
8.4.5 Simple Enable Mode  
Simple Enable Mode With bits [7 and 5] of the General Configuration Register set to ‘1’ the PWM input is  
enabled as a simple enable/disable. The simple enable/disable feature operates as described in Figure 36. In  
this mode, when the PWM input is held high (PWM Polarity bit = 0) for > 2 ms the LM3530 will turn on the LED  
current at the programmed Full-Scale Current × % of Full-Scale Current as set by the code in the Brightness  
Control Register. When the PWM input is held low for > 2 ms the device will shut down.  
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8.5 Programming  
8.5.1 I2C-Compatible Interface  
8.5.1.1 Start and Stop Condition  
The LM3530 is controlled via an I2C-compatible interface. START and STOP conditions classify the beginning  
and the end of the I2C session. A START condition is defined as SDA transitioning from HIGH to LOW while SCL  
is HIGH. A STOP condition is defined as SDA transitioning from LOW to HIGH while SCL is HIGH. The I2C  
master always generates the START and STOP conditions. The I2C bus is considered busy after a START  
condition and free after a STOP condition. During data transmission, the I2C master can generate repeated  
START conditions. A START and a repeated START conditions are equivalent function-wise. The data on SDA  
must be stable during the HIGH period of the clock signal (SCL). In other words, the state of SDA can only be  
changed when SCL is LOW.  
SDA  
SCL  
S
P
Start Condition  
Stop Condition  
Figure 38. Start and Stop Sequences  
8.5.1.2 I2C-Compatible Address  
The 7bit chip address for the LM3530 is (0x38, or 0x39) for the 40-V version and (0x36) for the 25-V version.  
After the START condition, the IC master sends the 7-bit chip address followed by an eighth bit (LSB) read or  
write (R/W). R/W= 0 indicates a WRITE and R/W = 1 indicates a READ2. The second byte following the chip  
address selects the register address to which the data will be written. The third byte contains the data for the  
selected register.  
I2C Compatible Address  
MSB  
LSB  
0
Bit 2  
0
Bit 7  
1
Bit 6  
1
Bit 5  
1
Bit 4  
0
Bit 3  
0
Bit 1  
R/W  
Bit 0  
Figure 39. I2C-Compatible Chip Address (0x38)  
I2C Compatible Address  
MSB  
LSB  
1
Bit 2  
0
Bit 7  
1
Bit 6  
1
Bit 5  
0
Bit 4  
1
Bit 3  
0
Bit 1  
R/W  
Bit 0  
Figure 40. I2C-Compatible Chip Address (0x36)  
8.5.1.3 Transferring Data  
Every byte on the SDA line must be eight bits long, with the most significant bit (MSB) transferred first. Each byte  
of data must be followed by an acknowledge bit (ACK). The acknowledge related clock pulse (9th clock pulse) is  
generated by the master. The master then releases SDA (HIGH) during the 9th clock pulse. The LM3530 pulls  
down SDA during the 9th clock pulse, signifying an acknowledge. An acknowledge is generated after each byte  
has been received.  
There are fourteen 8-bit registers within the LM3530 as detailed in Table 4.  
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8.6 Register Maps  
8.6.1 Register Descriptions  
Table 4. LM3530 Register Definition  
REGISTER NAME  
FUNCTION  
ADDRESS  
POR VALUE  
1. Simple Interface Enable  
2. PWM Polarity  
3. PWM enable  
General Configuration  
4. Full-Scale Current Selection  
5. Brightness Mapping Mode  
Select  
0x10  
0xB0  
6. I2C Device Enable  
1. ALS Current Control Enable  
2. ALS Input Enable  
3. ALS Input Select  
ALS Configuration  
0x20  
0x2C  
4. ALS Averaging Times  
Brightness Ramp Rate  
ALS Zone Information  
ALS Resistor Select  
Programs the rate of rise and fall  
of the LED current  
0x30  
0x40  
0x41  
0x00  
0x00  
0x00  
1. Zone Boundary Change Flag  
2. Zone Brightness Information  
Internal ALS1 and ALS2  
Resistances  
Brightness Control (BRT)  
Zone Boundary 0 (ZB0)  
Zone Boundary 1 (ZB1)  
Zone Boundary 2 (ZB2)  
Zone Boundary 3 (ZB3)  
Zone Target 0 (Z0T)  
Holds the 7 bit Brightness Data  
ALS Zone Boundary #0  
ALS Zone Boundary #1  
ALS Zone Boundary #2  
ALS Zone Boundary #3  
0xA0  
0x60  
0x61  
0x62  
0x63  
0x70  
0x7F  
0x33  
0x66  
0x99  
0xCC  
0x19  
Zone 0 LED Current Data. The  
LED Current Source transitions to  
the brightness code in Z0T when  
the ALS_ input is less than the  
zone boundary programmed in  
ZB0.  
Zone Target 1 (Z1T)  
Zone Target 2 (Z2T)  
Zone Target 3 (Z3T)  
Zone Target 4 (Z4T)  
Zone 1 LED Current Data. The  
LED Current Source transitions to  
the brightness code in Z1T when  
the ALS_ input is between the  
zone boundaries programmed in  
ZB1 and ZB0.  
0x71  
0x72  
0x73  
0x74  
0x33  
0x4C  
0x66  
0x7F  
Zone 2 LED Current Data. The  
LED Current Source transitions to  
the brightness code in Z2T when  
the ALS_ input is between the  
zone boundaries programmed in  
ZB2 and ZB1.  
Zone 3 LED Current Data. The  
LED Current Source transitions to  
the brightness code in Z3T when  
the ALS_ input is between the  
zone boundaries programmed in  
ZB3 and ZB2.  
Zone 4 LED Current Data. The  
LED Current Source transitions to  
the brightness code in Z4T when  
the ALS_ input is between the  
zone boundaries programmed in  
ZB4 and ZB3.  
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*Note: Unused bits in the LM3530 Registers default to a logic '1'.  
8.6.1.1 General Configuration Register (GP)  
The General Configuration Register (address 0x10) is described in Figure 41 and Table 5.  
General Configuration Register  
Address 0x10, Default Value 0xB0  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 4  
Full  
Scale  
Current  
Select  
Bit 3  
Full  
Scale  
Current  
Select  
Bit 2  
Full  
Scale  
Current  
Select  
Bit 1  
Brightness  
Mapping  
Mode  
Bit 7  
Bit 0  
I2C  
Interface  
Enable  
Bit 6  
PWM  
Polarity  
Bit 5  
PWM  
Enable  
Simple  
Interface  
Enable  
Select  
Figure 41. General Configuration Register  
Table 5. General Configuration Register Description (0x10)  
Bit 7  
Bit 6  
Bit 5  
(EN_PWM)  
see Figure 31  
Bit 4  
(Full-Scale  
Current  
Select)  
Bit 3  
(Full-Scale  
Current  
Select)  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
(PWM Simple (PWM Polarity)  
Enable  
(Full-Scale (Mapping Mode  
Current  
Select)  
(I2C Device  
Enable)  
Select)  
0 = Simple  
Interface at  
PWM Input is  
Disabled  
1 = Simple  
Interface at  
PWM Input is  
Enabled  
0 = PWM active 0 = LED current  
high is not a function  
1 = PWM active of PWM duty  
000 = 5 mA full-scale current  
001 = 8.5 mA full-scale current  
010 = 12 mA full-scale current  
011 = 15.5 mA full-scale current  
100 = 19 mA full-scale current  
101 = 22.5 mA full-scale current  
110 = 26 mA full-scale current  
111 = 29.5 mA full-scale current  
0 = exponential 0 = Device  
mapping  
1 = linear  
mapping  
Disabled  
1 = Device  
Enabled  
low  
cycle  
1 = LED current  
is a function of  
duty cycle  
8.6.1.2 ALS Configuration Register  
The ALS Configuration Register controls the Ambient Light Sensing input functions and is described in Figure 42  
and Table 6.  
ALS Configuration Register  
MSB  
LSB  
Address 0x20, Default Value 0x2C  
Bit 2  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
Bit 1  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
Bit 0  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
Bit 6  
ALS Input  
Select 2  
Bit 5  
ALS Input  
Select 1  
Bit 3  
Bit 7  
(Not Used)  
Bit 4  
ALS  
ALS Mode  
Enable  
Figure 42. ALS Configuration Register  
Table 6. ALS Configuration Register Description (0x20)  
Bit 7  
Bit 6  
ALS Input  
Select  
Bit 5  
ALS Input  
Select  
Bit 4  
ALS Enable  
Bit 3  
ALS Enable  
Bit 2  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
Bit 1  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
Bit 0  
ALS  
Averaging  
Time  
N/A  
00 = The Average of ALS1 and  
ALS2 is used to control the LED Brightness Register is used to  
brightness determine the LED current.  
01 = ALS1 is used to control the 01 = ALS is enabled. The  
LED brightness Brightness Register is used to  
10 = ALS2 is used to control the determine the LED Current.  
00 or 10 = ALS is disabled. The 000 = 32 ms  
001 = 64 ms  
010 = 128 ms  
011 = 256 ms  
100 = 512 ms  
101 = 1024 ms  
110 = 2048 ms  
LED brightness  
11 = ALS inputs are enabled.  
11 = The ALS input with the  
Ambient light determines the LED 111 = 4096 ms  
highest voltage is used to control current.  
the LED brightness  
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8.6.1.3 Brightness Ramp Rate Register  
The Brightness Ramp Rate Register controls the rate of rise or fall of the LED current. Both the rising rate and  
falling rate are independently adjustable Figure 43 and Table 7 describe the bit settings.  
Brightness Ramp Rate Register  
MSB  
Address 0x30, Default Value 0x00  
LSB  
Bit 2  
BRRD2  
Bit 7  
Not Used  
Bit 6  
Not Used  
Bit 5  
BRRI2  
Bit 4  
BRRI1  
Bit 3  
BRRI0  
Bit 1  
BRRD1  
Bit 0  
BRRD0  
Figure 43. Brightness Ramp Rate Register  
Table 7. Brightness Ramp Rate Register Description (0x30)  
Bit 7  
Bit 6  
Bit 5  
Bit 4  
Bit 3  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
(BRRI2)  
(BRRI1)  
(BRRI0)  
(BRRD2)  
(BRRD1)  
(BRRD0)  
N/A  
N/A  
000 = 8 µs/step (1.106 ms from 0 to Full Scale)  
001 = 1.024 ms/step (130 ms from 0 to Full Scale)  
010 = 2.048 ms/step (260 ms from 0 to Full Scale)  
011 = 4.096 ms/step (520 ms from 0 to Full Scale)  
100 = 8.192 ms/step (1.04 s from 0 to Full Scale)  
101 = 16.384 ms/step (2.08 s from 0 to Full Scale)  
110 = 32.768 ms/step (4.16 s from 0 to Full Scale)  
111 = 65.538 ms/step (8.32 s from 0 to Full Scale)  
000 = 8 µs/step (1.106 ms from Full Scale to 0)  
001 = 1.024 ms/step (130 ms from Full Scale to 0)  
010 = 2.048 ms/step (260 ms from Full Scale to 0)  
011 = 4.096 ms/step (520 ms from Full Scale to 0)  
100 = 8.192 ms/step (1.04 s from Full Scale to 0)  
101 = 16.384 ms/step (2.08 s from Full Scale to 0)  
110 = 32.768 ms/step (4.16 s from Full Scale to 0)  
111 = 65.538 ms/step (8.32 s from Full Scale to 0)  
8.6.1.4 ALS Zone Information Register  
The ALS Zone Information Register is a read-only register that is updated every time the active ALS input(s)  
detect that the ambient light has changed to a new zone as programmed in the Zone Boundary Registers. See  
Zone Boundary Register description. A new update to the ALS Zone Information Register is signaled by the INT  
output going from high to low. A read-back of the ALS Zone Information Register will cause the INT output to go  
open-drain again. The Zone Change Flag (bit 3) is also updated on a Zone change and cleared on a read back  
of the ALS Zone Information Register. Figure 44 and Table 8 detail the ALS Zone Information Register.  
ALS Zone Information Register  
Address 0x40, Default Value 0x00  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 3  
Zone  
Boundry  
Bit 2  
Z2  
Bit 1  
Z1  
Bit 0  
Z0  
Bit 7  
Bit 6  
Bit 5  
Bit 4  
(Not Used) (Not Used) (Not Used) (Not Used)  
Change  
Flag  
Zone Data Zone Data Zone Data  
Figure 44. ALS Zone Information Register  
Table 8. ALS Zone Information Register Description (0x40)  
Bit 7  
Bit 6  
Bit 5  
Bit 4  
Bit 3  
Bit 2  
(Z2)  
Bit 1  
(Z1)  
Bit 0  
(Z0)  
(Zone Boundary Change Flag)  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
N/A  
1 = the active ALS input has  
000 = Zone 0  
changed to a new ambient light 001 = Zone 1  
zone as programmed in the 010 = Zone 2  
Zone Boundary Registers (ZB0 011 = Zone 3  
-ZB3)  
100 = Zone 4  
0 = no zone change  
8.6.1.5 ALS Resistor Select Register  
The ALS Resistor Select Register configures the internal resistance from either the ALS1 or ALS2 input to GND.  
Bits [3:0] program the input resistance at the ALS1 input and bits [7:4] program the input resistance at the ALS2  
input. With bits [3:0] set to all zeroes the ALS1 input is high impedance. With bits [7:4] set to all zeroes the ALS2  
input is high impedance.  
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ALS Resistor Select Register  
Address 0x41, Default Value 0x00  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 7  
ALSR2A  
Bit 6  
ALSR2B  
Bit 5  
ALSR2C  
Bit 4  
ALSR2D  
Bit 3  
ALSR1A  
Bit 2  
ALSR1B  
Bit 1  
ALSR1C  
Bit 0  
ALSR1D  
Figure 45. ALS Resistor Select Register  
Table 9. ALS Resistor Select Register Description (0x41)  
Bit 7  
(ALSR2A)  
Bit 6  
(ALSR2B)  
Bit 5  
(ALSR2C)  
Bit 4  
(ALSR2D)  
Bit 3  
(ALSR1A)  
Bit 2  
(ALSR1B)  
Bit 1  
(ALSR1C)  
Bit 0  
(ALSR1D)  
0000 = ALS2 is high impedance  
0001 = 13.531 k(73.9 µA at 1 V)  
0010 = 9.011 k(111 µA at 1 V)  
0011 = 5.4116 k(185 µA at 1 V)  
0100 = 2.271 k(440 µA at 1 V)  
0101 = 1.946 k(514 µA at 1 V)  
0110 = 1.815 k(551 µA at 1 V)  
0111 = 1.6 k(625 µA at 1 V)  
1000 = 1.138 k(879 µA at 1 V)  
1001 = 1.05 k(952 µA at 1 V)  
1010 = 1.011 k(989 µA at 1 V)  
1011 = 941 (1.063 mA at 1 V)  
1100 = 759 (1.318 mA at 1 V)  
1101 = 719 (1.391 mA at 1 V)  
1110 = 700 (1.429 mA at 1 V)  
1111 = 667 (1.499 mA at 1 V)  
0000 = ALS2 is high impedance  
0001 = 13.531 k(73.9 µA at 1 V)  
0010 =9.011 k(111 µA at 1 V)  
0011 = 5.4116 k(185 µA at 1 V)  
0100 = 2.271 k(440 µA at 1 V)  
0101 = 1.946 k(514 µA at 1 V)  
0110 = 1.815 k(551 µA at 1 V)  
0111 = 1.6 k(625 µA at 1 V)  
1000 = 1.138 k(879µA at 1 V)  
1001 = 1.05 k(952 µA at 1 V)  
1010 = 1.011 k(989 µA at 1 V)  
1011 = 941 (1.063 mA at 1 V)  
1100 = 759 (1.318 mA at 1 V)  
1101 = 719 (1.391 mA at 1 V)  
1110 = 700 (1.429 mA at 1 V)  
1111 = 667 (1.499 mA at 1 V)  
8.6.1.6 Brightness Control Register  
The Brightness Register (BRT) is an 8-bit register that programs the 127 different LED current levels (Bits [6:0]).  
The code written to BRT is translated into an LED current as a percentage of ILED_FULLSCALE as set via the Full-  
Scale Current Select bits (General Configuration Register bits [4:2]). The LED current response has a typical  
1000:1 dimming ratio at the maximum full-scale current (General Configuration Register bits [4:2] = (111) and  
using the exponential weighted dimming curve.  
There are two selectable LED current profiles. Setting the General Configuration Register bit 1 to 0 selects the  
exponentially weighted LED current response (see Figure 34). Setting this bit to '1' selects the linear weighted  
curve (see Figure 35). Table 2 and Table 3 show the percentage Full-Scale LED Current at a given Brightness  
Register Code for both the Exponential and Linear current response.  
Brightness Control Register  
Address 0xA0, Default Value 0x7F  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 2  
Data  
Bit 7  
(Not Used)  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Figure 46. Brightness Control Register  
Table 10. Brightness Control Register Description (0xA0)  
Bit 7  
N/A  
Bit 6  
Data (MSB)  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
LED Brightness Data (Bits [6:0]  
Exponential Mapping (see Table 2)  
Linear Mapping (see Table 3)  
0000000 = LEDs Off  
0000000 = LEDs Off  
0000001 = 0.08% of Full Scale  
0000001 = 0.79% of Full Scale  
:
:
:
:
:
:
1111111 = 100% of Full Scale  
1111111 = 100% of Full Scale  
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8.6.1.7 Zone Boundary Register  
The Zone Boundary Registers are programmed with the ambient light sensing zone boundaries. The default  
values are set at 20% (200 mV), 40% (400 mV), 60% (600 mV), and 80% (800 mV) of the full-scale ALS input  
voltage range (1V). The necessary conditions for proper ALS operation are that the data in ZB0 < data in ZB1 <  
data in ZB2 < data in ZB3.  
Zone Boundary Register 0 (ZB0)  
Address 0x60, Default Value 0x33  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 7  
Data  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
Zone Boundary Register 1 (ZB1)  
Address 0x61, Default Value 0x66  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 7  
Data  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
Zone Boundary Register 2 (ZB2)  
Address 0x62, Default Value 0x99  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 7  
Data  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
Zone Boundary Register 3 (ZB3)  
Address 0x63, Default Value 0xCC  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 7  
Data  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
Figure 47. Zone Boundary Registers  
8.6.1.8 Zone Target Registers  
The Zone Target Registers contain the LED brightness data that corresponds to the current active ALS zone.  
The default values for these registers and their corresponding percentage of full-scale current for both linear and  
exponential brightness is shown in Figure 48 and Table 11.  
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Zone Target Register 0 (ZT0)  
Address 0x70, Default Value 0x19  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
N/A  
Zone Target Register 1 (ZT1)  
Address 0x71, Default Value 0x33  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
N/A  
Zone Target Register 2 (ZT2)  
Address 0x72, Default Value 0x4C  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
N/A  
Zone Target Register 3 (ZT3)  
Address 0x73, Default Value 0x66  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
N/A  
Zone Target Register 4 (ZT4)  
Address 0x74, Default Value 0x7F  
MSB  
LSB  
Bit 6  
Data  
Bit 5  
Data  
Bit 4  
Data  
Bit 3  
Data  
Bit 1  
Data  
Bit 0  
Data  
Bit 2  
Data  
N/A  
Figure 48. Zone Target Registers  
Table 11. Zone Boundary and Zone Target Default Mapping  
ZONE BOUNDARY  
(DEFAULT)  
ZONE TARGET  
REGISTER  
FULL-SCALE  
CURRENT  
LINEAR MAPPING  
(DEFAULT)  
EXPONENTIAL  
MAPPING  
(DEFAULT)  
(DEFAULT)  
(DEFAULT)  
Boundary 0,  
Active ALS input is less than 200 mV  
0x19  
19 mA  
19.69% (3.74 µA)  
40.16% (7.63 µA)  
0.336% (68.4 µA)  
Boundary 1,  
0x33  
19 mA  
1.43% (272 µA)  
Active ALS input is between 200 mV and  
400 mV  
Boundary 2,  
Active ALS input is between 400 mV and  
600 mV  
0x4C  
0x66  
0x7F  
19 mA  
19 mA  
19 mA  
59.84% (11.37 mA)  
80.31% (15.26 mA)  
100% (19 mA)  
5.78% (1.098 mA)  
24.84% (4.72 mA)  
100% (19 mA)  
Boundary 3,  
Active ALS input is between 600 mV and  
800 mV  
Boundary 4,  
Active ALS input is greater than 800mV  
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9 Application and Implementation  
NOTE  
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component  
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are  
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should  
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.  
9.1 Application Information  
The LM3530 incorporates a 40-V (maximum output) boost, a single current sink, and a dual ambient light sensor  
interface. The maximum boost output voltage is 40 V (min) for the LM3530-40 version. The LM3530 boost will  
drive the output voltage to whatever voltage necessary to maintain 400mV at the ILED input. The 40-V max  
output typically allows the LM3530 to drive from 2 series up to 12 series LEDs (3.2V max voltage per LED). For  
applications that do not use one or both of the ALS inputs, the ALS input can be connected to GND or left  
floating.  
9.2 Typical Application  
L
D1  
Up to 40V  
2.7V to 5.5V  
C
OUT  
SW  
V
IN  
LOGIC  
C
IN  
10 k:  
10 k: 10 k:  
10 k:  
LM3530  
SCL  
SDA  
OVP  
HWEN  
INT  
PWM  
ILED  
VIN  
VIN  
Ambient Light  
Sensor  
Ambient Light  
Sensor  
ALS1  
ALS2  
GND  
Figure 49. LM3530 Typical Application  
9.2.1 Design Requirements  
Example requirements for typical voltage inverter applications:  
Table 12. Design Parameters  
DESIGN PARAMETER  
Input voltage range  
Output current  
EXAMPLE VALUE  
2.7 V to 5.5 V  
0 mA to 30 mA  
500 kHz  
Boost switching frequency  
Table 13. Application Circuit Component List  
COMPONENT  
MANUFACTURER  
TDK  
PART NUMBER  
VLF3014ST100MR82  
GRM21BR71H105KA12  
GRM188B31A225KE33  
B0540WS  
VALUE  
10 µH  
SIZE  
3 mm × 3 mm × 1.4 mm  
0805  
CURRENT/VOLTAGE RATING  
ISAT = 820 mA  
50 V  
L
COUT  
CIN  
Murata  
1 µF  
Murata  
2.2 µF  
0603  
10 V  
D1  
Diodes Inc.  
Avago  
Schottky  
SOD-323  
40 V/500 mA  
0 to 1100 Lux  
0 to 1100 Lux  
ALS1  
ALS2  
APDS-9005  
Ambient Light Sensor  
Ambient Light Sensor  
1.6 mm x 1.5 mm × 0.6 mm  
1.6 mm x 1.5 mm × 0.6 mm  
Avago  
APDS-9005  
34  
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9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure  
9.2.2.1 LED Current Setting/Maximum LED Current  
The maximum LED current is restricted by the following factors: the maximum duty cycle that the boost converter  
can achieve, the peak current limitations, and the maximum output voltage.  
9.2.2.2 Maximum Duty Cycle  
The LM3530 can achieve up to typically 94% maximum duty cycle. Two factors can cause the duty cycle to  
increase: an increase in the difference between VOUT and VIN and a decrease in efficiency. This is shown by  
Equation 12:  
VIN x ä  
VOUT  
D = 1 -  
(12)  
For a 9-LED configuration VOUT = (3.6 V x 9LED + VHR) = 33 V operating with η = 70% from a 3-V battery, the  
duty cycle requirement would be around 93.6%. Lower efficiency or larger VOUT to VIN differentials can push the  
duty cycle requirement beyond 94%.  
9.2.2.3 Peak Current Limit  
The LM3530 boost converter has a peak current limit for the internal power switch of 839 mA typical (739 mA  
minimum). When the peak switch current reaches the current limit, the duty cycle is terminated resulting in a limit  
on the maximum output current and thus the maximum output power the LM3530 can deliver. Calculate the  
maximum LED current as a function of VIN, VOUT, L, efficiency (η) and IPEAK as:  
(
)
IPEAK - 'IL xK x V  
IN  
=
IOUT_MAX  
VOUT  
(
)
VIN x VOUT -V  
IN  
where 'IL  
=
x
x
x
L VOUT  
2
fSW  
where  
ƒSW = 500 kHz  
η and IPEAK can be found in the Efficiency and IPEAK curves in the Specifications and Application Curves. (13)  
9.2.2.4 Output Voltage Limitations  
The LM3530 has a maximum output voltage of 41 V typical (40 V minimum) for the LM3530-40 version and 24 V  
typical (23.6 V minimum) for the LM3530-25 version. When the output voltage rises above this threshold (VOVP  
the overvoltage protection feature is activated and the duty cycle is terminated. Switching will cease until VOUT  
drops below the hysteresis level (typically 1 V below VOVP). For larger numbers of series connected LEDs the  
output voltage can reach the OVP threshold at larger LED currents and colder ambient temperatures. Typically  
white LEDs have a –3mV/°C temperature coefficient.  
)
9.2.2.5 Output Capacitor Selection  
The LM3530’s output capacitor has two functions: filtering of the boost converters switching ripple, and to ensure  
feedback loop stability. As a filter, the output capacitor supplies the LED current during the boost converters on  
time and absorbs inductor energy during the switch off time. This causes a sag in the output voltage during the  
on time and a rise in the output voltage during the off time. Because of this, the output capacitor must be sized  
large enough to filter the inductor current ripple that could cause the output voltage ripple to become excessive.  
As a feedback loop component, the output capacitor must be at least 1 µF and have low ESR otherwise the  
LM3530 boost converter can become unstable. This requires the use of ceramic output capacitors. Table 14 lists  
part numbers and voltage ratings for different output capacitors that can be used with the LM3530.  
Table 14. Recommended Input/Output Capacitors  
MANUFACTURER  
Murata  
PART NUMBER  
GRM21BR71H105KA12  
GRM188B31A225KE33  
C1608X5R0J225  
VALUE (µF)  
SIZE  
0805  
0805  
0603  
RATING (V)  
DESCRIPTION  
COUT  
1
50  
10  
Murata  
2.2  
2.2  
CIN  
TDK  
6.3  
CIN  
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9.2.2.6 Inductor Selection  
The LM3530 is designed to work with a 10-µH to 22-µH inductor. When selecting the inductor, ensure that the  
saturation rating for the inductor is high enough to accommodate the peak inductor current. Equation 14 and  
Equation 15 calculate the peak inductor current based upon LED current, VIN, VOUT, and efficiency.  
ILED VOUT  
IPEAK  
=
×
+ 'IL  
K
VIN  
(14)  
where:  
V
- VIN  
)
x (VOUT  
IN  
'IL =  
2 x fSW x L x VOUT  
(15)  
When choosing L, the inductance value must also be large enough so that the peak inductor current is kept  
below the LM3530 switch current limit. This forces a lower limit on L given by Equation 16.  
(
)
VIN x VOUT - V  
IN  
L >  
ILED_ MAX x VOUT  
§
·
2 x fSW x VOUT  
x
I
-
SW_MAX  
¸
¸
¨
¨
K x VIN  
¹
©
(16)  
ISW_MAX is given in , efficiency (η) is shown in the Application Curves, and ƒSW is typically 500 kHz.  
Table 15. Suggested Inductors  
MANUFACTURER  
PART NUMBER  
VALUE  
(µH)  
SIZE (mm)  
RATING (mA)  
DC RESISTANCE (Ω)  
TDK  
TDK  
VLF3014ST-100MR82  
VLF3010ST-220MR34  
VLF3010ST-100MR53  
VLF4010ST-100MR80  
VLS252010T-100M  
LPS3008-103ML  
10  
22  
10  
10  
10  
10  
22  
10  
22  
10  
10  
10  
2.8 × 3 × 1.4  
2.8 × 3 × 1  
820  
340  
530  
800  
650  
520  
340  
550  
360  
610  
470  
600  
0.25  
0.81  
0.41  
0.25  
0.71  
0.65  
1.5  
TDK  
2.8 × 3 × 1  
TDK  
2.8 × 3 × 1  
TDK  
2.5 × 2 × 1  
Coilcraft  
Coilcraft  
Coilcraft  
Coilcraft  
Coilcraft  
Coilcraft  
TOKO  
2.95 × 2.95 × 0.8  
2.95 × 2.95 × 0.8  
2.95 × 2.95 × 0.9  
2.95 × 2.95 × 0.9  
1.9 × 2 × 1  
LPS3008-223ML  
LPS3010-103ML  
0.54  
1.2  
LPS3010-223ML  
XPL2010-103ML  
0.56  
0.91  
0.46  
EPL2010-103ML  
2 × 2 × 1  
DE2810C-1117AS-100M  
3 × 3.2 × 1  
9.2.2.7 Diode Selection  
The diode connected between SW and OUT must be a Schottky diode and have a reverse breakdown voltage  
high enough to handle the maximum output voltage in the application. Table 16 lists various diodes that can be  
used with the LM3530. For 25-V OVP devices a 30-V Schottky is adequate. For 40-V OVP devices, a 40-V  
Schottky diode should be used.  
Table 16. Suggested Diodes  
MANUFACTURER  
Diodes Inc  
PART NUMBER  
B0540WS  
VALUE  
Schottky  
Schottky  
Schottky  
Schottky  
SIZE (mm)  
RATING  
SOD-323 (1.7 × 1.3)  
40 V/500 mA  
40 V/200 mA  
40 V/250 mA  
40 V/250 mA  
Diodes Inc  
SDM20U40  
SOD-523 (1.2 × 0.8 × 0.6)  
SOD-523 (1.2 × 0.8 × 0.6)  
SOD-523 (1.2 × 0.8 × 0.6)  
On Semiconductor  
On Semiconductor  
NSR0340V2T1G  
NSR0240V2T1G  
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9.2.3 Application Curves  
IFULL_SCALE = 19 mA  
IFULL_SCALE = 19 mA  
Figure 50. Efficiency vs VIN  
Figure 51. Efficiency vs VIN  
IFULL_SCALE = 19 mA  
Figure 52. Efficiency vs VIN  
Figure 53. Efficiency vs ILED  
Figure 54. Efficiency vs ILED  
Figure 55. Efficiency vs ILED  
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10 Power Supply Recommendations  
The LM3530 operates from a 2.7-V to 5.5-V input voltage. The 500-kHz switching frequency for the boost can  
lead to ripple voltage on the input voltage rail. To minimize this, the input to the inductor should be well bypassed  
with a 1-µF (min) ceramic bypass capacitor (see Output Capacitor Selection).  
11 Layout  
11.1 Layout Guidelines  
The LM3530 contains an inductive boost converter which detects a high switched voltage (up to 40 V) at the SW  
pin, and a step current (up to 900 mA) through the Schottky diode and output capacitor each switching cycle.  
The high switching voltage can create interference into nearby nodes due to electric field coupling (I = CdV/dt).  
The large step current through the diode and the output capacitor can cause a large voltage spike at the SW pin  
and the OVP pin due to parasitic inductance in the step current conducting path (V = Ldi/dt). Board layout  
guidelines are geared towards minimizing this electric field coupling and conducted noise. Figure 56 highlights  
these two noise generating components.  
Voltage Spike  
VOUT + VF Schottky  
Pulsed voltage at SW  
Current through  
Schottky Diode and COUT  
I
PEAK  
I
= I  
IN  
AVE  
Paracitic  
Circuit Board  
Inductances  
Current through  
inductor  
Affected Node  
due to capacitive  
coupling  
Cp1  
L
Lp1  
Lp2  
D1  
Up to 40V  
COUT  
2.7V to 5.5V  
SW  
VLOGIC  
IN  
Lp3  
10 k:  
10 k:  
SCL  
SDA  
OVP  
ILED  
LM3530  
LCD Display  
GND  
Figure 56. LM3530 Boost Converter Showing Pulsed Voltage At SW (High Dv/Dt) and  
Current Through Schottky and COUT (High Di/Dt)  
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Layout Guidelines (continued)  
The following lists the main (layout sensitive) areas of the LM3530 in order of decreasing importance:  
Output Capacitor  
Schottky Cathode to COUT  
COUT– to GND  
+
Schottky Diode  
SW Pin to Schottky Anode  
Schottky Cathode to COUT  
+
Inductor  
SW Node PCB capacitance to other traces  
Input Capacitor  
CIN+ to IN pin  
CIN– to GND  
11.1.1 Output Capacitor Placement  
The output capacitor is in the path of the inductor current discharge path. As a result COUT detects a high current  
step from 0 to IPEAK each time the switch turns off and the Schottky diode turns on. Any inductance along this  
series path from the cathode of the diode through COUT and back into the LM3530 GND pin will contribute to  
voltage spikes (VSPIKE = LP_ × dI/dt) at SW and OUT which can potentially overvoltage the SW pin, or feed  
through to GND. To avoid this, COUT+ must be connected as close as possible to the Cathode of the Schottky  
diode and COUT– must be connected as close as possible to the device GND bump. The best placement for COUT  
is on the same layer as the LM3530 so as to avoid any vias that can add excessive series inductance (see  
Figure 58, Figure 59, and Figure 60).  
11.1.2 Schottky Diode Placement  
The Schottky diode is in the path of the inductor current discharge. As a result the Schottky diode detects a high  
current step from 0 to IPEAK each time the switch turns off and the diode turns on. Any inductance in series with  
the diode will cause a voltage spike (VSPIKE = LP_ × dI/dt) at SW and OUT which can potentially overvoltage the  
SW pin, or feed through to VOUT and through the output capacitor and into GND. Connecting the anode of the  
diode as close as possible to the SW pin and the cathode of the diode as close as possible to COUT+ will reduce  
the inductance (LP_) and minimize these voltage spikes (see Figure 58, Figure 59, and Figure 60 ).  
11.1.3 Inductor Placement  
The node where the inductor connects to the LM3530 SW bump has 2 issues. First, a large switched voltage (0  
to VOUT + VF_SCHOTTKY) appears on this node every switching cycle. This switched voltage can be capacitively  
coupled into nearby nodes. Second, there is a relatively large current (input current) on the traces connecting the  
input supply to the inductor and connecting the inductor to the SW bump. Any resistance in this path can cause  
large voltage drops that will negatively affect efficiency.  
To reduce the capacitively coupled signal from SW into nearby traces, the SW bump to inductor connection must  
be minimized in area. This limits the PCB capacitance from SW to other traces. Additionally, the other traces  
need to be routed away from SW and not directly beneath. This is especially true for high impedance nodes that  
are more susceptible to capacitive coupling such as (SCL, SDA, HWEN, PWM, and possibly ASL1 and ALS2). A  
GND plane placed directly below SW will dramatically reduce the capacitive coupling from SW into nearby traces  
To limit the trace resistance of the VBATT to inductor connection and from the inductor to SW connection, use  
short, wide traces (see Figure 58, Figure 59, and Figure 60).  
11.1.4 Input Capacitor Selection and Placement  
The input bypass capacitor filters the inductor current ripple, and the internal MOSFET driver currents during turn  
on of the power switch.  
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Layout Guidelines (continued)  
The driver current requirement can range from 50 mA at 2.7 V to over 200 mA at 5.5 V with fast durations of  
approximately 10 ns to 20 ns. This will appear as high di/dt current pulses coming from the input capacitor each  
time the switch turns on. Close placement of the input capacitor to the IN pin and to the GND pin is critical since  
any series inductance between IN and CIN+ or CIN– and GND can create voltage spikes that could appear on the  
VIN supply line and in the GND plane.  
Close placement of the input bypass capacitor at the input side of the inductor is also critical. The source  
impedance (inductance and resistance) from the input supply, along with the input capacitor of the LM3530, form  
a series RLC circuit. If the output resistance from the source (RS) is low enough the circuit will be underdamped  
and will have a resonant frequency (typically the case). Depending on the size of LS the resonant frequency  
could occur below, close to, or above switching frequency of the device. This can cause the supply current ripple  
to be:  
1. Approximately equal to the inductor current ripple when the resonant frequency occurs well above the  
LM3530 switching frequency;  
2. Greater then the inductor current ripple when the resonant frequency occurs near the switching frequency;  
and  
3. Less then the inductor current ripple when the resonant frequency occurs well below the switching frequency.  
Figure 57 shows the series RLC circuit formed from the output impedance of the supply and the input capacitor.  
The circuit is re-drawn for the AC case where the VIN supply is replaced with a short to GND and the LM3530 +  
Inductor is replaced with a current source (ΔIL). In Figure 57 below,  
1. = the criteria for an underdamped response.  
2. = the resonant frequency, and  
3. = the approximated supply current ripple as a function of LS, RS, and CIN.  
As an example, consider a 3.6-V supply with 0.1-of series resistance connected to CIN through 50 nH of  
connecting traces. This results in an underdamped input filter circuit with a resonant frequency of 712 kHz. Since  
the switching frequency lies near to the resonant frequency of the input RLC network, the supply current is  
probably larger then the inductor current ripple. In this case using Equation 2 from Figure 57 the supply current  
ripple can be approximated as 1.68 multiplied by the inductor current ripple. Increasing the series inductance (LS)  
to 500 nH causes the resonant frequency to move to around 225 kHz and the supple current ripple to be  
approximately 0.25 multiplied by the inductor current ripple.  
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Layout Guidelines (continued)  
I
SUPPLY  
'I  
L
L
R
S
L
S
SW  
IN  
V
IN  
LM3530  
Supply  
C
IN  
I
SUPPLY  
R
S
L
S
C
'I  
IN  
L
2
RS  
4 x LS2  
1
1.  
>
LS x CIN  
1
2.  
3.  
fRESONANT  
=
2S LS x CIN  
1
2S x 500 kHz x CIN  
'
L x  
ISUPPLYRIPPLE | I  
2
§
·
¸
¸
¹
1
2
¨
RS 2S x 500kHz x LS  
-
¨
x
x
2S 500 kHz CIN  
©
Figure 57. Input RLC Network  
11.2 Layout Example  
Figure 58, Figure 59, and Figure 60 show example layouts which apply the required proper layout guidelines.  
These figures should be used as guides for laying out the LM3530 circuit.  
Figure 58. Layout Example 1  
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Layout Example (continued)  
Figure 59. Layout Example 2  
Figure 60. Layout Example 3  
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12 Device and Documentation Support  
12.1 Device Support  
12.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer  
TI'S PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION REGARDING THIRD-PARTY PRODUCTS OR SERVICES DOES NOT  
CONSTITUTE AN ENDORSEMENT REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES  
OR A WARRANTY, REPRESENTATION OR ENDORSEMENT OF SUCH PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, EITHER  
ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ANY TI PRODUCT OR SERVICE.  
12.2 Documentation Support  
12.2.1 Related Documentation  
For related documentation, see the following:  
Texas Instruments Application Note 1112: DSBGA Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (SNVA009).  
12.3 Trademarks  
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.  
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution  
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with  
appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.  
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more  
susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.  
12.5 Glossary  
SLYZ022 TI Glossary.  
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.  
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information  
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most  
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of  
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.  
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
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10-Dec-2020  
PACKAGING INFORMATION  
Orderable Device  
Status Package Type Package Pins Package  
Eco Plan  
Lead finish/  
Ball material  
MSL Peak Temp  
Op Temp (°C)  
Device Marking  
Samples  
Drawing  
Qty  
(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4/5)  
(6)  
LM3530TME-40/NOPB  
LM3530TMX-40/NOPB  
LM3530UME-25A/NOPB  
LM3530UME-40/NOPB  
LM3530UME-40B/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-25A/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-40/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-40B/NOPB  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
YFQ  
YFQ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
250  
RoHS & Green  
SNAGCU  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
DX  
DX  
DS  
40  
3000 RoHS & Green  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
SNAGCU  
250  
250  
250  
RoHS & Green  
RoHS & Green  
RoHS & Green  
-30 to 85  
-30 to 85  
DT  
DS  
40  
3000 RoHS & Green  
3000 RoHS & Green  
3000 RoHS & Green  
-30 to 85  
-30 to 85  
DT  
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:  
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.  
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.  
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.  
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.  
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.  
(2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance  
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may  
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".  
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.  
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based  
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.  
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.  
(4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.  
(5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation  
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.  
Addendum-Page 1  
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
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10-Dec-2020  
(6)  
Lead finish/Ball material - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two  
lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width.  
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information  
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and  
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.  
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.  
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.  
Addendum-Page 2  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
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9-Aug-2022  
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION  
REEL DIMENSIONS  
TAPE DIMENSIONS  
K0  
P1  
W
B0  
Reel  
Diameter  
Cavity  
A0  
A0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component width  
B0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component length  
K0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component thickness  
Overall width of the carrier tape  
W
P1 Pitch between successive cavity centers  
Reel Width (W1)  
QUADRANT ASSIGNMENTS FOR PIN 1 ORIENTATION IN TAPE  
Sprocket Holes  
Q1 Q2  
Q3 Q4  
Q1 Q2  
Q3 Q4  
User Direction of Feed  
Pocket Quadrants  
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Package Pins  
Type Drawing  
SPQ  
Reel  
Reel  
A0  
B0  
K0  
P1  
W
Pin1  
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant  
(mm) W1 (mm)  
LM3530TME-40/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530TMX-40/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UME-25A/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UME-40/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UME-40B/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UMX-25A/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UMX-40/NOPB DSBGA  
LM3530UMX-40B/NOPB DSBGA  
YFQ  
YFQ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
250  
3000  
250  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
8.4  
1.35  
1.35  
1.37  
1.37  
1.37  
1.37  
1.37  
1.37  
1.75  
1.75  
1.77  
1.77  
1.77  
1.77  
1.77  
1.77  
0.76  
0.76  
0.56  
0.56  
0.56  
0.56  
0.56  
0.56  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
4.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
250  
250  
3000  
3000  
3000  
Pack Materials-Page 1  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
www.ti.com  
9-Aug-2022  
TAPE AND REEL BOX DIMENSIONS  
Width (mm)  
H
W
L
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Type Package Drawing Pins  
SPQ  
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)  
LM3530TME-40/NOPB  
LM3530TMX-40/NOPB  
LM3530UME-25A/NOPB  
LM3530UME-40/NOPB  
LM3530UME-40B/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-25A/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-40/NOPB  
LM3530UMX-40B/NOPB  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
DSBGA  
YFQ  
YFQ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
YFZ  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
12  
250  
3000  
250  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
208.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
191.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
250  
250  
3000  
3000  
3000  
Pack Materials-Page 2  
MECHANICAL DATA  
YFZ0012x
D
0.425  
±0.045  
E
UMD12XXX (Rev A)  
D: Max = 1.64 mm, Min = 1.58 mm  
E: Max = 1.24 mm, Min = 1.18 mm  
4215133/A  
12/12  
A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994.  
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.  
NOTES:  
www.ti.com  
MECHANICAL DATA  
YFQ0012x
D
0.600  
±0.075  
E
TMD12XXX (Rev B)  
D: Max = 1.64 mm, Min = 1.58 mm  
E: Max = 1.24 mm, Min = 1.18 mm  
4215079/A  
12/12  
A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994.  
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.  
NOTES:  
www.ti.com  
IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER  
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DESIGNS), APPLICATION OR OTHER DESIGN ADVICE, WEB TOOLS, SAFETY INFORMATION, AND OTHER RESOURCES “AS IS”  
AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY  
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD  
PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.  
These resources are intended for skilled developers designing with TI products. You are solely responsible for (1) selecting the appropriate  
TI products for your application, (2) designing, validating and testing your application, and (3) ensuring your application meets applicable  
standards, and any other safety, security, regulatory or other requirements.  
These resources are subject to change without notice. TI grants you permission to use these resources only for development of an  
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TI’s products are provided subject to TI’s Terms of Sale or other applicable terms available either on ti.com or provided in conjunction with  
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