TPS40000DGQRG4 [TI]

Low Input (2.25V-5.5V) 300 kHz Frequency, Synchronous Buck Controller, Source Only 10-MSOP-PowerPAD -40 to 85;
TPS40000DGQRG4
型号: TPS40000DGQRG4
厂家: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS    TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
描述:

Low Input (2.25V-5.5V) 300 kHz Frequency, Synchronous Buck Controller, Source Only 10-MSOP-PowerPAD -40 to 85

开关 光电二极管
文件: 总28页 (文件大小:998K)
中文:  中文翻译
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
ꢑꢋ ꢊꢀꢒꢓ ꢔꢍꢕ ꢋ ꢖꢔ  
ꢛꢐꢘ ꢜ ꢘꢋ ꢏꢀ ꢚꢋ ꢊ ꢊꢔ ꢚ  
FEATURES  
APPLICATIONS  
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Operating Input Voltage 2.25 V to 5.5 V  
Output Voltage as Low as 0.7 V  
1% Internal 0.7 V Reference  
D
D
D
D
D
D
Networking Equipment  
Telecom Equipment  
Base Stations  
Servers  
Predictive Gate Drivet N-Channel MOSFET  
Drivers for Higher Efficiency  
DSP Power  
Externally Adjustable Soft-Start and  
Overcurrent Limit  
Power Modules  
DESCRIPTION  
Source-Only Current or Source/Sink Current  
Versions for Starting Into V  
Pre-Bias  
OUT  
The TPS4000x are controllers for low-voltage,  
10-Lead MSOP PowerPadt Package for  
non-isolated synchronous buck regulators. These  
controllers drive an N-channel MOSFET for the  
primary buck switch, and an N-channel MOSFET  
for the synchronous rectifier switch, thereby  
achieving very high-efficiency power conversion. In  
addition, the device controls the delays from main  
switch off to rectifier turn-on and from rectifier  
turn-off to main switch turn-on in such a way as to  
minimize diode losses (both conduction and  
recovery) in the synchronous rectifier with TI’s  
proprietary Predictive Gate Drivet technology. The  
reduction in these losses is significant and increases  
efficiency. For a given converter power level, smaller  
FETs can be used, or heat sinking can be reduced  
or even eliminated.  
Higher Performance  
D
D
D
Thermal Shutdown  
Internal Boostrap Diode  
Fixed-Frequency, Voltage-Mode Control  
− TPS40000/1/4 300-kHz  
− TPS40002/3/5 600-kHz  
SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION DIAGRAM  
V
IN  
TPS40000  
1
2
3
4
ILIM  
BOOT 10  
FB  
HDRV  
9
COMP  
SS/SD  
V
OUT  
SW  
VDD  
8
7
6
5
GND  
LDRV  
UDG−01141  
PowerPADt and Predictive Gate Drivet are trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated.  
Copyright 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
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1
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
DESCRIPTION (continued)  
The current-limit threshold is adjustable with a single resistor connected to the device. The TPS4000x  
controllers implement a closed-loop soft start function. Startup ramp time is set by a single external capacitor  
connected to the SS/SD pin. The SS/SD pin is also used for shutdown.  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
(2)  
PACKAGED DEVICES MSOP (DGQ)  
APPLICATION  
(3)  
SOURCE/SINK  
SOURCE  
ONLY  
SOURCE/SINK  
T
FREQUENCY  
A
(3)  
WITH PREBIAS  
TPS40001DGQ  
TPS40003DGQ  
300 kHz  
600 kHz  
TPS40000DGQ  
TPS40002DGQ  
TPS40004DGQ  
TPS40005DGQ  
−40°C to 85°C  
(2)  
(3)  
The DGQ package is available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to device type (e.g.  
TPS40000DGQR) to order quantities of 2,500 devices per reel and 80 units per tube.  
See Application Information section, p. 8.  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS  
over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted  
(1)  
TPS4000x  
V + 6.5  
SW  
UNIT  
BOOT  
COMP, FB, ILIM, SS/SD  
SW  
−0.3 to 6  
−0.7 to 10.5  
−2.5  
Input voltage range, V  
IN  
V
SW (SW transient < 50 ns)  
T
VDD  
6
Operating junction temperature range, T  
−40 to 150  
−55 to 150  
260  
J
Storage temperature, T  
stg  
°C  
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds  
(1)  
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only,  
and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions”  
is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
(4).(5  
DGQ PACKAGE  
(TOP VIEW)  
)
BOOT  
HDRV  
SW  
ILIM  
FB  
1
2
3
4
5
10  
9
8
7
6
COMP  
SS/SD  
GND  
VDD  
LDRV  
ACTUAL SIZE  
3,05mm x 4,98mm  
(4)  
(5)  
See technical brief SLMA002 for PCB guidelines for PowerPAD packages.  
PowerPADt heat slug can be connected to GND (pin 5).  
2
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
over recommended operating temperature range, T = −40_C to 85_C, V  
= 5.0 V, all parameters measured at zero  
A
DD  
power dissipation (unless otherwise noted)  
input supply  
PARAMETER  
Input voltage range  
High-side gate voltage  
Shutdown current  
Quiescent current  
Switching current  
Minimum on-voltage  
Hysteresis  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
2.25  
TYP  
MAX  
5.5  
UNIT  
V
DD  
V
V
V
− V  
5.5  
0.45  
2.0  
HGATE  
BOOT  
SW  
SS/SD = 0 V,  
FB = 0.8 V  
Outputs off  
0.25  
1.4  
1.5  
I
mA  
DD  
No load at HDRV/LDRV  
4.0  
UVLO  
1.95  
80  
2.05  
140  
2.15  
200  
V
mV  
oscillator  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
TPS40000  
TPS40001  
TPS40004  
250  
500  
300  
600  
350  
700  
f
Oscillator frequency  
2.25 V V  
DD  
5.00 V  
kHz  
OSC  
TPS40002  
TPS40003  
TPS40005  
V
Ramp voltage  
V
PEAK  
− V  
0.80  
0.24  
0.93  
0.31  
1.07  
0.41  
RAMP  
VALLEY  
V
Ramp valley voltage  
PWM  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
TPS40000  
TPS40001  
TPS40004  
87%  
83%  
94%  
93%  
97%  
(2)  
Maximum duty cycle  
FB = 0 V,  
V
DD  
= 3.3 V  
TPS40002  
TPS40003  
TPS40005  
97%  
0%  
Minimum duty cycle  
error amplifier  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
Line,  
Temperature  
0.689  
0.693  
0.700  
0.700  
30  
0.711  
0.707  
130  
V
FB input voltage  
V
FB  
T
A
= 25°C  
FB input bias current  
High-level output voltage  
Low-level output voltage  
Output source current  
Output sink current  
nA  
V
V
FB = 0 V,  
I
I
= 0.5 mA  
= 0.5 mA  
2.0  
2.5  
0.08  
6
OH  
OH  
V
FB =V  
DD  
,
0.15  
OL  
OL  
I
I
COMP = 0.7 V,  
COMP = 0.7 V,  
FB = GND  
FB = V  
2
3
OH  
mA  
8
OL  
DD  
(1)  
G
Gain bandwidth  
Open loop gain  
5
10  
MHz  
dB  
BW  
A
OL  
55  
85  
(1)  
(2)  
Ensured by design. Not production tested.  
At V input voltage of 2.25 V, derate the maximum duty cycle by 3%.  
DD  
3
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
over recommended operating temperature range, T = −40_C to 85_C, V  
= 5.0 V, all parameters measured at zero  
A
DD  
power dissipation (unless otherwise noted)  
current limit  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
11  
TYP  
15  
MAX  
19  
UNIT  
V
V
= 5 V  
DD  
I
ILIM sink current  
µA  
SINK  
= 2.25 V  
9.5  
−20  
2
13.0  
0
16.5  
20  
DD  
(1)  
V
V
Offset voltage SW vs ILIM  
2.25 V V  
DD  
5.00  
mV  
V
OS  
Input voltage range  
VDD  
300  
ILIM  
t
Minimum HDRV pulse time in overcurrent  
V
DD  
= 3.3 V  
200  
100  
6
ns  
ON  
SW leading edge blanking pulse in over-  
current detection  
ns  
(1)  
Soft-start capacitor cycles as fault timer  
t
SS  
rectifier zero current comparator  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
LDRV output OFF  
MIN  
−15  
TYP  
MAX  
−2  
UNIT  
Sense voltage to turn off  
rectifier  
TPS40000  
TPS40002  
V
SW  
−7  
75  
mV  
SW leading edge blanking pulse in zero  
current detection  
ns  
predictive delay  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
mV  
ns  
V
SWP  
Sense threshold to modulate delay time  
Maximum delay modulation range time  
Predictive counter delay time per bit  
Maximum delay modulation range  
Predictive counter delay time per bit  
−350  
75  
T
LDRV OFF − to − HDRV ON  
LDRV OFF − to − HDRV ON  
HDRV OFF − to − LDRV ON  
HDRV OFF − to − LDRV ON  
50  
3.0  
40  
100  
6.2  
90  
LDHD  
4.5  
65  
ns  
T
ns  
HDLD  
2.4  
4.0  
5.6  
ns  
shutdown  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
V
V
V
Shutdown threshold voltage  
Outputs OFF  
0.09  
0.14  
0.13  
0.17  
0.205  
0.235  
SD  
Device active threshold voltage  
V
EN  
soft start  
PARAMETER  
Soft-start source current  
Soft-start clamp voltage  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
5.4  
UNIT  
µA  
I
Outputs OFF  
2.0  
1.1  
3.7  
1.5  
SS  
V
1.9  
V
SS  
bootstrap  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
100  
70  
UNIT  
V
V
= 3.3 V  
= 5 V  
50  
35  
DD  
R
Bootstrap switch resistance  
BOOT  
DD  
(1) Ensured by design. Not production tested.  
(2) At V  
DD  
input voltage of 2.25 V, derate the maximum duty cycle by 3%.  
4
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
over recommended operating temperature range, T = −40_C to 85_C, V  
= 5.0 V, all parameters measured at zero  
A
DD  
power dissipation (unless otherwise noted)  
output driver  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
= 3.3 V  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
5.5  
UNIT  
V
−V  
BOOT SW  
,
R
R
HDRV pull-up resistance  
3
HDHI  
I
= −100 mA  
SOURCE  
V
SINK  
− V  
= 3.3 V  
,
BOOT  
SW  
HDRV pull-down resistance  
1.5  
3
HDLO  
I
= 100 mA  
= 3.3 V,  
R
R
LDRV pull-up resistance  
LDRV pull-down resistance  
LDRV rise time  
V
I
I
= −100 mA  
3
1.0  
15  
10  
15  
10  
5.5  
2.0  
35  
25  
35  
25  
LDHI  
LDLO  
RISE  
FALL  
DD  
DD  
SOURCE  
= 100 mA  
V
= 3.3 V,  
SINK  
t
t
LDRV fall time  
C
= 1 nF  
ns  
LOAD  
HDRV rise time  
HDRV fall time  
thermal shutdown  
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
(1)  
Shutdown temperature  
t
165  
15  
SD  
°C  
(1)  
Hysteresiss  
sw node  
PARAMETER  
Leakage current in shutdown  
(1) Ensured by design. Not production tested.  
TYP  
15  
MAX  
UNIT  
(1)  
I
µA  
SW  
(2) At V  
DD  
input voltage of 2.25 V, derate the maximum duty cycle by 3%.  
5
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
Terminal Functions  
TERMINAL  
I/O  
DESCRIPTION  
NAME  
NO.  
Provides a bootstrapped supply for the topside MOSFET driver, enabling the gate of the topside  
MOSFET to be driven above the input supply rail  
BOOT  
10  
O
COMP  
FB  
3
2
O
I
Output of the error amplifier  
Inverting input of the error amplifier. In normal operation the voltage at this pin is the internal reference level of 700 mV.  
Power supply return for the device. The power stage ground return on the board requires a separate path from other  
sensitive signal ground returns.  
GND  
5
9
This is the gate drive output for the topside N-channel MOSFET. HDRV is bootstrapped to near 2×V  
for good en-  
DD  
HDRV  
O
hancement of the topside MOSFET.  
A resistor is connected between this pin and VDD to set up the over current threshold voltage. A 15-µA current sink at  
the pin establishes a voltage drop across the external resistor that represents the drain-to-source voltage across the  
top side N-channel MOSFET during an over current condition. The ILIM over current comparator is blanked for the  
first 100 ns to allow full enhancement of the top  
ILIM  
1
6
I
MOSFET. Set the ILIM voltage level such that it is within 800 mV of V ; that is, (V  
− 0.8) I  
V .  
DD  
DD  
ILIM  
DD  
LDRV  
O
Gate drive output for the low-side synchronous rectifier N-channel MOSFET  
Soft-start and overcurrent fault shutdown times are set by charging and discharging a capacitor connected to this pin.  
A closed loop soft-start occurs when the internal 3-µA current source charges the external capacitor from 0.17 V to  
0.70 V. During the soft-start period, the current sink capability of the TPS40001 and TPS40003 is disabled. When the  
SS/SD voltage is less than 0.12 V, the device is shutdown and the HDRV and LDRV are driven low. In normal opera-  
tion, the capacitor is charged to 1.5 V. When a fault condition is asserted, the HDRV is driven low, and the LDRV is  
driven high. The soft-start capacitor goes through six charge/discharge cycles, restarting the converter on the seventh  
cycle.  
SS/SD  
4
I
Connect to the switched node on the converter. This pin is used for overcurrent sensing in the topside N-channel  
MOSFET, zero current sensing in synchronous rectifier N-channel MOSFET, and level sensing for predictive delay  
circuit. Overcurrent is determined, when the topside N-channel MOSFET is on, by comparing the voltage on SW with  
respect to VDD and the voltage on the ILIM with respect to VDD. Zero current is sensed, when the rectifier N-channel  
MOSFET is on, by measuring the voltage on SW with respect to ground. Zero current sensing applies to the  
TPS40000/2 devices only.  
SW  
8
7
O
I
VDD  
Power input for the chip, 5.5-V maximum. Decouple close to the pin with a low-ESR capacitor, 1-µF or larger.  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
functional block diagram  
VDD  
VDD  
FB  
7
2
VDD  
THERMAL  
SHUTDOWN  
LDRV  
UVLO  
2 V  
ERROR AMPLIFIER  
PWM COMP  
10 BOOT  
+
+
HI  
0.7 V  
REF  
UVLO  
9
HDRV  
PREDICTIVE  
GATE  
OSC  
CLK  
PWM  
DRIVE  
PWM  
LOGIC  
COMP  
SS/SD  
3
4
UVLO  
(VDD−1.2 V)  
SS ACTIVE  
FAULT  
OC  
8
6
1
SW  
3 µA  
SOFT  
START  
FAULT  
COUNTER  
VDD  
DISCHARGE  
LO  
LDRV  
ILIM  
100 ns DELAY  
EN  
0.12 V  
SHUT DOWN  
GND  
5
CURRENT  
LIMIT COMP  
15 µA  
LDRV  
75 ns  
DELAY  
EN  
RECTIFIER  
ZERO−CURRENT  
COMPARATOR  
UDG−01142  
7
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
The TPS4000x series of synchronous buck controller devices is optimized for high-efficiency dc-to-dc  
conversion in non-isolated distributed power systems. A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 1.  
The TPS40004 and TPS40005 are the controllers of choice for most general purpose synchronous buck  
designs. Each operates in two quadrant mode (i.e. source or sink current) full time. This choice provides the  
best performance for output voltage load transient response over the widest load current range.  
The TPS40001 and TPS40003 add an additional feature: They operate in single quadrant mode (i.e. source  
current only) during converter startup, and then when the converter has reached the regulation point, the  
controllers change to operate in two quadrant mode. This is useful for applications that have outputs pre-biased  
at some voltage before the controller is enabled. When the TPS40001 or TPS40003 is enabled, it does not sink  
current during startup and therefore does not pull current from the pre-biased voltage supply.  
The TPS40000 and TPS40002 operate in single quadrant mode (source current only) full time, allowing the  
paralleling of converters. Single quadrant operation ensures one converter does pull current from a paralleled  
converter. A converter using one of these controllers emulates a non-synchronous buck converter at light loads.  
When current in the output inductor attempts to reverse, an internal zero-current detection circuit turns OFF the  
synchronous rectifier and causes the current flow in the inductor to become discontinuous. At average load  
currents greater than the peak amplitude of the inductor ripple current, the converter returns to operation as a  
synchronous buck converter to maximize efficiency.  
V
DD  
3.0 V to 5.5 V  
100 µF  
10 µF  
20 kW  
TPS40001  
ILIM BOOT  
1
2
3
4
5
10  
9
Si4836DY  
V
1.8 V  
OUT  
10 A  
IHLP5050CE−01  
1.0 µH  
FB  
HDRV  
SW  
7.68 kΩ  
3.6 nF  
3.3 Ω  
100 nF  
COMP  
SS/SD  
GND  
8
243 Ω  
15.7 kΩ  
470 µF  
10 µF  
100 pF  
7
Si4836DY  
VDD  
LDRV  
3.3 nF  
4.7 nF  
6
10 kΩ  
UDG−02013  
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
error amplifier  
The error amplifier has a bandwidth of greater than 5 MHz, with open loop gain of at least 55 dB. The COMP  
output voltage is clamped to a level above the oscillator ramp in order to improve large-scale transient response.  
oscillator  
The oscillator uses an internal resistor and capacitor to set the oscillation frequency. The ramp waveform is a  
triangle at the PWM frequency with a peak voltage of 1.25 V, and a valley of 0.25 V. The PWM duty cycle is limited  
to a maximum of 95%, allowing the bootstrap capacitor to charge during every cycle.  
bootstrap/charge pump  
There is an internal switch between VDD and BOOT. This switch charges the external bootstrap capacitor for  
the floating supply. If the resistance of this switch is too high for the application, an external schottky diode  
between VDD and BOOT can be used. The peak voltage on the bootstrap capacitor is approximately equal to  
VDD.  
driver  
The HDRV and LDRV MOSFET drivers are capable of driving gate-to-source voltages up to 5.5 V. At V , = 5 V  
IN  
and using appropriate MOSFETs, a 20-A converter can be achieved. The LDRV driver switches between VDD  
and ground, while the HDRV driver is referenced to SW and switches between BOOT and SW. The maximum  
voltage between BOOT and SW is 5.5 V.  
synchronous rectification and predictive delay  
In a normal buck converter, when the main switch turns off, current is flowing to the load in the inductor. This  
current cannot be stopped immediately without using infinite voltage. For the current path to flow and maintain  
voltage levels at a safe level, a rectifier or catch device is used. This device can be either a conventional diode,  
or it can be a controlled active device if a control signal is available to drive it. The TPS4000x provides a signal  
to drive an N-channel MOSFET as a rectifier. This control signal is carefully coordinated with the drive signal  
for the main switch so that there is minimum delay from the time that the rectifier MOSFET turns off and the main  
switch turns on, and minimum delay from when the main switch turns off and the rectifier MOSFET turns on.  
This scheme, Predictive Gate Drivet delay, uses information from the current switching cycle to adjust the  
delays that are to be used in the next cycle. Figure 2 shows the switch-node voltage waveform for a  
synchronously rectified buck converter. Illustrated are the relative effects of a fixed-delay drive scheme  
(constant, pre-set delays for the turn-off to turn-on intervals), an adaptive delay drive scheme (variable delays  
based upon voltages sensed on the current switching cycle) and the predictive delay drive scheme.  
Note that the longer the time spent in diode conduction during the rectifier conduction period, the lower the  
efficiency. Also, not described in Figure 2 is the fact that the predictive delay circuit can prevent the body diode  
from becoming forward biased at all while at the same time avoiding cross conduction or shoot through. This  
results in a significant power savings when the main MOSFET turns on, and minimizes reverse recovery loss  
in the body diode of the rectifier MOSFET.  
9
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
GND  
Channel Conduction  
Body Diode Conduction  
Fixed Delay  
Adaptive Delay  
Predictive Delay  
UDG−01144  
Figure 2. Switch Node Waveforms for Synchronous Buck Converter  
overcurrent  
Overcurrent conditions in the TPS4000x are sensed by detecting the voltage across the main MOSFET while  
it is on.  
basic description  
If the voltage exceeds a pre-set threshold, the current pulse is terminated, and a counter inside the device is  
incremented. If this counter fills up, a fault condition is declared and the device disables switching for a period  
of time and then attempts to restart the converter with a full soft-start cycle.  
10  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
detailed description  
During each switching cycle, a comparator looks at the voltage across the top side MOSFET while it is on. This  
comparator is enabled after the SW node reaches a voltage greater than (V −1.2 V) followed by a 100-ns  
DD  
blanking time. If the voltage across that MOSFET exceeds a programmable threshold voltage, the  
current-switching pulse is terminated and a 3-bit counter is incremented by one count. If, during the switching  
cycle, the topside MOSFET voltage does not exceed a preset threshold, then this counter is decremented by  
one count. (The counter does not wrap around from 7 to 0 or from 0 to 7). If the counter reaches a full count  
of 7, the device declares that a fault condition exists at the output of the converter. In this fault state, HDRV is  
turned off and LDRV is turned on and the soft-start capacitor is discharged. The counter is decremented by one  
by the soft start capacitor (C ) discharge. When the soft-start capacitor is fully discharged, the discharging  
SS  
circuit is turned off and the capacitor is allowed to charge up at the nominal charging rate. When the soft-start  
capacitor reaches about 700 mV, it is discharged again and the overcurrent counter is decremented by one  
count. The capacitor is charged and discharged, and the counter decremented until the count reaches zero (a  
total of six times). When this happens, the outputs are again enabled as the soft-start capacitor generates a  
reference ramp for the converter to follow while attempting to restart.  
During this soft-start interval (whether or not the controller is attempting to do a fault recovery or starting for the  
first time), pulse-by-pulse current limiting is in effect, but overcurrent pulses are not counted to declare a fault  
until the soft-start cycle has been completed. It is possible to have a supply attempt to bring up a short circuit  
for the duration of the soft start period plus seven switching cycles. Power stage designs should take this into  
account if it makes a difference thermally. Figure 3 shows the details of the overcurrent operation.  
(+)  
V
TS  
(−)  
Overcurrent  
Threshold  
Voltage  
Internal PWM  
V
TS  
0V  
External  
Main Drive  
Normal  
Cycle  
Overcurrent  
Cycle  
UDG−01145  
Figure 3. Switch Node Waveforms for Synchronous Buck Converter  
11  
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ꢄ ꢄ  
ꢄ ꢅ  
ꢇꢅ  
ꢃꢅ  
SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
Figure 4 shows the behavior of key signals during initial startup, during a fault and a successfully fault recovery.  
At time t0, power is applied to the converter. The voltage on the soft-start capacitor (V ) begins to ramp up  
CSS  
and acts as the reference until it passes the internal reference voltage at t1. At this point the soft-start period  
is over and the converter is regulating its output at the desired voltage level. From t0 to t1, pulse-by-pulse current  
limiting is in effect, and from t1 onward, overcurrent pulses are counted for purposes of determining a possible  
fault condition. At t2, a heavy overload is applied to the converter. This overload is in excess of the overcurrent  
threshold. The converter starts limiting current and the output voltage falls to some level depending on the  
overload applied. During the period from t2 to t3, the counter is counting overcurrent pulses, and at time t3  
reaches a full count of 7. The soft-start capacitor is then discharged, the counter is decremented, and a fault  
condition is declared.  
0.7 V  
V
CSS  
FAULT  
I
LOAD  
V
OUT  
t
t4  
t0  
t1  
t2 t3  
t5  
t6  
t7  
t8  
t9  
t10  
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
2 3 4 5 6 7  
UDG−01144  
Figure 4. Switch Node Waveforms for Synchronous Buck Converter  
When the soft start capacitor is fully discharged, it begins charging again at the same rate that it does on startup,  
with a nominal 3-µA current source. As the capacitor voltage reaches full charge, it is discharged again and the  
counter is decremented by one count. These transitions occur at t3 through t9. At t9, the counter has been  
decremented to 0. The fault logic is then cleared, the outputs are enabled, and the converter attempts to restart  
with a full soft-start cycle. The converter comes into regulation at t10.  
12  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
setting the current limit  
Connecting a resistor from VDD to ILIM sets the current limit. A 15-µA current sink internal to the device causes  
a voltage drop at ILIM that is equal to the overcurrent threshold voltage. Ensure that (V −0.8 V) V V  
.
DD  
DD  
ILIM  
The tolerance of the current sink is too loose to do an accurate current limit. The main purpose is for hard fault  
protection of the power switches. Given the tolerance of the ILIM sink current, and the R range for a  
DS(on)  
MOSFET, it is generally possible to apply a load that thermally damages the converter. This device is intended  
for embedded converters where load characteristics are defined and can be controlled.  
soft-start and shutdown  
These two functions are common to the SS/SD pin. The voltage at this pin is the controlling voltage of the error  
amplifier during startup. This reduces the transient current required to charge the output capacitor at startup,  
and allows for a smooth startup with no overshoot of the output voltage if done properly. A shutdown feature  
can be implemented as shown in Figure 5.  
TPS40000  
3 µA  
4
SS/SD  
C
SS  
SHUTDOWN  
UDG−01143  
Figure 5. Shutdown Implementation  
The device shuts down when the voltage at the SS/SD pin falls below 120 mV. Because of this limitation, it is  
recommended that a MOSFET be used as the controlling device, as in Figure 5. An open-drain CMOS logic  
output would work equally well.  
rectifier zero-current  
Both the TPS40000 and TPS40002 parts are source-only, thus preventing reverse current in the synchronous  
rectifier. Synchronous rectification is terminated by sensing the voltage, SW with respect to ground, across the  
low-side MOSFET. When SW node is greater than −7 mV, rectification is terminated and stays off until the next  
PWM cycle. In order to filter out undesired noise on the SW node, the zero-current comparator is blanked for  
75 ns from the time the rectifier is turned on.  
The TPS40001 and TPS40003 parts enable the zero-current comparator, (and therefore prevent reverse  
current), while soft-start is active. However, when the output reaches regulation; that is, at the end of the  
soft-start time, this comparator is disabled to allow the synchronous rectifier to sink current.  
13  
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ꢄ ꢅ  
ꢇꢅ  
ꢃꢅ  
SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
The following pages include design ideas for a few applications. For more ideas, detailed design information,  
and helpful hints, visit the TPS40000 resources at http://power.ti.com.  
V
DD  
3.3 V  
22 µF  
22 µF  
TPS40002/3/5  
15 kΩ  
FDS6894A  
1
2
3
4
5
10  
9
ILIM  
BOOT  
HDRV  
SW  
1.0 µH  
FB  
V
OUT  
1 nF  
8.66 kΩ  
3.3 Ω  
1 µF  
1.2 V  
5 A  
COMP  
SS/SD  
GND  
8
2.2 Ω  
.0033 µF  
22 µF  
22 µF  
7
VDD  
68 pF  
FDS6894A  
4.7 nF  
6
LDRV  
PWP  
1 µF  
470 pF  
12.1 kΩ  
1 kΩ  
16.9 kΩ  
UDG−02081  
Figure 6. Small-Form Factor Converter for 3.3 V to 1.2 V at 5 A.  
14  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
Figure 7. High-Current Converter for 3.3 V to 1.2 V at 10 A.  
15  
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ꢄ ꢅ  
ꢇꢅ  
ꢃꢅ  
SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
22 µF  
22 µF  
V
DD  
2.5 V  
BAT54  
15 kΩ  
TPS40002/3/5  
ILIM BOOT  
1 µF  
FDS6894A  
1
2
3
4
5
10  
9
1.8 Ω  
3.3 Ω  
V
1.2 V  
5 A  
1.0 µH  
L1  
FB  
OUT  
HDRV  
1500 pF 5.62 kΩ  
COMP  
8
SW  
2.2 Ω  
7
SS/SD VDD  
100 pF  
22 µF  
22 µF  
4.7 nF  
1.8 Ω  
1 µF  
FDS6894A  
6
GND LDRV  
PWP  
3.3 nF  
6.19 kΩ  
536 Ω  
1000 pF  
8.66 kΩ  
UDG−02083  
Figure 8. Ultra-Low-Input Voltage Converter for 2.5 V to 1.2 V at 5 A  
16  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
330 µF  
330 µF  
22 µF  
22 µF  
22 µF  
+
+
VDD  
3.3 V  
Q1  
Si4866DY  
TPS40000/1/4  
ILIM BOOT  
1 µF  
11 kΩ  
1
2
3
4
5
10  
9
1.8 Ω  
3.3 Ω  
VOUT  
2.5 V  
10 A  
1.0 µH  
L2  
FB  
HDRV  
2.2 nF  
12.7 kΩ  
COMP  
8
SW  
2.2 Ω  
470 pF  
+
22 µF  
7
SS/SD VDD  
Q2  
Si4866DY  
0.01 µF  
470 µF  
1.8 Ω  
22 µF  
4.7 nF  
6
GND LDRV  
PWP  
1 µF  
24.9 kΩ  
820 pF  
1.27 kΩ  
9.76 kΩ  
UDG−02084  
Figure 9. Ultra-High-Efficiency Converter for 3.3 V to 2.5 V at 10 A  
17  
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ꢇꢅ  
ꢃꢅ  
SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY PERCENT CHANGE  
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY PERCENT CHANGE  
vs  
vs  
INPUT VOLTAGE  
TEMPERATURE  
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
0
−1  
−2  
−3  
−4  
−5  
−6  
2.0  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
5.5  
−50  
−25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100 125  
V
IN  
− Input Voltage − V  
Temperature − °C  
Figure 10  
Figure 11  
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE  
vs  
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE  
vs  
INPUT VOLTAGE  
TEMPERATURE  
0.707  
0.705  
0.7010  
0.7005  
0.7000  
0.703  
0.701  
0.699  
0.697  
0.6995  
0.6990  
0.695  
0.693  
2.0  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
5.5  
−50  
−25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
Temperature − °C  
V
IN  
− Input Voltage − V  
Figure 12  
Figure 13  
18  
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SLUS507D − JANUARY 2002 − REVISED NOVEMBER 2005  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
CURRENT LIMIT SINK CURRENT  
CURRENT LIMIT SINK CURRENT  
vs  
vs  
INPUT VOLTAGE  
TEMPERATURE  
16.0  
15.5  
15.5  
15.0  
14.5  
14.0  
13.5  
13.0  
15.0  
14.5  
14.0  
12.5  
−50  
−25  
0
25  
50  
75  
100  
125  
2.0  
2.5  
3.0  
3.5  
4.0  
4.5  
5.0  
5.5  
Temperature − °C  
V
IN  
− Input Voltage − V  
Figure 14  
Figure 15  
TYPICAL PREDICTIVE  
DELAY SWITCHING  
OVERCURRENT  
SS/SD Node  
(1 V/div)  
LDRV  
(2 V/div)  
SW Node  
(2 V/ div)  
SW Node  
(2 V/ div)  
t − Time − 1 ms/div  
t − Time − 400 ns/div  
Figure 16  
Figure 17  
19  
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
26-Aug-2013  
PACKAGING INFORMATION  
Orderable Device  
TPS40000DGQ  
Status Package Type Package Pins Package  
Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish  
MSL Peak Temp  
Op Temp (°C)  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
Device Marking  
Samples  
Drawing  
Qty  
(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4/5)  
ACTIVE  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
DGQ  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
40000  
40000  
40000  
40000  
40001  
40001  
40001  
40001  
40002  
40002  
40002  
40002  
40003  
40003  
40003  
40003  
40004  
TPS40000DGQG4  
TPS40000DGQR  
TPS40000DGQRG4  
TPS40001DGQ  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
80  
2500  
2500  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
TPS40001DGQG4  
TPS40001DGQR  
TPS40001DGQRG4  
TPS40002DGQ  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
2500  
2500  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
ACTIVE  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
TPS40002DGQG4  
TPS40002DGQR  
TPS40002DGQRG4  
TPS40003DGQ  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
2500  
2500  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
TPS40003DGQG4  
TPS40003DGQR  
TPS40003DGQRG4  
TPS40004DGQ  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
2500  
2500  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
NRND  
MSOP-  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
PowerPAD  
Addendum-Page 1  
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
26-Aug-2013  
Orderable Device  
Status Package Type Package Pins Package  
Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish  
MSL Peak Temp  
Op Temp (°C)  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
-40 to 85  
Device Marking  
Samples  
Drawing  
Qty  
(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4/5)  
TPS40004DGQG4  
TPS40004DGQR  
TPS40004DGQRG4  
TPS40005DGQG4  
TPS40005DGQR  
TPS40005DGQRG4  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
DGQ  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
80  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
Call TI  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Call TI  
40004  
40004  
40004  
40005  
40005  
40005  
NRND  
NRND  
NRND  
NRND  
NRND  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
2500  
2500  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
TBD  
MSOP-  
PowerPAD  
2500  
2500  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
CU NIPDAU  
CU NIPDAU  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
Level-1-260C-UNLIM  
MSOP-  
Green (RoHS  
& no Sb/Br)  
PowerPAD  
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:  
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.  
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.  
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.  
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.  
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.  
(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability  
information and additional product content details.  
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.  
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that  
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.  
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between  
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.  
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight  
in homogeneous material)  
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.  
(4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.  
(5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation  
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.  
Addendum-Page 2  
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM  
www.ti.com  
26-Aug-2013  
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information  
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and  
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.  
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.  
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.  
Addendum-Page 3  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
www.ti.com  
26-Jan-2013  
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION  
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Package Pins  
Type Drawing  
SPQ  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
Reel  
Reel  
A0  
B0  
K0  
P1  
W
Pin1  
Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant  
(mm) W1 (mm)  
TPS40000DGQR  
TPS40001DGQR  
TPS40002DGQR  
TPS40003DGQR  
TPS40004DGQR  
TPS40005DGQR  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
330.0  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
12.4  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
5.3  
3.3  
3.3  
3.3  
3.3  
3.3  
3.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
1.3  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
8.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
12.0  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
Q1  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
MSOP-  
Power  
PAD  
Pack Materials-Page 1  
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION  
www.ti.com  
26-Jan-2013  
*All dimensions are nominal  
Device  
Package Type Package Drawing Pins  
SPQ  
Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)  
TPS40000DGQR  
TPS40001DGQR  
TPS40002DGQR  
TPS40003DGQR  
TPS40004DGQR  
TPS40005DGQR  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
MSOP-PowerPAD  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
DGQ  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
10  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
2500  
346.0  
370.0  
346.0  
370.0  
346.0  
346.0  
346.0  
355.0  
346.0  
355.0  
346.0  
346.0  
35.0  
55.0  
35.0  
55.0  
35.0  
35.0  
Pack Materials-Page 2  
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