LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB [TI]

具有 I2C 兼容接口的双路高电流降压直流/直流和双路线性稳压器 | NHZ | 24 | -40 to 85;
LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB
型号: LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

具有 I2C 兼容接口的双路高电流降压直流/直流和双路线性稳压器 | NHZ | 24 | -40 to 85

开关 控制器 开关式稳压器 开关式控制器 电源电路 开关式稳压器或控制器
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LP3906  
www.ti.com  
SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
Dual High-Current Step-Down DC/DC and Dual Linear Regulator with I2C Compatible  
Interface  
Check for Samples: LP3906  
1
FEATURES  
KEY SPECIFICATIONS  
2
Compatible with Advanced Applications  
Processors and FPGAs  
DC/DC Converter (Buck)  
1.5A Output Current  
2 LDOs for Powering Internal Processor  
Functions and I/Os  
Programmable VOUT from:  
Buck1 : 0.8V–2.0V  
Buck2 : 1.0V–3.5V  
High Speed Serial Interface for Independent  
Control of Device Functions and Settings  
Up to 96% Efficiency  
Precision Internal Reference  
2 MHz PWM Switching Frequency  
±3% Output Voltage Accuracy  
Automatic Soft Start  
Thermal Overload Protection  
Current Overload Protection  
24-lead 5 × 4 × 0.8 mm WQFN Package  
Software Programmable Regulators  
Linear Regulators (LDO)  
Programmable VOUT of 1.0V–3.5V  
±3% Output Voltage Accuracy  
300 mA Output Currents  
APPLICATIONS  
FPGA, DSP Core Power  
Applications Processors  
Peripheral I/O Power  
25 mW (Typ) Dropout  
DESCRIPTION  
The LP3906 is a multi-function, programmable Power  
Management Unit, optimized for low power FPGAs,  
Microprocessors and DSPs.  
Typical Application Circuits  
VINLDO12  
EN_T  
1 mF  
ENLDO1  
ENLDO2  
SYNC  
VIN1  
10 mF  
ENSW1  
ENSW2  
LDO1  
2.2 mH  
SW1  
FB1  
10 mF  
0.47 mF  
GND_SW1  
VINLDO1  
VINLDO2  
LDO2  
1 mF  
1 mF  
LP3906  
VIN2  
10 mF  
2.2 mH  
0.47 mF  
SW2  
FB2  
SDA  
SCL  
10 mF  
GND_SW2  
AVDD  
GND_L  
GND_C  
DAP  
1 mF  
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit  
1
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of  
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.  
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.  
2
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.  
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas  
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not  
necessarily include testing of all parameters.  
Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
LP3906  
SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
www.ti.com  
For information about how schottky diodes can reduce noise in high load, high Vin applications, see Buck Output  
Ripple Management.  
DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)  
This device integrates two highly efficient 1.5A Step-Down DC/DC converters with dynamic voltage management  
(DVM), two 300mA Linear Regulators and a 400kHz I2C compatible interface to allow a host controller access to  
the internal control registers of the LP3906. The LP3906 additionally features programmable power-on  
sequencing and is offered in a tiny 5 x 4 x 0.8mm WQFN-24 pin package.  
2
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LP3906  
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SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
DC SOURCE  
4.5 œ 5.5V  
Li-ion/polymer cell 3.6V - 4.  
+
2V  
FPGA  
LP3906 PMIC  
Cvdd  
4.7 mF  
1 mF  
1 mF  
1 mF  
1 mF  
10 mF  
10 mF  
SYNC  
23  
12  
20  
13  
1
19  
7
Clock  
divider  
Lsw1 2.2 mH  
1.2V  
OSC  
CPU  
6
VBUCK1  
CORE  
SW1  
Csw1  
10 mF  
BUCK1  
*
AVDD  
FB1  
10  
15  
EN_T  
11  
ENLDO1  
Lsw2 2.2 mH  
3.3V  
VBUCK2  
2
16  
22  
24  
Power  
ON-OFF  
Logic  
I/O  
ENLDO2  
ENSW1  
SW2  
Csw2  
10 mF  
BUCK2  
*
21  
AVDD  
FB2  
vref  
VINLDO1  
ENSW2  
Programmable  
Application  
Processor  
VinLDO12  
LDO1  
14  
3.3V  
LDO1  
Cldo1  
0.47 mF  
Thermal  
Shutdown  
RESET  
9
8
VINLDO2  
BIAS  
SCL  
SDA  
I2C  
LDO2  
1.8V  
LDO2  
18  
Cldo2  
0.47 mF  
Power On  
Reset  
Logic  
Control  
and  
registers  
3.3V  
VBUCK2  
17  
GND_L  
5
3
4
Flash  
GND_SW1  
GND_C  
GND_SW2  
Figure 2. Typical Application Circuit  
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LP3906  
SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
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Connection Diagram  
19 18  
17 16 15 14  
13  
20  
21  
22  
12  
11  
10  
9
23  
24  
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 3. 24-Lead WQFN Package (Top View)  
See Package Number NHZ0024B  
Table 1. Default Voltage Options(1)(2)  
Part Number  
Package  
Marking  
Buck1  
Buck2  
LDO1  
LDO2  
LP3906SQ-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-TKXII/NOPB(3)  
LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-TKXII/NOPB(3)  
LP3906SQX-VPFP/NOPB  
06-DJXI  
0.9V  
1.0V  
1.2V  
1.5V  
1.25V  
1.8V  
1.5V  
1.8V  
0.9V  
1.0V  
1.2V  
1.5V  
1.25V  
1.8V  
1.8V  
3.3V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
2.5V  
2.5V  
1.8V  
3.3V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
3.3V  
3.3V  
1.8V  
1.5V  
3.3V  
1.5V  
3.3V  
2.5V  
3.3V  
3.3V  
1.8V  
1.5V  
1.8V  
1.8V  
1.8V  
2.5V  
1.8V  
2.5V  
2.5V  
2.5V  
1.8V  
1.8V  
1.8V  
2.5V  
1.8V  
2.5V  
06-FXPI  
06-JXXI  
06-PPXP  
06-TKXII(3)  
06-VPFP  
06-PPXP  
06-VPFP  
06-DJXI  
06-FXPI  
06-JXXI  
06-PPXP  
06-TKXII(3)  
06-VPFP  
(1) For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI  
web site at www.ti.com.  
(2) Package drawings, thermal data, and symbolization are available at www.ti.com/packaging.  
(3) Option only available with default EN_T of 001; all other options use 010.  
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LP3906  
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SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
Pin Descriptions(1)  
Pin Name  
Pin No.  
1
I/O  
I
Type  
PWR  
PWR  
G
Description  
VIN2  
SW2  
Power in from either DC source or Battery to Buck 2  
Buck2 switcher output pin  
2
O
G
G
G
O
I
GND_SW2  
GND_C  
GND_SW1  
SW1  
3
Buck2 NMOS Power Ground  
4
G
Non switching core ground pin  
5
G
Buck1 NMOS Power Ground  
6
PWR  
PWR  
D
Buck1 switcher output pin  
VIN1  
7
Power in from either DC source or Battery to buck 1  
I2C Data (Bidirectional)  
SDA  
8
I/O  
I
SCL  
9
D
I2C Clock  
EN_T  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
I
D
Enable for preset power on sequence.  
Buck1 input feedback terminal  
FB1  
I
A
AVDD  
I
PWR  
PWR  
PWR  
D
Analog Power for Buck converters.  
Power in from either DC source or Battery to input terminal of LDO1  
LDO1 Output  
VINLDO1  
LDO1  
I
O
I
ENLDO1  
ENLDO2  
GND_L  
LDO2  
LDO1 enable pin, a logic HIGH enables the LDO1  
LDO2 enable pin, a logic HIGH enables the LDO2  
LDO Ground  
I
D
G
O
I
G
PWR  
PWR  
PWR  
A
LDO2 Output  
VINLDO2  
VinLDO12  
FB2  
Power in from either DC source or battery to input terminal to LDO2  
Analog Power for Internal Functions (VREF, BIAS, I2C, Logic)  
Buck2 input feedback terminal  
I
I
ENSW1  
SYNC  
I
D
Enable Pin for Buck1 switcher, a logic HIGH enables Buck1  
I
D
Frequency Synchronization pin which allows the user to connect an external  
clock signal PLL to synchronize the PMIC internal oscillator.  
ENSW2  
DAP  
24  
I
D
Enable Pin for Buck2 switcher, a logic HIGH enables Buck2  
DAP  
GND  
GND  
Connection isn't necessary for electrical performance, but it is recommended  
for better thermal dissipation.  
(1) A: Analog Pin D: Digital Pin G: Ground Pin PWR: Power Pin I: Input Pin I/O: Input/Output Pin O: Output Pin  
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam  
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.  
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SNVS456M AUGUST 2006REVISED MAY 2013  
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(1)(2)(3)  
VIN, SDA, SCL  
0.3V to +6V  
GND to GND SLUG  
±0.3V  
Power Dissipation (PD_MAX  
)
(TA=85°C, TMAX=125°C, )(4)  
1.43 W  
150°C  
Junction Temperature (TJ-MAX  
Storage Temperature Range  
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering)  
ESD Ratings  
)
65°C to +150°C  
260°C  
(5)  
Human Body Model  
2 kV  
(1) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under  
which operation of the device is specified. Operating Ratings do not imply specified performance limits. For specified performance limits  
and associated test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.  
(2) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(3) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the TI Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.  
(4) In applications where high power dissipation and/or poor package thermal resistance is present, the maximum ambient temperature may  
have to be derated. Maximum ambient temperature (TA-MAX) is dependent on the maximum operating junction temperature (TJ-MAX-OP  
=
125°C), the maximum power dissipation of the device in the application (PD-MAX), and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the  
part/package in the application (θJA), as given by the following equation: TA-MAX = TJ-MAX-OP (θJA × PD-MAX). See APPLICATION  
NOTES.  
(5) The Human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kresistor into each pin. (MILSTD - 883 3015.7)  
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OPERATING RATINGS(1)(2)(3)  
Bucks  
VIN  
2.7V to 5.5V  
0 to (VIN + 0.3V)  
40°C to +125°C  
40°C to +85°C  
VEN  
Junction Temperature (TJ) Range  
Ambient Temperature (TA) Range(4)  
Thermal Properties(5)(6) (4)  
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance  
(θJA)NHZ0024B  
28°C/W  
(1) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under  
which operation of the device is specified. Operating Ratings do not imply specified performance limits. For specified performance limits  
and associated test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.  
(2) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(3) Min and Max limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis. Typical numbers are not specifications, but do represent the most  
likely norm.  
(4) Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is highly application and board-layout dependent. In applications where high maximum power  
dissipation exists, special care must be paid to thermal dissipation issues in board design.  
(5) Internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. Thermal shutdown engages at TJ = 160°C (typ.) and  
disengages at TJ = 140°C (typ.)  
(6) In applications where high power dissipation and/or poor package thermal resistance is present, the maximum ambient temperature may  
have to be derated. Maximum ambient temperature (TA-MAX) is dependent on the maximum operating junction temperature (TJ-MAX-OP  
=
125°C), the maximum power dissipation of the device in the application (PD-MAX), and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the  
part/package in the application (θJA), as given by the following equation: TA-MAX = TJ-MAX-OP (θJA × PD-MAX). See APPLICATION  
NOTES.  
GENERAL ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(1)(2)(3)(4)  
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 3.6V, Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25°C. Limits appearing  
in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, 40°C to +125°C.  
Parameter  
Test Conditions  
VDD Falling Edge  
Min  
Typ  
1.9  
160  
20  
Max  
Units  
V
VPOR  
TSD  
Power-On Reset Threshold  
Thermal Shutdown Threshold  
Themal Shutdown Hysteresis  
°C  
TSDH  
°C  
(1) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under  
which operation of the device is specified. Operating Ratings do not imply specified performance limits. For specified performance limits  
and associated test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.  
(2) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(3) Min and Max limits are specified by design, test, or statistical analysis. Typical numbers are not specified, but do represent the most  
likely norm.  
(4) This specification is ensured by design.  
I2C COMPATIBLE INTERFACE ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS(1)  
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 3.6V. Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25°C. Limits appearing  
in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, 40°C to +125°C  
Parameter  
Test Conditions  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
kHz  
µs  
FCLK  
Clock Frequency  
400  
tBF  
Bus-Free Time Between Start and Stop  
Hold Time Repeated Start Condition  
CLK Low Period  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
See(1)  
1.3  
0.6  
1.3  
0.6  
0.6  
0
tHOLD  
tCLKLP  
tCLKHP  
tSU  
µs  
µs  
CLK High Period  
µs  
Set Up Time Repeated Start Condition  
Data Hold time  
µs  
tDATAHLD  
tDATASU  
TSU  
µs  
Data Set Up Time  
100  
0.6  
ns  
Set Up Time for Start Condition  
µs  
TTRANS  
Maximum Pulse Width of Spikes that  
Must be Suppressed by the Input Filter of  
Both DATA & CLK Signals.  
50  
ns  
(1) This specification is ensured by design.  
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LOW DROP OUT REGULATORS, LDO1 AND LDO2  
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 3.6, CIN = 1.0 µF, COUT = 0.47 µF. Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for  
TJ = 25°C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, 40°C to  
(1)(2) (3)(4)(5)(6) (7)  
+125°C.  
Parameter  
Test Conditions  
Min  
1.74  
3  
Typ  
Max  
5.5  
3
Units  
V
VIN  
Operational Voltage Range  
VINLDO1 and VINLDO2 PMOS  
pins(8)  
VOUT Accuracy  
Output Voltage Accuracy (Default VOUT  
Line Regulation  
)
Load current = 1 mA  
%
ΔVOUT  
VIN = (VOUT + 0.3V) to 5.0V,  
(7), Load Current = 1 mA  
0.15  
%/V  
Load Regulation  
VIN = 3.6V,  
Load Current = 1 mA to IMAX  
0.011  
200  
%/mA  
ISC  
Short Circuit Current Limit  
Dropout Voltage  
LDO1-2, VOUT = 0V  
Load Current = 50 mA(5)  
F = 10 kHz, Load Current = IMAX  
10 Hz < F < 100 KHz  
IOUT = 0 mA  
500  
25  
mA  
mV  
dB  
VIN – VOUT  
PSRR  
θn  
Power Supply Ripple Rejection  
Supply Output Noise  
Quiescent Current “On”  
Quiescent Current “On”  
Quiescent Current “Off”  
Turn On Time  
45  
80  
µVrms  
µA  
(6) (9)  
IQ  
40  
IOUT = IMAX  
EN is de-asserted(10)  
60  
µA  
0.03  
300  
µA  
TON  
Start up from shut-down  
µs  
COUT  
Output Capacitor  
Capacitance for stability 0°C TJ  
125°C  
0.33  
0.47  
1.0  
µF  
40°C TJ 125°C  
0.68  
5
µF  
ESR  
500  
mΩ  
(1) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(2) Min and Max limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis. Typical numbers are not specifications, but do represent the most  
likely norm.  
(3) CIN, COUT: Low-ESR Surface-Mount Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs) used in setting electrical characteristics.  
(4) The device maintains a stable, regulated output voltage without a load.  
(5) Dropout voltage is the voltage difference between the input and the output at which the output voltage drops to 100 mV below its  
nominal value.  
(6) Quiescent current is defined here as the difference in current between the input voltage source and the load at VOUT  
(7) VIN minimum for line regulation values is 1.8V.  
.
(8) Pins 13, 19 can operate from Vin min of 1.74 to a Vin max of 5.5V this rating is only for the series pass pmos power fet. It allows the  
system design to use a lower voltage rating if the input voltage comes from a buck output.  
(9) The Iq can be defined as the standing current of the LP3906 when the I2C bus is active and all other power blocks have been disabled  
via the I2C bus, or it can be defined as the I2C bus active, and the other power blocks are active under no load condition. These two  
values can be used by the system designer when the LP3906 is powered using a battery. If the user plans to use the HW enable pins to  
disable each block of the IC please contact the factory applications for IQ details.  
(10) The Iq exhibits a higher current draw when the EN pin is de-asserted because the I2C buffer pins draw an additional 2µA  
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BUCK CONVERTERS SW1, SW2  
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 3.6, CIN = 10 µF, COUT = 10 µF, LOUT = 2.2 µH ceramic. Typical values and limits appearing in  
normal type apply for TJ = 25°C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for  
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)  
operation, 40°C to +125°C.  
Parameter  
Test Conditions  
Default VOUT  
Min  
Typ  
Max  
Units  
%
VOUT  
Output Voltage Accuracy  
Line Regulation  
3  
+3  
2.7< VIN < 5.5  
IO =10 mA  
0.089  
%/V  
Load Regulation  
100 mA < IO < IMAX  
Load Current = 250 mA  
EN is de-asserted  
0.0013  
96  
%/mA  
%
Eff  
Efficiency  
ISHDN  
fOSC  
Shutdown Supply Current  
Sync Mode Clock Frequency  
0.01  
2.0  
µA  
Synchronized from 13 MHz system  
clock  
MHz  
Internal Oscillator Frequency  
Peak Switching Current Limit  
Quiescent Current “On”  
Pin-Pin Resistance PFET  
Pin-Pin Resistance NFET  
Turn On Time  
2.0  
2.0  
33  
MHz  
A
IPEAK  
(5)  
IQ  
No load PFM Mode  
µA  
mΩ  
mΩ  
µs  
RDSON (P)  
RDSON (N)  
TON  
200  
180  
500  
Start up from shut-down  
Capacitance for stability  
Capacitance for stability  
CIN  
Input Capacitor  
10  
10  
µF  
CO  
Output Capacitor  
µF  
(1) All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.  
(2) Min and Max limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis. Typical numbers are not specifications, but do represent the most  
likely norm.  
(3) CIN, COUT: Low-ESR Surface-Mount Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs) used in setting electrical characteristics.  
(4) The device maintains a stable, regulated output voltage without a load.  
(5) The Iq can be defined as the standing current of the LP3906 when the I2C bus is active and all other power blocks have been disabled  
via the I2C bus, or it can be defined as the I2C bus active, and the other power blocks are active under no load condition. These two  
values can be used by the system designer when the LP3906 is powered using a battery. If the user plans to use the HW enable pins to  
disable each block of the IC please contact the factory applications for IQ details.  
I/O ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
Unless otherwise noted: Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25°C. Limits appearing in boldface  
(1)  
type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, TJ = 0°C to +125°C.  
Limit  
Parameter  
Test Conditions  
Units  
Min  
1.2  
Max  
0.4  
VIL  
VIH  
Input Low Level  
Input High Level  
V
V
(1) This specification is ensured by design.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — LDO  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Output Voltage Change  
vs  
Output Voltage Change  
vs  
Temperature (LDO2)  
Vin = 4.3V, Vout = 1.8V, 100 mA load  
Temperature (LDO1)  
Vin = 4.3V, Vout = 3.3V, 100 mA load  
2.00  
1.50  
1.00  
0.50  
0.00  
-0.50  
-1.00  
-1.50  
-2.00  
2.00  
1.50  
1.00  
0.50  
0.00  
-0.50  
-1.00  
-1.50  
-2.00  
-50 -35 -20 -5 10 25 40 55 70 85 100  
-50 -35 -20 -5 10 25 40 55 70 85 100  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
Figure 4.  
Figure 5.  
Load Transient (LDO1)  
3.6 Vin, 3.3 Vout, 0 – 100 mA load  
Load Transient (LDO2)  
3.6 Vin, 1.8 Vout, 0 – 100 mA load  
Figure 6.  
Figure 7.  
Line Transient (LDO1)  
3.6 - 4.5 Vin, 3.3 Vout, 150 mA load  
Line Transient (LDO2)  
3 – 4.2 Vin, 1.8 Vout, 150 mA load  
Figure 8.  
Figure 9.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — LDO (continued)  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Enable Start-up time (LDO1) )  
0-3.6 Vin, 3.3 Vout, 1mA load  
Enable Start-up time (LDO2)  
0 – 3.6 Vin, 1.8 Vout, 1 mA load  
Figure 10.  
Figure 11.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — BUCK  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Output Voltage  
vs.  
Supply Voltage  
(Vout = 1.0 V)  
Shutdown Current  
vs.  
Temp  
0.15  
0.12  
0.09  
0.06  
0.03  
0.00  
I
= 20 mA  
OUT  
I
= 750 mA  
OUT  
1.040  
1.035  
1.030  
1.025  
1.020  
1.015  
1.010  
1.005  
1.000  
0.995  
0.990  
I
= 1.5A  
OUT  
VIN = 5.5V  
VIN = 3.6V  
VIN = 2.7V  
-40  
-20  
0
20  
40  
60  
80  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
5.5  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
TEMPERATURE (°C)  
Figure 12.  
Figure 13.  
Output Voltage  
vs.  
Supply Voltage  
(Vout = 1.8V)  
Output Voltage  
vs.  
Supply Voltage  
(Vout = 3.5V)  
1.835  
1.830  
1.825  
1.820  
1.815  
1.810  
1.805  
1.800  
3.550  
3.540  
3.530  
3.520  
3.510  
3.500  
3.490  
I
= 20 mA  
OUT  
I
= 750 mA  
OUT  
I
= 1.5A  
OUT  
I
= 20 mA  
OUT  
I
= 1.5 A  
OUT  
I
= 750 mA  
5.0  
OUT  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
5.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.5  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)  
Figure 14.  
Figure 15.  
Buck 1 Efficiency  
vs  
Buck 1 Efficiency  
vs  
Output Current  
Output Current  
(Forced PWM Mode, Vout =1.2V, L= 2.2µH)  
(Forced PWM Mode, Vout =2.0V, L= 2.2µH)  
100  
100  
90  
90  
V
IN  
= 2.8V  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
V
= 2.8V  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
IN  
V
= 5.5V  
= 3.6V  
IN  
V
= 5.5V  
= 3.6V  
IN  
V
IN  
V
IN  
-3  
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
10 10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
Figure 16.  
Figure 17.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — BUCK (continued)  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Buck 1 Efficiency  
Buck 1 Efficiency  
vs  
vs  
Output Current  
(PFM to PWM mode, Vout =1.2V, L= 2.2µH)  
Output Current  
(PFM to PWM mode, Vout =2.0V, L= 2.2µH)  
100  
100  
V
= 2.8V  
IN  
V
IN  
= 2.8V  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
V
= 5.5V  
IN  
V
= 5.5V  
IN  
V
= 3.6V  
V
IN  
= 3.6V  
IN  
-2  
10  
-1  
10  
0
1
10  
2
10  
3
4
10  
-3  
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
Figure 18.  
Figure 19.  
Buck 2 Efficiency  
vs  
Buck 2 Efficiency  
vs  
Output Current  
Output Current  
(Forced PWM Mode, Vout =1.8V, L= 2.2µH)  
(Forced PWM Mode, Vout =3.3V, L= 2.2µH)  
100  
100  
90  
90  
V
= 4.3V  
IN  
V
= 4.3V  
IN  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
10  
0
V
= 5.5V  
V
IN  
= 5.5V  
IN  
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
Figure 20.  
Figure 21.  
Buck 2 Efficiency  
vs  
Buck 2 Efficiency  
vs  
Output Current  
Output Current  
(PFM to PWM Mode, Vout =1.8V, L= 2.2µH)  
(PFM to PWM Mode, Vout =3.3V, L= 2.2µH)  
100  
100  
V
IN  
= 4.3V  
V
= 4.3V  
IN  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
90  
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
V
IN  
= 5.5V  
V
= 5.5V  
IN  
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
-2  
-1  
0
1
2
3
4
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)  
Figure 22.  
Figure 23.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — BUCK (continued)  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Load Transient Response  
Vout = 1.2 (PWM Mode)  
Mode Change by Load Transient  
Vout = 1.2V (PWM to PFM)  
Figure 24.  
Figure 25.  
Line Transient Response  
Vin = 3 – 3.6 V, Vout = 1.2 V, 250 mA load  
Line Transient Response  
Vin = 3 – 3.6 V, Vout = 3.3 V, 250 mA load  
Figure 26.  
Figure 27.  
Start up into PWM Mode  
Vout = 1.8 V, 1.2 A load  
Start up into PWM Mode  
Vout = 3.3 V, 1.2 A load  
Figure 28.  
Figure 29.  
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS — BUCK (continued)  
TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted  
Start up into PFM Mode  
Vout = 1.8 V, 30 mA load  
Start up into PFM Mode  
Vout = 3.3 V, 30 mA load  
Figure 30.  
Figure 31.  
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HIGH VIN-HIGH LOAD OPERATION  
Additional information is provided when the IC is operated at extremes of Vin and regulator loads. These are  
described in terms of the Junction Temperature and Buck Output Ripple Management.  
Junction Temperature  
The maximum junction temperature TJ-MAX-OP of 125ºC of the IC package.  
The following equations demonstrate junction temperature determination, ambient temperature TA-MAX and  
Total chip power must be controlled to keep TJ below this maximum:  
TJ-MAX-OP = TA-MAX + (θJA) [ °C/ Watt] * (PD-MAX) [Watts]  
Total IC power dissipation PD-MAX is the sum of the individual power dissipation of the four regulators plus a  
minor amount for chip overhead. Chip overhead is Bias, TSD & LDO analog.  
PD-MAX = PLDO1 + PLD02 + PBUCK1 + PBUCK2 + (0.0001A * Vin) [Watts].  
Power dissipation of LDO1  
PLDO1 = (VinLDO1- VoutLDO1) * IoutLDO1 [V*A]  
Power dissipation of LDO2  
PLDO2 = (VinLDO2 - VoutLDO2) * IoutLDO2 [V*A]  
Power dissipation of Buck1  
PBuck1 = PIN – POUT  
=
VoutBuck1* IoutBuck1 * (1 -η1) / η1 [V*A]  
η1 = efficiency of buck 1  
Power dissipation of Buck2  
PBuck2 = PIN – POUT  
=
VoutBuck2 * IoutBuck2 * (1 - η2) / η2 [V*A]  
η2 = efficiency of buck 2  
η is the efficiency for the specific condition taken from efficiency graphs.  
Buck Output Ripple Management  
If Vin and ILoad increase, the output ripple associated with the Buck Regulators also increases. Figure 32 shows  
the safe operating area. To ensure operation in the area of concern it is recommended that the system designer  
circumvents the output ripple issues to install schottky diodes on the Bucks(s) that are expected to perform under  
these extreme corner conditions.  
(Schottky diodes are recommended to reduce the output ripple if the system requirements include this shaded  
area of operation. Vin > 5.2 V and Iload > 1.24 A)  
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5.5  
5.0  
4.5  
4.0  
3.5  
3.0  
0
0.5  
1.0  
1.5  
LOAD CURRENT (A)  
Figure 32. LP3906 Buck Converter  
VIN vs ILOAD Operating Ranges  
Thermal Performance of the WQFN Package  
The LP3906 is a monolithic device with integrated power FETs. For that reason, it is important to pay special  
attention to the thermal impedance of the WQFN package and to the PCB layout rules in order to maximize  
power dissipation of the WQFN package.  
The WQFN package is designed for enhanced thermal performance and features an exposed die attach pad at  
the bottom center of the package that creates a direct path to the PCB for maximum power dissipation.  
Compared to the traditional leaded packages where the die attach pad is embedded inside the molding  
compound, the WQFN reduces one layer in the thermal path.  
The thermal advantage of the WQFN package is fully realized only when the exposed die attach pad is soldered  
down to a thermal land on the PCB board with thermal vias planted underneath the thermal land. Based on  
thermal analysis of the WQFN package, the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA) can be improved by a  
factor of two when the die attach pad of the WQFN package is soldered directly onto the PCB with thermal land  
and thermal vias, as opposed to an alternative with no direct soldering to a thermal land. Typical pitch and outer  
diameter for thermal vias are 1.27mm and 0.33mm respectively. Typical copper via barrel plating is 1oz, although  
thicker copper may be used to further improve thermal performance. The LP3906 die attach pad is connected to  
the substrate of the IC and therefore, the thermal land and vias on the PCB board need to be connected to  
ground (GND pin).  
For more information on board layout techniques, refer to Application Note AN–1187 (Literature Number  
SNOA401) “Leadless Lead frame Package (WQFN).” This application note also discusses package handling,  
solder stencil and the assembly process.  
DC/DC Converters  
OVERVIEW  
The LP3906 supplies the various power needs of the application by means of two Linear Low Drop Regulators  
LDO1 and LDO2 and two Buck converters SW1 and SW2. The table here under lists the output characteristics of  
the various regulators.  
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Table 2. SUPPLY SPECIFICATION  
Output  
Supply  
Load  
IMAX  
VOUT Range(V)  
Resolution (mV)  
Maximum Output Current (mA)  
LDO1  
LDO2  
SW1  
analog  
analog  
digital  
digital  
1.0 to 3.5  
1.0 to 3.5  
0.8 to 2.0  
1.0 to 3.5  
100  
100  
50  
300  
300  
1500  
1500  
SW2  
100  
LINEAR LOW DROP-OUT REGULATORS (LDOS)  
LDO1 and LDO2 are identical linear regulators targeting analog loads characterized by low noise requirements.  
LDO1 and LDO2 are enabled through the ENLDO pin or through the corresponding LDO1 or LDO2 control  
register. The output voltages of both LDOs are register programmable. The default output voltages are factory  
programmed during Final Test, which can be tailored to the specific needs of the system designer.  
VLDO  
LDO  
VIN  
Register  
controlled  
+
-
ENLDO  
Vref  
GND  
NO-LOAD STABILITY  
The LDOs will remain stable and in regulation with no external load. This is an important consideration in some  
circuits, for example CMOS RAM keep-alive applications.  
LDO1 AND LDO2 CONTROL REGISTERS  
LDO1 and LDO2 can be configured by means of the LDO1 and LDO2 control registers. The output voltage is  
programmable in steps of 100mV from 1.0V to 3.5V by programming bits D4-0 in the LDO Control registers. Both  
LDO1 and LDO2 are enabled by applying a logic 1 to the ENLDO1 and ENLDO2 pin. Enable/disable control is  
also provided through enable bit of the LDO1 and LDO2 control registers. The value of the enable LDO bit in the  
register is logic 1 by default. The output voltage can be altered while the LDO is enabled.  
SW1, SW2: Synchronous Step Down Magnetic DC/DC Converters  
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION  
The LP3906 incorporates two high efficiency synchronous switching buck regulators, SW1 and SW2 that deliver  
a constant voltage from a single Li-Ion battery to the portable system processors. Using a voltage mode  
architecture with synchronous rectification, both bucks have the ability to deliver up to 1500mA depending on the  
input voltage and output voltage (voltage head room), and the inductor chosen (maximum current capability).  
There are three modes of operation depending on the current required - PWM, PFM, and shutdown. PWM mode  
handles current loads of approximately 70mA or higher, delivering voltage precision of +/-3% with 90% efficiency  
or better. Lighter output current loads cause the device to automatically switch into PFM for reduced current  
consumption (IQ = 15 µA typ.) and a longer battery life. The Standby operating mode turns off the device, offering  
the lowest current consumption. PWM or PFM mode is selected automatically or PWM mode can be forced  
through the setting of the buck control register.  
Both SW1 and SW2 can operate up to a 100% duty cycle (PMOS switch always on) for low drop out control of  
the output voltage. In this way the output voltage will be controlled down to the lowest possible input voltage.  
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Additional features include soft-start, under-voltage lock-out, current overload protection, and thermal overload  
protection.  
CIRCUIT OPERATION DESCRIPTION  
A buck converter contains a control block, a switching PFET connected between input and output, a synchronous  
rectifying NFET connected between the output and ground (BCKGND pin) and a feedback path. During the first  
portion of each switching cycle, the control block turns on the internal PFET switch. This allows current to flow  
from the input through the inductor to the output filter capacitor and load. The inductor limits the current to a  
ramp with a slope of  
VIN - VOUT  
L
(1)  
by storing energy in a magnetic field. During the second portion of each cycle, the control block turns the PFET  
switch off, blocking current flow from the input, and then turns the NFET synchronous rectifier on. The inductor  
draws current from ground through the NFET to the output filter capacitor and load, which ramps the inductor  
current down with a slope of  
-VOUT  
L
(2)  
The output filter stores charge when the inductor current is high, and releases it when low, smoothing the voltage  
across the load.  
PWM OPERATION  
During PWM operation the converter operates as a voltage-mode controller with input voltage feed forward. This  
allows the converter to achieve excellent load and line regulation. The DC gain of the power stage is proportional  
to the input voltage. To eliminate this dependence, feed forward voltage inversely proportional to the input  
voltage is introduced.  
INTERNAL SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFICATION  
While in PWM mode, the buck uses an internal NFET as a synchronous rectifier to reduce rectifier forward  
voltage drop and associated power loss. Synchronous rectification provides a significant improvement in  
efficiency whenever the output voltage is relatively low compared to the voltage drop across an ordinary rectifier  
diode.  
CURRENT LIMITING  
A current limit feature allows the converter to protect itself and external components during overload conditions.  
PWM mode implements current limiting using an internal comparator that trips at 2.0 A (typ). If the output is  
shorted to ground the device enters a timed current limit mode where the NFET is turned on for a longer duration  
until the inductor current falls below a low threshold, ensuring inductor current has more time to decay, thereby  
preventing runaway.  
A current limit feature allows the buck to protect itself and external components during overload conditions PWM  
mode implements cycle-by-cycle current limiting using an internal comparator that trips at 2000mA (typical).  
PFM OPERATION  
At very light loads, the converter enters PFM mode and operates with reduced switching frequency and supply  
current to maintain high efficiency.  
The part will automatically transition into PFM mode when either of two conditions occurs for a duration of 32 or  
more clock cycles:  
1. The inductor current becomes discontinuous  
or  
2. The peak PMOS switch current drops below the IMODE level  
VIN  
(Typically IMODE < 66 mA +  
)
160W  
(3)  
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During PFM operation, the converter positions the output voltage slightly higher than the nominal output voltage  
during PWM operation, allowing additional headroom for voltage drop during a load transient from light to heavy  
load. The PFM comparators sense the output voltage via the feedback pin and control the switching of the output  
FETs such that the output voltage ramps between 0.8% and 1.6% (typical) above the nominal PWM output  
voltage. If the output voltage is below the ‘high’ PFM comparator threshold, the PMOS power switch is turned on.  
It remains on until the output voltage exceeds the ‘high’ PFM threshold or the peak current exceeds the IPFM level  
set for PFM mode. The typical peak current in PFM mode is:  
VIN  
IPFM = 66 mA +  
80W  
(4)  
Once the PMOS power switch is turned off, the NMOS power switch is turned on until the inductor current ramps  
to zero. When the NMOS zero-current condition is detected, the NMOS power switch is turned off. If the output  
voltage is below the ‘high’ PFM comparator threshold (see Figure 33), the PMOS switch is again turned on and  
the cycle is repeated until the output reaches the desired level. Once the output reaches the ‘high’ PFM  
threshold, the NMOS switch is turned on briefly to ramp the inductor current to zero and then both output  
switches are turned off and the part enters an extremely low power mode. Quiescent supply current during this  
‘sleep’ mode is less than 30 µA, which allows the part to achieve high efficiencies under extremely light load  
conditions. When the output drops below the ‘low’ PFM threshold, the cycle repeats to restore the output voltage  
to ~1.6% above the nominal PWM output voltage.  
If the load current should increase during PFM mode (see Figure 33) causing the output voltage to fall below the  
‘low2’ PFM threshold, the part will automatically transition into fixed-frequency PWM mode.  
SW1, SW2 OPERATION  
SW1 and SW2 have selectable output voltages ranging from 0.8V to 3.5V (typ.). Both SW1 and SW2 in the  
LP3906 are I2C register controlled and are enabled by default through the internal state machine of the LP3906  
following a Power-On event that moves the operating mode to the Active state. (see POWER ON). The SW1 and  
SW2 output voltages revert to default values when the power on sequence has been completed. The default  
output voltage for each buck converter is factory programmable. (See APPLICATION NOTES).  
SW1, SW2 can be enabled/disabled through the corresponding control register.  
The Modulation mode PWM/PFM is by default automatic and depends on the load as described above in the  
functional description. The modulation mode can be overridden by setting I2C bit to a logic 1 in the corresponding  
buck control register, forcing the buck to operate in PWM mode regardless of the load condition.  
High PFM Threshold  
PFM Mode at Light Load  
~1.016 * Vout  
Load current  
increases  
Low1 PFM Threshold  
~1.008 * Vout  
Current load  
increases,  
draws Vout  
towards  
Low2 PFM  
Threshold  
High PFM  
Nfet on  
drains  
inductor  
current  
until  
I inductor = 0  
Low PFM  
Threshold,  
turn on  
Pfet on  
until  
Voltage  
Threshold  
reached,  
go into  
Ipfm limit  
reached  
PFET  
Low2 PFM Threshold  
Vout  
sleep mode  
PWM Mode at  
Moderate to Heavy  
Loads  
Low2 PFM Threshold,  
switch back to PWMmode  
Figure 33.  
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SHUTDOWN MODE  
During shutdown the PFET switch, reference, control and bias circuitry of the converters are turned off. The  
NFET switch will be on in shutdown to discharge the output. When the converter is enabled, soft start is  
activated. It is recommended to disable the converter during the system power up and under voltage conditions  
when the supply is less than 2.8V.  
SOFT START  
The soft-start feature allows the power converter to gradually reach the initial steady state operating point, thus  
reducing start-up stresses and surges. The two LP3906 buck converters have a soft-start circuit that limits in-  
rush current during start-up. During start-up the switch current limit is increased in steps. Soft start is activated  
only if EN goes from logic low to logic high after VIN reaches 2.8V. Soft start is implemented by increasing switch  
current limit in steps of 213 mA, 425 mA, 850 mA and 1700 mA (typ. Switch current limit). The start-up time  
thereby depends on the output capacitor and load current demanded at start-up.  
LOW DROPOUT OPERATION  
The LP3906 can operate at 100% duty cycle (noswitching; PMOS switch completely on) for low drop out support  
of the output voltage. In this way the output voltage will be controlled down to the lowest possible input voltage.  
When the device operates near 100% duty cycle, output voltage ripple is approximately 25 mV. The minimum  
input voltage needed to support the output voltage is:  
VIN, MIN = ILOAD * (RDSON, PFET + RINDUCTOR) + VOUT  
Where:  
ILOAD  
Load current  
RDSON, PFET  
Drain to source resistance of  
PFET switch in the triode region  
RINDUCTOR  
Inductor resistance  
FLEXIBLE POWER SEQUENCING OF MULTIPLE POWER SUPPLIES  
The LP3906 provides several options for power on sequencing. The two bucks can be individually controlled with  
ENSW1 and ENSW2. The two LDOs can also be individually controlled with ENLDO1 and ENLDO2.  
If the user desires a set power on sequence, all four enables should be tied LOW so that the regulators don’t  
automatically enable when power is supplied. The user can then program the chip through I2C and raise EN_T  
from LOW to HIGH to activate the power on sequencing.  
POWER ON  
EN_T assertion causes the LP3906 to emerge from Standby mode to Full Operation mode at a preset timing  
sequence. By default, the enables for the LDOs and Bucks are internally pulled up, which causes the part to turn  
ON automatically. If the user wishes to have a preset timing sequence to power on the regulators, the external  
regulator enables must be tied LOW. Otherwise, simply tie the enables of each specific regulator HIGH.  
EN_T is edge triggered with rising edge signaling the chip to power on. The EN_T input is deglitched and the  
default is set at 1 ms. As shown in the next 2 diagrams, a rising EN_T edge will start a power on sequence, while  
a falling EN_T edge will start a shutdown sequence. If EN_T is high, toggling the external enables of the  
regulators will have no effect on the chip.  
Table 3. Default Power ON Sequence:  
t1 (ms)  
t2 (ms)  
t3 (ms)  
t4 (ms)  
1.5  
2.0  
3
6
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NOTE  
LP3906 The default Power on delays can be reprogrammed at final test or by using I2C  
registers to 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 6, or 11 ms.  
The regulators can also be programmed through I2C to turn on and off. By default, the I2C enables for the  
regulators are ON.  
The regulators are on following the pattern below:  
Regulators on = (I2C enable) AND (External pin enable OR EN_T high).  
NOTE  
The EN_T power-up sequencing may also be employed immediately after VIN is applied to  
the device. However, VIN must be stable for approximately 8ms minimum before EN_T be  
asserted high to ensure internal bias, reference, and the Flexible POR timing are  
stabilized. This initial EN_T delay is necessary only upon first time device power-on for  
power sequencing function to operate properly.  
2
I C  
Regulator ON  
EN_T  
Ext Enable  
Pins  
LP3906 Default Power-Up Sequence  
EN_T  
t
1
Vout Buck1  
Vout Buck2  
t
2
t
3
Vout LDO1  
Vout LDO2  
t
4
Table 4. Power-On Timing Specification  
Symbol  
t1  
Description  
Min  
Typ  
1.5  
2
Max  
Units  
ms  
Programmable Delay from EN_T assertion to VCC_Buck1 On  
Programmable Delay from EN_T assertion to VCC_Buck2 On  
Programmable Delay from EN_T assertion to VCC_LDO1 On  
Programmable Delay from EN_T assertion to VCC_LDO2 On  
t2  
t3  
t4  
ms  
3
ms  
6
ms  
22  
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NOTE  
LP3906 The default Power on delays can be reprogrammed at final test or I2C to 1, 1.5, 2,  
3, 6, or 11 ms.  
LP3906 Default Power-Off Sequence  
EN_T  
Vout Buck1  
t
1
Vout Buck2  
Vout LDO1  
t
2
t
3
Vout LDO2  
t
4
Symbol  
Description  
Min  
Typ  
1.5  
2
Max  
Units  
ms  
t1  
t2  
t3  
t4  
Programmable Delay from EN_T deassertion to VCC_Buck1 Off  
Programmable Delay from EN_T deassertion to VCC_Buck2 Off  
Programmable Delay from EN_T deassertion to VCC_LDO1 Off  
Programmable Delay from EN_T deassertion to VCC_LDO2 Off  
ms  
3
ms  
6
ms  
NOTE  
LP3906 The default Power on delays can be reprogrammed at final test to 0, .5, 1, 2, 5, or  
10 ms. Default setting is the same as the on sequence.  
Power-On-Reset  
The LP3906 is equipped with an internal Power-On-Reset (“POR”) circuit that will reset the logic when VDD <  
VPOR. This ensures that the logic is properly initialized when VDD rises above the minimum operating voltage of  
the Logic and the internal oscillator that clocks the Sequential Logic in the Control section.  
I2C Compatible Serial Interface  
I2C SIGNALS  
The LP3906 features an I2C compatible serial interface, using two dedicated pins: SCL and SDA for I2C clock  
and data respectively. Both signals need a pull-up resistor according to the I2C specification. The LP3906  
interface is an I2C slave that is clocked by the incoming SCL clock.  
Signal timing specifications are according to the I2C bus specification. The maximum bit rate is 400 kbit/s. See  
I2C specification from Philips for further details.  
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I2C DATA VALIDITY  
The data on the SDA line must be stable during the HIGH period of the clock signal (SCL), e.g.- the state of the  
data line can only be changed when CLK is LOW.  
SCL  
SDA  
data  
data  
valid  
data  
data  
valid  
data  
change  
allowed  
change  
allowed  
change  
allowed  
Figure 34. I2C Signals: Data Validity  
I2C START AND STOP CONDITIONS  
START and STOP bits classify the beginning and the end of the I2C session. START condition is defined as the  
SDA signal transitioning from HIGH to LOW while the SCL line is HIGH. STOP condition is defined as the SDA  
transitioning from LOW to HIGH while the SCL is HIGH. The I2C master always generates START and STOP  
bits. The I2C bus is considered to be busy after START condition and free after STOP condition. During data  
transmission, I2C master can generate repeated START conditions. First START and repeated START  
conditions are equivalent, function-wise.  
SDA  
SCL  
S
P
START condition  
STOP condition  
Figure 35. START and STOP Conditions  
TRANSFERRING DATA  
Every byte put on the SDA line must be eight bits long, with the most significant bit (MSB) being transferred first.  
Each byte of data has to be followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledged related clock pulse is generated  
by the master. The transmitter releases the SDA line (HIGH) during the acknowledge clock pulse. The receiver  
must pull down the SDA line during the 9th clock pulse, signifying acknowledgement. A receiver which has been  
addressed must generate an acknowledgement (“ACK”) after each byte has been received.  
After the START condition, the I2C master sends a chip address. This address is seven bits long followed by an  
eighth bit which is a data direction bit (R/W). Please note that according to industry I2C standards for 7-bit  
addresses, the MSB of an 8-bit address is removed, and communication actually starts with the 7th most  
significant bit. For the eighth bit (LSB), a “0” indicates a WRITE and a “1” indicates a READ. The second byte  
selects the register to which the data will be written. The third byte contains data to write to the selected register.  
LP3906 has a chip address of 60’h, which is factory programmed.  
MSB  
LSB  
ADR6 ADR5 ADR4 ADR3 ADR2 ADR1 ADR0  
R/W  
bit0  
bit7  
bit6  
bit5  
bit4  
bit3  
bit2  
bit1  
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
I2C SLAVE address (chip address)  
Figure 36. I2C Chip Address  
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ack from slave  
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ack from slave  
ack from slave  
start msb Chip Address lsb  
w
ack msb Register Add lsb ack msb  
DATA  
lsb ack stop  
SCL  
SDA  
1
3 4 5 6  
2
7
8
9
1 2 3 ...  
start  
id = h‘60  
w
ack  
addr = h‘02  
ack  
address h‘AA data  
ack stop  
w = write (SDA = “0”)  
r = read (SDA = “1”)  
ack = acknowledge (SDA pulled down by either master or slave)  
rs = repeated start  
id = LP3906 chip address : 0x60  
Figure 37. I2C Write Cycle  
When a READ function is to be accomplished, a WRITE function must precede the READ function, as shown in  
the Read Cycle waveform.  
ack from slave  
ack from slave repeated start  
ack from slave data from slave ack from master  
start msb Chip Address lsb  
w
ack msb Register Add lsb ack rs  
msb Chip Address lsb  
r
ack msb  
DATA  
lsb ack stop  
.
SCL  
SDA  
start  
id = h‘60  
w
ack  
register addr = h‘10  
ack rs  
id = h‘60  
r
ack  
data addr h‘6A  
ack stop  
Figure 38. I2C Read Cycle  
LP3906 Control Registers  
Register Address Register Name  
Read/Write  
R
Register Description  
0x02  
0x07  
0x10  
0x11  
0x20  
0x23  
0x24  
0x25  
0x29  
0x2A  
0x2B  
0x38  
0x39  
0x3A  
ICRA  
SCR1  
Interrupt Status Register A  
System Control 1 Register  
R/W  
R/W  
R
BKLDOEN  
BKLDOSR  
VCCR  
Buck and LDO Output Voltage Enable Register  
Buck and LDO Output Voltage Status Register  
Voltage Change Control Register 1  
Buck 1 Target Voltage 1 Register  
Buck 1 Target Voltage 2 Register  
Buck 1 Ramp Control  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
B1TV1  
B1TV2  
B1RC  
B2TV1  
Buck 2 Target Voltage 1 Register  
Buck 2 Target Voltage 2 Register  
Buck 2 Ramp Control  
B2TV2  
B2RC  
BFCR  
Buck Function Register  
LDO1VCR  
LDO2VCR  
LDO1 Voltage control Registers  
LDO2 Voltage control Registers  
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INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (ISRA) 0X02  
This register informs the user of the temperature status of the chip.  
D7-2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
Temp 125°C  
R
Reserved  
Status bit for thermal warning PMIC T>125°C  
0 – PMIC Temp. < 125°C  
Reserved  
1 – PMIC Temp. > 125°C  
Reset  
0
0
0
CONTROL 1 REGISTER (SCR1) 0X07  
This register allows the user to select the preset delay sequence for power-on timing, to switch between PFM  
and PWM mode for the bucks, and also to select between an internal and external clock for the bucks.  
The external LDO and SW enables should be pulled LOW to allow the blocks to sequence correctly through  
assertion of the EN_T pin.  
D7  
D6-4  
D3  
D2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
EN_DLY  
R/W  
FPWM2  
R/W  
FPWM1  
R/W  
ECEN  
R/W  
Reserved  
Selects the preset  
delay sequence from  
EN_T assertion  
Reserved  
Buck 2 PWM /PFM  
Mode select  
0 – Auto Switch PFM -  
PWM operation  
Buck 1 PWM /PFM  
Mode select  
0 – Auto Switch PFM -  
PWM operation  
External Buck Clock  
Select  
0 – Internal 2 MHz  
Oscillator clock  
1 – External 13 MHz  
Oscillator clock  
(shown below)  
1 – PWM Mode Only  
1 – PWM Mode Only  
Reset  
0
010  
1
0
0
0
EN_DLY PRESET DELAY SEQUENCE AFTER EN_T ASSERTION  
Delay (ms)  
EN_DLY<2:0>  
Buck1  
1
Buck2  
LDO1  
LDO2  
000  
001  
010  
011  
100  
101  
110  
111  
1
1.5  
2
1
2
3
1
3
2
1
6
1
2
1
1.5  
1.5  
1.5  
1.5  
3
6
2
1
2
6
1.5  
2
2
1.5  
11  
2
3
BUCK AND LDO OUTPUT VOLTAGE ENABLE REGISTER (BKLDOEN) – 0X10  
This register controls the enables for the Bucks and LDOs.  
D7  
D6  
D5  
D4  
D3  
D2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
LDO2EN  
R/W  
LDO1EN  
R/W  
BK2EN  
R/W  
BK1EN  
R/W  
Reserved  
0 – Disable  
1 – Enable  
Reserved  
0 – Disable  
1 – Enable  
Reserved  
0 – Disable  
1 – Enable  
Reserved  
0 – Disable  
1 – Enable  
Reset  
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
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BUCK AND LDO STATUS REGISTER (BKLDOSR) – 0X11  
This register monitors whether the Bucks and LDOs meet the voltage output specifications.  
D7  
D6  
D5  
D4  
D3  
D2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
BKS_OK  
R
LDOS_OK  
R
LDO2_OK  
R
LDO1_OK  
R
BK2_OK  
R
BK1_OK  
R
0 – Buck 1-2  
Not Valid  
0 – LDO 1-2  
Not Valid  
0 – LDO2 Not  
Valid  
0 – LDO1 Not  
Valid  
Reserve 0 – Buck2 Not  
Reserve 0 – Buck1 Not  
d
Valid  
d
Valid  
1 – Bucks Valid 1 – LDOs Valid 1 – LDO2 Valid 1 – LDO1 Valid  
1 – Buck2 Valid  
1 – Buck1 Valid  
Reset  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BUCK VOLTAGE CHANGE CONTROL REGISTER 1 (VCCR) – 0X20  
This register selects and controls the output target voltages for the buck regulators.  
D7-6  
D5  
D4  
D3-2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
B2VS  
R/W  
B2GO  
R/W  
B1VS  
R/W  
B1GO  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck2 Target Voltage  
Select  
Buck2 Voltage Ramp  
CTRL  
Reserved  
Buck1 Target Voltage  
Select  
Buck1 Voltage Ramp  
CTRL  
0 – B2VT1  
0 – Hold  
0 – B1VT1  
0 – Hold  
1 – B2VT2  
1 – Ramp to B2VS  
selection  
1 – B1VT2  
1 – Ramp to B1VS  
selection  
Reset  
00  
0
0
00  
0
0
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BUCK1 TARGET VOLTAGE 1 REGISTER (B1TV1) – 0X23  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of Buck 1.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
BK1_VOUT1  
Name  
Access  
Data  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck1 Output Voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
Ext Ctrl  
0.80  
0.85  
0.90  
0.95  
1.00  
1.05  
1.10  
1.15  
1.20  
1.25  
1.30  
1.35  
1.40  
1.45  
1.50  
1.55  
1.60  
1.65  
1.70  
1.75  
1.80  
1.85  
1.90  
1.95  
2.00  
2.00  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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BUCK 1 TARGET VOLTAGE 2 REGISTER (B1TV2) – 0X24  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of Buck 1.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
BK1_VOUT2  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck1 Output Voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
Ext Ctrl  
0.80  
0.85  
0.90  
0.95  
1.00  
1.05  
1.10  
1.15  
1.20  
1.25  
1.30  
1.35  
1.40  
1.45  
1.50  
1.55  
1.60  
1.65  
1.70  
1.75  
1.80  
1.85  
1.90  
1.95  
2.00  
2.00  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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BUCK 1 RAMP CONTROL REGISTER (B1RC) - 0x25  
This register allows the user to program the rate of change between the target voltages of Buck 1.  
D7  
- - - -  
D6-4  
- - - -  
D3-0  
B1RS  
R/W  
Name  
Access  
Data  
- - - -  
- - - -  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Data Code  
4h'0  
Ramp Rate mV/us  
Instant  
4h'1  
1
2
4h'2  
4h'3  
3
4h'4  
4
4h'5  
5
4h'6  
6
4h'7  
7
4h'8  
8
4h'9  
9
4h'A  
10  
10  
4h'B - 4h'F  
Reset  
0
010  
1000  
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BUCK 2 TARGET VOLTAGE 1 REGISTER (B2TV1) – 0X29  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of Buck 2.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
BK2_VOUT1  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck2 Output Voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
Ext Ctrl  
1.0  
1.1  
1.2  
1.3  
1.4  
1.5  
1.6  
1.7  
1.8  
1.9  
2.0  
2.1  
2.2  
2.4  
2.5  
2.6  
2.7  
2.8  
2.9  
3.0  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
3.5  
3.5  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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BUCK 2 TARGET VOLTAGE 2 REGISTER (B2TV2) – 0X2A  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of Buck 2.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
BK2_VOUT2  
Name  
Access  
Data  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck2 Output Voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
Ext Ctrl  
1.0  
1.1  
1.2  
1.3  
1.4  
1.5  
1.6  
1.7  
1.8  
1.9  
2.0  
2.1  
2.2  
2.4  
2.5  
2.6  
2.7  
2.8  
2.9  
3.0  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
3.5  
3.5  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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BUCK 2 RAMP CONTROL REGISTER (B2RC) - 0x2B  
This register allows the user to program the rate of change between the target voltages of Buck 2  
D7  
- - - -  
D6-4  
- - - -  
D3-0  
B2RS  
R/W  
Name  
Access  
Data  
- - - -  
- - - -  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Data Code  
4h'0  
Ramp Rate mV/us  
Instant  
4h'1  
1
2
4h'2  
4h'3  
3
4h'4  
4
4h'5  
5
4h'6  
6
4h'7  
7
4h'8  
8
4h'9  
9
4h'A  
10  
10  
4h'B - 4h'F  
Reset  
0
010  
1000  
BUCK FUNCTION REGISTER (BFCR) – 0x38  
This register allows the Buck switcher clock frequency to be spread across a wider range, allowing for less  
Electro-magnetic Interference (EMI). The spread spectrum modulation frequency refers to the rate at which the  
frequency ramps up and down, centered at 2 MHz.  
Spread Spectrum  
frequency  
Peak frequency deviation  
2 kHz triangle  
wave  
10 kHz triangle  
wave  
2 MHz  
Time  
D7-2  
D1  
D0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
BK_SLOMOD  
R/W  
BK_SSEN  
R/W  
Reserved  
Buck Spread Spectrum Modulation  
0 – 10 kHz triangular wave  
1 – 2 kHz triangular wave  
Spread Spectrum Function Output  
0 – Disabled  
1 – Enabled  
Reset  
000010  
1
0
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LDO1 CONTROL REGISTER (LDO1VCR) – 0X39  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of LDO 1.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
LDO1_OUT  
Name  
Access  
Data  
R/W  
Reserved  
LDO1 Output voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
1.0  
1.1  
1.2  
1.3  
1.4  
1.5  
1.6  
1.7  
1.8  
1.9  
2.0  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  
2.4  
2.5  
2.6  
2.7  
2.8  
2.9  
3.0  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
3.5  
3.5  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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LDO2 CONTROL REGISTER (LDO2VCR) – 0X3A  
This register allows the user to program the output target voltage of LDO 2.  
D7-5  
D4-0  
Name  
Access  
Data  
LDO2_OUT  
R/W  
Reserved  
LDO2 Output voltage (V)  
5’h00  
5’h01  
5’h02  
5’h03  
5’h04  
5’h05  
5’h06  
5’h07  
5’h08  
5’h09  
5’h0A  
5’h0B  
5’h0C  
5’h0D  
5’h0E  
5’h0F  
5’h10  
5’h11  
5’h12  
5’h13  
5’h14  
5’h15  
5’h16  
5’h17  
5’h18  
5’h19  
5’h1A–5’h1F  
1.0  
1.1  
1.2  
1.3  
1.4  
1.5  
1.6  
1.7  
1.8  
1.9  
2.0  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  
2.4  
2.5  
2.6  
2.7  
2.8  
2.9  
3.0  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
3.5  
3.5  
Reset  
000  
Factory Programmed Default  
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APPLICATION NOTES  
SYSTEM CLOCK INPUT (SYNC) PIN  
Pin 23 of the chip allows for a system clock input in order to synchronize the buck converters in PWM mode. This  
is useful if the user wishes to force the bucks to work synchronously with the system. Otherwise, the user should  
tie the pin to GND and the bucks will operate on an internal 2 MHz clock.  
The signal applied to the SYNC pin must be 13 MHz as per application processor specifications, but we can be  
contacted to modify that specification if so desired. Upon inputting the 13 MHz clock signal, the bucks will scale it  
down and continue to run at 2 MHz based off the 13 MHz clock.  
ANALOG POWER SIGNAL ROUTING  
All power inputs should be tied to the main VDD source (i.e. battery), unless the user wishes to power it from  
another source. (i.e. external LDO output).  
The analog VDD inputs power the internal bias and error amplifiers, so they should be tied to the main VDD. The  
analog VDD inputs must have an input voltage between 2.7 and 5.5 V, as specified on pg. 6 of the datasheet.  
The other VINs (VINLDO1, VINLDO2, VIN1, VIN2) can actually have inputs lower than 2.7V, as long as it's higher  
than the programmed output (+0.3V, to be safe).  
The analog and digital grounds should be tied together outside of the chip to reduce noise coupling.  
COMPONENT SELECTION  
Inductors for SW1 and SW2  
There are two main considerations when choosing an inductor; the inductor should not saturate and the inductor  
current ripple is small enough to achieve the desired output voltage ripple. Care should be taken when reviewing  
the different saturation current ratings that are specified by different manufacturers. Saturation current ratings are  
typically specified at 25ºC, so ratings at maximum ambient temperature of the application should be requested  
from the manufacturer.  
There are two methods to choose the inductor saturation current rating:  
Method 1  
The saturation current is greater than the sum of the maximum load current and the worst case average to peak  
inductor current. This can be written as follows:  
Isat > Ioutmax + Iripple  
VIN - VOUT  
2L  
x VOUT  
1
≈ ’ ≈  
x
where  
Iripple  
= « f ◊ «  
V
◊ «  
IN  
(5)  
IRIPPLE: Average to peak inductor current  
IOUTMAX: Maximum load current  
VIN: Maximum input voltage to the buck  
L:  
f:  
Min inductor value including worse case tolerances (30% drop can be considered for method 1)  
Minimum switching frequency (1.6 MHz)  
VOUT: Buck Output voltage  
Method 2  
A more conservative and recommended approach is to choose an inductor that has saturation current rating  
greater than the maximum current limit of 2375 mA.  
Given a peak-to-peak current ripple (IPP) the inductor needs to be at least:  
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x VOUT’ ≈ ’  
VIN - VOUT  
IPP  
1
«
x « f ◊  
L í  
V
IN  
◊ «  
(6)  
Inductor  
Value  
Unit  
Description  
SW1,2 inductor  
Notes  
D.C.R. 70 mΩ  
LSW1,2  
2.2  
µH  
External Capacitors  
The regulators on the LP3906 require external capacitors for regulator stability. These are specifically designed  
for portable applications requiring minimum board space and smallest components. These capacitors must be  
correctly selected for good performance.  
LDO CAPACITOR SELECTION  
Input Capacitor  
An input capacitor is required for stability. It is recommended that a 1.0 μF capacitor be connected between the  
LDO input pin and ground (this capacitance value may be increased without limit).  
This capacitor must be located a distance of not more than 1 cm from the input pin and returned to a clean  
analog ground. Any good quality ceramic, tantalum, or film capacitor may be used at the input.  
Important: Tantalum capacitors can suffer catastrophic failures due to surge currents when connected to a low  
impedance source of power (like a battery or a very large capacitor). If a tantalum capacitor is used at the input,  
it must be ensured by the manufacturer to have a surge current rating sufficient for the application.  
There are no requirements for the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) on the input capacitor, but tolerance and  
temperature coefficient must be considered when selecting the capacitor to ensure the capacitance will remain  
approximately 1.0 μF over the entire operating temperature range.  
Output Capacitor  
The LDOs on the LP3906 are designed specifically to work with very small ceramic output capacitors. A 1.0 µF  
ceramic capacitor (temperature types Z5U, Y5V or X7R) with ESR between 5 mto 500 m, are suitable in the  
application circuit.  
It is also possible to use tantalum or film capacitors at the device output, COUT (or VOUT), but these are not as  
attractive for reasons of size and cost.  
The output capacitor must meet the requirement for the minimum value of capacitance and also have an ESR  
value that is within the range 5 mto 500 mfor stability.  
Capacitor Characteristics  
The LDOs are designed to work with ceramic capacitors on the output to take advantage of the benefits they  
offer. For capacitance values in the range of 0.47 µF to 4.7 µF, ceramic capacitors are the smallest, least  
expensive and have the lowest ESR values, thus making them best for eliminating high frequency noise. The  
ESR of a typical 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor is in the range of 20 mto 40 m, which easily meets the ESR  
requirement for stability for the LDOs.  
For both input and output capacitors, careful interpretation of the capacitor specification is required to ensure  
correct device operation. The capacitor value can change greatly, depending on the operating conditions and  
capacitor type.  
In particular, the output capacitor selection should take account of all the capacitor parameters, to ensure that the  
specification is met within the application. The capacitance can vary with DC bias conditions as well as  
temperature and frequency of operation. Capacitor values will also show some decrease over time due to aging.  
The capacitor parameters are also dependent on the particular case size, with smaller sizes giving poorer  
performance figures in general. As an example, the graph below shows a typical graph comparing different  
capacitor case sizes in a Capacitance vs. DC Bias plot.  
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0603, 10V, X5R  
100%  
80%  
60%  
40%  
20%  
0402, 6.3V, X5R  
0
1.0  
2.0  
3.0  
4.0  
5.0  
DC BIAS (V)  
Figure 39. Graph Showing a Typical Variation in Capacitance vs. DC Bias  
As shown in the graph, increasing the DC Bias condition can result in the capacitance value that falls below the  
minimum value given in the recommended capacitor specifications table. Note that the graph shows the  
capacitance out of spec for the 0402 case size capacitor at higher bias voltages. It is therefore recommended  
that the capacitor manufacturers' specifications for the nominal value capacitor are consulted for all conditions,  
as some capacitor sizes (e.g. 0402) may not be suitable in the actual application.  
The ceramic capacitor’s capacitance can vary with temperature. The capacitor type X7R, which operates over a  
temperature range of 55°C to +125°C, will only vary the capacitance to within ±15%. The capacitor type X5R  
has a similar tolerance over a reduced temperature range of 55°C to +85°C. Many large value ceramic  
capacitors, larger than 1 µF are manufactured with Z5U or Y5V temperature characteristics. Their capacitance  
can drop by more than 50% as the temperature varies from 25°C to 85°C. Therefore X7R is recommended over  
Z5U and Y5V in applications where the ambient temperature will change significantly above or below 25°C.  
Tantalum capacitors are less desirable than ceramic for use as output capacitors because they are more  
expensive when comparing equivalent capacitance and voltage ratings in the 0.47 µF to 4.7 µF range.  
Another important consideration is that tantalum capacitors have higher ESR values than equivalent size  
ceramics. This means that while it may be possible to find a tantalum capacitor with an ESR value within the  
stable range, it would have to be larger in capacitance (which means bigger and more costly) than a ceramic  
capacitor with the same ESR value. It should also be noted that the ESR of a typical tantalum will increase about  
2:1 as the temperature goes from 25°C down to 40°C, so some guard band must be allowed.  
Input Capacitor Selection for SW1 and SW2  
A ceramic input capacitor of 10 µF, 6.3V is sufficient for the magnetic dc/dc converters. Place the input capacitor  
as close as possible to the input of the device. A large value may be used for improved input voltage filtering.  
The recommended capacitor types are X7R or X5R. Y5V type capacitors should not be used. DC bias  
characteristics of ceramic capacitors must be considered when selecting case sizes like 0805 and 0603. The  
input filter capacitor supplies current to the PFET switch of the dc/dc converter in the first half of each cycle and  
reduces voltage ripple imposed on the input power source. A ceramic capacitor’s low ESR (Equivalent Series  
Resistance) provides the best noise filtering of the input voltage spikes due to fast current transients. A capacitor  
with sufficient ripple current rating should be selected. The Input current ripple can be calculated as:  
r2  
VOUT  
VIN  
VOUT  
VIN  
Irms = Ioutmax  
1 -  
+
«
12  
(Vin œ Vout) x Vout  
where  
r =  
L x f x Ioutmax x Vin  
(7)  
The worse case is when VIN = 2VOUT  
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Output Capacitor Selection for SW1, SW2  
A 10 µF, 6.3V ceramic capacitor should be used on the output of the sw1 and sw2 magnetic dc/dc converters.  
The output capacitor needs to be mounted as close as possible to the output of the device. A large value may be  
used for improved input voltage filtering. The recommended capacitor types are X7R or X5R. Y5V type  
capacitors should not be used. DC bias characteristics of ceramic capacitors must be considered when selecting  
case sizes like 0805 and 0603. DC bias characteristics vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and DC bias  
curves should be requested from them and analyzed as part of the capacitor selection process.  
The output filter capacitor of the magnetic dc/dc converter smoothes out current flow from the inductor to the  
load, helps maintain a steady output voltage during transient load changes and reduces output voltage ripple.  
These capacitors must be selected with sufficient capacitance and sufficiently low ESD to perform these  
functions.  
The output voltage ripple is caused by the charging and discharging of the output capacitor and also due to its  
ESR and can be calculated as follows:  
Iripple  
Vpp-c  
=
4 x f x C  
(8)  
Voltage peak-to-peak ripple due to ESR can be expressed as follows:  
VPP–ESR = 2 × IRIPPLE × RESR  
(9)  
Because the VPP-C and VPP-ESR are out of phase, the rms value can be used to get an approximate value of the  
peak-to-peak ripple:  
Vpp-c2 + Vpp-esr  
2
Vpp-rms  
=
(10)  
Note that the output voltage ripple is dependent on the inductor current ripple and the equivalent series  
resistance of the output capacitor (RESR). The RESR is frequency dependent as well as temperature dependent.  
The RESR should be calculated with the applicable switching frequency and ambient temperature.  
Capacitor  
Min Value  
0.47  
Unit  
µF  
Description  
LDO1 output capacitor  
LDO2 output capacitor  
SW1 output capacitor  
SW2 output capacitor  
Recommended Type  
Ceramic, 6.3V, X5R  
CLDO1  
CLDO2  
CSW1  
CSW2  
0.47  
µF  
Ceramic, 6.3V, X5R  
Ceramic, 6.3V, X5R  
Ceramic, 6.3V, X5R  
10.0  
µF  
10.0  
µF  
I2C Pullup Resistor  
Both I2C_SDA and I2C_SCL terminals need to have pullup resistors connected to VINLDO12 or to the power  
supply of the I2C master. The values of the pull-up resistors (typ. 1.8k) are determined by the capacitance of  
the bus. Too large of a resistor combined with a given bus capacitance will result in a rise time that would violate  
the max. rise time specification. A too small resistor will result in a contention with the pull-down transistor on  
either slave(s) or master.  
Operation without I2C Interface  
Operation of the LP3906 without the I2C interface is possible if the system can operate with default values for the  
LDO and Buck regulators. (See Factory Programmable Options .) The I2C-less system must rely on the correct  
default output values of the LDO and Buck converters.  
Factory Programmable Options  
The following options are EPROM programmed during final test of the LP3906. The system designer that needs  
specific options is advised to contact the local Texas Instruments sales office.  
Factory programmable options  
Enable delay for power on  
SW1 ramp speed  
Current value  
code 010 (see BUCK VOLTAGE CHANGE CONTROL REGISTER 1 (VCCR) – 0X20)  
8 mV/µs  
8 mV/µs  
SW2 ramp speed  
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The I2C Chip ID address is offered as a metal mask option. The current value equals 0x60.  
MODE BOUNCE  
PFM-PWM transition at low load current.  
To improve efficiency at lower load currents LP3906 buck converters employ an automatically invoked PFM  
mode for the low load operation. The PFM mode operates with a much lower value quiescent current (IQ) than  
the PWM mode of operation that is used in the higher load currents.  
As shown in the datasheet section about SW operation, there is a DC voltage difference between the two modes  
of operation, with Vout PFM being typically 1.2% higher than Vout PWM. So there is a DC voltage level transition  
and some associated dynamic perturbation at the mode transition point.  
The transition between the two modes of operation has an associated hysterisis in the transition current value,  
That is, the transition point for increasing current (PFM to PWM) is at a higher value that the decreasing current  
(PWM to PFM). This hysterisis is to ensure that in the event that the load current values equals the PFM PWM  
transition value, the device will not make multiple transitions between modes; this reduces the noise at this load  
by eliminating multiple transitions between modes (also known as mode bounce).  
Under some conditions of high Vin and Low Vout the hystersis value is reduced and some amount of mode  
bounce can occur. Under these conditions, the regulator still maintains DC regulation, however the output ripple  
is more pronounced. Refer to the attached Vout vs Vin chart below that shows the operational area that may  
exhibit this increased output ripple. If the application is expected to be operated in the area of concern AND have  
a static load current of the transition current value, the user can avoid the possible noise increase by invoking the  
components’ “Force PWM mode”.  
3.5  
3.0  
2.5  
2.0  
1.5  
1.0  
0
5.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
(V)  
5.5  
V
IN  
Figure 40. LP3906 Buck Converter  
VOUT vs VIN Operating Range  
during PFM-PWM-PPM Transition  
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REVISION HISTORY  
Changes from Revision L (May 2013) to Revision M  
Page  
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 40  
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
3-May-2013  
PACKAGING INFORMATION  
Orderable Device  
Status Package Type Package Pins Package  
Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish  
MSL Peak Temp  
Op Temp (°C)  
Top-Side Markings  
Samples  
Drawing  
Qty  
(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4)  
LP3906SQ-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-TKXII/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-TKXII/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-VPFP/NOPB  
ACTIVE  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
NHZ  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
1000  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
CU SN  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
-40 to 85  
06-DJXI  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
250  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
06-FXPI  
06-JXXI  
06-PPXP  
06TKXII  
06-VPFP  
06-PPXP  
06-VPFP  
06-DJXI  
06-FXPI  
06-JXXI  
06-PPXP  
06TKXII  
06-VPFP  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
-40 to 85  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
250  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
-40 to 85  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
-40 to 85  
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:  
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.  
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.  
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.  
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.  
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.  
Addendum-Page 1  
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
3-May-2013  
(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability  
information and additional product content details.  
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.  
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that  
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.  
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between  
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.  
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight  
in homogeneous material)  
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.  
(4)  
Multiple Top-Side Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Top-Side Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a  
continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Top-Side Marking for that device.  
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information  
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and  
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.  
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.  
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.  
Addendum-Page 2  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
www.ti.com  
11-Oct-2013  
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION  
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Package Pins  
Type Drawing  
SPQ  
Reel  
Reel  
A0  
B0  
K0  
P1  
W
Pin1  
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant  
(mm) W1 (mm)  
LP3906SQ-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-JXXI/NOPB  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
250  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
178.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
4.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
LP3906SQ-PPXP/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQ-TKXII/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQE-PPXP/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQE-VPFP/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-DJXI/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-FXPI/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-JXXI/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-PPXP/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-TKXII/NOPB WQFN  
LP3906SQX-VPFP/NOPB WQFN  
250  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
Pack Materials-Page 1  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
www.ti.com  
11-Oct-2013  
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Type Package Drawing Pins  
SPQ  
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)  
LP3906SQ-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-TKXII/NOPB  
LP3906SQ-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQE-VPFP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-DJXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-FXPI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-JXXI/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-PPXP/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-TKXII/NOPB  
LP3906SQX-VPFP/NOPB  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
WQFN  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
NHZ  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
24  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
1000  
250  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
210.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
185.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
367.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
35.0  
250  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
4500  
Pack Materials-Page 2  
MECHANICAL DATA  
NHZ0024B  
SQA24B (Rev A)  
www.ti.com  
IMPORTANT NOTICE  
Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other  
changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest  
issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and  
complete. All semiconductor products (also referred to herein as “components”) are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale  
supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.  
TI warrants performance of its components to the specifications applicable at the time of sale, in accordance with the warranty in TI’s terms  
and conditions of sale of semiconductor products. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary  
to support this warranty. Except where mandated by applicable law, testing of all parameters of each component is not necessarily  
performed.  
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’ products. Buyers are responsible for their products and  
applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with Buyers’ products and applications, Buyers should provide  
adequate design and operating safeguards.  
TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or  
other intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI components or services are used. Information  
published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license to use such products or services or a warranty or  
endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the  
third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.  
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Applications  
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Data Converters  
DLP® Products  
DSP  
Computers and Peripherals  
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Industrial  
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